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id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 20th century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 21st century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Acquisition_by_Penske_Media_Corporation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acquisition_by_Penske_Media_Corporation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Acquisition by Penske Media Corporation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acquisition_by_Penske_Media_Corporation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Editions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Editions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Editions </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Editions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Editions subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Editions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Circulation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Circulation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Circulation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Circulation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Culture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Office_locations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Office_locations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Office locations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Office_locations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Content" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Content"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Content </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Content-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Content subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Content-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Film_reviews" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film_reviews"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Film reviews </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film_reviews-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Film_reviewers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film_reviewers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Film reviewers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film_reviewers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reprints_of_reviews" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reprints_of_reviews"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Reprints of reviews </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reprints_of_reviews-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Obituaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Obituaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Obituaries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Obituaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Charts_and_data" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Charts_and_data"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Charts and data </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Charts_and_data-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_Variety_products" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_Variety_products"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 Other Variety products </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_Variety_products-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variety_Studio:_Actors_on_Actors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variety_Studio:_Actors_on_Actors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.7 Variety Studio: Actors on Actors </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variety_Studio:_Actors_on_Actors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variety_Insight" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variety_Insight"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Variety Insight </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variety_Insight-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variety_Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variety_Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Variety Australia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Variety_Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Variety (magazine)</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 48 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" > 48 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A_(%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A9)" title="فارايتي (مجلة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فارايتي (مجلة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF_(%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE)" title="ভ্যারাইটি (পত্রিকা) – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভ্যারাইটি (পত্রিকা)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8A%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Върайъти – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Върайъти" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="ورایتی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ورایتی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety_(tydskrift)" title="Variety (tydskrift) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Variety (tydskrift)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%84%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B4%ED%8B%B0_(%EC%9E%A1%EC%A7%80)" title="버라이어티 (잡지) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="버라이어티 (잡지)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety_(majalah)" title="Variety (majalah) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Variety (majalah)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety_(periodico)" title="Variety (periodico) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Variety (periodico)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99_(%D7%9E%D7%92%D7%96%D7%99%D7%9F)" title="וראייטי (מגזין) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="וראייטי (מגזין)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety_(magazin)" title="Variety (magazin) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Variety (magazin)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety_(majalah)" title="Variety (majalah) – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Variety (majalah)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety_(tijdschrift)" title="Variety (tijdschrift) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Variety (tijdschrift)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A8%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3_(%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%90%88%E8%A1%86%E5%9B%BD%E3%81%AE%E9%9B%91%E8%AA%8C)" title="バラエティ (アメリカ合衆国の雑誌) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バラエティ (アメリカ合衆国の雑誌)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety_(revist%C4%83)" title="Variety (revistă) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Variety (revistă)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Variety (magazine)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety_(revija)" title="Variety (revija) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Variety (revija)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="ڤارایتی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڤارایتی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variety" title="Variety – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Variety" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li 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style="display:none">American entertainment trade magazine</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hproduct"><caption class="infobox-title fn">Variety</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Variety_2013_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f4/Variety_2013_logo.svg/220px-Variety_2013_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f4/Variety_2013_logo.svg/330px-Variety_2013_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f4/Variety_2013_logo.svg/440px-Variety_2013_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="85" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Variety_cover.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/5a/Variety_cover.jpg/220px-Variety_cover.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/5a/Variety_cover.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="278" data-file-height="359" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Cover of the October 2014 issue</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Editor-in-Chief</th><td class="infobox-data">Ramin Setoodeh (co-editor) Cynthia Littleton (co-editor)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Categories</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Trade_journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Trade journal">Trade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Entertainment" title="Entertainment">entertainment</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Frequency</th><td class="infobox-data">Weekly</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publisher</th><td class="infobox-data">Michelle Sobrino-Stearns (CEO and group publisher) Dea Lawrence (COO/CMO)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Paid circulation</th><td class="infobox-data brand">85,300</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sime_Silverman" title="Sime Silverman">Sime Silverman</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First issue</th><td class="infobox-data">Weekly: December 16, 1905; 118 years ago (1905-12-16) in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> Dailies: 1933 (1933) in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> 1998 (1998) in New York City</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Penske_Media_Corporation" title="Penske Media Corporation">Penske Media Corporation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Based in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>, California, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com">variety.com</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0042-2738">0042-2738</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/60626328">60626328</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Variety is an American <a href="/wiki/Trade_magazine" title="Trade magazine">trade magazine</a> owned by <a href="/wiki/Penske_Media_Corporation" title="Penske Media Corporation">Penske Media Corporation</a>. It was founded by <a href="/wiki/Sime_Silverman" title="Sime Silverman">Sime Silverman</a> in New York City in 1905 as a weekly newspaper reporting on theater and <a href="/wiki/Vaudeville" title="Vaudeville">vaudeville</a>. In 1933, Daily Variety was launched, based in Los Angeles, to cover the <a href="/wiki/Film_industry" title="Film industry">motion-picture industry</a>. Variety's website features entertainment news, reviews, box office results, plus a credits database, production charts and film calendar. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founding">Founding</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Founding">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Variety_16_December_1905_first_issue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Variety_16_December_1905_first_issue.jpg/220px-Variety_16_December_1905_first_issue.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Variety_16_December_1905_first_issue.jpg/330px-Variety_16_December_1905_first_issue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Variety_16_December_1905_first_issue.jpg/440px-Variety_16_December_1905_first_issue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>The first issue of Variety on December 16, 1905</figcaption></figure> Variety has been published since December 16, 1905,<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> when it was launched by <a href="/wiki/Sime_Silverman" title="Sime Silverman">Sime Silverman</a> as a weekly periodical covering theater and <a href="/wiki/Vaudeville" title="Vaudeville">vaudeville</a>, with its headquarters in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>. Silverman had been fired by <a href="/wiki/The_Morning_Telegraph" title="The Morning Telegraph">The Morning Telegraph</a> in 1905 for panning an act which had taken out an advert for $50.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> He subsequently decided to start his own publication that, he said, would "not be influenced by advertising."<a href="#cite_note-NYTStruggling-4">[4]</a> With a loan of $1,500 from his father-in-law, he launched Variety as publisher and editor.<a href="#cite_note-VarietyObit-5">[5]</a> In addition to The Morning Telegraph, other major competitors at the time of the company's launch were <a href="/wiki/New_York_Clipper" title="New York Clipper">The New York Clipper</a> and the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Dramatic_Mirror" title="New York Dramatic Mirror">New York Dramatic Mirror</a>.<a href="#cite_note-VarietyObit-5">[5]</a> The original logo, which is very similar to the current design, was sketched by Edgar M. Miller, a scenic painter, who refused payment.<a href="#cite_note-archive18-6">[6]</a> The front cover contained pictures of the original editorial staff: Alfred Greason, Epes W. Sargeant (Chicot or Chic), Joshua Lowe, and Silverman.<a href="#cite_note-Four-Letter-7">[7]</a> The first issue contained a review by Silverman's son <a href="/wiki/Sidne_Silverman" title="Sidne Silverman">Sidne</a>, also known as Skigie (based on the childish lisping of his name) who was claimed to be the youngest critic in the world at seven years old.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 20th century">edit</a>]</div> In 1922, Silverman acquired The New York Clipper which had been reporting on the stage and other entertainment since 1853, in an attempt to attract advertising revenue away from <a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a>, following a dispute with William Donaldson, the owner of Billboard.<a href="#cite_note-house-9">[9]</a> Silverman folded it two years later after spending $100,000, merging some of its features into Variety.<a href="#cite_note-house-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-InsideStuff-10">[10]</a> The same year, he launched the Times Square Daily, which he referred to as "the world's worst daily" and soon scrapped.<a href="#cite_note-VarietyObit-5">[5]</a> During that period, Variety staffers worked on all three papers. After the launch of <a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a> in 1930,<a href="#cite_note-Variety1932-11">[11]</a> Silverman launched the Hollywood-based Daily Variety in 1933 with Arthur Ungar as the editor. It replaced the Variety Bulletin issued in Hollywood on Fridays as a four-page wraparound to the Weekly.<a href="#cite_note-house-9">[9]</a> Daily Variety was initially published every day other than Sunday but mostly on Monday to Friday.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> The Daily and the Weekly were initially run as virtually independent newspapers, with the Daily concentrating mostly on Hollywood news and the Weekly on U.S. and international coverage. Silverman passed on the editorship of the Weekly Variety to <a href="/wiki/Abel_Green" title="Abel Green">Abel Green</a> as his replacement in 1933. He remained as publisher until his death later that year, soon after launching Daily Variety. Silverman's son Sidne succeeded him as publisher of both publications but upon contracting <a href="/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a> in 1936 he could no longer take a day-to-day role at the paper.<a href="#cite_note-Erichs-13">[13]</a> Green, the editor, and Harold Erichs, the treasurer and chief financial officer, ran the paper during his illness.<a href="#cite_note-Erichs-13">[13]</a> Following Sidne's death in 1950, his only son <a href="/wiki/Syd_Silverman" title="Syd Silverman">Syd Silverman</a>, was the sole heir to what was then Variety Inc. Young Syd's <a href="/wiki/Legal_guardian" title="Legal guardian">legal guardian</a> Erichs, who had started at Variety as an office boy, assumed the presidency.<a href="#cite_note-Erichs-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-house-9">[9]</a> Ungar remained editor of Daily Variety until his death in 1950.<a href="#cite_note-UngarObit-14">[14]</a> He was followed by Joe Schoenfeld.<a href="#cite_note-tom-15">[15]</a> In 1953, <a href="/wiki/Army_Archerd" title="Army Archerd">Army Archerd</a> took over the "Just for Variety" column on page two of Daily Variety and swiftly became popular in Hollywood. Archerd broke countless exclusive stories, reporting from film sets, announcing pending deals, and giving news of star-related hospitalizations, marriages, and births. The column appeared daily for 52 years until September 1, 2005.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> Erichs continued to oversee Variety until 1956.<a href="#cite_note-Erichs-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-house-9">[9]</a> After that date, Syd Silverman managed the company as publisher of both the Weekly Variety in New York and the Daily Variety in Hollywood. Thomas M. Pryor, former Hollywood bureau chief of <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, became editor of Daily Variety in 1959. Under Pryor, Daily Variety expanded from 8 pages to 32 pages and also saw circulation increase from 8,000 to 22,000.<a href="#cite_note-Pryor-NYT-obit-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-tom-15">[15]</a> Green remained editor of Variety until he died in 1973, with Syd taking over.<a href="#cite_note-NYTAbelGreen-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-wat-20">[20]</a> In 1987, Variety was sold to <a href="/wiki/Cahners_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Cahners Publishing">Cahners Publishing</a> for $64 million.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> In December 1987, Syd handed over editorship of Variety to Roger Watkins.<a href="#cite_note-wat-20">[20]</a> After 29 years as editor of Daily Variety, Tom Pryor handed over to his son Pete in June 1988.<a href="#cite_note-tom-15">[15]</a> On December 7, 1988, Watkins proposed and oversaw the transition to <a href="/wiki/Color_printing" title="Color printing">four-color print</a>. Upon its launch, the new-look Variety measured one inch shorter with a washed-out color on the front. The old front-page box advertisement was replaced by a strip advertisement, along with the first photos published in Variety since Sime gave up using them in the old format in 1920: they depicted Sime, Abel, and Syd.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> For 20 years from 1989, Variety's editor-in-chief was <a href="/wiki/Peter_Bart" title="Peter Bart">Peter Bart</a>, originally only of the weekly New York edition, with Michael Silverman (Syd's son) running the Daily in Hollywood. Bart had worked previously at <a href="/wiki/Paramount_Pictures" title="Paramount Pictures">Paramount Pictures</a> and The New York Times. Syd remained as publisher until 1990 when he was succeeded on Weekly Variety by Gerard A. Byrne and on Daily Variety by Sime Silverman's great-grandson, Michael Silverman. Syd became chairman of both publications.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 21st century">edit</a>]</div> In April 2009, Bart moved to the position of "vice president and editorial director", characterized online as "Boffo No More: Bart Up and Out at Variety". From mid-2009 to 2013, Timothy M. Gray oversaw the publication as Editor-in-Chief,<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> after over 30 years of various reporter and editor positions in the newsroom.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Acquisition_by_Penske_Media_Corporation">Acquisition by Penske Media Corporation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Acquisition by Penske Media Corporation">edit</a>]</div> In October 2012, <a href="/wiki/Reed_Business_Information" class="mw-redirect" title="Reed Business Information">Reed Business Information</a>, the periodical's owner, (formerly known as Reed-Elsevier, which had been parent to Cahner's Corp. in the United States) sold the publication to <a href="/wiki/PMC_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (company)">Penske Media Corporation</a> (PMC).<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> PMC is the owner of <a href="/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood" title="Deadline Hollywood">Deadline Hollywood</a>, which since the <a href="/wiki/2007%E2%80%932008_Writers_Guild_of_America_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike">2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike</a> has been considered Variety's largest competitor in online showbiz news. In October 2012, <a href="/wiki/Jay_Penske" title="Jay Penske">Jay Penske</a>, chairman and CEO of PMC, announced that the website's <a href="/wiki/Paywall" title="Paywall">paywall</a> would come down, the print publication would stay, and he would invest more into Variety's digital platform in a <a href="/wiki/Town_hall_meeting" title="Town hall meeting">townhall</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> In March 2013, owner Penske appointed three co-editors to oversee different parts of the publication's industry coverage; Claudia Eller as Editor, Film; Cynthia Littleton as Editor, TV; and Andrew Wallenstein as Editor, Digital. The decision was also made to stop printing Daily Variety with the last printed edition published on March 19, 2013, with the headline "Variety Ankles Daily Pub Hubbub".<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> In June 2014, Variety launched a high-end real-estate breaking news site, Dirt, under the direction of self-proclaimed "Real Estalker" Mark David, which later expanded to its own stand-alone site in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> October 2014 Eller and Wallenstein were upped to Co-Editors in Chief, with Littleton continuing to oversee the trade's television coverage. In June 2014, Penske Media Corporation entered into an agreement with Reuters to syndicate news from Variety and Variety Latino-Powered by Univision to distribute leading entertainment news to the international news agency's global readership. This dissemination comes in the form of columns, news stories, images, video, and data-focused products. In July 2015, Variety was awarded a Los Angeles Area Emmy Award by the Television Academy in the Best Entertainment Program category for <a href="/wiki/Variety_Studio:_Actors_on_Actors" title="Variety Studio: Actors on Actors">Variety Studio: Actors on Actors</a>, a series of one-hour specials that take viewers inside Hollywood films and television programs through conversations with acclaimed actors. A second Los Angeles Area Emmy Award was awarded in 2016. In June 2019, Variety shut down its Gaming section.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> A significant portion of the publication's advertising revenue comes during the film-award season leading up to the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a>. During this "Awards Season", large numbers of colorful, full-page "<a href="/wiki/For_Your_Consideration_(advertising)" title="For Your Consideration (advertising)">For Your Consideration</a>" advertisements inflate the size of Variety to double or triple its usual page count. These advertisements are the studios' attempt to reach other Hollywood professionals who will be voting on the many awards given out in the early part of the year, including the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Globe_Awards" title="Golden Globe Awards">Golden Globes</a> and various guild award honors.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Editions">Editions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Editions">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Variety (first edition published December 16, 1905) is a weekly entertainment publication with a broad coverage of movies, television, theater, music and technology, written for entertainment executives. It is the only remaining Variety print publication and is published weekly and delivered internationally.</li> <li>Daily Variety (first edition published September 6, 1933<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> and last published March 19, 2013) was the Los Angeles–based Hollywood and <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a> daily edition. The Daily Variety brand was revived in 2019 as a Mon–Fri email newsletter presenting the top stories of the last 24 hours. Top stories are also posted on the Daily Variety page of Variety.com.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> Daily Variety Gotham, (started in 1998) was the name of the New York City–based edition which gave a priority focus to <a href="/wiki/East_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="East Coast of the United States">East Coast</a> <a href="/wiki/Show_business" title="Show business">show-business</a> news and was produced earlier in the evening than the Los Angeles edition so it could be delivered to New York the following morning.</li> <li>Variety.com (launched in 1998) is the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> version of Variety. It was one of the first online newspapers to charge for access when it launched. In June 2010, all content on the website became paywalled.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> The paywall was removed in April 2013, but access to additional content, such as the archives, requires subscription. Variety is also available as a mobile app as Variety On-The-Go.<a href="#cite_note-ap-nopaywallstint-36">[36]</a></li> <li>Variety Hitmakers (first edition published in November 2017) is the publication's first music franchise.<a href="#cite_note-Hitmakers-37">[37]</a> The annual list recognizes the writers, producers, publishers, and other key personnel behind the scenes "who helped make―and break―the most consumed songs of the year as compiled by BuzzAngle Music".<a href="#cite_note-BTS-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> <a href="/wiki/Kendrick_Lamar" title="Kendrick Lamar">Kendrick Lamar</a>, <a href="/wiki/DJ_Khaled" title="DJ Khaled">DJ Khaled</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Scooter_Braun" title="Scooter Braun">Scooter Braun</a> featured on three individual covers of the premiere print issues, with Lamar named Hitmaker of the Year.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> He, along with Khaled and <a href="/wiki/Hailee_Steinfeld" title="Hailee Steinfeld">Hailee Steinfeld</a>, was honored at the inaugural Hitmakers awards ceremony held later that same month—the event has continued annually since.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> Other honorees have included <a href="/wiki/Dua_Lipa" title="Dua Lipa">Dua Lipa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bebe_Rexha" title="Bebe Rexha">Bebe Rexha</a> as 2018's Breakthrough Artist and Songwriter of the Year respectively,<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> <a href="/wiki/BTS" title="BTS">BTS</a> (2019 Group of the Year),<a href="#cite_note-BTS-38">[38]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harry_Styles" title="Harry Styles">Harry Styles</a> (2020 Hitmaker of the Year).<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a></li></ul> On December 15, 1906, Variety published its first anniversary number that contained 64 pages, double the size of a regular edition.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> It published regular bumper anniversary editions each year, most often at the beginning of January, normally with a review of the year and other charts and data, including, from 1938 onwards, lists of the top performing films of the year<a href="#cite_note-32ndAnni-47">[47]</a> and, from 1949, the annually updated all-time rental chart.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> The editions also contained many advertisements from show business personalities and companies. The 100th anniversary edition was published in October 2005 listing Variety's icons of the century.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> Along with the large anniversary editions, Variety also published special editions containing lots of additional information, charts and data (and advertising) for three film festivals: <a href="/wiki/Cannes_Film_Festival" title="Cannes Film Festival">Cannes Film Festival</a>,<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> MIFED Film Market,<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> and <a href="/wiki/American_Film_Market" title="American Film Market">American Film Market</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> Daily Variety also published an anniversary issue each October. This regularly contained a day-by-day review of the year in show business and in the 1970s started to contain republication of the film reviews published during the year.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> Older back issues of Variety are available on <a href="/wiki/Microfilm" class="mw-redirect" title="Microfilm">microfilm</a>. In 2010, Variety.com allowed access to digitized versions of all issues of Variety and Daily Variety with a subscription.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> Certain articles and reviews prior to 1998 have been republished on Variety.com. The Media History Digital Library has scans of the archive of Variety from 1905 to 1963 available online.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Circulation">Circulation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Circulation">edit</a>]</div> The first issue of Variety sold 320 copies in 1905.<a href="#cite_note-archive18-6">[6]</a> Paid circulation for the weekly Variety magazine in 2023 was 85,300.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Each copy of each Variety issue is read by an average of three people, with an estimated total readership of 255,900.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> Variety.com has 32 million unique monthly visitors.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Culture">edit</a>]</div> For much of its existence, Variety's writers and columnists have used a <a href="/wiki/Jargon" title="Jargon">jargon</a> called slanguage<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> or Varietyese (a form of <a href="/wiki/Headlinese" class="mw-redirect" title="Headlinese">headlinese</a>) that refers especially to the movie industry, and has largely been adopted and imitated by other writers in the industry. The language initially reflected that spoken by the actors during the early days of the newspaper.<a href="#cite_note-InsideStuff-10">[10]</a> Such terms as "boffo", "payola", and "striptease" are attributed to the magazine.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> In 1934, founder Sime Silverman headed a list in <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time magazine</a> of the "ten modern Americans who have done most to keep American jargon alive".<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a> cites Variety as the earliest source for about two dozen terms, including "show biz" (1945).<a href="#cite_note-Wren2005-63">[63]</a> In 2005, Welcome Books published The Hollywood Dictionary by Timothy M. Gray and J. C. Suares, which defines nearly 200 of these terms. One of its popular headlines was during the <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Crash of 1929">Wall Street Crash of 1929</a>: "<a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Lays_An_Egg" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Lays An Egg">Wall St. Lays An Egg</a>".<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> The most famous was "<a href="/wiki/Sticks_Nix_Hick_Pix" title="Sticks Nix Hick Pix">Sticks Nix Hick Pix</a>"<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Theatrical_property" class="mw-redirect" title="Theatrical property">movie-prop</a> version renders it as "Stix nix hix pix!" in <a href="/wiki/Yankee_Doodle_Dandy" title="Yankee Doodle Dandy">Yankee Doodle Dandy</a> (1942), <a href="/wiki/Michael_Curtiz" title="Michael Curtiz">Michael Curtiz</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Musical_film" title="Musical film">musical</a>–<a href="/wiki/Biographical_film" title="Biographical film">biographical film</a> about <a href="/wiki/George_M._Cohan" title="George M. Cohan">George M. Cohan</a> starring <a href="/wiki/James_Cagney" title="James Cagney">James Cagney</a>). In 2012, Rizzoli Books published Variety: An Illustrated History of the World from the Most Important Magazine in Hollywood by Gray. The book covers Variety's coverage of hundreds of world events, from the <a href="/wiki/1906_San_Francisco_earthquake" title="1906 San Francisco earthquake">1906 San Francisco earthquake</a>, through <a href="/wiki/Arab_Spring" title="Arab Spring">Arab Spring</a> in 2012, and argues that the entertainment industry needs to stay aware of changes in politics and tastes since those changes will affect their audiences. In a foreword to the book, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Scorsese" title="Martin Scorsese">Martin Scorsese</a> calls Variety "the single most formidable trade publication ever" and says that the book's content "makes you feel not only like a witness to history, but part of it too." In 2013, Variety staffers tallied more than 200 uses of weekly or Daily Variety in TV shows and films, ranging from <a href="/wiki/I_Love_Lucy" title="I Love Lucy">I Love Lucy</a> to <a href="/wiki/Entourage_(U.S._TV_series)" class="mw-redirect" title="Entourage (U.S. TV series)">Entourage</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] In 2016, Variety endorsed <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a> for <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a>, marking the first time the publication endorsed a candidate for elected office in its 111-year history.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Office_locations">Office locations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Office locations">edit</a>]</div> Variety's first offices were in the <a href="/wiki/Knickerbocker_Theatre_(Broadway)" title="Knickerbocker Theatre (Broadway)">Knickerbocker Theatre</a> located at 1396 Broadway on 38th and Broadway in New York. Later it moved to 1536 Broadway at the 45th and Broadway corner until <a href="/wiki/Loew%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Loew's">Loew's</a> acquired the site to build the <a href="/wiki/Loew%27s_State_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Loew's State Theatre (New York City)">Loew's State Theatre</a>.<a href="#cite_note-VarietyObit-5">[5]</a> In 1909, Variety set up its first overseas office in London.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> In 1920, Sime Silverman purchased an old brownstone building around the corner at 154 West 46th Street in New York, which became the Variety headquarters until 1987, when the publication was purchased.<a href="#cite_note-:0-69">[69]</a> Under the new management of Cahners Publishing, the New York headquarters of the Weekly Variety was relocated to the corner of 32nd Street and Park Avenue South.<a href="#cite_note-:0-69">[69]</a> Five years later, it was downgraded to a section of one floor in a building housing other Cahner's publications on West 18th Street, until the majority of operations were moved to <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] When Daily Variety started in 1933, its offices were in various buildings near Hollywood Blvd. and Sunset Blvd. In 1972, Syd Silverman purchased a building at 1400 North Cahuenga Blvd. which housed the Daily's offices until 1988, after which its new corporate owners and new publisher, Arthur Anderman, moved them to a building on the <a href="/wiki/Miracle_Mile,_Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Miracle Mile, Los Angeles, California">Miracle Mile</a> on <a href="/wiki/Wilshire_Boulevard" title="Wilshire Boulevard">Wilshire Boulevard</a>. In late 2008, Variety moved its Los Angeles offices to <a href="/wiki/5900_Wilshire" title="5900 Wilshire">5900 Wilshire</a>, a 31-story office building on Wilshire Boulevard in the Miracle Mile area.<a href="#cite_note-:1-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> The building was dubbed the Variety Building because a red, illuminated "Variety" sign graced the top of it.<a href="#cite_note-:1-70">[70]</a> In 2013, PMC, the parent company of Variety, announced plans to move Variety's offices to their new corporate headquarters at 11175 Santa Monica Blvd. in Westwood.<a href="#cite_note-:1-70">[70]</a> There, Variety shares the 9-story building with parent company PMC, Variety Intelligence Platform, and PMC's other media brands, including Deadline.com, Rolling Stone, Vibe, Billboard, Robb Report and the West Coast offices of WWD and Footwear News.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Content">Content</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Content">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film_reviews">Film reviews</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Film reviews">edit</a>]</div> On January 19, 1907, Variety published what is considered the first <a href="/wiki/Film_criticism" title="Film criticism">film review</a> in history. Two reviews written by Sime Silverman were published: <a href="/wiki/Path%C3%A9" title="Pathé">Pathe</a>'s comedy short An Exciting Honeymoon and <a href="/wiki/Edison_Studios" title="Edison Studios">Edison Studios</a>' western short The Life of a Cowboy directed by <a href="/wiki/Edwin_S._Porter" title="Edwin S. Porter">Edwin S. Porter</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FirstReview-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Variety discontinued reviews of films between March 1911 until January 1913<a href="#cite_note-VarietyMovieGuide-75">[75]</a> as they were convinced by a film producer, believed to be <a href="/wiki/George_Kleine" title="George Kleine">George Kleine</a>, that they were wasting space criticizing moving pictures and others had suggested that favorable reviews brought too strong a demand for certain pictures to the exclusion of others.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Despite the gap, Variety is still the longest unbroken source of film criticism in existence.<a href="#cite_note-VarietyMovieGuide-75">[75]</a> In 1930 Variety also started publishing a summary of miniature reviews for the films reviewed that week<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> and in 1951 the editors decided to position the capsules on top of the reviews,<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> a tradition retained today. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film_reviewers">Film reviewers</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Film reviewers">edit</a>]</div> Writing reviews was a side job for Variety staff, most of whom were hired to be reporters and not film or theatre critics. Many of the publication's reviewers identified their work with four-letter <a href="/wiki/Pen_names" class="mw-redirect" title="Pen names">pen names</a> ("sigs") rather than with their full names. The practice stopped in August 1991.<a href="#cite_note-sig-79">[79]</a> Those abbreviated names include the following:<a href="#cite_note-Four-Letter-7">[7]</a> <ul><li>Abel – <a href="/wiki/Abel_Green" title="Abel Green">Abel Green</a>, editor 1931–1973<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a></li> <li>Anby – <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Canby" title="Vincent Canby">Vincent Canby</a>, 1951–1957, later chief film critic for <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></li> <li>Army – <a href="/wiki/Army_Archerd" title="Army Archerd">Army Archerd</a></li> <li>Beau – Lee Beaupre</li> <li>Bell – Harry Ennis<a href="#cite_note-Variety25-81">[81]</a></li> <li>Besa – Peter Besas</li> <li>Bige – Joe Bigelow</li> <li>Bill – Bill Greeley</li> <li>Bing – <a href="/wiki/Claude_Binyon" title="Claude Binyon">Claude Binyon</a></li> <li>Bok – Bob Knight</li> <li>Byro – <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Byron" title="Stuart Byron">Stuart Byron</a></li> <li>Cart – <a href="/wiki/Todd_McCarthy" title="Todd McCarthy">Todd McCarthy</a>, 1979–1989; film review editor 1991–2010.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a></li> <li>Chic – Epes W Sargeant</li> <li>Con – John White Conway (1888–1928)<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a></li> <li>Daku – Dave Kaufman</li> <li>Drek – <a href="/wiki/Derek_Elley" title="Derek Elley">Derek Elley</a><a href="#cite_note-sig-79">[79]</a></li> <li>Edba – Ed Barry<a href="#cite_note-Variety25-81">[81]</a></li> <li>Edwa – Bill Edwards</li> <li>Fob – Frank Beermann</li> <li>Fred – Fred Schader<a href="#cite_note-Four-Letter-7">[7]</a></li> <li>Gene – Gene Arneel</li> <li>Gilb – George Gilbert</li> <li>Har – <a href="/wiki/Jim_Harwood" title="Jim Harwood">James Harwood</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a></li> <li>Hawk – Robert Hawkins<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a></li> <li>Hell – Jack Hellmann</li> <li>Herm – Herman Schoenfeld<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a></li> <li>Hobe – Hobe Morrison</li> <li>Holl and Hyho – <a href="/wiki/Hy_Hollinger" title="Hy Hollinger">Hy Hollinger</a>, 1953–1960, 1979–1992<a href="#cite_note-sig-79">[79]</a></li> <li>Jac – Harlan Jacobson</li> <li>Jolo – Joshua Lowe</li> <li>Jose – Joe Cohen</li> <li>Kirb – Fred Kirby</li> <li>Lait – <a href="/wiki/Jack_Lait" title="Jack Lait">Jack Lait</a></li> <li>Land – Robert J. Landry</li> <li>Ley – <a href="/wiki/Joe_Leydon" title="Joe Leydon">Joe Leydon</a><a href="#cite_note-sig-79">[79]</a></li> <li>Madd – John Madden</li> <li>Mick – Larry Michie</li> <li>Mor – Morry Roth</li> <li>Mosk – Gene Moskowitz</li> <li>Murf – Arthur D. Murphy, the principal film critic from December 1964 until October 1978.<a href="#cite_note-MurfObit-89">[89]</a></li> <li>Pry – Thomas M. Pryor, editor of Daily Variety from 1959 until his retirement in 1988.<a href="#cite_note-Pryor-NYT-obit-17">[17]</a></li> <li>Rush – Alfred Greason</li> <li>Sid or Skig – <a href="/wiki/Sidne_Silverman" title="Sidne Silverman">Sidne Silverman</a>, Variety publisher and Sime Silverman's son.<a href="#cite_note-sig-79">[79]</a></li> <li>Sime – <a href="/wiki/Sime_Silverman" title="Sime Silverman">Sime Silverman</a>, founder of Variety and the first to write a film review for the paper.<a href="#cite_note-FirstReview-73">[73]</a></li> <li>Sisk – Robert Sisk, formerly a writer of "news letters" for <a href="/wiki/The_Baltimore_Sun" title="The Baltimore Sun">The Sun</a> in Baltimore, Maryland.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a></li> <li>Strat – <a href="/wiki/David_Stratton" title="David Stratton">David Stratton</a></li> <li>Syd – <a href="/wiki/Syd_Silverman" title="Syd Silverman">Syd Silverman</a>, Sime Silverman's grandson</li> <li>The Skirt – Hattie Silverman, Sime's wife<a href="#cite_note-sig-79">[79]</a></li> <li>Ung – Arthur Ungar, first Daily Variety editor</li> <li>Whit – Whitney Williams<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reprints_of_reviews">Reprints of reviews</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Reprints of reviews">edit</a>]</div> Variety is one of the three English-language periodicals with 10,000 or more film reviews reprinted in book form. These are contained in the 24-volume <a href="/wiki/Variety_Film_Reviews" title="Variety Film Reviews">Variety Film Reviews</a> (1907–1996). Film reviews continue to be published in Variety. The other two periodicals are <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> (as The New York Times Film Reviews (1913–2000) in 22 volumes) and <a href="/wiki/Harrison%27s_Reports" title="Harrison's Reports">Harrison's Reports</a> (as <a href="/wiki/Harrison%27s_Reports_and_Film_Reviews" title="Harrison's Reports and Film Reviews">Harrison's Reports and Film Reviews</a> (1919–1962) in 15 volumes). In 1992, Variety published the Variety Movie Guide containing a collection of 5,000 abridged reviews edited by <a href="/wiki/Derek_Elley" title="Derek Elley">Derek Elley</a>.<a href="#cite_note-VarietyMovieGuide-75">[75]</a> The last edition was published in 2001 with 8,500 reviews.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> Many of the abridged reviews for films prior to 1998 are published on Variety.com unless they have later posted the original review.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Obituaries">Obituaries</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Obituaries">edit</a>]</div> The complete text of approximately 100,000 entertainment-related <a href="/wiki/Obituaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Obituaries">obituaries</a> (1905–1986) was reprinted as <a href="/wiki/Variety_Obituaries" title="Variety Obituaries">Variety Obituaries</a>, an 11-volume set, including alphabetical index. Four additional bi-annual reprints were published (for 1987–1994) before the reprint series was discontinued. The annual anniversary edition published in January would often contain a <a href="/wiki/Necrology" class="mw-redirect" title="Necrology">necrology</a> of the entertainment people who had died that year.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Charts_and_data">Charts and data</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Charts and data">edit</a>]</div> Variety started reporting <a href="/wiki/Box_office" title="Box office">box office</a> grosses for films by theatre on March 3, 1922, to give exhibitors around the country information on a film's performance on Broadway, which was often where first run showings of a film were held. In addition to New York City, they also endeavored to include all of the key cities in the U.S. in the future and initially also reported results for ten other cities including Chicago and Los Angeles.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> They continued to report these grosses for films until 1989 when they put the data into a summarized weekly chart<a href="#cite_note-NewBOFormat-96">[96]</a> and only published the data by theatre for New York and Los Angeles as well as other international cities such as London and Paris. As <a href="/wiki/Multimedia" title="Multimedia">media</a> expanded over the years, charts and data for other media such as TV ratings and music charts were published, especially in the anniversary editions that were regularly published each January. During the 1930s, charts of the top performing films of the year were published and this tradition has been maintained annually since.<a href="#cite_note-32ndAnni-47">[47]</a> In 1946, a weekly National Box Office survey was published on page 3 indicating the performance of the week's hits and flops based on the box office results of 25 key U.S. cities.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> Later that year, a list of All-Time Top Grossers with a list of films that had achieved or gave promise of earning $4,000,000 or more in domestic (United States and Canada) rentals was published.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> An updated chart was published annually for over 50 years, normally in the anniversary edition each January.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> In the late 1960s, Variety started to use an <a href="/wiki/IBM_360" class="mw-redirect" title="IBM 360">IBM 360</a> computer to collate the grosses from their weekly reports of 22 to 24 U.S. cities from January 1, 1968. The data came from up to 800 theatres which represented around 5% of the U.S. cinema population at the time but around one-third of the total U.S. box office grosses. In 1969, they started to publish the computerized box office compilation of the top 50 grossing films of the week based on this data.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> "<a href="/wiki/The_Love_Bug" title="The Love Bug">The Love Bug</a>" was the number one in the first chart published for the week ending April 16, 1969.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> The chart format was changed in 1989 to reduce the list to a top 40 and display a summary of the sample city theater grosses rather than publish the theater grosses separately.<a href="#cite_note-NewBOFormat-96">[96]</a> The sample chart was discontinued in 1990.<a href="#cite_note-SampleChart-104">[104]</a> Arthur D. Murphy, who joined Variety in 1964 and worked there until 1993, was one of the first to organize and chart domestic box office gross information that became more available during the 1980s and report it in a meaningful form setting a standard for how film box office information is reported today.<a href="#cite_note-MurfObit-89">[89]</a> Murphy used the weekly sample reports to estimate the total US weekly box office compared with previous annual totals which was reported in Variety's US Box Office Report each week. The sample also allowed Murphy to estimate the Market Share percentage rankings of distributors.<a href="#cite_note-NewBOFormat-96">[96]</a> In 1976, Variety Box Office Index (VBI) was launched where each month's actual key city box office tally, after seasonal adjustment, was simultaneously expressed as an index number, with 1970 as a whole being used as the base initially. The current month's VBI expressed the monthly box office performance as a percentage change from the base year.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> The index was published until 1991 giving a history of comparable monthly and annual box office performance for the past 20 years. During the 1980s, Daily Variety started to publish a weekly chart of the domestic box office grosses of films as compared to the Top 50 chart in Variety which was based on a sample of key markets. Variety started to publish this weekend box office report together with the sample top 50 chart (later top 40) until they discontinued the sample chart in February 1990 with the weekend box office report being their main source of box office reporting.<a href="#cite_note-SampleChart-104">[104]</a> In 2009, Variety launched a chart showcasing the top performing film trailers ahead of theatrical release in partnership with media measurement firm Visible Measures.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_Variety_products">Other Variety products</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Other Variety products">edit</a>]</div> In 1937, Variety compiled and published a Radio Directory compiling a record of events in radio such as program histories, ratings and popularity polls.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> It published an annual edition for the next three years<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> which are available on the Media History Digital Library. In 1981, Variety International Showbusiness Reference was published, which they claimed was the first book to contain a complete list of all winners and nominees for the <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Academy Awards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emmy_Awards" title="Emmy Awards">Emmy Awards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tony_Awards" title="Tony Awards">Tony Awards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Awards" title="Grammy Awards">Grammy Awards</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize" title="Pulitzer Prize">Pulitzer Prize</a>. The following year they published Variety major U.S. showbusiness awards containing just this award details and a revised edition, called Variety presents the complete book of major U.S. show business awards, was published in 1985.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> In 1988, R.R. Bowker, a Reed Reference Publishing Company, part of Reed-Elsevier, PLC, a "sister" company to Variety, published Variety's Video Directory Plus, a CD-ROM subscription product, updated quarterly, containing metadata about 90,000 home video products and full-text film reviews from Variety. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox hproduct"><caption class="infobox-title fn">International Film Guide</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0074-6053">0074-6053</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/230752727">230752727</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Cowie" title="Peter Cowie">Peter Cowie</a> joined Variety in 1989<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> and his International Film Guide, which had been published annually since 1964, became Variety International Film Guide with reports from countries on the year in cinema as well as information of film festivals. It continued to bear Variety's name until 2006.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> In 1990, Variety published a 15-volume set of its television reviews (including home video product) from 1923 to 1988. Additional supplements were published covering 1989–1990, 1991–1992 and 1993–1994.<a href="#cite_note-Prouty-112">[112]</a> In 1999, Cowie published The Variety Insider with detailed information on the year in entertainment as well as historical information. A second edition followed in 2000.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> In 2004, Variety published VLife, providing insider news on lifestyle features for the entertainment industry. It was published seven times annually.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Variety_Studio:_Actors_on_Actors">Variety Studio: Actors on Actors</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Variety Studio: Actors on Actors">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Variety_Studio:_Actors_on_Actors" title="Variety Studio: Actors on Actors">Variety Studio: Actors on Actors</a></div> In November 2014, Variety premiered Variety Studio: Actors on Actors, a co-production with PBS SoCal that featured two actors discussing their craft and thoughts on Hollywood, which subsequently went on to win three Emmy awards, including a Daytime Creative Arts Award in May 2019. In January 2017, they launched the Variety Content Studio, creating custom content for brands.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variety_Insight">Variety Insight</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Variety Insight">edit</a>]</div> Variety established its data and research division, Variety Insight, in 2011 when it acquired entertainment data company, TVtracker.com.<a href="#cite_note-observer-119">[119]</a> Its film database was announced in December 2011 as FlixTracker, but was later folded into Variety Insight. The subscription service is positioned as an alternative to crowd-sourced websites, such as the <a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a>.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> The database uses Variety's existing relationships with the studios to get information. The <a href="/wiki/New_York_Observer" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Observer">New York Observer</a> identified the main competitor as <a href="/wiki/Baseline_StudioSystems" title="Baseline StudioSystems">Baseline StudioSystems</a>.<a href="#cite_note-observer-119">[119]</a> In 2014, Variety Insight added Vscore, a measure of actors' cachet and bankability.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> In 2015, it partnered with ScriptNoted, a social media website for film <a href="/wiki/Screenplay" title="Screenplay">scripts.</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> In October 2020, it was rebranded Luminate Film & TV, part of Luminate, a joint venture between Penske Media Corporation (PMC) and Eldridge Industries.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variety_Australia">Variety Australia</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Variety Australia">edit</a>]</div> Variety Australia is a website owned by <a href="/wiki/Brag_Media" class="mw-redirect" title="Brag Media">Brag Media</a>, published under license from Variety Media, LLC. It covers film, TV and music around the world, but with a special focus on the Australian and New Zealand industries. The main writer is Vivienne Kelly.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg/28px-Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg/42px-Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg/56px-Newspaper_nicu_buculei_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Journalism" title="Portal:Journalism">Journalism portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood" title="Deadline Hollywood">Deadline Hollywood</a>, related publication owned by <a href="/wiki/Penske_Media_Corporation" title="Penske Media Corporation">Penske Media Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TVLine" title="TVLine">TVLine</a>, related publication owned by <a href="/wiki/Penske_Media_Corporation" title="Penske Media Corporation">Penske Media Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_film_periodicals" title="List of film periodicals">List of film periodicals</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Citations">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) 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Retrieved December 11, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Google+News&rft.atitle=Variety+to+begin+charging+for+Web+access+Thursday&rft.date=2009-12-09&rft.aulast=Nakashima&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fhostednews%2Fap%2Farticle%2FALeqM5jBCLQI3KL-K2QL_l9L2OsOzAG6xAD9CG1OI02&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-Hitmakers-37"><a href="#cite_ref-Hitmakers_37-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.music-news.com/news/UK/109400/Kendrick-Lamar-and-DJ-Khaled-receive-honours-at-Variety-Hitmakers-event">"Kendrick Lamar and DJ Khaled receive honours at Variety Hitmakers event"</a>. Music-News.com. 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October 26, 1976.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Variety&rft.atitle=43rd+Anniversary+Edition&rft.date=1976-10-26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGray2010" class="citation news cs1">Gray, Tim (September 13, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2010/biz/news/opening-the-variety-vault-1118024050/">"Opening the Variety vault"</a>. Variety. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200729021324/https://variety.com/2010/biz/news/opening-the-variety-vault-1118024050/">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2020. Retrieved March 22, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Opening+the+Variety+vault&rft.date=2010-09-13&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2010%2Fbiz%2Fnews%2Fopening-the-variety-vault-1118024050%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> Accessed March 9, 2018. </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://guides.library.ucla.edu/film/varietymag">"UCLA Library Variety & Daily Variety Magazine"</a>. library.ucla.edu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200102130926/http://guides.library.ucla.edu/film/varietymag">Archived</a> from the original on January 2, 2020. Retrieved March 9, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=library.ucla.edu&rft.atitle=UCLA+Library+Variety+%26+Daily+Variety+Magazine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fguides.library.ucla.edu%2Ffilm%2Fvarietymag&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> BPA Audit Statement, 2023 </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> Ipsos Subscriber Study, 2013 </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> Comscore, March 2023 </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> BPA Worldwide, September 2011 </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/static-pages/slanguage-dictionary/">"Variety's "Slanguage Dictionary""</a>. February 20, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151218071350/https://variety.com/static-pages/slanguage-dictionary/">Archived</a> from the original on December 18, 2015. Retrieved January 28, 2018. <q>Now that Variety is available online, we offer the following glossary of terms, most of which you're likely to see while scanning this site.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Variety%27s+%22Slanguage+Dictionary%22&rft.date=2013-02-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2Fstatic-pages%2Fslanguage-dictionary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHillard2005" class="citation news cs1">Hillard, Gloria (June 18, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4708916">"A Century of 'Variety'-Speak"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Public_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="National Public Radio">National Public Radio</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200729021614/https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4708916">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2020. Retrieved April 2, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+Century+of+%27Variety%27-Speak&rft.date=2005-06-18&rft.aulast=Hillard&rft.aufirst=Gloria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Ftemplates%2Fstory%2Fstory.php%3FstoryId%3D4708916&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> Accessed March 15, 2008. </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101125075353/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,746817,00.html">"Press: Doctor & Duke"</a>. Time. January 15, 1934. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,746817,00.html">the original</a> on November 25, 2010. Retrieved April 2, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Press%3A+Doctor+%26+Duke&rft.date=1934-01-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C746817%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wren2005-63"><a href="#cite_ref-Wren2005_63-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWren2005" class="citation news cs1">Wren, Celia (February 27, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boston.com/news/globe/ideas/articles/2005/02/27/do_you_speak_showbiz/?page=full">"Do you speak showbiz? Variety celebrates 100 years of slanguage"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150205095547/http://www.boston.com/news/globe/ideas/articles/2005/02/27/do_you_speak_showbiz/?page=full">Archived</a> from the original on February 5, 2015. Retrieved February 5, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Do+you+speak+showbiz%3F+Variety+celebrates+100+years+of+slanguage&rft.date=2005-02-27&rft.aulast=Wren&rft.aufirst=Celia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fnews%2Fglobe%2Fideas%2Farticles%2F2005%2F02%2F27%2Fdo_you_speak_showbiz%2F%3Fpage%3Dfull&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/variety96-1929-10#page/n338/mode/1up">"Wall St. Lays an Egg"</a>. Variety. October 30, 1929.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Wall+St.+Lays+an+Egg&rft.date=1929-10-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fvariety96-1929-10%23page%2Fn338%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCall1935" class="citation news cs1">McCall, George (July 17, 1935). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/variety119-1935-07#page/n124/mode/1up">"Sticks Nix Hick Pix"</a>. Variety.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Sticks+Nix+Hick+Pix&rft.date=1935-07-17&rft.aulast=McCall&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fvariety119-1935-07%23page%2Fn124%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuider2005" class="citation news cs1">Guider, Elizabeth (May 8, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2005/film/news/1935-exhibitor-perspective-sticks-in-memory-1117922319/">"1935 exhibitor perspective 'Sticks' in memory"</a>. Variety. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200729021058/https://variety.com/2005/film/news/1935-exhibitor-perspective-sticks-in-memory-1117922319/">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2020. Retrieved March 8, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=1935+exhibitor+perspective+%27Sticks%27+in+memory&rft.date=2005-05-08&rft.aulast=Guider&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2005%2Ffilm%2Fnews%2F1935-exhibitor-perspective-sticks-in-memory-1117922319%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllerWallenstein2016" class="citation magazine cs1">Eller, Claudia; Wallenstein, Andrew (November 1, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2016/biz/news/variety-hillary-clinton-endorsement-1201905147/">"Variety Endorses Hillary Clinton for President"</a>. Variety. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190824173715/https://variety.com/2016/biz/news/variety-hillary-clinton-endorsement-1201905147/">Archived</a> from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved November 2, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Variety+Endorses+Hillary+Clinton+for+President&rft.date=2016-11-01&rft.aulast=Eller&rft.aufirst=Claudia&rft.au=Wallenstein%2C+Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2016%2Fbiz%2Fnews%2Fvariety-hillary-clinton-endorsement-1201905147%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"Abel Green, 72, Editor of Variety, Dies; 52 Years on Show Beat". Variety. May 16, 1973. p. 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Abel+Green%2C+72%2C+Editor+of+Variety%2C+Dies%3B+52+Years+on+Show+Beat&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1973-05-16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-69">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_69-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_69-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBloom2004" class="citation book cs1">Bloom, Ken (2004). Broadway: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. pp. 538–540.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Broadway%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=538-540&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Bloom&rft.aufirst=Ken&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-70">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_70-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_70-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_70-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadline.com/2013/03/variety-deadline-westwood-building-headquarters-pmc-451471/">"Deadline And Variety To Live Under One Roof After Westwood Building Deal"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood" title="Deadline Hollywood">Deadline Hollywood</a>. <a href="/wiki/Penske_Media_Corporation" title="Penske Media Corporation">Penske Media Corporation</a>. March 12, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181218023954/https://deadline.com/2013/03/variety-deadline-westwood-building-headquarters-pmc-451471/">Archived</a> from the original on December 18, 2018. Retrieved May 24, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deadline+Hollywood&rft.atitle=Deadline+And+Variety+To+Live+Under+One+Roof+After+Westwood+Building+Deal&rft.date=2013-03-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2013%2F03%2Fvariety-deadline-westwood-building-headquarters-pmc-451471%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnold2013" class="citation magazine cs1">Arnold, Shayna Rose (November 15, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lamag.com/citythinkblog/a-sign-of-change-variety-name-removed-from-5900-wilshire/">"A Sign of Change: Variety Name Removed From 5900 Wilshire"</a>. Los Angeles Magazine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191112121336/https://www.lamag.com/citythinkblog/a-sign-of-change-variety-name-removed-from-5900-wilshire/">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2019. Retrieved May 24, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Magazine&rft.atitle=A+Sign+of+Change%3A+Variety+Name+Removed+From+5900+Wilshire&rft.date=2013-11-15&rft.aulast=Arnold&rft.aufirst=Shayna+Rose&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lamag.com%2Fcitythinkblog%2Fa-sign-of-change-variety-name-removed-from-5900-wilshire%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKauffman2012" class="citation news cs1">Kauffman, Alexander (December 20, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thewrap.com/variety-moving-penske-media-headquarters-405-eeew-70421/">"Is Variety Moving to Penske Media Headquarters on the 405? (Eeew!)"</a>. The Wrap. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210704202805/https://www.thewrap.com/variety-moving-penske-media-headquarters-405-eeew-70421/">Archived</a> from the original on July 4, 2021. Retrieved February 22, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Is+Variety+Moving+to+Penske+Media+Headquarters+on+the+405%3F+%28Eeew%21%29&rft.date=2012-12-20&rft.aulast=Kauffman&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thewrap.com%2Fvariety-moving-penske-media-headquarters-405-eeew-70421%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FirstReview-73">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FirstReview_73-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FirstReview_73-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/variety05-1907-01#page/n54/mode/1up">"An Exciting Honeymoon"</a>. Variety. January 19, 1907. p. 9.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=An+Exciting+Honeymoon&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1907-01-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fvariety05-1907-01%23page%2Fn54%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filmsite.org/1907-filmhistory.html">"Timeline of Greatest Film Milestones and Turning Points in Film History – The Year 1907"</a>. filmsite.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200113084133/https://www.filmsite.org/1907-filmhistory.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 13, 2020. Retrieved March 8, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=filmsite.org&rft.atitle=Timeline+of+Greatest+Film+Milestones+and+Turning+Points+in+Film+History+%E2%80%93+The+Year+1907&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmsite.org%2F1907-filmhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-VarietyMovieGuide-75">^ <a href="#cite_ref-VarietyMovieGuide_75-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-VarietyMovieGuide_75-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-VarietyMovieGuide_75-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElley1992" class="citation book cs1">Elley, Derek (May 1, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-WoexyWeRvUC">Variety Movie Guide</a>. Prentice Hall General Reference. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-13-928342-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-13-928342-0"><bdi>978-0-13-928342-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Variety+Movie+Guide&rft.pub=Prentice+Hall+General+Reference&rft.date=1992-05-01&rft.isbn=978-0-13-928342-0&rft.aulast=Elley&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-WoexyWeRvUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/variety41-1915-12#page/n155/mode/1up">"A Critic Confesses"</a>. Variety. December 24, 1915. p. 16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=A+Critic+Confesses&rft.pages=16&rft.date=1915-12-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fvariety41-1915-12%23page%2Fn155%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/variety97-1930-01#page/n409/mode/1up">"Miniature Reviews"</a>. Variety. January 15, 1930. p. 22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Miniature+Reviews&rft.pages=22&rft.date=1930-01-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fvariety97-1930-01%23page%2Fn409%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/variety182-1951-06#page/n5/mode/1up">"Film Reviews"</a>. Variety. June 6, 1951. p. 6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Film+Reviews&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1951-06-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fvariety182-1951-06%23page%2Fn5%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sig-79">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sig_79-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sig_79-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sig_79-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sig_79-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sig_79-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sig_79-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBart1991" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Bart" title="Peter Bart">Bart, Peter</a> (August 5, 1991). "Signing off on 'sigs'". Variety. p. 3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Signing+off+on+%27sigs%27&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1991-08-05&rft.aulast=Bart&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/Var55-1919-06#page/n74/mode/1up">"Playthings of Passion"</a>. Variety. May 30, 1919. p. 75 – via <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Playthings+of+Passion&rft.pages=75&rft.date=1919-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FVar55-1919-06%23page%2Fn74%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Variety25-81">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Variety25_81-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Variety25_81-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archive.org/stream/variety78-1925-04#page/n137/mode/2up">"American Roof"</a>, Variety, April 15, 1925, p. 11. <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>, San Francisco, California. Retrieved July 28, 2019. Both of the trade publication's reviewers Harry Ennis ("Bell") and Ed Barry ("Edba") are identified in the cited source. </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEbert2010" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Ebert, Roger</a> (March 9, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rogerebert.com/rogers-journal/variety-this-thumbs-for-you">"Variety: This Thumb's For You"</a>. rogerebert.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140129031713/http://www.rogerebert.com/rogers-journal/variety-this-thumbs-for-you">Archived</a> from the original on January 29, 2014. Retrieved July 5, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rogerebert.com&rft.atitle=Variety%3A+This+Thumb%27s+For+You&rft.date=2010-03-09&rft.aulast=Ebert&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rogerebert.com%2Frogers-journal%2Fvariety-this-thumbs-for-you&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCarthy1982" class="citation magazine cs1">McCarthy, Todd (May 26, 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/1982/film/reviews/e-t-the-extra-terrestrial-1200425287/">"Film Reviews: E.T. The Extra Terrestrial"</a>. Variety. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200113084116/https://variety.com/1982/film/reviews/e-t-the-extra-terrestrial-1200425287/">Archived</a> from the original on January 13, 2020. Retrieved March 11, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Film+Reviews%3A+E.T.+The+Extra+Terrestrial&rft.date=1982-05-26&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F1982%2Ffilm%2Freviews%2Fe-t-the-extra-terrestrial-1200425287%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1928/10/04/archives/jack-conway-con-dead-reviewer-for-variety-had-gone-to-bermuda-for.html">"JACK CONWAY, "CON," DEAD.; Reviewer for Variety Had Gone to Bermuda for Health"</a>. The New York Times. October 4, 1928. Retrieved July 20, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=JACK+CONWAY%2C+%22CON%2C%22+DEAD.%3B+Reviewer+for+Variety+Had+Gone+to+Bermuda+for+Health&rft.date=1928-10-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1928%2F10%2F04%2Farchives%2Fjack-conway-con-dead-reviewer-for-variety-had-gone-to-bermuda-for.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFisher" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Fisher, James (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://american_theatre.en-academic.com/289/Conway%2C_Jack">"Conway, Jack"</a>. The Historical Dictionary of the American Theater. Retrieved July 20, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Conway%2C+Jack&rft.btitle=The+Historical+Dictionary+of+the+American+Theater&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Famerican_theatre.en-academic.com%2F289%2FConway%252C_Jack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> Republished as <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFisherLondré2018" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Fisher, James; Londré, Felicia Hardison (2018). "Conway, Jack (1888–1928)". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Pro7DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA158">Historical Dictionary of American Theater: Modernism</a>. Historical Dictionaries of Literature and the Arts (2nd ed.). Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. 158. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-0786-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5381-0786-7"><bdi>978-1-5381-0786-7</bdi></a>. 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September 7, 1993. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210704202805/https://variety.com/1993/scene/people-news/jim-harwood-110304/">Archived</a> from the original on July 4, 2021. Retrieved April 6, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Jim+Harwood&rft.date=1993-09-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F1993%2Fscene%2Fpeople-news%2Fjim-harwood-110304%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaperstein2017" class="citation news cs1">Saperstein, Pat (October 22, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2017/film/festivals/bob-robert-hawkins-dies-dead-variety-italy-1202594907/">"Bob Hawkins, Longtime Variety Journalist, Dies at 93"</a>. Variety. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200923075437/https://variety.com/2017/film/festivals/bob-robert-hawkins-dies-dead-variety-italy-1202594907/">Archived</a> from the original on September 23, 2020. Retrieved November 20, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Bob+Hawkins%2C+Longtime+Variety+Journalist%2C+Dies+at+93&rft.date=2017-10-22&rft.aulast=Saperstein&rft.aufirst=Pat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2017%2Ffilm%2Ffestivals%2Fbob-robert-hawkins-dies-dead-variety-italy-1202594907%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1979/07/20/archives/obituary-1-no-title.html">"Obituaries"</a>. The New York Times. July 20, 1979. p. D13. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201129084917/https://www.nytimes.com/1979/07/20/archives/obituary-1-no-title.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 29, 2020. Retrieved November 20, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Obituaries&rft.pages=D13&rft.date=1979-07-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1979%2F07%2F20%2Farchives%2Fobituary-1-no-title.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MurfObit-89">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MurfObit_89-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MurfObit_89-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerkshire2003" class="citation web cs1">Berkshire, Geoffrey (June 18, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031115050806/http://www.simesite.net/muggs.asp?articleid=311">"B.O. guru who made a difference"</a> (Obituary). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.simesite.net/muggs.asp?articleid=311">the original</a> on November 15, 2003 – via simesite.net.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=B.O.+guru+who+made+a+difference&rft.date=2003-06-18&rft.aulast=Berkshire&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.simesite.net%2Fmuggs.asp%3Farticleid%3D311&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFByrge2003" class="citation web cs1">Byrge, Duane (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031115050806/http://www.simesite.net/muggs.asp?articleid=311">"The Hollywood Reporter"</a> (Obituary). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.simesite.net/muggs.asp?articleid=311">the original</a> on November 15, 2003 – via simesite.net.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Hollywood+Reporter&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Byrge&rft.aufirst=Duane&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.simesite.net%2Fmuggs.asp%3Farticleid%3D311&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/variety83-1926-06/page/n261/mode/2up">"Inside Stuff On Legit"</a>. Variety. June 23, 1926. p. 36. Retrieved February 26, 2020 – via Internet Archive.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Inside+Stuff+On+Legit&rft.pages=36&rft.date=1926-06-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fvariety83-1926-06%2Fpage%2Fn261%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/author/whitney-williams/">"Whitney Williams"</a>. variety.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210228212306/https://variety.com/author/whitney-williams/">Archived</a> from the original on February 28, 2021. Retrieved December 2, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=variety.com&rft.atitle=Whitney+Williams&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2Fauthor%2Fwhitney-williams%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElley2001" class="citation book cs1">Elley, Derek (March 1, 2001). Variety Movie Guide 2001. Penguin Group (USA). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-399-52657-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-399-52657-9"><bdi>0-399-52657-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Variety+Movie+Guide+2001&rft.pub=Penguin+Group+%28USA%29&rft.date=2001-03-01&rft.isbn=0-399-52657-9&rft.aulast=Elley&rft.aufirst=Derek&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/1985/film/reviews/maximum-overdrive-1200426863/">"Film reviews – Maximum Overdrive"</a>. Variety. January 1986. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180312083832/http://variety.com/1985/film/reviews/maximum-overdrive-1200426863/">Archived</a> from the original on March 12, 2018. Retrieved March 11, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Film+reviews+%E2%80%93+Maximum+Overdrive&rft.date=1986-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F1985%2Ffilm%2Freviews%2Fmaximum-overdrive-1200426863%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Necrology of 1982". Variety. January 12, 1983. p. 239.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Necrology+of+1982&rft.pages=239&rft.date=1983-01-12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archive.org/stream/variety66-1922-03#page/n46/mode/1up">"Business on Broadway Figures For Exhibitors' Information"</a>. Variety. March 3, 1922. p. 47.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Business+on+Broadway+Figures+For+Exhibitors%27+Information&rft.pages=47&rft.date=1922-03-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.archive.org%2Fstream%2Fvariety66-1922-03%23page%2Fn46%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NewBOFormat-96">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NewBOFormat_96-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewBOFormat_96-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewBOFormat_96-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"New B.O. Sample Format". Variety. 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Retrieved May 24, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=All-Time+Top+Film+Rentals&rft.date=1998&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.variety.com%2Fnumbers%2Fvideo.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/1997/digital/features/rental-champs-rate-of-return-1116680329/">"Rental Champs Rate of Return"</a>. Variety. December 15, 1997. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200505044012/https://variety.com/1997/digital/features/rental-champs-rate-of-return-1116680329/">Archived</a> from the original on May 5, 2020. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visiblemeasures.com/insights/charts/variety/">the original</a> on February 13, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=visiblemeasures.com&rft.atitle=Top+10+Film+Trailers+of+the+Week&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.visiblemeasures.com%2Finsights%2Fcharts%2Fvariety%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/varietyradiod19371938vari#page/n0/mode/2up">Variety Radio Directory 1937–1938</a>. 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Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8240-3796-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8240-3796-3"><bdi>978-0-8240-3796-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1064-9557">1064-9557</a>. 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Retrieved October 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=VLife+turns+to+Chalon&rft.pub=Variety&rft.date=2004-12-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2004%2Fmore%2Fnews%2Fvlife-turns-to-chalon-1117914319%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2015/biz/news/variety-names-dea-lawrence-as-chief-marketing-officer-1201608896/">"Variety Names Dea Lawrence as Chief Marketing Officer"</a>. Variety. October 6, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180402102154/http://variety.com/2015/biz/news/variety-names-dea-lawrence-as-chief-marketing-officer-1201608896/">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2018. Retrieved April 2, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Variety+Names+Dea+Lawrence+as+Chief+Marketing+Officer&rft.date=2015-10-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2015%2Fbiz%2Fnews%2Fvariety-names-dea-lawrence-as-chief-marketing-officer-1201608896%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Variety Names Dea Lawrence as Chief Marketing Officer". Variety. October 6, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Variety+Names+Dea+Lawrence+as+Chief+Marketing+Officer&rft.date=2015-10-06&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIndiewire_Staff2017" class="citation news cs1">Indiewire Staff (January 11, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiewire.com/2017/01/variety-content-studios-penske-media-corporation-1201767453/">"Variety Announces the Launch of Variety Content Studios"</a>. IndieWire. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180402101717/http://www.indiewire.com/2017/01/variety-content-studios-penske-media-corporation-1201767453/">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2018. Retrieved April 2, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IndieWire&rft.atitle=Variety+Announces+the+Launch+of+Variety+Content+Studios&rft.date=2017-01-11&rft.au=Indiewire+Staff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiewire.com%2F2017%2F01%2Fvariety-content-studios-penske-media-corporation-1201767453%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2017/biz/news/variety-launches-content-studios-for-branded-production-1201957304/">"Variety Launches Content Studios for Branded Production"</a>. Variety. January 10, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180403051913/https://variety.com/2017/biz/news/variety-launches-content-studios-for-branded-production-1201957304/">Archived</a> from the original on April 3, 2018. Retrieved April 2, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Variety+Launches+Content+Studios+for+Branded+Production&rft.date=2017-01-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2017%2Fbiz%2Fnews%2Fvariety-launches-content-studios-for-branded-production-1201957304%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-observer-119">^ <a href="#cite_ref-observer_119-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-observer_119-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStoeffel2011" class="citation news cs1">Stoeffel, Kat (December 9, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observer.com/2011/12/hollywood-trade-variety-moves-into-data-and-research-business/">"Hollywood Trade Variety Moves Into Data and Research Business"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_Observer" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Observer">New York Observer</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160923040203/http://observer.com/2011/12/hollywood-trade-variety-moves-into-data-and-research-business/">Archived</a> from the original on September 23, 2016. Retrieved September 21, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Observer&rft.atitle=Hollywood+Trade+Variety+Moves+Into+Data+and+Research+Business&rft.date=2011-12-09&rft.aulast=Stoeffel&rft.aufirst=Kat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fobserver.com%2F2011%2F12%2Fhollywood-trade-variety-moves-into-data-and-research-business%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarr2011" class="citation magazine cs1">Carr, Austin (December 8, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fastcompany.com/1799676/variety-launches-fact-checked-imdb-alternative-1000-subscriptions">"Variety Launches Fact-Checked IMDB Alternative With $1,000 Subscriptions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fast_Company_(magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fast Company (magazine)">Fast Company</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161001231907/https://www.fastcompany.com/1799676/variety-launches-fact-checked-imdb-alternative-1000-subscriptions">Archived</a> from the original on October 1, 2016. Retrieved September 21, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fast+Company&rft.atitle=Variety+Launches+Fact-Checked+IMDB+Alternative+With+%241%2C000+Subscriptions&rft.date=2011-12-08&rft.aulast=Carr&rft.aufirst=Austin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fastcompany.com%2F1799676%2Fvariety-launches-fact-checked-imdb-alternative-1000-subscriptions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2014/biz/news/johnny-depp-value-jennifer-lawrence-variety-vscore-1201263164/">"Variety Launches Vscore to Measure Actors' Value"</a>. Variety. August 6, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160923013829/http://variety.com/2014/biz/news/johnny-depp-value-jennifer-lawrence-variety-vscore-1201263164/">Archived</a> from the original on September 23, 2016. Retrieved September 21, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Variety+Launches+Vscore+to+Measure+Actors%27+Value&rft.date=2014-08-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2014%2Fbiz%2Fnews%2Fjohnny-depp-value-jennifer-lawrence-variety-vscore-1201263164%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2015/biz/news/variety-insight-partners-with-scriptnoted-1201620426/">"Variety Insight Partners With ScriptNoted"</a>. Variety. October 20, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160923012405/http://variety.com/2015/biz/news/variety-insight-partners-with-scriptnoted-1201620426/">Archived</a> from the original on September 23, 2016. Retrieved September 21, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Variety+Insight+Partners+With+ScriptNoted&rft.date=2015-10-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2015%2Fbiz%2Fnews%2Fvariety-insight-partners-with-scriptnoted-1201620426%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://filmandtv.luminatedata.com/">"How Long Has Luminate Film & TV Been Around?"</a>. Retrieved November 13, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+Long+Has+Luminate+Film+%26+TV+Been+Around%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffilmandtv.luminatedata.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://au.variety.com/">"Variety Australia"</a>. Variety Australia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221025062654/https://au.variety.com/">Archived</a> from the original on October 25, 2022. Retrieved October 25, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety+Australia&rft.atitle=Variety+Australia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fau.variety.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBesas2000" class="citation book cs1">Besas, Peter (2000). Inside Variety. Madrid: Ars Millenii.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inside+Variety&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pub=Ars+Millenii&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Besas&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVariety+%28magazine%29" class="Z3988"> The 563-page book gives a detailed history of the newspaper (it was never called a "magazine" under the Silvermans) from its birth in 1905 to its sale in 1987.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://simesite.net/">Sime's Site</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><ul><li>a web site run by Peter Besas, Ian Watkins, for ex-Variety employees from the pre-Cahners, pre-corporate, Silverman era.</li></ul></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(magazine)&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Words_from_Variety" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Appendix:Words from Variety">Appendix:Words from Variety</a> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://guides.library.ucla.edu/film/varietymag">Variety (1905–present)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/UCLA_Library" title="UCLA Library">UCLA Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:Penske Media Corporation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Penske_Media_Corporation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Penske_Media_Corporation" title="Penske Media Corporation">Penske Media Corporation</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Penske" title="Jay Penske">Jay Penske</a> (Chairman and CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Fuller" title="Bonnie Fuller">Bonnie Fuller</a> (President and Editor-in-Chief, Hollywood Life)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Gaydos" title="Steven Gaydos">Steven Gaydos</a> (Executive Vice President, Content Executive Editor, Variety)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samantha_Skey" title="Samantha Skey">Samantha Skey</a> (CEO, SHE Media)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jann_Wenner" title="Jann Wenner">Jann Wenner</a> (President and COO, Wenner Media)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gus_Wenner" title="Gus Wenner">Gus Wenner</a> (CEO, Rolling Stone)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Penske_Media_Corporation_2014_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Penske_Media_Corporation_2014_logo.svg/100px-Penske_Media_Corporation_2014_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Penske_Media_Corporation_2014_logo.svg/150px-Penske_Media_Corporation_2014_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Penske_Media_Corporation_2014_logo.svg/200px-Penske_Media_Corporation_2014_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="45" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artforum" title="Artforum">Artforum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARTnews" title="ARTnews">ARTnews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_in_America" title="Art in America">Art in America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boy_Genius_Report" title="Boy Genius Report">Boy Genius Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood" title="Deadline Hollywood">Deadline Hollywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_Fashion_Media" title="Fairchild Fashion Media">Fairchild Fashion Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Footwear_News" title="Footwear News">Footwear News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Wear_Daily" title="Women's Wear Daily">Women's Wear Daily</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IndieWire" title="IndieWire">IndieWire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_Business_Worldwide" title="Music Business Worldwide">Music Business Worldwide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robb_Report" title="Robb Report">Robb Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SHE_Media" title="SHE Media">SHE Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BlogHer" title="BlogHer">BlogHer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/StyleCaster" class="mw-redirect" title="StyleCaster">StyleCaster</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TVLine" title="TVLine">TVLine</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Variety</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">PMRC properties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hollywood_Reporter" title="The Hollywood Reporter">The Hollywood Reporter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vibe_(magazine)" title="Vibe (magazine)">Vibe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bookforum" title="Bookforum">Bookforum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Life" title="Hollywood Life">Hollywood Life</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Award shows</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Country_Music_Awards" title="Academy of Country Music Awards">Academy of Country Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Music_Awards" title="American Music Awards">American Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billboard_Music_Awards" title="Billboard Music Awards">Billboard Music Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Globes" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Globes">Golden Globes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streamy_Awards" title="Streamy Awards">Streamy Awards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BuzzAngle_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="BuzzAngle Music">BuzzAngle Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Clark_Productions" title="Dick Clark Productions">Dick Clark Productions</a> (joint venture with <a href="/wiki/Eldridge_Industries" title="Eldridge Industries">Eldridge Industries</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_Is_Beautiful_Music_%26_Art_Festival" title="Life Is Beautiful Music & Art Festival">Life Is Beautiful Music & Art Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_by_Southwest" title="South by Southwest">SXSW</a> (50% stakeholder)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vox_Media" title="Vox Media">Vox Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luminate_(company)" title="Luminate (company)">Luminate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471728#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471728#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471728#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/45146285364115371566">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4382697-0">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb34471768v">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb34471768v">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/0h907ctb5vmfzgg">Sweden</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w68b49bg">SNAC</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6v20r0c">2</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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