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<li id="toc-Era_of_Abraham_and_Ismael" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Era_of_Abraham_and_Ismael"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Era of Abraham and Ismael</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Era_of_Abraham_and_Ismael-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Era_of_Muhammad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Era_of_Muhammad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Era of Muhammad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Era_of_Muhammad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Umayyad_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Umayyad_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Umayyad era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Umayyad_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ottoman_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ottoman_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Ottoman era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ottoman_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Saudi_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Saudi_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>The Saudi era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Saudi_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_Saudi_expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_Saudi_expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.1</span> <span>First Saudi expansion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_Saudi_expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_Saudi_expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_Saudi_expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.2</span> <span>Second Saudi expansion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_Saudi_expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Third_Saudi_expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Third_Saudi_expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.3</span> <span>Third Saudi expansion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Third_Saudi_expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-COVID-19_Pandemic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#COVID-19_Pandemic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5.4</span> <span>COVID-19 Pandemic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-COVID-19_Pandemic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_current_and_former_Imams" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_current_and_former_Imams"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>List of current and former Imams</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List_of_current_and_former_Imams-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle List of current and former Imams subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-List_of_current_and_former_Imams-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Current_Imams" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_Imams"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Current Imams</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_Imams-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Former_Imams" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_Imams"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Former Imams</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_Imams-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pilgrimage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pilgrimage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Pilgrimage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pilgrimage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Structures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Structures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Structures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Destruction_of_heritage_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Destruction_of_heritage_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Destruction of heritage sites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Destruction_of_heritage_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Masjid al-Haram</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 99 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-99" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">99 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meuseujid_al-Haram" title="Meuseujid al-Haram – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Meuseujid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Masdjid_al-Haram" title="Al-Masdjid al-Haram – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Al-Masdjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85" title="المسجد الحرام – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المسجد الحرام" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6" title="মক্কাৰ মছজিদ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মক্কাৰ মছজিদ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Masjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%99scid%C3%BCl-H%C9%99ram" title="Məscidül-Həram – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Məscidül-Həram" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Masjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="মসজিদে হারাম – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মসজিদে হারাম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%AEn-s%C3%A8ng_Chheng-chin-s%C4%AB" title="Sîn-sèng Chheng-chin-sī – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sîn-sèng Chheng-chin-sī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%BB-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%BC%D3%99%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Әл-Харам мәсете – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Әл-Харам мәсете" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8F%D1%87%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8C_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Мячэць Аль-Харам – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мячэць Аль-Харам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%B4_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Масджыд аль-Харам – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Масджыд аль-Харам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Масджид ал-Харам – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Масджид ал-Харам" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesd%C5%BEidul-haram" title="Mesdžidul-haram – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mesdžidul-haram" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-M%C3%A0sjid_al-Haram" title="Al-Màsjid al-Haram – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Al-Màsjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Masd%C5%BEid_al-Har%C3%A1m" title="Al-Masdžid al-Harám – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Al-Masdžid al-Harám" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosg_Al-Haram" title="Mosg Al-Haram – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mosg Al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Haram-moskeen" title="Al-Haram-moskeen – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Al-Haram-moskeen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Har%C4%81m-Moschee" title="Al-Harām-Moschee – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Al-Harām-Moschee" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%89%DE%A6%DE%90%DE%B0%DE%96%DE%A8%DE%8B%DE%AA%DE%8D%DE%B0%DE%99%DE%A6%DE%83%DE%A7%DE%89%DE%B0" title="މަސްޖިދުލްޙަރާމް – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="މަސްޖިދުލްޙަރާމް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%BD%CF%84_%CE%B1%CE%BB-%CE%A7%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BC" title="Μασγίντ αλ-Χαράμ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μασγίντ αλ-Χαράμ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gran_Mezquita_de_La_Meca" title="Gran Mezquita de La Meca – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gran Mezquita de La Meca" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mas%C4%9Did_al-Haram" title="Masĝid al-Haram – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Masĝid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Masjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85" title="مسجدالحرام – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مسجدالحرام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosqu%C3%A9e_al-Har%C3%A2m" title="Mosquée al-Harâm – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mosquée al-Harâm" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesquita_Sagrada" title="Mesquita Sagrada – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mesquita Sagrada" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%A5%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Масжид аль-Хьарам – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Масжид аль-Хьарам" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%8A%A4%EC%A7%80%EB%93%9C_%EC%95%8C%ED%95%98%EB%9E%8C" title="마스지드 알하람 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마스지드 알하람" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Masjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AC-%D5%80%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B4_%D5%B4%D5%A6%D5%AF%D5%AB%D5%A9" title="Ալ-Հարամ մզկիթ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ալ-Հարամ մզկիթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2-%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE" title="मस्जिद अल-हरम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मस्जिद अल-हरम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesd%C5%BEidul-Haram" title="Mesdžidul-Haram – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mesdžidul-Haram" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjidil_Haram" title="Masjidil Haram – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Masjidil Haram" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Masjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%C3%A6%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D1%82_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%A5%C3%A6%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Мæзджыт аль-Хæрам – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Мæзджыт аль-Хæрам" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%B3ra_moskan_(Mekka)" title="Stóra moskan (Mekka) – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Stóra moskan (Mekka)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Masjid_al-%E1%B8%A4ar%C4%81m" title="Al-Masjid al-Ḥarām – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Al-Masjid al-Ḥarām" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%92%D7%93_%D7%90%D7%9C-%D7%97%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9D" title="מסגד אל-חראם – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מסגד אל-חראם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjidil_Karam" title="Masjidil Karam – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Masjidil Karam" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98%E1%83%93_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A-%E1%83%B0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="მასჯიდ ალ-ჰარამი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მასჯიდ ალ-ჰარამი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%BB-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%96%D1%82%D1%96" title="Әл-Харам мешіті – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Әл-Харам мешіті" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umusigiti_wa_Masjid_al-Haram" title="Umusigiti wa Masjid al-Haram – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Umusigiti wa Masjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Ал-Харам мечити – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ал-Харам мечити" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Масджид аль-Харам мечеть – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Масджид аль-Харам мечеть" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meschita_al-Haram" title="Meschita al-Haram – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Meschita al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Har%C4%81ma_mo%C5%A1eja" title="Harāma mošeja – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Harāma mošeja" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mekos_did%C5%BEioji_me%C4%8Det%C4%97" title="Mekos didžioji mečetė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mekos didžioji mečetė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mekkai_nagymecset" title="Mekkai nagymecset – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mekkai nagymecset" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%9F%D0%B8%D0%B4_%D0%B5%D0%BB-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Месџид ел-Харам – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Месџид ел-Харам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82" title="മസ്ജിദുൽ ഹറാം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മസ്ജിദുൽ ഹറാം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mis%C4%A1ed_il-%C4%A6ram" title="Misġed il-Ħram – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Misġed il-Ħram" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85" title="المسجد الحرام – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="المسجد الحرام" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%90_%D9%85%D9%8E%D8%B2%DA%AF%D9%90%D8%AA" title="هه‌رامِ مَزگِت – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="هه‌رامِ مَزگِت" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Masjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musajik_Al-Haram" title="Musajik Al-Haram – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Musajik Al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D1%81%D2%AF%D0%BC" title="Аль-Харам сүм – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Аль-Харам сүм" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Masjid_al-Haram" title="Al-Masjid al-Haram – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Al-Masjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B8%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8F%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0" title="マスジド・ハラーム – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マスジド・ハラーム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%95%DF%8C%DF%B2%DF%93%DF%8C%DF%98%DF%8C%DF%B2%DF%98%DF%8A_%DF%9F%DF%8A%DF%95%DF%8F%DF%A3%DF%8D%DF%B2" title="ߕߌ߲ߓߌߘߌ߲ߘߊ ߟߊߕߏߣߍ߲ – N’Ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߕߌ߲ߓߌߘߌ߲ߘߊ ߟߊߕߏߣߍ߲" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’Ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%A5%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%8C%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B3" title="Аль-Хьарам маьждиг – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Аль-Хьарам маьждиг" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Haram" title="Al-Haram – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-haram" title="Al-haram – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Al-haram" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Masjid_al-Harom" title="Al-Masjid al-Harom – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Al-Masjid al-Harom" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A6_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B2-%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE" title="ਮਸਜਿਦ ਅਲ-ਹਰਮ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਸਜਿਦ ਅਲ-ਹਰਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85" title="مسجد الحرام – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مسجد الحرام" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85" title="مسجد الحرام – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مسجد الحرام" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Awi%C4%99ty_Meczet" title="Święty Meczet – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Święty Meczet" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Mesquita_de_Meca" title="Grande Mesquita de Meca – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Grande Mesquita de Meca" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscheea_Sf%C3%A2nt%C4%83_din_Mecca" title="Moscheea Sfântă din Mecca – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Moscheea Sfântă din Mecca" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Мечеть аль-Харам – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мечеть аль-Харам" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Masjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesxhidi_Haram" title="Mesxhidi Haram – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mesxhidi Haram" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Masjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85" title="مسجد الحرام – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مسجد الحرام" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveta_mo%C5%A1eja" title="Sveta mošeja – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sveta mošeja" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjidul-xaraam" title="Masjidul-xaraam – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Masjidul-xaraam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B2%DA%AF%DB%95%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%AD%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85" title="مزگەوتی حەرام – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مزگەوتی حەرام" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Света џамија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Света џамија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveta_d%C5%BEamija" title="Sveta džamija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sveta džamija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Masjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Masjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Masjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9C%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B9%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="மஸ்ஜிதுல் ஹராம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மஸ்ஜிதுல் ஹராம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%98%D0%BB-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%BC%D3%99%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Әл-Харам мәчете – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Әл-Харам мәчете" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D" title="మస్జిదుల్ హరామ్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మస్జిదుల్ హరామ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1" title="มัสยิดอัลฮะรอม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มัสยิดอัลฮะรอม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB%D2%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Масҷидулҳаром – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Масҷидулҳаром" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mescid-i_Haram" title="Mescid-i Haram – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mescid-i Haram" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Мечеть аль-Харам – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мечеть аль-Харам" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85" title="مسجد الحرام – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مسجد الحرام" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AC%D9%89%D8%AF%D9%89_%DA%BE%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%D9%85" title="مەسجىدى ھەرەم – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="مەسجىدى ھەرەم" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Masjid_al-Haram" title="Al-Masjid al-Haram – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Al-Masjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Masjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A6%81%E5%AF%BA" title="禁寺 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="禁寺" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B8%85%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%BA" title="大清真寺 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="大清真寺" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A6%81%E5%AF%BA" title="禁寺 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="禁寺" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bdr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram – West Coast Bajau" lang="bdr" hreflang="bdr" data-title="Masjid al-Haram" data-language-autonym="Bajau Sama" data-language-local-name="West Coast Bajau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bajau Sama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masjidil_Haram" title="Masjidil Haram – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Masjidil Haram" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q428858#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Masjid_al-Haram&params=21_25_21_N_39_49_34_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">21°25′21″N</span> <span class="longitude">39°49′34″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">21.42250°N 39.82611°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">21.42250; 39.82611</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Islam's holiest mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AC%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85" class="extiw" title="ar:المسجد الحرام">the corresponding article</a> in Arabic</b>.  <i><small>(January 2023)</small></i> <small>Click [show] for important translation instructions.</small></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li>Machine translation, like <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deepl.com">DeepL</a> or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/">Google Translate</a>, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.</li> <li>Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.</li> <li>You <b>must</b> provide <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia">copyright attribution</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" title="Help:Edit summary">edit summary</a> accompanying your translation by providing an <a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">interlanguage link</a> to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is <code>Content in this edit is translated from the existing Arabic Wikipedia article at [[:ar:المسجد الحرام]]; see its history for attribution.</code></li> <li>You may also add the template <code>{{Translated|ar|المسجد الحرام}}</code> to the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Masjid_al-Haram" title="Talk:Masjid al-Haram">talk page</a>.</li> <li>For more guidance, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation" title="Wikipedia:Translation">Wikipedia:Translation</a>.</li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #9BE89B">The Sacred Mosque of Mecca</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname"><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Al-Masjid Al-Ḥarām</i></span> (<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱَلْمَسْجِدُ ٱلْحَرَام</span></span>)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_Mosque_of_Mecca1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Great_Mosque_of_Mecca1.jpg/220px-Great_Mosque_of_Mecca1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Great_Mosque_of_Mecca1.jpg/330px-Great_Mosque_of_Mecca1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Great_Mosque_of_Mecca1.jpg/440px-Great_Mosque_of_Mecca1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3891" data-file-height="2617" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Aerial view of the mosque with the <a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a> at the center</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #9BE89B">Religion</th></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_religions_and_spiritual_traditions" title="List of religions and spiritual traditions">Affiliation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_schools_and_branches" title="Islamic schools and branches">Branch/tradition</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Muslims</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Leadership</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Abdul-Rahman_Al-Sudais" title="Abdul-Rahman Al-Sudais">Abd ar-Raḥman as-Sudais</a> (as President of the Affairs of the Two Holy Mosques and Chief Imam)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Ali_Ahmed_Mullah" title="Ali Ahmed Mullah">Ali Ahmed Mullah</a> (Chief Mu'athin)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #9BE89B">Location</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a> (present-day <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Location_of_Masjid_al-Haram_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Location_of_Masjid_al-Haram-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saudi_Arabia_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Masjid al-Haram is located in Saudi Arabia"><img alt="Masjid al-Haram is located in Saudi Arabia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Saudi_Arabia_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-Saudi_Arabia_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Saudi_Arabia_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-Saudi_Arabia_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Saudi_Arabia_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-Saudi_Arabia_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2003" data-file-height="1668" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:67.136%;left:25.808%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Masjid al-Haram"><img alt="Masjid al-Haram" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Saudi Arabia</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Saudi Arabia</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Middle_East_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Masjid al-Haram is located in Middle East"><img alt="Masjid al-Haram is located in Middle East" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Middle_East_location_map.svg/250px-Middle_East_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Middle_East_location_map.svg/375px-Middle_East_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Middle_East_location_map.svg/500px-Middle_East_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="160" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:57.747%;left:51.401%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Masjid al-Haram"><img alt="Masjid al-Haram" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Masjid al-Haram (Middle East)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Middle East</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Administration</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/General_Presidency_of_Haramain" title="General Presidency of Haramain">General Presidency of Haramain</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Geographic coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Masjid_al-Haram&params=21_25_21_N_39_49_34_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">21°25′21″N</span> <span class="longitude">39°49′34″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">21.42250°N 39.82611°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">21.42250; 39.82611</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #9BE89B">Architecture</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Mosque</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date established</th><td class="infobox-data">638</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #9BE89B">Specifications</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capacity</th><td class="infobox-data">3.0 million<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Minaret" title="Minaret">Minaret</a>(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">7, (6 more under construction)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Minaret height</th><td class="infobox-data">139 m (456 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Site area</th><td class="infobox-data">356,000 square metres (88 acres) <sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Islam" title="Category:Islam">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Allah3.svg/110px-Allah3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Allah3.svg/165px-Allah3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Allah3.svg/220px-Allah3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="294" data-file-height="313" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Iman_(Islam)" title="Iman (Islam)">Beliefs</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tawhid" title="Tawhid">Oneness</a> of <a href="/wiki/God_in_Islam" title="God in Islam">God</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Islam" title="Angels in Islam">Angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_holy_books" title="Islamic holy books">Revealed Books</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam">Prophets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_of_Resurrection" class="mw-redirect" title="Day of Resurrection">Day of Resurrection</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Predestination_in_Islam" title="Predestination in Islam">Predestination</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Five_Pillars_of_Islam" title="Five Pillars of Islam">Practices</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shahada" title="Shahada">Profession of Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salah" title="Salah">Prayer</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zakat" title="Zakat">Almsgiving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_in_Islam" title="Fasting in Islam">Fasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Pilgrimage</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Islamic_texts" title="List of Islamic texts">Texts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_studies" title="Islamic studies">Foundations</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sunnah" title="Sunnah">Sunnah</a></i> (<i><a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">Hadith</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Prophetic_biography" class="mw-redirect" title="Prophetic biography">Sirah</a></i>)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tafsir" title="Tafsir"><i>Tafsir</i> (exegesis)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqidah" title="Aqidah"><i>Aqidah</i> (creed)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qisas_al-Anbiya" title="Qisas al-Anbiya"><i>Qisas al-Anbiya</i> ("Stories of the Prophets")</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathnawi" title="Mathnawi">Mathnawi</a> (Poems)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiqh" title="Fiqh"><i>Fiqh</i> (jurisprudence)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia"><i>Sharia</i> (law)</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Islam" title="History of Islam">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Islamic_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Islamic history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_in_Islam" title="Muhammad in Islam">Muhammad</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ahl_al-Bayt" title="Ahl al-Bayt">Ahl al-Bayt</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Companions_of_the_Prophet" title="Companions of the Prophet">Sahabah</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rashidun" title="Rashidun">Rashidun</a></i></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caliphate" title="Caliphate">Caliphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imamate_in_Shia_doctrine" title="Imamate in Shia doctrine">Imamate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world" title="Science in the medieval Islamic world">Medieval Islamic science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spread_of_Islam" title="Spread of Islam">Spread of Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Succession_to_Muhammad" title="Succession to Muhammad">Succession to Muhammad</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_culture" title="Islamic culture">Culture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muslim_world" title="Muslim world">society</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_studies" title="Islamic studies">Academics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animals_in_Islam" title="Animals in Islam">Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_art" title="Islamic art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_association_football" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in association football">Association football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_children" title="Islam and children">Children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khitan_(circumcision)" title="Khitan (circumcision)">Circumcision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_by_country" title="Islam by country">Demographics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_diaspora" title="Muslim diaspora">Diaspora</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_schools_and_branches" title="Islamic schools and branches">Denominations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_economics" title="Islamic economics">Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Islam" title="Education in Islam">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_ethics" title="Islamic ethics">Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_possession_and_exorcism_in_Islam" title="Spirit possession and exorcism in Islam">Exorcism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_feminism" title="Islamic feminism">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_holidays" title="Islamic holidays">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_banking_and_finance" title="Islamic banking and finance">Finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasa" title="Madrasa">Madrasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morality_in_Islam" title="Morality in Islam">Moral teachings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_music" title="Islamic music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Mysticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_philosophy" title="Islamic philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_poetry" title="Islamic poetry">Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_aspects_of_Islam" title="Political aspects of Islam">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawah" title="Dawah">Proselytizing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_attitudes_towards_science" title="Islamic attitudes towards science">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_Islam" title="Sexuality in Islam">Sexuality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_people_and_Islam" title="LGBTQ people and Islam">LGBTQ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_views_on_slavery" title="Islamic views on slavery">Slavery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concubinage_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Concubinage in Islam">Concubinage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_humanity" title="Islam and humanity">Social welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Islam" title="Women in Islam">Women</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Islam" title="Category:Islam">Related topics</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostasy_in_Islam" title="Apostasy in Islam">Apostasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Islam" title="Criticism of Islam">Criticism</a></li></ul> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Muhammad" title="Criticism of Muhammad">Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Quran" title="Criticism of the Quran">Quran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_hadith" title="Criticism of hadith">Hadith</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_other_religions" title="Islam and other religions">Other religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_violence" title="Islam and violence">Violence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_terrorism" title="Islamic terrorism">terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_war" title="Islam and war">war</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamophobia" title="Islamophobia">Islamophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">Jihad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jihadism" title="Jihadism">Jihadism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salafi_jihadism" title="Salafi jihadism">Salafi jihadism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deobandi_jihadism" title="Deobandi jihadism">Deobandi jihadism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_military_jurisprudence" title="Islamic military jurisprudence">Military laws</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Islam" title="Glossary of Islam">Glossary</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="padding-top:0.1em;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/15px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/23px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/31px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Islam portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding-right:0.2em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Islam" title="Template:Islam"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Islam" title="Template talk:Islam"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Islam" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Islam"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Masjid al-Haram</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1227789315">.mw-parser-output .script-arabic{font-family:"Scheherazade New","SF Arabic",Amiri,"Noto Naskh Arabic","Droid Arabic Naskh","Noto Sans Arabic","Sakkal Majalla","Harmattan","Arabic Typesetting","Arabic Transparent","Times New Roman",Arial,Calibri,"Microsoft Sans Serif","Segoe UI",serif,sans-serif;font-weight:normal}</style><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ٱَلْمَسْجِدُ ٱلْحَرَام</span>‎</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">al-Masjid al-Ḥarām</i></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'The Sacred Mosque'),<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> also known as the <b>Sacred Mosque</b> or the <b>Great Mosque of Mecca</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is considered to be the most significant <a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">mosque</a> in Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It encloses the vicinity of the <a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Mecca_Province" title="Mecca Province">Mecca Province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>. It is among the pilgrimage sites associated with the <a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a>, which every <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> must perform at least once in their lives if able. It is also the main site for the performance of ʿ<a href="/wiki/Umrah" title="Umrah">Umrah</a>, the lesser pilgrimage that can be undertaken any time of the year. The rites of both pilgrimages include <a href="/wiki/Tawaf" class="mw-redirect" title="Tawaf">circumambulating the Kaaba</a> within the mosque. The Great Mosque includes other important significant sites, such as the <a href="/wiki/Black_Stone" title="Black Stone">Black Stone</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Zamzam_Well" title="Zamzam Well">Zamzam Well</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maqam_Ibrahim" title="Maqam Ibrahim">Maqam Ibrahim</a>, and the hills of <a href="/wiki/Safa_and_Marwa" title="Safa and Marwa">Safa and Marwa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cite_quran|3|97|t=y|s=ns_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cite_quran|3|97|t=y|s=ns-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2024,<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> the Great Mosque is both the <a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_mosques" title="List of largest mosques">largest mosque</a> in the world, and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_most_expensive_buildings" title="List of most expensive buildings">most expensive building</a> in the world. It has undergone major renovations and expansions through the years.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has passed through the control of various <a href="/wiki/Caliphs" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliphs">caliphs</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_sultans_of_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire">sultans</a> and kings, and is now under the control of the <a href="/wiki/King_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="King of Saudi Arabia">King of Saudi Arabia</a> who is titled the <a href="/wiki/Custodian_of_the_Two_Holy_Mosques" title="Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques">Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Islamic_architecture" title="Islamic architecture">Islamic architecture</a></div> <p>The Great Mosque contends with the <a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_the_Companions" title="Mosque of the Companions">Masjid As-Sahabah</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrean</a> city of <a href="/wiki/Massawa" title="Massawa">Massawa</a><sup id="cite_ref-Reid2012Massawa_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reid2012Massawa-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Quba_Mosque" title="Quba Mosque">Quba Mosque</a> in <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a> as the oldest mosque.<sup id="cite_ref-Palmer2016_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Palmer2016-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Islamic tradition, Islam as a religion precedes Muhammad,<sup id="cite_ref-Esposito1998_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Esposito1998-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Esposito2002b_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Esposito2002b-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Peters2003_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peters2003-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> representing previous <a href="/wiki/Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam">prophets</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam" title="Abraham in Islam">Abraham</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Alli2013_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alli2013-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Islamic scholars, Abraham is seen as having built the <i>Kaaba</i> in <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>, and consequently its sanctuary, which according to the Muslim view is seen as the first mosque<sup id="cite_ref-Palmer20163_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Palmer20163-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that ever existed.<sup id="cite_ref-Michigan_C_19862_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Michigan_C_19862-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Abu_Sway_20112_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abu_Sway_20112-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dyrness20132_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dyrness20132-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to other scholars, Islam started during the lifetime of <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> in the 7th century <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">CE</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Watt2003_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Watt2003-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and so did architectural components such as the mosque. In that case, either the Mosque of the Companions<sup id="cite_ref-Reid2012Massawa2_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reid2012Massawa2-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or Quba Mosque would be the first mosque that was built in the history of Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-Palmer20163_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Palmer20163-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Era_of_Abraham_and_Ismael">Era of Abraham and Ismael</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Era of Abraham and Ismael"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to Islamic tradition in the <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam" title="Abraham in Islam">Abraham</a>, together with his son <a href="/wiki/Ismael_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Ismael in Islam">Ismael</a>, raised the foundations of a house,<sup id="cite_ref-Cite_quran|2|127|t=y|s=ns2_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cite_quran|2|127|t=y|s=ns2-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which has been identified by commentators as the Kaaba. According to Islamic tradition, it is said that Allah showed Abraham the exact site, which was previously built by <a href="/wiki/Adam_in_Islam" title="Adam in Islam">Adam</a>, very near to what is now the <a href="/wiki/Well_of_Zamzam" class="mw-redirect" title="Well of Zamzam">Well of Zamzam</a>. After Abraham had built the Kaaba, an angel is said to have brought him the <a href="/wiki/Black_Stone" title="Black Stone">Black Stone</a>, a celestial stone that, according to tradition, had fallen from Heaven on the nearby hill <a href="/wiki/Abu_Qubays_(mountain)" title="Abu Qubays (mountain)">Abu Qubays</a>. The Black Stone is believed by Islamic scholars to be the only remnant of the original structure made by Abraham. </p><p>After placing the Black Stone in the Eastern corner of the Kaaba, Abraham reportedly received a revelation in which God told the aged prophet that he should now go and proclaim the pilgrimage to mankind, so that men may come both from Arabia and from lands far away, on camel and on foot.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Era_of_Muhammad">Era of Muhammad</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Era of Muhammad"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Upon Muhammad's <a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Mecca" title="Conquest of Mecca">victorious return to Mecca</a> in 630 <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">CE</a>, Ali broke the idols in and around the Kaaba,<sup id="cite_ref-Cite_quran|21|51|e=75|s=ns_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cite_quran|21|51|e=75|s=ns-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> similar to what, according to the Quran, Abraham did in his homeland. Thus ended polytheistic use of the Kaaba, and began monotheistic rule over it and its sanctuary.<sup id="cite_ref-Lings_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lings-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Galsse_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Galsse-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ishaq_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ishaq-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-armstrong_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-armstrong-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Umayyad_era">Umayyad era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Umayyad era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first major renovation to the mosque took place in 692, on the orders of <a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwan" title="Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan">Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before this renovation, which included the mosque's outer walls being raised , the mosque was a small open area with the Kaaba at the center. By the end of the 8th century, the mosque's old wooden columns had been replaced with marble columns and the wings of the prayer hall had been extended on both sides along with the addition of a <a href="/wiki/Minaret" title="Minaret">minaret</a> on the orders of <a href="/wiki/Al-Walid_I" title="Al-Walid I">Al-Walid I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Spread_of_Islam" title="Spread of Islam">spread of Islam</a> in the Middle East and the influx of pilgrims required an almost complete rebuilding of the site which included adding more marble and three more minarets.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ottoman_era">Ottoman era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Ottoman era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1570, <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Sultan">Sultan</a> <a href="/wiki/Selim_II" title="Selim II">Selim II</a> commissioned the chief architect <a href="/wiki/Mimar_Sinan" title="Mimar Sinan">Mimar Sinan</a> to renovate the mosque. This renovation resulted in the replacement of the flat roof with domes decorated with <a href="/wiki/Islamic_calligraphy" title="Islamic calligraphy">calligraphy</a> internally, and the placement of new support columns which are acknowledged as the earliest architectural features of the present mosque. These features are the oldest surviving parts of the building. </p><p>During heavy rains and flash floods in 1621 and 1629, the walls of the Kaaba and the mosque suffered extensive damage.<sup id="cite_ref-Wynbrandt2010p101_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wynbrandt2010p101-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1629, during the reign of Sultan <a href="/wiki/Murad_IV" title="Murad IV">Murad IV</a>, the mosque was renovated. In the renovation of the mosque, a new stone arcade was added, three more minarets (bringing the total to seven) were built, and the marble flooring was retiled. This was the unaltered state of the mosque for nearly three centuries. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:993px;max-width:993px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:125px;max-width:125px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:176px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kaba_1750.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Kaba_1750.jpg/123px-Kaba_1750.jpg" decoding="async" width="123" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Kaba_1750.jpg/185px-Kaba_1750.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Kaba_1750.jpg/246px-Kaba_1750.jpg 2x" data-file-width="322" data-file-height="461" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The Great Mosque in an illustration of the <a href="/wiki/Dala%27il_al-Khayrat" title="Dala'il al-Khayrat">Dala'il al-Khayrat</a> of Mustafa Halim, 1750</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:117px;max-width:117px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:176px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Khalili_Collection_Hajj_and_Arts_of_Pilgrimage_mss_1038_fol_19b-20a_CROP.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Khalili_Collection_Hajj_and_Arts_of_Pilgrimage_mss_1038_fol_19b-20a_CROP.jpg/115px-Khalili_Collection_Hajj_and_Arts_of_Pilgrimage_mss_1038_fol_19b-20a_CROP.jpg" decoding="async" width="115" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Khalili_Collection_Hajj_and_Arts_of_Pilgrimage_mss_1038_fol_19b-20a_CROP.jpg/173px-Khalili_Collection_Hajj_and_Arts_of_Pilgrimage_mss_1038_fol_19b-20a_CROP.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Khalili_Collection_Hajj_and_Arts_of_Pilgrimage_mss_1038_fol_19b-20a_CROP.jpg/230px-Khalili_Collection_Hajj_and_Arts_of_Pilgrimage_mss_1038_fol_19b-20a_CROP.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1362" data-file-height="2095" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The Great Mosque in an illustration of the <i>Futuh al-Haramayn</i> of <a href="/wiki/Muhi_Al-Din_Lari" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhi Al-Din Lari">Muhi Al-Din Lari</a>, 1582</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:176px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mecca-1850.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mecca-1850.jpg/268px-Mecca-1850.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mecca-1850.jpg/402px-Mecca-1850.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Mecca-1850.jpg/536px-Mecca-1850.jpg 2x" data-file-width="593" data-file-height="390" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The mosque in 1850, during the Ottoman period</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:219px;max-width:219px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:176px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1018_of_%27(The_Gallery_of_Geography,_a_pictorial_and_descriptive_tour_of_the_world.)%27_(11284997903).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/1018_of_%27%28The_Gallery_of_Geography%2C_a_pictorial_and_descriptive_tour_of_the_world.%29%27_%2811284997903%29.jpg/217px-1018_of_%27%28The_Gallery_of_Geography%2C_a_pictorial_and_descriptive_tour_of_the_world.%29%27_%2811284997903%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/1018_of_%27%28The_Gallery_of_Geography%2C_a_pictorial_and_descriptive_tour_of_the_world.%29%27_%2811284997903%29.jpg/326px-1018_of_%27%28The_Gallery_of_Geography%2C_a_pictorial_and_descriptive_tour_of_the_world.%29%27_%2811284997903%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/1018_of_%27%28The_Gallery_of_Geography%2C_a_pictorial_and_descriptive_tour_of_the_world.%29%27_%2811284997903%29.jpg/434px-1018_of_%27%28The_Gallery_of_Geography%2C_a_pictorial_and_descriptive_tour_of_the_world.%29%27_%2811284997903%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1422" data-file-height="1157" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Plan of the Masjid al-Haram, 1884</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:176px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Makkah-1910.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Makkah-1910.jpg/250px-Makkah-1910.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Makkah-1910.jpg/375px-Makkah-1910.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Makkah-1910.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="353" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The mosque in 1910, during the Ottoman period</div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Saudi_era">The Saudi era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: The Saudi era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Crowds_in_haram_makkah.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Crowds_in_haram_makkah.jpg/220px-Crowds_in_haram_makkah.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Crowds_in_haram_makkah.jpg/330px-Crowds_in_haram_makkah.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Crowds_in_haram_makkah.jpg/440px-Crowds_in_haram_makkah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Huge uncontrolled crowds in Haram have caused stampedes causing suffocation and deaths.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="First_Saudi_expansion">First Saudi expansion</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: First Saudi expansion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first major renovation under the Saudi kings was done between 1955 and 1973. In this renovation, four more minarets were added, the ceiling was refurnished, and the floor was replaced with artificial stone and marble. The Mas'a gallery (As-Safa and Al-Marwah) is included in the Mosque, via roofing and enclosures. During this renovation many of the historical features built by the Ottomans, particularly the support columns, were <a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_early_Islamic_heritage_sites_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Destruction of early Islamic heritage sites in Saudi Arabia">demolished</a>. </p><p>On 20 November 1979, the Great Mosque was <a href="/wiki/Grand_Mosque_seizure" title="Grand Mosque seizure">seized by extremist insurgents</a> who called for the overthrow of the Saudi dynasty. They took hostages and in the ensuing siege hundreds were killed. These events came as a shock to the Islamic world, as violence is strictly forbidden within the mosque. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Second_Saudi_expansion">Second Saudi expansion</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Second Saudi expansion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The second Saudi renovations under <a href="/wiki/King_Fahd" class="mw-redirect" title="King Fahd">King Fahd</a>, added a new wing and an outdoor prayer area to the mosque. The new wing, which is also for prayers, is reached through the King Fahd Gate. This extension was performed between 1982 and 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>1987 to 2005 saw the building of more minarets, the erecting of a <a href="/wiki/King_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="King of Saudi Arabia">King's</a> residence overlooking the mosque and more prayer area in and around the mosque itself. These developments took place simultaneously with those in <a href="/wiki/Mount_Arafat" title="Mount Arafat">Arafat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mina,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Mina, Saudi Arabia">Mina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muzdalifah" title="Muzdalifah">Muzdalifah</a>. This extension also added 18 more gates, three domes corresponding in position to each gate and the installation of nearly 500 marble columns. Other modern developments added heated floors, air conditioning, escalators and a drainage system.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In addition, the King Fahd expansion includes 6 dedicated prayer halls for people with disabilities. These halls have ramps to facilitate entry and exit with wheelchairs, as well as dedicated paths and free electric and manual carts for their use.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Third_Saudi_expansion">Third Saudi expansion</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Third Saudi expansion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2008, the Saudi government under <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Abdullah of Saudi Arabia">King Abdullah Ibn Abdulaziz</a> announced an expansion<sup id="cite_ref-madainabdullahexp_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-madainabdullahexp-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the mosque, involving the <a href="/wiki/Expropriation" class="mw-redirect" title="Expropriation">expropriation</a> of land to the north and northwest of the mosque covering 300,000 m<sup>2</sup> (3,200,000 sq ft). At that time, the mosque covered an area of 356,800 m<sup>2</sup> (3,841,000 sq ft) including indoor and outdoor praying spaces. 40 billion riyals (US$10.6 billion) was allocated for the expansion project.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2011, the government under <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Abdullah of Saudi Arabia">King Abdullah</a> announced further details of the expansion. It would cover an area of 400,000 m<sup>2</sup> (4,300,000 sq ft) and accommodate 1.2 million worshippers, including a multi-level extension on the north side of the complex, new stairways and tunnels, a gate named after King Abdullah, and two minarets, bringing the total number of minarets to eleven. The circumambulation areas (Mataf) around the Kaaba would be expanded and all closed spaces receive air conditioning. After completion, it would raise the mosque's capacity from 770,000 to over 2.5 million worshippers.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GME_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GME-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/List_of_kings_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of kings of Saudi Arabia">His successor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salman_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Salman of Saudi Arabia">King Salman</a> launched five megaprojects as part of the overall King Abdullah Expansion Project in July 2015, covering an area of 456,000 m<sup>2</sup> (4,910,000 sq ft). The project was carried out by the <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Binladin_Group" title="Saudi Binladin Group">Saudi Binladin Group</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012, the <a href="/wiki/Abraj_Al_Bait" class="mw-redirect" title="Abraj Al Bait">Abraj Al Bait</a> complex was completed along with the 601 meter tall Makkah Royal Clock Tower. </p><p>On 11 September 2015, at least 111 people died and 394 were injured <a href="/wiki/Mecca_crane_collapse" title="Mecca crane collapse">when a crane collapsed onto the mosque</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Alarabiya_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alarabiya-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-arabianbusiness_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arabianbusiness-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Construction work was suspended after the incident, and remained on hold due to financial issues during the <a href="/wiki/2010s_oil_glut" title="2010s oil glut">2010s oil glut</a>. Development was eventually restarted two years later in September 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="COVID-19_Pandemic">COVID-19 Pandemic</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: COVID-19 Pandemic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 5 March 2020, during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, the mosque began to be closed at night and the Umrah pilgrimage was suspended to limit attendance.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The resumption of Umrah service began on 4 October 2020 with the first phase of a gradual resumption that was limited to Saudi citizens and expatriates from within the Kingdom at a rate of 30 percent.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only 10,000 people were given Hajj visas in 2020 while 60,000 people were given visas in 2021. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_current_and_former_Imams">List of current and former Imams</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: List of current and former Imams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_Imams">Current Imams</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Current Imams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Rahman_Al-Sudais" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdul Rahman Al-Sudais">Abd ar-Rahman as-Sudais</a>, appointed Imam and Khateeb in 1984.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Chief Imam and President of the Affairs of the Two Holy Mosques)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salih_bin_Abdullah_al_Humaid" class="mw-redirect" title="Salih bin Abdullah al Humaid">Salih bin Abdullah al Humaid</a>, appointed Imam and Khateeb in 1984. Former Chairman of Majlis Ash-Shura (<a href="/wiki/Consultative_Assembly_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia">Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usama_bin_Abdullah_Khayyat" title="Usama bin Abdullah Khayyat">Usama bin Abdullah Khayyat</a>, appointed Imam and Khateeb in 1998.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maher_Al-Mu%27aiqly" class="mw-redirect" title="Maher Al-Mu'aiqly">Mahir Al-Muayqali</a>, appointed Imam in 2007, and Khateeb in 2016.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Awad_Al_Juhany" title="Abdullah Awad Al Juhany">Abdullah Awad Al Juhany</a>, appointed Imam in 2007 and Khateeb in 2019.</li> <li>Faisal Jameel Ghazzawi, appointed Imam and Khateeb in 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandar_Baleela" title="Bandar Baleela">Bandar Baleela</a>, appointed Imam in 2013, and Khateeb in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasser_Al-Dosari" class="mw-redirect" title="Yasser Al-Dosari">Yasser Al-Dosari</a>, appointed Imam in 2015 and Khateeb in 2022.</li></ul> <ul><li>Al-Waleed al-Shamsan, appointed Guest Imam in Ramadan 2024, appointed permanent imam 7 months later in October 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li>Badr al-Turki, appointed Guest Imam in Ramadan 2024, appointed permanent imam 7 months later in October 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_Imams">Former Imams</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Former Imams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Imams" class="mw-redirect" title="Imams">Imams</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-formerimams_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-formerimams-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Khatib" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmad Khatib">Ahmad Khatib</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">أَحْمَد خَطِيْب</span>‎</span>), Islamic Scholar from <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, appointed as Imam during Ottoman rule.</li> <li>Abdullah Abdul Ghani Khayat (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">عبد الله عبد الغني خياط</span>), appointed Imam and Khateeb from 1953 to 1984.</li> <li>Abdullah Al-Khulaifi (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">عَبْد ٱلله ٱلْخُلَيْفِي</span>), appointed Imam and Khateeb from 1953 until death in 1993.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Humaid" title="Ibn Humaid">Abdullah Ibn Humaid</a>, served as Imam from 1957 until 1981. He also served as President of Affairs of the Two Holy Mosques and as Chief Justice of Saudi Arabia.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Al_Subail" title="Mohammad Al Subail">Mohammad Al-Subayyil</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">مُحَمَّد ٱلسُّبَيِّل</span>‎</span>), served as Imam and Khateeb from 1965 to 2008. He was Chief Imam and President of the Agency for the Affairs of the Two Holy Mosques until 2008.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Abdullah_Jaber" title="Ali Abdullah Jaber">Ali bin Abdullah Jaber</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">عَلِى بِن عَبْدُ ٱلله جَابِر</span>‎</span>), Imam from 1981 to 1983, guest Imam for Ramadhan 1986–1989.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Bin_Abdur_Rahman_Al_Huthaify" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali Bin Abdur Rahman Al Huthaify">Ali bin Abdur-Rahman Al-Huthaify</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">عَلِي بِن عَبْدُ ٱلرَّحۡمٰن ٱلْحُذَيْفِي</span>‎</span>), guest Imam for Ramadhan 1981, 1985–1986, 1988–1991, now Chief Imam of <a href="/wiki/The_Prophet%27s_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="The Prophet's Mosque">The Prophet's Mosque</a>.</li> <li>Umar Al-Subayyil (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">عُمَر ٱلسُّبَيِّل</span>‎</span>), Imam and Khateeb from 1993 until death in 2002.</li> <li>Abdullah Al-Harazi (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">عَبْد ٱلله الْحَرَازِي</span>‎</span>), former Chairman of Saudi Majlis al-Shura.</li> <li>Salah ibn Muhammad Al-Budair (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">صَلَاح ابْن مُحَمَّد ٱلْبُدَيْر</span>‎</span>), led Taraweeh in Ramadan 1426 (2005) and 1427 (2006), now Deputy Chief Imam of <a href="/wiki/Al-Masjid_an-Nabawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Masjid an-Nabawi">The Prophet's Mosque</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adil_al-Kalbani" title="Adil al-Kalbani">Adil al-Kalbani</a><sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes2009Mecca_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes2009Mecca-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">عَادِل ٱلْكَلْبَانِي</span>‎</span>), served as Imam for Tarawih prayers in 2008.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saleh_Al-Talib" title="Saleh Al-Talib">Saleh Al-Talib</a>, appointed Imam and Khatib in 2002 and served until July 2018, got imprisoned by Saudi Authorities for criticizing their actions and served 10 years in Jail</li> <li>Khalid al Ghamdi, retired as Imam and Khatib of Masjid Al Haram in September 2018, 10 years after appointment.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saud_Al-Shuraim" title="Saud Al-Shuraim">Saud Al-Shuraim</a>, appointed Imam and Khatib in 1992 and resigned in 2022.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pilgrimage">Pilgrimage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Pilgrimage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a> and <a href="/wiki/Umrah" title="Umrah">Umrah</a></div> <p>The Great Mosque is the main setting for the Hajj and Umrah pilgrimages<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that occur in the month of <a href="/wiki/Dhu_al-Hijja" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhu al-Hijja">Dhu al-Hijja</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a> and at any time of the year, respectively. The Hajj pilgrimage is one of the Pillars of Islam, required of all able-bodied Muslims who can afford the trip. In recent times, over 5 million Muslims perform the Hajj every year.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structures">Structures</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Structures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Ka%27aba" class="mw-redirect" title="Ka'aba">Ka'aba</a></i> is a <a href="/wiki/Cuboid" title="Cuboid">cuboid</a>-shaped building in the center of the Great Mosque and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_significant_religious_sites#Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="List of significant religious sites">most sacred site</a> in Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-eoi317_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eoi317-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the focal point for Islamic rituals like prayer and pilgrimage.<sup id="cite_ref-eoi317_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eoi317-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Black_Stone" title="Black Stone">Black Stone</a> is the eastern cornerstone of the Kaaba and plays a role in the pilgrimage.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maqam_Ibrahim" title="Maqam Ibrahim">Maqam Ibrahim</a> is a rock that reportedly has an imprint of Abraham's foot and is kept in a crystal dome next to the Kaaba.<sup id="cite_ref-KisterEI_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KisterEI-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safa_and_Marwa" title="Safa and Marwa">Safa and Marwa</a> are two hills between which Abraham's wife [Haajar] ran, looking for water for her infant son <a href="/wiki/Ishmael" title="Ishmael">Ismael</a>, an event which is commemorated in the <span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">saʿy</i></span> ritual of the pilgrimage. [Sa'aee]<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Zamzam_Well" title="Zamzam Well">Zamzam Well</a> is the water source which, according to tradition, sprang miraculously after Haajar was unable to find water between Safa and Marwah.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Nearby is <a href="/wiki/Makkah_Al_Mukarramah_Library" title="Makkah Al Mukarramah Library">Makkah Al Mukarramah Library</a> (<span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Masjid_al-Haram&params=21_25_30_N_39_49_48_E_type:landmark_scale:5000_region:SA&title=Bayt+al-Mawlid+%2F+Makkah+Al+Mukarramah+Library"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">21°25′30″N</span> <span class="longitude">39°49′48″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">21.42500°N 39.83000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">21.42500; 39.83000</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Bayt al-Mawlid / Makkah Al Mukarramah Library</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span>). Since it is believed to stand on the spot where Muhammad was born, it is also known as <i><a href="/wiki/Bayt_al-Mawlid" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayt al-Mawlid">Bayt al-Mawlid</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-H&UP_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H&UP-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dar_al-Hadith_04-2012_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dar_al-Hadith_04-2012-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 153.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 151.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Kabah_in_the_Grand_Mosque_of_Makkah,_Saudi_Arabia_(52501405646).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Kaaba"><img alt="The Kaaba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/The_Kabah_in_the_Grand_Mosque_of_Makkah%2C_Saudi_Arabia_%2852501405646%29.jpg/227px-The_Kabah_in_the_Grand_Mosque_of_Makkah%2C_Saudi_Arabia_%2852501405646%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="152" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/The_Kabah_in_the_Grand_Mosque_of_Makkah%2C_Saudi_Arabia_%2852501405646%29.jpg/341px-The_Kabah_in_the_Grand_Mosque_of_Makkah%2C_Saudi_Arabia_%2852501405646%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/The_Kabah_in_the_Grand_Mosque_of_Makkah%2C_Saudi_Arabia_%2852501405646%29.jpg/455px-The_Kabah_in_the_Grand_Mosque_of_Makkah%2C_Saudi_Arabia_%2852501405646%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3789" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Kaaba</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 121.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 119.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Blackstone.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Black Stone"><img alt="The Black Stone" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/The_Blackstone.jpg/179px-The_Blackstone.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/The_Blackstone.jpg/269px-The_Blackstone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/The_Blackstone.jpg/359px-The_Blackstone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="514" data-file-height="516" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Black Stone</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maqam_Ibrahim,_Makkah.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Maqam Ibrahim's crystal dome"><img alt="Maqam Ibrahim's crystal dome" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Maqam_Ibrahim%2C_Makkah.jpg/136px-Maqam_Ibrahim%2C_Makkah.jpg" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Maqam_Ibrahim%2C_Makkah.jpg/204px-Maqam_Ibrahim%2C_Makkah.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Maqam_Ibrahim%2C_Makkah.jpg/272px-Maqam_Ibrahim%2C_Makkah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1763" data-file-height="2333" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Maqam Ibrahim's crystal dome</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Al-Marwah.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Mount Marwah within the mosque"><img alt="Mount Marwah within the mosque" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Al-Marwah.JPG/320px-Al-Marwah.JPG" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Al-Marwah.JPG/480px-Al-Marwah.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Al-Marwah.JPG/640px-Al-Marwah.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2160" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mount Marwah within the mosque</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mount_Safa_Mecca.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mount Safa"><img alt="Mount Safa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Mount_Safa_Mecca.jpg/240px-Mount_Safa_Mecca.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Mount_Safa_Mecca.jpg/360px-Mount_Safa_Mecca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Mount_Safa_Mecca.jpg/480px-Mount_Safa_Mecca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mount Safa</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zamzamwell2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The well of Zamzam located beneath the floor (entrance now covered)"><img alt="The well of Zamzam located beneath the floor (entrance now covered)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Zamzamwell2.JPG/241px-Zamzamwell2.JPG" decoding="async" width="161" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Zamzamwell2.JPG/361px-Zamzamwell2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Zamzamwell2.JPG/482px-Zamzamwell2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2002" data-file-height="1496" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The well of Zamzam located beneath the floor (entrance now covered)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Destruction_of_heritage_sites">Destruction of heritage sites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Destruction of heritage sites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_early_Islamic_heritage_sites_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Destruction of early Islamic heritage sites in Saudi Arabia">Destruction of early Islamic heritage sites in Saudi Arabia</a></div> <p>There has been some controversy that the expansion projects of the mosque and Mecca itself are causing harm to early Islamic heritage. Many ancient buildings, some more than a thousand years old, have been demolished to make room for the expansion. Some examples are:<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Dār Al-Arqam</i></span>, the Islamic school where Muhammad first taught, was flattened to lay marble tiles.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Source that it happened, not only that it's under threat (February 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>The house of <a href="/wiki/Amr_ibn_Hish%C4%81m" class="mw-redirect" title="Amr ibn Hishām">Abu Jahal</a> has been demolished and replaced by public washrooms.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Source that it happened, not only that it's under threat (February 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>A dome that served as a canopy over the <a href="/wiki/Well_of_Zamzam" class="mw-redirect" title="Well of Zamzam">Well of Zamzam</a> was demolished.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Source that it happened, not only that it's under threat (February 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Some <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_architecture" title="Ottoman architecture">Ottoman</a> <a href="/wiki/Portico" title="Portico">porticos</a> at the Mosque were demolished.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/27px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/40px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/54px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Islam portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/48px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/64px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Saudi_Arabia" title="Portal:Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Aqsa" title="Al-Aqsa">Al-Aqsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holiest_sites_in_Islam" title="Holiest sites in Islam">Holiest sites in Islam</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%E1%B8%A4-R-M" title="Ḥ-R-M">Ḥ-R-M</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haram_(site)" title="Haram (site)">Haram (site)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques" class="mw-redirect" title="List of mosques">List of mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of mosques in Saudi Arabia">List of mosques in Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_oldest_mosques" title="List of the oldest mosques">List of the oldest mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_mosques" title="Lists of mosques">Lists of mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masar_Destination" title="Masar Destination">Masar Destination</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Online</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Great-Mosque-of-Mecca">Great Mosque of Mecca: mosque, Mecca, Saudi Arabia</a>, in <i>Encyclopædia Britannica Online</i>, by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica, Surabhi Sinha, Noah Tesch, Amy Tikkanen, Grace Young and Adam Zeidan</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Location_of_Masjid_al-Haram-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Location_of_Masjid_al-Haram_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&geocode=&q=Masjidal-Haram&aq=&sll=24.46844,39.611807&sspn=0.011894,0.021136&vpsrc=0&ie=UTF8&hq=&hnear=&t=m&z=16&cid=6183997883437107077&iwloc=A">"Location of Masjid al-Haram"</a>. Google Maps. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140525232703/https://maps.google.com/maps?f=q">Archived</a> from the original on 25 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Location+of+Masjid+al-Haram&rft.pub=Google+Maps&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmaps.google.com%2Fmaps%3Ff%3Dq%26source%3Ds_q%26hl%3Den%26geocode%3D%26q%3DMasjidal-Haram%26aq%3D%26sll%3D24.46844%2C39.611807%26sspn%3D0.011894%2C0.021136%26vpsrc%3D0%26ie%3DUTF8%26hq%3D%26hnear%3D%26t%3Dm%26z%3D16%26cid%3D6183997883437107077%26iwloc%3DA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://makkah-madinah.accor.com/makkah-guide/al-haram/">"AL HARAM"</a>. <i>makkah-madinah.accor.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=makkah-madinah.accor.com&rft.atitle=AL+HARAM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmakkah-madinah.accor.com%2Fmakkah-guide%2Fal-haram%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaye2018" class="citation web cs1">Daye, Ali (21 March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.realestate.cornell.edu/2018/03/21/grandmosqueexpansion/">"Grand Mosque Expansion Highlights Growth of Saudi Arabian Tourism Industry (6 mins)"</a>. <i>Cornell Real Estate Review</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190209180524/https://blog.realestate.cornell.edu/2018/03/21/grandmosqueexpansion/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cornell+Real+Estate+Review&rft.atitle=Grand+Mosque+Expansion+Highlights+Growth+of+Saudi+Arabian+Tourism+Industry+%286+mins%29&rft.date=2018-03-21&rft.aulast=Daye&rft.aufirst=Ali&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.realestate.cornell.edu%2F2018%2F03%2F21%2Fgrandmosqueexpansion%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="en" dir="ltr">Cite error: The named reference ":0" was defined multiple times with different content (see the <a href="/wiki/Help:Cite_errors/Cite_error_references_duplicate_key" title="Help:Cite errors/Cite error references duplicate key">help page</a>).</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDenny1990" class="citation book cs1">Denny, Frederick M. (9 August 1990). Kieckhefer, Richard; Bond, George D. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7jj4QLAN2coC&pg=PA69"><i>Sainthood: Its Manifestations in World Religions</i></a>. University of California Press. p. 69. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520071896" title="Special:BookSources/9780520071896"><bdi>9780520071896</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210918143013/https://books.google.com/books?id=7jj4QLAN2coC&pg=PA69">Archived</a> from the original on 18 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sainthood%3A+Its+Manifestations+in+World+Religions&rft.pages=69&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1990-08-09&rft.isbn=9780520071896&rft.aulast=Denny&rft.aufirst=Frederick+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7jj4QLAN2coC%26pg%3DPA69&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Great-Mosque-of-Mecca">"Great Mosque of Mecca | History, Expansion, & Facts"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191211000810/https://www.britannica.com/topic/Great-Mosque-of-Mecca">Archived</a> from the original on 11 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Great+Mosque+of+Mecca+%7C+History%2C+Expansion%2C+%26+Facts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FGreat-Mosque-of-Mecca&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRavindran2023" class="citation book cs1">Ravindran, K. (5 January 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tUmkEAAAQBAJ&dq=masjid+al+haram+holiest+masjid&pg=PT30"><i>Holy Lands of Abrahamic Religions: A Brief History and Pilgrimage</i></a>. Notion Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-8-88869-631-6" title="Special:BookSources/979-8-88869-631-6"><bdi>979-8-88869-631-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Holy+Lands+of+Abrahamic+Religions%3A+A+Brief+History+and+Pilgrimage&rft.pub=Notion+Press&rft.date=2023-01-05&rft.isbn=979-8-88869-631-6&rft.aulast=Ravindran&rft.aufirst=K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtUmkEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dmasjid%2Bal%2Bharam%2Bholiest%2Bmasjid%26pg%3DPT30&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EBlfEAAAQBAJ&dq=is+masjid+al+haram+the+most+important+masjid&pg=PA156"><i>Illustrated Dictionary of the Muslim World</i></a>. Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC. 15 January 2011. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-9966-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-9966-4"><bdi>978-0-7614-9966-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Illustrated+Dictionary+of+the+Muslim+World&rft.pub=Cavendish+Square+Publishing%2C+LLC&rft.date=2011-01-15&rft.isbn=978-0-7614-9966-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEBlfEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dis%2Bmasjid%2Bal%2Bharam%2Bthe%2Bmost%2Bimportant%2Bmasjid%26pg%3DPA156&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cite_quran|3|97|t=y|s=ns-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cite_quran|3|97|t=y|s=ns_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0004%3Asura%3D3%3Averse%3D97">3:97</a> <sup>(<a href="/wiki/Quran_translations" title="Quran translations">Translated</a> by <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Ali" title="Abdullah Yusuf Ali">Yusuf Ali</a>)</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-34231620">"Mecca crane collapse: Saudi inquiry into Grand Mosque disaster"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 12 September 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150912214722/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-34231620">Archived</a> from the original on 12 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Mecca+crane+collapse%3A+Saudi+inquiry+into+Grand+Mosque+disaster&rft.date=2015-09-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-34231620&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fairobserver.com/region/middle_east_north_africa/mohammad-bin-salman-moderate-islam-saudi-arabia-reform-news-10621/">"Is Saudi Arabia Ready for Moderate Islam? – Latest Gulf News"</a>. <i>www.fairobserver.com</i>. 3 November 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201044324/https://www.fairobserver.com/region/middle_east_north_africa/mohammad-bin-salman-moderate-islam-saudi-arabia-reform-news-10621/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.fairobserver.com&rft.atitle=Is+Saudi+Arabia+Ready+for+Moderate+Islam%3F+%E2%80%93+Latest+Gulf+News&rft.date=2017-11-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fairobserver.com%2Fregion%2Fmiddle_east_north_africa%2Fmohammad-bin-salman-moderate-islam-saudi-arabia-reform-news-10621%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reid2012Massawa-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reid2012Massawa_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReid2012" class="citation book cs1">Reid, Richard J. (12 January 2012). "The Islamic Frontier in Eastern Africa". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=US6RQtYwasUC"><i>A History of Modern Africa: 1800 to the Present</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/John_Wiley_and_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wiley and Sons">John Wiley and Sons</a>. p. 106. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0470658987" title="Special:BookSources/978-0470658987"><bdi>978-0470658987</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210305080106/https://books.google.com/books?id=US6RQtYwasUC">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Islamic+Frontier+in+Eastern+Africa&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Modern+Africa%3A+1800+to+the+Present&rft.pages=106&rft.pub=John+Wiley+and+Sons&rft.date=2012-01-12&rft.isbn=978-0470658987&rft.aulast=Reid&rft.aufirst=Richard+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUS6RQtYwasUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Palmer2016-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Palmer2016_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalmer,_A._L.2016" class="citation book cs1">Palmer, A. L. (26 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aMsvDAAAQBAJ"><i>Historical Dictionary of Architecture</i></a> (2 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Rowman_%26_Littlefield" title="Rowman & Littlefield">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. pp. 185–236. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1442263093" title="Special:BookSources/978-1442263093"><bdi>978-1442263093</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801023854/https://books.google.com/books?id=aMsvDAAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Architecture&rft.pages=185-236&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2016-05-26&rft.isbn=978-1442263093&rft.au=Palmer%2C+A.+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaMsvDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Esposito1998-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Esposito1998_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEsposito1998" class="citation book cs1">Esposito, John (1998). <i>Islam: The Straight Path (3rd ed.)</i>. Oxford University Press. pp. 9, 12. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-511234-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-511234-4"><bdi>978-0-19-511234-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+The+Straight+Path+%283rd+ed.%29&rft.pages=9%2C+12&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-19-511234-4&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Esposito2002b-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Esposito2002b_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Esposito (2002b), pp. 4–5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Peters2003-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Peters2003_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeters2003" class="citation book cs1">Peters, F.E. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamguideforjew00fepe/page/9"><i>Islam: A Guide for Jews and Christians</i></a>. Princeton University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamguideforjew00fepe/page/9">9</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-11553-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-11553-5"><bdi>978-0-691-11553-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+A+Guide+for+Jews+and+Christians&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-691-11553-5&rft.aulast=Peters&rft.aufirst=F.E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislamguideforjew00fepe%2Fpage%2F9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Alli2013-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Alli2013_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlli2013" class="citation book cs1">Alli, Irfan (26 February 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5nRJK9sLjLsC"><i>25 Prophets of Islam</i></a>. eBookIt.com. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1456613075" title="Special:BookSources/978-1456613075"><bdi>978-1456613075</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414010428/https://books.google.com/books?id=5nRJK9sLjLsC">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=25+Prophets+of+Islam&rft.pub=eBookIt.com&rft.date=2013-02-26&rft.isbn=978-1456613075&rft.aulast=Alli&rft.aufirst=Irfan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5nRJK9sLjLsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Palmer20163-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Palmer20163_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Palmer20163_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalmer,_A._L.2016" class="citation book cs1">Palmer, A. L. (26 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aMsvDAAAQBAJ"><i>Historical Dictionary of Architecture</i></a> (2nd ed.). <a href="/wiki/Rowman_%26_Littlefield" title="Rowman & Littlefield">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. pp. 185–236. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1442263093" title="Special:BookSources/978-1442263093"><bdi>978-1442263093</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801023854/https://books.google.com/books?id=aMsvDAAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Architecture&rft.pages=185-236&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2016-05-26&rft.isbn=978-1442263093&rft.au=Palmer%2C+A.+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaMsvDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Michigan_C_19862-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Michigan_C_19862_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichigan_Consortium_for_Medieval_and_Early_Modern_Studies1986" class="citation book cs1">Michigan Consortium for Medieval and Early Modern Studies (1986). Goss, V. P.; Bornstein, C. V. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p44kAQAAMAAJ"><i>The Meeting of Two Worlds: Cultural Exchange Between East and West During the Period of the Crusades</i></a>. Vol. 21. Medieval Institute Publications, Western Michigan University. p. 208. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0918720580" title="Special:BookSources/978-0918720580"><bdi>978-0918720580</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201120141313/https://books.google.com/books?id=p44kAQAAMAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 20 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Meeting+of+Two+Worlds%3A+Cultural+Exchange+Between+East+and+West+During+the+Period+of+the+Crusades&rft.pages=208&rft.pub=Medieval+Institute+Publications%2C+Western+Michigan+University&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0918720580&rft.au=Michigan+Consortium+for+Medieval+and+Early+Modern+Studies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dp44kAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Abu_Sway_20112-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Abu_Sway_20112_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMustafa_Abu_Sway" class="citation news cs1">Mustafa Abu Sway. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110728001911/http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/Abusway_0.pdf">"The Holy Land, Jerusalem and Al-Aqsa Mosque in the Qur'an, Sunnah and other Islamic Literary Source"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Central_Conference_of_American_Rabbis" title="Central Conference of American Rabbis">Central Conference of American Rabbis</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/Abusway_0.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 28 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Holy+Land%2C+Jerusalem+and+Al-Aqsa+Mosque+in+the+Qur%27an%2C+Sunnah+and+other+Islamic+Literary+Source&rft.au=Mustafa+Abu+Sway&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcfia.harvard.edu%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2FAbusway_0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dyrness20132-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dyrness20132_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDyrness,_W._A.2013" class="citation book cs1">Dyrness, W. A. (29 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=inJNAwAAQBAJ"><i>Senses of Devotion: Interfaith Aesthetics in Buddhist and Muslim Communities</i></a>. Vol. 7. <a href="/wiki/Wipf_and_Stock" title="Wipf and Stock">Wipf and Stock</a> Publishers. p. 25. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1620321362" title="Special:BookSources/978-1620321362"><bdi>978-1620321362</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210413224454/https://books.google.com/books?id=inJNAwAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 13 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Senses+of+Devotion%3A+Interfaith+Aesthetics+in+Buddhist+and+Muslim+Communities&rft.pages=25&rft.pub=Wipf+and+Stock+Publishers&rft.date=2013-05-29&rft.isbn=978-1620321362&rft.au=Dyrness%2C+W.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DinJNAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Watt2003-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Watt2003_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatt2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/W._Montgomery_Watt" title="W. Montgomery Watt">Watt, William Montgomery</a> (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AQUZ6BGyohQC"><i>Islam and the Integration of Society</i></a>. Psychology Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AQUZ6BGyohQC&pg=PA5">5</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-17587-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-17587-6"><bdi>978-0-415-17587-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806062823/https://books.google.com/books?id=AQUZ6BGyohQC">Archived</a> from the original on 6 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+and+the+Integration+of+Society&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-415-17587-6&rft.aulast=Watt&rft.aufirst=William+Montgomery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAQUZ6BGyohQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reid2012Massawa2-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Reid2012Massawa2_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReid2012" class="citation book cs1">Reid, Richard J. (12 January 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=US6RQtYwasUC">"The Islamic Frontier in Eastern Africa"</a>. <i>A History of Modern Africa: 1800 to the Present</i>. <a href="/wiki/John_Wiley_and_Sons" class="mw-redirect" title="John Wiley and Sons">John Wiley and Sons</a>. p. 106. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0470658987" title="Special:BookSources/978-0470658987"><bdi>978-0470658987</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210305080106/https://books.google.com/books?id=US6RQtYwasUC">Archived</a> from the original on 5 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Islamic+Frontier+in+Eastern+Africa&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Modern+Africa%3A+1800+to+the+Present&rft.pages=106&rft.pub=John+Wiley+and+Sons&rft.date=2012-01-12&rft.isbn=978-0470658987&rft.aulast=Reid&rft.aufirst=Richard+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUS6RQtYwasUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cite_quran|2|127|t=y|s=ns2-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cite_quran|2|127|t=y|s=ns2_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0004%3Asura%3D2%3Averse%3D127">2:127</a> <sup>(<a href="/wiki/Quran_translations" title="Quran translations">Translated</a> by <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Yusuf_Ali" title="Abdullah Yusuf Ali">Yusuf Ali</a>)</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.quran.com/22/27-39">"Quran 22:27"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161003073536/http://legacy.quran.com/22/27-39">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Quran+22%3A27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flegacy.quran.com%2F22%2F27-39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cite_quran|21|51|e=75|s=ns-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cite_quran|21|51|e=75|s=ns_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D21%3Averse%3D57">21:57–58</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lings-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lings_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Mecca: From Before Genesis Until Now</i>, M. Lings, pg. 39, Archetype</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Galsse-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Galsse_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Concise Encyclopedia of Islam</i>, C. Glasse, <i>Kaaba</i>, Suhail Academy</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ishaq-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ishaq_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_Ishaq1955" class="citation book cs1">Ibn Ishaq, Muhammad (1955). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/TheLifeOfMohammedGuillaume/The_Life_Of_Mohammed_Guillaume#page/n67/mode/1up"><i>Ibn Ishaq's Sirat Rasul Allah – The Life of Muhammad Translated by A. Guillaume</i></a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 88–9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780196360331" title="Special:BookSources/9780196360331"><bdi>9780196360331</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ibn+Ishaq%27s+Sirat+Rasul+Allah+%E2%80%93+The+Life+of+Muhammad+Translated+by+A.+Guillaume&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=88-9&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1955&rft.isbn=9780196360331&rft.aulast=Ibn+Ishaq&rft.aufirst=Muhammad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FTheLifeOfMohammedGuillaume%2FThe_Life_Of_Mohammed_Guillaume%23page%2Fn67%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-armstrong-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-armstrong_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaren_Armstrong2002" class="citation book cs1">Karen Armstrong (2002). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamshorthistor00arms_354"><i>Islam: A Short History</i></a></span>. Random House Publishing. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/islamshorthistor00arms_354/page/n50">11</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8129-6618-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-8129-6618-X"><bdi>0-8129-6618-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+A+Short+History&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Random+House+Publishing&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-8129-6618-X&rft.au=Karen+Armstrong&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fislamshorthistor00arms_354&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuidetti2016" class="citation book cs1">Guidetti, Mattia (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3n5yDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA113"><i>In the Shadow of the Church: The Building of Mosques in Early Medieval Syria: The Building of Mosques in Early Medieval Syria</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">BRILL</a>. p. 113. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004328839" title="Special:BookSources/9789004328839"><bdi>9789004328839</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211120051251/https://books.google.com/books?id=3n5yDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA113">Archived</a> from the original on 20 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+the+Shadow+of+the+Church%3A+The+Building+of+Mosques+in+Early+Medieval+Syria%3A+The+Building+of+Mosques+in+Early+Medieval+Syria&rft.pages=113&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9789004328839&rft.aulast=Guidetti&rft.aufirst=Mattia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3n5yDQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA113&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPetersen2002" class="citation book cs1">Petersen, Andrew (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9A-EAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA180"><i>Dictionary of Islamic Architecture</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781134613656" title="Special:BookSources/9781134613656"><bdi>9781134613656</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211120051315/https://books.google.com/books?id=9A-EAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA180">Archived</a> from the original on 20 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Islamic+Architecture&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9781134613656&rft.aulast=Petersen&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9A-EAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA180&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAli1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wijdan_Ali" title="Wijdan Ali">Ali, Wijdan</a> (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rpUuqLPPKK4C"><i>The Arab Contribution to Islamic Art: From the Seventh to the Fifteenth Centuries</i></a>. American Univ in Cairo Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789774244766" title="Special:BookSources/9789774244766"><bdi>9789774244766</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211120051252/https://books.google.com/books?id=rpUuqLPPKK4C">Archived</a> from the original on 20 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Arab+Contribution+to+Islamic+Art%3A+From+the+Seventh+to+the+Fifteenth+Centuries&rft.pub=American+Univ+in+Cairo+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9789774244766&rft.aulast=Ali&rft.aufirst=Wijdan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrpUuqLPPKK4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wynbrandt2010p101-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wynbrandt2010p101_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_Wynbrandt2010" class="citation book cs1">James Wynbrandt (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eZkIXdsZpPsC&pg=PA101"><i>A Brief History of Saudi Arabia</i></a>. Infobase Publishing. p. 101. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-7876-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-7876-9"><bdi>978-0-8160-7876-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140103080820/http://books.google.com/books?id=eZkIXdsZpPsC&pg=PA101">Archived</a> from the original on 3 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.pages=101&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-7876-9&rft.au=James+Wynbrandt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeZkIXdsZpPsC%26pg%3DPA101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://madainproject.com/gates_of_masjid_al_haram">"Gates of Masjid al-Haram"</a>. <i>Madain Project</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180318054614/http://madainproject.com/gates_of_masjid_al_haram">Archived</a> from the original on 18 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Madain+Project&rft.atitle=Gates+of+Masjid+al-Haram&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmadainproject.com%2Fgates_of_masjid_al_haram&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/ReasahAlharmain/status/1702364005891797062">"Presidency of the Two Holy Mosques. (2023, August 3). 6 dedicated prayer halls for people with disabilities in the King Fahd expansion of the Grand Mosque. Tweet"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Presidency+of+the+Two+Holy+Mosques.+%282023%2C+August+3%29.+6+dedicated+prayer+halls+for+people+with+disabilities+in+the+King+Fahd+expansion+of+the+Grand+Mosque.+Tweet.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2FReasahAlharmain%2Fstatus%2F1702364005891797062&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-madainabdullahexp-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-madainabdullahexp_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200920043613/https://madainproject.com/king_abdullah_expansion">"King 'Abdullah Extension of Masjid al-Haram"</a>. <i>Madain Project</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://madainproject.com/king_abdullah_expansion">the original</a> on 20 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Madain+Project&rft.atitle=King+%27Abdullah+Extension+of+Masjid+al-Haram&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmadainproject.com%2Fking_abdullah_expansion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131228064216/http://www.onislam.net/english/news/global/436921.html">"Riyadh Expands Masjid al-Haram"</a>. <i>OnIslam.net</i>. 6 January 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.onislam.net/english/news/global/436921.html">the original</a> on 28 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=OnIslam.net&rft.atitle=Riyadh+Expands+Masjid+al-Haram&rft.date=2008-01-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onislam.net%2Fenglish%2Fnews%2Fglobal%2F436921.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120512045113/http://www.onislam.net/english/news/global/453578-historic-masjid-al-haram-extension-launched.html">"Historic Masjid Al-Haram Extension Launched"</a>. <i>onislam</i>. 20 August 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.onislam.net/english/news/global/453578-historic-masjid-al-haram-extension-launched.html">the original</a> on 12 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=onislam&rft.atitle=Historic+Masjid+Al-Haram+Extension+Launched&rft.date=2011-08-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onislam.net%2Fenglish%2Fnews%2Fglobal%2F453578-historic-masjid-al-haram-extension-launched.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GME-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GME_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170620021934/http://ca.reuters.com/article/topNews/idCATRE77J0W520110820?sp=true">"Saudi Arabia starts Mecca mosque expansion"</a>. <i>reuters.com</i>. 20 August 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ca.reuters.com/article/topNews/idCATRE77J0W520110820?sp=true">the original</a> on 20 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=reuters.com&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia+starts+Mecca+mosque+expansion&rft.date=2011-08-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fca.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FtopNews%2FidCATRE77J0W520110820%3Fsp%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://saudigazette.com.sa/article/129324/King-launches-key-Grand-Mosque-expansion-projects">"King launches key Grand Mosque expansion projects"</a>. <i>Saudi Gazette</i>. 12 July 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190209180554/http://saudigazette.com.sa/article/129324/King-launches-key-Grand-Mosque-expansion-projects">Archived</a> from the original on 9 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Saudi+Gazette&rft.atitle=King+launches+key+Grand+Mosque+expansion+projects&rft.date=2015-07-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsaudigazette.com.sa%2Farticle%2F129324%2FKing-launches-key-Grand-Mosque-expansion-projects&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Alarabiya-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Alarabiya_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2015/09/14/Makkah-crane-crash-report-submitted-to-King-Salman.html">"Makkah crane crash report submitted"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Al_Arabiya" title="Al Arabiya">Al Arabiya</a></i>. 14 September 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181226082034/http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2015/09/14/Makkah-crane-crash-report-submitted-to-King-Salman.html%20">Archived</a> from the original on 26 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Arabiya&rft.atitle=Makkah+crane+crash+report+submitted&rft.date=2015-09-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.alarabiya.net%2Fen%2FNews%2Fmiddle-east%2F2015%2F09%2F14%2FMakkah-crane-crash-report-submitted-to-King-Salman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arabianbusiness-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-arabianbusiness_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabianbusiness.com/king-salman-make-findings-of-makkah-crane-collapse-probe-public-606166.html">"King Salman to make findings of Makkah crane collapse probe public"</a>. <i>Arabian Business</i>. 14 September 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180818052219/https://www.arabianbusiness.com/king-salman-make-findings-of-makkah-crane-collapse-probe-public-606166.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arabian+Business&rft.atitle=King+Salman+to+make+findings+of+Makkah+crane+collapse+probe+public&rft.date=2015-09-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabianbusiness.com%2Fking-salman-make-findings-of-makkah-crane-collapse-probe-public-606166.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150926041627/http://www.diyanet.gov.tr/en/content/number-of-casualties-of-turkish-haji-candidates-at-the-kaaba-accident-reach-8%E2%80%A6/29131">"Number of casualties of Turkish Haji candidates at the Kaaba accident reach 8…"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Religious_Affairs" title="Presidency of Religious Affairs">Presidency of Religious Affairs</a>. 13 September 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diyanet.gov.tr/en/content/number-of-casualties-of-turkish-haji-candidates-at-the-kaaba-accident-reach-8%E2%80%A6/29131">the original</a> on 26 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yahoo%21+News&rft.atitle=Six+Nigerians+among+victims+of+Saudi+crane+accident%3A+official&rft.date=2015-09-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2Fsix-nigerians-among-victims-saudi-crane-accident-official-212950610.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHalkonWebb2015" class="citation news cs1">Halkon, Ruth; Webb, Sam (13 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/two-brits-dead-three-injured-6436848">"Two Brits dead and three injured in Mecca Grand Mosque crane tragedy that killed 107 people l"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Mirror" title="Daily Mirror">Mirror Online</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150916002621/http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/two-brits-dead-three-injured-6436848">Archived</a> from the original on 16 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Names+of+Former+Imams+1345%E2%80%931435+Ah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saaid.net%2FDoat%2Fgamdi%2F25.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes2009Mecca-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes2009Mecca_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWORTH2009" class="citation news cs1">WORTH, ROBERT F. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+Black+Imam+Breaks+Ground+in+Mecca&rft.date=2009-04-10&rft.aulast=WORTH&rft.aufirst=ROBERT+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F04%2F11%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2F11saudi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMohammed1996" class="citation book cs1">Mohammed, Mamdouh N. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hajjumrahfromtoz00moha"><i>Hajj to Umrah: From A to Z</i></a>. Mamdouh Mohammed. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-915957-54-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-915957-54-X"><bdi>0-915957-54-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hajj+to+Umrah%3A+From+A+to+Z&rft.pub=Mamdouh+Mohammed&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-915957-54-X&rft.aulast=Mohammed&rft.aufirst=Mamdouh+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhajjumrahfromtoz00moha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>General statistics of the Umrah season of 1436 A.H. until 24:00 hours, 28/09/1436 A.H. 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Kister, "Maḳām Ibrāhīm," p.105, <i>The Encyclopaedia of Islam</i> (new ed.), vol. VI (Mahk-Mid), eds. Bosworth et al., Brill: 1991, pp. 104–107.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-H&UP-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-H&UP_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hajjumrahplanner.com/bayt-al-mawlid/">"Bayt al-Mawlid"</a>. <i>Hajj & Umrah Planner</i>. <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Makkah</a>. 6 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Establishing+The+Location+of+the+Bayt+al-Mawlid&rft.pub=Dar+al-Hadith&rft.date=2012-04-07&rft.aulast=Ibrahim&rft.aufirst=Abdul-Wahhab+Abu+Sulaiman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.daralhadith.org.uk%2Festablishing-the-location-of-the-bayt-al-mawlid%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor2011" class="citation news cs1">Taylor, Jerome (24 September 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/mecca-for-the-rich-islams-holiest-site-turning-into-vegas-2360114.html">"Mecca for the Rich: Islam's holiest site turning into Vegas"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170616174556/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/mecca-for-the-rich-islams-holiest-site-turning-into-vegas-2360114.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Mecca+for+the+Rich%3A+Islam%27s+holiest+site+turning+into+Vegas&rft.date=2011-09-24&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Jerome&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Fmecca-for-the-rich-islams-holiest-site-turning-into-vegas-2360114.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbou-Ragheb2005" class="citation web cs1">Abou-Ragheb, Laith (12 July 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamicpluralism.org/467/dr-sami-angawi-on-wahhabi-desecration-of-makkah">"Dr.Sami Angawi on Wahhabi Desecration of Makkah"</a>. Center for Islamic Pluralism. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160722073326/http://www.islamicpluralism.org/467/dr-sami-angawi-on-wahhabi-desecration-of-makkah">Archived</a> from the original on 22 July 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dr.Sami+Angawi+on+Wahhabi+Desecration+of+Makkah&rft.pub=Center+for+Islamic+Pluralism&rft.date=2005-07-12&rft.aulast=Abou-Ragheb&rft.aufirst=Laith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamicpluralism.org%2F467%2Fdr-sami-angawi-on-wahhabi-desecration-of-makkah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.alarabiya.net/in-translation/2020/07/19/Arabs-and-Turkey-Anti-Ottomanism-and-Stockholm-syndrome">"Ottoman Portico Demonstrates Kurşun's Lack of Knowledge of Historical Sources"</a>. <i>Al Arabiya English</i>. 19 July 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210424235103/https://english.alarabiya.net/in-translation/2020/07/19/Arabs-and-Turkey-Anti-Ottomanism-and-Stockholm-syndrome">Archived</a> from the original on 24 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Arabiya+English&rft.atitle=Ottoman+Portico+Demonstrates+Kur%C5%9Fun%27s+Lack+of+Knowledge+of+Historical+Sources&rft.date=2020-07-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenglish.alarabiya.net%2Fin-translation%2F2020%2F07%2F19%2FArabs-and-Turkey-Anti-Ottomanism-and-Stockholm-syndrome&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMasjid+al-Haram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Characters_and_names_in_the_Quran" title="Template:Characters and names in the Quran"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Characters_and_names_in_the_Quran" title="Template talk:Characters and names in the Quran"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Characters_and_names_in_the_Quran" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Characters and names in the Quran"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="People_and_things_in_the_Quran" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">People and things in the <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Characters" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_characters_and_names_mentioned_in_the_Quran" title="List of characters and names mentioned in the Quran">Characters</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Non-humans" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Non-humans</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Islam" title="God in Islam">Allāh</a> ('The <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a>') <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_God_in_Islam" title="Names of God in Islam">Names</a> of <a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a> found in the Quran, such as <i>Karīm</i> (Generous)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Animals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Al-Baqara" title="Al-Baqara">baqara</a></i> (cow) of Israelites</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Joseph_in_Islam#The_plot_against_Joseph" title="Joseph in Islam">dhiʾb</a></i> (wolf) that Jacob feared could attack Joseph</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Al-Fil" title="Al-Fil">fīl</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/War_elephant" title="War elephant">elephant</a>) of the Abyssinians</li> <li><i>Ḥimār</i> (<a href="/wiki/Donkey" title="Donkey">Domesticated donkey</a>)</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Solomon_in_Islam#Reign" title="Solomon in Islam">hud-hud</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Hoopoe" title="Hoopoe">hoopoe</a>) of Solomon</li> <li>The <i>kalb</i> (dog) of the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Sleepers#Islam" title="Seven Sleepers">sleepers of the cave</a></li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Solomon_in_Islam#Reign" title="Solomon in Islam">namlah</a></i> (female ant) of Solomon</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/Jonah#The_fish" title="Jonah">nūn</a></i> (fish or whale) of Jonah</li> <li>The <i><a href="/wiki/She-Camel_of_God" class="mw-redirect" title="She-Camel of God">nāqat</a></i> (she-camel) of Ṣāliḥ</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>ʿAnkabūt</i> (Female <a href="/wiki/Spider" title="Spider">spider</a>)</li> <li><i>Dābbat al-Arḍ</i> (<a href="/wiki/Beast_of_the_Earth" title="Beast of the Earth">Beast of the Earth</a>)</li> <li><i>Ḥimār</i> (<a href="/wiki/Onager" title="Onager">Wild ass</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Honey#Ancient_times" title="Honey">Naḥl</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Honey_bee" title="Honey bee">Honey bee</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qaswarah" class="mw-redirect" title="Qaswarah">Qaswarah</a></i> ('<a href="/wiki/Asiatic_lion" title="Asiatic lion">Lion</a>', 'beast of prey' or 'hunter')</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Islam" title="Angels in Islam">Malāʾikah</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Angel" title="Angel">Angels</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Angels of Hell <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maalik" title="Maalik">Mālik</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zabaniyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Zabaniyya">Zabāniyah</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bearers_of_the_Throne" title="Bearers of the Throne">Bearers of the Throne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harut_and_Marut" title="Harut and Marut">Harut and Marut</a></li> <li><i>Kirāman Kātibīn</i> (Honourable Scribes) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raqib" class="mw-redirect" title="Raqib">Raqib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atid" title="Atid">Atid</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munkar_and_Nakir" title="Munkar and Nakir">Munkar and Nakir</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Muqarrabun" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archangel#Islam" title="Archangel"><i>Muqarrabun</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel#Islam" title="Gabriel">Jibrīl</a> (Gabriel, chief) <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/R%C5%AB%E1%B8%A5" title="Rūḥ">Ar-Rūḥ</a></i> ('The Spirit') <ul><li><i>Ar-Rūḥ al-Amīn</i> ('The Trustworthy Spirit')</li> <li><i>Ar-Rūḥ al-Qudus</i> ('The <a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit" title="Holy Spirit">Holy Spirit</a>')</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Angel of the Trumpet (<a href="/wiki/Israfil" title="Israfil">Isrāfīl</a> or <a href="/wiki/Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Azrael#In_Islam" title="Azrael">Malakul-Mawt</a></i> (Angel of Death, Azrael)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)#Islam" title="Michael (archangel)">Mīkāil</a> (Michael)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Jinn" title="Jinn">Jinn</a></i> (Genies)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Jann_(legendary_creature)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jann (legendary creature)">Jann</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ifrit#Islamic_scripture" title="Ifrit">ʿIfrīt</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Asmodeus" title="Asmodeus">Sakhr</a></i> (Asmodeus)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qareen" title="Qareen">Qarīn</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Shaitan" title="Shaitan">Shayāṭīn</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Demon" title="Demon">Demons</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iblis" title="Iblis">Iblīs</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Satan#Islam" title="Satan">ash-Shayṭān</a></i> (the (chief) <a href="/wiki/Devil" title="Devil">Devil</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marid" title="Marid">Mārid</a></i> ('Rebellious one')</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ghilman" title="Ghilman">Ghilmān</a></i> or <i>Wildān</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Houri" title="Houri">Ḥūr</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Prophets" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam">Prophets</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adam_in_Islam" title="Adam in Islam">Ādam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Adam" title="Adam">Adam</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Yasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Yasa">Al-Yasa</a>ʿ (<a href="/wiki/Elisha" title="Elisha">Elisha</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_in_Islam" title="Job in Islam">Ayyūb</a> (<a href="/wiki/Job_(biblical_figure)" title="Job (biblical figure)">Job</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_in_Islam" title="David in Islam">Dāwūd</a> (<a href="/wiki/David" title="David">David</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhul-Kifl" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhul-Kifl">Dhūl-Kifl</a> (Ezekiel?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_in_Islam" title="Aaron in Islam">Hārūn</a> (Aaron)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hud_(prophet)" title="Hud (prophet)">Hūd</a> (Eber?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idris_(prophet)" title="Idris (prophet)">Idrīs</a> (<a href="/wiki/Enoch" title="Enoch">Enoch</a>?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah#Elijah_in_Islam" title="Elijah">Ilyās</a> (Elijah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim#In_Islam" title="Joachim">ʿImrān</a> (Joachim the father of Maryam)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_in_Islam" title="Isaac in Islam">Isḥāq</a> (<a href="/wiki/Isaac" title="Isaac">Isaac</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishmael_in_Islam" title="Ishmael in Islam">Ismāʿīl</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ishmael" title="Ishmael">Ishmael</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binding_of_Isaac#Muslim_views" title="Binding of Isaac">Dhabih Ullah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot_in_Islam" title="Lot in Islam">Lūṭ</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lot_(biblical_person)" title="Lot (biblical person)">Lot</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salih" title="Salih">Ṣāliḥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuaib" title="Shuaib">Shuʿayb</a> (Jethro, Reuel or <a href="/wiki/Hobab_(biblical_figure)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hobab (biblical figure)">Hobab</a>?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_in_Islam" title="Solomon in Islam">Sulaymān</a> ibn Dāwūd (<a href="/wiki/Solomon" title="Solomon">Solomon</a> son of David)</li> <li>ʿ<a href="/wiki/Uzair" title="Uzair">Uzair</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ezra" title="Ezra">Ezra</a>?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist#Islam" title="John the Baptist">Yaḥyā</a> ibn Zakariyyā (<a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Baptist</a> the son of Zechariah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_in_Islam" title="Jacob in Islam">Yaʿqūb</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jacob" title="Jacob">Jacob</a>) <ul><li>Isrāʾīl (Israel)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonah#Jonah_in_Islam" title="Jonah">Yūnus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jonah" title="Jonah">Jonah</a>) <ul><li><i>Dhūn-Nūn</i> ('He of the <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">Fish</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Whale" title="Whale">Whale</a>)' or 'Owner of the Fish (or Whale)')</li> <li><i>Ṣāḥib al-Ḥūt</i> ('Companion of the Whale')</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_in_Islam" title="Joseph in Islam">Yūsuf</a> ibn Ya‘qūb (<a href="/wiki/Joseph" title="Joseph">Joseph</a> son of Jacob)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(New_Testament_figure)#In_Islam" title="Zechariah (New Testament figure)">Zakariyyā</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(New_Testament_figure)" title="Zechariah (New Testament figure)">Zechariah</a>)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Ulu-l-%E2%80%98Azm" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulu-l-‘Azm">Ulul-ʿAzm</a></i><br />('Those of the<br /> Perseverance<br /> and Strong Will')</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muḥammad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_in_the_Quran" title="Muhammad in the Quran">Aḥmad</a></li> <li>Other <a href="/wiki/Names_and_titles_of_Muhammad" title="Names and titles of Muhammad">names and titles of Muhammad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">ʿĪsā</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a>) <ul><li><i>Al-Masīḥ</i> (The <a href="/wiki/Messiah" title="Messiah">Messiah</a>)</li> <li><i>Ibn Maryam</i> (Son of Mary)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_in_Islam" title="Moses in Islam">Mūsā Kalīmullāh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a> He who spoke to God)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam" title="Abraham in Islam">Ibrāhīm Khalīlullāh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a> Friend of God)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah_in_Islam" title="Noah in Islam">Nūḥ</a> (<a href="/wiki/Noah" title="Noah">Noah</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Debatable ones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhu_al-Qarnayn" title="Dhu al-Qarnayn">Dhūl-Qarnain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luqman" title="Luqman">Luqmān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_in_Islam" title="Mary in Islam">Maryam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talut" title="Talut">Ṭālūt</a> (<a href="/wiki/Saul" title="Saul">Saul</a> or <a href="/wiki/Gideon" title="Gideon">Gideon</a>?)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implied</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah#Islamic_views" title="Jeremiah">Irmiyā</a> (Jeremiah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel#Islam" title="Samuel">Ṣamūʾīl</a> (<a href="/wiki/Samuel" title="Samuel">Samuel</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua#In_Islam" title="Joshua">Yūshaʿ ibn Nūn</a> (Joshua, companion and successor of Moses)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="People_of_Prophets" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">People of Prophets</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Good ones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Adam's immediate relatives <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cain_and_Abel_in_Islam" title="Cain and Abel in Islam">Martyred son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eve#Islamic_view" title="Eve">Wife</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habib_the_Carpenter" title="Habib the Carpenter">Believer of Ya-Sin</a></li> <li>Family of Noah <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lamech_(father_of_Noah)" title="Lamech (father of Noah)">Father Lamech</a></li> <li>Mother Shamkhah bint Anush or Betenos</li></ul></li> <li>Luqman's son</li> <li>People of Abraham <ul><li>Mother Abiona or Amtelai the daughter of Karnebo</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagar_in_Islam" title="Hagar in Islam">Ishmael's mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah#In_Islam" title="Sarah">Isaac's mother</a></li></ul></li> <li>People of Jesus <ul><li>Disciples (including <a href="/wiki/Peter_in_Islam" title="Peter in Islam">Peter</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Anne#In_Islam" title="Saint Anne">Mary's mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_(biblical_figure)#In_Islam" title="Elizabeth (biblical figure)">Zechariah's wife</a></li></ul></li> <li>People of Solomon <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bathsheba#Islam" title="Bathsheba">Mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Sheba#Islamic" title="Queen of Sheba">Queen of Sheba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asif_ibn_Barkhiya" title="Asif ibn Barkhiya">Vizier</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zayd_ibn_Harithah" class="mw-redirect" title="Zayd ibn Harithah">Zayd</a> (Muhammad's adopted son)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People of<br /> Joseph</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Brothers (including <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Benjamin in Islam">Binyāmin</a> (Benjamin) and <a href="/wiki/Simeon_(son_of_Jacob)" title="Simeon (son of Jacob)">Simeon</a>)</li> <li>Egyptians <ul><li><i>ʿAzīz</i> (<a href="/wiki/Potiphar" title="Potiphar">Potiphar</a>, Qatafir or Qittin)</li> <li><i>Malik</i> (King Ar-Rayyān ibn Al-Walīd))</li> <li>Wife of <i>ʿAzīz</i> (<a href="/wiki/Zuleikha_(tradition)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zuleikha (tradition)">Zulaykhah</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel#In_Islam" title="Rachel">Mother</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People of <br />Aaron and Moses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Egyptians <ul><li>Believer (Hizbil or Hizqil ibn Sabura)</li> <li><i>Imraʾat Firʿawn</i> (<a href="/wiki/Asiya" title="Asiya">Āsiyá bint Muzāḥim</a> the <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh%27s_daughter_(Exodus)#In_Muslim_tradition" title="Pharaoh's daughter (Exodus)">Wife of Pharaoh</a>, who adopted Moses)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_in_Islam#Confrontation_with_sorcerers" title="Moses in Islam">Magicians of the Pharaoh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khidr" title="Khidr">Wise, pious man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zipporah" title="Zipporah">Moses' wife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leah" title="Leah">Moses' sister-in-law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jochebed#The_Islamic_view_of_Jochebed" title="Jochebed">Mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miriam#Quranic_account" title="Miriam">Sister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Evil ones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam#Family" title="Abraham in Islam">Āzar</a> (possibly <a href="/wiki/Terah#Islamic_tradition" title="Terah">Terah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharaoh_in_Islam" title="Pharaoh in Islam">Firʿawn</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">Pharaoh</a> of Moses' time)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haman_(Islam)" title="Haman (Islam)">Hāmān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goliath#Islam" title="Goliath">Jālūt</a> (Goliath)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korah#Quranic_reference" title="Korah">Qārūn</a> (Korah, cousin of Moses)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samiri_(Islamic_figure)" class="mw-redirect" title="Samiri (Islamic figure)">As-Sāmirī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ab%C5%AB_Lahab" class="mw-redirect" title="Abū Lahab">Abū Lahab</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Slayers_of_%E1%B9%A2%C4%81li%E1%B8%A5%27s_she-camel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slayers of Ṣāliḥ's she-camel (page does not exist)">Slayers of Ṣāliḥ's she-camel</a> (Qaddar ibn Salif and Musda' ibn Dahr)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implied or<br />not specified</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraha" title="Abraha">Abraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balaam#Balaam_in_the_Quran" title="Balaam">Bal'am/Balaam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar%E1%B9%A3%C4%AB%E1%B9%A3%C4%81" title="Barṣīṣā">Barṣīṣā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caleb#Quranic_account" title="Caleb">Caleb or Kaleb</a> the companion of Joshua</li> <li>Luqman's son</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar_II" title="Nebuchadnezzar II">Nebuchadnezzar II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimrod" title="Nimrod">Nimrod</a></li> <li>Rahmah the wife of Ayyub</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaddad" title="Shaddad">Shaddad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Groups" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Groups</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Aṣḥāb al-Jannah</i> <ul><li>People of Paradise</li> <li>People of the Burnt Garden</li></ul></li> <li><i>Aṣḥāb as-Sabt</i> (Companions of the <a href="/wiki/Sabbath" title="Sabbath">Sabbath</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disciples_of_Jesus_in_Islam" title="Disciples of Jesus in Islam">Jesus' apostles</a> <ul><li><i>Ḥawāriyyūn</i> (<a href="/wiki/Disciples_of_Jesus_in_Islam" title="Disciples of Jesus in Islam">Disciples of Jesus</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_Ark" title="Noah's Ark">Companions of Noah's Ark</a></li> <li><i>Aṣḥāb al-Kahf war-Raqīm</i> (<a href="/wiki/Seven_Sleepers#Islam" title="Seven Sleepers">Companions of the Cave</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sahab,_Jordan#Famous_places_in_Sahab" title="Sahab, Jordan">Al-Raqaim?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Fil" title="Al-Fil">Companions of the Elephant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_towns_in_Saudi_Arabia#Al-Ukhd.C5.ABd_Archeological_Area" title="Ancient towns in Saudi Arabia">People of al-Ukhdūd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_of_Ya-Sin" title="People of Ya-Sin">People of a township in Surah Ya-Sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medina#Pre-Islamic_times" title="Medina">People of Yathrib</a> or <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a></li> <li><i>Qawm Lūṭ</i> (People of Sodom and Gomorrah)</li> <li>Nation of Noah</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Tribes,_ethnicitiesor_families" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tribes,<br /> ethnicities<br />or families</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>‘<a href="/wiki/Ajam" title="Ajam">Ajam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rum_(endonym)" title="Rum (endonym)"><i>Ar-Rūm</i></a> (literally 'The Romans')</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Israelites" title="Israelites">Banī Isrāʾīl</a></i> (Children of Israel)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sodom_and_Gomorrah#Islamic" title="Sodom and Gomorrah">Muʾtafikāt</a></i> (Sodom and Gomorrah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam" title="Abraham in Islam">People of Ibrahim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah#Elijah_in_Islam" title="Elijah">People of Ilyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah_in_Islam" title="Noah in Islam">People of Nuh</a></li> <li>People of Shuaib <ul><li><i>Ahl Madyan</i> <a href="/wiki/Midian#In_the_Qur'an" title="Midian">People of Madyan</a>)</li> <li><i>Aṣḥāb al-Aykah</i> ('Companions of the Wood')</li></ul></li> <li><i>Qawm <a href="/wiki/Jonah#Jonah_in_Islam" title="Jonah">Yūnus</a></i> (People of Jonah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gog_and_Magog#Qur'an" title="Gog and Magog">Ya'juj and Ma'juj/Gog and Magog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copts" title="Copts">People of Fir'aun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_world" title="Muslim world">Current Ummah of Islam (Ummah of Muhammad)</a> <ul><li><i>Aṣḥāb Muḥammad</i> (<a href="/wiki/Companions_of_the_Prophet" title="Companions of the Prophet">Companions of Muhammad</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ansar_(Islam)" title="Ansar (Islam)">Anṣār</a> (literally 'Helpers')</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhajirun" title="Muhajirun">Muhajirun</a> (Emigrants from Mecca to Medina)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>People of <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Jamil" title="Umm Jamil">Wife of Abu Lahab</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_in_Islam" title="Job in Islam">Children of Ayyub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cain_and_Abel_in_Islam" title="Cain and Abel in Islam">Sons of Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wives_aboard_Noah%27s_Ark" title="Wives aboard Noah's Ark">Wife of Nuh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot%27s_wife" title="Lot's wife">Wife of Lut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gog_and_Magog#Qur'an" title="Gog and Magog"><i>Yaʾjūj wa Maʾjūj</i></a> (Gog and Magog)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Noah#Extrabiblical_sons_of_Noah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sons of Noah">Son of Nuh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Arabs" title="Arabs">Aʿrāb</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Tribes_of_Arabia" title="Tribes of Arabia">Arabs</a><br /> or <a href="/wiki/Bedouin" title="Bedouin">Bedouins</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BF%C4%80d" title="ʿĀd">ʿĀd</a> (people of Hud)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Companions_of_the_Rass" title="Companions of the Rass">Companions of the Rass</a></li> <li><i>Qawm Tubbaʿ</i> (People of <a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Saba_and_Himyar" title="List of rulers of Saba and Himyar">Tubba</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sabaeans" title="Sabaeans">People of Sabaʾ or Sheba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quraysh" title="Quraysh">Quraysh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thamud" title="Thamud">Thamūd</a> (people of Ṣāliḥ) <ul><li><i>Aṣḥāb al-Ḥijr</i> ('Companions of the <a href="/wiki/Mada%27in_Saleh" class="mw-redirect" title="Mada'in Saleh">Stoneland</a>')</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Ahl al-Bayt</i><br /> ('People of the<br /> Household')</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Household of Abraham <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacob#Children_of_Jacob" title="Jacob">Brothers of Yūsuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot%27s_daughters" title="Lot's daughters">Lot's daughters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim#In_Islam" title="Joachim">Progeny of Imran</a></li></ul></li> <li>Household of Moses</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahl_al-Bayt" title="Ahl al-Bayt">Household of Muhammad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Hashim" title="Banu Hashim">ibn Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genealogy_of_Khadijah%27s_daughters" class="mw-redirect" title="Genealogy of Khadijah's daughters">Daughters of Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad%27s_wives" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad's wives">Muhammad's wives</a></li></ul></li> <li>Household of Salih</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implicitly<br />mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amalek" title="Amalek">Amalek</a></li> <li><i>Ahl as-Suffa</i> (People of the Verandah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Nadir" title="Banu Nadir">Banu Nadir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Qaynuqa" title="Banu Qaynuqa">Banu Qaynuqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Qurayza" title="Banu Qurayza">Banu Qurayza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_peoples" title="Iranian peoples">Iranian people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad Dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Aws" title="Banu Aws">Aus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Banu_Khazraj" title="Banu Khazraj">Khazraj</a></li> <li>People of <a href="/wiki/Quba_Mosque" title="Quba Mosque">Quba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious<br /> groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dhimmi" title="Dhimmi">Ahl al-Dhimmah</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kafir" title="Kafir">Kāfirūn</a></i> <ul><li>disbelievers</li></ul></li> <li><i>Majūs</i> <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrians</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Munafiq" title="Munafiq">Munāfiqūn</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Hypocrisy" title="Hypocrisy">Hypocrites</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a> <ul><li>Believers</li></ul></li> <li><i>Ahl al-Kitāb</i> (<a href="/wiki/People_of_the_Book" title="People of the Book">People of the Book</a>) <ul><li><i>Naṣārā</i> (<a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christian</a>(s) or People of the Injil) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">Ruhban (Christian monks)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priest#Christianity" title="Priest">Qissis (Christian priest)</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Yahūd</i> (<a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hakham" title="Hakham">Ahbār (Jewish scholars)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabbi" title="Rabbi">Rabbani/Rabbi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabians#Islamic_reference" title="Sabians">Sabians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">Polytheists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_pre-Islamic_Arabia#Mecca" title="Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia">Meccan polytheists</a> at the time of Muhammad</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Mesopotamian_religion" title="Ancient Mesopotamian religion">Mesopotamian polytheists</a> at the time of Abraham and Lot</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Locations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Locations</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Holy_Land" title="Holy Land">Al-Arḍ Al-Muqaddasah</a></i> ('The Holy Land') <ul><li>'Blessed' Land'</li></ul></li> <li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Jannah" title="Jannah">Jannah</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Paradise" title="Paradise">Paradise</a>, literally 'The Garden')</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jahannam" title="Jahannam">Jahannam</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Hell" title="Hell">Hell</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bab_Huta" class="mw-redirect" title="Bab Huta">Door of Hittah</a></li> <li><i>Madyan</i> (<a href="/wiki/Midian" title="Midian">Midian</a>)</li> <li><i>Majmaʿ al-Baḥrayn</i></li> <li><i>Miṣr</i> (Mainland <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>)</li> <li>Salsabīl (A river in Paradise)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In the<br /> <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a> <br />(excluding Madyan)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hud_(prophet)#Historical_context" title="Hud (prophet)">Al-Aḥqāf</a></i> ('The Sandy Plains,' or 'the Wind-curved Sand-hills') <ul><li><i>Iram dhāt al-ʿImād</i> (<a href="/wiki/Iram_of_the_Pillars" title="Iram of the Pillars">Iram of the Pillars</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madīnah</a></i> (formerly <a href="/wiki/Medina#Pre-Islamic_times" title="Medina">Yathrib</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Arafat" title="Mount Arafat">ʿArafāt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muzdalifah#The_Sacred_Monument" title="Muzdalifah">Al-Mashʿar Al-Ḥarām</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hegra_(Mada%27in_Salih)" title="Hegra (Mada'in Salih)">Al-Ḥijr</a></i> (Hegra)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badr,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Badr, Saudi Arabia">Badr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunayn,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Hunayn, Saudi Arabia">Ḥunayn</a></li> <li><i>Makkah</i> (<a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakkah" title="Bakkah">Bakkah</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Haram_(site)" title="Haram (site)">Ḥaraman</a> Āminan</i> ('Sanctuary (which is) Secure')</li> <li><i>Kaʿbah</i> (<a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maqam_Ibrahim" title="Maqam Ibrahim">Maqām Ibrāhīm</a></i> (Station of Abraham)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safa_and_Marwa" title="Safa and Marwa">Safa and Marwa</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sabaeans" title="Sabaeans">Sabaʾ</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Sheba" title="Sheba">Sheba</a>) <ul><li><i>ʿArim Sabaʾ</i> (<a href="/wiki/Marib_Dam" title="Marib Dam">Dam of Sheba</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ar_Rass" title="Ar Rass">Rass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sinai_Peninsula_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinai Peninsula in Islam">Sinai Region</a><br /> or Tīh Desert</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Wadi" title="Wadi">Wād</a> Al-Muqaddas Ṭuwan</i> (The Holy <a href="/wiki/Valley_of_Tuwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Valley of Tuwa">Valley of Tuwa</a>) <ul><li><i>Al-Wādil-Ayman</i> (The valley on the 'righthand' side of the Valley of Tuwa and <a href="/wiki/Biblical_Mount_Sinai" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblical Mount Sinai">Mount Sinai</a>) <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Al-Buq%E2%80%98ah_Al-Mub%C4%81rakah" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Buq‘ah Al-Mubārakah">Al-Buqʿah Al-Mubārakah</a></i> ('The Blessed Place')</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Sinai" title="Mount Sinai">Mount Sinai</a> or <a href="/wiki/Mount_Tabor" title="Mount Tabor">Mount Tabor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Judi" title="Mount Judi">Al-Jūdiyy</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Al-Munzal_Al-Mub%C4%81rak" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Munzal Al-Mubārak">Munzalanm-Mubārakan</a></i> ('Place-of-Landing Blessed')</li></ul></li> <li><i>Bābil</i> (<a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylon</a>)</li> <li><i>Qaryat Yūnus</i> ('Township of <a href="/wiki/Jonah_in_Islam" title="Jonah in Islam">Jonah</a>,' that is <a href="/wiki/Nineveh" title="Nineveh">Nineveh</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious<br /> locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Christian_Church" title="Christian Church">Bayʿa</a></i> (Church)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mihrab" title="Mihrab">Miḥrāb</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastery" title="Monastery">Monastery</a></li> <li><i>Masjid</i> (<a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">Mosque</a>, literally 'Place of <a href="/wiki/Sujud" title="Sujud">Prostration</a>') <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Al-Mash%27ar_Al-Haram" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram">Al-Mashʿar Al-Ḥarām</a></i> ('The Sacred Grove')</li> <li><i>Al-Masjid Al-Aqṣā</i> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Aqsa" title="Al-Aqsa">Al-Aqsa</a>, literally 'The Farthest Place-of-Prostration')</li> <li><i>Al-Masjid Al-Ḥarām</i> (The <a href="/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Mecca" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Mosque of Mecca">Sacred Mosque</a> of Mecca)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demolition_of_Masjid_al-Dirar" title="Demolition of Masjid al-Dirar">Masjid al-Dirar</a></li> <li>A Mosque in the area of Medina, possibly: <ul><li><i>Masjid Qubāʾ</i> (<a href="/wiki/Quba_Mosque" title="Quba Mosque">Quba Mosque</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Masjid_an-Nabawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Masjid an-Nabawi">The Prophet's Mosque</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synagogue" title="Synagogue">Salat (Synagogue)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implied</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antioch" title="Antioch">Antioch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antakya" title="Antakya">Antakya</a></li></ul></li> <li>Arabia <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Ḥijāz</a></i> (literally 'The Barrier') <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Stone" title="Black Stone"><i>Al-Ḥajar al-Aswad</i></a> (Black Stone) & <i><a href="/wiki/Al-Hijr_of_Ishmael" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Hijr of Ishmael">Al-Hijr of Isma'il</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Hira" class="mw-redirect" title="Cave of Hira">Cave of Hira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabal_Thawr#Cave" title="Jabal Thawr"><i>Ghār ath-Thawr</i></a> (Cave of the Bull)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Hudaybiyyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Hudaybiyyah">Hudaybiyyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%27if" class="mw-redirect" title="Ta'if">Ta'if</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayla_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayla (city)">Ayla</a></li> <li>Barrier of Dhul-Qarnayn</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayt_al-Muqaddas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayt al-Muqaddas">Bayt al-Muqaddas</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jericho" title="Jericho">'Ariha</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia_in_the_Quran" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesopotamia in the Quran">Bilād ar-Rāfidayn</a></i> (Mesopotamia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canaan" title="Canaan">Canaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Sleepers#Location_of_the_cave_and_duration_of_stay" title="Seven Sleepers">Cave of Seven Sleepers</a></li> <li><i>Dār an-Nadwa</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_River" title="Jordan River">Jordan River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nile" title="Nile">Nile</a> River</li> <li>Palestine River</li> <li>Paradise of <a href="/wiki/Shaddad" title="Shaddad">Shaddad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Events,_incidents,_occasions_or_times" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Events, incidents, occasions or times</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Incident of Ifk</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Night_of_Power" title="Night of Power">Laylat al-Qadr</a></i> (Night of Decree)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Event_of_Mubahala" class="mw-redirect" title="Event of Mubahala">Event of Mubahala</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sayl_al-%27Arim" class="mw-redirect" title="Sayl al-'Arim">Sayl al-ʿArim</a></i> (Flood of the Great Dam of <a href="/wiki/Ma%27rib" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma'rib">Ma'rib</a> in Sheba)</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Farewell_Pilgrimage" title="Farewell Pilgrimage">Farewell Pilgrimage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Hudaybiyyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Hudaybiyyah">Treaty of Hudaybiyyah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Battles or<br />military expeditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Trench" title="Battle of the Trench">Battle of <i>al-Aḥzāb</i></a> ('the Confederates')</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Badr" title="Battle of Badr">Battle of Badr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hunayn" title="Battle of Hunayn">Battle of Hunayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khaybar" title="Battle of Khaybar">Battle of Khaybar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Uhud" title="Battle of Uhud">Battle of Uhud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_of_Tabuk" title="Expedition of Tabuk">Expedition of Tabuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Mecca" title="Conquest of Mecca">Conquest of Mecca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Days</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Jumu%27ah" class="mw-redirect" title="Jumu'ah">Jumuʿah</a></i> (The Friday)</li> <li><i>As-<a href="/wiki/Sabbath#Islam" title="Sabbath">Sabt</a></i> (The Sabbath or Saturday)</li> <li>Days of battles</li> <li>Days of Hajj</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Judgment" title="Last Judgment">Doomsday</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Months of the<br /><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>12 months: Four holy months <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhu_al-Hijjah" title="Dhu al-Hijjah">Ash-Shahr Al-Ḥarām</a> (The Sacred or Forbidden Month)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramaḍān</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pilgrimages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Ḥajj</a></i> (literally 'The Pilgrimage', the Greater Pilgrimage)</li> <li><i>Al-ʿ<a href="/wiki/Umrah" title="Umrah">Umrah</a></i> (The Lesser Pilgrimage)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Times for prayer<br />or remembrance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Times for <i><a href="/wiki/Dua" title="Dua">Duʿāʾ</a></i> ('<a href="/wiki/Invocation" title="Invocation">Invocation</a>'), <i><a href="/wiki/Salah" title="Salah">Ṣalāh</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Dhikr" title="Dhikr">Dhikr</a></i> ('Remembrance', including <i><a href="/wiki/Alhamdulillah" title="Alhamdulillah">Taḥmīd</a></i> ('Praising'), <i><a href="/wiki/Takbir" title="Takbir">Takbīr</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Tasbih" title="Tasbih">Tasbīḥ</a></i>): <ul><li><i>Al-ʿAshiyy</i> (The Afternoon or the Night)</li> <li><i>Al-Ghuduww</i> ('The Mornings') <ul><li><i>Al-Bukrah</i> ('The Morning')</li> <li><i>Aṣ-Ṣabāḥ</i> ('The Morning')</li></ul></li> <li><i>Al-Layl</i> ('The Night') <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Isha_prayer" title="Isha prayer">ʿIshāʾ</a></i> ('The Late-Night')</li></ul></li> <li><i>Aẓ-<a href="/wiki/Zuhr_prayer" title="Zuhr prayer">Ẓuhr</a></i> ('The Noon')</li> <li><i>Dulūk ash-Shams</i> ('Decline of the Sun') <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Maghrib_prayer" title="Maghrib prayer">Masāʾ</a></i> ('The Evening')</li> <li><i>Qabl al-<a href="/wiki/Maghrib_prayer" title="Maghrib prayer">Ghurūb</a></i> ('Before the Setting (of the Sun)') <ul><li><i>Al-Aṣīl</i> ('The Afternoon')</li> <li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Asr_prayer" title="Asr prayer">ʿAṣr</a></i> ('The Afternoon')</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><i>Qabl ṭulūʿ ash-Shams</i> ('Before the rising of the Sun') <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Fajr_prayer" title="Fajr prayer">Fajr</a></i> ('The Dawn')</li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implied</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadir_Khumm" title="Ghadir Khumm">Ghadir Khumm</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Laylat_al-Mabit" class="mw-redirect" title="Laylat al-Mabit">Laylat al-Mabit</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Pilgrimage" title="First Pilgrimage">First Pilgrimage</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_holy_books" title="Islamic holy books">Holy books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Gospel_in_Islam" title="Gospel in Islam">Injīl</a></i> (The <a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospel</a> of Jesus)</li> <li><i>Al-<a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Qurʾān</a></i> (The Book of Muhammad)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scrolls_of_Abraham" title="Scrolls of Abraham">Ṣuḥuf-i Ibrāhīm</a></i> (Scroll(s) of Abraham)</li> <li><i>At-<a href="/wiki/Torah_in_Islam" title="Torah in Islam">Tawrāt</a></i> (The <a href="/wiki/Torah" title="Torah">Torah</a>) <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Scrolls_of_Moses" title="Scrolls of Moses">Ṣuḥuf-i-Mūsā</a></i> (Scroll(s) of Moses)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tablets_of_Stone" title="Tablets of Stone">Tablets of Stone</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Az-<a href="/wiki/Zabur" title="Zabur">Zabūr</a></i> (The <a href="/wiki/Psalms" title="Psalms">Psalms</a> of David)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heavenly_Quran" title="Heavenly Quran">Umm al-Kitāb</a></i> ('Mother of the Book(s)')</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Objects <br />of people<br />or beings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disciples_of_Jesus_in_Islam" title="Disciples of Jesus in Islam">Heavenly food of Jesus' apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_Ark" title="Noah's Ark">Noah's Ark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staff_of_Moses" title="Staff of Moses">Staff of Musa</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ark_of_the_Covenant#Quran" title="Ark of the Covenant">Tābūt as-Sakīnah</a></i> (Casket of Shekhinah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Sheba#Qur'anic_account" title="Queen of Sheba">Throne of Bilqis</a></li> <li>Trumpet of Israfil</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Mentioned_idols(cult_images)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mentioned idols<br />(cult images)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>'Ansāb</li> <li><i>Jibt</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Taghut" title="Taghut">Ṭāghūt</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/False_god" title="False god">False god</a>)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Of Israelites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baal#In_Islam" title="Baal">Baʿal</a></li> <li>The <i>ʿijl</i> (<a href="/wiki/Golden_calf" title="Golden calf">golden calf</a> statue) of Israelites</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Of Noah's people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasr_(deity)" title="Nasr (deity)">Nasr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suwa%27" title="Suwa'">Suwāʿ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadd" title="Wadd">Wadd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yagh%C5%ABth" title="Yaghūth">Yaghūth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%27uq" title="Ya'uq">Yaʿūq</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Of Quraysh</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Lat" title="Al-Lat">Al-Lāt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Uzza" title="Al-Uzza">Al-ʿUzzā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manat_(goddess)" title="Manat (goddess)">Manāt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Celestial<br /> bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><i>Maṣābīḥ</i> (literally 'lamps'): <ul><li><i>Al-Qamar</i> (The Moon)</li> <li><i>Kawākib</i> (Planets) <ul><li><i>Al-Arḍ</i> (The Earth)</li></ul></li> <li><i>Nujūm</i> (Stars) <ul><li><i>Ash-Shams</i> (The Sun)</li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plant matter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><i>Baṣal</i> (Onion)</li> <li><i>Fūm</i> (Garlic or wheat)</li> <li><i>Shaṭʾ</i> (Shoot)</li> <li><i>Sūq</i> (Plant stem)</li> <li><i>Zarʿ</i> (Seed)</li> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fruits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>ʿAdas</i> (<a href="/wiki/Lentil" title="Lentil">Lentil</a>)</li> <li><i>Baql</i> (Herb)</li> <li><i>Qith-thāʾ</i> (<a href="/wiki/Cucumber" title="Cucumber">Cucumber</a>)</li> <li><i>Rummān</i> (<a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">Pomegranate</a>)</li> <li><i>Tīn</i> (<a href="/wiki/Fig" title="Fig">Fig</a>)</li> <li><i>Zaytūn</i> (<a href="/wiki/Olive" title="Olive">Olive</a>)</li> <li>In Paradise <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forbidden_fruit#Islamic_tradition" title="Forbidden fruit">Forbidden fruit of Adam</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bushes, trees<br />or plants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Plants of Sheba <ul><li><i>Athl</i> (<a href="/wiki/Tamarix" title="Tamarix">Tamarisk</a>)</li> <li><i>Sidr</i> (<a href="/wiki/Celtis_australis" title="Celtis australis">Lote-tree</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><i>Līnah</i> (Tender <a href="/wiki/Arecaceae" title="Arecaceae">Palm tree</a>)</li> <li><i>Nakhl</i> (<a href="/wiki/Date_palm" title="Date palm">Date palm</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidrat_al-Muntaha" title="Sidrat al-Muntaha">Sidrat al-Muntahā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaqqum" title="Zaqqum">Zaqqūm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Liquids</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Māʾ</i> (Water or fluid) <ul><li><i>Nahr</i> (River)</li> <li><i>Yamm</i> (River or sea)</li></ul></li> <li><i>Sharāb</i> (Drink)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Note:</b> Names are sorted alphabetically. Standard form: Islamic name / Biblical name (title or relationship)</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="15px_Mosques_in_Saudi_Arabia_15px" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mosques_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Template:Mosques in Saudi Arabia"><abbr title="View 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Al-Hijaz</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Medina_Province_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Medina Province (Saudi Arabia)"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Al-Madinah</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Medina" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_Medina" title="List of mosques in Medina"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Medina</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Al-Fadeekh" title="Mosque of Al-Fadeekh">Al-Fadeekh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Fuqair_Mosque" title="Al-Fuqair Mosque">Al-Fuqair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Al-Ghamama" title="Mosque of Al-Ghamama">Al-Ghamama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Jum%27ah_Mosque" title="Al Jum'ah Mosque">Al Jum'ah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Qiblatayn" title="Masjid al-Qiblatayn">al-Qiblatayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Rayah_Mosque" title="Al-Rayah Mosque">Al-Rayah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Al-Saqiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Mosque of Al-Saqiya">Al-Saqiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anbariya_Mosque" title="Anbariya Mosque">Anbariya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophet%27s_Mosque" title="Prophet's Mosque">an-Nabawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miqat_Dhu_al-Hulayfah" title="Miqat Dhu al-Hulayfah">ash-Shajarah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Sabaq_Mosque" title="As-Sabaq Mosque">As-Sabaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Sajadah_Mosque" title="As-Sajadah Mosque">As-Sajadah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Atban_Bin_Malik" title="Mosque of Atban Bin Malik">Atban Bin Malik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bani_Bayadhah_Mosque" title="Bani Bayadhah Mosque">Bani Bayadhah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_Bani_Haram" title="Mosque of Bani Haram">Bani Haram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bani_Harithah_Mosque" title="Bani Harithah Mosque">Bani Harithah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fas%27h_Mosque" title="Fas'h Mosque">Fas'h</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manartain_Mosque" title="Manartain Mosque">Manartain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quba_Mosque" title="Quba Mosque">Quba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayyid_Ash-Shuhada_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Sayyid Ash-Shuhada Mosque">Sayyid Ash-Shuhada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Seven_Mosques" title="The Seven Mosques">Seven</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mecca_Province" title="Mecca Province"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Makkah</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jeddah" title="Jeddah"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Jeddah</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Al-Mimar</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Rahmah_Mosque" title="Al-Rahmah Mosque">Al-Rahmah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Saud_Mosque" title="King Saud Mosque">King Saud</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Mecca</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_Al-Taneem" title="Masjid Al-Taneem">Aisha</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">al-Haram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Ijabah_Mosque" title="Al-Ijabah Mosque">Al-Ijabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_Al-Khayf" class="mw-redirect" title="Masjid Al-Khayf">Al-Khayf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Mash%27ar_Al-Haram" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram">Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Namirah" title="Masjid al-Namirah">al-Namirah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay%27ah_Mosque" title="Bay'ah Mosque">Bay'ah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosque_of_the_Jinn" title="Mosque of the Jinn">Jinn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Taif" title="Taif"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Taif</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Qantara_Mosque" title="Al Qantara Mosque">Al Qantara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Ibn_Abbas_Mosque,_Ta%27if" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdullah Ibn Abbas Mosque, Ta'if">ʿAbdullah ibn ʿAbbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Addas_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Addas Mosque">ʿAddas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Al-Yamama" title="Al-Yamama"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Al-Yamamah</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Najd" title="Najd"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Najd</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ar-Riyadh" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Riyadh_Province" title="Riyadh Province"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Ar-Riyadh</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Riyadh" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Riyadh_Governorate" title="Riyadh Governorate"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Riyadh</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imam_Turki_bin_Abdullah_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Imam Turki bin Abdullah Mosque">Imam Turki bin Abdullah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Province,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Ash-Sharqiyyah</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Al-Ahsaʾ" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Al-Ahsa_Governorate" title="Al-Ahsa Governorate"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Al-Ahsaʾ</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Al-Hasaʾ" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Al-Ahsa_Oasis" title="Al-Ahsa Oasis"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Al-Hasaʾ</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jawatha_Mosque" title="Jawatha Mosque">Jawatha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#99CC99;color:white;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mosques_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Category:Mosques in Saudi Arabia"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Category</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of mosques in Saudi Arabia"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">List</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Islam in Saudi Arabia"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Islam in Saudi Arabia</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mosques_by_country" title="Category:Mosques by country"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Mosques by country</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hajj" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#ddffdd;;background:#bbffbb;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hajj_topics" title="Template:Hajj topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hajj_topics" title="Template talk:Hajj topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hajj_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hajj topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hajj" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#ddffdd;"><div>Every year, from the eighth to the twelfth day of <a href="/wiki/Dhu_al-Hijjah" title="Dhu al-Hijjah">Dhu al-Hijjah</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ddffdd;;width:1%">Preparation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ihram" title="Ihram">Ihram</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Miqat" title="Miqat">Miqat</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rabigh" title="Rabigh">Al-Juhfah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miqat_Dhu_al-Hulayfah" title="Miqat Dhu al-Hulayfah">Dhu'l-Hulayfah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_Al-Taneem" title="Masjid Al-Taneem">Masjid 'A'ishah</a>, <a href="/wiki/At-Tan%CA%BDim" title="At-Tanʽim">At-Tan'im</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miqat_Qarn_al-Manazil" class="mw-redirect" title="Miqat Qarn al-Manazil">Qarnul-Manazil</a>, <a href="/wiki/As_Sayl_al_Kabir" title="As Sayl al Kabir">As-Sayl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yalamlam" class="mw-redirect" title="Yalamlam">Yalamlam</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Mecque_pelerinage.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Diagram indicating the order of Hajj rituals"><img alt="Diagram indicating the order of Hajj rituals" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/La_Mecque_pelerinage.png/160px-La_Mecque_pelerinage.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/La_Mecque_pelerinage.png/240px-La_Mecque_pelerinage.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/La_Mecque_pelerinage.png/320px-La_Mecque_pelerinage.png 2x" data-file-width="1104" data-file-height="792" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ddffdd;;width:1%">Sequence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tawaf" class="mw-redirect" title="Tawaf">Tawaf</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamzam_Well" title="Zamzam Well">Zamzam Well</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safa_and_Marwa" title="Safa and Marwa">Safa and Marwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mina,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Mina, Saudi Arabia">Mina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Arafat" title="Mount Arafat">Mount Arafat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzdalifah" title="Muzdalifah">Muzdalifah</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stoning_of_the_Devil" title="Stoning of the Devil">Rami al-Jamarat</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Adha" title="Eid al-Adha">Eid al-Adha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tawaf" class="mw-redirect" title="Tawaf">Tawaf al-Ifadah</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tawaf" class="mw-redirect" title="Tawaf">Tawaf al-Wida</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ddffdd;;width:1%">Mosques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Great Mosque of Mecca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Masjid_an-Nabawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Masjid an-Nabawi">Prophet's Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miqat_Dhu_al-Hulayfah" title="Miqat Dhu al-Hulayfah">Miqat Dhu al-Hulayfah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabigh" title="Rabigh">Rabigh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#ddffdd;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mahmal" title="Mahmal">Mahmal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_to_Makkah" title="Road to Makkah">Road to Makkah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#ddffdd;"><div><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hajj" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Hajj">History</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Holiest_sites_in_Shia_Islam" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#BFF9C8;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Holiest_sites_in_Shia_Islam" title="Template:Holiest sites in Shia Islam"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Holiest_sites_in_Shia_Islam" title="Template talk:Holiest sites in Shia Islam"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Holiest_sites_in_Shia_Islam" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Holiest sites in Shia Islam"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Holiest_sites_in_Shia_Islam" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Holiest_sites_in_Shia_Islam" title="Holiest sites in Shia Islam">Holiest sites in Shia Islam</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BFF9C8;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Masjid_an-Nabawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Masjid an-Nabawi">al-Masjid al-Nabawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Baqi_Cemetery" title="Al-Baqi Cemetery">al-Baqi' Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Uhud" title="Mount Uhud">Mount Uhud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quba_Mosque" title="Quba Mosque">Quba Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Qiblatayn" title="Masjid al-Qiblatayn">Masjid al-Qiblatayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Seven_Mosques" title="The Seven Mosques">The Seven Mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Mecca" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Mosque of Mecca">Great Mosque of Mecca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safa_and_Marwa" title="Safa and Marwa">Safa and Marwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabal_al-Nour" title="Jabal al-Nour">Jabal al-Nour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mina,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Mina, Saudi Arabia">Mina, Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Arafat" title="Mount Arafat">Mount Arafat</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kaaba_in_macca.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Kaaba_in_macca.jpg/150px-Kaaba_in_macca.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Kaaba_in_macca.jpg/225px-Kaaba_in_macca.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Kaaba_in_macca.jpg/300px-Kaaba_in_macca.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MasjidNabawi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/MasjidNabawi.jpg/150px-MasjidNabawi.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/MasjidNabawi.jpg/225px-MasjidNabawi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/MasjidNabawi.jpg/300px-MasjidNabawi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BFF9C8;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imam_Ali_Shrine" title="Imam Ali Shrine">Imam Ali Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Sahlah_Mosque" title="Al-Sahlah Mosque">Al-Sahlah Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hannanah_Mosque" title="Al-Hannanah Mosque">Al-Hannanah Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadi-us-Salaam" title="Wadi-us-Salaam">Wadi-us-Salaam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imam_Husayn_Shrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Imam Husayn Shrine">Imam Husayn Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Abbas_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Abbas Mosque">Al Abbas Mosque</a></li> <li><a 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Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shah_Cheragh" title="Shah Cheragh">Shah Cheragh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shah_Abdol-Azim_Shrine" title="Shah Abdol-Azim Shrine">Shah Abdol-Azim Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibi_Shahr_Banu_Shrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibi Shahr Banu Shrine">Bibi Shahr Banu Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imamzadeh_Seyed_Morteza" title="Imamzadeh Seyed Morteza">Imamzadeh Seyed Morteza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imamzadeh_Hamzeh,_Kashmar" title="Imamzadeh Hamzeh, Kashmar">Imamzadeh Hamzeh, Kashmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Ali_ibn_Hamzah,_Shiraz" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomb of Ali ibn Hamzah, Shiraz">Tomb of Ali ibn Hamzah, Shiraz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Hassan_Modarres" title="Tomb of Hassan Modarres">Tomb of Hassan Modarres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Seyed_Alaeddin_Husayn" title="Tomb of Seyed Alaeddin Husayn">Tomb of Seyed Alaeddin Husayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imamzade_Hossein,_Qazvin" class="mw-redirect" title="Imamzade Hossein, Qazvin">Imamzade Hossein, Qazvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imamzadeh_Ja%27far,_Borujerd" title="Imamzadeh Ja'far, Borujerd">Imamzadeh Ja'far, Borujerd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BFF9C8;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sayyidah_Zainab_Mosque,_Damascus" class="mw-redirect" title="Sayyidah Zainab Mosque, Damascus">Sayyidah Zaynab Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayyidah_Ruqayya_Mosque" title="Sayyidah Ruqayya Mosque">Sayyidah Ruqayya Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Nuqtah_Mosque" title="Al-Nuqtah Mosque">Al-Nuqtah Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uwais_al-Qarni_Mosque" title="Uwais al-Qarni Mosque">Uwais al-Qarni Mosque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" 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href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000086614257">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/125502498">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/560924/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4408212-5">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81112589">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Masjid al-Haram"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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