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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">−1 (nombre)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 49 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/-1_(%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF)" title="-1 (عدد) – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="-1 (عدد)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%92%E0%A7%A7" title="−১ – assamais" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="−১" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menos_unu" title="Menos unu – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Menos unu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/-1_(%D2%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD)" title="-1 (һан) – bachkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="-1 (һан)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bachkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/-1" title="-1 – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="-1" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921_(%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA)" title="−1 (лік) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="−1 (лік)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/-1" title="-1 – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="-1" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%80%93%E0%A7%A7" title="–১ – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="–১" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921" title="−1 – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="−1" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1-_(%DA%98%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%95)" title="١- (ژمارە) – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١- (ژمارە)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minus_eins" title="Minus eins – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Minus eins" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921" title="−1 – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="−1" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921" title="−1 – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="−1" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menos_uno" title="Menos uno – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Menos uno" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/-1" title="-1 – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="-1" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%92%DB%B1" title="−۱ – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="−۱" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921_(luku)" title="−1 (luku) – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="−1 (luku)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ian_oner_nol" title="Ian oner nol – frison septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ian oner nol" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frison septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menos_un" title="Menos un – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Menos un" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921" title="−1 – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="−1" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921" title="−1 – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="−1" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921_(angka)" title="−1 (angka) – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="−1 (angka)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921" title="−1 – ingouche" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="−1" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingouche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921" title="−1 – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="−1" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921" title="−1 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="−1" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921" title="−1 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="−1" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/-1_(%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%8E%D9%9B%D9%86%D9%9B%D8%AF)" title="-1 (گرَٛنٛد) – cachemiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="-1 (گرَٛنٛد)" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="cachemiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unus_negativus" title="Unus negativus – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Unus negativus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921_(%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%96%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF)" title="−1 (സംഖ്യ) – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="−1 (സംഖ്യ)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%92%E0%A5%A7_(%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE)" title="−१ (संख्या) – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="−१ (संख्या)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/-1_(%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86)" title="-1 (ਸੰਖਿਆ) – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="-1 (ਸੰਖਿਆ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921" title="−1 – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="−1" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menos_um" title="Menos um – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Menos um" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921_(num%C4%83r)" title="−1 (număr) – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="−1 (număr)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921_(%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE)" title="−1 (число) – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="−1 (число)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/-1_(nummer)" title="-1 (nummer) – écossais" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="-1 (nummer)" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921_(number)" title="−1 (number) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="−1 (number)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921_(%C5%A1tevilo)" title="−1 (število) – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="−1 (število)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921" title="−1 – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="−1" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921_(tal)" title="−1 (tal) – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="−1 (tal)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/-1_(%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D)" title="-1 (எண்) – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="-1 (எண்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921" title="−1 – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="−1" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921" title="−1 – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="−1" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/-1_(%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE)" title="-1 (число) – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="-1 (число)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/-1" title="-1 – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="-1" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/-1" title="-1 – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="-1" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921" title="−1 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="−1" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921" title="−1 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="−1" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/-1" title="-1 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="-1" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q310395#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata bandeau-article bandeau-niveau-ebauche"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Racine_carr%C3%A9e_bleue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Racine_carr%C3%A9e_bleue.svg/35px-Racine_carr%C3%A9e_bleue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Racine_carr%C3%A9e_bleue.svg/53px-Racine_carr%C3%A9e_bleue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Racine_carr%C3%A9e_bleue.svg/70px-Racine_carr%C3%A9e_bleue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p><strong class="bandeau-titre">Cet article est une <a href="/wiki/Aide:%C3%89bauche" title="Aide:Ébauche">ébauche</a> concernant les <a href="/wiki/Math%C3%A9matiques" title="Mathématiques">mathématiques</a>.</strong> </p><p>Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (<b><a href="/wiki/Aide:Comment_modifier_une_page" title="Aide:Comment modifier une page">comment ?</a></b>) selon les recommandations des <a href="/wiki/Projet:Accueil" title="Projet:Accueil">projets correspondants</a>. </p> </div></div> <div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Redirection" title="Aide:Redirection"><img alt="Page d’aide sur les redirections" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Arrows-move.svg/20px-Arrows-move.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Arrows-move.svg/30px-Arrows-move.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Arrows-move.svg/40px-Arrows-move.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="88" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>« Moins un » redirige ici. Pour l’année, voir <a href="/wiki/-1" class="mw-redirect" title="-1">-1</a>. </p> </div></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox_v2 infobox infobox--frwiki noarchive"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" class="entete defaut" style="background-color:#cfdfff;color:black;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E2%88%922_(nombre)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="−2 (nombre) (page inexistante)">−2</a><b> —</b>−1<b>— </b><a href="/wiki/0_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="0 (nombre)">0</a> </td></tr> <tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Adjectif_num%C3%A9ral" class="mw-redirect" title="Adjectif numéral">Cardinal</a> </th> <td>moins 1 </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Adjectif_num%C3%A9ral" class="mw-redirect" title="Adjectif numéral">Ordinal</a> </th> <td>−1<sup>e</sup> </td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding:4px; text-align:center; background-color:#cfdfff; color:#000000">Autres numérations</th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Num%C3%A9ration_romaine" title="Numération romaine">Numération romaine</a> </th> <td><abbr class="abbr" title="−1"><span class="romain" style="text-transform:uppercase">Inexistant</span></abbr> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Num%C3%A9ration_arabe" class="mw-redirect" title="Numération arabe">Numération indo-arabe</a> </th> <td><span class="lang-ar" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> ١− </span> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_binaire" title="Système binaire">Système binaire</a> </th> <td>−1 <i>ou</i> 11111111 <br /> (complément à deux) </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_octal" title="Système octal">Système octal</a> </th> <td>−1 <i>ou</i> 377 <br /> (complément à deux) </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_duod%C3%A9cimal" title="Système duodécimal">Système duodécimal</a> </th> <td>−1 </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_hexad%C3%A9cimal" title="Système hexadécimal">Système hexadécimal</a> </th> <td>−1 <i>ou</i> FF <br /> (complément à deux) </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px #cfdfff solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;"><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E2%88%921_(nombre)&action=edit&section=0"><span class="infodoc">modifier</span></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Infobox_Nombre" title="Consultez la documentation du modèle"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>–1</b> est l'<a href="/wiki/Oppos%C3%A9_(math%C3%A9matiques)" title="Opposé (mathématiques)">opposé</a> de <a href="/wiki/1_(nombre)" title="1 (nombre)">1</a>, c'est-à-dire le <a href="/wiki/Nombre" title="Nombre">nombre</a> qui, <a href="/wiki/Addition" title="Addition">ajouté</a> à 1, donne <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A9ro" title="Zéro">0</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="En_mathématiques"><span id="En_math.C3.A9matiques"></span>En mathématiques</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E2%88%921_(nombre)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : En mathématiques" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E2%88%921_(nombre)&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : En mathématiques"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>Moins un</b> est l'<a href="/wiki/Entier_relatif" title="Entier relatif">entier</a> plus grand que moins deux (–2) et plus petit que zéro.</li> <li>–1 est le plus grand entier <a href="/wiki/Nombre_n%C3%A9gatif" title="Nombre négatif">strictement négatif</a>.</li> <li>Multiplier un nombre (entier, ou même <a href="/wiki/Nombre_r%C3%A9el" title="Nombre réel">réel</a>) par –1 revient à changer son <a href="/wiki/Signe_(arithm%C3%A9tique)" title="Signe (arithmétique)">signe</a>. Plus généralement, <a href="/wiki/Anneau_unitaire#Calcul_dans_un_anneau" title="Anneau unitaire">dans tout anneau unifère</a>, (–1) × <i>x = –x</i> et (–1) × (–<i>x</i>) = <i>x</i>. En particulier, <span class="texhtml">(–1) × (–1) = 1</span> : le <a href="/wiki/Carr%C3%A9_(alg%C3%A8bre)" title="Carré (algèbre)">carré</a> de –1 est 1.</li> <li>Les deux <a href="/wiki/Racine_carr%C3%A9e" title="Racine carrée">racines carrées</a> <a href="/wiki/Nombre_complexe" title="Nombre complexe">complexes</a> de –1 sont les <a href="/wiki/Nombre_imaginaire_pur" title="Nombre imaginaire pur">unités imaginaires</a> <span class="texhtml">i</span> et <span class="texhtml">–i</span>.</li> <li>Par définition, <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x^{-1}={\frac {1}{x}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>x</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>x</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x^{-1}={\frac {1}{x}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7baae36dd77289724191a9402d2e9f3c5af3a506" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:8.927ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x^{-1}={\frac {1}{x}}}"></span>, ce qui veut dire qu’élever un nombre à une puissance –1 est la même chose que de calculer son inverse. Cette définition est compatible avec les <a href="/wiki/Puissance_d%27un_nombre#Opérations_algébriques_sur_les_puissances_entières" title="Puissance d'un nombre">opérations sur les puissances</a> : <i>x<sup>a</sup></i> × <i>x<sup>b</sup> = x<sup>a+b</sup></i> même si <i>a</i> <a href="/wiki/Disjonction_logique" title="Disjonction logique">ou</a> <i>b</i> est négatif.</li> <li>–1 est le résultat de l'<a href="/wiki/Identit%C3%A9_d%27Euler" title="Identité d'Euler">identité d'Euler</a>, quand on la réécrit <span class="texhtml">e<sup>iπ</sup> = –1</span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dans_d'autres_domaines"><span id="Dans_d.27autres_domaines"></span>Dans d'autres domaines</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E2%88%921_(nombre)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Dans d'autres domaines" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E2%88%921_(nombre)&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Dans d'autres domaines"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Représentation_informatique"><span id="Repr.C3.A9sentation_informatique"></span>Représentation informatique</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E2%88%921_(nombre)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Représentation informatique" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E2%88%921_(nombre)&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Représentation informatique"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il existe une variété de manières de représenter –1 (et les nombres négatifs en général) dans les systèmes informatiques, la plus commune étant le <a href="/wiki/Compl%C3%A9ment_%C3%A0_deux" title="Complément à deux">complément à deux</a> de leur forme positive. Puisque cette représentation peut aussi représenter un nombre <a href="/wiki/Entier_naturel" title="Entier naturel">entier positif</a> en <a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_binaire" title="Système binaire">représentation binaire</a> standard, un programmeur doit être prudent et ne pas confondre les deux. Moins un en complément à deux peut être confondu avec l’entier positif 2<sup><i>n</i></sup> – 1, où <i>n</i> est le nombre de chiffres dans la représentation (c’est-à-dire, le nombre de <a href="/wiki/Bit" title="Bit">bits</a> dans le type de données). Par exemple, 11111111 représente –1 en complément à deux sur 8 bits, mais représente 255 en représentation standard binaire. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E2%88%921_(nombre)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E2%88%921_(nombre)&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="font-size:85%; padding-left:1.6em; margin:0.3em 0;"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé <span class="plainlinks">« <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921?oldid=11359153">−1</a> » <small>(<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%921?action=history">voir la liste des auteurs</a>)</small></span>.</div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> </div> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint collapsed" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style=""><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Nombres" title="Voir ce modèle."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/Liste_de_nombres" title="Liste de nombres">Liste de nombres</a> voisins</div></th> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Unit%C3%A9_(chiffre)" title="Unité (chiffre)">Unités</a> voisines</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/-1_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="-1 (nombre)">←</a> <a href="/wiki/0_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="0 (nombre)">0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1_(nombre)" title="1 (nombre)">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_(nombre)" title="2 (nombre)">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_(nombre)" title="3 (nombre)">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_(nombre)" title="4 (nombre)">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_(nombre)" title="5 (nombre)">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_(nombre)" title="6 (nombre)">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7_(nombre)" title="7 (nombre)">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8_(nombre)" title="8 (nombre)">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9_(nombre)" title="9 (nombre)">9</a> <a href="/wiki/10_(nombre)" title="10 (nombre)">→</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/10_(nombre)" title="10 (nombre)">Dizaines</a> voisines</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=-10_(nombre)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="-10 (nombre) (page inexistante)">←</a> <a href="/wiki/0_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="0 (nombre)">0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_(nombre)" title="10 (nombre)">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20_(nombre)" title="20 (nombre)">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30_(nombre)" title="30 (nombre)">30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40_(nombre)" title="40 (nombre)">40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50_(nombre)" title="50 (nombre)">50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/60_(nombre)" title="60 (nombre)">60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/70_(nombre)" title="70 (nombre)">70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/80_(nombre)" title="80 (nombre)">80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/90_(nombre)" title="90 (nombre)">90</a> <a href="/wiki/100_(nombre)" title="100 (nombre)">→</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/100_(nombre)" title="100 (nombre)">Centaines</a> voisines</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=-100_(nombre)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="-100 (nombre) (page inexistante)">←</a> <a href="/wiki/0_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="0 (nombre)">0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/100_(nombre)" title="100 (nombre)">100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/200_(nombre)" title="200 (nombre)">200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/300_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="300 (nombre)">300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/400_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="400 (nombre)">400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/500_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="500 (nombre)">500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/600_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="600 (nombre)">600</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/700_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="700 (nombre)">700</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/800_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="800 (nombre)">800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/900_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="900 (nombre)">900</a> <a href="/wiki/1000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="1000 (nombre)">→</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/1_000_(nombre)" title="1 000 (nombre)">Milliers</a> voisins</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=-1000_(nombre)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="-1000 (nombre) (page inexistante)">←</a> <a href="/wiki/0_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="0 (nombre)">0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="1000 (nombre)">1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="2000 (nombre)">2000</a></li> <li>3000</li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/10_(nombre)" title="10 (nombre)">Dizaines</a> de <a href="/wiki/1_000_(nombre)" title="1 000 (nombre)">milliers</a></th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=-10000_(nombre)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="-10000 (nombre) (page inexistante)">←</a> <a href="/wiki/0_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="0 (nombre)">0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="10000 (nombre)">10000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="20000 (nombre)">20000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="30000 (nombre)">30000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="40000 (nombre)">40000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="50000 (nombre)">50000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/60000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="60000 (nombre)">60000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/70000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="70000 (nombre)">70000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/80000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="80000 (nombre)">80000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/90000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="90000 (nombre)">90000</a> <a href="/wiki/100000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="100000 (nombre)">→</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/100_(nombre)" title="100 (nombre)">Centaines</a> de <a href="/wiki/1_000_(nombre)" title="1 000 (nombre)">milliers</a></th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=-100000_(nombre)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="-100000 (nombre) (page inexistante)">←</a> <a href="/wiki/0_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="0 (nombre)">0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/100000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="100000 (nombre)">100000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/200000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="200000 (nombre)">200000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/300000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="300000 (nombre)">300000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/400000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="400000 (nombre)">400000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/500000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="500000 (nombre)">500000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/600000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="600000 (nombre)">600000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/700000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="700000 (nombre)">700000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/800000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="800000 (nombre)">800000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/900000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="900000 (nombre)">900000</a> <a href="/wiki/1000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="1000000 (nombre)">→</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Million" title="Million">Millions</a> voisins</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=-1000000_(nombre)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="-1000000 (nombre) (page inexistante)">←</a> <a href="/wiki/0_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="0 (nombre)">0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="1000000 (nombre)">1000000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="2000000 (nombre)">2000000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="3000000 (nombre)">3000000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="4000000 (nombre)">4000000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="5000000 (nombre)">5000000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="6000000 (nombre)">6000000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="7000000 (nombre)">7000000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="8000000 (nombre)">8000000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="9000000 (nombre)">9000000</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=10000000_(nombre)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="10000000 (nombre) (page inexistante)">→</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=""><a href="/wiki/Milliard" title="Milliard">Milliards</a> voisins</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=-1000000000_(nombre)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="-1000000000 (nombre) (page inexistante)">←</a> <a href="/wiki/0_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="0 (nombre)">0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1000000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="1000000000 (nombre)">1000000000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="2000000000 (nombre)">2000000000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3000000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="3000000000 (nombre)">3000000000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4000000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="4000000000 (nombre)">4000000000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5000000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="5000000000 (nombre)">5000000000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6000000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="6000000000 (nombre)">6000000000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7000000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="7000000000 (nombre)">7000000000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8000000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="8000000000 (nombre)">8000000000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9000000000_(nombre)" class="mw-redirect" title="9000000000 (nombre)">9000000000</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=10000000000_(nombre)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="10000000000 (nombre) (page inexistante)">→</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-banner" style="" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ordres_de_grandeur_de_nombres" title="Ordres de grandeur de nombres">Ordres de grandeur</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Arithm%C3%A9tique_et_th%C3%A9orie_des_nombres" title="Arithmétique et théorie des nombres"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Pascal%27s_triangle_5.svg/34px-Pascal%27s_triangle_5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="24" class="mw-file-element" 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