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class="vector-menu-heading"> ログアウトした編集者のページ <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%9A%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%81%B8%E3%82%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%93%E3%81%9D" aria-label="編集の詳細"><span>もっと詳しく</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E8%87%AA%E5%88%86%E3%81%AE%E6%8A%95%E7%A8%BF%E8%A8%98%E9%8C%B2" title="このIPアドレスからなされた編集の一覧 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>投稿記録</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8" title="このIPアドレスからなされた編集についての議論 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>トーク</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="サイト"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目次" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目次</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">非表示</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">ページ先頭</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-VEGFファミリー" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#VEGFファミリー"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>VEGFファミリー</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-VEGFファミリー-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-遺伝子" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#遺伝子"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>遺伝子</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-遺伝子-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-機能" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#機能"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>機能</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-機能-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-悪性腫瘍におけるVEGF" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#悪性腫瘍におけるVEGF"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>悪性腫瘍におけるVEGF</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-悪性腫瘍におけるVEGF-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-VEGFを標的にした薬剤" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#VEGFを標的にした薬剤"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>VEGFを標的にした薬剤</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-VEGFを標的にした薬剤-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>VEGFを標的にした薬剤サブセクションを切り替えます</span> </button> <ul id="toc-VEGFを標的にした薬剤-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-抗VEGF抗体" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#抗VEGF抗体"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>抗VEGF抗体</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-抗VEGF抗体-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="目次の表示・非表示を切り替え" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">目次の表示・非表示を切り替え</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">血管内皮細胞増殖因子</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="特定の記事の別の言語版に移動します。利用可能な言語22件" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22の言語版</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaskul%C3%AAre_endoteel_groeifaktor" title="アフリカーンス語: Vaskulêre endoteel groeifaktor" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Vaskulêre endoteel groeifaktor" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="アフリカーンス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%85%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A" title="アラビア語: عامل النمو البطاني الوعائي" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عامل النمو البطاني الوعائي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="アラビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/VEGF" title="ボスニア語: VEGF" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="VEGF" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="ボスニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factor_de_creixement_de_l%27endoteli_vascular" title="カタロニア語: Factor de creixement de l'endoteli vascular" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Factor de creixement de l'endoteli vascular" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="カタロニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_Endothelial_Growth_Factor" title="ドイツ語: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ドイツ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_endothelial_growth_factor" title="英語: Vascular endothelial growth factor" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Vascular endothelial growth factor" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factor_de_crecimiento_endotelial_vascular" title="スペイン語: Factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="スペイン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%82%DB%8C" title="ペルシア語: فاکتور رشد اندوتلیال عروقی" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فاکتور رشد اندوتلیال عروقی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ペルシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/VEGF" title="フィンランド語: VEGF" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="VEGF" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="フィンランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facteur_de_croissance_de_l%E2%80%99endoth%C3%A9lium_vasculaire" title="フランス語: Facteur de croissance de l’endothélium vasculaire" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Facteur de croissance de l’endothélium vasculaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="フランス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factor_de_crecemento_endotelial_vascular" title="ガリシア語: Factor de crecemento endotelial vascular" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Factor de crecemento endotelial vascular" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ガリシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faktor_pertumbuhan_endotel_vaskular" title="インドネシア語: Faktor pertumbuhan endotel vaskular" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Faktor pertumbuhan endotel vaskular" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="インドネシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fattore_di_crescita_dell%27endotelio_vascolare" title="イタリア語: Fattore di crescita dell'endotelio vascolare" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fattore di crescita dell'endotelio vascolare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="イタリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czynnik_wzrostu_%C5%9Br%C3%B3db%C5%82onka_naczyniowego" title="ポーランド語: Czynnik wzrostu śródbłonka naczyniowego" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Czynnik wzrostu śródbłonka naczyniowego" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ポーランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fator_de_crescimento_do_endot%C3%A9lio_vascular" title="ポルトガル語: Fator de crescimento do endotélio vascular" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fator de crescimento do endotélio vascular" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ポルトガル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="ロシア語: Факторы роста эндотелия сосудов" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Факторы роста эндотелия сосудов" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ロシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaskularni_endotelni_faktor_rasta" title="セルボ・クロアチア語: Vaskularni endotelni faktor rasta" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vaskularni endotelni faktor rasta" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="セルボ・クロアチア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaskularni_endotelni_faktor_rasta" title="セルビア語: Vaskularni endotelni faktor rasta" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Vaskularni endotelni faktor rasta" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="セルビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaskul%C3%A4r_endotelcellstillv%C3%A4xtfaktor" title="スウェーデン語: Vaskulär endotelcellstillväxtfaktor" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vaskulär endotelcellstillväxtfaktor" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="スウェーデン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vask%C3%BCler_endotelyal_b%C3%BCy%C3%BCme_fakt%C3%B6r%C3%BC" title="トルコ語: Vasküler endotelyal büyüme faktörü" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vasküler endotelyal büyüme faktörü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="トルコ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%E1%BA%BFu_t%E1%BB%91_t%C4%83ng_tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Fng_n%E1%BB%99i_m%E1%BA%A1ch" title="ベトナム語: Yếu tố tăng trưởng nội mạch" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Yếu tố tăng trưởng nội mạch" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ベトナム語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E5%86%85%E7%9A%AE%E7%94%9F%E9%95%BF%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90" title="中国語: 血管内皮生长因子" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="血管内皮生长因子" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中国語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q29725#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="言語間リンクを編集" class="wbc-editpage">リンクを編集</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="名前空間"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E5%86%85%E7%9A%AE%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E5%A2%97%E6%AE%96%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90" title="本文を閲覧 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>ページ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88:%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E5%86%85%E7%9A%AE%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E5%A2%97%E6%AE%96%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q29725" title="関連付けられたデータリポジトリ項目へのリンク [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ウィキデータ項目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ページツール"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="表示"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">表示</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">非表示</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ja" dir="ltr"><p><b>血管内皮細胞増殖因子</b>（けっかんないひさいぼうぞうしょくいんし）は、<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%88%E7%AE%A1%E5%BD%A2%E6%88%90" title="脈管形成">脈管形成</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%9A" title="胚">胚</a>形成期に、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1" title="血管">血管</a>がないところに新たに血管がつくられること）および<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E6%96%B0%E7%94%9F" title="血管新生">血管新生</a>（既存の血管から分枝伸長して血管を形成すること）に関与する一群の<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA" title="糖タンパク質">糖タンパク</a>。英語の vascular endothelial growth factor から <b>VEGF</b>（ブイイージーエフ）と呼ばれることが多い。その他、血管内皮細胞成長因子、血管内皮増殖因子、血管内皮成長因子などと呼ばれることもある。VEGFは主に血管内皮細胞表面にある<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E5%86%85%E7%9A%AE%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E5%A2%97%E6%AE%96%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90%E5%8F%97%E5%AE%B9%E4%BD%93" title="血管内皮細胞増殖因子受容体">血管内皮細胞増殖因子受容体</a> (VEGFR) に<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89" title="リガンド">リガンド</a>として結合し、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E5%88%86%E8%A3%82" title="細胞分裂">細胞分裂</a>や遊走、分化を刺激したり、微小血管の血管透過性を亢進させたりする働きをもつが、その他<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%98%E7%90%83" title="単球">単球</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8" title="マクロファージ">マクロファージ</a>の活性化にも関与する。正常な体の血管新生に関わる他、<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%AB%E7%98%8D" title="腫瘍">腫瘍</a>の血管形成や転移など、悪性化の過程にも関与している。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/1983%E5%B9%B4" title="1983年">1983年</a>に、<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%8F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="ハーバード大学">ハーバード大学</a>のDonald R. Sengerらによってマウス<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%B9%E6%B0%B4" title="腹水">腹水</a>から血管透過性を亢進させる物質として発見され<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>、<a href="/wiki/1989%E5%B9%B4" title="1989年">1989年</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%8A%E3%83%9D%E3%83%AC%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8D%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9" title="ナポレオーネ・フェラーラ">ナポレオーネ・フェラーラ</a>らによってウシ濾胞星状細胞の培養液から45 k<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3_(%E5%8D%98%E4%BD%8D)" class="mw-redirect" title="ドルトン (単位)">Da</a>（キロダルトン）の糖タンパクとしてVEGF-Aが単離、クローニングされた<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="VEGFファミリー"><span id="VEGF.E3.83.95.E3.82.A1.E3.83.9F.E3.83.AA.E3.83.BC"></span>VEGFファミリー</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E5%86%85%E7%9A%AE%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E5%A2%97%E6%AE%96%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90&action=edit&section=1" title="節を編集: VEGFファミリー"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>脈管形成や血管新生、リンパ管新生に関与する<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%97%E6%AE%96%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="増殖因子">増殖因子</a>にはVEGF-A、VEGF-B、VEGF-C、VEGF-D、VEGF-E、PlGF（胎盤増殖因子 placental growth factor）-1、PlGF-2の7つがあり、これらはまとめて「VEGFファミリー」と呼ばれる。単にVEGFと呼んでVEGF-Aを指すこともある。さらにいくつかのVEGFファミリーメンバーは、<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AB%E3%82%BF%E3%83%8A%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%96%E3%82%B9%E3%83%97%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B7%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="オルタナティブスプライシング">オルタナティブスプライシング</a>(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_splicing" class="extiw" title="en:Alternative splicing">Alternative splicing</a>)によりいくつかの亜型が存在する。例えばVEGF-Aは、ヒトでは通常アミノ酸数が121個 (VEGF-A<sub>121</sub>)、165個 (VEGF-A<sub>165</sub>)、189個 (VEGF-A<sub>189</sub>)、206個 (VEGF-A<sub>206</sub>)の4種類が存在する<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>他、VEGF-A<sub>145</sub>、VEGF-A<sub>183</sub>といった稀な亜型も報告されている<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。VEGF-BにはVEGF-B<sub>167</sub>、VEGF-B<sub>186</sub>が知られている。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="遺伝子"><span id=".E9.81.BA.E4.BC.9D.E5.AD.90"></span>遺伝子</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E5%86%85%E7%9A%AE%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E5%A2%97%E6%AE%96%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90&action=edit&section=2" title="節を編集: 遺伝子"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>7つのVEGFファミリーメンバーはそれぞれ異なった遺伝子を持つ。ヒトVEGF-A遺伝子は6番染色体短腕 (6p12) に存在し<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>、8つの<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BD%E3%83%B3" title="エクソン">エクソン</a>からなる。ヒトVEGF-B遺伝子は11番染色体長腕 (11q13) に存在する<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。VEGF-Cは4番染色体長腕 (4q34.1-q34.3) に<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>、VEGF-DはX染色体短腕 (Xp22.31) に<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>存在する。PlGFは14番染色体長腕 (14q24-q31) に存在する<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="機能"><span id=".E6.A9.9F.E8.83.BD"></span>機能</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E5%86%85%E7%9A%AE%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E5%A2%97%E6%AE%96%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90&action=edit&section=3" title="節を編集: 機能"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>7つのVEGFファミリーメンバーはそれぞれ決まった<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E5%86%85%E7%9A%AE%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E5%A2%97%E6%AE%96%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90%E5%8F%97%E5%AE%B9%E4%BD%93" title="血管内皮細胞増殖因子受容体">VEGF受容体</a>に結合する。VEGF-AはVEGFR-2（別名KDR、マウスではFlk-1）およびVEGFR-1（別名Flt-1）に、VEGF-BとPlGF-1、PlGF-2はVEGFR1に、VEGF-CとVEGF-DはVEGFR-2およびVEGFR-3（別名Flt-4）に、VEGF-EはVEGFR2に結合する。VEGFR-2はほとんど全ての内皮細胞表面に発現しているが、VEGFR-1およびVEGFR-3は特定の一部の内皮細胞に発現しているのみである。これら内皮細胞表面の受容体にVEGFが結合すると、受容体の<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%83%86%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BC" title="プロテインキナーゼ">チロシンキナーゼ</a>が活性化して細胞内に<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%82%B0%E3%83%8A%E3%83%AB%E4%BC%9D%E9%81%94" title="シグナル伝達">シグナルが伝達</a>され、細胞の機能や構造に変化を与える。 VEGFR-2はVEGF-Aの大部分と結合して血管新生、脈管形成に働き、VEGFR-1は血管新生に関与する他、単球走化作用などに関与する。VEGFR-3はリンパ管新生に関与する<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>VEGF-A遺伝子のホモ欠損マウスまたはヘテロ欠損マウスは、脈管形成不全および心血管系の発達異常のために胎生期に死亡し<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>、VEGF-Aは胎生期の発達に必須のものである。一方VEGF-BおよびPIGF欠損マウスは胎生期の脈管形成障害や発達異常をきたさない。VEGF-C遺伝子のホモ欠損マウスは胎生期に死亡し、ヘテロ欠損マウスは出生後にリンパ管の発達異常をきたす。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="悪性腫瘍におけるVEGF"><span id=".E6.82.AA.E6.80.A7.E8.85.AB.E7.98.8D.E3.81.AB.E3.81.8A.E3.81.91.E3.82.8BVEGF"></span>悪性腫瘍におけるVEGF</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E5%86%85%E7%9A%AE%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E5%A2%97%E6%AE%96%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90&action=edit&section=4" title="節を編集: 悪性腫瘍におけるVEGF"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>腫瘍細胞や腫瘍間質は拡散による栄養だけでは不十分で壊死してしまうので、VEGFを産生して血管を腫瘍に引き込み、栄養や酸素を取り込もうとする。 VEGFの過剰発現は腫瘍の血管増生や転移と関連し、また腫瘍の進行や予後不良と相関することが、大腸癌<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>、胃癌<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>、肺癌<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>など様々な癌で報告され、VEGFを標的にした<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E6%A8%99%E7%9A%84%E6%B2%BB%E7%99%82" title="分子標的治療">分子標的治療</a>が進められている。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="VEGFを標的にした薬剤"><span id="VEGF.E3.82.92.E6.A8.99.E7.9A.84.E3.81.AB.E3.81.97.E3.81.9F.E8.96.AC.E5.89.A4"></span>VEGFを標的にした薬剤</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E5%86%85%E7%9A%AE%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E5%A2%97%E6%AE%96%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90&action=edit&section=5" title="節を編集: VEGFを標的にした薬剤"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="抗VEGF抗体"><span id=".E6.8A.97VEGF.E6.8A.97.E4.BD.93"></span>抗VEGF抗体</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E5%86%85%E7%9A%AE%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E5%A2%97%E6%AE%96%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90&action=edit&section=6" title="節を編集: 抗VEGF抗体"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%83%90%E3%82%B7%E3%83%84%E3%83%9E%E3%83%96" class="mw-redirect" title="ベバシツマブ">ベバシツマブ</a>（Bevacizumab、商品名アバスチン<sup>®</sup>）はVEGFのいずれの<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BD%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0" title="アイソフォーム">アイソフォーム</a>も認識可能な<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A2%E3%83%8E%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8A%E3%83%AB%E6%8A%97%E4%BD%93" title="モノクローナル抗体">モノクローナル抗体</a>であり、VEGFに結合してVEGFの働きを阻害する<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。日本国内では2007年に承認を受け、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%85%B8%E7%99%8C" title="大腸癌">大腸癌</a>や<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E5%B0%8F%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E8%82%BA%E7%99%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="非小細胞肺癌">非小細胞肺癌</a>の治療に用いられる。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1%E5%86%85%E7%9A%AE%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E5%A2%97%E6%AE%96%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90&action=edit&section=7" title="節を編集: 参考文献"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Senger DR, Galli SJ, Dvorak AM, et al. 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