CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91360b95ec13ff7e',cH: 'm.RTAKl3TSaz3IOTY4BnUgSNkN4uyHz4kAJxN_eU2zY-1739798116-1.2.1.1-UfkcwXNboCKYK9W4Qjnw_Ou1vUwRNwGON.qGOhy.pv71r7qlvaj5o1SoISPKvAy_',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Nicholas%20Blagden&__cf_chl_tk=YXyIkJrJY_cVgEen_NvyBTxrkJ4YTp.SxQJ8cX5uFiI-1739798116-1.0.1.1-7s1H0e8jT9VYe_RR4jC_BLrmGkJcMOV4uSGW_P0k02Q",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739798116',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Nicholas%20Blagden&__cf_chl_f_tk=YXyIkJrJY_cVgEen_NvyBTxrkJ4YTp.SxQJ8cX5uFiI-1739798116-1.0.1.1-7s1H0e8jT9VYe_RR4jC_BLrmGkJcMOV4uSGW_P0k02Q",md: "gOOsAcOt_2PfT1PXIgd78IqCd4ij87in7.E2G7Y0n7A-1739798116-1.2.1.1-oSpZKZSUNOifs_KtYFpZu4fljkh3ZF5L_YIFZi4r3v7I4vedgKEkLQvr0QdHIk8nUZ6HO23.o9B7YF6AwN0vJlPdRitt99BH4dOOs5eARM3Cc0L0pYPgQWDEoQoscegAzTOwhg.W1ddFVgo828fEm_DRGMnCsDqxQqbroV9fK9e2G1ApMyxnloeD2.XaVSIR3HvK0d9HGaSbMn0ETjJHhPh18spkG5ibbgLWQisCBko6g1awd9UR1zIDGwtsR0kC4pJn5k__Pq.fa2ZiX9AZdmoRk53qNDIDqk5EssZnOabISVqhSrKn0if664VYMqtfUl79w2xm4U_wjPBeLibvhkCLQJpsVzqJvVAcEpHzylUh1uHrR._k06KhGo.zTEJKzZQuulNY1XUTiwtKfB9cdIOD.4p8ebw93O8pvg1D5hQwZCnd6r6QsfhDrBqr_Qzk6mWC2lO2h5Q4uj3zL_PSIcHTj9gX7u2PyFDEWfNV7A7MrGpeflOkfNwm5vFugXYK5Msv43DNIKSD1JaqSsS.vMDmG5D8KgUd0ovBj97UYM_LlWru6rnv3JsVcwPZSfCEl_xkmwPWYycoqC7uNCWxEM1roi1R_ZWYQxbLuRdG9HyO13Ryk9SMQd9aNvL.i_WrnV8Jh6hfUquhoKl4jqco1V5CySfaZqWuao4wpu233fSQU2PUAbcL6VawdoXJQCKdUoGm.hHWx_atfucLamwxSmub8sw.80_ga.NMATciNS00ccsSpuMmzuOet.C0zPmt3toiHFKdY2XY4wVeuQoBnX4_G3f9T0kmZRF2Yc7MZ3HJeC.wFu_J5Bu.NNUIJDWpfY3Qb4q2hv0eWqQ1bml9f1OL_9Cj2u2KIr.w_JGM_0Z2SsXnZIqmOxROWRspEmrNJzdaDDpVsLrNtRQBfPEY6.HE6yHBkjb_pZdjW3VkXtzfmERsHR3.hY3vqxPSy5LSaH7vvfPLn_go7m6wOEIXHjWyMWrTFwe1FbAqRUSYMq.TC1rPTtziMJlwhVGYbAvyriNAYfqMwnVUIyq6v0T1SjGLZaxuI0pvpmjbV1_w98cKdcqQBpi5.kq.W_PwCp1bn9MJH7YcAf1MqkWzvZAW2Ajb79XWzHonDVnUiLl11h0Lvzz1C0r2jSALu67gUQ4W5RaQF6U9KthAt8ZJ2NHCOZq7LGi9MDzp1OswoA.GwZl0DcB1.rp_zpoCIKNQ89D1RpBwbrFrcMG0JunLtffLMu6pSmMeNTIMTMnMkmWOAJQPd0CVDSCDrR9aLixOM7Zx0TVJhzgJwbEGOZWU_lzi5Ma99aP1flIwz7Pd.0qpqe071NDjHb2VMEC6RzOBz4DKvz_me8eZLf.RpPCYXUXumm832JzFF6Uw8RpJtQnEPa7cK1aiZXyh4Jt0sQ2QiqXrfXOH.jEtaWYPAX_UufinNRhZlgAw2EB.8gsWV9G_5yjOYV8B1lJDH5Ag5tpXSyssmEjiXEsPk_FywYJCfMOO9eki7vAWyqv__QWd80Q9Bow3aWsuybMVGEgXJqRA1at_toUzwu2KsnMdh3JaRS0VwoaqFp_qcfJIfnO2uvCf9iX_8KfsoL6fYb3cuiFypP34g6orpw9gWATdwP.wHpQx7Hdayrp_izr80WySyoujqRKpZiPaBIF3wYbNGkXkr6cUjYQHLrC4qMISBX4YkQrzgU5_dUAcibs8kziibCSWbA7rFKjrChbSx0y9kjpe5b19FxVyL7vqbN0F.3qxfE5396DKTQZm78SYMeixMF3vLoBjW8DzHJPeGEoVsDsKQlR68azsOpcGuFkKuaRKGl1SkNI2jdfqoQQt_wPUXl6fVJfdj7Y0QvuT5wenIkoQ07Cx3z4X5mqJYRGF3.6m1UYs8Dwwa8e1Ors38uG7ctNFC.HSUhs7CtMchzJXcR39DIcv7haJFELHdYl0EJUw9nFoCaiJvXQTtF6V3wgiwvScnKw",mdrd: "3I5gFXUtB2duijejuqi8KlYwdkggKa3YXpx8g03TAvY-1739798116-1.2.1.1-ANaCsHpntSlX1XXRMEDT9x5zuRp30MlW.r8Tt4nz1nBg8s6z_wYAdVafJwK7xOu7tMe02Xf.ElqkBvZKsjU7RE.OP8ipBiwnrRsMFhZbRo3MZorqzHsmH3TBvwAc5T1wjaxau7Myc.eNDENcWQYH79I3eNTvCSTP_7rXW9Na3EB1KT11r2kSSD_1b4xdKAbRXQzTYSd3enwzWb2CRx0D1GqmpcEQarjpUvEqIC8ilUq8sRbHioCI2rhZ4AmAQFHlMgpWzFPPLrVJvoBJ6oj1xUpRIvBfNOtsAAuWbQmVC8.CauCGQrXzdFTf.Q4KbIEUWA8JIv4ml7lFrQ2gWvh6wOk8PYrYAWOe1KEVnG9DF3l3gJvE8oizHHWlpHR0U3Rh08SzntuzHRJm0q7SBZQm5ldv9GSBC8_8NkrWFYTuETXIE82.2JvdByrZhD_nlXC.89Ia2MblBSR.5cBfrrFRyL_C2iZv6pw8lGWWZwkbKKssEfTQhgch.lvENZT_q4L2MZOopBDDcPzVEFxTx_LxpzAHu8X5LzN.avCE11vVJRnX8cOKpINO8EGdKcqtDMaiTBwB5Pldi5lI4CA5KJzlbLOx00a3SAH5FcA5AFPQJJmOwrieDE.0wMjCCfo4p9qPcvpHzO710j9lTI_oksi5NBWrYEsPkJU538nhpghT29xfqZf72qWQ.v4L.INOTiW78nAcMThajXszHzTVhgJF5DjIEJ_p3p6g.e7D8NzFZ4YWzlZAPILRu9ABtYPoV_uBHnY0g1hVa1raDpFpNXXxZ79Dahh5d06X.1PMPK2TathrbU7cS8HSclazMgLdhR9DIUf4gwvth5oMvmrVwN2KM.Z6PMY4J3RQXEMQxQi9HqbzIJzzyg903UxCNAz0JlF0navXwHveAXeXFgnPcro4CYv1SuHpJBmLEuS.bqv7ZWEbIgLLp.IDQNxDyeo5VbNe3oU7w2N3jbmzEbhr8lnqQOyULlQfNeGNlW6yT9KX1dgW2tHtYu4NoriVTe9v61TB6mY18Xpb5YEi3dyHa9lNSyv49ZVXanLz2I1CkQ4mNxLoQqpLVKuzFOdlPQTxASDoni4RQSzAPYhFHDbJO.B3Vb5j3R40CMXdHN2njtcKMxl4xIvc20BeBl4aMuEi45B5.Mw8zGI9R6_7BZCXqt9_MWyyuF9knQHiV8dJYjgdf3aB1K.nLi38NWS2YElxZDuOZNx7PHzho40yMy3HuNawLC_mQ0mM8OJfJJ4ww4IbReAg3gpCyhTAprX9qCrz.zaPT.DiAPln3ieLHuZmE58d8g6Mg6tJfRutDaWD6wXDS3NHNxnDYms2HuqSPdmXz23Xsi3f53ZZFge6.cB278uicQXhYTN0h1P3x08A.AYubMxQft2MvOMMudo9oz3xRoV_F6_NkZM720jITRX13kwPgc5MOm0fUqVtupDXhBBkAxZlc9P49n_AbVhoWIJL1_hy8T9oh_AjcPMr4fF1lrWRlZ9unzEWRQbsMLu_1s9uZQJx_ViOc4XDRXO_nK5.y0xhIBJvdk_khh_V39Psja7G.at9KoqUojRvIx6nxmwIjDM1w.41pTqbT7WEHwko5CGxPKj1SAl2Nj.RqZfW8Lvn2sihc1ng6z6.T22YgzLSL68.R7OzLkdpC55ByfCclKaNpS0TOPs4E1t.6loResFf6v7SqxJ.5ZkfUXV_nKVGTEs8fwhOcrv6qhgn7.i6_jS9lD1k2FwaEV0G2CRrOriEnzLR0XQDNS5AxBroHaLnbMPn1wZSrM7lkndOmSdHmpqmBMoYm3StBlgAQZxfTk_RRg49JZXWtdForkwPEfYlphI3iTNiR1CxXK4srDxZGH5OEiXADtRyccadc2TUd4nrIuDUt4i3t5N.zr37J4bFewrCdVDTiAaarG3JyJ3d2ChwZqv8Z1PJz7T4Q8gOn6e3ienXfPzG9lYPZ.zXu9nX._QDulUtXU4dLCyFAjYaML3rDWh8pi_7xPEDQa2i5bizMw"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91360b95ec13ff7e';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Nicholas%20Blagden&__cf_chl_rt_tk=YXyIkJrJY_cVgEen_NvyBTxrkJ4YTp.SxQJ8cX5uFiI-1739798116-1.0.1.1-7s1H0e8jT9VYe_RR4jC_BLrmGkJcMOV4uSGW_P0k02Q" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>