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class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Gunea"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Edukiak" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Edukiak</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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</button> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Damaskoko_kalifa-herria_(661-750)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Damaskoko_kalifa-herria_(661-750)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Damaskoko kalifa-herria (661-750)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Damaskoko_kalifa-herria_(661-750)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Omeiatarrak_Al-Andalusen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Omeiatarrak_Al-Andalusen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Omeiatarrak Al-Andalusen</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Omeiatarrak_Al-Andalusen-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Erakutsi/ezkutatu Omeiatarrak Al-Andalusen azpiatal</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Omeiatarrak_Al-Andalusen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kordobako_emir-herri_independentea_(756-929)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kordobako_emir-herri_independentea_(756-929)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Kordobako emir-herri independentea (756-929)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kordobako_emir-herri_independentea_(756-929)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kordobako_Kalifa-herria_(929-1031)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kordobako_Kalifa-herria_(929-1031)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Kordobako Kalifa-herria (929-1031)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kordobako_Kalifa-herria_(929-1031)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gizarte_antolaketa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gizarte_antolaketa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Gizarte antolaketa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gizarte_antolaketa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Damaskoko_kalifen_zerrenda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Damaskoko_kalifen_zerrenda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Damaskoko kalifen zerrenda</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Damaskoko_kalifen_zerrenda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lotutako_artikuluak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lotutako_artikuluak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Lotutako artikuluak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lotutako_artikuluak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erreferentziak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erreferentziak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Erreferentziak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Erreferentziak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kanpo_estekak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kanpo_estekak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Kanpo estekak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kanpo_estekak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Edukiak" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eduki taularen ikusgarritasuna aldatu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Omeiatar Kalifa-herria</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Joan beste hizkuntza batean idatzitako artikulu batera. 82 hizkuntzatan eskuragarri." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-82" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">82 hizkuntza</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omajjadiese_Kalifaat" title="Omajjadiese Kalifaat – afrikaansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Omajjadiese Kalifaat" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaansa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الدولة الأموية – arabiera" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الدولة الأموية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9_%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="لخلافة لأموية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لخلافة لأموية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%87" title="الدوله الامويه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الدوله الامويه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Califatu_omeya" title="Califatu omeya – asturiera" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Califatu omeya" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fm%C9%99vil%C9%99r_xilaf%C9%99ti" title="Əməvilər xilafəti – azerbaijanera" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əməvilər xilafəti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%85%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B1_%D8%AE%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="اومویلر خیلافتی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اومویلر خیلافتی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%BC%D3%99%D2%AF%D0%B8%D2%99%D3%99%D1%80_%D1%85%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="Өмәүиҙәр хәлифәлеге – baxkirera" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Өмәүиҙәр хәлифәлеге" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baxkirera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Амеядскі халіфат – bielorrusiera" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Амеядскі халіфат" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Омаядски халифат – bulgariera" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Омаядски халифат" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%A4" title="উমাইয়া খিলাফত – bengalera" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উমাইয়া খিলাফত" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalifiezh_an_Omeiaded" title="Kalifiezh an Omeiaded – bretoiera" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kalifiezh an Omeiaded" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emevijski_halifat" title="Emevijski halifat – bosniera" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Emevijski halifat" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Califat_Omeia" title="Califat Omeia – katalana" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Califat Omeia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%88%DA%B5%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%85%DB%95%D9%88%DB%8C" title="دەوڵەتی ئەمەوی – erdialdeko kurduera" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەوڵەتی ئەمەوی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="erdialdeko kurduera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyade-kalifatet" title="Umayyade-kalifatet – daniera" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Umayyade-kalifatet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyaden-Kalifat" title="Umayyaden-Kalifat – alemana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Umayyaden-Kalifat" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%86%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%BF_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%9F%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%8B%CE%B1%CE%B4%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Χαλιφάτο των Ομεϋαδών – greziera" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χαλιφάτο των Ομεϋαδών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate – ingelesa" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Umayyad Caliphate" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ingelesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omajada_kaliflando" title="Omajada kaliflando – esperantoa" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Omajada kaliflando" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Califato_omeya" title="Califato omeya – gaztelania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Califato omeya" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="gaztelania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%DB%8C" title="خلافت اموی – persiera" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خلافت اموی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umaijadien_kalifaatti" title="Umaijadien kalifaatti – finlandiera" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Umaijadien kalifaatti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Califat_omeyyade" title="Califat omeyyade – frantsesa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Califat omeyyade" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="frantsesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cailifeacht_Umayyad" title="Cailifeacht Umayyad – irlandera" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cailifeacht Umayyad" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Califato_omeia" title="Califato omeia – galiziera" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Califato omeia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalifancin_Umayyawa" title="Khalifancin Umayyawa – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Khalifancin Umayyawa" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94" title="בית אומיה – hebreera" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בית אומיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%A4" title="उमय्यद ख़िलाफ़त – hindia" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उमय्यद ख़िलाफ़त" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omejidski_Kalifat" title="Omejidski Kalifat – kroaziera" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Omejidski Kalifat" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D6%86%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Օմայյան խալիֆայություն – armeniera" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օմայյան խալիֆայություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kekhalifahan_Umayyah" title="Kekhalifahan Umayyah – indonesiera" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kekhalifahan Umayyah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayada_kalifio" title="Umayada kalifio – idoa" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Umayada kalifio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="idoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ommejadar" title="Ommejadar – islandiera" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ommejadar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Califfato_omayyade" title="Califfato omayyade – italiera" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Califfato omayyade" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%83%9E%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A4%E6%9C%9D" title="ウマイヤ朝 – japoniera" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウマイヤ朝" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D" title="ომაიანთა სახალიფო – georgiera" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ომაიანთა სახალიფო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%EC%95%BC_%EC%B9%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%8C%8C%EA%B5%AD" title="우마이야 칼리파국 – koreera" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="우마이야 칼리파국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliphatus_Omayadarum" title="Caliphatus Omayadarum – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Caliphatus Omayadarum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Califia_Umaian" title="Califia Umaian – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Califia Umaian" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omejad%C5%B3_kalifatas" title="Omejadų kalifatas – lituaniera" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Omejadų kalifatas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umaj%C4%81du_kalif%C4%81ts" title="Umajādu kalifāts – letoniera" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Umajādu kalifāts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalifata_Omeiada" title="Kalifata Omeiada – malgaxea" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kalifata Omeiada" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Омејадски Калифат – mazedoniera" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Омејадски Калифат" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="mazedoniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="ഉമവി ഖിലാഫത്ത് – malabarera" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഉമവി ഖിലാഫത്ത്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%A4" title="उमय्या खिलाफत – marathera" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="उमय्या खिलाफत" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerajaan_Bani_Umaiyah" title="Kerajaan Bani Umaiyah – malaysiera" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kerajaan Bani Umaiyah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaysiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalifaat_van_de_Omajjaden" title="Kalifaat van de Omajjaden – nederlandera" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kalifaat van de Omajjaden" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omajadekalifatet" title="Omajadekalifatet – nynorsk (norvegiera)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Omajadekalifatet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk (norvegiera)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikulu nabarmenduak"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Califat_Omeia" title="Califat Omeia – okzitaniera" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Califat Omeia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okzitaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalifat_Umajjad%C3%B3w" title="Kalifat Umajjadów – poloniera" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kalifat Umajjadów" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA" title="اموی خلافت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اموی خلافت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A_%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA" title="اموي خلافت – paxtunera" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اموي خلافت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paxtunera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Califado_Om%C3%ADada" title="Califado Omíada – portugesa" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Califado Omíada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugesa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Califatul_Omeiad" title="Califatul Omeiad – errumaniera" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Califatul Omeiad" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="errumaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Омейядский халифат – errusiera" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Омейядский халифат" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="errusiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate – eskoziera" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Umayyad Caliphate" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="eskoziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%8A_%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA" title="اموي خلافت – sindhia" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اموي خلافت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omejadski_Kalifat" title="Omejadski Kalifat – serbokroaziera" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Omejadski Kalifat" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroaziera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Umayyad Caliphate" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umajjovsk%C3%BD_kalif%C3%A1t" title="Umajjovský kalifát – eslovakiera" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Umajjovský kalifát" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovakiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omajadski_kalifat" title="Omajadski kalifat – esloveniera" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Omajadski kalifat" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dowladii_Umawiyiinta" title="Dowladii Umawiyiinta – somaliera" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Dowladii Umawiyiinta" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaliera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilafeti_Emevi" title="Hilafeti Emevi – albaniera" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hilafeti Emevi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaniera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Омејадски калифат – serbiera" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Омејадски калифат" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kekhalifahan_Umayyah" title="Kekhalifahan Umayyah – sundanera" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kekhalifahan Umayyah" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyadiska_kalifatet" title="Umayyadiska kalifatet – suediera" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Umayyadiska kalifatet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suediera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="உமையா கலீபகம் – tamilera" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உமையா கலீபகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%91%D0%BD" title="Хилофати Уммавиён – tajikera" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Хилофати Уммавиён" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajikera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%8C" title="รัฐเคาะลีฟะฮ์อุมัยยะฮ์ – thailandiera" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รัฐเคาะลีฟะฮ์อุมัยยะฮ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinastiyang_Omeya" title="Dinastiyang Omeya – tagaloa" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Dinastiyang Omeya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagaloa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emev%C3%AEler" title="Emevîler – turkiera" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Emevîler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%A8%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80_%D1%85%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D3%99%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Өмәвиләр хәлифәте – tatarera" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Өмәвиләр хәлифәте" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Омеядський халіфат – ukrainera" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Омеядський халіфат" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%DB%8C%DB%81" title="خلافت امویہ – urdua" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="خلافت امویہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damashq_xalifaligi" title="Damashq xalifaligi – uzbekera" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Damashq xalifaligi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliphate_Umayyad" title="Caliphate Umayyad – vietnamera" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Caliphate Umayyad" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%80%AD%E9%A9%AC%E4%BA%9A%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="倭马亚王朝 – wu txinera" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="倭马亚王朝" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu txinera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a 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Entziklopedia askea</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eu" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: #ddd;">Omeiatar kalifa-herria<br /><small>بنو أمية<br /><i>Banu Umayyah</i></small></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;font-weight: bold;"><a href="/wiki/661" title="661">661</a> – <a href="/wiki/750" title="750">750</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;border-top: 2px solid #ddd; border-bottom: 2px solid #ddd; background-color: #eee;"><a href="/wiki/Monarkia" title="Monarkia">Monarkia</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><span> <table style="width:100%; background:none"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle" align="center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Umayyad_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Omeiatar kalifa-herriko bandera"><img alt="Omeiatar kalifa-herriko bandera" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Umayyad_Flag.svg/120px-Umayyad_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Umayyad_Flag.svg/180px-Umayyad_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Umayyad_Flag.svg/240px-Umayyad_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle" align="center"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Omeiatar kalifa-herriko armarria"><img alt="Omeiatar kalifa-herriko armarria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/73px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png" decoding="async" width="73" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/110px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg/147px-Coats_of_arms_of_None.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="125" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Umayyad750ADloc.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Umayyad750ADloc.png/280px-Umayyad750ADloc.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Umayyad750ADloc.png/420px-Umayyad750ADloc.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Umayyad750ADloc.png/560px-Umayyad750ADloc.png 2x" data-file-width="1481" data-file-height="902" /></a></span><div>Historian izandako zabalera handiena.</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: #ddd;">Geografia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 50%;"><a href="/wiki/Hiriburu_(politika)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiriburu (politika)">Hiriburua</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Damasko" title="Damasko">Damasko</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: #ddd;">Kultura</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 50%;">Hizkuntza(k)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arabiera" title="Arabiera">Arabiera</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 50%;">Erlijioa</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sunismo" title="Sunismo">Islam sunita</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background-color: #ddd;">Historia</th></tr><tr style="line-height: 110%; font-size: 90%;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 50%;">Sorrera</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/661" title="661">661</a></td></tr><tr style="line-height: 110%; font-size: 90%;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 50%;">Ezeztapena</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/750" title="750">750</a></td></tr><tr style="line-height: 110%; font-size: 90%;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 50%;">Erbestean hasiera</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/756" title="756">756</a></td></tr><tr style="line-height: 110%; font-size: 90%;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width: 50%;">Erbestean bukaera</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/1031" title="1031">1031</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><table style="width: 100%; border: none; font-size: 90%;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td style="width:50%; background: transparent; padding: 5px; text-align: left; border-right: 2px solid #eee;"><div align="center"><small><b><big>←</big> Aurrekoak</b></small></div><table style="background:none;"><tbody><tr><td style="width:20px; padding:none;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Flag_of_Afghanistan_(1880%E2%80%931901).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281880%E2%80%931901%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281880%E2%80%931901%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281880%E2%80%931901%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281880%E2%80%931901%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281880%E2%80%931901%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281880%E2%80%931901%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/wiki/Rasidar_kalifaldia" title="Rasidar kalifaldia">Rasidar kalifa-herria</a></td></tr><tr><td style="padding:none;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Flag_of_Palaeologus_Emperor_-_Libro_del_conos%C3%A7imiento_de_todos_los_rregnos.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Palaeologus_Emperor_-_Libro_del_conos%C3%A7imiento_de_todos_los_rregnos.svg/20px-Flag_of_Palaeologus_Emperor_-_Libro_del_conos%C3%A7imiento_de_todos_los_rregnos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Palaeologus_Emperor_-_Libro_del_conos%C3%A7imiento_de_todos_los_rregnos.svg/30px-Flag_of_Palaeologus_Emperor_-_Libro_del_conos%C3%A7imiento_de_todos_los_rregnos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Palaeologus_Emperor_-_Libro_del_conos%C3%A7imiento_de_todos_los_rregnos.svg/40px-Flag_of_Palaeologus_Emperor_-_Libro_del_conos%C3%A7imiento_de_todos_los_rregnos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/wiki/Bizantziar_Inperioa" title="Bizantziar Inperioa">Bizantziar inperioa</a></td></tr><tr><td style="padding:none;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Flag_of_None.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/20px-Flag_of_None.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/30px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/40px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></td><td><a href="/wiki/Bisigodo" title="Bisigodo">Bisigodoen erresuma</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td style="width:50%; background: transparent; padding: 5px; text-align: right;"><div align="center"><small><b>Ondorengoak <big>→</big></b></small></div><table style="background:none; width:100%"><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Abbastar_Kalifa-herria" title="Abbastar Kalifa-herria">Abbastar Kalifa-herria</a></td><td style="width:20px; padding:none;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Flag_of_Afghanistan_(1880%E2%80%931901).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281880%E2%80%931901%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281880%E2%80%931901%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281880%E2%80%931901%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281880%E2%80%931901%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281880%E2%80%931901%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%281880%E2%80%931901%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Kordobako_Kalifa-herria" title="Kordobako Kalifa-herria">Kordobako Kalifa-herria</a></td><td style="padding:none;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Umayyad_Flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Umayyad_Flag.svg/20px-Umayyad_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Umayyad_Flag.svg/30px-Umayyad_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Umayyad_Flag.svg/40px-Umayyad_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Omeiatar Kalifa-herria</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Arabiera" title="Arabiera">arabieraz</a>: <span lang="ar">بنو أمية‎</span>, <i>Banu Umayyah</i>) <a href="/wiki/Mahoma" title="Mahoma">Mahoma</a> hil ondoren izandako lau <a href="/wiki/Kalifa-herri" title="Kalifa-herri">kalifa-herrietatik</a> bigarrena izan zen. <a href="/wiki/Omeiatarren_dinastia" title="Omeiatarren dinastia">Omeiatarren dinastiak</a> zuzendua izan zen, leinuaren sortzailea <a href="/w/index.php?title=Umayya_ibn_Abd_Shams&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umayya ibn Abd Shams (sortu gabe)">Umayya ibn Abd Shams</a> izan zen. Omeiatarren familia <a href="/wiki/Uthman_ibn_Affan" class="mw-redirect" title="Uthman ibn Affan">Uthman ibn Affanekin</a> iritsi zen boterera (K. o 644–656), baina omeiatarren erregimena <a href="/wiki/Muawiyah_I.a" title="Muawiyah I.a">Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyanek</a> sortu zuen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musulmanen_Lehen_Gerra_Zibila&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musulmanen Lehen Gerra Zibila (sortu gabe)">Musulmanen Lehen Gerra Zibilaren</a> ondoren, 661. urtean (<a href="/wiki/Hejira" title="Hejira">Hejiraren</a> ondoko 41. urtean). </p><p>Nahiz eta omeiatarrak jatorriz <a href="/wiki/Meka" title="Meka">Mekakoak</a> izan, <a href="/wiki/Damasko" title="Damasko">Damasko</a> aukeratu zuten hiriburutzat. Hedadurarik zabalena izan zuenean (13.400.000 km<sup>2</sup>), munduko inperiorik zabalena bilakatu zen.<sup id="cite_ref-Blankinship_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blankinship-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Historia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Historia"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Omeiatarrak <a href="/wiki/Quraix" title="Quraix">Quraix</a> tribuko klan bat ziren, <a href="/wiki/Meka" title="Meka">Meka</a> hirikoak. <a href="/wiki/Mahoma" title="Mahoma">Mahoma</a> ere tribu hartakoa zen. Familiari izena eman zion arbasoa Umayya ibn Abd Shams izan zen, Mahomaren birraitona zen Hashimen iloba. </p><p>Omeiatar lehen kalifa <a href="/wiki/Uthman" title="Uthman">Uthman ibn Affan</a> izan zen. <a href="/wiki/Meka" title="Meka">Mekako</a> merkatari aberatsa zen, eta <a href="/wiki/Mahoma" title="Mahoma">Mahomaren</a> bi alabaren senarra izan zen. 644an, <a href="/wiki/Omar" title="Omar">Omar</a> kalifa hiltzean, Uthman aukeratu zuten kalifa, eta <a href="/wiki/Ondo_gidatutako_kalifak" title="Ondo gidatutako kalifak">kalifa ortodoxoetan</a> hirugarrena bihurtu zen. </p><p>Kalifa berri bat aukeratzen zen bakoitzean, <a href="/wiki/Ali_ibn_Abi_Talib" title="Ali ibn Abi Talib">Ali ibn Abi Talib</a>en jarraitzaileekin gatazka sortzen zen. Hauek uste zuten Alik izan behar zuela kalifa, Mahomaren lehengusua eta suhia zelako. Oso hurbilekoa, beraz. </p><p>Uthman 656an hil zuten, eta Ali aukeratu zuten kalifa. Hala ere, Siriako gobernadore zen <a href="/wiki/Muawiyah_I.a" title="Muawiyah I.a">Muawiyak</a> (omeiatarra hau ere) erabakiaren kontra egin zuen eta Aliren kontra armak hartu zituen. Muawiyaren esanetan Alik Uthmanen heriotzan parte hartu zuen. </p><p>Armada biak aurrez aurre topatu ziren Siffineko batailan. Alik galdu egin zuen eta <a href="/wiki/Kufa" title="Kufa">Kufara</a> (<a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a>) ihes egin zuen. Muawiyak bere burua kalifa izendatu zuen <a href="/wiki/Damasko" title="Damasko">Damaskon</a>, hiri hau inperio musulmanaren hiriburua bihurtuz.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Damaskoko_kalifa-herria_(661-750)"><span id="Damaskoko_kalifa-herria_.28661-750.29"></span>Damaskoko kalifa-herria (661-750)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Damaskoko kalifa-herria (661-750)»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Damaskoko kalifa-herria (661-750)"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Omeiatarrek amaiera eman zioten kalifa kontseilu batean aukeratzeko ohiturari, eta sistema hereditarioa bihurtu zuten. Horrela hasi zen <a href="/wiki/Omeiatarren_dinastia" title="Omeiatarren dinastia">omeiatarren dinastia</a>. </p><p>Dinastia honek konkistekin jarraitu zuen. Mendebaldean <a href="/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb">Magreba</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Iberiar_penintsula" title="Iberiar penintsula">Iberiar Penintsula</a> konkistatu zuten. Ekialdean <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> guztiz konkistatu zuten, eta <a href="/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan">Afganistan</a> edo <a href="/wiki/Txinako_Herri_Errepublika" title="Txinako Herri Errepublika">Txinara</a> ere heldu ziren.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Inperioaren barruan omeiatarrek aurkariak zituzten. Aliren jarraitzaileek aktibo jarraitzen zuten. Eta baita <a href="/wiki/Khawarij" class="mw-redirect" title="Khawarij">khawarijak</a> ere (hauek Aliren jarraitzaileengandik banatu ziren Siffiko batailan). Khawarijek <a href="/wiki/Basora" title="Basora">Basoran</a> (Irak) zeukaten indarra, eta Aliren jarraitzaileek <a href="/wiki/Kufa" title="Kufa">Kufan</a>. Aliren jarraitzaileak <a href="/wiki/Xiismo" title="Xiismo">xiita</a> bezala ezagutzen dira gaur egun. </p><p>Muawiya hiltzean, oinordekotzari buruzko gatazka berpiztu egin zen. Muawiyak bere seme <a href="/wiki/Yazid_I.a" title="Yazid I.a">Yazid</a> izendatu zuen hurrengo kalifa. Baina Aliren jarraitzaileek <a href="/wiki/Husain_ibn_Ali" title="Husain ibn Ali">Husayn</a> aukeratu zuten, Aliren seme gazteena. Yazidek suntsitu egin zituen Husayn eta haren armada txikia, Kerbalako batailan (680). </p><p>Omeiatarrek inperio zabal bat antolatu behar izan zuten. Inperio hartan gehiengoa ez zer <a href="/wiki/Arabiar" title="Arabiar">arabiarra</a>, ezta <a href="/wiki/Musulman" title="Musulman">musulmana</a> ere. Omeiatarrak erregeak izan ziren batez ere. Hau da, politikaz arduratu ziren gehien bat, eta ez erlijio kontuez (kalifei zegokien bezala).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ez zuten bultzatu islamizazioa, hau da, inperioko biztanleak musulman bihurtzea. Izan ere, <a href="/wiki/Kristau" title="Kristau">kristauek</a> eta <a href="/wiki/Judu" title="Judu">juduek</a> ordaintzen zituzten zergak diru-sarrera garrantzitsua ziren estatuarentzat. Horregatik, haien etsaiek uste zuten omeiatarrak musulman txarrak zirela. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Umayyad_Mosque,_Damascus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Umayyad_Mosque%2C_Damascus.jpg/220px-Umayyad_Mosque%2C_Damascus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Umayyad_Mosque%2C_Damascus.jpg/330px-Umayyad_Mosque%2C_Damascus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Umayyad_Mosque%2C_Damascus.jpg/440px-Umayyad_Mosque%2C_Damascus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3056" data-file-height="2054" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Omeiatarren_meskita" title="Omeiatarren meskita">Omeiatarren meskita</a>, Damaskon</figcaption></figure> <p>740. urte inguruan omeiatarren kalifa-herria ahulduta zegoen. Alde batetik, familia barruko gatazkengatik; bestetik, <a href="/wiki/Kharijismo" title="Kharijismo">khawarijen</a> eta Aliren aldekoen etsaitasunagatik. Azken hauek matxinada bat hasi zuten <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iranen</a>, kalifa-herriaren boterea <a href="/wiki/Haxemiak" title="Haxemiak">haxemien</a> klanari emateko (Ali eta Mahoma klan honetakoak ziren). Azken momentuan, matxinadaren buru Abu al-Abass jarri zen, <a href="/wiki/Abbastarren_dinastia" title="Abbastarren dinastia">abastarren</a> burua, haxemien barruko bigarren mailako adar bat. Al-Abassek kalifa izendatu zuen bere burua, eta omeiatar kalifa (<a href="/wiki/Marwan_II.a" title="Marwan II.a">Marwan II.a</a>) garaitu zuen Zab Handiko batailan, <a href="/wiki/Zab_Handia" title="Zab Handia">Zab ibaia</a>ren ertzean, <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a> iparraldean.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Omeiatar kalifak, Marwan II.ak <a href="/wiki/Egipto" title="Egipto">Egiptora</a> ihes egin zuen. Baina omeiatar guztiak hil egin zituzten. Bakar batek ihes egin zuen, <a href="/wiki/Abd_ar-Rahman_I.a" title="Abd ar-Rahman I.a">Abd ar-Rahmanek</a>, eta Al-Andalusera joan zen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Omeiatarrak_Al-Andalusen">Omeiatarrak Al-Andalusen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Omeiatarrak Al-Andalusen»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Omeiatarrak Al-Andalusen"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kordobako_emir-herri_independentea_(756-929)"><span id="Kordobako_emir-herri_independentea_.28756-929.29"></span>Kordobako emir-herri independentea (756-929)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kordobako emir-herri independentea (756-929)»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Kordobako emir-herri independentea (756-929)"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bizirik iraun zuen omeiatar bakarrak, <a href="/wiki/Abd_ar-Rahman_I.a" title="Abd ar-Rahman I.a">Abd ar-Rahmanek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb">Magrebera</a> ihes egin zuen, kalifa-herriko hiri nagusietatik urruti zegoelako. Han, <a href="/wiki/Berbere" title="Berbere">berbere</a> tribuen artean gorde zen, eta <a href="/wiki/Al-Andalus" title="Al-Andalus">Al-Andalus</a>eko siriar soldaduen babesa lortu zuen. Horrela, 755. urtean Iberiar Penintsulara joan zen, <a href="/wiki/Almu%C3%B1%C3%A9car" title="Almuñécar">Almuñecarren</a> lehorreratuz. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Siriar" title="Siriar">Siriarren</a> laguntzarekin, Abd ar-Rahmanek Al-Andaluseko <a href="/wiki/Abbastar_Kalifa-herria" title="Abbastar Kalifa-herria">abastar</a> gobernuari aurre egin zion, eta Al-Musarako batailan (756) garaitu egin zuen. Bere aldekoek <a href="/wiki/Emir" title="Emir">emir</a> izendatu zuten. </p><p>Horrela, Al-Andalus politikoki independentea bihurtu zen. Dena dela, Abd al-Rahmanek <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdadeko</a> kalifaren botere erlijiosoa onartzen jarraitu zuen, <a href="/wiki/Umma" title="Umma">umma</a> edo komunitate musulmana ez apurtzeko. Hil zenean, beste lau emir eduki zituen <a href="/wiki/Kordobako_Emirerria" title="Kordobako Emirerria">Kordobako emir-herriak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kordobako_Kalifa-herria" title="Kordobako Kalifa-herria">kalifa-herri</a> bihurtu aurretik. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kordobako_Kalifa-herria_(929-1031)"><span id="Kordobako_Kalifa-herria_.28929-1031.29"></span>Kordobako Kalifa-herria (929-1031)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kordobako Kalifa-herria (929-1031)»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Kordobako Kalifa-herria (929-1031)"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>929. urtean <a href="/wiki/Abd_ar-Rahman_III.a" title="Abd ar-Rahman III.a">Abd ar-Rahman III</a>.ak bere burua <a href="/wiki/Kalifa" title="Kalifa">kalifa</a> izendatu zuen. Ordurako jada <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisian</a> beste kalifa-herri <a href="/wiki/Xiismo" title="Xiismo">xiita</a> bat sortua zuten <a href="/wiki/Fatimatar_Kalifa-herria" title="Fatimatar Kalifa-herria">fatimiek</a>. </p><p>Abd ar-Rahmanek hainbat argumentu erabili zituen bere burua kalifa izendatzeko. Alde batetik, bere familiaren jatorria <a href="/wiki/Quraix" title="Quraix">Quraix tribua</a> zela, Mahomaren tribu berdina; bestetik, Iberiar Penintsulako iparraldeko kristauei ez ziela utzi Al-Andalus konkistatzen. Hauek tributuak ordaintzen zizkioten kalifari erasorik ez jasotzeko. </p><p>Al-Andalusen garai oparoena izan zen hau. </p><p>Azken omeiatar kalifa <a href="/wiki/Hixam_II.a" title="Hixam II.a">Hixam II.a</a> izan zen. Baina honen oinordekotzagatik gerra zibila sortu zen, eta kalifa-herria erresuma txikietan edo <a href="/wiki/Taifa" title="Taifa">taifetan</a> zatitu zen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gizarte_antolaketa">Gizarte antolaketa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Gizarte antolaketa»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Gizarte antolaketa"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Omeiatarren zerga sistema eta praktika administratiboak ez omen ziren bidezkoak hainbat <a href="/wiki/Musulman" title="Musulman">musulmanen</a> begietara. Izan ere, kalifa-herrian lau <a href="/wiki/Gizarte_klase" title="Gizarte klase">gizarte klase</a> bereizten ziren: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabiar" title="Arabiar">arabiar</a> musulmanak</li> <li>arabiarrak ez ziren musulmanak</li> <li>musulmanak ez ziren pertsona libreak (kristauak, juduak, zoroastroarrak)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esklabotza" title="Esklabotza">esklaboak</a></li></ul> <p>Arabiar musulmanak gizartearen goialdean zeuden<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, eta konkistatutako lurraldeetan agintzen zuten. Islamak musulman guztien arteko berdintasuna sustatzen duen arren, arabiarrek estimu handiagoan zuten haien burua eta ez ziren gainerako musulmanekin nahasten. Musulmanen arteko desberdintasunak ezinegona sortu zuen, eta islama gehiago hedatzen zen neurrian, fededun berriek ez zituzten arabiarren eskubide berak. Horren ondorioz eta beste hainbat arrazoigatik, <a href="/wiki/Abbastar_Iraultza" title="Abbastar Iraultza">Abbastar Iraultza</a> gertatu zen 740ko hamarkadan. <a href="/wiki/Abbastar_Kalifa-herria" title="Abbastar Kalifa-herria">Abbastar Kalifa-herriak</a> omeiatarrak bota zituenean, <a href="/wiki/Al_Andalus" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Andalus">Al-Andalusera</a> ihes egin zuten eta 1031. urtera arte iraun zuen <a href="/wiki/Kordobako_Kalifa-herria" title="Kordobako Kalifa-herria">Kordobako Kalifa-herria</a> sortu zuten. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Damaskoko_kalifen_zerrenda">Damaskoko kalifen zerrenda</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Damaskoko kalifen zerrenda»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Damaskoko kalifen zerrenda"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muawiyah_I.a" title="Muawiyah I.a">Mu’awiyya I.a</a> (661 – 680)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazid_I.a" title="Yazid I.a">Yazid I.a</a> (680 – 683)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muawiyah_II.a" title="Muawiyah II.a">Mu'awiyya II.a</a> (683 – 684)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marwan_I.a" title="Marwan I.a">Marwan I.a</a> ibn al-Hakam (684 – 685)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Malik_al-Muzafar" title="Abd al-Malik al-Muzafar">Abd al-Malik</a> (685 – 705)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Walid_I.a" title="Al-Walid I.a">Al-Walid I.a</a> (705 – 715)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulaiman_ibn_Abd_al-Malik" title="Sulaiman ibn Abd al-Malik">Sulaiman</a> (715 – 717)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umar_II.a" title="Umar II.a">Umar II.a</a> ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz (717 – 720)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazid_II.a" title="Yazid II.a">Yazid II.a</a> (720 – 724)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hisham_ibn_Abd_al-Malik" class="mw-redirect" title="Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik">Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik</a> (724 – 743)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Walid_II.a" title="Al-Walid II.a">Al-Walid II.a</a> (743 – 744)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yazid_III.a" title="Yazid III.a">Yazid III.a</a> (744)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_ibn_al-Walid" title="Ibrahim ibn al-Walid">Ibrahim</a> (744)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marwan_II.a" title="Marwan II.a">Marwan II.a</a> al-Himar (744 – 750)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lotutako_artikuluak">Lotutako artikuluak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Lotutako artikuluak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Lotutako artikuluak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kordobako_Emirerria" title="Kordobako Emirerria">Kordobako emirerria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kordobako_Kalifa-herria" title="Kordobako Kalifa-herria">Kordobako kaliferria</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erreferentziak">Erreferentziak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Erreferentziak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Erreferentziak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFEuskaltzaindia"><a href="/wiki/Euskaltzaindia" title="Euskaltzaindia">Euskaltzaindia</a>. (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euskaltzaindia.eus/dok/arauak/Araua_0182.pdf"><i>182. arauaː Dinastien izenak. </i></a></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blankinship-2"><a href="#cite_ref-Blankinship_2-0">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"></span> <span class="citation" id="CITEREFBlankinship1994">Blankinship, Khalid Yahya.  (<a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a>). <i>The End of the Jihad State, the Reign of Hisham Ibn 'Abd-al Malik and the collapse of the Umayyads. </i> State University of New York Press, 37 or. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Berezi:BookSources/0791418278" title="Berezi:BookSources/0791418278">0791418278</a>.</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><b>a</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><b>b</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-2"><sup><b>c</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-3"><sup><b>d</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-4"><sup><b>e</b></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Claramunt, S., Portela, E., Gonzalez, M. eta Mitre E. (2021), <i>Historia de la Edad Media</i>, Ariel, Bartzelona</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kanpo_estekak">Kanpo estekak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Aldatu atal hau: «Kanpo estekak»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>aldatu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Kanpo estekak"><span>aldatu iturburu kodea</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Omeiatarren arteari buruz: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/umay/hd_umay.htm">https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/umay/hd_umay.htm</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;"></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7786466">.mw-parser-output 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style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Wikimedia proiektuak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8575586" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q8575586">Q8575586</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Umayyad_Caliphate">Umayyad Caliphate</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q8575586%22">Q8575586</a></span></span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Identifikadoreak</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85094675">sh85094675</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Art_%26_Architecture_Thesaurus" title="Art & Architecture Thesaurus">AAT</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=&logic=AND&note=&subjectid=300021841">300021841</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="mw-mf-linked-projects hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datuak:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8575586" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q8575586">Q8575586</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Umayyad_Caliphate">Umayyad Caliphate</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q8575586%22">Q8575586</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></div> <p><br /> </p> <table style="width: 100%; padding: 3px; background: #f7f8ff; border: 1px solid gray; margin: 10px auto; clear: both;" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="float: left; margin: 0 10px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxategi:Hoplite_helmet.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Historia"><img alt="Historia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hoplite_helmet.svg/30px-Hoplite_helmet.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hoplite_helmet.svg/45px-Hoplite_helmet.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Hoplite_helmet.svg/60px-Hoplite_helmet.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="390" /></a></span> </td> <td>Artikulu hau <a href="/wiki/Historia" title="Historia">historiari</a> buruzko <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Zirriborro" title="Wikipedia:Zirriborro">zirriborroa</a></b> da. Wikipedia lagun dezakezu edukia <a class="external text" href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Omeiatar_Kalifa-herria&action=edit">osatuz</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget \"ErrefAurrebista\" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. 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