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Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B2" title="يفغيني ليفشتز – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="يفغيني ليفشتز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%9E%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%84%D1%88%D1%8B%D1%86" title="Яўген Міхайлавіч Ліфшыц – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Яўген Міхайлавіч Ліфшыц" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ievgueni_L%C3%ADfxits" title="Ievgueni Lífxits – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ievgueni Lífxits" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jevgenij_Michajlovi%C4%8D_Lif%C5%A1ic" title="Jevgenij Michajlovič Lifšic – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jevgenij Michajlovič Lifšic" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewgeni_Michailowitsch_Lifschiz" title="Jewgeni Michailowitsch Lifschiz – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jewgeni Michailowitsch Lifschiz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yevgueni_Lifshits" title="Yevgueni Lifshits – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Yevgueni Lifshits" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%81%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B2" title="اوگنی لیفشیتز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اوگنی لیفشیتز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evgueni_Lifchits" title="Evgueni Lifchits – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Evgueni Lifchits" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D5%BE%D5%A3%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D4%BC%D5%AB%D6%86%D5%B7%D5%AB%D6%81" title="Եվգենի Լիֆշից – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Եվգենի Լիֆշից" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evgeny_Lifshitz" title="Evgeny Lifshitz – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Evgeny Lifshitz" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evgenij_Michajlovi%C4%8D_Lif%C5%A1ic" title="Evgenij Michajlovič Lifšic – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Evgenij Michajlovič Lifšic" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%91%D7%92%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%A5" title="יבגני ליפשיץ – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יבגני ליפשיץ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evgeny_Lifshitz" title="Evgeny Lifshitz – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Evgeny Lifshitz" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%89_%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B2" title="يفجينى ليفشتز – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="يفجينى ليفشتز" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%95%E3%82%B2%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AA%E3%83%95%E3%82%B7%E3%83%83%E3%83%84" title="エフゲニー・リフシッツ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エフゲニー・リフシッツ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evgeny_Lifshitz" title="Evgeny Lifshitz – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Evgeny Lifshitz" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evgheni_Lif%C8%99i%C8%9B" title="Evgheni Lifșiț – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Evgheni Lifșiț" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%86,_%D0%95%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Лифшиц, Евгений Михайлович – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лифшиц, Евгений Михайлович" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jevgenij_Mihajlovi%C4%8D_Lif%C5%A1ic" title="Jevgenij Mihajlovič Lifšic – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Jevgenij Mihajlovič Lifšic" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5_%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8B" title="เยฟเกนี ลิฟชิซ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เยฟเกนี ลิฟชิซ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%84%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8C_%D0%84%D0%B2%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Ліфшиць Євген Михайлович – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ліфшиць Євген Михайлович" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Soviet physicist (1915–1985)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Evgeny Lifshitz</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="nickname" lang="ru">Евгений Лифшиц</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Evgeny Mikhailovich Lifshitz</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1915-02-21</span>)</span>21 February 1915<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Kharkov" class="mw-redirect" title="Kharkov">Kharkov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kharkov_Governorate" title="Kharkov Governorate">Kharkov Governorate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">29 October 1985<span style="display:none">(1985-10-29)</span> (aged 70)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">RSFSR</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lifshitz_theory_of_van_der_Waals_force" title="Lifshitz theory of van der Waals force">Lifshitz theory of van der Waals force</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Lifshitz%E2%80%93Gilbert_equation" title="Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation">Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Lifshitz_model" title="Landau–Lifshitz model">Landau–Lifshitz model</a><br /><a href="/wiki/BKL_singularity" title="BKL singularity">BKL singularity</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Multicritical_point" title="Multicritical point">Lifschitz point</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Abraham%E2%80%93Lorentz_force#Landau–Lifshitz_radiation_damping_force" title="Abraham–Lorentz force">Landau–Lifshitz force</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Lifshitz_pseudotensor" class="mw-redirect" title="Landau–Lifshitz pseudotensor">Landau–Lifshitz pseudotensor</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Aeroacoustics#Landau–Lifshitz_aeroacoustic_equation" title="Aeroacoustics">Landau–Lifshitz aeroacoustic equation</a><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Course_of_Theoretical_Physics" title="Course of Theoretical Physics">Course of Theoretical Physics</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lenin_Prize" title="Lenin Prize">Lenin Prize</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Physics" title="Physics">Physics</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Kharkiv" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Kharkiv">University of Kharkiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_Polytechnic_Institute" title="Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute">Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Doctoral_advisor" title="Doctoral advisor">Doctoral advisor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau">Lev Landau</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Doctoral students</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lev_Pitaevskii" title="Lev Pitaevskii">Lev Pitaevskii</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Evgeny Mikhailovich Lifshitz</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Member_of_the_Royal_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign Member of the Royal Society">ForMemRS</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-frs_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frs-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: <span lang="uk">Євге́н Миха́йлович Лі́фшиць</span>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Евге́ний Миха́йлович Ли́фшиц</span>; 21 February 1915 – 29 October 1985) was a leading <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> <a href="/wiki/Physicist" title="Physicist">physicist</a> and brother of the physicist <a href="/wiki/Ilya_Lifshitz" title="Ilya Lifshitz">Ilya Lifshitz</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Work">Work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evgeny_Lifshitz&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born into a <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Ukraine" title="History of the Jews in Ukraine">Ukrainian Jewish</a> family in <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kharkov_Governorate" title="Kharkov Governorate">Kharkov Governorate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>). Lifshitz is well known in the field of <a href="/wiki/General_relativity" title="General relativity">general relativity</a> for coauthoring the <a href="/wiki/BKL_singularity" title="BKL singularity">BKL conjecture</a> concerning the nature of a <i>generic curvature singularity</i>. As of 2006<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Evgeny_Lifshitz&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, this is widely regarded as one of the most important open problems in the subject of classical gravitation.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With <a href="/wiki/Lev_Landau" title="Lev Landau">Lev Landau</a>, Lifshitz co-authored <i><a href="/wiki/Course_of_Theoretical_Physics" title="Course of Theoretical Physics">Course of Theoretical Physics</a></i>, an ambitious series of physics textbooks, in which the two aimed to provide a graduate-level introduction to the entire field of physics. These books are still considered invaluable and continue to be widely used. </p><p>Lifshitz was the second of only 43 people ever to pass Landau's "Theoretical Minimum" examination. He made many invaluable contributions, in particular to quantum electrodynamics, where he calculated the <a href="/wiki/Casimir_effect" title="Casimir effect">Casimir force</a> in an arbitrary macroscopic configuration of metals and dielectrics. </p><p>Since 1975, a special <a href="/wiki/Multicritical_point" title="Multicritical point">multicritical point</a>, the <i>Lifshitz point</i>, carries his name. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evgeny_Lifshitz&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBelinskiiKhalatnikovLifshitz1970" class="citation journal cs1">Belinskii, V. A.; Khalatnikov, I. M.; <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lifshitz, E. M.</a> (1970). "Oscillatory approach to a singular point in the relativistic cosmology". <i>Advances in Physics</i>. <b>19</b> (80): 525. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970AdPhy..19..525B">1970AdPhy..19..525B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00018737000101171">10.1080/00018737000101171</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Advances+in+Physics&rft.atitle=Oscillatory+approach+to+a+singular+point+in+the+relativistic+cosmology&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=80&rft.pages=525&rft.date=1970&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00018737000101171&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1970AdPhy..19..525B&rft.aulast=Belinskii&rft.aufirst=V.+A.&rft.au=Khalatnikov%2C+I.+M.&rft.au=Lifshitz%2C+E.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvgeny+Lifshitz" class="Z3988"></span> The paper introducing the <a href="/wiki/BKL_conjecture" class="mw-redirect" title="BKL conjecture">BKL conjecture</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLandau,_L._D.Lifschitz,_E._M.1976" class="citation book cs1">Landau, L. D.; Lifschitz, E. M. (1976). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mechanics00land"><i>Mechanics</i></a></span>. Course of Theoretical Physics. Vol. 1 (3rd ed.). London: <a href="/wiki/Pergamon_Press" title="Pergamon Press">Pergamon</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-08-021022-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-08-021022-8"><bdi>0-08-021022-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mechanics&rft.place=London&rft.series=Course+of+Theoretical+Physics&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Pergamon&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=0-08-021022-8&rft.au=Landau%2C+L.+D.&rft.au=Lifschitz%2C+E.+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmechanics00land&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvgeny+Lifshitz" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLandau,_L._D.Lifschitz,_E._M.1971" class="citation book cs1">Landau, L. D.; Lifschitz, E. M. (1971). <i>Classical Theory of Fields</i>. Course of Theoretical Physics. Vol. 2 (3rd ed.). London: <a href="/wiki/Pergamon_Press" title="Pergamon Press">Pergamon</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-08-016019-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-08-016019-0"><bdi>0-08-016019-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Classical+Theory+of+Fields&rft.place=London&rft.series=Course+of+Theoretical+Physics&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Pergamon&rft.date=1971&rft.isbn=0-08-016019-0&rft.au=Landau%2C+L.+D.&rft.au=Lifschitz%2C+E.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvgeny+Lifshitz" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLandau,_L._D.Lifschitz,_E._M.1977" class="citation book cs1">Landau, L. D.; Lifschitz, E. M. (1977). <i>Quantum Mechanics: Non-relativistic Theory</i>. Course of Theoretical Physics. Vol. 3 (3rd ed.). London: <a href="/wiki/Pergamon_Press" title="Pergamon Press">Pergamon</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-08-020940-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-08-020940-8"><bdi>0-08-020940-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Quantum+Mechanics%3A+Non-relativistic+Theory&rft.place=London&rft.series=Course+of+Theoretical+Physics&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Pergamon&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0-08-020940-8&rft.au=Landau%2C+L.+D.&rft.au=Lifschitz%2C+E.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvgeny+Lifshitz" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerestetskii,_V._B.Lifschitz,_E._M.Pitaevskii,_L._P.1982" class="citation book cs1">Berestetskii, V. B.; Lifschitz, E. M.; Pitaevskii, L. P. (1982). <i>Quantum Electrodynamics</i>. Course of Theoretical Physics. Vol. 4 (2nd ed.). London: <a href="/wiki/Pergamon_Press" title="Pergamon Press">Pergamon</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-08-026503-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-08-026503-0"><bdi>0-08-026503-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Quantum+Electrodynamics&rft.place=London&rft.series=Course+of+Theoretical+Physics&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Pergamon&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=0-08-026503-0&rft.au=Berestetskii%2C+V.+B.&rft.au=Lifschitz%2C+E.+M.&rft.au=Pitaevskii%2C+L.+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvgeny+Lifshitz" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLifschitz,_E._M.Pitaevskii,_L._P.1981" class="citation book cs1">Lifschitz, E. M.; Pitaevskii, L. P. (1981). <i>Physical Kinetics</i>. Course of Theoretical Physics. Vol. 10 (1st ed.). Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Pergamon_Press" title="Pergamon Press">Pergamon</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-08-026480-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-08-026480-8"><bdi>0-08-026480-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Physical+Kinetics&rft.place=Oxford&rft.series=Course+of+Theoretical+Physics&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Pergamon&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=0-08-026480-8&rft.au=Lifschitz%2C+E.+M.&rft.au=Pitaevskii%2C+L.+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvgeny+Lifshitz" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p>Landau and Lifshitz suggested in the third volume of the <i>Course of Theoretical Physics</i> that the then-standard periodic table had a mistake in it, and that lutetium should be regarded as a d-block rather than an f-block element. Their suggestion was fully vindicated by later findings,<sup id="cite_ref-Wittig_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wittig-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Matthias_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Matthias-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jensen1982_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jensen1982-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in 1988 was endorsed by a report of the <a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Pure_and_Applied_Chemistry" title="International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry">International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry</a> (IUPAC).<sup id="cite_ref-Fluck_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fluck-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evgeny_Lifshitz&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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/></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Physics" title="Portal:Physics">Physics portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Lifshitz_model" title="Landau–Lifshitz model">Landau–Lifshitz model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landau%E2%80%93Lifshitz%E2%80%93Gilbert_equation" title="Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation">Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stress%E2%80%93energy%E2%80%93momentum_pseudotensor" title="Stress–energy–momentum pseudotensor">Landau–Lifshitz pseudotensor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeroacoustics" title="Aeroacoustics">Landau–Lifshitz aeroacoustic equation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BKL_singularity" title="BKL singularity">Belinski–Khalatnikov–Lifshitz singularity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lifshitz_theory_of_van_der_Waals_force" title="Lifshitz theory of van der Waals force">Lifshitz theory of van der Waals force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferromagnetic_resonance" title="Ferromagnetic resonance">Ferromagnetic resonance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premelting" title="Premelting">Premelting</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evgeny_Lifshitz&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Some commonly encountered alternative <a href="/wiki/Transliteration" title="Transliteration">transliterations</a> of his names include Yevgeny or Evgenii and Lifshits or Lifschitz.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-frs-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-frs_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZel'DovichKaganovSykes1990" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Yakov_Borisovich_Zel%27dovich" class="mw-redirect" title="Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich">Zel'Dovich, Y. B.</a>; Kaganov, M. I.; Sykes, J. B. (1990). "Evgenii Mikhailovich Lifshitz. 21 February 1915-29 October 1985". <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Memoirs_of_Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society" title="Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society">Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society</a></i>. <b>36</b>: 336. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbm.1990.0035">10.1098/rsbm.1990.0035</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Memoirs+of+Fellows+of+the+Royal+Society&rft.atitle=Evgenii+Mikhailovich+Lifshitz.+21+February+1915-29+October+1985&rft.volume=36&rft.pages=336&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frsbm.1990.0035&rft.aulast=Zel%27Dovich&rft.aufirst=Y.+B.&rft.au=Kaganov%2C+M.+I.&rft.au=Sykes%2C+J.+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvgeny+Lifshitz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'ConnorRobertson" class="citation cs2">O'Connor, John J.; <a href="/wiki/Edmund_F._Robertson" title="Edmund F. Robertson">Robertson, Edmund F.</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Lifshitz.html">"Evgeny Lifshitz"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/MacTutor_History_of_Mathematics_Archive" title="MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive">MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_St_Andrews" title="University of St Andrews">University of St Andrews</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Evgeny+Lifshitz&rft.btitle=MacTutor+History+of+Mathematics+Archive&rft.pub=University+of+St+Andrews&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=John+J.&rft.au=Robertson%2C+Edmund+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk%2FBiographies%2FLifshitz.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvgeny+Lifshitz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wittig-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wittig_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWittig1973" class="citation book cs1">Wittig, Jörg (1973). "The pressure variable in solid state physics: What about 4f-band superconductors?". In H. J. Queisser (ed.). <i>Festkörper Probleme: Plenary Lectures of the Divisions Semiconductor Physics, Surface Physics, Low Temperature Physics, High Polymers, Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics, of the German Physical Society, Münster, March 19–24, 1973</i>. Advances in Solid State Physics. Vol. 13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. pp. 375–396. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBFb0108579">10.1007/BFb0108579</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-528-08019-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-528-08019-8"><bdi>978-3-528-08019-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+pressure+variable+in+solid+state+physics%3A+What+about+4f-band+superconductors%3F&rft.btitle=Festk%C3%B6rper+Probleme%3A+Plenary+Lectures+of+the+Divisions+Semiconductor+Physics%2C+Surface+Physics%2C+Low+Temperature+Physics%2C+High+Polymers%2C+Thermodynamics+and+Statistical+Mechanics%2C+of+the+German+Physical+Society%2C+M%C3%BCnster%2C+March+19%E2%80%9324%2C+1973&rft.place=Berlin%2C+Heidelberg&rft.series=Advances+in+Solid+State+Physics&rft.pages=375-396&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=1973&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBFb0108579&rft.isbn=978-3-528-08019-8&rft.aulast=Wittig&rft.aufirst=J%C3%B6rg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvgeny+Lifshitz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Matthias-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Matthias_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthias1969" class="citation book cs1">Matthias, B. T. (1969). "Systematics of Super Conductivity". In Wallace, P. R. (ed.). <i>Superconductivity</i>. Vol. 1. Gordon and Breach. pp. 225–294. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780677138107" title="Special:BookSources/9780677138107"><bdi>9780677138107</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Systematics+of+Super+Conductivity&rft.btitle=Superconductivity&rft.pages=225-294&rft.pub=Gordon+and+Breach&rft.date=1969&rft.isbn=9780677138107&rft.aulast=Matthias&rft.aufirst=B.+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvgeny+Lifshitz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jensen1982-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jensen1982_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliam_B._Jensen1982" class="citation journal cs1">William B. Jensen (1982). "The Positions of Lanthanum (Actinium) and Lutetium (Lawrencium) in the Periodic Table". <i>J. Chem. Educ</i>. <b>59</b> (8): 634–636. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1982JChEd..59..634J">1982JChEd..59..634J</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fed059p634">10.1021/ed059p634</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+Chem.+Educ.&rft.atitle=The+Positions+of+Lanthanum+%28Actinium%29+and+Lutetium+%28Lawrencium%29+in+the+Periodic+Table&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=634-636&rft.date=1982&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fed059p634&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1982JChEd..59..634J&rft.au=William+B.+Jensen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvgeny+Lifshitz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Eric_Scerri" title="Eric Scerri">Scerri, Eric R</a> (2020). <i>The Periodic Table, Its Story and Its Significance</i>, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, New York, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0190914363" title="Special:BookSources/978-0190914363">978-0190914363</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fluck-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fluck_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFluck1988" class="citation journal cs1">Fluck, E. (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/1988/pdf/6003x0431.pdf">"New Notations in the Periodic Table"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Pure_and_Applied_Chemistry" title="Pure and Applied Chemistry">Pure Appl. Chem.</a></i> <b>60</b> (3): 431–436. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1351%2Fpac198860030431">10.1351/pac198860030431</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:96704008">96704008</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120325152951/https://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/1988/pdf/6003x0431.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 25 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pure+Appl.+Chem.&rft.atitle=New+Notations+in+the+Periodic+Table&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=431-436&rft.date=1988&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1351%2Fpac198860030431&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A96704008%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Fluck&rft.aufirst=E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iupac.org%2Fpublications%2Fpac%2F1988%2Fpdf%2F6003x0431.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEvgeny+Lifshitz" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evgeny_Lifshitz&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931452#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931452#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931452#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119057794">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50072240">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12164400x">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12164400x">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00447680">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Lifšic, Evgenij Mihajlovič"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV049703">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20010601111&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1000024">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069374759">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90137563">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000113674&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC199616663">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810547433705606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007279179605171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058516852106706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00740299?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=189262">Mathematics Genealogy Project</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:lifschitz.evgeny-m">zbMATH</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/MRAuthorID/213833">MathSciNet</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd119057794.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/119057794">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/030173345">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>For more information about Evgeny Lifshitz’s work, you can read ‘A Brief History of Time’ and ‘Brief Answers to the Big Questions’, both by the acclaimed author and scientist Stephen Hawking.</p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Evgeny_Lifshitz&oldid=1258196161">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Evgeny_Lifshitz&oldid=1258196161</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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