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@media(max-width: 767px) { article.post { padding: 0; box-shadow: none; } .mobile-feature-image { display: block; } .desktop-feature-image { display:none; } .foobox img { padding-top: 0; } } </style> <article id="post-10607" class="post-10607 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-field-report tag-architecture tag-ironage tag-warfare tag-excavation tag-cultural-heritage issues-960 region-turkey-central-turkey"> <div class="entry-content open_access_logo"> <div class="open_access"> <p>AJA Open Access</p> </div> </div> <div class="entry-content flex flex-wrap md:flex-nowrap gap-[92px] "> <div class="flex-auto w-full md:w-2/3 flex flex-col"> <header class="entry-header"> <a class="flex w-max" href="https://ajaonline.org/toc/1292/"><h2 class="w-max entry-term-title">April 2025 (129.2)</h2></a><h4 class="cateories">Field Report</h4><h1 class="entry-title">Fieldwork at Phrygian Gordion, 2016–2023</h1><p class="pauthers 77 text-[#000] text-[14px] font-semibold leading-normal">By <a href="https://ajaonline.org/author/1347/">C. Brian Rose</a>, <a href="https://ajaonline.org/author/gareth-darbyshire/">Gareth Darbyshire</a>, <a href="https://ajaonline.org/author/tugba-gencer/">Tuğba Gençer</a>, and <a href="https://ajaonline.org/author/rostyslav-oreshko/">Rostyslav Oreshko</a></p> <div class="link read-article"> <a class="readArticle" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/733929" target="_blank"> <svg width="11" height="11" viewBox="0 0 11 11" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M3.16729 1.65445e-07H4.4C4.70376 1.65445e-07 4.95 0.246246 4.95 0.55C4.95 0.85376 4.70376 1.1 4.4 1.1H3.19C2.71888 1.1 2.39862 1.10043 2.15107 1.12065C1.90994 1.14035 1.78663 1.17607 1.70061 1.21989C1.49364 1.32535 1.32535 1.49364 1.21989 1.70061C1.17607 1.78663 1.14035 1.90994 1.12065 2.15107C1.10043 2.39862 1.1 2.71888 1.1 3.19V7.81C1.1 8.28113 1.10043 8.6014 1.12065 8.84895C1.14035 9.09007 1.17607 9.21338 1.21989 9.2994C1.32535 9.50637 1.49364 9.67467 1.70061 9.7801C1.78663 9.82393 1.90994 9.85963 2.15107 9.87938C2.39862 9.89956 2.71888 9.9 3.19 9.9H7.81C8.28113 9.9 8.6014 9.89956 8.84895 9.87938C9.09007 9.85963 9.21338 9.82393 9.2994 9.7801C9.50637 9.67467 9.67467 9.50637 9.7801 9.2994C9.82393 9.21338 9.85963 9.09007 9.87938 8.84895C9.89956 8.6014 9.9 8.28113 9.9 7.81V6.6C9.9 6.29624 10.1462 6.05 10.45 6.05C10.7538 6.05 11 6.29624 11 6.6V7.83272C11 8.27547 11 8.64083 10.9757 8.93849C10.9504 9.24765 10.8962 9.53183 10.7602 9.7988C10.5493 10.2127 10.2127 10.5493 9.7988 10.7602C9.53183 10.8962 9.24765 10.9504 8.93849 10.9757C8.64083 11 8.27547 11 7.83272 11H3.16727C2.72455 11 2.35915 11 2.0615 10.9757C1.75234 10.9504 1.46815 10.8962 1.20122 10.7602C0.787265 10.5493 0.450709 10.2127 0.239789 9.7988C0.103774 9.53183 0.0495661 9.24765 0.0243046 8.93849C-1.08736e-05 8.64083 -5.33456e-06 8.27547 1.65445e-07 7.83272V3.16729C-5.33456e-06 2.72455 -1.08736e-05 2.35915 0.0243046 2.0615C0.0495661 1.75234 0.103774 1.46815 0.239784 1.20122C0.450709 0.787265 0.787265 0.450709 1.20122 0.239784C1.46815 0.103774 1.75234 0.0495661 2.0615 0.0243046C2.35915 -1.08736e-05 2.72455 -5.33456e-06 3.16729 1.65445e-07ZM6.6 0.550006C6.6 0.246252 6.84624 5.67291e-06 7.15 5.67291e-06H10.45C10.7538 5.67291e-06 11 0.246252 11 0.550006V3.85001C11 4.15377 10.7538 4.4 10.45 4.4C10.1462 4.4 9.9 4.15377 9.9 3.85001V1.87783L5.88891 5.88891C5.67413 6.10368 5.32587 6.10368 5.11109 5.88891C4.89632 5.67413 4.89632 5.32587 5.11109 5.11109L9.12219 1.10001H7.15C6.84624 1.10001 6.6 0.853765 6.6 0.550006Z" fill="#CC8624"/></svg> <span class="ra">Read Article</span> </a> </div> </header> <div class="content"> <p>This article presents the results of the last eight seasons of work at Gordion in west central Türkiye, focusing primarily on architectural conservation, excavation, and remote sensing on the Citadel Mound. The recently discovered South Gate appears to have been in use for over 1,200 years, from the ninth century BCE to the fourth century CE, and with an approach road nearly 100 m long. New excavations in the Mosaic Building Complex, first unearthed in the 1950s and dated at that time to the late fifth century BCE (Persian period), have demonstrated that it was actually constructed a century and a half earlier (ca. 575 BCE) and reconstructed after Gordion came under Persian control. The discoveries within the complex include a stone omphalos and two gilded ivory sphinxes that probably adorned a throne. The Mosaic Building may also have housed the cart with the Gordian Knot cut by Alexander in 333 BCE. The eighth-century Tumulus 52 included more than 3,000 amber beads imported from the Baltic, and the decedent may have been a member of Midas’ family. Gordion was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage Site List in 2023, the 20th site in Türkiye to be so honored.</p> </div> <div class="mobile-feature-image d-none"> <div class="flex-auto w-full md:w-1/3 order-first md:order-none"> <a href="https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Rose_report.png" class="foobox"> <img src="https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Rose_report.png" alt="Juniper beams in the rubble packing at the South Gate, deposited in the early eighth century BCE (C.B. Rose)." /> </a> <p class="image-caption"> Juniper beams in the rubble packing at the South Gate, deposited in the early eighth century BCE (C.B. Rose). </p> </div> </div> <div class="malt"><p>More articles like this:</p><a href="https://ajaonline.org/tag/architecture/" target="_blank">Architecture</a> • <a href="https://ajaonline.org/tag/ironage/" target="_blank">Iron Age</a> • <a href="https://ajaonline.org/tag/warfare/" target="_blank">Warfare</a> • <a href="https://ajaonline.org/tag/excavation/" target="_blank">Excavation</a> • <a href="https://ajaonline.org/tag/cultural-heritage/" target="_blank">Cultural Heritage</a> • <a href="https://ajaonline.org/region/turkey-central-turkey/" target="_blank">Turkey > Central Turkey</a></div> </div> <div class="flex-auto w-full md:w-1/3 order-first md:order-none desktop-feature-image"> <a href="https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Rose_report.png" class="foobox"> <img src="https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Rose_report.png" alt="Juniper beams in the rubble packing at the South Gate, deposited in the early eighth century BCE (C.B. Rose)." /> </a> <p class="image-caption"> Juniper beams in the rubble packing at the South Gate, deposited in the early eighth century BCE (C.B. Rose). </p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer flex flex-col w-full md:w-1/3 mt-[36px] py-[36px]"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1086/733929" target="_blank">Fieldwork at Phrygian Gordion, 2016–2023</a><p class="pauthers 88 text-[#000] text-[14px] font-semibold leading-normal">By C. Brian Rose, Gareth Darbyshire, Tuğba Gençer, and Rostyslav Oreshko</p><p><i>American Journal of Archaeology</i> Vol. 129, No. 2 (April 2025), pp. 219-256</p><p>DOI: 10.1086/733929</p><p>© 2025 Archaeological Institute of America</p> </footer> </article> </main> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer w-full bg-[#2A2A2A]" style="position:relative;overflow:hidden;"> <div id="eupdate" class="footer-inner aja-update" style="position:relative;background:transparent;"> <div class="w-full max-w-[992.65px] mx-auto grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-21 py-[61px] pl-[32px] pr-[36px] md:px-[10px] lg:gap-[100px] md:gap-[4em] gap-[2rem] " style="position:relative;background:transparent;"> <style> .aja-update::before { content:''; width:100vw; height:100%; background:linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(0,0,0,0.6) 0%, rgba(0,0,0,0.6) 100%), url(https://ajaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/footer-background-aja-update.jpg) lightgray 0 -268.596px / 113.502% 227.006% no-repeat; position:absolute; left:0; top:0; 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