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pyro-electric effect</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: pyro-electric effect"> <meta name="keywords" content="pyro-electric effect"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="pyro-electric effect"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 14749</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: pyro-electric effect</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14749</span> Pyroelectric Effect on Thermoelectricity of AlInN/GaN Heterostructures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20K.%20Sahoo">B. K. Sahoo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Superior thermoelectric (TE) efficiency of AlₓIn₁₋ₓN /GaN heterostructure (HS) requires a minimum value of thermal conductivity (k). A smaller k would lead to even further increase of TE figure of merit (ZT). The built-in polarization (BIP) electric field of AlₓIn₁₋ₓN /GaN HS enhances S, and σ of the HS, however, the effect of BIP field on k of the HS has not been explored. Study of thermal conductivities (k: without BIP and kp: including BIP) vs temperature predicts pyroelectric behavior of HS. Both k and kp show crossover at a temperature Tp. The result shows that below Tp, kp < k due to negative thermal expansion coefficient (TEC). However, above Tp, kp > k. Above Tp, piezoelectric polarization dominates over spontaneous polarization due to positive TEC. This generates more lattice mismatch resulting in the significant contribution of BIP field to thermal conductivity. Thus, Tp can be considered as primary pyroelectric transition temperature of the material as above Tp thermal expansion takes place which is the reason for the secondary pyroelectric effect. It is found that below Tp, kp is decreased; thus enhancing TE efficiency. For x=0.1, 0.2 and 0.3; Tp are close to 200, 210 and 260 K, respectively. Thus, k of the HS can be modified as per requirement by tailoring the Al composition; making it suitable simultaneously for the design of high-temperature pyroelectric sensors and TE module for maximum power production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al%E2%82%93In%E2%82%81%E2%82%8B%E2%82%93N%2FGaN%20heterostructure" title="AlₓIn₁₋ₓN/GaN heterostructure">AlₓIn₁₋ₓN/GaN heterostructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=built%20in%20polarization" title=" built in polarization"> built in polarization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyroelectric%20behavior" title=" pyroelectric behavior"> pyroelectric behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoelectric%20efficiency" title=" thermoelectric efficiency"> thermoelectric efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107402/pyroelectric-effect-on-thermoelectricity-of-alinngan-heterostructures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">121</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14748</span> Self-Action of Pyroelectric Spatial Soliton in Undoped Lithium Niobate Samples with Pyroelectric Mechanism of Nonlinear Response</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anton%20S.%20Perin">Anton S. Perin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20M.%20Shandarov"> Vladimir M. Shandarov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Compensation for the nonlinear diffraction of narrow laser beams with wavelength of 532 and the formation of photonic waveguides and waveguide circuits due to the contribution of pyroelectric effect to the nonlinear response of lithium niobate crystal have been experimentally demonstrated. Complete compensation for the linear and nonlinear diffraction broadening of light beams is obtained upon uniform heating of an undoped sample from room temperature to 55 degrees Celsius. An analysis of the light-ﬁeld distribution patterns and the corresponding intensity distribution proﬁles allowed us to estimate the spacing for the channel waveguides. The observed behavior of bright soliton beams may be caused by their coherent interaction, which manifests itself in repulsion for anti-phase light ﬁelds and in attraction for in-phase light ﬁelds. The experimental results of this study showed a fundamental possibility of forming optically complex waveguide structures in lithium niobate crystals with pyroelectric mechanism of nonlinear response. The topology of these structures is determined by the light ﬁeld distribution on the input face of crystalline sample. The optical induction of channel waveguide elements by interacting spatial solitons makes it possible to design optical systems with a more complex topology and a possibility of their dynamic reconﬁguration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-action" title="self-action">self-action</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soliton" title=" soliton"> soliton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium%20niobate" title=" lithium niobate"> lithium niobate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piroliton" title=" piroliton"> piroliton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photorefractive%20effect" title=" photorefractive effect"> photorefractive effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyroelectric%20effect" title=" pyroelectric effect"> pyroelectric effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89331/self-action-of-pyroelectric-spatial-soliton-in-undoped-lithium-niobate-samples-with-pyroelectric-mechanism-of-nonlinear-response" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89331.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14747</span> Effect of Built in Polarization on Thermal Properties of InGaN/GaN Heterostructures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bijay%20Kumar%20Sahoo">Bijay Kumar Sahoo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An important feature of InₓGa₁-ₓN/GaN heterostructures is strong built-in polarization (BIP) electric field at the hetero-interface due to spontaneous (sp) and piezoelectric (pz) polarizations. The intensity of this electric field reaches several MV/cm. This field has profound impact on optical, electrical and thermal properties. In this work, the effect of BIP field on thermal conductivity of InₓGa₁-ₓN/GaN heterostructure has been investigated theoretically. The interaction between the elastic strain and built in electric field induces additional electric polarization. This additional polarization contributes to the elastic constant of InₓGa₁-ₓN alloy. This in turn modifies material parameters of InₓGa₁-ₓN. The BIP mechanism enhances elastic constant, phonon velocity and Debye temperature and their bowing constants in InₓGa₁-ₓN alloy. These enhanced thermal parameters increase phonon mean free path which boost thermal conduction process. The thermal conductivity (k) of InxGa1-xN alloy has been estimated for x=0, 0.1, 0.3 and 0.9. Computation finds that irrespective of In content, the room temperature k of InₓGa₁-ₓN/GaN heterostructure is enhanced by BIP mechanism. Our analysis shows that at a certain temperature both k with and without BIP show crossover. Below this temperature k with BIP field is lower than k without BIP; however, above this temperature k with BIP field is significantly contributed by BIP mechanism leading to k with BIP field become higher than k without BIP field. The crossover temperature is primary pyroelectric transition temperature. The pyroelectric transition temperature of InₓGa₁-ₓN alloy has been predicted for different x. This signature of pyroelectric nature suggests that thermal conductivity can reveal pyroelectricity in InₓGa₁-ₓN alloy. The composition dependent room temperature k for x=0.1 and 0.3 are in line with prior experimental studies. The result can be used to minimize the self-heating effect in InₓGa₁-ₓN/GaN heterostructures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=built-in%20polarization" title="built-in polarization">built-in polarization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phonon%20relaxation%20time" title=" phonon relaxation time"> phonon relaxation time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20properties%20of%20In%E2%82%93Ga%E2%82%81-%E2%82%93N%20%2FGaN%20heterostructure" title=" thermal properties of InₓGa₁-ₓN /GaN heterostructure"> thermal properties of InₓGa₁-ₓN /GaN heterostructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-heating" title=" self-heating"> self-heating</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70242/effect-of-built-in-polarization-on-thermal-properties-of-ingangan-heterostructures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70242.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">411</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14746</span> Effect of Sr-Doping on Multiferroic Properties of Ca₁₋ₓSrₓMn₇O₁₂</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parul%20Jain">Parul Jain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jitendra%20Saha"> Jitendra Saha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20C.%20Gupta"> L. C. Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Satyabrata%20Patnaik"> Satyabrata Patnaik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashok%20K.%20Ganguli"> Ashok K. Ganguli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ratnamala%20Chatterjee"> Ratnamala Chatterjee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study shows how sensitively and drastically multiferroic properties of CaMn₇O₁₂ get modified by isovalent Sr-doping, namely, in Ca₁₋ₓSrₓMn₇O₁₂ for x as small as 0.01 and 0.02. CaMn₇O₁₂ is a type-II multiferroic, wherein polarization is caused by magnetic spin ordering. In this report magnetic and ferroelectric properties of Ca₁₋ₓSrₓMn₇O₁₂ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) are investigated. Samples were prepared by wet sol gel technique using their respective nitrates; powders thus obtained were calcined and sintered in optimized conditions. The X-ray diffraction patterns of all samples doped with Sr concentrations in the range (0 ≤ x ≤ 10%) were found to be free from secondary phases. Magnetization versus temperature and magnetization versus field measurements were carried out using Quantum Design SQUID magnetometer. Pyroelectric current measurements were done for finding the polarization in the samples. Findings of the measurements are: (i) increase of Sr-doping in CaMn₇O₁₂ lattice i.e. for x ≤ 0.02, increases the polarization, whereas decreases the magnetization and the coercivity of the samples; (ii) the material with x = 0.02 exhibits ferroelectric polarization Ps which is more than double the Ps in the un-doped material and the magnetization M is reduced to less than half of that of the pure material; remarkably (iii) the modifications in Ps and M are reversed as x increases beyond x = 0.02 and for x = 0.10, Ps is reduced even below that for the pure sample; (iv) there is no visible change of the two magnetic transitions TN1 (90 K) and TN2 (48 K) of the pure material as a function of x. The strong simultaneous variations of Ps and M for x = 0.02 strongly suggest that either a basic modification of the magnetic structure of the material or a significant change of the coupling of P and M or possibly both. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferroelectric" title="ferroelectric">ferroelectric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isovalent" title=" isovalent"> isovalent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiferroic" title=" multiferroic"> multiferroic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polarization" title=" polarization"> polarization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyroelectric" title=" pyroelectric"> pyroelectric</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52624/effect-of-sr-doping-on-multiferroic-properties-of-ca1srmn7o12" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">462</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14745</span> Relaxor Ferroelectric Lead-Free Na₀.₅₂K₀.₄₄Li₀.₀₄Nb₀.₈₄Ta₀.₁₀Sb₀.₀₆O₃ Ceramic: Giant Electromechanical Response with Intrinsic Polarization and Resistive Leakage Analyses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abid%20Hussain">Abid Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Binay%20Kumar"> Binay Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Environment-friendly lead-free Na₀.₅₂K₀.₄₄Li₀.₀₄Nb₀.₈₄Ta₀.₁₀Sb₀.₀₆O₃ (NKLNTS) ceramic was synthesized by solid-state reaction method in search of a potential candidate to replace lead-based ceramics such as PbZrO₃-PbTiO₃ (PZT), Pb(Mg₁/₃Nb₂/₃)O₃-PbTiO₃ (PMN-PT) etc., for various applications. The ceramic was calcined at temperature 850 ᵒC and sintered at 1090 ᵒC. The powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern revealed the formation of pure perovskite phase having tetragonal symmetry with space group P4mm of the synthesized ceramic. The surface morphology of the ceramic was studied using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) technique. The well-defined grains with homogeneous microstructure were observed. The average grain size was found to be ~ 0.6 µm. A very large value of piezoelectric charge coefficient (d₃₃ ~ 754 pm/V) was obtained for the synthesized ceramic which indicated its potential for use in transducers and actuators. In dielectric measurements, a high value of ferroelectric to paraelectric phase transition temperature (Tm~305 ᵒC), a high value of maximum dielectric permittivity ~ 2110 (at 1 kHz) and a very small value of dielectric loss ( < 0.6) were obtained which suggested the utility of NKLNTS ceramic in high-temperature ferroelectric devices. Also, the degree of diffuseness (γ) was found to be 1.61 which confirmed a relaxor ferroelectric behavior in NKLNTS ceramic. P-E hysteresis loop was traced and the value of spontaneous polarization was found to be ~11μC/cm² at room temperature. The pyroelectric coefficient was obtained to be very high (p ∼ 1870 μCm⁻² ᵒC⁻¹) for the present case indicating its applicability in pyroelectric detector applications including fire and burglar alarms, infrared imaging, etc. NKLNTS ceramic showed fatigue free behavior over 107 switching cycles. Remanent hysteresis task was performed to determine the true-remanent (or intrinsic) polarization of NKLNTS ceramic by eliminating non-switchable components which showed that a major portion (83.10 %) of the remanent polarization (Pr) is switchable in the sample which makes NKLNTS ceramic a suitable material for memory switching devices applications. Time-Dependent Compensated (TDC) hysteresis task was carried out which revealed resistive leakage free nature of the ceramic. The performance of NKLNTS ceramic was found to be superior to many lead based piezoceramics and hence can effectively replace them for use in piezoelectric, pyroelectric and long duration ferroelectric applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dielectric%20properties" title="dielectric properties">dielectric properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferroelectric%20properties" title=" ferroelectric properties "> ferroelectric properties </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lead%20free%20ceramic" title=" lead free ceramic"> lead free ceramic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piezoelectric%20property" title=" piezoelectric property"> piezoelectric property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20state%20reaction" title=" solid state reaction"> solid state reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=true-remanent%20polarization" title=" true-remanent polarization"> true-remanent polarization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95991/relaxor-ferroelectric-lead-free-na052k044li004nb084ta010sb006o3-ceramic-giant-electromechanical-response-with-intrinsic-polarization-and-resistive-leakage-analyses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95991.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14744</span> Low Voltage and High Field-Effect Mobility Thin Film Transistor Using Crystalline Polymer Nanocomposite as Gate Dielectric</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Debabrata%20Bhadra">Debabrata Bhadra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20K.%20Chaudhuri"> B. K. Chaudhuri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The operation of organic thin film transistors (OFETs) with low voltage is currently a prevailing issue. We have fabricated anthracene thin-film transistor (TFT) with an ultrathin layer (~450nm) of Poly-vinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/CuO nanocomposites as a gate insulator. We obtained a device with excellent electrical characteristics at low operating voltages (<1V). Different layers of the film were also prepared to achieve the best optimization of ideal gate insulator with various static dielectric constant (εr ). Capacitance density, leakage current at 1V gate voltage and electrical characteristics of OFETs with a single and multi layer films were investigated. This device was found to have highest field effect mobility of 2.27 cm2/Vs, a threshold voltage of 0.34V, an exceptionally low sub threshold slope of 380 mV/decade and an on/off ratio of 106. Such favorable combination of properties means that these OFETs can be utilized successfully as voltages below 1V. A very simple fabrication process has been used along with step wise poling process for enhancing the pyroelectric effects on the device performance. The output characteristic of OFET after poling were changed and exhibited linear current-voltage relationship showing the evidence of large polarization. The temperature dependent response of the device was also investigated. The stable performance of the OFET after poling operation makes it reliable in temperature sensor applications. Such High-ε CuO/PVDF gate dielectric appears to be highly promising candidates for organic non-volatile memory and sensor field-effect transistors (FETs). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20field%20effect%20transistors" title="organic field effect transistors">organic field effect transistors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20film%20transistor" title=" thin film transistor"> thin film transistor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gate%20dielectric" title=" gate dielectric"> gate dielectric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20semiconductor" title=" organic semiconductor"> organic semiconductor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53924/low-voltage-and-high-field-effect-mobility-thin-film-transistor-using-crystalline-polymer-nanocomposite-as-gate-dielectric" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53924.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14743</span> Effect of Manganese Doping on Ferrroelectric Properties of (K0.485Na0.5Li0.015)(Nb0.98V0.02)O3 Lead-Free Piezoceramic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chongtham%20Jiten">Chongtham Jiten</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radhapiyari%20Laishram"> Radhapiyari Laishram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Chandramani%20Singh"> K. Chandramani Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Alkaline niobate (Na<sub>0.5</sub>K<sub>0.5</sub>)NbO<sub>3</sub> ceramic system has attracted major attention in view of its potential for replacing the highly toxic but superior lead zirconate titanate (PZT) system for piezoelectric applications. Recently, a more detailed study of this system reveals that the ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties are optimized in the Li- and V-modified system having the composition (K<sub>0.485</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>Li<sub>0.015</sub>)(Nb<sub>0.98</sub>V<sub>0.02</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>. In the present work, we further study the pyroelectric behaviour of this composition along with another doped with Mn<sup>4+</sup>. So, (K<sub>0.485</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>Li<sub>0.015</sub>)(Nb<sub>0.98</sub>V<sub>0.02</sub>)O<sub>3 </sub>+ <em>x</em> MnO<sub>2</sub> (<em>x</em> = 0, and 0.01 wt. %) ceramic compositions were synthesized by conventional ceramic processing route. X-ray diffraction study reveals that both the undoped and Mn<sup>4+</sup>-doped ceramic samples prepared crystallize into a perovskite structure having orthorhombic symmetry. Dielectric study indicates that Mn<sup>4+</sup> doping has little effect on both the Curie temperature (<em>T</em><sub>c</sub>) and tetragonal-orthorhombic phase transition temperature (<em>T</em><sub>ot</sub>). The bulk density, room-temperature dielectric constant (<em>ε</em><sub>RT</sub>), and room-c The room-temperature coercive field (<em>E</em><sub>c</sub>) is observed to be lower in Mn<sup>4+</sup> doped sample. The detailed analysis of the <em>P-E</em> hysteresis loops over the range of temperature from about room temperature to <em>T</em><sub>ot</sub> points out that enhanced ferroelectric properties exist in this temperature range with better thermal stability for the Mn<sup>4+</sup> doped ceramic. The study reveals that small traces of Mn<sup>4+</sup> can modify (K<sub>0.485</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>Li<sub>0.015</sub>)(Nb<sub>0.98</sub>V<sub>0.02</sub>)O<sub>3 </sub>system so as to improve its ferroelectric properties with good thermal stability over a wide range of temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramics" title="ceramics">ceramics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dielectric%20properties" title=" dielectric properties"> dielectric properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferroelectric%20properties" title=" ferroelectric properties"> ferroelectric properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lead-free" title=" lead-free"> lead-free</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sintering" title=" sintering"> sintering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20stability" title=" thermal stability"> thermal stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59726/effect-of-manganese-doping-on-ferrroelectric-properties-of-k0485na05li0015nb098v002o3-lead-free-piezoceramic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59726.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">238</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14742</span> Development of a Non-Dispersive Infrared Multi Gas Analyzer for a TMS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20V.%20Dinh">T. V. Dinh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Y.%20Choi"> I. Y. Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20W.%20Ahn"> J. W. Ahn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20H.%20Oh"> Y. H. Oh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Bo"> G. Bo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Y.%20Lee"> J. Y. Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20C.%20Kim"> J. C. Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A Non-Dispersive Infrared (NDIR) multi-gas analyzer has been developed to monitor the emission of carbon monoxide (CO) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) from various industries. The NDIR technique for gas measurement is based on the wavelength absorption in the infrared spectrum as a way to detect particular gasses. NDIR analyzers have popularly applied in the Tele-Monitoring System (TMS). The advantage of the NDIR analyzer is low energy consumption and cost compared with other spectroscopy methods. However, zero/span drift and interference are its urgent issues to be solved. Multi-pathway technique based on optical White cell was employed to improve the sensitivity of the analyzer in this work. A pyroelectric detector was used to detect the Infrared radiation. The analytical range of the analyzer was 0 ~ 200 ppm. The instrument response time was < 2 min. The detection limits of CO and SO2 were < 4 ppm and < 6 ppm, respectively. The zero and span drift of 24 h was less than 3%. The linearity of the analyzer was less than 2.5% of reference values. The precision and accuracy of both CO and SO2 channels were < 2.5% of relative standard deviation. In general, the analyzer performed well. However, the detection limit and 24h drift should be improved to be a more competitive instrument. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analyzer" title="analyzer">analyzer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CEMS" title=" CEMS"> CEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitoring" title=" monitoring"> monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NDIR" title=" NDIR"> NDIR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TMS" title=" TMS"> TMS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50922/development-of-a-non-dispersive-infrared-multi-gas-analyzer-for-a-tms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50922.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">257</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14741</span> Anharmonic Behavior in BaTiO3: Investigation by Raman Spectroscopy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20D.%20Fontana">M. D. Fontana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Bejaoui%20Ouni"> I. Bejaoui Ouni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Chapron"> D. Chapron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Aroui"> H. Aroui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> BaTiO3 (BT) is a well known ferroelectric material which has been thoroughly studied during several decades since it undergoes successive cubic-tetragonal-orthorhombic-rhombohedral phase transitions on cooling. It has several ferroelectric properties that allow it to be a good material for electronic applications such as the design of ferroelectric memories and pyroelectric elements. In the present work, we report the analysis of temperature dependence of Raman frequency and damping of the A1 modes polarized along the FE c axis as well as the optical phonons E corresponding to the ionic motions in the plane normal to c. Measurements were carried out at different temperatures ranging from 298 to 408 K (tetragonal phase) within different scattering configurations. Spectroscopic parameters of BT have determined using a high resolution Raman spectrometer and a fitting program. All the first order frequency modes exhibit a quasi linear decrease as function of the temperature, except for the A1[TO1], E[TO2] and E[TO4] lines which reveal a parabolic dependence illustrating an anharmonic process. The phonon frequency downshifts and damping evolutions are interpreted in terms of normal volume expansion and third- and fourth-order anharmonic potentials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BaTiO3" title="BaTiO3">BaTiO3</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raman%20spectroscopy" title=" Raman spectroscopy"> Raman spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency" title=" frequency"> frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damping" title=" damping"> damping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anharmonic%20potential" title=" anharmonic potential"> anharmonic potential</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38444/anharmonic-behavior-in-batio3-investigation-by-raman-spectroscopy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38444.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14740</span> Room Temperature Sensitive Broadband Terahertz Photo Response Using Platinum Telluride Based Devices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alka%20Jakhar">Alka Jakhar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harmanpreet%20Kaur%20Sandhu"> Harmanpreet Kaur Sandhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samaresh%20Das"> Samaresh Das</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Terahertz (THz) technology-based devices are heightening at an alarming rate on account of the wide range of applications in imaging, security, communication, and spectroscopic field. The various available room operational THz detectors, including Golay cell, pyroelectric detector, field-effect transistors, and photoconductive antennas, have some limitations such as narrow-band response, slow response speed, transit time limits, and complex fabrication process. There is an urgent demand to explore new materials and device structures to accomplish efficient THz detection systems. Recently, TMDs including topological semimetals and topological insulators such as PtSe₂, MoTe₂, WSe₂, and PtTe₂ provide novel feasibility for photonic and optical devices. The peculiar properties of these materials, such as Dirac cone, fermions presence, nonlinear optical response, high conductivity, and ambient stability, make them worthy for the development of the THz devices. Here, the platinum telluride (PtTe₂) based devices have been demonstrated for THz detection in the frequency range of 0.1-1 THz. The PtTe₂ is synthesized by direct selenization of the sputtered platinum film on the high-resistivity silicon substrate by using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The Raman spectra, XRD, and XPS spectra confirm the formation of the thin PtTe₂ film. The PtTe₂ channel length is 5µm and it is connected with a bow-tie antenna for strong THz electric field confinement in the channel. The characterization of the devices has been carried out in a wide frequency range from 0.1-1 THz. The induced THz photocurrent is measured by using lock-in-amplifier after preamplifier. The maximum responsivity is achieved up to 1 A/W under self-biased mode. Further, this responsivity has been increased by applying biasing voltage. This photo response corresponds to low energy THz photons is mainly due to the photo galvanic effect in PtTe₂. The DC current is induced along the PtTe₂ channel, which is directly proportional to the amplitude of the incident THz electric field. Thus, these new topological semimetal materials provide new pathways for sensitive detection and sensing applications in the THz domain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terahertz" title="terahertz">terahertz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detector" title=" detector"> detector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=responsivity" title=" responsivity"> responsivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=topological-semimetals" title=" topological-semimetals"> topological-semimetals</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139509/room-temperature-sensitive-broadband-terahertz-photo-response-using-platinum-telluride-based-devices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14739</span> THz Phase Extraction Algorithms for a THz Modulating Interferometric Doppler Radar</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaolin%20Allen%20Liao">Shaolin Allen Liao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hual-Te%20Chien"> Hual-Te Chien</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Various THz phase extraction algorithms have been developed for a novel THz Modulating Interferometric Doppler Radar (THz-MIDR) developed recently by the author. The THz-MIDR differs from the well-known FTIR technique in that it introduces a continuously modulating reference branch, compared to the time-consuming discrete FTIR stepping reference branch. Such change allows real-time tracking of a moving object and capturing of its Doppler signature. The working principle of the THz-MIDR is similar to the FTIR technique: the incoming THz emission from the scene is split by a beam splitter/combiner; one of the beams is continuously modulated by a vibrating mirror or phase modulator and the other split beam is reflected by a reflection mirror; finally both the modulated reference beam and reflected beam are combined by the same beam splitter/combiner and detected by a THz intensity detector (for example, a pyroelectric detector). In order to extract THz phase from the single intensity measurement signal, we have derived rigorous mathematical formulas for 3 Frequency Banded (FB) signals: 1) DC Low-Frequency Banded (LFB) signal; 2) Fundamental Frequency Banded (FFB) signal; and 3) Harmonic Frequency Banded (HFB) signal. The THz phase extraction algorithms are then developed based combinations of 2 or all of these 3 FB signals with efficient algorithms such as Levenberg-Marquardt nonlinear fitting algorithm. Numerical simulation has also been performed in Matlab with simulated THz-MIDR interferometric signal of various Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) to verify the algorithms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algorithm" title="algorithm">algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modulation" title=" modulation"> modulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=THz%20phase" title=" THz phase"> THz phase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=THz%20interferometry%20doppler%20radar" title=" THz interferometry doppler radar"> THz interferometry doppler radar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48964/thz-phase-extraction-algorithms-for-a-thz-modulating-interferometric-doppler-radar" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48964.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14738</span> Investigation on Reducing the Bandgap in Nanocomposite Polymers by Doping</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharvare%20Palwai">Sharvare Palwai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Padmaja%20Guggilla"> Padmaja Guggilla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Smart materials, also called as responsive materials, undergo reversible physical or chemical changes in their properties as a consequence of small environmental variations. They can respond to a single or multiple stimuli such as stress, temperature, moist, electric or magnetic fields, light, or chemical compounds. Hence smart materials are the basis of many applications, including biosensors and transducers, particularly electroactive polymers. As the polymers exhibit good flexibility, high transparency, easy processing, and low cost, they would be promising for the sensor material. Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF), being a ferroelectric polymer, exhibits piezoelectric and pyro electric properties. Pyroelectric materials convert heat directly into electricity, while piezoelectric materials convert mechanical energy into electricity. These characteristics of PVDF make it useful in biosensor devices and batteries. However, the influence of nanoparticle fillers such as Lithium Tantalate (LiTaO₃/LT), Potassium Niobate (KNbO₃/PN), and Zinc Titanate (ZnTiO₃/ZT) in polymer films will be studied comprehensively. Developing advanced and cost-effective biosensors is pivotal to foresee the fullest potential of polymer based wireless sensor networks, which will further enable new types of self-powered applications. Finally, nanocomposites films with best set of properties; the sensory elements will be designed and tested for their performance as electric generators under laboratory conditions. By characterizing the materials for their optical properties and investigate the effects of doping on the bandgap energies, the science in the next-generation biosensor technologies can be advanced. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyvinylidene%20fluoride" title="polyvinylidene fluoride">polyvinylidene fluoride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PVDF" title=" PVDF"> PVDF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium%20tantalate" title=" lithium tantalate"> lithium tantalate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potassium%20niobate" title=" potassium niobate"> potassium niobate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc%20titanate" title=" zinc titanate "> zinc titanate </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114876/investigation-on-reducing-the-bandgap-in-nanocomposite-polymers-by-doping" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114876.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14737</span> Energy Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Pakistan: A Decomposition Analysis Using LMDI </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arsalan%20Khan">Arsalan Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faisal%20Jamil"> Faisal Jamil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The unprecedented increase in anthropogenic gases in recent decades has led to climatic changes worldwide. CO2 emissions are the most important factors responsible for greenhouse gases concentrations. This study decomposes the changes in overall CO2 emissions in Pakistan for the period 1990-2012 using Log Mean Divisia Index (LMDI). LMDI enables to decompose the changes in CO2 emissions into five factors namely; activity effect, structural effect, intensity effect, fuel-mix effect, and emissions factor effect. This paper confirms an upward trend of overall emissions level of the country during the period. The study finds that activity effect, structural effect and intensity effect are the three major factors responsible for the changes in overall CO2 emissions in Pakistan with activity effect as the largest contributor to overall changes in the emissions level. The structural effect is also adding to CO2 emissions, which indicates that the economic activity is shifting towards more energy-intensive sectors. However, intensity effect has negative sign representing energy efficiency gains, which indicate a good relationship between the economy and environment. The findings suggest that policy makers should encourage the diversification of the output level towards more energy efficient sub-sectors of the economy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20consumption" title="energy consumption">energy consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO2%20emissions" title=" CO2 emissions"> CO2 emissions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decomposition%20analysis" title=" decomposition analysis"> decomposition analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LMDI" title=" LMDI"> LMDI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intensity%20effect" title=" intensity effect "> intensity effect </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40962/energy-related-carbon-dioxide-emissions-in-pakistan-a-decomposition-analysis-using-lmdi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40962.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14736</span> The Rebound Effect of Energy Efficiency in Residential Energy Demand: Case of Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Aldubyan">Mohammad Aldubyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fateh%20Belaid"> Fateh Belaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anwar%20Gasim"> Anwar Gasim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims at linking to link residential energy efficiency to the rebound effect concept, a well-known behavioral phenomenon in which service consumption increases when consumers notice a reduction in monetary spending on energy due to improvements in energy efficiency. It provides insights on into how and why the rebound effect happens when energy efficiency improves and whether this phenomenon is positive or negative. It also shows one technique to estimate the rebound effect on the national residential level. The paper starts with a bird’s eye view of the rebound effect and then dives in in-depth into measuring the rebound effect and evaluating its impact. Finally, the paper estimates the rebound effect in the Saudi residential sector through by linking pre-estimated price elasticities of demand to the Saudi residential building stock. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title="energy efficiency">energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rebound%20effect" title=" rebound effect"> rebound effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20consumption" title=" energy consumption"> energy consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20electricity%20demand" title=" residential electricity demand"> residential electricity demand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158063/the-rebound-effect-of-energy-efficiency-in-residential-energy-demand-case-of-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158063.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14735</span> Si Doped HfO₂ Anti-Ferroelectric Thin Films for Energy Storage and Solid State Cooling Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faizan%20Ali">Faizan Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dayu%20Zhou"> Dayu Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaohua%20Liu"> Xiaohua Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tony%20Schenk"> Tony Schenk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johannes%20%20Muller"> Johannes Muller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uwe%20Schroeder"> Uwe Schroeder</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, the ferroelectricity (FE) and anti-ferroelectricity (AFE) introduced in so-called 'high-k dielectric' HfO₂ material incorporated with various dopants (Si, Gd, Y, Sr, Gd, Al, and La, etc.), HfO₂-ZrO₂ solid-solution, Al or Si-doped Hf₀.₅Zr₀.₅O₂ and even undoped HfO₂ thin films. The origin of FE property was attributed to the formation of a non-centrosymmetric orthorhombic (o) phase of space group Pbc2₁. To the author’s best knowledge, AFE property was observed only in HfO₂ doped with a certain amount of Si, Al, HfₓZr₁₋ₓO₂ (0 ≤ x < 0.5), and in Si or Al-doped Hf₀.₅Zr₀.₅O₂. The origin of the anti-ferroelectric behavior is an electric field induced phase transition between the non-polar tetragonal (t) and the polar ferroelectric orthorhombic (o) phase. Compared with the significant amount of studies for the FE properties in the context of non-volatile memories, AFE properties of HfO₂-based and HfₓZr₁₋ₓO₂ (HZO) thin films have just received attention recently for energy-related applications such as electrocaloric cooling, pyroelectric energy harvesting, and electrostatic energy storage. In this work, energy storage and solid state cooling properties of Si-doped HfO₂ AFE thin films are investigated. Owing to the high field-induced polarization and slim double hysteresis, an extremely large Energy storage density (ESD) value of 61.2 J cm⁻³ is achieved at 4.5 MV cm⁻¹ with high efficiency of ~65%. In addition, the ESD and efficiency exhibit robust thermal stability in 210-400 K temperature range and excellent endurance up to 10⁹ times of charge/discharge cycling at a very high electric field of 4.0 MV cm⁻¹. Similarly, for solid-state cooling, the maximum adiabatic temperature change ( <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20films" title="thin films">thin films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20storage" title=" energy storage"> energy storage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endurance" title=" endurance"> endurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20state%20cooling" title=" solid state cooling"> solid state cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-ferroelectric" title=" anti-ferroelectric"> anti-ferroelectric</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98585/si-doped-hfo2-anti-ferroelectric-thin-films-for-energy-storage-and-solid-state-cooling-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98585.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14734</span> Yarkovsky Effect on the Orbital Dynamics of the Asteroid (101955) Bennu</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjay%20Narayan%20Deo">Sanjay Narayan Deo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badam%20Singh%20Kushvah"> Badam Singh Kushvah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bennu(101955) is a half kilometer potentially hazardous near-Earth asteroid. We analyze the influence of Yarkovsky effect and relativistic effect of the Sun on the motion of the asteroid Bennu. The transverse model is used to compute Yarkovsky force on asteroid Bennu. Our dynamical model includes Newtonian perturbations of eight planets, the Moon, the Sun and three massive asteroid (1Ceres, 2Palas and 4Vesta). We showed the variation in orbital elements of nominal orbit of the asteroid. In the presence of Yarkovsky effect, the Semi-major axis of the orbit of the asteroid is decreases by 350 m over one period of orbital motion. The magnitude of Yarkovsky force is computed. We find that maximum magnitude of Yarkovsky force is 0.09 N at the perihelion . We also found that the magnitude of the Sun relativity effect is greater than the Yarkovsky effect on the motion the asteroid Bennu. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bennu" title="Bennu">Bennu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orbital%20elements" title=" orbital elements"> orbital elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relativistic%20effect" title=" relativistic effect"> relativistic effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yarkovsky%20effect" title=" Yarkovsky effect"> Yarkovsky effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88396/yarkovsky-effect-on-the-orbital-dynamics-of-the-asteroid-101955-bennu" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88396.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14733</span> Payment for Pain: Differences between Hypothetical and Real Preferences</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Trarbach">J. Trarbach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Schosser"> S. Schosser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Vogt"> B. Vogt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Decision-makers tend to prefer the first alternative over subsequent alternatives which is called the <em>primacy effect</em>. To reliably measure this effect, we conducted an experiment with real consequences for preference statements. Therefore, we elicit preferences of subjects using a rating scale, i.e. hypothetical preferences, and willingness to pay, i.e. real preferences, for two sequences of pain. Within these sequences, both overall intensity and duration of pain are identical. Hence, a rational decision-maker should be indifferent, whereas the primacy effect predicts a stronger preference for the first sequence. What we see is a primacy effect only for hypothetical preferences. This effect vanishes for real preferences. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making" title="decision making">decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primacy%20effect" title=" primacy effect"> primacy effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=real%20incentives" title=" real incentives"> real incentives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=willingness%20to%20pay" title=" willingness to pay"> willingness to pay</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65259/payment-for-pain-differences-between-hypothetical-and-real-preferences" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65259.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14732</span> Modelling and Simulation of Photovoltaic Cell</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fouad%20Berrabeh">Fouad Berrabeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabir%20Messalti"> Sabir Messalti </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The performances of the photovoltaic systems are very dependent on different conditions, such as solar irradiation, temperature, etc. Therefore, it is very important to provide detailed studies for different cases in order to provide continuously power, so the photovoltaic system must be properly sized. This paper presents the modelling and simulation of the photovoltaic cell using single diode model. I-V characteristics and P-V characteristics are presented and it verified at different conditions (irradiance effect, temperature effect, series resistance effect). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaic%20cell" title="photovoltaic cell">photovoltaic cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BP%20SX%20150%20BP%20solar%20photovoltaic%20module" title=" BP SX 150 BP solar photovoltaic module"> BP SX 150 BP solar photovoltaic module</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irradiance%20effect" title=" irradiance effect"> irradiance effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20effect" title=" temperature effect"> temperature effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=series%20resistance%20effect" title=" series resistance effect"> series resistance effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I%E2%80%93V%20characteristics" title=" I–V characteristics"> I–V characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P%E2%80%93V%20characteristics" title=" P–V characteristics"> P–V characteristics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16671/modelling-and-simulation-of-photovoltaic-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16671.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">489</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14731</span> The Effect of Media Effect, Conformity, and Personality on Customers’ Purchase Intention under the Influence of COVID-19 Pandemic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsai-Yun%20Liao">Tsai-Yun Liao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fang-Yi%20Hsu"> Fang-Yi Hsu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Consumer behavior and consumption patterns have changed in reacting to the threat of COVID-19 pandemic situations. In order to explore the factors affecting customers’ purchase intention under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, this research uses structural equation modeling to explore the effect of media effect, conformity, and personality on customers’ purchase intention. Four essential objectives are investigated: how does media affect the conformity and perceived value of customers; the effect of media effect, conformity, and personality on customers’ purchase intention; the moderating effect of personality; and the mediating effect of perceived value toward purchase intention. By convenience sampling method, 428 questionnaires were collected, and the total number of valid samples was 406. Data analysis and results indicate that: (1) The media effect positively affects conformity. (2) The media effect positively affects perceived value. (3) Both conformity and perceived value positively affect purchase intention. (4) Consumer’s personality of openness to experience moderates the relationship between conformity and purchase intention. (5) Media effect affects purchase intention through the mediating effect of perceived value. This study contributes to the research by providing the factors affecting customers’ purchase intention and to the enterprises by maintaining incumbent customers and attracting potential customers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media%20effect" title=" media effect"> media effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conformity" title=" conformity"> conformity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personality" title=" personality"> personality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=purchase%20intention" title=" purchase intention"> purchase intention</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153104/the-effect-of-media-effect-conformity-and-personality-on-customers-purchase-intention-under-the-influence-of-covid-19-pandemic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153104.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14730</span> BOX Effect Sensitivity to Fin Width in SOI-Multi-FinFETs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20N.%20Moulai%20Khatir">A. N. Moulai Khatir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> SOI-Multifin-FETs are placed to be the workhorse of the industry for the coming few generations, and thus, in a few years because their excellent transistor characteristics, ideal sub-threshold swing, low drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) without pocket implantation, and negligible body bias dependency. The corner effect may also exist in the two lower corners; this effect is called the BOX effect, which can also occur in the direction X-Z. The electric field lines from the source and drain cross the bottom oxide and arrive in the silicon. This effect is also called DIVSB (Drain Induced Virtual Substrate Basing). The potential in the silicon film in particular near the drain is increased by the drain bias. It is similar to DIBL and result in a decrease of the threshold voltage. This work provides an understanding of the limitation of this effect by reducing the fin width for components with increased fin number. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SOI" title="SOI">SOI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finFET" title=" finFET"> finFET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corner%20effect" title=" corner effect"> corner effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-gate" title=" dual-gate"> dual-gate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tri-gate" title=" tri-gate"> tri-gate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BOX" title=" BOX"> BOX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-finFET" title=" multi-finFET"> multi-finFET</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32683/box-effect-sensitivity-to-fin-width-in-soi-multi-finfets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32683.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">496</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14729</span> Channel Length Modulation Effect on Monolayer Graphene Nanoribbon Field Effect Transistor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Saeidmanesh">Mehdi Saeidmanesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Razali%20Ismail"> Razali Ismail</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, Graphene Nanoribbon Field Effect Transistors (GNR FETs) attract a great deal of attention due to their better performance in comparison with conventional devices. In this paper, channel length Modulation (CLM) effect on the electrical characteristics of GNR FETs is analytically studied and modeled. To this end, the special distribution of the electric potential along the channel and current-voltage characteristic of the device is modeled. The obtained results of analytical model are compared to the experimental data of published works. As a result, it is observable that considering the effect of CLM, the current-voltage response of GNR FET is more realistic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene%20nanoribbon" title="graphene nanoribbon">graphene nanoribbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=field%20effect%20transistors" title=" field effect transistors"> field effect transistors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=short%20channel%20effects" title=" short channel effects"> short channel effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=channel%20length%20modulation" title=" channel length modulation"> channel length modulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42745/channel-length-modulation-effect-on-monolayer-graphene-nanoribbon-field-effect-transistor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42745.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14728</span> Effect of Shrinkage on Heat and Mass Transfer Parameters of Solar Dried Potato Samples of Variable Diameter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kshanaprava%20Dhalsamant">Kshanaprava Dhalsamant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Punyadarshini%20P.%20Tripathy"> Punyadarshini P. Tripathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shanker%20L.%20Shrivastava"> Shanker L. Shrivastava</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Potato is chosen as the food product for carrying out the natural convection mixed-mode solar drying experiments since they are easily available and globally consumed. The convective heat and mass transfer coefficients along with effective diffusivity were calculated considering both shrinkage and without shrinkage for the potato cylinders of different geometry (8, 10 and 13 mm diameters and a constant length of 50 mm). The convective heat transfer coefficient (hc) without considering shrinkage effect were 24.28, 18.69, 15.89 W/m2˚C and hc considering shrinkage effect were 37.81, 29.21, 25.72 W/m2˚C for 8, 10 and 13 mm diameter samples respectively. Similarly, the effective diffusivity (Deff) without considering shrinkage effect were 3.20×10-9, 4.82×10-9, 2.48×10-8 m2/s and Deff considering shrinkage effect were 1.68×10-9, 2.56×10-9, 1.34×10-8 m2/s for 8, 10 and 13 mm diameter samples respectively and the mass transfer coefficient (hm) without considering the shrinkage effect were 5.16×10-7, 2.93×10-7, 2.59×10-7 m/s and hm considering shrinkage effect were 3.71×10-7, 2.04×10-7, 1.80×10-7 m/s for 8, 10 and 13 mm diameter samples respectively. Increased values of hc were obtained by considering shrinkage effect in all diameter samples because shrinkage results in decreasing diameter with time achieving in enhanced rate of water loss. The average values of Deff determined without considering the shrinkage effect were found to be almost double that with shrinkage effect. The reduction in hm values is due to the fact that with increasing sample diameter, the exposed surface area per unit mass decreases, resulting in a slower moisture removal. It is worth noting that considering shrinkage effect led to overestimation of hc values in the range of 55.72-61.86% and neglecting the shrinkage effect in the mass transfer analysis, the values of Deff and hm are overestimated in the range of 85.02-90.27% and 39.11-45.11%, respectively, for the range of sample diameter investigated in the present study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shrinkage" title="shrinkage">shrinkage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convective%20heat%20transfer%20coefficient" title=" convective heat transfer coefficient"> convective heat transfer coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effectivive%20diffusivity" title=" effectivive diffusivity"> effectivive diffusivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convective%20mass%20transfer%20coefficient" title=" convective mass transfer coefficient"> convective mass transfer coefficient</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83081/effect-of-shrinkage-on-heat-and-mass-transfer-parameters-of-solar-dried-potato-samples-of-variable-diameter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83081.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">257</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14727</span> Direct Measurements of the Electrocaloric Effect in Solid Ferroelectric Materials via Thermoreflectance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Layla%20Farhat">Layla Farhat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mathieu%20Bardoux"> Mathieu Bardoux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=St%C3%A9phane%20Longuemart"> Stéphane Longuemart</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ziad%20Herro"> Ziad Herro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhak%20Hadj%20Sahraoui"> Abdelhak Hadj Sahraoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electrocaloric (EC) effect refers to the isothermal entropy or adiabatic temperature changes of a dielectric material induced by an external electric field. This phenomenon has been largely ignored for application because only modest EC effects (2.6 <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocaloric%20effect" title="electrocaloric effect">electrocaloric effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoreflectance" title=" thermoreflectance"> thermoreflectance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferroelectricity" title=" ferroelectricity"> ferroelectricity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling%20system" title=" cooling system"> cooling system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133920/direct-measurements-of-the-electrocaloric-effect-in-solid-ferroelectric-materials-via-thermoreflectance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133920.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">182</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14726</span> Effect of Aggregate Size on Mechanical Behavior of Passively Confined Concrete Subjected to 3D Loading</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Ajani%20Tijani">Ibrahim Ajani Tijani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20W.%20Lim"> C. W. Lim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Limited studies have examined the effect of size on the mechanical behavior of confined concrete subjected to 3-dimensional (3D) test. With the novel 3D testing system to produce passive confinement, concrete cubes were tested to examine the effect of size on stress-strain behavior of the specimens. The effect of size on 3D stress-strain relationship was scrutinized and compared to the stress-strain relationship available in the literature. It was observed that the ultimate stress and the corresponding strain was related to the confining rigidity and size. The size shows a significant effect on the intersection stress and a new model was proposed for the intersection stress based on the conceptual design of the confining plates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title="concrete">concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aggregate%20size" title=" aggregate size"> aggregate size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=size%20effect" title=" size effect"> size effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20compression" title=" 3D compression"> 3D compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20confinement" title=" passive confinement"> passive confinement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89055/effect-of-aggregate-size-on-mechanical-behavior-of-passively-confined-concrete-subjected-to-3d-loading" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89055.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14725</span> Behavioral Finance: Anomalies at Real Markets, Weekday Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vera%20Jancurova">Vera Jancurova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The financial theory is dominated by the believe that weekday effect has disappeared from current markets. The purpose of this article is to study anomalies, especially weekday effect, at real markets that disrupt the efficiency of financial markets. The research is based on the analyses of historical daily exchange rates of significant world indices to determine the presence of weekday effects on financial markets. The methodology used for the study is based on the analyzes of daily averages of particular indexes for different time periods. Average daily gains were analyzed for their whole time interval and then for particular five and ten years periods with the aim to detect the presence on current financial markets. The results confirm the presence of weekday effect at the most significant indices - for example: Nasdaq, S & P 500, FTSE 100 and the Hang Seng. It was confirmed that in the last ten years, the weekend effect disappeared from financial markets. However in last year’s the indicators show that weekday effect is coming back. The study shows that weekday effect has to be taken into consideration on financial markets, especially in the past years. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indices" title="indices">indices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anomalies" title=" anomalies"> anomalies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavioral%20finance" title=" behavioral finance"> behavioral finance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weekday%20effect" title=" weekday effect"> weekday effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50986/behavioral-finance-anomalies-at-real-markets-weekday-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50986.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14724</span> Economic Stability in a Small Open Economy with Income Effect on Leisure Demand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Shan%20Hsu">Yu-Shan Hsu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper studies a two-sector growth model with a technology of social constant returns and with a utility that features either a zero or a positive income effect on the demand for leisure. The purpose is to investigate how the existence of aggregate instability or equilibrium indeterminacy depends on both the intensity of the income effect on the demand for leisure and the value of the labor supply elasticity. The main finding is that when there is a factor intensity reversal between the private perspective and the social perspective, indeterminacy arises even if the utility has a positive income effect on leisure demand. Moreover, we find that a smaller value of the labor supply elasticity increases the range of the income effect on leisure demand and thus increases the possibility of equilibrium indeterminacy. JEL classification: E3; O41 <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indeterminacy" title="indeterminacy">indeterminacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-separable%20preferences" title=" non-separable preferences"> non-separable preferences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=income%20effect" title=" income effect"> income effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=labor%20supply%20elasticity" title=" labor supply elasticity"> labor supply elasticity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95542/economic-stability-in-a-small-open-economy-with-income-effect-on-leisure-demand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95542.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14723</span> Study of Inhibition of the End Effect Based on AR Model Predict of Combined Data Extension and Window Function</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pan%20Hongxia">Pan Hongxia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wang%20Zhenhua"> Wang Zhenhua</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the EMD decomposition in the process of endpoint effect adopted data based on AR model to predict the continuation and window function method of combining the two effective inhibition. Proven by simulation of the simulation signal obtained the ideal effect, then, apply this method to the gearbox test data is also achieved good effect in the process, for the analysis of the subsequent data processing to improve the calculation accuracy. In the end, under various working conditions for the gearbox fault diagnosis laid a good foundation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gearbox" title="gearbox">gearbox</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault%20diagnosis" title=" fault diagnosis"> fault diagnosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ar%20model" title=" ar model"> ar model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=end%20effect" title=" end effect"> end effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30984/study-of-inhibition-of-the-end-effect-based-on-ar-model-predict-of-combined-data-extension-and-window-function" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30984.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14722</span> Epicatechin Metabolites and Its Effect on ROS Production in Bovine Aortic Endothelial Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasiruddin%20Khan">Nasiruddin Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The action of (-)-epicatechin, a cocoa (Theobroma cacao) flavanol that modulates redox/oxidative stress are contributed mainly to their antioxidant properties. The present study investigates the concentration and time dependent effect of (-)-epicatechin metabolites 3MeEc, 4MeEc, and 4SulEc on the production of ROS on BAEC using L-012, Lucigenin as chemiluminescence dye and XO/HX system. Our result demonstrates that 3MeEc shows significant (P <0.05) lowering effect of ROS production in BAEC with increasing concentration of metabolite while L-012 was used as chemiluminescence dye but not in the case of Lucigenin. In XO/HX system, using L-012 as chemiluminescence dye, 3MeEc and 4MeEc showed significant lowering effect on ROS production with increasing concentration from 100-500nM as compared to the positive control (SOD). When Lucigenin was used as chemiluminescence dye, 3MeEc exerted significant lowering effect with increasing concentration when compared to the positive control (SOD) whereas 4MeEc showed significant lowering effect in ROS production from 250 nM on as compared to positive control. For 4SulEc, a significant lowering effect of ROS production was only observed at 100 and 250 nM. Overall, although each metabolite shows considerable effect, 3MeEc exhibited more pronounced effect on decreasing the production of ROS as compared to other two metabolites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epicatechin%20metabolites" title="epicatechin metabolites">epicatechin metabolites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HO-1" title=" HO-1"> HO-1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nrf2" title=" Nrf2"> Nrf2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ROS" title=" ROS"> ROS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54268/epicatechin-metabolites-and-its-effect-on-ros-production-in-bovine-aortic-endothelial-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54268.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">231</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14721</span> Many-Body Effect on Optical Gain of n+ Doping Tensile-Strained Ge/GeSiSn Quantum Wells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20J.%20Fan">W. J. Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20S.%20Ma"> B. S. Ma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The many-body effect on band structure and optical gain of n+ doping tensile-strained Ge/GeSiSn quantum wells are investigated by using an 8-band k•p method. Phase diagram of Ge/GeSiSn quantum well is obtained. The E-k dispersion curves, band gap renormalization and optical gain spectra including many-body effect will be calculated and discussed. We find that the k.p method without many-body effect will overestimate the optical gain and transition energy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Si%20photonics" title="Si photonics">Si photonics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=many-body%20effect" title=" many-body effect"> many-body effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20gain" title=" optical gain"> optical gain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ge-on-Si" title=" Ge-on-Si"> Ge-on-Si</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Quantum%20well" title=" Quantum well"> Quantum well</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13799/many-body-effect-on-optical-gain-of-n-doping-tensile-strained-gegesisn-quantum-wells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13799.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">734</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14720</span> Study of Residents' Perception of Tourism: The Case Study of Chabahar City, Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Omidikhankahdani">Majid Omidikhankahdani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Omidikhankahdani"> Maryam Omidikhankahdani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chabahar city located southeast of Iran and is one of strategic regional port in Oman sea aim of this study was measuring Chabahar city resident perceptions about tourism positive and negative effect. 322 participants selected via random sampling and fill questionnaire about their attitude toward tourism economic, social cultural and environment positive and negative impact. the result showed perspective of resident tourism have more positive effect than negative effect, also pair sample t test showed significant difference between positive and negative effect of tourism in favor positive effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20economic%20effect" title="tourism economic effect">tourism economic effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20environment" title=" tourism environment"> tourism environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residents%20attitude" title=" residents attitude"> residents attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20social-cultural" title=" tourism social-cultural"> tourism social-cultural</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32434/study-of-residents-perception-of-tourism-the-case-study-of-chabahar-city-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32434.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyro-electric%20effect&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyro-electric%20effect&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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