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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Construction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Construction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Construction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Symbolism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Symbolism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Symbolism</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Symbolism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Symbolism subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Symbolism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Colours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Colours</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coat_of_arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coat_of_arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Coat of arms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coat_of_arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Escutcheon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Escutcheon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Escutcheon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Escutcheon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supporter:_Armillary_sphere" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supporter:_Armillary_sphere"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Supporter: Armillary sphere</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supporter:_Armillary_sphere-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Evolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Evolution</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Evolution-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Evolution subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Evolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1095–1248" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1095–1248"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>1095–1248</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1095–1248-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1248–1495" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1248–1495"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>1248–1495</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1248–1495-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1495–1667" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1495–1667"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>1495–1667</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1495–1667-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1667–1830" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1667–1830"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>1667–1830</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1667–1830-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1830–1910" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1830–1910"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>1830–1910</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1830–1910-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flag_protocol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flag_protocol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Flag protocol</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Flag_protocol-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Flag protocol subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Flag_protocol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Use</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penalties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penalties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Penalties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penalties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Folding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Folding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Folding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Folding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_flags" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_flags"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Military flags</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Military_flags-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Military flags subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Military_flags-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-National_colours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_colours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>National colours</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_colours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Naval_jack" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naval_jack"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Naval jack</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Naval_jack-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commissioning_pennant" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commissioning_pennant"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Commissioning pennant</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commissioning_pennant-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_flags" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_flags"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Government flags</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_flags-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Flag of Portugal</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 65 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">65 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84" title="علم البرتغال – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علم البرتغال" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuqaliya_bayra%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Portuqaliya bayrağı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Portuqaliya bayrağı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kob%C3%A9r_Portugal" title="Kobér Portugal – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kobér Portugal" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%86%D1%8F%D0%B3_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%96" title="Сцяг Партугаліі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сцяг Партугаліі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8F%D0%B3_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%96" title="Сьцяг Партугаліі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сьцяг Партугаліі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Национално знаме на Португалия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Национално знаме на Португалия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zastava_Portugala" title="Zastava Portugala – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Zastava Portugala" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandera_de_Portugal" title="Bandera de Portugal – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bandera de Portugal" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugalsk%C3%A1_vlajka" title="Portugalská vlajka – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Portugalská vlajka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baner_Portiwgal" title="Baner Portiwgal – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Baner Portiwgal" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugals_flag" title="Portugals flag – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Portugals flag" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flagge_Portugals" title="Flagge Portugals – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Flagge Portugals" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugali_lipp" title="Portugali lipp – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Portugali lipp" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Σημαία της Πορτογαλίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σημαία της Πορτογαλίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandera_de_Portugal" title="Bandera de Portugal – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bandera de Portugal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flago_de_Portugalio" title="Flago de Portugalio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Flago de Portugalio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugalgo_bandera" title="Portugalgo bandera – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Portugalgo bandera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%85_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84" title="پرچم پرتغال – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پرچم پرتغال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drapeau_du_Portugal" title="Drapeau du Portugal – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Drapeau du Portugal" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandeira_de_Portugal" title="Bandeira de Portugal – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Bandeira de Portugal" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%EB%A5%B4%ED%88%AC%EA%B0%88%EC%9D%98_%EA%B5%AD%EA%B8%B0" title="포르투갈의 국기 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="포르투갈의 국기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B7" title="Պորտուգալիայի դրոշ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պորտուգալիայի դրոշ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%9C" title="पुर्तगाल का ध्वज – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पुर्तगाल का ध्वज" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zastava_Portugala" title="Zastava Portugala – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zastava Portugala" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="পর্তুগালর ফিরালহান – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="পর্তুগালর ফিরালহান" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bendera_Portugal" title="Bendera Portugal – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bendera Portugal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A1ni_Port%C3%BAgals" title="Fáni Portúgals – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fáni Portúgals" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandiera_del_Portogallo" title="Bandiera del Portogallo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bandiera del Portogallo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%92%D7%9C_%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%95%D7%92%D7%9C" title="דגל פורטוגל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דגל פורטוגל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9A%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%A7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%9C" title="ಪೋರ್ಚುಗಲ್ ಧ್ವಜ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪೋರ್ಚುಗಲ್ ಧ್ವಜ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90" title="პორტუგალიის დროშა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პორტუგალიის დროშა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portug%C4%81les_karogs" title="Portugāles karogs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Portugāles karogs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A4ndel_vu_Portugal" title="Fändel vu Portugal – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Fändel vu Portugal" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugalijos_v%C4%97liava" title="Portugalijos vėliava – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Portugalijos vėliava" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandera_del_Portogall" title="Bandera del Portogall – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Bandera del Portogall" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portug%C3%A1lia_z%C3%A1szlaja" title="Portugália zászlaja – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Portugália zászlaja" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Знаме на Португалија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Знаме на Португалија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84" title="علم البرتغال – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="علم البرتغال" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bendera_Portugal" title="Bendera Portugal – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bendera Portugal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandeira_de_Pertual" title="Bandeira de Pertual – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Bandeira de Pertual" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlag_van_Portugal" title="Vlag van Portugal – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vlag van Portugal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9D%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%82%AC%E3%83%AB%E3%81%AE%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%97" title="ポルトガルの国旗 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ポルトガルの国旗" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugals_flagg" title="Portugals flagg – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Portugals flagg" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugaliya_bayrog%CA%BBi" title="Portugaliya bayrogʻi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Portugaliya bayrogʻi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flaga_Portugalii" title="Flaga Portugalii – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Flaga Portugalii" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandeira_de_Portugal" title="Bandeira de Portugal – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bandeira de Portugal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drapelul_Portugaliei" title="Drapelul Portugaliei – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Drapelul Portugaliei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Флаг Португалии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Флаг Португалии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banner_o_Portugal" title="Banner o Portugal – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Banner o Portugal" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flamuri_i_Portugalis%C3%AB" title="Flamuri i Portugalisë – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Flamuri i Portugalisë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bannera_purtughisa" title="Bannera purtughisa – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Bannera purtughisa" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Portugal" title="Flag of Portugal – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Flag of Portugal" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlajka_Portugalska" title="Vlajka Portugalska – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vlajka Portugalska" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Застава Португалије – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Застава Португалије" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zastava_Portugala" title="Zastava Portugala – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zastava Portugala" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugalin_lippu" title="Portugalin lippu – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Portugalin lippu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugals_flagga" title="Portugals flagga – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Portugals flagga" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF" title="போர்ச்சுகல்லின் தேசியக் கொடி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="போர்ச்சுகல்லின் தேசியக் கொடி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA" title="ธงชาติโปรตุเกส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ธงชาติโปรตุเกส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portekiz_bayra%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Portekiz bayrağı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Portekiz bayrağı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%97" title="Прапор Португалії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Прапор Португалії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%E1%BB%91c_k%E1%BB%B3_B%E1%BB%93_%C4%90%C3%A0o_Nha" title="Quốc kỳ Bồ Đào Nha – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quốc kỳ Bồ Đào Nha" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%97" title="葡萄牙国旗 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="葡萄牙国旗" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80s%C3%AC%C3%A1_il%E1%BA%B9%CC%80_P%E1%BB%8D%CC%81rt%C3%BAg%C3%A0l" title="Àsìá ilẹ̀ Pọ́rtúgàl – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àsìá ilẹ̀ Pọ́rtúgàl" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E5%9C%8B%E6%97%97" title="葡萄牙國旗 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="葡萄牙國旗" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q128812#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Portuguese Republic</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="display:none"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/255px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="255" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/383px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/510px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Bandeira das Quinas</i><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">('Flag of the Fives')</span>, <i>Bandeira Verde-Rubra</i><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">('Green-Red Flag')</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vexillological_symbol" title="Vexillological symbol">Use</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/National_flag" title="National flag">National flag</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_ensign" class="mw-redirect" title="National ensign">ensign</a> <span class="mw-default-size noviewer skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_normal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Normal or de jure version of flag, or obverse side"><img alt="Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/FIAV_normal.svg/23px-FIAV_normal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/FIAV_normal.svg/36px-FIAV_normal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/FIAV_normal.svg/46px-FIAV_normal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span class="mw-default-size noviewer skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_111111.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="National flag and ensign"><img alt="Small vexillological symbol or pictogram in black and white showing the different uses of the flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/FIAV_111111.svg/23px-FIAV_111111.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/FIAV_111111.svg/35px-FIAV_111111.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/FIAV_111111.svg/46px-FIAV_111111.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Proportion</th><td class="infobox-data">2:3<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Adopted</th><td class="infobox-data">30 June 1911<span class="noprint">; 113 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1911-06-30</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Design</th><td class="infobox-data">A 2:3 vertically striped bicolour of <a href="/wiki/Green" title="Green">green</a> and <a href="/wiki/Red" title="Red">red</a>, with the lesser <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal" title="Coat of arms of Portugal">coat of arms of Portugal</a> centered over the colour boundary</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="display:none"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Military_flag_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Military_flag_of_Portugal.svg/114px-Military_flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="114" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Military_flag_of_Portugal.svg/171px-Military_flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Military_flag_of_Portugal.svg/228px-Military_flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="542" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vexillological_symbol" title="Vexillological symbol">Use</a></th><td class="infobox-data">National colour of military units</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Proportion</th><td class="infobox-data">12:13</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Adopted</th><td class="infobox-data">30 June 1911</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Design</th><td class="infobox-data">As above, but evenly striped (1:1) and with the greater coat of arms, displaying a white scroll with the motto <i>"Esta é a ditosa pátria minha amada"</i> ("This is my beloved blissful homeland"), taken from <a href="/wiki/Os_Lus%C3%ADadas" title="Os Lusíadas">Os Lusíadas</a>, III, 21, v. 1</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/National_flag" title="National flag">national flag</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese Republic">Portuguese Republic</a>, often referred to as the <b>Portuguese flag</b> consists of a rectangular bicolour with a field divided into green on the <a href="/wiki/Flag_terminology#Description_of_standard_flag_parts_and_terms" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag terminology">hoist</a>, and red on the <a href="/wiki/Flag_terminology#Description_of_standard_flag_parts_and_terms" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag terminology">fly</a>. A lesser version of the <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal" title="Coat of arms of Portugal">country’s national coat of arms</a> stands in the middle of the <a href="/wiki/Armillary_sphere" title="Armillary sphere">Portuguese armillary sphere</a> and shield, centered over the colour boundary at equal distance. The flag was announced in <a href="/wiki/First_Portuguese_Republic" title="First Portuguese Republic">1910</a>, following the <a href="/wiki/5_October_1910_revolution" title="5 October 1910 revolution">5 October 1910 revolution</a>, inspired by the colours of the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Republican_Party" title="Portuguese Republican Party">Republican Party</a> and the design of radical conspiratorial society <a href="/wiki/Carbon%C3%A1ria" title="Carbonária">Carbonária</a>. </p><p>Its presentation was done on 1 December 1910, after the downfall of the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Portugal_(1834-1910)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Portugal (1834-1910)">constitutional monarchy</a> on 5 October 1910. However, it was only on 30 June 1911, that the official decree approving this flag as the official flag was published. This new national flag for the <a href="/wiki/First_Portuguese_Republic" title="First Portuguese Republic">First Portuguese Republic</a>, was selected by a special commission whose members included <a href="/wiki/Columbano_Bordalo_Pinheiro" title="Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro">Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Chagas" class="mw-redirect" title="João Chagas">João Chagas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Abel_Botelho" title="Abel Botelho">Abel Botelho</a>. The conjugation of the new field color, especially the use of green, was not traditional in the Portuguese national flag's composition and represented a radical <a href="/wiki/Republicanism" title="Republicanism">republican</a>-inspired change that broke the bond with the former monarchical flag. Since a failed <a href="/wiki/31_January_1891_revolt" title="31 January 1891 revolt">republican insurrection on 31 January 1891</a>, red and green had been established as the colours of the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Republican_Party" title="Portuguese Republican Party">Portuguese Republican Party</a> and its associated movements, whose political prominence kept growing until it reached a culmination period following the <a href="/wiki/5_October_1910_revolution" title="5 October 1910 revolution">Republican revolution</a> of 5 October 1910. In the ensuing decades, these colours were popularly propagandised, green represented the hope of the nation and the colour red represented the blood of those who died defending it, this happened to endow them with a more patriotic and dignified, therefore less political, sentiment. </p><p>The sphere and shield in the middle of the current flag are an integral part of the design, which has historically been centred on the royal arms, usually over fields of blue and white. Since the country's foundation, the standard developed from the blue cross-on-white armorial square banner of King <a href="/wiki/Afonso_I_of_Portugal" title="Afonso I of Portugal">Afonso I</a>, through progressively more complex designs, which did incorporate green and red, to the <a href="/wiki/Liberalism" title="Liberalism">liberal</a> monarchy's arms over a blue-and-white rectangle. In between, major changes associated with determinant political events contributed to its evolution into the current design. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The decree that legally created the republican flag was approved by the <a href="/wiki/National_Constituent_Assembly_(Portugal)" title="National Constituent Assembly (Portugal)">Constituent Assembly</a> and published in government journal no. 141 (<a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>: <i lang="pt">diário do Governo</i>) on 19 June 1911. On 30 June, this decree had its regulations officially published in government diary no. 150.<sup id="cite_ref-decreto_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-decreto-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, the new flag had been first presented in 1910, on the national holiday of the Restoration of Independence (celebrating December 1, 1640), which was rededicated as the Day of the Flag, although this new designation did not erase the previous one. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Construction">Construction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Construction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal_blank_measures.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Portugal_blank_measures.svg/300px-Flag_of_Portugal_blank_measures.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Portugal_blank_measures.svg/450px-Flag_of_Portugal_blank_measures.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Portugal_blank_measures.svg/600px-Flag_of_Portugal_blank_measures.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Construction sheet with the official dimensions of the flag. All measures are relative to the length (L).</figcaption></figure> <p>The flag's <a href="/wiki/Flag_terminology#Description_of_standard_flag_parts_and_terms" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag terminology">length</a> is equal to <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac">1<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> times its <a href="/wiki/Flag_terminology#Description_of_standard_flag_parts_and_terms" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag terminology">width</a>, which translates into an <a href="/wiki/Aspect_ratio" title="Aspect ratio">aspect ratio</a> of 2:3. The background is vertically divided into two colours: dark green on the hoist side, and scarlet red on the fly. The colour division is made in a way that green spans <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">2</span>⁄<span class="den">5</span></span> of the length and the remaining <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">5</span></span> is filled by red (ratio 2:3).<sup id="cite_ref-decreto_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-decreto-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lesser version of the <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal" title="Coat of arms of Portugal">national coat of arms</a> (without the <a href="/wiki/Laurel_wreath" title="Laurel wreath">laurel wreaths</a>)—a white-rimmed national shield on top of a black-highlighted yellow <a href="/wiki/Armillary_sphere" title="Armillary sphere">armillary sphere</a>—is positioned over the border between both colours. </p><p>The armillary sphere has a diameter equal to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> height and is equidistant from the upper and lower edges of the flag.<sup id="cite_ref-decreto_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-decreto-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sphere, drawn in perspective, possesses six edge-embossed arcs, four of which are <a href="/wiki/Great_circle" title="Great circle">great circles</a> and two are <a href="/wiki/Small_circle" class="mw-redirect" title="Small circle">small circles</a>. The great circles represent the <a href="/wiki/Ecliptic" title="Ecliptic">ecliptic</a> (wider oblique arc), the <a href="/wiki/Equator" title="Equator">equator</a>, and two <a href="/wiki/Meridian_(geography)" title="Meridian (geography)">meridians</a>. These last three are positioned so that the intersections between each two arcs make a right angle; one meridian lies on the flag's plane, while the other is perpendicular to it. The small circles consist of two <a href="/wiki/Circle_of_latitude" title="Circle of latitude">parallels</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Tropic_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Tropic (disambiguation)">tropics</a>), each tangent to one of the ecliptic-meridian intersections.<sup id="cite_ref-jorgesampaio_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jorgesampaio-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vertically centered over the sphere is the national shield, a white-rimmed curved bottom red shield charged with a white <a href="/wiki/Inescutcheon" title="Inescutcheon">inescutcheon</a>. Its height and width are equal to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">7</span>⁄<span class="den">10</span></span> and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">6</span>⁄<span class="den">10</span></span> of the sphere's diameter, respectively. The shield is positioned in a way that its limits intersect the sphere:<sup id="cite_ref-jorgesampaio_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jorgesampaio-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>at the <a href="/wiki/Inflection_point" title="Inflection point">inflection points</a> of the distal edges of the <a href="/wiki/Tropic_of_Cancer" title="Tropic of Cancer">Tropic of Cancer</a>'s anterior half (top) and <a href="/wiki/Tropic_of_Capricorn" title="Tropic of Capricorn">Tropic of Capricorn</a>'s posterior half (bottom);</li> <li>at the intersection of the lower edges of the ecliptic's posterior half and of the equator's anterior half (<a href="/wiki/Dexter_and_sinister" title="Dexter and sinister">dexter</a> or viewer's left side); and</li> <li>at the intersection of the upper edge of the ecliptic's anterior half with the lower edge of the equator's posterior half (<a href="/wiki/Dexter_and_sinister" title="Dexter and sinister">sinister</a> or viewer's right side).</li></ul> <p>A curious aspect of the official design is the absence of a segment of the Tropic of Capricorn, between the national shield and the ecliptic arc.<sup id="cite_ref-jorgesampaio_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jorgesampaio-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The white inescutcheon is itself charged with five smaller blue shields (<i>escudetes</i>) arranged like a <a href="/wiki/Greek_cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek cross">Greek cross</a> (1+3+1). Each smaller shield holds five white <a href="/wiki/Bezant" title="Bezant">bezants</a> displayed in the form of a <a href="/wiki/Saltire" title="Saltire">saltire</a> (2+1+2). The red <a href="/wiki/Bordure" title="Bordure">bordure</a> is charged with seven yellow castles: three on the <a href="/wiki/Chief_(heraldry)" title="Chief (heraldry)">chief</a> portion (one in each corner and one in the middle), two in the middle points of each quadrant of the curved base (rotated 45 degrees), and two more on each side of the bordure, over the flag's horizontal middle line. Each castle is composed by a base building, showing a closed (yellow) gate, on top of which stand three <a href="/wiki/Battlement" title="Battlement">battlemented</a> towers.<sup id="cite_ref-jorgesampaio_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jorgesampaio-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Heraldry" title="Heraldry">heraldic</a> terminology, the shield's <a href="/wiki/Blazon" title="Blazon">blazon</a> is described as <i>Argent, five escutcheons in cross azure each charged with five plates in saltire, on a bordure gules seven towers triple-turreted Or, three in chief</i>.<sup class="plainlinks nourlexpansion citation" id="ref_1"><a href="#endnote_1">a</a></sup> </p><p>The colour tones of the flag are not precisely specified in any legal document. Recommendations are listed below:<sup id="cite_ref-jorgesampaio_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jorgesampaio-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" width="60%" style="text-align:center;margin:0px auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Scheme </th> <th style="background:#FF0000; color:white">Red </th> <th style="background:#006600; color:white">Green </th> <th style="background:#FFFF00">Yellow </th> <th style="background:#003399; color:white">Blue </th> <th style="background:#FFFFFF">White </th> <th style="background:#000000; color:white">Black </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pantone" title="Pantone">PMS</a></td> <td>485 CVC</td> <td>349 CVC</td> <td>803 CVC</td> <td>288 CVC</td> <td> —</td> <td>Black 6 CVC </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/RGB" class="mw-redirect" title="RGB">RGB</a></td> <td>255-0-0</td> <td>0-102-0</td> <td>255-255-0</td> <td>0-51-153</td> <td>255-255-255</td> <td>0-0-0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>#FF0000</td> <td>#006600</td> <td>#FFFF00</td> <td>#003399</td> <td>#FFFFFF</td> <td>#000000 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/CMYK" class="mw-redirect" title="CMYK">CMYK</a></td> <td>0-100-100-0</td> <td>100-35-100-30</td> <td>0-0-100-0</td> <td>100-100-25-10</td> <td>0-0-0-0</td> <td>0-0-0-100 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Background">Background</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joao_Pinheiro_Chagas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Joao_Pinheiro_Chagas.jpg" decoding="async" width="216" height="253" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="216" data-file-height="253" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Chagas" class="mw-redirect" title="João Chagas">João Chagas</a>, commissioner for the creation of the national flag</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/5_October_1910_revolution" title="5 October 1910 revolution">Republican revolution</a> of 5 October 1910, brought a need to replace the symbols of the overthrown monarchy, represented in the first instance by the old national flag and <a href="/wiki/O_Hino_da_Carta" class="mw-redirect" title="O Hino da Carta">anthem</a>. The choice of the new flag was not one without conflict, especially over the colours, as partisans of the republican red-and-green faced opposition from supporters of the traditional royal blue-and-white. Blue also carried a strong religious meaning as it was the colour of <a href="/wiki/Blessed_Virgin_Mary_(Roman_Catholic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blessed Virgin Mary (Roman Catholic)">Our Lady</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Conception" title="Immaculate Conception">Conception</a> (<a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>: <i lang="pt">Nossa Senhora da Conceição</i>), who was crowned Queen and Patroness of Portugal by King <a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Portugal" title="John IV of Portugal">John IV</a>, so its removal or replacement from the future flag was justified by Republicans as one of the many measures needed to <a href="/wiki/Secularity" title="Secularity">secularize</a> the state.<sup id="cite_ref-origenscores_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-origenscores-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the presentation and discussion of the many proposals,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> a governmental commission was set up on 15 October 1910. It included <a href="/wiki/Columbano_Bordalo_Pinheiro" title="Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro">Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro</a> (painter), <a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Chagas" class="mw-redirect" title="João Chagas">João Chagas</a> (journalist), <a href="/wiki/Abel_Botelho" title="Abel Botelho">Abel Botelho</a> (writer) and two military leaders of 1910: Ladislau Pereira and Afonso Palla.<sup id="cite_ref-origenscores_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-origenscores-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This commission ultimately chose the red-and-green of the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Republican_Party" title="Portuguese Republican Party">Portuguese Republican Party</a>, delivering an explanation based on patriotic reasons,<sup id="cite_ref-mdn_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mdn-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which disguised the political significance behind the choice, as these had been the colours present on the banners of the rebellious during the republican insurrection of 31 January 1891, in <a href="/wiki/Porto" title="Porto">Porto</a>, and during the monarchy-overthrowing revolution, in <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-amt_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amt-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_nova_bandeira_hasteada_no_Monumento_aos_Restauradores_-_O_Occidente_(10Dez1910).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/A_nova_bandeira_hasteada_no_Monumento_aos_Restauradores_-_O_Occidente_%2810Dez1910%29.png/220px-A_nova_bandeira_hasteada_no_Monumento_aos_Restauradores_-_O_Occidente_%2810Dez1910%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/A_nova_bandeira_hasteada_no_Monumento_aos_Restauradores_-_O_Occidente_%2810Dez1910%29.png 1.5x" data-file-width="310" data-file-height="413" /></a><figcaption>The new national flag is hoised for the first time on the <a href="/wiki/Monument_to_the_Restorers" title="Monument to the Restorers">Monument to the Restorers</a> (<i>Restauradores</i>), in <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a>, on 1 December 1910</figcaption></figure> <p>The commission considered that red should "be present as one of the main colours, because it is the battling, warm, virile colour, par excellence. It is the colour of conquest and laughter. A singing, burning, joyful colour ... Recalls the idea of blood and urges to achieve victory". An explanation for the inclusion of the green was harder to come up with, given that it was not a traditional colour of the Portuguese flag's history. Eventually, it was justified on the grounds that, during the 1891 insurrection, this was the colour present on the revolutionary flag that "sparked the redeeming lightning" of republicanism. Finally, white (on the shield) represented "a beautiful and fraternal colour, into which all other colours merge themselves, colour of simplicity, of harmony and peace", adding that "it is this same colour that, charged with enthusiasm and faith by the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Christ_Cross" title="Order of Christ Cross">red cross of Christ</a>, marks the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Discovery" title="Age of Discovery">Discoveries</a> epic cycle".<sup id="cite_ref-mdn_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mdn-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Manueline" title="Manueline">Manueline</a> armillary sphere, which had been present on the national flag under the reign of <a href="/wiki/John_VI_of_Portugal" title="John VI of Portugal">John VI</a>, was revived because it consecrated the "Portuguese epic maritime history ... the ultimate challenge, essential to our collective life." The Portuguese shield was kept, being positioned over the armillary sphere. Its presence would immortalize the "human miracle of positive bravery, tenacity, diplomacy, and audacity, that managed to bind the first links of the Portuguese nation's social and political affirmation", since it is one of the "most vigorous symbols of the national identity and integrity".<sup id="cite_ref-mdn_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mdn-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The new flag was produced in large numbers at the <span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">Cordoaria Nacional</i></span> ("National Rope House") and was officially presented nationwide on 1 December 1910, on occasion of the 270 years of the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Restoration_War" title="Portuguese Restoration War">Restoration of Independence</a>. This day had already been declared by the government as the "<a href="/wiki/Flag_Day" title="Flag Day">Flag Day</a>" (currently not celebrated). In the capital, it was paraded from the city hall to the <span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">Restauradores</i></span> ("Restorers") Monument, where it was hoisted. This festive presentation did not mask, however, the turmoil caused by a design chosen single-handedly without prior popular consultation, and that represented more of a political regime than a whole nation. To encourage a greater acceptance of the new flag, the government issued all teaching establishments with one exemplar, whose symbols were to be explained to the students; textbooks were changed to intensively display these symbols. Also, 1 December ("Flag Day"), 31 January and 5 October were declared <a href="/wiki/Public_holiday" title="Public holiday">national holidays</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-amt_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amt-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symbolism">Symbolism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Symbolism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Portuguese flag displays three important symbols: the field colours, and the armillary sphere and national shield, which make up the coat of arms. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colours">Colours</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Colours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lisboa_April_2014-8a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Lisboa_April_2014-8a.jpg/220px-Lisboa_April_2014-8a.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Lisboa_April_2014-8a.jpg/330px-Lisboa_April_2014-8a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Lisboa_April_2014-8a.jpg/440px-Lisboa_April_2014-8a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7280" data-file-height="4791" /></a><figcaption>A Portuguese flag flying at the top of Parque Eduardo VII in Lisbon</figcaption></figure> <p>Despite the fact that the colours of red and green had never constituted a major part of the national flag until 1910, they were present in several historical banners during important periods. King <a href="/wiki/John_I_of_Portugal" title="John I of Portugal">John I</a> included a <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Aviz" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Aviz">green Aviz cross</a> on the red bordure of his banner. The red cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Christ_(Portugal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Christ (Portugal)">Order of Christ</a> was used over a white field as a naval pennon during the Discoveries and frequently on ship sails. A green background version was a popular standard of the rebellious during the 1640 revolution that restored Portugal's independence from Spain.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> There are no registered sources to confirm that this was the origin of the republican colours. Another explanation gives full credit to the flag that was hoisted on the balcony of Porto's city hall during the 1891 insurrection. It consisted of a red field bearing a green disc and the inscription <i>Centro Democrático Federal «15 de Novembro»</i> ("15 November" Federal Democratic Centre), representing one of many <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">masonry</a>-inspired republican clubs.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Over the following 20 years, the red-and-green was present on every republican item in Portugal.<sup id="cite_ref-origenscores_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-origenscores-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1891 flag-inherited red stands for the colour of the republican-inspired masonry-backed revolutionaries, whereas green was the colour <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Comte" title="Auguste Comte">Auguste Comte</a> had destined to be present in the flags of <a href="/wiki/Positivism" title="Positivism">positivist</a> nations, an ideal incorporated into the republican political matrix.<sup id="cite_ref-origenscores_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-origenscores-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Green was also added in order to distinguish the flag from the old royal standard, which had a background of solid red.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coat_of_arms">Coat of arms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Coat of arms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal" title="Coat of arms of Portugal">Coat of arms of Portugal</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Escutcheon">Escutcheon</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Escutcheon"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portuguese_shield.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Portuguese_shield.svg/150px-Portuguese_shield.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Portuguese_shield.svg/225px-Portuguese_shield.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Portuguese_shield.svg/300px-Portuguese_shield.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="293" data-file-height="342" /></a><figcaption>Escutcheon</figcaption></figure> <p>The Portuguese shield rests over the armillary sphere. Except during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Afonso_I_of_Portugal" title="Afonso I of Portugal">Afonso I</a>, it is present in every single historical flag, in one form or another. It is the prime Portuguese symbol as well as one of the oldest, with the first elements of today's shield appearing during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Sancho_I_of_Portugal" title="Sancho I of Portugal">Sancho I</a>. The evolution of the Portuguese flag is inherently associated with the evolution of the shield.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Within the white inescutcheon, the five small blue shields with their five white <a href="/wiki/Bezant" title="Bezant">bezants</a> representing the <a href="/wiki/Five_wounds_of_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Five wounds of Christ">five wounds of Christ</a> (<a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>: <i lang="pt">Cinco Chagas</i>) when crucified and are popularly associated with the "Miracle of Ourique".<sup id="cite_ref-criarmundos_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-criarmundos-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The story associated with this miracle tells that before the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ourique" title="Battle of Ourique">Battle of Ourique</a> on 25 July 1139, an old hermit appeared before Count Afonso Henriques (future Afonso I) as a divine messenger. He foretold Afonso's victory and assured him that God was watching over him and his peers. The messenger advised him to walk away from his camp, alone, if he heard a nearby chapel bell tolling, in the following night. In doing so, he witnessed an apparition of Jesus on the cross. Ecstatic, Afonso heard Jesus promising victories for the coming battles, as well as God's wish to act through Afonso, and his descendants, in order to create an empire which would carry his name to unknown lands, thus choosing the Portuguese to perform great tasks.<sup id="cite_ref-miracle_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-miracle-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BatalhaOurique.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/BatalhaOurique.jpg/220px-BatalhaOurique.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/BatalhaOurique.jpg/330px-BatalhaOurique.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/BatalhaOurique.jpg/440px-BatalhaOurique.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="542" /></a><figcaption><i>O Milagre de Ourique</i> (The Miracle of Ourique), by <a href="/wiki/Domingos_Sequeira" title="Domingos Sequeira">Domingos Sequeira</a> (1763)</figcaption></figure> <p>Boosted by this spiritual experience, Afonso won the battle against an outnumbering enemy. Legend has it that Afonso killed the five <a href="/wiki/Moors" title="Moors">Moorish</a> kings of the Seville, Badajoz, Elvas, Évora and Beja <a href="/wiki/Taifas" class="mw-redirect" title="Taifas">taifas</a>, before decimating the enemy troops. Hence, in gratitude to Jesus, he incorporated five shields arranged in a cross—representing his divine-led victory over the five enemy kings—with each one carrying Christ's <a href="/wiki/Stigmata" title="Stigmata">five wounds</a> in the form of silver bezants. The sum of all bezants (doubling the ones in the central shield) would give thirty, symbolizing <a href="/wiki/Judas_Iscariot" title="Judas Iscariot">Judas Iscariot</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Thirty_pieces_of_silver" title="Thirty pieces of silver">thirty pieces of silver</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-miracle_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-miracle-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, evidence pointing out that the number of bezants on each shield was greater than five during long periods following Afonso I's reign,<sup id="cite_ref-criarmundos_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-criarmundos-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as the fact that only in the 15th century was this legend registered on a chronicle by <a href="/wiki/Fern%C3%A3o_Lopes" title="Fernão Lopes">Fernão Lopes</a> (1419),<sup id="cite_ref-rtp_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rtp-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> support this explanation as one of pure myth and highly charged with patriotic feeling in the sense that Portugal was created by divine intervention and was destined for great things. </p><p>The seven castles are traditionally considered a symbol of the Portuguese victories over their Moorish enemies, under <a href="/wiki/Afonso_III_of_Portugal" title="Afonso III of Portugal">Afonso III</a>, who supposedly captured seven enemy fortresses in the course of his conquest of the <a href="/wiki/Algarve" title="Algarve">Algarve</a>, concluded in 1249. However, this explanation is weakly founded since this king did not have seven castles on his banner, but an unspecified number. Some reconstructions display about sixteen castles; this number changed to twelve in 1385, to seven in 1485 and to eleven in 1495; it then changed back to seven, in 1578, this time definitively. An hypothesis about the origin of the castles on a red bordure lies in the family ties of Afonso III with <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Castile</a> (both his <a href="/wiki/Urraca_of_Castile,_Queen_of_Portugal" title="Urraca of Castile, Queen of Portugal">mother</a> and <a href="/wiki/Beatrice_of_Castile_(1242-1303)" class="mw-redirect" title="Beatrice of Castile (1242-1303)">second wife</a> were Castilian), whose arms consisted of a golden castle on a red field.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A variant of the Portuguese shield is found in the flag of <a href="/wiki/Ceuta" title="Ceuta">Ceuta</a>, a Spanish city on the North African coast, and is used as the city's coat of arms, in a nod to its former history as a Portuguese possession. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Supporter:_Armillary_sphere">Supporter: Armillary sphere</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Supporter: Armillary sphere"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Armillary_sphere_with_astronomical_clock.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Armillary_sphere_with_astronomical_clock.jpg/220px-Armillary_sphere_with_astronomical_clock.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Armillary_sphere_with_astronomical_clock.jpg/330px-Armillary_sphere_with_astronomical_clock.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Armillary_sphere_with_astronomical_clock.jpg/440px-Armillary_sphere_with_astronomical_clock.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Armillary_sphere" title="Armillary sphere">Armillary sphere</a> has been a symbol of Portugal since the reign of <a href="/wiki/Manuel_I_of_Portugal" title="Manuel I of Portugal">King Manuel I</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Armillary_sphere" title="Armillary sphere">armillary sphere</a> was an important astronomical and navigational instrument for the Portuguese sailors who ventured into unknown seas during the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Discoveries" class="mw-redirect" title="Age of Discoveries">Age of Discoveries</a>. It was introduced by the <a href="/wiki/Knights_Templar" title="Knights Templar">Knights Templar</a>, whose knowledge was essential to the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Discoveries" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese Discoveries">Portuguese Discoveries</a>—<a href="/wiki/Henry,_the_Navigator" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry, the Navigator">Henry, the Navigator</a>, the person mainly responsible for the development of <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Discovery" title="Age of Discovery">Age of Discovery</a> was actually the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Master_(order)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Master (order)">Grand Master</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Christ_(Portugal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Christ (Portugal)">Order of Christ</a>. It thus became the symbol of the most important period of the nation—the Portuguese discoveries. In light of this, King <a href="/wiki/Manuel_I_of_Portugal" title="Manuel I of Portugal">Manuel I</a>, who ruled during this period, incorporated the armillary sphere into his personal banner.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> It was simultaneously used as the <a href="/wiki/Ensign_(flag)" title="Ensign (flag)">ensign</a> of ships plying the route between the metropolis and <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> thus becoming a colonial symbol and a key element of the flags of the future Brazilian kingdom and <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazilian empire">empire</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Adding to the sphere's significance was its common use on every <a href="/wiki/Manueline" title="Manueline">Manueline</a>-influenced architectural work, where it is one of the major stylistic elements, as seen on the <a href="/wiki/Jer%C3%B3nimos_Monastery" title="Jerónimos Monastery">Jerónimos Monastery</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bel%C3%A9m_Tower" title="Belém Tower">Belém Tower</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jeronimos_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jeronimos-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolution">Evolution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Evolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal#History" title="Coat of arms of Portugal">Coat of arms of Portugal § History</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Banner_of_arms" title="Banner of arms">Banner of arms</a></div> <p>Since the foundation of the kingdom, the <a href="/wiki/Banner_of_arms" title="Banner of arms">banner of arms</a>, i.e. the flag form of the <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal" title="Coat of arms of Portugal">royal arms</a>, have served as national flag. In fact, until the 19th century, the flag served as a mere support to display the Royal coat of arms, without having any separate meaning. Until the 16th century, the flag consisted in a banner of arms, with its field being totally occupied by the field of the coat of arms, then it came to include the complete coat of arms, including the crown and other external elements laid over a monochrome white field. The flag only acquired a meaning by its own in 1830, when its field was changed from the neutral white to the distinctive blue and white, which were the national colours at that time. Although representing the country since its early beginnings, the flag of Portugal had a limited use until the 19th century, essentially being used as a fortress flag and as naval ensign, with some other flags also existing to represent the nation in other contexts, namely at the sea. In the 19th century, the flag of Portugal started to have a universal use, becoming a real national flag.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It evolved in a way that gradually incorporated most of the symbols present on the current coat of arms. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1095–1248"><span id="1095.E2.80.931248"></span>1095–1248</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1095–1248"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248256098">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{border:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PortugueseFlag1095.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Count Henry (1095)"><img alt="Count Henry (1095)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/PortugueseFlag1095.svg/120px-PortugueseFlag1095.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/PortugueseFlag1095.svg/180px-PortugueseFlag1095.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/PortugueseFlag1095.svg/240px-PortugueseFlag1095.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Henry,_Count_of_Portugal" title="Henry, Count of Portugal">Count Henry</a> (1095) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_reconstructed.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/FIAV_reconstructed.svg/23px-FIAV_reconstructed.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/FIAV_reconstructed.svg/35px-FIAV_reconstructed.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/FIAV_reconstructed.svg/46px-FIAV_reconstructed.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_011011.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/20px-FIAV_011011.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/30px-FIAV_011011.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/40px-FIAV_011011.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="210" /></a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PortugueseFlag1143.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="King Afonso I (1143)"><img alt="King Afonso I (1143)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/PortugueseFlag1143.svg/120px-PortugueseFlag1143.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/PortugueseFlag1143.svg/180px-PortugueseFlag1143.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/PortugueseFlag1143.svg/240px-PortugueseFlag1143.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">King <a href="/wiki/Afonso_I_of_Portugal" title="Afonso I of Portugal">Afonso I</a> (1143) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_reconstructed.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/FIAV_reconstructed.svg/23px-FIAV_reconstructed.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/FIAV_reconstructed.svg/35px-FIAV_reconstructed.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/FIAV_reconstructed.svg/46px-FIAV_reconstructed.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_011011.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/20px-FIAV_011011.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/30px-FIAV_011011.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/40px-FIAV_011011.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="210" /></a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PortugueseFlag1185.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="King Sancho I (1185)"><img alt="King Sancho I (1185)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/PortugueseFlag1185.svg/120px-PortugueseFlag1185.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/PortugueseFlag1185.svg/180px-PortugueseFlag1185.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/PortugueseFlag1185.svg/240px-PortugueseFlag1185.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">King <a href="/wiki/Sancho_I_of_Portugal" title="Sancho I of Portugal">Sancho I</a> (1185) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_reconstructed.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/FIAV_reconstructed.svg/23px-FIAV_reconstructed.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/FIAV_reconstructed.svg/35px-FIAV_reconstructed.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/FIAV_reconstructed.svg/46px-FIAV_reconstructed.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_011011.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/20px-FIAV_011011.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/30px-FIAV_011011.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/40px-FIAV_011011.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="210" /></a></span></div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <p>The first heraldic symbol that can be associated with what would become the Portuguese nation was on the shield used by <a href="/wiki/Henry,_Count_of_Portugal" title="Henry, Count of Portugal">Henry of Burgundy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Second_County_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Second County of Portugal">Count of Portugal</a> since 1095, during his battles with the <a href="/wiki/Moors" title="Moors">Moors</a>. This shield consisted of a blue cross over a white field.<sup id="cite_ref-flaghist_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flaghist-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, this design has no reliable sources since it is a reconstruction that became popular and widely accepted thanks to the nationalistic purposes of the Estado Novo regime.<sup id="cite_ref-amt_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amt-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Henry's son <a href="/wiki/Afonso_Henriques" class="mw-redirect" title="Afonso Henriques">Afonso Henriques</a> succeeded him in the county and took on the same shield. In 1139, despite being outnumbered, he defeated an army of <a href="/wiki/Almoravid" class="mw-redirect" title="Almoravid">Almoravid</a> Moors at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ourique" title="Battle of Ourique">Battle of Ourique</a> and proclaimed himself Afonso I, <a href="/wiki/King_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Portugal">King of Portugal</a>, in front of his troops. Following the official recognition by the neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Le%C3%B3n" title="Kingdom of León">León</a>, Afonso changed his shield in order to reflect his new political status. Sources state he charged the cross with five sets of an unspecified number of silver bezants (most likely large-headed silver nails), one set on the centre and one on each arm, symbolizing Afonso's newly gained right to issue currency.<sup id="cite_ref-flaghist_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flaghist-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (May 2021)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>During the time of Afonso I, it was typical not to repair battle damage inflicted on the shield, so changes such as the breaking off of pieces, colour shifting or stains were very common. When Sancho I succeeded his father Afonso I, in 1185, he inherited a very worn off shield: the blue-stained leather that made the cross had been lost except where the bezants (nails) held it in place. This involuntary degradation was the basis for the next step on the evolution of the national coat of arms, where a plain blue cross transformed into a compound cross of five blue bezant-charged escutcheons—the <i>quina</i> (Portuguese word meaning "group of five") were thus born.<sup id="cite_ref-flaghist_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flaghist-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (May 2021)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Sancho's personal shield (called <i>"Portugal ancien"</i><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>) consisted of a white field with a compound cross of five shields (each one charged with eleven silver bezants) with the bottom edges of the lateral ones facing towards the centre. Both Sancho's son <a href="/wiki/Afonso_II_of_Portugal" title="Afonso II of Portugal">Afonso II</a> and grandson <a href="/wiki/Sancho_II_of_Portugal" title="Sancho II of Portugal">Sancho II</a> used these arms,<sup id="cite_ref-flaghist_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flaghist-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as it was usual with direct succession lines (<a href="/wiki/Cadency" title="Cadency">cadency</a> system). A new modification of the royal arms was made when Sancho II's younger brother became king, in 1248. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1248–1495"><span id="1248.E2.80.931495"></span>1248–1495</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 1248–1495"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1248256098"><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PortugueseFlag1248.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="King Afonso III (1248)"><img alt="King Afonso III (1248)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/PortugueseFlag1248.svg/120px-PortugueseFlag1248.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/PortugueseFlag1248.svg/180px-PortugueseFlag1248.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/PortugueseFlag1248.svg/240px-PortugueseFlag1248.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="530" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">King <a href="/wiki/Afonso_III_of_Portugal" title="Afonso III of Portugal">Afonso III</a> (1248) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_reconstructed.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/FIAV_reconstructed.svg/23px-FIAV_reconstructed.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/FIAV_reconstructed.svg/35px-FIAV_reconstructed.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/FIAV_reconstructed.svg/46px-FIAV_reconstructed.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_011011.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/20px-FIAV_011011.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/30px-FIAV_011011.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/40px-FIAV_011011.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="210" /></a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PortugueseFlag1385.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="King John I (1385)"><img alt="King John I (1385)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/PortugueseFlag1385.svg/120px-PortugueseFlag1385.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/PortugueseFlag1385.svg/180px-PortugueseFlag1385.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/PortugueseFlag1385.svg/240px-PortugueseFlag1385.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="530" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">King <a href="/wiki/John_I_of_Portugal" title="John I of Portugal">John I</a> (1385) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_historical.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/23px-FIAV_historical.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/35px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/46px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_011011.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/20px-FIAV_011011.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/30px-FIAV_011011.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/40px-FIAV_011011.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="210" /></a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PortugueseFlag1485_(8_castles).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="King John II (1485)"><img alt="King John II (1485)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/PortugueseFlag1485_%288_castles%29.svg/120px-PortugueseFlag1485_%288_castles%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/PortugueseFlag1485_%288_castles%29.svg/180px-PortugueseFlag1485_%288_castles%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/PortugueseFlag1485_%288_castles%29.svg/240px-PortugueseFlag1485_%288_castles%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="530" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">King <a href="/wiki/John_II_of_Portugal" title="John II of Portugal">John II</a> (1485) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_historical.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/23px-FIAV_historical.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/35px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/46px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_011011.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/20px-FIAV_011011.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/30px-FIAV_011011.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/FIAV_011011.svg/40px-FIAV_011011.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="210" /></a></span></div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Afonso_III_of_Portugal" title="Afonso III of Portugal">Afonso III of Portugal</a> was not the eldest son, therefore heraldic practices stated he should not take his father's arms without adding a personal variation. Before becoming king, Afonso was married to <a href="/wiki/Matilda_II_of_Boulogne" class="mw-redirect" title="Matilda II of Boulogne">Matilda II of Boulogne</a> but her inability to provide him with a royal heir led Afonso to divorce her, in 1253. He then married <a href="/wiki/Beatrice_of_Castile_(1242-1303)" class="mw-redirect" title="Beatrice of Castile (1242-1303)">Beatrice of Castile</a>, an illegitimate daughter of <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_X_of_Castile" title="Alfonso X of Castile">Alfonso X of Castile</a>. It is more likely that it was this family connection with Castile (his mother was also Castilian) that justified the new heraldic addition to the royal arms—a red bordure charged with an undetermined number of yellow castles—rather than the definitive conquest of the <a href="/wiki/Algarve" title="Algarve">Algarve</a> and its Moorish fortresses, considering that the number of castles was only fixed in the late 16th century. </p><p>The inner portion contained the arms of Sancho I, although the number of bezants varied between seven, eleven and sixteen (the latter number was used on Afonso's personal standard while he was still <a href="/wiki/Count_of_Boulogne" title="Count of Boulogne">Count of Boulogne</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-flaghist_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flaghist-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This same design was used by the Portuguese kings until the end of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Burgundy" title="House of Burgundy">first dynasty</a>, in 1383; a <a href="/wiki/1383%E2%80%931385_Crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="1383–1385 Crisis">succession crisis</a> put the country at war with Castile and left it without a ruler for two years. </p><p>In 1385, in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aljubarrota" title="Battle of Aljubarrota">Battle of Aljubarrota</a>, a <a href="/wiki/House_of_Aviz" title="House of Aviz">second dynasty</a> was founded when John, Master of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Aviz" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Aviz">Order of Aviz</a> and illegitimate son of King <a href="/wiki/Peter_I_of_Portugal" title="Peter I of Portugal">Peter I</a>, acceded to the throne as <a href="/wiki/John_I_of_Portugal" title="John I of Portugal">John I</a>. To his personal banner, John I added his Order's <a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lys" class="mw-redirect" title="Fleur-de-lys">fleur-de-lys</a> cross, displayed as green flowery points on the red bordure; this inclusion reduced the number of castles to twelve (three around each corner). The number of bezants in each escutcheon was reduced from eleven to seven.<sup id="cite_ref-flaghist_14-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flaghist-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This banner lasted a hundred years until John I's great-grandson <a href="/wiki/John_II_of_Portugal" title="John II of Portugal">John II</a> restyled it, in 1485, introducing important changes: the removal of the Aviz cross, a downward arrangement and edge-smoothing of the shields, and the definitive fixing of five saltire-arranged bezants in each shield (summing up six <i>quinas</i>, i.e., six "groups of five": one <i>quina</i> of shields and five <i>quinas</i> of bezants) and seven castles on the bordure (as it is currently).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> John II's banner was the last armorial square banner used as the "national" flag or standard.<sup id="cite_ref-flaghist_14-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flaghist-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following his death, in 1495, radical changes were made by his successor.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1495–1667"><span id="1495.E2.80.931667"></span>1495–1667</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 1495–1667"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1248256098"><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal_(1495).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="King Manuel I (1495)"><img alt="King Manuel I (1495)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Portugal_%281495%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281495%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Portugal_%281495%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281495%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Portugal_%281495%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281495%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">King <a href="/wiki/Manuel_I_of_Portugal" title="Manuel I of Portugal">Manuel I</a> (1495) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_historical.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/23px-FIAV_historical.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/35px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/46px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_111111.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/FIAV_111111.svg/20px-FIAV_111111.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/FIAV_111111.svg/30px-FIAV_111111.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/FIAV_111111.svg/40px-FIAV_111111.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal_(1521).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="King John III (1521)"><img alt="King John III (1521)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Portugal_%281521%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281521%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Portugal_%281521%29.svg/270px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281521%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Portugal_%281521%29.svg/360px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281521%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">King <a href="/wiki/John_III_of_Portugal" title="John III of Portugal">John III</a> (1521) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_historical.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/23px-FIAV_historical.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/35px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/46px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_111111.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/FIAV_111111.svg/20px-FIAV_111111.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/FIAV_111111.svg/30px-FIAV_111111.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/FIAV_111111.svg/40px-FIAV_111111.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal_(1578).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="King Sebastian (1578)"><img alt="King Sebastian (1578)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Portugal_%281578%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281578%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Portugal_%281578%29.svg/270px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281578%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Portugal_%281578%29.svg/360px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281578%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">King <a href="/wiki/Sebastian_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebastian of Portugal">Sebastian</a> (1578) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_historical.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/23px-FIAV_historical.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/35px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/46px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_111111.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/FIAV_111111.svg/20px-FIAV_111111.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/FIAV_111111.svg/30px-FIAV_111111.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/FIAV_111111.svg/40px-FIAV_111111.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal_(1640).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="King John IV (1640)"><img alt="King John IV (1640)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_Portugal_%281640%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281640%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_Portugal_%281640%29.svg/270px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281640%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_Portugal_%281640%29.svg/360px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281640%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">King <a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Portugal" title="John IV of Portugal">John IV</a> (1640) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_historical.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/23px-FIAV_historical.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/35px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/46px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_111111.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/FIAV_111111.svg/20px-FIAV_111111.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/FIAV_111111.svg/30px-FIAV_111111.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/FIAV_111111.svg/40px-FIAV_111111.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <p>John II was succeeded by his first cousin <a href="/wiki/Manuel_I_of_Portugal" title="Manuel I of Portugal">Manuel I</a>, in 1495. This king was the first to convert the traditional square armorial banner into a rectangular (2:3) field with the coat of arms on its centre. Specifically, the flag was now a white rectangle centrally charged with the coat of arms (bearing eleven castles) on an <a href="/wiki/Ogive" title="Ogive">ogival</a> or <a href="/wiki/Heater_shield" title="Heater shield">heater</a>-shaped shield and surmounted by an open royal crown.<sup id="cite_ref-flaghist_14-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flaghist-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Manuel I possessed a personal standard which included the armillary sphere for the first time.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1521, <a href="/wiki/John_III_of_Portugal" title="John III of Portugal">John III</a> made minor changes to the flag by adopting a coat of arms (bearing only seven castles) with a round shaped shield.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1578, during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Sebastian_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebastian of Portugal">Sebastian</a> and on the eve of the fatal <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Alc%C3%A1cer_Quibir" title="Battle of Alcácer Quibir">Battle of Alcácer Quibir</a>, the flag was again modified. The number of castles was permanently fixed at seven and the royal crown was converted into a closed three-arched crown, which symbolized a stronger royal authority.<sup id="cite_ref-flaghist_14-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flaghist-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With Sebastian's death and the short-lived reign of his great-uncle <a href="/wiki/Henry,_King_of_Portugal" title="Henry, King of Portugal">Cardinal Henry</a>, in 1580, a <a href="/wiki/Struggle_for_the_throne_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Struggle for the throne of Portugal">dynastic crisis</a> was solved with the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish_monarchs" title="List of Spanish monarchs">Spanish king</a> <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Spain" title="Philip II of Spain">Philip II</a> acceding to the Portuguese throne as Philip I, installing a <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Dynasty">Spanish dynasty</a>. The accession was made on the condition that Portugal was ruled as a separate, autonomous state, not as a province. This was fulfilled as Portugal and <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> formed a <a href="/wiki/Personal_union" title="Personal union">personal union</a> under Philip I and his successors. A consequence of this administrative situation was the maintenance of the flag created under Sebastian's reign as the Portuguese national flag, while Spain had its own.<sup id="cite_ref-flaghist_14-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flaghist-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the ruling house in Portugal, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Standard_of_Spain#Historical_standards,_guidons_and_banners_of_arms_of_Spanish_monarchs" title="Royal Standard of Spain">Habsburg banner</a> also included the Portuguese arms.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The country regained its independence from Spain, in 1640, in a <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">coup d'état</a> that placed on the throne John, <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Bragan%C3%A7a" class="mw-redirect" title="Duke of Bragança">Duke of Bragança</a>, as King <a href="/wiki/John_IV_of_Portugal" title="John IV of Portugal">John IV</a>. Under his rule, the national flag was slightly changed as the ogival shield became rounded. It was from this reign forward that the royal arms and the kingdom's arms became separate banners.<sup id="cite_ref-flaghist_14-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flaghist-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1667–1830"><span id="1667.E2.80.931830"></span>1667–1830</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 1667–1830"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1248256098"><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal_(1667).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="King Peter II (1667)"><img alt="King Peter II (1667)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Flag_of_Portugal_%281667%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281667%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Flag_of_Portugal_%281667%29.svg/270px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281667%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Flag_of_Portugal_%281667%29.svg/360px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281667%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">King <a href="/wiki/Peter_II_of_Portugal" title="Peter II of Portugal">Peter II</a> (1667) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_historical.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/23px-FIAV_historical.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/35px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/46px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_111001.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/FIAV_111001.svg/20px-FIAV_111001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/FIAV_111001.svg/30px-FIAV_111001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/FIAV_111001.svg/40px-FIAV_111001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="210" /></a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal_(1707).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="King John V (1707)"><img alt="King John V (1707)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Portugal_%281707%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281707%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Portugal_%281707%29.svg/270px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281707%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Portugal_%281707%29.svg/360px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281707%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">King <a href="/wiki/John_V_of_Portugal" title="John V of Portugal">John V</a> (1707) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_historical.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/23px-FIAV_historical.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/35px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/46px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_111001.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/FIAV_111001.svg/20px-FIAV_111001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/FIAV_111001.svg/30px-FIAV_111001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/FIAV_111001.svg/40px-FIAV_111001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="210" /></a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal_(1750)_(variant).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="King Joseph I (1750)"><img alt="King Joseph I (1750)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Portugal_%281750%29_%28variant%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281750%29_%28variant%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Portugal_%281750%29_%28variant%29.svg/270px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281750%29_%28variant%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flag_of_Portugal_%281750%29_%28variant%29.svg/360px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281750%29_%28variant%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">King <a href="/wiki/Joseph_I_of_Portugal" title="Joseph I of Portugal">Joseph I</a> (1750)<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_historical.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/23px-FIAV_historical.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/35px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/46px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_111001.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/FIAV_111001.svg/20px-FIAV_111001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/FIAV_111001.svg/30px-FIAV_111001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/FIAV_111001.svg/40px-FIAV_111001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="210" /></a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_of_Portugal,_Brazil,_and_the_Algarves_(1815-1825).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="King John VI (1816)"><img alt="King John VI (1816)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_of_Portugal%2C_Brazil%2C_and_the_Algarves_%281815-1825%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_of_Portugal%2C_Brazil%2C_and_the_Algarves_%281815-1825%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_of_Portugal%2C_Brazil%2C_and_the_Algarves_%281815-1825%29.svg/270px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_of_Portugal%2C_Brazil%2C_and_the_Algarves_%281815-1825%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_of_Portugal%2C_Brazil%2C_and_the_Algarves_%281815-1825%29.svg/360px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_of_Portugal%2C_Brazil%2C_and_the_Algarves_%281815-1825%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">King <a href="/wiki/John_VI_of_Portugal" title="John VI of Portugal">John VI</a> (1816) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_historical.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/23px-FIAV_historical.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/35px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/46px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_111001.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/FIAV_111001.svg/20px-FIAV_111001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/FIAV_111001.svg/30px-FIAV_111001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/FIAV_111001.svg/40px-FIAV_111001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="210" /></a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal_(1707).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Queen Maria II (1826)"><img alt="Queen Maria II (1826)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Portugal_%281707%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281707%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Portugal_%281707%29.svg/270px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281707%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Portugal_%281707%29.svg/360px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281707%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Queen <a href="/wiki/Maria_II_of_Portugal" title="Maria II of Portugal">Maria II</a> (1826) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_historical.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/23px-FIAV_historical.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/35px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/46px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_111001.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/FIAV_111001.svg/20px-FIAV_111001.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/FIAV_111001.svg/30px-FIAV_111001.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/FIAV_111001.svg/40px-FIAV_111001.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="210" /></a></span></div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <p>When <a href="/wiki/Afonso_VI_of_Portugal" title="Afonso VI of Portugal">Afonso VI</a>'s younger brother <a href="/wiki/Peter_II_of_Portugal" title="Peter II of Portugal">Peter II</a> replaced him on the throne, in 1667, he adapted the flag's crown to fit the contemporary trends by transforming it into a five-arched crown.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The new flag did not remain unchanged for too long, as it was refurbished by Peter's son <a href="/wiki/John_V_of_Portugal" title="John V of Portugal">John V</a>, after he took the throne, in 1707. Heavily influenced by the luxurious and ostentatious court of the <a href="/wiki/French_king" class="mw-redirect" title="French king">French king</a> <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis XIV</a>, and by <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>'s political and cultural impact in Europe, John V wanted to transpose such style into the country's coat of arms. A red <a href="/wiki/Beret" title="Beret">beret</a> was then added under the crown. Besides the change of the crown, the shields started to be represented, on the flags, not only in the traditional round bottom shape ("Iberian type"), but also in other formats like the samnitic ("French type"), the horsehead ("Italian type") or the oval ("<a href="/wiki/Cartouche" title="Cartouche">cartouche</a>") shapes. Instated by an <a href="/wiki/Absolute_monarch" class="mw-redirect" title="Absolute monarch">absolute monarch</a> like John V, this flag endured through almost the entire absolutist period in Portugal—John V (1707–1750), <a href="/wiki/Joseph_I_of_Portugal" title="Joseph I of Portugal">Joseph I</a> (1750–1777) and <a href="/wiki/Maria_I_of_Portugal" title="Maria I of Portugal">Maria I</a> (1777–1816).<sup id="cite_ref-flaghist_14-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flaghist-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the second half of the 17th century, the maritime use of the white flag with the Royal coat of arms of Portugal was increasingly restricted to the war ships. An ordinance of 1692 expressly banned the use of this flag by the Portuguese merchant ships, restricting its use to ships with 20 or more cannons and with a complement of 40 or more men. The Portuguese merchant ships flew instead green and white striped flags, which were the national colours of Portugal at that time. The colours green and white were also used in other Portuguese flags, like the naval commissioning pennants. </p><p>With the <a href="/wiki/Peninsular_War" title="Peninsular War">invasion of Portugal</a> by <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_I_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon I of France">Napoleon</a>'s imperial army in 1807, the Portuguese Royal Court fled to <a href="/wiki/Colonial_Brazil" title="Colonial Brazil">Brazil</a>, establishing the capital of the Portuguese Monarchy and Empire in <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a>. In 1815, the Portuguese state of Brazil was elevated to a kingdom, thus receiving the same status as the Kingdom of Portugal and the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Algarve" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Algarve">Algarves</a>. The whole of the Portuguese Monarchy became then the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Portugal,_Brazil_and_the_Algarves" title="United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves">United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves</a>. To reflect the change of the status of the Portuguese Monarchy, the Prince Regent <a href="/wiki/John_VI_of_Portugal" title="John VI of Portugal">John</a> (future King João VI, at that time still reigning in name of his mother, Queen Mary I) established a new Royal coat of arms, where the Portuguese shield (representing Portugal and the Algarves) charged a blue-filled yellow armillary sphere (<a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Brazil" title="Coat of arms of Brazil">representing Brazil</a>) surmounted by the same beret-bearing five-arched crown. The new coat of arms replaced the previous one in the Portuguese flags.<sup id="cite_ref-flaghist_14-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flaghist-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite the end of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves, when Brazil became independent in 1822, its coat of arms continued to be used, inclusive in flags, until the death of João VI in 1826. From then on, the previous coat of arms, without the armillary sphere, became in use again. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="1830"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1830–1910"><span id="1830.E2.80.931910"></span>1830–1910</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 1830–1910"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1248256098"><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal_(1830%E2%80%931910).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Queen Maria II (1830)"><img alt="Queen Maria II (1830)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg/270px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg/360px-Flag_of_Portugal_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Queen <a href="/wiki/Maria_II_of_Portugal" title="Maria II of Portugal">Maria II</a> (1830) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_historical.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/23px-FIAV_historical.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/35px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/46px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_111000.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/FIAV_111000.svg/20px-FIAV_111000.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/FIAV_111000.svg/30px-FIAV_111000.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/FIAV_111000.svg/40px-FIAV_111000.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="210" /></a></span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portugal_at_sea_(1830%E2%80%931910).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Queen Maria II (1830)"><img alt="Queen Maria II (1830)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Portugal_at_sea_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_Portugal_at_sea_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Portugal_at_sea_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg/270px-Flag_of_Portugal_at_sea_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Portugal_at_sea_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg/360px-Flag_of_Portugal_at_sea_%281830%E2%80%931910%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Queen <a href="/wiki/Maria_II_of_Portugal" title="Maria II of Portugal">Maria II</a> (1830) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_historical.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/23px-FIAV_historical.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/35px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/FIAV_historical.svg/46px-FIAV_historical.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FIAV_000111.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/FIAV_000111.svg/20px-FIAV_000111.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/FIAV_000111.svg/30px-FIAV_000111.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/FIAV_000111.svg/40px-FIAV_000111.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="210" /></a></span></div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <p>João VI died in Lisbon in 1826. His elder son Peter, who had declared the independence of Brazil in 1822, becoming Emperor <a href="/wiki/Pedro_I_of_Brazil" title="Pedro I of Brazil">Pedro I</a>, succeeded to the Portuguese throne as Pedro IV. Because the new Brazilian constitution did not allow further personal unions of Portugal and Brazil, Pedro abdicated the Portuguese crown in favour of his elder daughter Maria da Glória, who became <a href="/wiki/Maria_II_of_Portugal" title="Maria II of Portugal">Maria II of Portugal</a>. She was only seven years old, so Pedro stated she would marry his brother <a href="/wiki/Miguel_I_of_Portugal" title="Miguel I of Portugal">Miguel</a> who would act as <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a>. However, in 1828, Miguel deposed Maria and proclaimed himself king, abolishing the 1822 liberal constitution and ruling as an absolute monarch. This started the period of the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Wars" title="Liberal Wars">Liberal Wars</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The liberals formed a separate government exiled on the <a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azorean</a> island of <a href="/wiki/Terceira_Island" title="Terceira Island">Terceira</a>. This government issued two decrees establishing modifications to the national flag. While supporters of usurper King Miguel I still upheld the flag established by João VI, the liberal supporters imposed important changes on it. The background was equally divided along its length into blue (hoist) and white (fly); the armillary sphere (associated with Brazil) was removed and the coat of arms was centred over the colour boundary; and the shield reverted to the "French type" shape of João V. This new flag configuration was decreed solely for terrestrial use, but a variation of it was used as the national <a href="/wiki/Ensign_(flag)" title="Ensign (flag)">ensign</a>. This ensign differed in the way the colours occupied the background (blue <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">3</span></span>, white <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">2</span>⁄<span class="den">3</span></span>) with a consequent positional shift of the arms.<sup id="cite_ref-flaghist_14-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flaghist-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the defeat and <a href="/wiki/Exile" title="Exile">exile</a> of Miguel in 1834, Queen Maria II returned to the throne and the standard of the victorious side was hoisted in Lisbon as the new national flag. It was in use for 80 years, witnessing the last period of the Portuguese monarchy until its abolition in 1910. Currently this flag is used by Portuguese monarchists. The Independence Day parade of Brazil also presented this flag in the standard marchpast, along with other historical flags of Portugal and Brazil. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Flag_protocol">Flag protocol</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Flag protocol"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Use">Use</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-right"><div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portuguese_Parliament_building_front_fachade.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Portuguese_Parliament_building_front_fachade.jpg/220px-Portuguese_Parliament_building_front_fachade.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Portuguese_Parliament_building_front_fachade.jpg/330px-Portuguese_Parliament_building_front_fachade.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Portuguese_Parliament_building_front_fachade.jpg/440px-Portuguese_Parliament_building_front_fachade.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Flag hoisted at the <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">Portuguese Parliament</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Castelo_Sao_Jorge_Lisboa_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Castelo_Sao_Jorge_Lisboa_2.JPG/220px-Castelo_Sao_Jorge_Lisboa_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Castelo_Sao_Jorge_Lisboa_2.JPG/330px-Castelo_Sao_Jorge_Lisboa_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0c/Castelo_Sao_Jorge_Lisboa_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="394" data-file-height="525" /></a><figcaption>Flag hoisted at the <a href="/wiki/Castle_of_S%C3%A3o_Jorge" class="mw-redirect" title="Castle of São Jorge">Castle of São Jorge</a></figcaption></figure> </div></div> <p>The Portuguese legislation concerning the use of the National Flag is mostly limited to the Decree-law 150/87, issued on 30 March 1987, which replaced the previous scarce legislation dated back to the beginning of the 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-protocolo_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-protocolo-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Decree-law 150/87 states that the flag is to be hoisted from 9:00 a.m. to sunset (during the night, it must be properly lit), on Sundays and national holidays, throughout the entire national territory. It can also be displayed on days where official ceremonies or other solemn public sessions are held; in this case, the flag is hoisted on-site. The flag can be hoisted on other days if it is considered appropriate by the central government, or by other regional or local governing bodies, or by heads of private institutions. It must follow the official design standard and be preserved in good condition.<sup id="cite_ref-protocolo_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-protocolo-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The headquarters buildings of the bodies of sovereignty, the flag can stay hoisted on a daily basis. It can also be hoisted on civilian and military national monuments; on public buildings associated with the central, regional or local administration; and on headquarters of public corporations and institutions. Citizens and private institutions can also display it, on the condition that they respect the relevant legal procedures. At the facilities of nationally based international organizations or in the case of international meetings, the flag is hoisted according to the protocol used on those situations.<sup id="cite_ref-protocolo_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-protocolo-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>If national <a href="/wiki/Mourning" title="Mourning">mourning</a> is declared, the flag will be flown at <a href="/wiki/Half-staff" class="mw-redirect" title="Half-staff">half-staff</a> during the fixed number of days; any flag hoisted along with it will be flown in the same manner.<sup id="cite_ref-protocolo_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-protocolo-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When unfurled in the presence of other flags, the national flag must not have smaller dimensions and must be situated in a prominent, honourable place, according to the relevant protocol.<sup id="cite_ref-protocolo_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-protocolo-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>If there are more than one flagpole, the National Flag should be flown: </p> <ul><li>Two flagpoles – on the right pole viewed by a person facing the exterior;</li> <li>Three flagpoles – on the central pole;</li> <li>More than three flagpoles: <ul><li>Within a building – if an odd number of poles, on the central pole; if an even number, on the first pole on the right of the centre;</li> <li>Outside a building – always on the rightmost pole;</li></ul></li></ul> <p>If the flagpoles do not have the same height, the flag must be flown on the highest pole. The poles should be placed in honourable locations of the ground, building façades and roofs. On public acts where the flag is not hoisted, it can be suspended from a distinct spot, but never used as decoration, covering or for any purpose that can diminish its dignity.<sup id="cite_ref-protocolo_17-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-protocolo-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Penalties">Penalties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Penalties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An early decree, from 28 December 1910, established that "any person who, through speech, published writings or any other public act, shows lack of respect to the national flag, which is the fatherland's symbol, will be sentenced to a three to twelve-month prison term with corresponding fine and, in case of relapse, will be sentenced to <a href="/wiki/Exile" title="Exile">exile</a>, as stated in the 62nd article of the <a href="/wiki/Penal_Code" class="mw-redirect" title="Penal Code">Penal Code</a>". In its 332nd article, the current penal code punishes infractions with a prison sentence of up to two years. If the sentence is shorter than 240 days, there is a formula for converting it into a fine.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> If the offense is directed towards regional symbols, the penalties are halved.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Folding">Folding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Folding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During formal occasions, four people are required to properly fold the flag, where each person holds one of the sides. A correctly folded flag must be a square limiting the national shield. However, the order by which the different folding steps are performed to achieve this result is not legislated.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The procedure begins with the flag fully extended and held in a horizontal plane with the <a href="/wiki/Obverse" class="mw-redirect" title="Obverse">obverse</a> facing down. One of the possible folding sequences is demonstrated below:<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <table class="wikitable center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Stage</th> <th>Description</th> <th>Example </th></tr> <tr> <th>First </th> <td>The upper third of the flag's height is folded into the <a href="/wiki/Obverse_and_reverse" title="Obverse and reverse">reverse</a> side until the crease is positioned over the shield's upper edge line. </td> <td style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PT-fold1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/PT-fold1.png/150px-PT-fold1.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/PT-fold1.png/225px-PT-fold1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/PT-fold1.png/300px-PT-fold1.png 2x" data-file-width="599" data-file-height="269" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Second </th> <td>The lower third of the flag's height is folded into the <a href="/wiki/Obverse_and_reverse" title="Obverse and reverse">reverse</a> side until the crease is positioned over the shield's lowest point. </td> <td style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PT-fold2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/PT-fold2.png/150px-PT-fold2.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/PT-fold2.png/225px-PT-fold2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/PT-fold2.png/300px-PT-fold2.png 2x" data-file-width="599" data-file-height="139" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Third </th> <td>The folding proceeds along the width axis, with the fly's (red) union with the hoist (green) and the fold's placement over the shield's right edge. </td> <td style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PT-fold3.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/PT-fold3.png/75px-PT-fold3.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/PT-fold3.png/113px-PT-fold3.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/PT-fold3.png/150px-PT-fold3.png 2x" data-file-width="298" data-file-height="139" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Fourth </th> <td>Finally, the hoist is folded in a way that the resulting crease lies on top of the shield's left edge. </td> <td style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PT-fold4.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/PT-fold4.png/30px-PT-fold4.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/PT-fold4.png/45px-PT-fold4.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/PT-fold4.png/60px-PT-fold4.png 2x" data-file-width="121" data-file-height="139" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_flags">Military flags</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Military flags"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The National Flag of Portugal also serves as <a href="/wiki/War_flag" title="War flag">war flag</a> and ensign, so being flown on military facilities and naval ships. There are however specific national military flags for specific uses, namely the military colours, the naval jack and the naval pennant. The military colours are occasionally referred as war flag, however they are not to be flown on military facilities but are only to be carried by the military units on parades. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1248256098"><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Military_flag_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="National colours"><img alt="National colours" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Military_flag_of_Portugal.svg/130px-Military_flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Military_flag_of_Portugal.svg/195px-Military_flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Military_flag_of_Portugal.svg/260px-Military_flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="542" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/National_colours_of_Portugal" title="National colours of Portugal">National colours</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Naval_Jack_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Naval jack"><img alt="Naval jack" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Naval_Jack_of_Portugal.svg/120px-Naval_Jack_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Naval_Jack_of_Portugal.svg/180px-Naval_Jack_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Naval_Jack_of_Portugal.svg/240px-Naval_Jack_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Naval jack</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Portuguese_pennant.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Naval commissioning pennant"><img alt="Naval commissioning pennant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Portuguese_pennant.svg/180px-Portuguese_pennant.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Portuguese_pennant.svg/270px-Portuguese_pennant.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Portuguese_pennant.svg/360px-Portuguese_pennant.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1002" data-file-height="85" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Naval commissioning pennant</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_colours">National colours</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: National colours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fusilliers_marins_Portugais.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Fusilliers_marins_Portugais.jpg/220px-Fusilliers_marins_Portugais.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Fusilliers_marins_Portugais.jpg/330px-Fusilliers_marins_Portugais.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Fusilliers_marins_Portugais.jpg/440px-Fusilliers_marins_Portugais.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2725" data-file-height="1962" /></a><figcaption>A Portuguese tri-service colour guard leads a detachment of marines, carrying the national colours during the 2007 <a href="/wiki/Bastille_Day_Military_Parade" class="mw-redirect" title="Bastille Day Military Parade">Bastille Day Military Parade</a> in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Colors,_standards_and_guidons" class="mw-redirect" title="Colors, standards and guidons">national colours</a> constitute the portable variants of the National Flag for use on parades by the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Armed_Forces" title="Portuguese Armed Forces">military units</a>. In the past, the colours had a practical function, being used as a signal to guide the military units in battle. Originally, the colours were referred as "regimental flags" (<i>bandeiras regimentais</i>) or "military units flags" (<i>bandeiras das unidades militares</i>), but now they are referred as "national standards" (<i>estandartes nacionais</i>). The colours are always carried in parade by a junior officer, escorted by a <a href="/wiki/Colour_guard" title="Colour guard">colour guard</a>. </p><p>The standard model of the colours – also adopted in 1911 – is a rectangular flag measuring 1.20 m (3 ft 11 in) in width and 1.30 m (4 ft 3 in) in length (ratio 12:13). Green and red are positioned at the hoist and fly, respectively, but occupy the field in an equal manner (1:1). Centred over the colour boundary lie the armillary sphere and Portuguese shield, surrounded by two yellow <a href="/wiki/Bay_laurel" class="mw-redirect" title="Bay laurel">laurel</a> branches intersecting at their stems. These are bound by a white stripe bearing the verse by <a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_de_Cam%C3%B5es" title="Luís de Camões">Luís de Camões</a> <i>"Esta é a ditosa pátria minha amada"</i> (English: <span lang="en">"This is my beloved fortunate motherland"</span>) as the <a href="/wiki/Motto" title="Motto">motto</a>. This differs from the version of <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal" title="Coat of arms of Portugal">coat of arms</a> employed as emblem, where the laurel shoots are tied by a green and red stripe without the verse. The sphere's outer diameter is one-third of the width and lies 35 cm (14 in) from the upper edge and 45 cm (18 in) from the lower edge.<sup id="cite_ref-decreto_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-decreto-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the 1911 regulation is, theoretically, still in force, the various branches of the Armed Forces made specific changes to it and so, several types of colours are used by the different military units. For example, the colours adopted by the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Army" title="Portuguese Army">Portuguese Army</a>, in 1979, measures just 0.80 m × 0.80 m (2 ft 7 in × 2 ft 7 in). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Naval_jack">Naval jack</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Naval jack"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Portuguese <a href="/wiki/Naval_jack" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval jack">naval jack</a> (<i>jaco</i> or <i>jaque</i>) is only hoisted at the <a href="/wiki/Prow" class="mw-redirect" title="Prow">prow</a> of docked or anchored <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Navy" title="Portuguese Navy">Navy</a> ships, from sunrise to sunset. The national flag is permanently hoisted at the <a href="/wiki/Stern" title="Stern">stern</a>, when sailing, and from sunrise to sunset, when docked.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a square flag (ratio 1:1) bearing a green-bordered red field with the minor coat of arms on the centre. The width of the green border and the diameter of the armillary sphere are equal to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">7</span></span> of the side's dimension, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-decreto_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-decreto-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commissioning_pennant">Commissioning pennant</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Commissioning pennant"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Portuguese <a href="/wiki/Commissioning_pennant" title="Commissioning pennant">commissioning pennant</a> (<i>flâmula</i>) is a long triangular flag, green on the hoist and red on the fly. It is to be flown on the main mast of the naval ships commanded by officers.<sup id="cite_ref-decreto_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-decreto-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_flags">Government flags</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Government flags"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Highly ranked state and governmental offices are also represented by their own flags. The <a href="/wiki/President_of_Portugal" title="President of Portugal">President of the Republic</a> (<span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">Presidente da República</i></span>) uses a flag largely similar to the national flag, except for having dark green as the only background colour.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is usually hoisted at the President's official residence, the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Bel%C3%A9m" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace of Belém">Palace of Belém</a>, as well as on the presidential car, as small-sized flags. The flag of the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Portugal" title="Prime Minister of Portugal">Prime-Minister</a> is a white rectangle (ratio 2:3) with a dark green saltire, holding the lesser coat of arms on its centre, and a red bordure charged with a pattern of yellow laurel leaves. Other ministerial flags do not possess the red bordure.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Assembly_of_the_Republic" title="Flag of the Assembly of the Republic">flag</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">Assembly of the Republic</a> (<span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">Assembleia da República</i></span>), the national parliament, is also a white rectangle (ratio 2:3) with the lesser coat of arms in the centre and a dark green border.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1248256098"><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_President_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="President of the Republic"><img alt="President of the Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Portugal.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Portugal.svg/270px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Portugal.svg/360px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/President_of_Portugal" title="President of Portugal">President of the Republic</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Portuguese_Assembly_of_the_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Assembly of the Republic"><img alt="Assembly of the Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_Portuguese_Assembly_of_the_Republic.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Portuguese_Assembly_of_the_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_Portuguese_Assembly_of_the_Republic.svg/270px-Flag_of_the_Portuguese_Assembly_of_the_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_Portuguese_Assembly_of_the_Republic.svg/360px-Flag_of_the_Portuguese_Assembly_of_the_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">Assembly of the Republic</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Prime Minister"><img alt="Prime Minister" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Portugal.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Portugal.svg/270px-Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Portugal.svg/360px-Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Portugal" title="Prime Minister of Portugal">Prime Minister</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Portuguese_Minister.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Minister"><img alt="Minister" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Flag_of_Portuguese_Minister.svg/180px-Flag_of_Portuguese_Minister.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Flag_of_Portuguese_Minister.svg/270px-Flag_of_Portuguese_Minister.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Flag_of_Portuguese_Minister.svg/360px-Flag_of_Portuguese_Minister.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Minister_(government)" title="Minister (government)">Minister</a></div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/32px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/48px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/64px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Portugal" title="Portal:Portugal">Portugal portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_vexillology" title="Portuguese vexillology">Portuguese vexillology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Portuguese_flags" title="List of Portuguese flags">List of Portuguese flags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal" title="Coat of arms of Portugal">Coat of arms of Portugal</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_1"><b><a href="#ref_1">^</a></b></span> From the original Portuguese blazon: "<i>De prata, cinco escudetes, de blau, postos em cruz, cada um carregado com cinco besantes, de prata, postos em aspa; bordadura, de gules, carregada com sete castelos, de ouro, dos quais três em chefe</i>".<sup id="cite_ref-jorgesampaio_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jorgesampaio-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/flag-of-Portugal">"flag of Portugal | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-08-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=flag+of+Portugal+%7C+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Fflag-of-Portugal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/flag-of-Portugal">"flag of Portugal | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-08-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=flag+of+Portugal+%7C+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Fflag-of-Portugal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-decreto-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-decreto_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-decreto_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-decreto_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-decreto_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-decreto_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-decreto_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPortugal" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Portugal, Government. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120827073537/http://www.portugal.gov.pt/pt/a-democracia-portuguesa/simbolos-nacionais/decreto-que-aprova-a-bandeira-nacional.aspx">"Decreto que aprova a Bandeira Nacional"</a>. <i>Símbolos Nacionais</i> (in Portuguese). Portal do Governo. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.portugal.gov.pt/pt/a-democracia-portuguesa/simbolos-nacionais/decreto-que-aprova-a-bandeira-nacional.aspx">the original</a> on 27 August 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=S%C3%ADmbolos+Nacionais&rft.atitle=Decreto+que+aprova+a+Bandeira+Nacional&rft.aulast=Portugal&rft.aufirst=Government&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.portugal.gov.pt%2Fpt%2Fa-democracia-portuguesa%2Fsimbolos-nacionais%2Fdecreto-que-aprova-a-bandeira-nacional.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jorgesampaio-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jorgesampaio_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jorgesampaio_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jorgesampaio_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jorgesampaio_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jorgesampaio_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jorgesampaio_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSampaio" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sampaio, Jorge. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jorgesampaio.arquivo.presidencia.pt/pt/republica/simbolos/bandeiras/index.html#imgs">"Bandeira nacional da República Portuguesa — desenho"</a>. <i>Símbolos da República</i> (in Portuguese). Presidente da República<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=S%C3%ADmbolos+da+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.atitle=Bandeira+nacional+da+Rep%C3%BAblica+Portuguesa+%E2%80%94+desenho&rft.aulast=Sampaio&rft.aufirst=Jorge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjorgesampaio.arquivo.presidencia.pt%2Fpt%2Frepublica%2Fsimbolos%2Fbandeiras%2Findex.html%23imgs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-origenscores-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-origenscores_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-origenscores_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-origenscores_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-origenscores_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTeixeira1991" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Teixeira, Nuno Severiano (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jorgesampaio.arquivo.presidencia.pt/pt/republica/simbolos/simbolica.html">"Do azul-branco ao verde-rubro: a simbólica da bandeira nacional"</a>. <i>A Memória da Nação</i> (in Portuguese)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=A+Mem%C3%B3ria+da+Na%C3%A7%C3%A3o&rft.atitle=Do+azul-branco+ao+verde-rubro%3A+a+simb%C3%B3lica+da+bandeira+nacional.&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Teixeira&rft.aufirst=Nuno+Severiano&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjorgesampaio.arquivo.presidencia.pt%2Fpt%2Frepublica%2Fsimbolos%2Fsimbolica.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mdn-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mdn_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mdn_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mdn_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071222055912/http://www.mdn.gov.pt/mdn/pt/Defesa/simbolos/bandeira/Simbolos_Bandeira_Nacional.htm">"A Bandeira Nacional"</a>. <i>Símbolos</i> (in Portuguese). Ministério da Defesa Nacional. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mdn.gov.pt/mdn/pt/Defesa/simbolos/bandeira/Simbolos_Bandeira_Nacional.htm">the original</a> on 22 December 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=S%C3%ADmbolos&rft.atitle=A+Bandeira+Nacional&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mdn.gov.pt%2Fmdn%2Fpt%2FDefesa%2Fsimbolos%2Fbandeira%2FSimbolos_Bandeira_Nacional.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-amt-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-amt_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-amt_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-amt_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070225123056/http://amt.no.sapo.pt/novaversao/historia/hist001.htm">"Bandeiras de Portugal"</a> (in Portuguese). Acção Monárquica Tradicionalista. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amt.no.sapo.pt/novaversao/historia/hist001.htm">the original</a> on 2007-02-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Lendas de Portugal. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lendasdeportugal.no.sapo.pt/distritos/beja.htm">the original</a> on 2007-02-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-03-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Heritage&rft.atitle=Monastery+of+the+Jer%C3%B3nimos+2007+%2F2008and+Tower+of+Bel%C3%A9m+in+Lisbon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.igespar.pt%2Fen%2Fpatrimonio%2Fmundial%2Fportugal%2F110%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartins" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Martins, António. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070111011630/http://www.tuvalkin.web.pt/terravista/guincho/1421/bandeira/pt_real.htm">"Estandartes dos reis portugueses"</a>. <i>Bandeiras de Portugal</i> (in Portuguese). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-02-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bandeiras+de+Portugal&rft.atitle=Estandartes+dos+reis+portugueses&rft.aulast=Martins&rft.aufirst=Ant%C3%B3nio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tuvalkin.web.pt%2Fterravista%2Fguincho%2F1421%2Fbandeira%2Fpt_real.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-flaghist-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-flaghist_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-flaghist_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-flaghist_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-flaghist_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-flaghist_14-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-flaghist_14-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-flaghist_14-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-flaghist_14-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-flaghist_14-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-flaghist_14-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-flaghist_14-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-flaghist_14-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-flaghist_14-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-flaghist_14-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartins" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Martins, António. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070125161233/http://www.tuvalkin.web.pt/terravista/Guincho/1421/bandeira/pt_hist.htm#1143">"História da Bandeira de Portugal"</a>. <i>Bandeiras de Portugal</i> (in Portuguese). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-02-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Distintivos&rft.pub=Associa%C3%A7%C3%A3o+Nacional+de+Cruzeiros+%28A.N.C.%29&rft.date=1997-10-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ancruzeiros.pt%2Fancdistintivos.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCandlessGrosvenor1917" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Byron_McCandless" title="Byron McCandless">McCandless, Byron</a>; <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Hovey_Grosvenor" title="Gilbert Hovey Grosvenor">Grosvenor, Gilbert</a> (1917). <i>Flags of the World</i>. <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Society" title="National Geographic Society">National Geographic Society</a>. p. 376. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/2826771">2826771</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flags+of+the+World&rft.pages=376&rft.pub=National+Geographic+Society&rft.date=1917&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F2826771&rft.aulast=McCandless&rft.aufirst=Byron&rft.au=Grosvenor%2C+Gilbert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/2006/12/24800/85748575.PDF">"Resolução da Assembleia da República nº 73/2006: Bandeira de hastear da Assembleia da República"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Diário da República</i>. 1st (in Portuguese) (248). Instituto Nacional da Casa da Moeda, S.A.: 8574–8575 2006-12-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-01-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Di%C3%A1rio+da+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.atitle=Resolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o+da+Assembleia+da+Rep%C3%BAblica+n%C2%BA+73%2F2006%3A+Bandeira+de+hastear+da+Assembleia+da+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.issue=248&rft.pages=8574-8575&rft.date=2006-12-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdre.pt%2Fpdf1sdip%2F2006%2F12%2F24800%2F85748575.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCoelho1908" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Coelho, Trindade (1908). <i>Manual político do cidadão portuguêz</i> (in Portuguese) (2nd ed.). Porto: Emprésa Litteraria e Typographica. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/6129820">6129820</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manual+pol%C3%ADtico+do+cidad%C3%A3o+portugu%C3%AAz&rft.place=Porto&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Empr%C3%A9sa+Litteraria+e+Typographica&rft.date=1908&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F6129820&rft.aulast=Coelho&rft.aufirst=Trindade&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPinheiro1910" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Columbano_Bordalo_Pinheiro" title="Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro">Pinheiro, Columbano Bordalo</a> (1910). <i>Bandeira Nacional: Modelo approvado pelo Governo Provisorio da Republica Portuguesa</i> (in Portuguese) (1st ed.). Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/24780919">24780919</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bandeira+Nacional%3A+Modelo+approvado+pelo+Governo+Provisorio+da+Republica+Portuguesa&rft.place=Lisbon&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Imprensa+Nacional&rft.date=1910&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F24780919&rft.aulast=Pinheiro&rft.aufirst=Columbano+Bordalo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Portugal" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:National_flag_of_Portugal" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:National flag of Portugal">National flag of Portugal</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fotw.info/flags/pt.html">Portugal</a> at <a href="/wiki/Flags_of_the_World_(website)" title="Flags of the World (website)">Flags of the World</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171224213851/http://5outubro.centenariorepublica.pt/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=100&Itemid=98">PROJECTOS DE BANDEIRA NACIONAL</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.presidencia.pt/en/president-of-the-republic/the-presidency/national-symbols/national-flag/">National Flag</a> from the President of Portugal</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.museu.presidencia.pt/pt/conhecer/simbolos-nacionais/bandeira-nacional/">Bandeira Nacional</a> by Museum of the Presidency of the Republic <span class="languageicon">(in Portuguese)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ancruzeiros.pt/ancdrp/bandeiras-navais-portuguesas">Portuguese Naval Flags</a> by Associação Nacional de Cruzeiros <span class="languageicon">(in Portuguese)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Portugal_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link 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li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Portugal_topics" title="Template:Portugal topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Portugal_topics" title="Template talk:Portugal topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Portugal_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Portugal topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Portugal_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Portugal-related_articles" title="Index of Portugal-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Portugal" title="History of Portugal">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Portuguese_history" title="Timeline of Portuguese history">Timeline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oestriminis" title="Oestriminis">Oestriminis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ophiussa" title="Ophiussa">Ophiussa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusitanians" title="Lusitanians">Lusitanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusitania" title="Lusitania">Lusitania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallaecia" title="Gallaecia">Gallaecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispania" title="Hispania">Hispania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suebi" title="Suebi">Suebi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buri_tribe" title="Buri tribe">Buri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visigoths" title="Visigoths">Visigoths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Andalus" title="Al-Andalus">Al-Andalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_of_Portugal" title="County of Portugal">County of Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Zamora" title="Treaty of Zamora">Treaty of Zamora</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manifestis_Probatum" title="Manifestis Probatum">Manifestis Probatum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Kingdom of Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Portuguese_monarchs" title="List of Portuguese monarchs">Monarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1383%E2%80%931385_Portuguese_interregnum" title="1383–1385 Portuguese interregnum">1383–1385 interregnum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Windsor_(1386)" title="Treaty of Windsor (1386)">Treaty of Windsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Portugal in the Middle Ages">Consolidation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Portugal_(1415%E2%80%931578)" title="History of Portugal (1415–1578)">Portuguese golden age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Empire" title="Portuguese Empire">Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Renaissance" title="Portuguese Renaissance">Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Tordesillas" title="Treaty of Tordesillas">Treaty of Tordesillas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Union" title="Iberian Union">Iberian Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Restoration_War" title="Portuguese Restoration War">Restoration War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1755_Lisbon_earthquake" title="1755 Lisbon earthquake">1755 Lisbon earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1761_Lisbon_earthquake" title="1761 Lisbon earthquake">1761 Lisbon earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Portugal_(1777%E2%80%931834)" title="History of Portugal (1777–1834)">History of Portugal (1777–1834)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peninsular_War" title="Peninsular War">Peninsular War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Portugal,_Brazil_and_the_Algarves" title="United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves">United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Revolution_of_1820" title="Liberal Revolution of 1820">Liberal Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Wars" title="Liberal Wars">Liberal Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Portugal_(1834%E2%80%931910)" title="History of Portugal (1834–1910)">Constitutional monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_October_1910_revolution" title="5 October 1910 revolution">Republican Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Portuguese_Republic" title="First Portuguese Republic">First Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal_during_World_War_I" title="Portugal during World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/28_May_1926_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="28 May 1926 coup d'état">28 de Maio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estado_Novo_(Portugal)" title="Estado Novo (Portugal)">Estado Novo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Colonial_War" title="Portuguese Colonial War">Overseas War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnation_Revolution" title="Carnation Revolution">Carnation Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Portuguese_Republic" title="Third Portuguese Republic">Third Republic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Portugal" title="Economic history of Portugal">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Portugal" title="Military history of Portugal">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_history_of_Portugal" title="Music history of Portugal">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Portuguese" title="History of Portuguese">Language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Portuguese_shield.svg/80px-Portuguese_shield.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Portuguese_shield.svg/120px-Portuguese_shield.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Portuguese_shield.svg/160px-Portuguese_shield.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="293" data-file-height="342" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Portugal" title="Geography of Portugal">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Portugal" title="List of cities in Portugal">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Portugal" title="List of mountains in Portugal">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Portugal" title="List of islands of Portugal">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Portugal" title="List of lakes of Portugal">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Portugal" title="Administrative divisions of Portugal">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Portugal" title="List of rivers of Portugal">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Portugal" title="List of earthquakes in Portugal">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Portugal" title="List of volcanoes in Portugal">Volcanoes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Portugal" title="Politics of Portugal">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Portugal" title="Administrative divisions of Portugal">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Portugal" title="Constitution of Portugal">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Portugal" title="Elections in Portugal">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Portugal" title="Foreign relations of Portugal">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Portugal" title="Government of Portugal">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Portugal" title="Judiciary of Portugal">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Portugal" title="Law of Portugal">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Portugal" title="Law enforcement in Portugal">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Portugal" title="Human rights in Portugal">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Portugal">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Armed_Forces" title="Portuguese Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Portugal" title="List of political parties in Portugal">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Portugal" title="President of Portugal">President</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Portugal" title="Economy of Portugal">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Portugal" title="Agriculture in Portugal">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banco_de_Portugal" title="Banco de Portugal">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Portugal" title="Economic history of Portugal">Economic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Portugal" title="Energy in Portugal">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone_of_Portugal" title="Exclusive economic zone of Portugal">Exclusive Economic Zone <span style="font-size:85%;">(EEZ)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_in_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Fishing in Portugal">Fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Portugal" title="Mining in Portugal">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Portugal" title="Science and technology in Portugal">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euronext_Lisbon" title="Euronext Lisbon">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Portugal" title="Telecommunications in Portugal">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Portugal" title="Tourism in Portugal">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Portugal" title="Transport in Portugal">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Portugal" title="Category:Society of Portugal">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Portugal" title="Crime in Portugal">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Portugal" title="Demographics of Portugal">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_policy_of_Portugal" title="Drug policy of Portugal">Drug policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Portugal" title="Education in Portugal">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Portugal" title="Health in Portugal">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Portugal" title="Homelessness in Portugal">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_in_Portugal" title="Housing in Portugal">Housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Portugal" title="Immigration to Portugal">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Portugal" title="Languages of Portugal">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naturism_in_Portugal" title="Naturism in Portugal">Naturism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_people" title="Portuguese people">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Poverty in Portugal">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Portugal" title="Prostitution in Portugal">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Portugal" title="Time in Portugal">Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Portugal" title="Women in Portugal">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Portugal" title="Culture of Portugal">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_architecture" title="Portuguese architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Portugal" title="Cinema of Portugal">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_cuisine" title="Portuguese cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_wine" title="Portuguese wine">Wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_literature" title="Portuguese literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Portugal" title="Mass media in Portugal">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_monuments_of_Portugal" title="List of national monuments of Portugal">Monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Portugal" title="Music of Portugal">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Portugal" title="Public holidays in Portugal">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Portugal" title="Religion in Portugal">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Portugal" title="Sport in Portugal">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Portugal" title="National symbols of Portugal">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Portugal" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Portugal">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Portugal" title="Outline of Portugal">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Portugal-related_articles" title="Index of Portugal-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Portugal" title="Category:Portugal">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Portugal" title="Portal:Portugal">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Flags_of_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Flags_of_Europe" title="Template:Flags of Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Flags_of_Europe" title="Template talk:Flags of Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Flags_of_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Flags of Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Flags_of_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Flags_of_Europe" title="Flags of Europe">Flags of Europe</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Albania" title="Flag of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Andorra" title="Flag of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Armenia" title="Flag of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Austria" title="Flag of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Azerbaijan" title="Flag of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Belarus" title="Flag of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Belgium" title="Flag of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Bulgaria" title="Flag of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Croatia" title="Flag of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Cyprus" title="Flag of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Flag of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Denmark" title="Flag of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Estonia" title="Flag of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Finland" title="Flag of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_France" title="Flag of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Flag of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Germany" title="Flag of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Greece" title="Flag of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Hungary" title="Flag of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Iceland" title="Flag of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Ireland" title="Flag of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Italy" title="Flag of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Kazakhstan" title="Flag of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Latvia" title="Flag of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Liechtenstein" title="Flag of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Lithuania" title="Flag of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Luxembourg" title="Flag of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Malta" title="Flag of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Moldova" title="Flag of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Monaco" title="Flag of Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Montenegro" title="Flag of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Netherlands" title="Flag of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_North_Macedonia" title="Flag of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Norway" title="Flag of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Poland" title="Flag of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Romania" title="Flag of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Russia" title="Flag of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_San_Marino" title="Flag of San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Serbia" title="Flag of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Slovakia" title="Flag of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Slovenia" title="Flag of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Spain" title="Flag of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Sweden" title="Flag of Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Switzerland" title="Flag of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Turkey" title="Flag of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Ukraine" title="Flag of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Flag of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Vatican_City" title="Flag of Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary.svg/100px-Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary.svg/150px-Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary.svg/200px-Europe_orthographic_Caucasus_Urals_boundary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="537" data-file-height="536" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Abkhazia" title="Flag of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Kosovo" title="Flag of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Flag of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_South_Ossetia" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Transnistria" title="Flag of Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_%C3%85land" title="Flag of Åland">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Flag of the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Gibraltar" title="Flag of Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Guernsey" title="Flag of Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man" title="Flag of the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Jersey" title="Flag of Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Svalbard" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag of Svalbard">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Europe" title="Flag of Europe">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_and_coat_of_arms_of_the_Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" title="Flag and coat of arms of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&oldid=1259134909">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Portugal&oldid=1259134909</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Flags_of_Portugal" title="Category:Flags of Portugal">Flags of Portugal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Flags_introduced_in_1911" title="Category:Flags introduced in 1911">Flags introduced in 1911</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_flags" 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