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<span>Workshops</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Workshops-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See 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class="mw-page-title-main">Arcosanti</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 16 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcosanti" title="Arcosanti – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Arcosanti" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcosanti" title="Arcosanti – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Arcosanti" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcosanti" title="Arcosanti – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Arcosanti" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="آرکوسانتی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آرکوسانتی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcosanti" title="Arcosanti – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Arcosanti" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcosanti" title="Arcosanti – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Arcosanti" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99" title="ארקוסנטי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארקוסנטי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B3%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3" title="アーコサンティ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アーコサンティ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Аркосанти – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Аркосанти" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Аркозанти – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аркозанти" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcosanti" title="Arcosanti – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Arcosanti" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcosanti" title="Arcosanti – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Arcosanti" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Аркосанти – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Аркосанти" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96" title="Аркосанті – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Аркосанті" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E9%AB%98%E5%B1%B1%E5%9C%B0" title="雅高山地 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="雅高山地" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkozanti" title="Arkozanti – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Arkozanti" 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<div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Arcosanti&params=34_20_33_N_112_06_02_W_region:US-AZ"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°20′33″N</span> <span class="longitude">112°06′02″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.34250°N 112.10056°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">34.34250; -112.10056</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Experimental town in Yavapai County, Arizona</div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Arcosanti&params=34_20_33_N_112_06_02_W_region:US-AZ"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°20′33″N</span> <span class="longitude">112°06′02″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.34250°N 112.10056°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">34.34250; -112.10056</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arcosanti_Cliff_View.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Arcosanti_Cliff_View.png/400px-Arcosanti_Cliff_View.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Arcosanti_Cliff_View.png/600px-Arcosanti_Cliff_View.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Arcosanti_Cliff_View.png/800px-Arcosanti_Cliff_View.png 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="2886" /></a><figcaption>View of Arcosanti from the southeast, showing buildings from Crafts III on the far left to the guestrooms in the right foreground</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:020_Arcosanti-Buildings_%26_Fall_Foliage_11-22-2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/020_Arcosanti-Buildings_%26_Fall_Foliage_11-22-2011.jpg/300px-020_Arcosanti-Buildings_%26_Fall_Foliage_11-22-2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/020_Arcosanti-Buildings_%26_Fall_Foliage_11-22-2011.jpg/450px-020_Arcosanti-Buildings_%26_Fall_Foliage_11-22-2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/020_Arcosanti-Buildings_%26_Fall_Foliage_11-22-2011.jpg/600px-020_Arcosanti-Buildings_%26_Fall_Foliage_11-22-2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2025" data-file-height="1552" /></a><figcaption>Part of the complex with fall foliage</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Arcosanti</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Planned_community" title="Planned community">experimental town</a> with a bronze <a href="/wiki/Bellfounding" title="Bellfounding">bell casting</a> business in <a href="/wiki/Yavapai_County,_Arizona" title="Yavapai County, Arizona">Yavapai County</a>, central <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>, United States, 70 mi (110 km) north of <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix</a>, at an elevation of 3,732 feet (1,138 m). Its <a href="/wiki/Arcology" title="Arcology">arcology</a> concept was proposed by Italian-American architect <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Soleri" title="Paolo Soleri">Paolo Soleri</a> (1919–2013). He began construction in 1970 to demonstrate how urban conditions could be improved while minimizing the destructive impact on the Earth. He taught and influenced generations of architects and urban designers who studied and worked with him there to build the proposed town. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arcosanti&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The goal of Arcosanti is to explore the concept of <a href="/wiki/Arcology" title="Arcology">arcology</a>, which combines <a href="/wiki/Architecture" title="Architecture">architecture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ecology" title="Ecology">ecology</a>. The project has the goals of combining the social interaction and accessibility of an urban environment with sound environmental principles, such as minimal resource use and access to the natural environment.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The project has been building an experimental town on 25 acres (10 ha) of a 4,060-acre (1,640 ha) land preserve, 860 acres (350 hectares) of which are owned by the Cosanti Foundation, with the remainder leased from the state. </p><p>Ground was broken in 1970 to begin construction on the site and has continued at a varying pace through the present.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most recently completed building was finished in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The population has varied between 50 and 150 people, many of them students and volunteers. The goal was for Arcosanti to house a population of 5,000 people.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thirteen major structures were built on the site, some several stories tall. One master plan, designed in 2001, envisioned a massive complex, called "Arcosanti 5000", that would dwarf the current buildings. </p><p>Many features are particular to the design and construction of Arcosanti. For example, tilt-up concrete panels are cast in a bed of <a href="/wiki/Silt" title="Silt">silt</a> acquired from the surrounding area, giving the concrete a unique texture and color that helps it blend with the landscape. Many panels were cast with embedded art. Most buildings are oriented southward to capture the sun's light and heat – roof designs admit the maximal amount of sunlight in the winter and a minimal amount during the summer. The structure built to shelter bronze casting is built in the form of an apse, a quarter-sphere or <a href="/wiki/Semi-dome" title="Semi-dome">semi-dome</a>. The layout of all the buildings is intricate and organic, rather than the grid typical of most U.S. cities, with the goals of maximal accessibility to all elements, a combination of increased social interaction and bonds, together with privacy for the residents.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Not all of the grounds are wheelchair accessible. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Cafe_at_Arcosanti.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/The_Cafe_at_Arcosanti.jpg/300px-The_Cafe_at_Arcosanti.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/The_Cafe_at_Arcosanti.jpg/450px-The_Cafe_at_Arcosanti.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/The_Cafe_at_Arcosanti.jpg/600px-The_Cafe_at_Arcosanti.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>The cafe's dining area, two stories below the Arcosanti Visitors' Center and Gallery</figcaption></figure> <p>Existing structures at Arcosanti are meant to begin to provide for the complete needs of a community. They include: a five-story visitors' center/cafe/gift shop; a <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a>-<a href="/wiki/Casting_(metalworking)" class="mw-redirect" title="Casting (metalworking)">casting</a> <a href="/wiki/Apse" title="Apse">apse</a>; a ceramics apse; two large <a href="/wiki/Barrel_vault" title="Barrel vault">barrel vaults</a>; a ring of apartment residences and quasi-public spaces around an outdoor <a href="/wiki/Amphitheater" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphitheater">amphitheater</a>; a community <a href="/wiki/Swimming_pool" title="Swimming pool">swimming pool</a>; an office complex, above which is an apartment that was originally Soleri's suite. A two-bedroom "Sky Suite" occupies the highest point in the complex; it, as well as a set of rooms below the pool, is available to overnight guests. Most of the buildings have accessible roofs. </p><p>Arcosanti has a Camp area, built by and for the original construction crew. It is used today as housing for approximately one fourth of the Arcosanti population. Camp has a small <a href="/wiki/Greenhouse" title="Greenhouse">greenhouse</a>, with easy access to gardens and large agricultural fields that, as of March 2017, were not being cultivated. Terraced greenhouses are planned along the slope of the main building site for winter plant and garden space, and to collect heat to distribute through the buildings. </p><p>Arcosanti was conceived of and remains primarily an education center, with students from around the world visiting to attend workshops, classes, and to assist with the continuing construction. Forty thousand tourists visit yearly.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tourists can take a guided tour of the site or stay overnight in guest accommodations.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Some Arcosanti funding comes from sales of bells made and cast from clay and bronze on site. Additional funding comes from donations and fees for workshops. Much of the present construction at Arcosanti has been done by workshop participants and volunteers.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The average salary at Arcosanti for much of its history was barely above minimum wage.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Workshops">Workshops</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arcosanti&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Workshops"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cosanti_Work_Room.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Cosanti_Work_Room.jpg/300px-Cosanti_Work_Room.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Cosanti_Work_Room.jpg/450px-Cosanti_Work_Room.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Cosanti_Work_Room.jpg/600px-Cosanti_Work_Room.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>A work room</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:022_Arcosanti-Ceramics_Apse_11-22-2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/022_Arcosanti-Ceramics_Apse_11-22-2011.jpg/300px-022_Arcosanti-Ceramics_Apse_11-22-2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/022_Arcosanti-Ceramics_Apse_11-22-2011.jpg/450px-022_Arcosanti-Ceramics_Apse_11-22-2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/022_Arcosanti-Ceramics_Apse_11-22-2011.jpg/600px-022_Arcosanti-Ceramics_Apse_11-22-2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2025" data-file-height="1215" /></a><figcaption>The Ceramics Apse</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arcosanti_vaults_04.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Arcosanti_vaults_04.jpg/300px-Arcosanti_vaults_04.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Arcosanti_vaults_04.jpg/450px-Arcosanti_vaults_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Arcosanti_vaults_04.jpg/600px-Arcosanti_vaults_04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4667" data-file-height="3033" /></a><figcaption>The Vaults</figcaption></figure> <p>Starting in 1970, participants have come to help build Arcosanti by enrolling in workshops.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the traditional five- or six-week workshop, they attend lectures about Paolo Soleri and the principles of Arcology design while gaining hands-on learning experience by aiding construction. Although the program attracts many who are interested in art, crafts, architecture and urban planning, it is also pertinent to those interested in philosophy, sociology, science, and agriculture.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Today, workshops are shorter in duration, one week or less, and focus on learning, including experiential learning. Workshops are offered in glass blowing, siltcasting, photography and other hands-on activities.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2023, more than 8,000 participants had aided in the construction through participation in five-week workshops.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arcosanti&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1956: Paolo and Colly Soleri purchased the land in Paradise Valley, Arizona, upon which the <a href="/wiki/Cosanti" title="Cosanti">Cosanti</a> studios were built. Their first official activities began there in 1959.</li> <li>1969: Arcosanti – Soleri coined the term "Arcology" to describe his designs for ecologically sound human habitats, as elaborated in <i>The City in the Image of Man,</i> published by MIT Press to accompany a 1970 exhibition of the same name at the <a href="/wiki/Corcoran_Gallery" class="mw-redirect" title="Corcoran Gallery">Corcoran Gallery</a> in Washington, DC. The book develops the concept of Arcology and its design variations for different settings. Arcosanti, introduced as the last (30th) example of this exercise, was originally planned to house a relatively small population of 1,500 people. The physical construction of Arcosanti began in 1970.</li> <li>1975–1977: Two Suns Arcosanti – The <a href="/wiki/Xerox_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Xerox Corporation">Xerox Corporation</a> sponsored a major Soleri exhibition, featuring a series of new arcology designs that suggested a sustainable urban habitat employing alternative energy sources. The project was called <i>Two Suns Arcology: The Cities Energized by the Sun.</i> The Arcosanti master plan went through a major overhaul reflecting this methodology. In the following year, Plant Show venues gave Soleri additional funding to update the Arcosanti design. The projected population was increased to 5,000.</li> <li>1978: During a festival held at the site on 7 October,<sup id="cite_ref-Music_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Music-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a grass fire ignited in the area being used as a parking lot and over 180 cars were damaged or destroyed.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This had the practical effect of ending the possibility of future music festivals at the site, due to the massive cost in damage payouts.<sup id="cite_ref-Music_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Music-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1980: Critical Mass – Ten years into the construction of the first prototype arcology, a developmental adjustment was made to gain momentum for the project. The Critical Mass concept was introduced as an incremental phase to house 10 percent of the projected population of 5,000. A series of small-scale structures, providing various amenities, were designed to support a viable community. This was intended to support the next major step, the completion of Arcosanti.</li> <li>1988: Nightfall – The science fiction film <i><a href="/wiki/Nightfall_(1988_film)" title="Nightfall (1988 film)">Nightfall</a></i> was filmed at Arcosanti. Residents served as extras.</li> <li>2001: Arcosanti 5000 – Developed from the Super Critical Mass in "Arcosanti 2000", with the design elements of "Nudging Space Arcology" added, Arcosanti 5000 features seven phases of truncated super-apse structures. It re-establishes the macro nature of this prototype arcology for 5,000 people. This design is in development, awaiting architectural and structural resolutions.</li> <li>2009: Paolo Soleri's 90th Birthday Celebration and Alumni Reunion – Paolo Soleri celebrated his 90th birthday at Arcosanti, joined by 300 alumni and guests for the occasion. The official schedule started on June 19; this first day was devoted to alumni. Ongoing events included Kundalini yoga, a morning bell-carving workshop, a silent auction, and an exhibition with the newest renderings of Critical Mass. The festivities continued into the night with a bronze pour in the Foundry, followed by a techno party in the Vaults, and performances on a stage in the Ceramics Apse.<sup id="cite_ref-Paolo's_90th_Bronze_Pour_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paolo's_90th_Bronze_Pour-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>The birthday celebration for Soleri resumed on Saturday with attendees partaking in a gargantuan "frugal soup" gathering in the Vaults.<sup id="cite_ref-Paolo's_90th_Frugal_Soup_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paolo's_90th_Frugal_Soup-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Documentary film maker Geoffrey Madeja presented a short video. Tomiaki Tamura followed with a visual presentation of Paolo's life and work and a pictograph especially choreographed for Soleri. The final performance of the night was hosted by Flam Chen, in a series of acrobatics involving dazzling fire, lights, and extreme heights.<sup id="cite_ref-Paolo's_90th_Flam_Chen_Performance_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paolo's_90th_Flam_Chen_Performance-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Paolo's_90th_Flam_Chen_Performance_pt2_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paolo's_90th_Flam_Chen_Performance_pt2-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2011: On July 14, 2011, the Cosanti Foundation announced that its founder Soleri had retired as its President and CEO. "There are other things that I want to accomplish," said the 92-year-old Soleri. "I am ready to leave the management of the Foundation and its primary project – the urban laboratory Arcosanti – to the next generation." That generation was to be led by Boston architect <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeff_Stein_(architect)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeff Stein (architect) (page does not exist)">Jeff Stein</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_Institute_of_Architects" title="American Institute of Architects">AIA</a>. Stein's proposals for Arcosanti began with: a half-dozen new apartment buildings; a canopy for the amphitheater; a renovated commercial bakery; and a storage unit for Paolo Soleri's collection of architectural models.</li> <li>2021: Elizabeth Martin-Malikian became the CEO of the Cosanti Foundation. She commented at the time that "Phoenix and Arizona are at the epicenter of climate change, and global studies are a big focus. There is potential to provide forums and host educational conferences on site and we are already working on that."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Arcosanti operates under aegis of the Cosanti Foundation, a non-profit 501(c)(3) organization. Arcosanti is the home of the bell-making enterprise of Cosanti Originals, which sells Soleri's sculptural wind bells to support the greater architectural project. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Arcosanti_at_golden_hour.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/2021_Arcosanti_at_golden_hour.jpg/425px-2021_Arcosanti_at_golden_hour.jpg" decoding="async" width="425" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/2021_Arcosanti_at_golden_hour.jpg/638px-2021_Arcosanti_at_golden_hour.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/2021_Arcosanti_at_golden_hour.jpg/850px-2021_Arcosanti_at_golden_hour.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5151" data-file-height="2135" /></a><figcaption>Arcosanti at the <a href="/wiki/Golden_hour_(photography)" title="Golden hour (photography)">golden hour</a>: The Vaults (left) and the Crafts III building (right), with the Ceramics Apse hidden between them.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arcosanti&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Over six years in the making, the (2013) feature-length documentary film on the life of Paolo Soleri and the birth of Arcosanti, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Vision_of_Paolo_Soleri:_Prophet_in_the_Desert" title="The Vision of Paolo Soleri: Prophet in the Desert">The Vision of Paolo Soleri: Prophet in the Desert</a></i> (2012) features on-camera interviews with journalist <a href="/wiki/Morley_Safer" title="Morley Safer">Morley Safer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Will_Wright_(game_designer)" title="Will Wright (game designer)">Will Wright</a>, architectural critic <a href="/wiki/Paul_Goldberger" title="Paul Goldberger">Paul Goldberger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Hardwicke" title="Catherine Hardwicke">Catherine Hardwicke</a>, <a href="/wiki/Will_Bruder" title="Will Bruder">Will Bruder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean-Michel_Cousteau" title="Jean-Michel Cousteau">Jean-Michel Cousteau</a>, architect <a href="/wiki/Steven_Holl" title="Steven Holl">Steven Holl</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Eric_Lloyd_Wright" title="Eric Lloyd Wright">Eric Lloyd Wright</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-documentary_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-documentary-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In February 2022, Arizona hip-hop group <a href="/wiki/Injury_Reserve" title="Injury Reserve">Injury Reserve</a> released a music video for their song "Outside", shot on location at Arcosanti.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2022, American singer, songwriter and popstar <a href="/wiki/Olivia_Rodrigo" title="Olivia Rodrigo">Olivia Rodrigo</a> recorded a live version of her song "Favourite Crime" from her debut album <a href="/wiki/Sour_(album)" title="Sour (album)">Sour</a> in the Apse for her film <a href="/wiki/Olivia_Rodrigo:_Driving_Home_2_U" title="Olivia Rodrigo: Driving Home 2 U">Driving Home 2 U</a>, released on <a href="/wiki/Disney%2B" title="Disney+">Disney+</a> on March 25, 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arcosanti&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Soleri_Amphitheater" title="Paolo Soleri Amphitheater">Paolo Soleri Amphitheater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_city" title="Sustainable city">Sustainable city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biosphere_2" title="Biosphere 2">Biosphere 2</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arcosanti&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Vision+of+Paolo+Soleri%3A+Prophet+in+the+Desert&rft.pub=IMDb&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt2250180%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArcosanti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorcoran2022" class="citation web cs1">Corcoran, Nina (2022-02-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pitchfork.com/news/watch-injury-reserves-new-video-for-outside/">"Watch Injury Reserve's New Video for "Outside"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Pitchfork</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-08-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pitchfork&rft.atitle=Watch+Injury+Reserve%27s+New+Video+for+%22Outside%22&rft.date=2022-02-10&rft.aulast=Corcoran&rft.aufirst=Nina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpitchfork.com%2Fnews%2Fwatch-injury-reserves-new-video-for-outside%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArcosanti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPantoja2022" class="citation web cs1">Pantoja, Kevin (2022-03-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://screenrant.com/olivia-rodrigo-disney-plus-documentary-best-musical-performances/">"Every Musical Performance In Olivia Rodrigo: Driving Home 2 U, Ranked"</a>. <i>Screenrant</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-10-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Screenrant&rft.atitle=Every+Musical+Performance+In+Olivia+Rodrigo%3A+Driving+Home+2+U%2C+Ranked&rft.date=2022-03-29&rft.aulast=Pantoja&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscreenrant.com%2Folivia-rodrigo-disney-plus-documentary-best-musical-performances%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArcosanti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arcosanti&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Arcosanti" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Arcosanti">Arcosanti</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Arcosanti#Q637869" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Arcosanti">Arcosanti</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arcosanti.org">Official Arcosanti website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090124164441/http://arcosantiglobal.org/">Arcosanti alumni address book</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lonelyplanet.com/usa/southwest/central-arizona/sights/architecture/arcosanti">Lonely Planet Travel Guide Description of Arcosanti</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080924071440/http://knut.kumoh.ac.kr/~stevekorea/arco72frame.htm">The Arcosanti Work Song (c)1972</a></li> <li>Andrea Sachs, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/story/2008/04/18/ST2008041802218.html">"Arcosanti: A 'City' Grows Green in the Arizona Desert"</a>, <i>Washington Post</i>, April 20, 2008</li> <li>Bishop, Snowden, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110424194549/http://shade.keeptrees.com/publications/815/Love%20and%20Resolutions%20-%20Winter%202011/#page10">"The Genius of Arcology: The Sustainable Theories of Paolo Soleri</a>, <i>AZ Green Magazine</i>, February 6, 2011</li> <li>Chris Colin, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://travel.nytimes.com/2007/09/16/travel/16next.html">"Sipping From a Utopian Well in the Desert"</a>, <i>New York Times</i>, September 16, 2007</li> <li>Duncan Geere, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2011-06/21/paolo-soleri-arcologies">"Five real-world arcologies under construction"</a>, Wired.co.uk, June 21, 2011</li> <li>Tortorello, Michael, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/16/garden/an-early-eco-city-faces-the-future.html">"An Early Eco-City Faces the Future"</a>, <i>New York Times</i>, February 15, 2012</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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