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class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>The mausoleum</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_mausoleum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_madrasa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_madrasa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>The madrasa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_madrasa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_hospital" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_hospital"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>The hospital</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_hospital-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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complex</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 12 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-12" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">12 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="مجموعة السلطان المنصور قلاوون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجموعة السلطان المنصور قلاوون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8" title="কালাউন কমপ্লেক্স – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কালাউন কমপ্লেক্স" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex_of_Qalawun" title="Complex of Qalawun – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Complex of Qalawun" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grabkomplex_des_Qalawun" title="Grabkomplex des Qalawun – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Grabkomplex des Qalawun" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complejo_de_Qalawun" title="Complejo de Qalawun – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Complejo de Qalawun" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%87_%D9%88_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="مدرسه و بیمارستان منصوری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مدرسه و بیمارستان منصوری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complexe_du_Sultan_Qala%27%C3%BBn" title="Complexe du Sultan Qala'ûn – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Complexe du Sultan Qala'ûn" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%98ungiyar_Qalawun" title="Ƙungiyar Qalawun – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ƙungiyar Qalawun" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompleks_Qalawun" title="Kompleks Qalawun – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kompleks Qalawun" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%88%D9%86" title="مجموعه السلطان المنصور قلاوون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مجموعه السلطان المنصور قلاوون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complexo_Calavuno" title="Complexo Calavuno – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Complexo Calavuno" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" 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.latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Qalawun_complex&params=30.049528_N_31.260972_E_dim:200_region:EG_type:landmark_source:dewiki"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">30°02′58″N</span> <span class="longitude">31°15′39″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">30.049528°N 31.260972°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">30.049528; 31.260972</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qala%27un_Mosque&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Qala'un Mosque">Qala'un Mosque</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Pious complex in Cairo, Egypt</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #9BE89B"><span style="font-size:125%;">Funerary Complex of Sultan al-Mansur Qalawun</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Cairo,_madrasa_del_sultano_qalaun,_04.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Cairo%2C_madrasa_del_sultano_qalaun%2C_04.JPG/220px-Cairo%2C_madrasa_del_sultano_qalaun%2C_04.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="373" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Cairo%2C_madrasa_del_sultano_qalaun%2C_04.JPG/330px-Cairo%2C_madrasa_del_sultano_qalaun%2C_04.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Cairo%2C_madrasa_del_sultano_qalaun%2C_04.JPG/440px-Cairo%2C_madrasa_del_sultano_qalaun%2C_04.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2028" data-file-height="3439" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">View of Qalawun's complex on al-Muizz street.</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #9BE89B">Religion</th></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_religions_and_spiritual_traditions" title="List of religions and spiritual traditions">Affiliation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Leadership</th><td class="infobox-data">Sultan <a href="/wiki/Qalawun" title="Qalawun">al-Mansur Qalawun</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Consecration" class="mw-redirect" title="Consecration">Year consecrated</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1285</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #9BE89B">Location</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #9BE89B">Architecture</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Madrassa" class="mw-redirect" title="Madrassa">Madrassa</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mausoleum" title="Mausoleum">Mausoleum</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bimaristan" title="Bimaristan">Bimaristan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Architectural_style" title="Architectural style">Style</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mamluk_architecture" title="Mamluk architecture">Mamluk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islamic_architecture" title="Islamic architecture">Islamic architecture</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Completed</th><td class="infobox-data note">1285</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #9BE89B">Specifications</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dome" title="Dome">Dome</a>(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Minaret" title="Minaret">Minaret</a>(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Building_material" title="Building material">Materials</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Brick, stone, marble, stucco</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Qalawun complex</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مجمع قلاون</span>) is a massive pious complex in <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, built by Sultan <a href="/wiki/Qalawun" title="Qalawun">al-Mansur Qalawun</a> from 1284 to 1285. It is located at <a href="/wiki/Bayn_al-Qasrayn" title="Bayn al-Qasrayn">Bayn al-Qasrayn</a> on <a href="/wiki/Muizz_Street" class="mw-redirect" title="Muizz Street">al-Mu'izz street</a> and like many other pious complexes includes a hospital (<a href="/wiki/Bimaristan" title="Bimaristan">bimaristan</a>), a <a href="/wiki/Madrasa" title="Madrasa">madrasa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mausoleum" title="Mausoleum">mausoleum</a>. Despite controversy surrounding its construction, this building is widely regarded as one of the major monuments of <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Cairo" title="Islamic Cairo">Islamic Cairo</a> and of <a href="/wiki/Mamluk_architecture" title="Mamluk architecture">Mamluk architecture</a>, notable for the size and scope of its contributions to legal scholarship and charitable operations as well as for the richness of its architecture.<sup id="cite_ref-ONE_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ONE-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qalawun_complex&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical_context_and_background">Historical context and background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qalawun_complex&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Historical context and background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Qalawun Complex was built over the ruins of the <a href="/wiki/Fatimid_Great_Palaces" title="Fatimid Great Palaces">Fatimid Western Palace</a>, with several halls in the Palace.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It took Qalawun half a decade to construct his monument after he consolidated his rule and fought off the Mongols in Syria.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The structure is situated in the heart of Cairo, on the prestigious Bayn al-Qasrayn street, and has been a center for important Islamic religious and court ceremonies and rituals for centuries, stretching from the Mamluk dynasty through the Ottoman Empire.<sup id="cite_ref-ONE_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ONE-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This complex is one of many Mamluk buildings that made Cairo a flourishing metropolis in the 13th through 16th centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is one of many pious complexes (fully-integrated multifunctional complexes often centered around the tomb of religious figures or patrons that included <i>turbas</i> or funerary complexes<i>, <a href="/wiki/Khanqah" class="mw-redirect" title="Khanqah">khanqahs</a>,</i> and other buildings)<sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that served many purposes including exalting the patron through displays of their wealth, piety, and legitimacy.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Facade_of_Sultan_Qalawun%27s_complex_on_al-Muizz_Street.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Facade_of_Sultan_Qalawun%27s_complex_on_al-Muizz_Street.jpg/220px-Facade_of_Sultan_Qalawun%27s_complex_on_al-Muizz_Street.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Facade_of_Sultan_Qalawun%27s_complex_on_al-Muizz_Street.jpg/330px-Facade_of_Sultan_Qalawun%27s_complex_on_al-Muizz_Street.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Facade_of_Sultan_Qalawun%27s_complex_on_al-Muizz_Street.jpg 2x" data-file-width="373" data-file-height="481" /></a><figcaption>Facade of Sultan Qalawun's complex on al-Muizz Street</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Construction_and_controversy">Construction and controversy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qalawun_complex&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Construction and controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The funerary complex of Sultan al-Mansur Sayf al-Din Qalawun, including both madrasa and mausoleum reportedly took 13 months to build, and was under construction from 1284 to August 1285.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This fact is remarkable considering the size and scope of the complex. The hospital took less than six months to complete, the mausoleum and madrasa each taking about four months. The building project was supervised by emir ‘Alam al-Din Sanjar al-Shuja‘i al-Mansuri (<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">عَلَمُ الدِّينِ سَنْجَرُ الشُّجَاعِيُّ المَنْصُورِيُّ‎</span></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanised:</a></small> ʿAlam ad-Dīn Sanǧar aš-Šuǧāʿī al-Manṣūrī), whose speedy completion of this massive project through illicit methods resulted in controversy and enduring negative associations with the monument.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Al-Maqrizi" title="Al-Maqrizi">al-Maqrīzī's</a> history of Cairo's monuments, he reports that construction of the complex was completed by the forced labor of builders, passers-by in the area, and Mongol prisoners of war, all of which reportedly were subject to "brutal abuse."<sup id="cite_ref-:3_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to employing brutal labor practices, Sanjar also illegally acquired properties and forcibly evicted their inhabitants to complete the complex.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The means by which this complex was built even caused some religious scholars to call for the boycotting of such complexes.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite the controversy surrounding its construction, after its completion, the complex was considered one of the most beautiful buildings at that time, where it included a school (<i><a href="/wiki/Madrasa" title="Madrasa">madrasa</a></i>), a hospital (<i><a href="/wiki/Bimaristan" title="Bimaristan">bimaristan</a></i>) and a mausoleum, with an intricate dome.<sup id="cite_ref-ONE_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ONE-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historians claim that the columns holding the mausoleum structure were made of granite, marble, and other materials that were taken from <a href="/wiki/As-Salih_Ayyub" title="As-Salih Ayyub">al-Salih's</a> (Qalawun's master) palace and citadel in <a href="/wiki/Roda_Island" title="Roda Island">Roda Island</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The complex was built in three stages, where the Hospital was finished first, the Mausoleum and then finally the school.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Restorations">Restorations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qalawun_complex&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Restorations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following an earthquake in 1302 that destroyed many structures in Cairo, <a href="/wiki/Al-Nasir_Muhammad" title="Al-Nasir Muhammad">al-Nasir Muhammad</a>, the son and successor of Qalawun, rebuilt the complex and its minaret in a campaign to restore the damaged mosques.<sup id="cite_ref-:62_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:62-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another restoration came when <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdul-Rahman_Katkhuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdul-Rahman Katkhuda (page does not exist)">Abdul-Rahman Katkhuda</a>, created an Ottoman Sabil on the other side of the street in 1776.<sup id="cite_ref-:62_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:62-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century">19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qalawun_complex&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Architect <a href="/wiki/Pascal_Coste" title="Pascal Coste">Pascal Coste</a> used the complex as one of his sources for his book <i>Architecture arabe: ou Monuments du Kaire, mesurés et dessinés, de 1818 à 1825.</i><sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Coste worked at the complex from July 1817 as an infrastructure expert hired by Muhammad Ali.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As identified by Eva-Maria Troelenberg, Coste's drawings sought to adjust and define the angles of the structure to reimagine the building as a modernized urban space.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qalawun_complex&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overview">Overview</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qalawun_complex&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The complex consists of a tomb, madrasa, mosque, and a hospital, arranged on either side of a long, central corridor.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon entering through a slight, horseshoe-arched portal, the <a href="/wiki/Madrasa" title="Madrasa">cruciform madrasa</a> is to the left with four <a href="/wiki/Iwan" title="Iwan">iwans</a> arranged around an open court with a pool in the center.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The long passage that follows supports the <a href="/wiki/Minaret" title="Minaret">minaret</a> above and is covered in a wooden ceiling, making the monument's lighting rather dark.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mausoleum, which houses the bodies of <a href="/wiki/Qalawun" title="Qalawun">Sultan Qalawun</a> and his son, <a href="/wiki/Al-Nasir" title="Al-Nasir">al-Nasir</a>, stands on the street side of the complex between the entrance passage and the subsequent adjacent <a href="/wiki/Mosque-Madrasa_of_Sultan_Barquq" title="Mosque-Madrasa of Sultan Barquq">madrasa of Sultan Barquq</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Qibla" title="Qibla">qibla</a> wall of both the mausoleum and the prayer iwan are both next to the street. The hospital is not visible from the alley since it is located at the rear of the long passage.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Exterior">Exterior</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qalawun_complex&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Exterior"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sultan_Qalawun_Mosque_7.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Sultan_Qalawun_Mosque_7.jpg/220px-Sultan_Qalawun_Mosque_7.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Sultan_Qalawun_Mosque_7.jpg/330px-Sultan_Qalawun_Mosque_7.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Sultan_Qalawun_Mosque_7.jpg/440px-Sultan_Qalawun_Mosque_7.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4312" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>View of minaret and grilled windows from the façade</figcaption></figure> <p>The exterior structure of the Qalawun complex has many unique firsts in <a href="/wiki/Mamluk_architecture" title="Mamluk architecture">Mamluk architecture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-TWO3_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TWO3-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prayer hall of the <i>madrasa</i> projects into the street, asserting the prominence of the complex.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>madrasa's</i> three-story minaret, uniquely placed near the entrance of the building, has a papyrus cornice that harkens back to rule of the Pharaohs, serving to legitimize Mamluk rule.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 67-meter long façade of the complex displays similarities to Gothic or Crusader styles.<sup id="cite_ref-:44_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:44-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The façade was constructed using <a href="/wiki/Ashlar" title="Ashlar">ashlar</a> blocks and consists of varying sizes of <a href="/wiki/Pointed_arch_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pointed arch (architecture)">pointed-arched panels</a> that come together to enclose single windows.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building's entrance portal consists of a rounded arch that encloses a pointed arch with <i><a href="/wiki/Ablaq" title="Ablaq">ablaq</a></i>-striped <a href="/wiki/Voussoir" title="Voussoir">voussoirs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spandrel" title="Spandrel">spandrels</a> with geometric motifs, and a grilled double window with an <a href="/wiki/Oculus_(architecture)" title="Oculus (architecture)">oculus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The oculus and coupled window are elements echoed in the mausoleum's entrance portal, which is decorated with masterful <a href="/wiki/Stucco_decoration_in_Islamic_architecture" title="Stucco decoration in Islamic architecture">stucco</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The windows of this complex are open and grilled which allows prayers and Quranic recitations to be heard from the building throughout the day.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>  The façades of the madrasa and mausoleum are further connected by a gilded inscription of the complex's founder and important dates in the building's inauguration and completion.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Interior">Interior</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qalawun_complex&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Interior"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_second_most_beautiful_mausoleum_of_the_world_(after_the_Taj_Mahal)_-_The_Mausoleum_of_Sultan_Qalawun_-_The_Qalawun_complex_(14795828135).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/The_second_most_beautiful_mausoleum_of_the_world_%28after_the_Taj_Mahal%29_-_The_Mausoleum_of_Sultan_Qalawun_-_The_Qalawun_complex_%2814795828135%29.jpg/220px-The_second_most_beautiful_mausoleum_of_the_world_%28after_the_Taj_Mahal%29_-_The_Mausoleum_of_Sultan_Qalawun_-_The_Qalawun_complex_%2814795828135%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/The_second_most_beautiful_mausoleum_of_the_world_%28after_the_Taj_Mahal%29_-_The_Mausoleum_of_Sultan_Qalawun_-_The_Qalawun_complex_%2814795828135%29.jpg/330px-The_second_most_beautiful_mausoleum_of_the_world_%28after_the_Taj_Mahal%29_-_The_Mausoleum_of_Sultan_Qalawun_-_The_Qalawun_complex_%2814795828135%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/The_second_most_beautiful_mausoleum_of_the_world_%28after_the_Taj_Mahal%29_-_The_Mausoleum_of_Sultan_Qalawun_-_The_Qalawun_complex_%2814795828135%29.jpg/440px-The_second_most_beautiful_mausoleum_of_the_world_%28after_the_Taj_Mahal%29_-_The_Mausoleum_of_Sultan_Qalawun_-_The_Qalawun_complex_%2814795828135%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="4288" /></a><figcaption>Carved stucco, marble mosaic, and gilded wooden coffers in the Qalawun complex's interior.</figcaption></figure> <p>The mausoleum and madrasa are across each other in a corridor while the hospital is situated at the end of this corridor, which leads to a rectangular court.<sup id="cite_ref-:03_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several iwans exist within the complex in this courtyard and in the hospital's courtyard.<sup id="cite_ref-:03_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The walls of the interior are decorated with marble mosaic and carved stucco while the ceilings are decorated with painted and gilded wooden coffers.<sup id="cite_ref-:03_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The floors are decorated with <i><a href="/wiki/Opus_sectile" title="Opus sectile">opus sectile</a></i>, and the finely adorned mihrab is decorated with glass mosaic.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_mausoleum">The mausoleum</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qalawun_complex&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: The mausoleum"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mihrab_of_Qalawun_complex.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Mihrab_of_Qalawun_complex.jpg/220px-Mihrab_of_Qalawun_complex.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Mihrab_of_Qalawun_complex.jpg/330px-Mihrab_of_Qalawun_complex.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Mihrab_of_Qalawun_complex.jpg/440px-Mihrab_of_Qalawun_complex.jpg 2x" data-file-width="769" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Mihrab of Qalawun's mausoleum.</figcaption></figure> <p>The mausoleum houses the bodies of Sultan <a href="/wiki/Qalawun" title="Qalawun">Qalawun</a> and his son, <a href="/wiki/Al-Nasir_Muhammad" title="Al-Nasir Muhammad">al-Nasir Mohammed</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mausoleum consists of a great rectangle that includes four piers and four columns, arranged so as to form an octagon on which rests a high drum surmounted by a dome.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The axis of the mausoleum corresponds with the wide bay nearest the entrance which frames one window only and the lower part corresponds with the back of the <a href="/wiki/Mihrab" title="Mihrab">mihrab</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The columns have <a href="/wiki/Corinthian_order" title="Corinthian order">Corinthian</a> capitals and above them runs a continuous <a href="/wiki/Ogee" title="Ogee">ogee</a> molding.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A meter above the columns is a band of inscriptions dating when EmĪr Gamāl ad-Dīn Aqqūsh was named director of the Hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each pier on the southwestern side of the mausoleum is decorated to match the pier opposite of itself.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Above the columns capitals runs a <a href="/wiki/Frieze" title="Frieze">frieze</a>, divided into two bands.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lower band is decorated with vine scrolls, composed of large pentagonal leaves.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The upper band consists of a <a href="/wiki/Naskh_(script)" title="Naskh (script)">Naskhi</a> inscription in large raised letters made of stucco.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Mihrab" title="Mihrab">mihrab</a> of the mausoleum is often considered as the most lavish of its kind.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is in contrast to the mihrab of the madrasa, which is less grand in size and general aesthetics.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mihrab's horseshoe profile is flanked by the three columns made of marble.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TWO3_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TWO3-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Mausoleum of Qalawun is significant because its dome served as a ceremonial center for the investing of new emirs.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The dome became a symbol of new power, a changing of the guard, thus signifying a new center of Mamluk power, which enjoyed great prosperity from the 13th to 16th centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mausoleum's dome was demolished by the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> Governor over <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> Abdul-Rahman Katkhuda and was then rebuilt in <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_architecture" title="Ottoman architecture">Ottoman architecture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the Committee for reservation of Arab monuments built another dome to replace Abdul-Rahman Katkhuda's dome in 1908. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_madrasa">The madrasa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qalawun_complex&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: The madrasa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Qalawun-Komplex_2015-11-12s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Qalawun-Komplex_2015-11-12s.jpg/220px-Qalawun-Komplex_2015-11-12s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Qalawun-Komplex_2015-11-12s.jpg/330px-Qalawun-Komplex_2015-11-12s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Qalawun-Komplex_2015-11-12s.jpg/440px-Qalawun-Komplex_2015-11-12s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3352" data-file-height="5074" /></a><figcaption>Madrasa mihrab with naturalistic, glass and mother-of-pearl mosaic.</figcaption></figure> <p>Within the madrasa the four legal schools, or the four <a href="/wiki/Madhhabs" class="mw-redirect" title="Madhhabs">madhhabs</a> of Islamic law were regularly taught. Other teachings housed in the madrasa included the <a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">Hadith</a> and the teaching of medicine. The madrasa had two <a href="/wiki/Iwan" title="Iwan">iwans</a> and two recesses as evidenced by the accompanying <a href="/wiki/Waqf" title="Waqf">waqf</a> document. On the east side of the madrasa are three stories of student cells, the upper stories are available through a staircase.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The large courtyard of the madrasa was paved with polychrome marble.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The madrasa façade includes a continuation of the red and gold inscription found on the façade of the mausoleum.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are two tall, <a href="/wiki/Pointed_arch_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pointed arch (architecture)">pointed-arch</a> panels on each side and three smaller central arches that contain two tiers of windows.<sup id="cite_ref-:44_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:44-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The façade of the madrasa that leads to the courtyard contains a central arch divided into two stories of three consecutive arches, of which the central arch was the largest.<sup id="cite_ref-:44_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:44-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though three oculi originally existed on the façade, only one remains today.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This entire arch structure is accompanied by three stories of smaller arches on each side.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The mihrab of the madrasa has a horse-shoe arch similar to the mausoleum but is smaller and less elaborate than that of the mausoleum and its conch is marked with glass mosaics and mother-of-pearl, rather than marble mosaics. The deep red color used in the mosaics stands out.<sup id="cite_ref-TWO3_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TWO3-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mosaic contains a naturalistic and scrolling decoration unlike the mihrab of the mausoleum which features geometric mosaic.<sup id="cite_ref-:44_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:44-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The use of glass mosaics points to the Umayyad tradition as seen in the <a href="/wiki/Dome_of_the_Rock" title="Dome of the Rock">Dome of the Rock</a>; the revival of this medium during this period in Cairo serves to legitimize the Mamluk sultan's rule within an Islamic history.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_hospital">The hospital</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qalawun_complex&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: The hospital"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Though not visible from the street the hospital once stood as the most lavish and impressive hospital of its time.<sup id="cite_ref-:03_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hospital functioned for over 500 years, and was treating patients through the late Ottoman period before it was demolished in 1910.<sup id="cite_ref-:03_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hospital offered many amenities to the sick and poor in addition to medical treatment, including drugs, shelter, food, and clothing.<sup id="cite_ref-:03_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Information about production of drugs for medical treatment, research,<sup id="cite_ref-:03_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and teaching that occurred within the hospital have been gleaned from a <i>waqf</i> documents from the time.<sup id="cite_ref-:03_11-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Medieval Islamic historian <a href="/wiki/Al-Maqrizi" title="Al-Maqrizi">al-Maqrizi</a> has his own observations regarding the history of the hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-:03_11-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Maqrizi, Sultan Qalā'ūn received inspiration to build the Hospital as a result of a vow which he had taken when he was ill in the <a href="/wiki/Nur_al-Din_Bimaristan" title="Nur al-Din Bimaristan">Bimaristan of Nur ad-Din</a> in Damascus, after which vowed to copy it.<sup id="cite_ref-:03_11-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original entrance was a L-shaped corridor which divided the mausoleum from the madrasa which measured about 21 by 33 meters.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Drawings by <a href="/wiki/Pascal_Coste" title="Pascal Coste">Pascal Coste</a> between 1815 and 1825 show that the building was planned on two axes at right angles to each other.<sup id="cite_ref-:03_11-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Four <a href="/wiki/Iwan" title="Iwan">iwans</a> were located in the hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between the four <a href="/wiki/Iwan" title="Iwan">iwans</a> were rooms, some of which were sick wards, latrines, store rooms, and mortuaries.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_4-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The largest iwan was decorated with a band of stucco ornament similar to those of the mosque of Baybars and mausoleum of Mustafā Pasha.<sup id="cite_ref-:03_11-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qalawun_complex&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_mosques" title="Lists of mosques">Lists of mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_Africa" title="List of mosques in Africa">List of mosques in Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_Egypt" title="List of mosques in Egypt">List of mosques in Egypt</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qalawun_complex&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ONE-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ONE_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ONE_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ONE_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2018" class="citation book cs1">Williams, Caroline (2018). <i>Islamic Monuments in Cairo: The Practical Guide</i> (7th ed.). Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press. pp. 219–224.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islamic+Monuments+in+Cairo%3A+The+Practical+Guide&rft.place=Cairo&rft.pages=219-224&rft.edition=7th&rft.pub=The+American+University+in+Cairo+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQalawun+complex" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBehrens-Abouseif2007" class="citation book cs1">Behrens-Abouseif, Doris (2007). <i>Cairo of the Mamluks: A History of the Architecture and Its Culture</i>. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cairo+of+the+Mamluks%3A+A+History+of+the+Architecture+and+Its+Culture&rft.place=Cairo&rft.pub=The+American+University+in+Cairo+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Behrens-Abouseif&rft.aufirst=Doris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQalawun+complex" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_3-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_3-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1033633809"><i>Tomb -- Memory -- Space : Concepts of Representation in Premodern Christian and Islamic Art</i></a>. Francine Giese, Markus Thome, Anna Pawlak. Berlin: De Gruyter. 2018. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-051610-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-051610-4"><bdi>978-3-11-051610-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1033633809">1033633809</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tomb+--+Memory+--+Space+%3A+Concepts+of+Representation+in+Premodern+Christian+and+Islamic+Art.&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pub=De+Gruyter&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1033633809&rft.isbn=978-3-11-051610-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1033633809&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQalawun+complex" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:14-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:14_4-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1274120320"><i>The religious architecture of Islam</i></a>. Kathryn Blair Moore, Hasan-Uddin Khan, Abeer Hussam Eddin Allaham. Turnhout, Belgium. 2022. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-503-58935-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-503-58935-0"><bdi>978-2-503-58935-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1274120320">1274120320</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+religious+architecture+of+Islam&rft.place=Turnhout%2C+Belgium&rft.date=2022&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1274120320&rft.isbn=978-2-503-58935-0&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1274120320&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQalawun+complex" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>) CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/775065886"><i>The arts of the Mamluks in Egypt and Syria : evolution and impact</i></a>. Doris Behrens-Abouseif, University of London. School of Oriental and African Studies. Goettingen: V & R unipress. 2012. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-89971-915-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-89971-915-4"><bdi>978-3-89971-915-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/775065886">775065886</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+arts+of+the+Mamluks+in+Egypt+and+Syria+%3A+evolution+and+impact&rft.place=Goettingen&rft.pub=V+%26+R+unipress&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F775065886&rft.isbn=978-3-89971-915-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F775065886&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQalawun+complex" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Pasha, H., Mawsu'at al-'Emara wa al-Athar wa al-Funun al-Islamiya [Encyclopaedia of the Architecture, Archaeology and the Arts of Islam], Cairo, 1999.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:62-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:62_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:62_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRabbat2010" class="citation book cs1">Rabbat, Nasser O. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1021883137"><i>Mamluk history through architecture : monuments, culture and politics in medieval Egypt and Syria</i></a>. London. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78673-386-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78673-386-3"><bdi>978-1-78673-386-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1021883137">1021883137</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mamluk+history+through+architecture+%3A+monuments%2C+culture+and+politics+in+medieval+Egypt+and+Syria&rft.place=London&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1021883137&rft.isbn=978-1-78673-386-3&rft.aulast=Rabbat&rft.aufirst=Nasser+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1021883137&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQalawun+complex" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTroelenberg2015" class="citation journal cs1">Troelenberg, Eva-Maria (2015). "Drawing Knowledge, (Re-)Constructing History: Pascal Coste in Egypt". <i>International Journal of Islamic Architecture</i>. <b>2</b>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Islamic+Architecture&rft.atitle=Drawing+Knowledge%2C+%28Re-%29Constructing+History%3A+Pascal+Coste+in+Egypt&rft.volume=2&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Troelenberg&rft.aufirst=Eva-Maria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQalawun+complex" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TWO3-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TWO3_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TWO3_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TWO3_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Doris Behrens-Abouseif: Cairo of the Mamluks. London 2007 pag. 132–142, ISBN 978-1-84511-549-4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:44-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:44_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:44_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:44_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:44_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCreswell1952–59" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-year-range-abbreviated">Creswell, K. A. C. (1952–59). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/43556580"><i>A bibliography of the Muslim architecture of Egypt</i></a>. Institut Francais d'Archéologie Orientale. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/43556580">43556580</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+bibliography+of+the+Muslim+architecture+of+Egypt.&rft.pub=Institut+Francais+d%27Arch%C3%A9ologie+Orientale&rft.date=1952%2F1959&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F43556580&rft.aulast=Creswell&rft.aufirst=K.+A.+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F43556580&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQalawun+complex" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:03-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:03_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03_11-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03_11-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03_11-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03_11-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03_11-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03_11-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03_11-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBehrens-Abouseif2007" class="citation book cs1">Behrens-Abouseif, Doris (2007). <i>Cairo of the Mamluks: A History of the Architecture and Its Culture</i>. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cairo+of+the+Mamluks%3A+A+History+of+the+Architecture+and+Its+Culture&rft.place=Cairo&rft.pub=The+American+University+in+Cairo+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Behrens-Abouseif&rft.aufirst=Doris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQalawun+complex" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKenney1963" class="citation book cs1">Kenney, Ellen V. (1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/301948969"><i>Power and patronage in medieval Syria : the architecture and urban works of Tankiz al-Nāṣirī</i></a>. Middle East Documentation Center. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9708199-4-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9708199-4-9"><bdi>978-0-9708199-4-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/301948969">301948969</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Power+and+patronage+in+medieval+Syria+%3A+the+architecture+and+urban+works+of+Tankiz+al-N%C4%81%E1%B9%A3ir%C4%AB&rft.pub=Middle+East+Documentation+Center&rft.date=1963&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F301948969&rft.isbn=978-0-9708199-4-9&rft.aulast=Kenney&rft.aufirst=Ellen+V.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F301948969&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AQalawun+complex" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/IslamSymbol-white.svg/30px-IslamSymbol-white.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="213" data-file-height="213" /></a></span>  <a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_Egypt" title="List of mosques in Egypt"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Mosques</span></a> in <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Egypt</span></a>  <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Egypt.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/15px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/30px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alexandria" title="Alexandria"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Alexandria</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_al-Abbas_al-Mursi_Mosque" title="Abu al-Abbas al-Mursi Mosque">Abu al-Abbas al-Mursi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attarine_Mosque" title="Attarine Mosque">Attarine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_Cairo" title="List of mosques in Cairo"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Cairo and<br /> Greater Cairo</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Abu_al-Dhahab" title="Mosque of Abu al-Dhahab">Abu al-Dhahab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_al-%27Ila_Mosque" title="Abu al-'Ila Mosque">Abu al-'Ila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Ashraf_Mosque" title="Al-Ashraf Mosque">Al-Ashraf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Azhar_Mosque" title="Al-Azhar Mosque">Al-Azhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Burdayni_Mosque" title="Al-Burdayni Mosque">Al-Burdayni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Fath_Mosque" title="Al-Fath Mosque">Al-Fath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hakim_Mosque" title="Al-Hakim Mosque">Al-Hakim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hussein_Mosque" title="Al-Hussein Mosque">Al-Hussein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Mahmoudia_Mosque" title="Al-Mahmoudia Mosque">Al-Mahmoudia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Nasir_Muhammad_Mosque" title="Al-Nasir Muhammad Mosque">Al-Nasir Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Nour_Mosque_(Cairo)" title="Al-Nour Mosque (Cairo)">Al-Nour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Rahman_al-Rahim_Mosque" title="Al-Rahman al-Rahim Mosque">Al-Rahman al-Rahim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Rifa%27i_Mosque" title="Al-Rifa'i Mosque">Al-Rifa'i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Salih_Tala%27i_Mosque" title="Al-Salih Tala'i Mosque">Al-Salih Tala'i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Sayeda_Nafeesah_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Sayeda Nafeesah Mosque">Al-Sayeda Nafeesah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayyidah_Zainab_Mosque,_Cairo" title="Sayyidah Zainab Mosque, Cairo">Al-Sayyidah Zainab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_al-Zahir_Baybars" title="Mosque of al-Zahir Baybars">al-Zahir Baybars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Amir_al-Maridani" title="Mosque of Amir al-Maridani">Amir al-Maridani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa_of_Sarghatmish" title="Madrasa of Sarghatmish">Amir al-Sayf Sarghatmish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Jamal_al-Din_al-Ustadar_Mosque" title="Amir Jamal al-Din al-Ustadar Mosque">Amir Jamal al-Din al-Ustadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Qijmas_al-Ishaqi_Mosque" title="Amir Qijmas al-Ishaqi Mosque">Amir Qijmas al-Ishaqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Amr_ibn_al-As" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosque of Amr ibn al-As">Amr ibn al-As</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqmar_Mosque" title="Aqmar Mosque">Aqmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqsunqur_Mosque" title="Aqsunqur Mosque">Aqsunqur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Aslam_al-Silahdar" title="Mosque of Aslam al-Silahdar">Aslam al-Silahdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demerdash_Mosque" title="Demerdash Mosque">Demerdash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanqah_of_Faraj_ibn_Barquq" title="Khanqah of Faraj ibn Barquq">Faraj ibn Barquq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser_Mosque" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser Mosque">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Ibn_Tulun" title="Mosque of Ibn Tulun">Ibn Tulun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%99s_Islamic_Cultural_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Egypt’s Islamic Cultural Center">Islamic Cultural Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jami_al-Qarafa_Mosque" title="Jami al-Qarafa Mosque">Jami al-Qarafa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juyushi_Mosque" title="Juyushi Mosque">Juyushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_and_Khanqah_of_Shaykhu" title="Mosque and Khanqah of Shaykhu">Khanqah of Shaykhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Khayrbak_Funerary_Complex" title="Amir Khayrbak Funerary Complex">Khayrbak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Khushqadam_el-Ahmadi" title="Mosque of Khushqadam el-Ahmadi">Khushqadam el-Ahmadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lulua_Mosque" title="Lulua Mosque">Lulua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmud_al-Kurdi_Mosque" title="Mahmud al-Kurdi Mosque">Mahmud al-Kurdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Muhammad_Ali" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosque of Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Qalawun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Qani-Bay" title="Mosque of Qani-Bay">Qani-Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Qanibay_al-Muhammadi" title="Mosque of Qanibay al-Muhammadi">Qanibay al-Muhammadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Qaytbay_(Qal%27at_al-Kabsh)" title="Mosque of Qaytbay (Qal'at al-Kabsh)">Qaytbay (Qal'at al-Kabsh)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabaa_al-Adawiya_Mosque" title="Rabaa al-Adawiya Mosque">Rabaa al-Adawiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayeda_Aisha_Mosque" title="Sayeda Aisha Mosque">Sayeda Aisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinan_Pasha_Mosque_(Cairo)" title="Sinan Pasha Mosque (Cairo)">Sinan Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque-Sabil_of_Sulayman_Agha_al-Silahdar" title="Mosque-Sabil of Sulayman Agha al-Silahdar">Sulayman Agha al-Silahdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulayman_Pasha_Mosque" title="Sulayman Pasha Mosque">Sulayman Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complex_of_Sultan_al-Ashraf_Qaytbay" class="mw-redirect" title="Complex of Sultan al-Ashraf Qaytbay">Sultan al-Ashraf Qaytbay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_al-Ghuri_Complex" title="Sultan al-Ghuri Complex">Sultan al-Ghuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Sultan_al-Muayyad" title="Mosque of Sultan al-Muayyad">Sultan al-Muayyad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque-Madrasa_of_Sultan_Barquq" title="Mosque-Madrasa of Sultan Barquq">Sultan Barquq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanqah-Mausoleum_of_Sultan_Barsbay" title="Khanqah-Mausoleum of Sultan Barsbay">Sultan Barsbay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque-Madrasa_of_Sultan_Hasan" title="Mosque-Madrasa of Sultan Hasan">Sultan Hasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Taghribirdi" title="Mosque of Taghribirdi">Taghribirdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Ulmas_al-Hajib" title="Mosque of Ulmas al-Hajib">Ulmas al-Hajib</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%">Elsewhere in Egypt</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Fattah_al-Aleem_Mosque" title="Al-Fattah al-Aleem Mosque">Al-Fattah al-Aleem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Haggag_Mosque" title="Abu Haggag Mosque">Abu Haggag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_al-Badawi_Mosque" title="Ahmad al-Badawi Mosque">Ahmad al-Badawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El-Tabia_Mosque" title="El-Tabia Mosque">El-Tabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_El_Desouki_Mosque" title="Ibrahim El Desouki Mosque">Ibrahim El Desouki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidi_Arif_Mosque" title="Sidi Arif Mosque">Sidi Arif</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mosques_in_Egypt" title="Category:Mosques in Egypt"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Category</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Egypt" title="Islam in Egypt"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Islam in Egypt</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mosques_by_country" title="Category:Mosques by country"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Mosques by country</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Mausoleums_in_Egypt" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#E3DAC9;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mausoleums_in_Egypt" title="Template:Mausoleums in Egypt"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mausoleums_in_Egypt" title="Template talk:Mausoleums in Egypt"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mausoleums_in_Egypt" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mausoleums in Egypt"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mausoleums_in_Egypt" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Mausoleums in Egypt</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Khayrbak_Funerary_Complex" title="Amir Khayrbak Funerary Complex">Amir Khayrbak Funerary Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emir_Qurqumas_Complex" title="Emir Qurqumas Complex">Emir Qurqumas Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa_of_Sarghatmish" title="Madrasa of Sarghatmish">Madrasa of Sarghatmish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashhad_of_Sayyida_Ruqayya" title="Mashhad of Sayyida Ruqayya">Mashhad of Sayyida Ruqayya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Aga_Khan" title="Mausoleum of Aga Khan">Mausoleum of Aga Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa_of_al-Nasir_Muhammad" title="Madrasa of al-Nasir Muhammad">Mausoleum of al-Nasir Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salihiyya_Madrasa" title="Salihiyya Madrasa">Madrasa-Mausoleum of as-Salih Najm ad-Din Ayyubb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hussein_Mosque" title="Al-Hussein Mosque">Mausoleum of Hussain ibn Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Imam_al-Shafi%27i" title="Mausoleum of Imam al-Shafi'i">Mausoleum of Imam al-Shafi'i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Saad_Zaghloul" title="Mausoleum of Saad Zaghloul">Mausoleum of Saad Zaghloul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayeda_Aisha_Mosque" title="Sayeda Aisha Mosque">Mausoleum of Sayyida Aisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Sayeda_Nafeesah_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Sayeda Nafeesah Mosque">Mausoleum of Sayyida Nafisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqsunqur_Mosque" title="Aqsunqur Mosque">Mausoleum of Shams ad-Din Aqsunqur</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mausoleum of Sultan Qalawun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrine_of_Imam_Shadhili" class="mw-redirect" title="Shrine of Imam Shadhili">Shrine of Imam Shadhili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complex_of_Sultan_al-Ashraf_Qaytbay" class="mw-redirect" title="Complex of Sultan al-Ashraf Qaytbay">Sultan al-Ashraf Qaytbay Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanqah_of_Faraj_ibn_Barquq" title="Khanqah of Faraj ibn Barquq">Khanqah of Faraj ibn Barquq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanqah-Mausoleum_of_Sultan_Barsbay" title="Khanqah-Mausoleum of Sultan Barsbay">Khanqah-Mausoleum of Sultan Barsbay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_al-Ghuri_Complex" title="Sultan al-Ghuri Complex">Sultan al-Ghuri Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Antony_and_Cleopatra" title="Tomb of Antony and Cleopatra">Tomb of Antony and Cleopatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Salar_and_Sangar-al-Gawli" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomb of Salar and Sangar-al-Gawli">Tomb of Salar and Sangar-al-Gawli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Abdullah_ibn_Ali_Zayn_al-Abidin" title="Mausoleum of Abdullah ibn Ali Zayn al-Abidin">Mausoleum of Abdullah ibn Ali Zayn al-Abidin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Amir_Qawsun" title="Mausoleum of Amir Qawsun">Mausoleum of Amir Qawsun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Tarabay_al-Sharifi" title="Mausoleum of Tarabay al-Sharifi">Mausoleum of Tarabay al-Sharifi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Yacoub_bin_Abd_al-Rahman" title="Mausoleum of Yacoub bin Abd al-Rahman">Mausoleum of Yacoub bin Abd al-Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa_of_Amir_Sunqur_Sa%27di" title="Madrasa of Amir Sunqur Sa'di">Mausoleum of Hasan Sadaqa (Madrasa of Sunqur Sa'di)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultaniyya_Mausoleum" title="Sultaniyya Mausoleum">Sultaniyya Mausoleum</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eagle_of_Zeus,_Ptolemaic_mint.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ancient Egypt"><img alt="Ancient Egypt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Eagle_of_Zeus%2C_Ptolemaic_mint.jpg/60px-Eagle_of_Zeus%2C_Ptolemaic_mint.jpg" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Eagle_of_Zeus%2C_Ptolemaic_mint.jpg/90px-Eagle_of_Zeus%2C_Ptolemaic_mint.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Eagle_of_Zeus%2C_Ptolemaic_mint.jpg/120px-Eagle_of_Zeus%2C_Ptolemaic_mint.jpg 2x" data-file-width="402" data-file-height="401" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Islamic_Cairo" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Islamic_Cairo" title="Template:Islamic Cairo"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Islamic_Cairo" title="Template talk:Islamic Cairo"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Islamic_Cairo" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Islamic Cairo"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Islamic_Cairo" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Cairo" title="Islamic Cairo">Islamic Cairo</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northern part</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gates_of_Cairo" class="mw-redirect" title="Gates of Cairo">Gates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bab_al-Barqiyya" title="Bab al-Barqiyya">Bab al-Barqiyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bab_al-Futuh" title="Bab al-Futuh">Bab al-Futuh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bab_al-Nasr_(Cairo)" title="Bab al-Nasr (Cairo)">Bāb al-Naşr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bab_al-Wazir" title="Bab al-Wazir">Bab al-Wazir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_el-Khalili" title="Khan el-Khalili">Gates of Khan al-Khalili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bab_Zuweila" title="Bab Zuweila">Bab Zuweila</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main streets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Mu%27izz_Street" title="Al-Mu'izz Street">al-Muizz Street (Qasabah Street)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayn_al-Qasrayn" title="Bayn al-Qasrayn">Bayn al-Qasrayn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_Cairo" title="List of mosques in Cairo">Mosques and religious structures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Azhar_Mosque" title="Al-Azhar Mosque">Al-Azhar Mosque</a> (see also <a href="/wiki/Al-Azhar_University" title="Al-Azhar University">Al-Azhar University</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hakim_Mosque" title="Al-Hakim Mosque">Al-Hakim Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hussein_Mosque" title="Al-Hussein Mosque">Al-Hussein Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Almalik_al-Jukandar" title="Mosque of Almalik al-Jukandar">Mosque of Almalik al-Jukandar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa_of_Tatar_al-Hijaziya" title="Madrasa of Tatar al-Hijaziya">Madrasa of Tatar al-Hijaziya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Salih_Tala%27i_Mosque" title="Al-Salih Tala'i Mosque">Al-Salih Tala'i Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqmar_Mosque" title="Aqmar Mosque">Aqmar Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Virgin_Mary_(Haret_Zuweila)" title="Church of the Virgin Mary (Haret Zuweila)">Church of the Virgin Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emir_Qurqumas_Complex" title="Emir Qurqumas Complex">Complex of Amir Qurqumas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complex_of_Sultan_al-Ashraf_Qaytbay" class="mw-redirect" title="Complex of Sultan al-Ashraf Qaytbay">Complex of Sultan al-Ashraf Qaytbay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Al-Ghuri_Complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultan Al-Ghuri Complex">Complex of Sultan al-Ghuri</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Complex of Sultan Qalawun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanqah_of_Baybars_II" title="Khanqah of Baybars II">Khanqah of Baybars II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanqah_of_Faraj_ibn_Barquq" title="Khanqah of Faraj ibn Barquq">Khanqah of Faraj ibn Barquq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanqah-Mausoleum_of_Sultan_Barsbay" title="Khanqah-Mausoleum of Sultan Barsbay">Khanqah-Mausoleum of Sultan Barsbay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa_of_al-Nasir_Muhammad" title="Madrasa of al-Nasir Muhammad">Madrasa of al-Nasir Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salihiyya_Madrasa" title="Salihiyya Madrasa">Madrasa-Mausoleum of as-Salih Najm ad-Din Ayyub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Abu_al-Dhahab" title="Mosque of Abu al-Dhahab">Mosque of Abu al-Dhahab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Jamal_al-Din_al-Ustadar_Mosque" title="Amir Jamal al-Din al-Ustadar Mosque">Mosque of Amir Jamal al-Din al-Ustadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Sultan_al-Muayyad" title="Mosque of Sultan al-Muayyad">Mosque of Sultan al-Muayyad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Ashraf_Mosque" title="Al-Ashraf Mosque">Mosque-Madrasa of Sultan al-Ashraf Barsbay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque-Madrasa_of_Sultan_Barquq" title="Mosque-Madrasa of Sultan Barquq">Mosque-Madrasa of Sultan Barquq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque-Sabil_of_Sulayman_Agha_al-Silahdar" title="Mosque-Sabil of Sulayman Agha al-Silahdar">Mosque-Sabil of Sulayman Agha al-Silahdar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Azhar_Park" title="Al-Azhar Park">Al-Azhar Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayt_al-Suhaymi" title="Bayt al-Suhaymi">Bayt al-Suhaymi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beshtak_Palace" title="Beshtak Palace">Beshtak Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammam_of_Sultan_Inal" title="Hammam of Sultan Inal">Hammam of Sultan Inal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_el-Khalili" title="Khan el-Khalili">Khan el-Khalili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabil-Kuttab_of_Katkhuda" class="mw-redirect" title="Sabil-Kuttab of Katkhuda">Sabil-Kuttab of Katkhuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikala_and_Sabil-Kuttab_of_Sultan_Qaytbay" title="Wikala and Sabil-Kuttab of Sultan Qaytbay">Wikala and Sabil-Kuttab of Sultan Qaytbay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikala_of_al-Ghuri" title="Wikala of al-Ghuri">Wikala of al-Ghuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikala_of_Qawsun" title="Wikala of Qawsun">Wikala of Qawsun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikala_of_Sultan_Qaytbay" title="Wikala of Sultan Qaytbay">Wikala of Sultan Qaytbay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Medieval_map_of_Cairo_revised.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Islamic Cairo map"><img alt="Islamic Cairo map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Medieval_map_of_Cairo_revised.png/130px-Medieval_map_of_Cairo_revised.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Medieval_map_of_Cairo_revised.png/195px-Medieval_map_of_Cairo_revised.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Medieval_map_of_Cairo_revised.png/260px-Medieval_map_of_Cairo_revised.png 2x" data-file-width="1336" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southern part</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main streets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salah_al-Din_Square" title="Salah al-Din Square">Salah al-Din Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saliba_Street" title="Saliba Street">Saliba Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Darb_al-Ahmar" title="Al-Darb al-Ahmar">Al-Darb al-Ahmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qasaba_of_Radwan_Bey" title="Qasaba of Radwan Bey">Qasaba of Radwan Bey (Tentmakers' Street)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mosques and religious structures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Nasir_Muhammad_Mosque" title="Al-Nasir Muhammad Mosque">Al-Nasir Muhammad Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Rifa%27i_Mosque" title="Al-Rifa'i Mosque">Al-Rifa'i Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Khayrbak_Funerary_Complex" title="Amir Khayrbak Funerary Complex">Amir Khayrbak Funerary Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqsunqur_Mosque" title="Aqsunqur Mosque">Aqsunqur Mosque (Blue Mosque)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juyushi_Mosque" title="Juyushi Mosque">Juyushi Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lulua_Mosque" title="Lulua Mosque">Lulua Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa_of_Sarghatmish" title="Madrasa of Sarghatmish">Madrasa of Sarghatmish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa_of_Umm_al-Sultan_Sha%27ban" title="Madrasa of Umm al-Sultan Sha'ban">Madrasa of Umm al-Sultan Sha'ban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa_of_Uljay_al-Yusufi" title="Madrasa of Uljay al-Yusufi">Madrasa of Uljay al-Yusufi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa_of_Amir_Sunqur_Sa%27di" title="Madrasa of Amir Sunqur Sa'di">Madrasa of Amir Sunqur Sa'di (Mausoleum of Hasan Sadaqa)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashhad_of_Sayyida_Ruqayya" title="Mashhad of Sayyida Ruqayya">Mashhad of Sayyida Ruqayya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Imam_al-Shafi%27i" title="Mausoleum of Imam al-Shafi'i">Mausoleum of Imam al-Shafi'i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Amir_Qawsun" title="Mausoleum of Amir Qawsun">Mausoleum of Amir Qawsun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mausoleum_of_Tarabay_al-Sharifi" title="Mausoleum of Tarabay al-Sharifi">Mausoleum of Tarabay al-Sharifi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_and_Khanqah_of_Shaykhu" title="Mosque and Khanqah of Shaykhu">Mosque and Khanqah of Shaykhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Amir_al-Maridani" title="Mosque of Amir al-Maridani">Mosque of Amir al-Maridani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_and_Mausoleum_of_Amir_Ahmad_al-Mihmandar" title="Mosque and Mausoleum of Amir Ahmad al-Mihmandar">Mosque and Mausoleum of Amir Ahmad al-Mihmandar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Qijmas_al-Ishaqi_Mosque" title="Amir Qijmas al-Ishaqi Mosque">Mosque of Amir Qijmas al-Ishaqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Aslam_al-Silahdar" title="Mosque of Aslam al-Silahdar">Mosque of Aslam al-Silahdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Ibn_Tulun" title="Mosque of Ibn Tulun">Mosque of Ibn Tulun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Khushqadam_el-Ahmadi" title="Mosque of Khushqadam el-Ahmadi">Mosque of Khushqadam el-Ahmadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmud_al-Kurdi_Mosque" title="Mahmud al-Kurdi Mosque">Mosque of Mahmud al-Kurdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Muhammad_Ali" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosque of Muhammad Ali">Mosque of Muhammad Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Qani-Bay" title="Mosque of Qani-Bay">Mosque of Qani-Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Qanibay_al-Muhammadi" title="Mosque of Qanibay al-Muhammadi">Mosque of Qanibay al-Muhammadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Qaytbay_(Qal%27at_al-Kabsh)" title="Mosque of Qaytbay (Qal'at al-Kabsh)">Mosque of Qaytbay (at Qal'at al-Kabsh)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulayman_Pasha_Mosque" title="Sulayman Pasha Mosque">Mosque of Sulayman Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Taghribirdi" title="Mosque of Taghribirdi">Mosque of Taghribirdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Ulmas_al-Hajib" title="Mosque of Ulmas al-Hajib">Mosque of Ulmas al-Hajib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque-Madrasa_of_Sultan_Hassan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosque-Madrasa of Sultan Hassan">Mosque-Madrasa of Sultan Hassan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayeda_Aisha_Mosque" title="Sayeda Aisha Mosque">Sayeda Aisha Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Sayeda_Nafeesah_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Sayeda Nafeesah Mosque">Sayeda Nafeesah Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayyidah_Zainab_Mosque,_Cairo" title="Sayyidah Zainab Mosque, Cairo">Sayyidah Zainab Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultaniyya_Mausoleum" title="Sultaniyya Mausoleum">Sultaniyya Mausoleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Salar_and_Sangar-al-Gawli" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomb of Salar and Sangar-al-Gawli">Tomb of Salar and Sangar-al-Gawli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Gawhara_Palace" title="Al-Gawhara Palace">Al-Gawhara Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Taz_Palace" title="Amir Taz Palace">Amir Taz Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carriage_Museum_(Egypt)" title="Carriage Museum (Egypt)">Carriage Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_National_Military_Museum" title="Egyptian National Military Museum">Egyptian National Military Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gayer-Anderson_Museum" title="Gayer-Anderson Museum">Gayer-Anderson Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Alin_Aq_Palace" title="Amir Alin Aq Palace">Amir Alin Aq Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayt_al-Razzaz_palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayt al-Razzaz palace">Bayt al-Razzaz Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayt_al-Sinnari" title="Bayt al-Sinnari">Bayt al-Sinnari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cairo_Citadel" title="Cairo Citadel">Cairo Citadel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cairo_Citadel_Aqueduct" title="Cairo Citadel Aqueduct">Cairo Citadel Aqueduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hosh_al-Basha" title="Hosh al-Basha">Hosh al-Basha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maristan_of_al-Mu%27ayyad" title="Maristan of al-Mu'ayyad">Maristan of al-Mu'ayyad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Yashbak" title="Palace of Yashbak">Palace of Yashbak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qasaba_of_Radwan_Bey" title="Qasaba of Radwan Bey">Qasaba of Radwan Bey (Tentmakers' Street)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabil-Kuttab_of_Qaytbay" title="Sabil-Kuttab of Qaytbay">Sabil-Kuttab of Qaytbay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1237010#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" 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