Il Bronzino | Biography, Paintings, Style, & Facts

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class="topic-left-rail md-article-drawer position-relative d-flex border-right-sm border-left-sm open"> <div class="drawer d-flex flex-column open"> <div class="left-rail-section-content"> <div class="topic-left-rail-header text-truncate bg-gray-50 position-relative text-right d-flex align-items-center"> <div class="tlr-title px-20 py-15 text-left"> <em class="material-icons text-gray-400 d-lg-none" data-icon="toc"></em> <a class="font-serif font-weight-bold text-black link-blue" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Il-Bronzino">Il Bronzino</a> </div> <button aria-label="Close" class="js-sections-close-button btn-link btn-sm btn d-lg-none position-absolute top-0 p-10 right-0" > <em class="material-icons font-26" data-icon="close"></em> </button> </div> <div class="section-content pl-10 pr-20 pl-sm-50 pr-sm-60 pl-lg-5 pr-lg-10 pt-10 pt-lg-0 bg-gray-50 clear-catfish-ad"> <div class="toc mb-20"> <div class="font-serif font-14 font-weight-bold mx-15 mb-15 mt-20"> Table of Contents </div> <span class="toc-extra-link selected link-gray-900 mt-15"> Introduction </span> <a class="toc-extra-link link-gray-900" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Il-Bronzino/additional-info">References & Edit History</a> <a class="toc-extra-link link-gray-900" href="/facts/Il-Bronzino">Quick Facts & Related Topics</a> </div> <div class="tlr-media-slider pb-10 mb-30"> <a class="section-header link-gray-900 font-serif font-14 font-weight-bold mb-10 mx-10" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Il-Bronzino/images-videos">Images</a> <div class="slider js-slider position-relative d-inline-flex align-items-center mw-100 "> <div class="slider-container js-slider-container overflow-hidden d-flex overflow-hidden text-nowrap ml-15"> <a href="https://cdn.britannica.com/52/30252-050-6E8A4684/Portrait-of-a-Young-Man-wood-Il.jpg" data-href="/media/1/81135/22826" class="media-overlay-link d-inline-block mr-5"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/52/30252-004-25211B8C/Portrait-of-a-Young-Man-wood-Il.jpg" alt="Il Bronzino: Portrait of a Young Man" height="50" /> </a> <a href="https://cdn.britannica.com/40/159940-050-B9E4066C/Agnolo-Bronzino-Eleonora-of-Toledo-and-son-Giovanni-Uffizi-Florence.jpg" data-href="/media/1/81135/219747" class="media-overlay-link d-inline-block mr-5"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/40/159940-004-1B26E66F/Agnolo-Bronzino-Eleonora-of-Toledo-and-son-Giovanni-Uffizi-Florence.jpg" alt="Bronzino, Il: Eleonora of Toledo with Her Son Giovanni" height="50" /> </a> <a href="https://cdn.britannica.com/84/194784-050-561A8DA6/Woman-oil-panel-Her-Little-Boy-Il.jpg" data-href="/media/1/81135/238227" class="media-overlay-link d-inline-block mr-5"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/84/194784-004-4C0CC5FF/Woman-oil-panel-Her-Little-Boy-Il.jpg" alt="Bronzino, Il: A Young Woman and Her Little Boy" height="50" /> </a> </div> <button disabled 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Hompepage blog 2009, arts and entertainment, history and society" width="200" height="200" /> </a> </div> <div class="card-body ilf-content"> <a class="font-weight-semi-bold d-block mb-5 font-16 ilf-title" href="/quiz/ultimate-art-quiz" >Ultimate Art Quiz</a> </div> </div> <div class="imagelink-with-image-on-the-side card card-horizontal tlr-img-with-side-link ml-15 link-gray-900 mb-10" > <div class="position-relative card-media" style="flex: 0;"> <a class="ilf-image position-relative" href="/quiz/artists-painters-architects"> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/85/151885-131-F94726A4/Close-up-man-palette-color-mixing-paint-painting.jpg?w=200&h=200&c=crop" alt="Close-up of a palette held by a man. 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They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.</div> </a> <div data-popper-arrow></div> </div> <span class="btn btn-link editor-link p-0 qa-byline-link gtm-byline font-12 byline-contributor text-decoration-underline"> The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica</span></div> <div class="last-updated font-12 font-serif"> <a class="byline-edit-history" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Il-Bronzino/additional-info#history" rel="nofollow">Article History</a> </div></div> </div> <button class="d-flex d-lg-none btn btn-outline-blue border rounded-sm shadow-sm mobile-toc-button gtm-mobile-toc-inline-button d-none d-sm-block js-sections-inline-button module-spacing btn d-lg-none"> <em class="material-icons mr-5 ml-n10 my-n5 md-icon" data-icon="toc"></em> Table of Contents </button> <div class="d-flex d-sm-none flex-row"> <button class="d-flex d-lg-none btn btn-outline-blue border rounded-sm shadow-sm mobile-toc-button gtm-mobile-toc-inline-button js-sections-inline-button module-spacing"> <em class="material-icons mr-5 ml-n10 my-n5 md-icon" data-icon="toc"></em> Table of Contents </button> <button class="ai-ask-button btn border-2 ai-ask-button btn border-2 module-spacing btn-sm js-inline-ai-ask-button btn-outline-red-400 border-red-400 p-10 ml-5"> Ask the Chatbot a Question </button> </div> <div class="js-qf-module qf-module px-40 px-sm-20 py-15 mx-auto module-spacing font-14 bg-gray-50 rounded"> <div class="qf-title font-weight-bold font-14 mb-10 text-center"> Quick Facts</div> <div class="facts-list mt-10"> <div class=""> <div class="js-fact mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"> <dl> <dt>Original name: </dt> <dd>Agnolo di Cosimo di Mariano Tori</dd> </dl> <button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-gray-50" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"> <em class="js-content link-blue">(Show more)</em> </button> </div> </div> <div class=""> <div class="js-fact mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"> <dl> <dt>Agnolo also spelled: </dt> <dd>Agniolo</dd> </dl> <button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-gray-50" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"> <em class="js-content link-blue">(Show more)</em> </button> </div> </div> <div class=""> <div class="js-fact mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"> <dl> <dt>Born: </dt> <dd>November 17, 1503, <a href="/place/Florence">Florence</a> [Italy]</dd> </dl> <button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-gray-50" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"> <em class="js-content link-blue">(Show more)</em> </button> </div> </div> <div class=""> <div class="js-fact mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"> <dl> <dt>Died: </dt> <dd>November 23, 1572, <a href="/place/Florence">Florence</a> (aged 69)</dd> </dl> <button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-gray-50" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"> <em class="js-content link-blue">(Show more)</em> </button> </div> </div> <div class=""> <div class="js-fact mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"> <dl> <dt>Movement / Style: </dt> <dd><a href="/art/Mannerism">Mannerism</a></dd> </dl> <button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-gray-50" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"> <em class="js-content link-blue">(Show more)</em> </button> </div> <div class="text-center"> <a class="btn btn-sm btn-link p-0" href="/facts/Il-Bronzino"> See all related content </a> </div> </div> </div> </div><span class="marker before-article"></span><section data-level="1" id="ref1"><span class="marker PREMOD1 mod-inline"></span><p class="topic-paragraph"><strong><span id="ref134520"></span>Il Bronzino</strong> (born November 17, 1503, <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Florence" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">Florence</a> [Italy]—died November 23, 1572, Florence) was a Florentine painter whose polished and elegant portraits are outstanding examples of the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/art/Mannerism" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Mannerist</a> style. Classic embodiments of the courtly ideal under the Medici dukes of the mid-16th century, they influenced European court portraiture for the next century.</p><span class="marker MOD1 mod-inline"></span><span class="marker PREMOD2 mod-inline"></span><p class="topic-paragraph">Bronzino studied separately under the Florentine painters Raffaellino del Garbo and <span id="ref134521"></span><a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jacopo-da-Pontormo" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Jacopo da Pontormo</a> before beginning his career as an artist. His early work was greatly influenced by Pontormo. He adapted his master’s <a class="md-dictionary-link md-dictionary-tt-off mw" data-term="eccentric" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/eccentric" data-type="MW">eccentric</a>, expressive style (early Mannerism) to create a brilliant, precisely linear style of his own that was also partly influenced by <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Michelangelo" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Michelangelo</a> and the late works of <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Raphael-Italian-painter-and-architect" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Raphael</a>. Between 1523 and 1528, Bronzino and Pontormo <a class="md-dictionary-link md-dictionary-tt-off mw" data-term="collaborated" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/collaborated" data-type="MW">collaborated</a> on interior decorations for two Florentine churches. In 1530 Bronzino moved to Pesaro, where he briefly painted frescoes in the Villa Imperiale before returning to Florence in 1532.</p><span class="marker MOD2 mod-inline"></span><span class="marker PREMOD3 mod-inline"></span><div class="assemblies multiple medialist slider js-slider position-relative d-inline-flex align-items-center mw-100" data-type="other"><div class="slider-container js-slider-container overflow-hidden d-flex"><div class="rw-track d-flex align-items-center"><div class="position-relative rw-slide col-100 px-20 "><figure class="md-assembly m-0 mb-md-0 card card-borderless print-false" data-assembly-id="219747" data-asm-type="image"><div class="md-assembly-wrapper card-media" data-type="image"><a href="https://cdn.britannica.com/40/159940-050-B9E4066C/Agnolo-Bronzino-Eleonora-of-Toledo-and-son-Giovanni-Uffizi-Florence.jpg" class="gtm-assembly-link position-relative d-flex align-items-center justify-content-center media-overlay-link card-media" data-href="/media/1/81135/219747"><picture><source media="(min-width: 680px)" srcset="https://cdn.britannica.com/40/159940-050-B9E4066C/Agnolo-Bronzino-Eleonora-of-Toledo-and-son-Giovanni-Uffizi-Florence.jpg?w=300"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/40/159940-050-B9E4066C/Agnolo-Bronzino-Eleonora-of-Toledo-and-son-Giovanni-Uffizi-Florence.jpg?w=300" alt="Bronzino, Il: Eleonora of Toledo with Her Son Giovanni" data-width="1305" data-height="1600" loading="eager"></picture><div class="position-absolute top-10 left-10 assembly-slide-tag rounded-lg">1 of 2</div><button class="magnifying-glass btn btn-circle position-absolute shadow btn-white top-10 right-10" aria-label="Zoom in"><em class="material-icons link-blue" data-icon="zoom_in"></em></button></a></div><figcaption class="card-body"><div class="md-assembly-caption text-muted font-14 font-serif line-clamp"><span><a class="gtm-assembly-link md-assembly-title font-weight-bold d-inline font-sans-serif mr-5 media-overlay-link" href="https://cdn.britannica.com/40/159940-050-B9E4066C/Agnolo-Bronzino-Eleonora-of-Toledo-and-son-Giovanni-Uffizi-Florence.jpg" data-href="/media/1/81135/219747">Bronzino, Il: <em>Eleonora of Toledo with Her Son Giovanni</em></a><span><em>Eleonora of Toledo with Her Son Giovanni</em>, oil on canvas by Il Bronzino, <em>c.</em> 1545; in the Uffizi, Florence.</span><button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-white js-content" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"><span class="link-blue">(more)</span></button></span></div></figcaption></figure></div><div class="position-relative rw-slide col-100 px-20 "><figure class="md-assembly m-0 mb-md-0 card card-borderless print-false" data-assembly-id="238227" data-asm-type="image"><div class="md-assembly-wrapper card-media" data-type="image"><a href="https://cdn.britannica.com/84/194784-050-561A8DA6/Woman-oil-panel-Her-Little-Boy-Il.jpg" class="gtm-assembly-link position-relative d-flex align-items-center justify-content-center media-overlay-link card-media" data-href="/media/1/81135/238227"><picture><source media="(min-width: 680px)" srcset="https://cdn.britannica.com/84/194784-050-561A8DA6/Woman-oil-panel-Her-Little-Boy-Il.jpg?w=300"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/84/194784-050-561A8DA6/Woman-oil-panel-Her-Little-Boy-Il.jpg?w=300" alt="Bronzino, Il: A Young Woman and Her Little Boy" data-width="1221" data-height="1600" loading="eager"></picture><div class="position-absolute top-10 left-10 assembly-slide-tag rounded-lg">2 of 2</div><button class="magnifying-glass btn btn-circle position-absolute shadow btn-white top-10 right-10" aria-label="Zoom in"><em class="material-icons link-blue" data-icon="zoom_in"></em></button></a></div><figcaption class="card-body"><div class="md-assembly-caption text-muted font-14 font-serif line-clamp"><span><a class="gtm-assembly-link md-assembly-title font-weight-bold d-inline font-sans-serif mr-5 media-overlay-link" href="https://cdn.britannica.com/84/194784-050-561A8DA6/Woman-oil-panel-Her-Little-Boy-Il.jpg" data-href="/media/1/81135/238227">Bronzino, Il: <em>A Young Woman and Her Little Boy</em></a><span><em>A Young Woman and Her Little Boy</em>, oil on panel by Il Bronzino, <em>c.</em> 1540; in the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.</span><button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-white js-content" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"><span class="link-blue">(more)</span></button></span></div></figcaption></figure></div></div></div><button disabled="true" class="prev-button js-prev-button position-absolute btn btn-circle shadow btn-lg btn-blue-dark m-20"><span class="material-icons" data-icon="keyboard_arrow_left"></span></button><button disabled="true" class="next-button js-next-button position-absolute btn btn-circle shadow btn-lg btn-blue-dark m-20"><span class="material-icons" data-icon="keyboard_arrow_right"></span></button></div><p class="topic-paragraph">From 1539 until his death in 1572, Bronzino served as the court painter to <span id="ref134522"></span><a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Cosimo-I" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Cosimo I</a>, duke of Florence. He was engaged in a variety of commissions, including decorations for the wedding of the duke to Eleonora of Toledo (1539) as well as a Florentine chapel in her honour (1540–45). Frescoes he painted there include <em>Moses Striking the Rock</em>, <em>The Gathering of Manna</em>, and <em>St. John the Evangelist</em>. He also created mythological paintings such as <em>The Allegory of Luxury</em> (also called <em>Venus, Cupid, Folly, and Time</em>; <em>c.</em> 1544–45), which reveals his love of complex <a class="md-dictionary-link md-dictionary-tt-off eb" data-term="symbolism" href="https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/symbolism" data-type="EB">symbolism</a>, contrived poses, and clear, brilliant colours. By the 1540s he was regarded as one of the premier portrait painters in Florence. His <em><span id="ref134523"></span>Eleonora of Toledo with Her Son Giovanni</em> and <em><span id="ref1244385"></span>Portrait of a Young Girl with a Prayer Book</em> (<em>c.</em> 1545) are preeminent examples of Mannerist portraiture: emotionally inexpressive, reserved, and noncommittal yet arrestingly elegant and decorative. Bronzino’s great technical proficiency and his stylized rounding of sinuous anatomical forms are also notable. His many other portraits of the royal family include <em>Cosimo in Armour</em> (1543), <em>Giovanni with a Goldfinch</em> (1545), and <em>Cosimo at Age Thirty-Six</em> (1555–56).</p><a class="link-module shadow-sm d-block qa-quiz-module" href="/quiz/ultimate-art-quiz" data-link-module-iframe-link=""> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/74/129374-131-833AE3CF/Chalk.jpg" alt="Color pastels, colored chalk, colorful chalk. Hompepage blog 2009, arts and entertainment, history and society" class="rounded-sm mr-15" width="70" /> <div class="line-clamp clamp-5"> <div class="module-title bg-green">Britannica Quiz</div> <div class="font-weight-semi-bold mt-5">Ultimate Art Quiz</div> </div> </a><div class="one-good-fact-module"> </div><span class="marker MOD3 mod-inline"></span><span class="marker PREMOD4 mod-inline"></span><p class="topic-paragraph">Bronzino’s last Mannerist <a href="https://www.britannica.com/art/painting" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">painting</a> was <em>Noli me tangere</em> (1561). As Italian artists abandoned <a href="https://www.britannica.com/art/Mannerism" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">Mannerism</a> in the 1560s, Bronzino attempted to adjust his <a class="md-dictionary-link md-dictionary-tt-off eb" data-term="characteristic" href="https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/characteristic" data-type="EB">characteristic</a> style by adding clarity to his work. This can be seen in his final paintings, including a <em>Pietà</em> (<em>c.</em> 1569) and <em>Raising of the Daughter of Jairus</em> (<em>c.</em> 1571–72), an altarpiece.</p><span class="marker MOD4 mod-inline"></span></section> <span class="md-signature">This article was most recently revised and updated by <a href="/contributor/encyclopaedia-britannica/12989892">Encyclopaedia Britannica</a>.</span><span class="marker end-of-content"></span><span class="marker after-article"></span></div> <div id="chatbot-root"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ai-dialog-placeholder"></div> </div> </div> <aside class="col-md-da-320"></aside> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> <div id="md-footer"></div> <noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5W6NC8" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <script type="text/javascript" id="_informizely_script_tag"> var IzWidget = IzWidget || {}; (function (d) { var scriptElement = d.createElement('script'); scriptElement.type = 'text/javascript'; scriptElement.async = true; scriptElement.src = "https://insitez.blob.core.windows.net/site/f780f33e-a610-4ac2-af81-3eb184037547.js"; var node = d.getElementById('_informizely_script_tag'); node.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, node); } )(document); </script>  <script> window.ap3c = window.ap3c || {}; var ap3c = window.ap3c; ap3c.cmd = ap3c.cmd || []; ap3c.cmd.push(function() { ap3c.init('ZO4siT4cLwnykPnzZWJtd3Byb2Q', 'https://engage.email.britannica.com/'); ap3c.track({v: 0}); }); ap3c.activity = function(act) { ap3c.act = (ap3c.act || []); ap3c.act.push(act); }; var s, t; s = document.createElement('script'); s.type = 'text/javascript'; s.src = "https://engage.email.britannica.com/app.js"; t = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; t.parentNode.insertBefore(s, t); </script> <script class="marketing-page-info" type="application/json"> {"pageType":"Topic","templateName":"DESKTOP","pageNumber":1,"pagesTotal":1,"pageId":81135,"pageLength":383,"initialLoad":true,"lastPageOfScroll":false} </script> <script class="marketing-content-info" type="application/json"> [] </script> <script src="https://cdn.britannica.com/mendel-resources/3-133/js/libs/jquery-3.5.0.min.js?v=3.133.9"></script> <script type="text/javascript" data-type="Init Mendel Code Splitting"> (function() { $.ajax({ dataType: 'script', cache: true, url: 'https://cdn.britannica.com/mendel-resources/3-133/dist/topic-page.js?v=3.133.9' }); })(); </script> <script class="analytics-metadata" type="application/json"> {"leg":"A","adLeg":"A","userType":"ANONYMOUS","pageType":"Topic","pageSubtype":null,"articleTemplateType":"BIO_MEDIUM","gisted":false,"pageNumber":1,"hasSummarizeButton":false,"hasAskButton":true} </script> <script type="text/javascript"> EBStat={accountId:-1,hostnameOverride:'webstats.eb.com',domain:'www.britannica.com', json:''}; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> ( function() { $.ajax( { dataType: 'script', cache: true, url: '//www.britannica.com/webstats/mendelstats.js?v=1' } ) .done( function() { try {writeStat(null,EBStat);} catch(err){} } ); })(); </script> <div id="bc-fixed-dialogue"></div> </body> </html>

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Il Bronzino | Biography, Paintings, Style, & Facts | Britannica