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</div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Iron_Age" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iron_Age"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Iron Age</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iron_Age-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roman_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roman_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Roman period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roman_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Later history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Twin towns – sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Tulcea</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 61 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-61" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">61 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="تولتشيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تولتشيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%DA%86%D8%A7" title="تولچا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="تولچا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Тулча – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тулча" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Тулча – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тулча" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea_(kapital_sa_lalawigan)" title="Tulcea (kapital sa lalawigan) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Tulcea (kapital sa lalawigan)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BB%CF%84%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B1" title="Τούλτσεα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τούλτσεα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Тулча – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Тулча" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%DA%86%D8%A7" title="تولچا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تولچا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%88%B4%EC%B2%B4%EC%95%84" title="툴체아 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="툴체아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC%D5%B9%D5%A1" title="Տուլչա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տուլչա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea_(grad)" title="Tulcea (grad) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tulcea (grad)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A6%27%D7%94" title="טולצ'ה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טולצ'ה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegyssus" title="Aegyssus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aegyssus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tul%C4%8Da" title="Tulča – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tulča" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcsa" title="Tulcsa – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tulcsa" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Тулча – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тулча" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Тулча – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Тулча" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea_(stad)" title="Tulcea (stad) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tulcea (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%82%A5%E3%83%AB%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3" title="トゥルチャ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トゥルチャ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%DA%86%D8%A7" title="تولچا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="تولچا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcza" title="Tulcza – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tulcza" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tul%C3%A7a" title="Tulça – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Tulça" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Тулча – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тулча" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Тулча – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тулча" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%87%D3%99" title="Тулчә – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Тулчә" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Тулча – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Тулча" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tul%C3%A7a" title="Tulça – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tulça" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Тулча – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тулча" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%DA%86%D8%A7" title="تولچا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تولچا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulcea" title="Tulcea – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tulcea" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li 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.latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Tulcea&params=45_10_39_N_28_48_13_E_type:city_region:RO_dim:100000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°10′39″N</span> <span class="longitude">28°48′13″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45.17750°N 28.80361°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">45.17750; 28.80361</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the administrative subdivision, see <a href="/wiki/Tulcea_County" title="Tulcea County">Tulcea County</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Municipality in Romania</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Tulcea</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Municipiu" title="Municipiu">Municipality</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:290px;max-width:290px"><div style="infobox;height:130px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Puerto_de_Tulcea,_Ruman%C3%ADa,_2016-05-28,_DD_42.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Puerto_de_Tulcea%2C_Ruman%C3%ADa%2C_2016-05-28%2C_DD_42.jpg/288px-Puerto_de_Tulcea%2C_Ruman%C3%ADa%2C_2016-05-28%2C_DD_42.jpg" decoding="async" width="288" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Puerto_de_Tulcea%2C_Ruman%C3%ADa%2C_2016-05-28%2C_DD_42.jpg/432px-Puerto_de_Tulcea%2C_Ruman%C3%ADa%2C_2016-05-28%2C_DD_42.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Puerto_de_Tulcea%2C_Ruman%C3%ADa%2C_2016-05-28%2C_DD_42.jpg/576px-Puerto_de_Tulcea%2C_Ruman%C3%ADa%2C_2016-05-28%2C_DD_42.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7967" data-file-height="3613" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Tulcea" title="Port of Tulcea">Port of Tulcea</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:127px;max-width:127px"><div style="infobox;height:93px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Monument_at_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/The_Monument_at_night.jpg/125px-The_Monument_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/The_Monument_at_night.jpg/188px-The_Monument_at_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/The_Monument_at_night.jpg/250px-The_Monument_at_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="384" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Monument of independence</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:161px;max-width:161px"><div style="infobox;height:93px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tulcea-19thcentury-BGRod.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Tulcea-19thcentury-BGRod.png/159px-Tulcea-19thcentury-BGRod.png" decoding="async" width="159" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Tulcea-19thcentury-BGRod.png/239px-Tulcea-19thcentury-BGRod.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Tulcea-19thcentury-BGRod.png/318px-Tulcea-19thcentury-BGRod.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="246" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Tulcea at the end of the 19th century</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:290px;max-width:290px"><div style="infobox;height:216px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tulcea2008k.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tulcea2008k.jpg/288px-Tulcea2008k.jpg" decoding="async" width="288" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tulcea2008k.jpg/432px-Tulcea2008k.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tulcea2008k.jpg/576px-Tulcea2008k.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Former headquarters of the State Fisheries Administration</div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ROU_TL_Tulcea_CoA.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Tulcea"><img alt="Coat of arms of Tulcea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/ROU_TL_Tulcea_CoA.png/67px-ROU_TL_Tulcea_CoA.png" decoding="async" width="67" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/ROU_TL_Tulcea_CoA.png/101px-ROU_TL_Tulcea_CoA.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/ROU_TL_Tulcea_CoA.png/135px-ROU_TL_Tulcea_CoA.png 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Tulcea" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Tulcea">Coat of arms</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:270px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:270px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:270px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Romania_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tulcea is located in Romania"><img alt="Tulcea is located in Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Romania_location_map.svg/270px-Romania_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Romania_location_map.svg/405px-Romania_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Romania_location_map.svg/540px-Romania_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1611" data-file-height="1152" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:65.147%;left:88.036%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Tulcea"><img alt="Tulcea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Tulcea</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Romania</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Tulcea&params=45_10_39_N_28_48_13_E_type:city_region:RO_dim:100000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°10′39″N</span> <span class="longitude">28°48′13″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45.17750°N 28.80361°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">45.17750; 28.80361</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">Romania</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Romania" title="Counties of Romania">County</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tulcea_County" title="Tulcea County">Tulcea</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(2020–2024) </span></th><td class="infobox-data">Ștefan Ilie<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/National_Liberal_Party_(Romania)" title="National Liberal Party (Romania)">PNL</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></div></th><td class="infobox-data">177.24 km<sup>2</sup> (68.43 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">30 m (100 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2021-12-01)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">65,624</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">370/km<sup>2</sup> (960/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Time" title="Eastern European Time">EET</a>/<a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Summer_Time" title="Eastern European Summer Time">EEST</a> (UTC+2/+3)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Romania" title="Postal codes in Romania">Postal code</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">820002–820249</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Romania" title="Telephone numbers in Romania">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">(+40) 02 40</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Romania" title="Vehicle registration plates of Romania">Vehicle reg.</a></th><td class="infobox-data">TL</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.primaria-tulcea.ro">www<wbr />.primaria-tulcea<wbr />.ro</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Tulcea</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Romanian pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ro-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Romanian" title="Help:IPA/Romanian">[ˈtult͡ʃe̯a]</a></span>; also known by <a href="#Names">alternative names</a>) is a city in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Dobruja" title="Northern Dobruja">Northern Dobruja</a>, Romania. It is the administrative center of <a href="/wiki/Tulcea_County" title="Tulcea County">Tulcea County</a>, and had a population of 65,624 as of 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tulcea&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>. One village, Tudor Vladimirescu, is administered by the city. It is one of six Romanian county seats <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_on_the_Danube_river" title="List of cities and towns on the Danube river">lying on the Danube river</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Names">Names</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulcea&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city is known in Bulgarian, Russian and Ukrainian as Тулча, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Cyrillic" title="Romanization of Cyrillic">romanized</a>: <i>Tulcha</i>; in Greek as Αιγισσός, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Greek" title="Romanization of Greek">romanized</a>: <i>Aigissós</i>; in Hungarian as <i>Tulcsa</i>;<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in Turkish as <i>Tulça</i>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eastern_Moesia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Eastern_Moesia.png/220px-Eastern_Moesia.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Eastern_Moesia.png/330px-Eastern_Moesia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Eastern_Moesia.png/440px-Eastern_Moesia.png 2x" data-file-width="930" data-file-height="1166" /></a><figcaption>Eastern <a href="/wiki/Moesia" title="Moesia">Moesia</a>: cities and roads</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulcea&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iron_Age">Iron Age</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulcea&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Iron Age"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cetatea_Aegyssus2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Cetatea_Aegyssus2.JPG/220px-Cetatea_Aegyssus2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Cetatea_Aegyssus2.JPG/330px-Cetatea_Aegyssus2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Cetatea_Aegyssus2.JPG/440px-Cetatea_Aegyssus2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Ruins of Aegyssus</figcaption></figure> <p>Tulcea was founded in the 7th century BC under the name of <i>Aegyssus</i>, mentioned by <a href="/wiki/Procopius" title="Procopius">Procopius</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a> recorded a local tradition that ascribed its name to a mythical founder, Aegisos the Caspian.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roman_period">Roman period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulcea&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Roman period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aegyssus was built on a high hill, a strategic location for guarding the Danube particularly under the Romans. The amphorae discovered from 1st century BC to 1st century AD suggest the town was an important trading centre of the period. </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Getic" class="mw-redirect" title="Getic">Getic</a> raids from 12–15 AD<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Roman_empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman empire">Romans</a> conquered the town and soon after built a new city. </p><p>After <a href="/wiki/Trajan%27s_Dacian_Wars" title="Trajan's Dacian Wars">Trajan's Dacian Wars</a> at the beginning of the 2nd century AD, the city was included in the <a href="/wiki/Moesian_Limes" title="Moesian Limes">Moesian Limes</a> defensive frontier system as a military fort and port for a detachment of the <i><a href="/wiki/Classis_Flavia_Moesica" title="Classis Flavia Moesica">Classis Flavia Moesica</a></i>. </p><p>The baths were built at the end of the 1st century AD and used until the beginning of the 5th century after several reconstruction phases, in the third of which a large <i><a href="/wiki/Palaestra" title="Palaestra">palaestra</a></i> was added on the north side. </p><p>In the second half of the 3rd century AD, the <i>cohors II Flavia Brittonum</i> (from Britain) was garrisoned here, and in the next century the <i><a href="/wiki/Vexillatio" title="Vexillatio">vexillatio</a> Aegyssensis</i> of <i><a href="/wiki/Legio_I_Iovia" title="Legio I Iovia">Legio I Iovia</a></i>. During the 4th-5th centuries, the city still preserved its military statute (headquarters of <i>cuneus equitum armigerorum, praefectus ripae legionis primae ariae cohortium quinque pedaturae inferioris</i>). It was destroyed during the <a href="/wiki/Hun" class="mw-redirect" title="Hun">Hun</a>'s invasions in the 5th century and rebuilt under <a href="/wiki/Justinian_I" title="Justinian I">Justinian I</a> along with the monumental reconstruction of the Danubian limes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulcea&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The town was abandoned by the first half of the 7th century after the <a href="/wiki/Avars_(Caucasus)" title="Avars (Caucasus)">Avars</a>-Slavs' attacks and the downfall of Danubian limes.<sup id="cite_ref-Stanica_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stanica-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town is mentioned in <a href="/wiki/Notitia_Episcopatuum" class="mw-redirect" title="Notitia Episcopatuum">Notitia Episcopatuum</a> and <a href="/wiki/De_Thematibus" class="mw-redirect" title="De Thematibus">De Thematibus</a> on the list of the bishoprics of Dobrudja. </p><p>Inhabitation was restored in the second half of the 10th century, as the Byzantines built a fort on the spot after reconquering the region. The fort was soon destroyed in 1064 by an attack of the <a href="/wiki/Oghuz_Turks" title="Oghuz Turks">Uzes</a>, however some inhabitation continued.<sup id="cite_ref-Stanica_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stanica-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A settlement, larger than the one in the 11th century, is archaeologically attested beginning with the 14th century. The <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman rule</a> was imposed around 1420, and would last for the following four centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-Stanica_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stanica-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_history">Later history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulcea&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Later history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The town was first documented under its modern name in 1506 in the Ottoman customs records, described as an "important centre for the transit trade".<sup id="cite_ref-Stanica_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stanica-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Around 1848, it was still a small <a href="/wiki/Shipyard" title="Shipyard">shipyard</a> city, being awarded city status in 1860, when it became a province capital. It became a sanjak centre in <a href="/wiki/Silistra_Province,_Ottoman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Silistra Province, Ottoman Empire">Silistre Eyaleti</a> in 1860 and <a href="/wiki/Danube_Province,_Ottoman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Danube Province, Ottoman Empire">Tuna Vilayeti</a> in 1864. </p><p>In 1853, <i>The Times</i> of London noted that "Toultcha" was "the last fortified place held by the Turks on the Danube, and which has a garrison of 1,200 men."<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Turkish_War_(1877%E2%80%931878)" title="Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)">Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878</a>, Northern Dobruja and specially Tulcea would be the sites of massacres and conflicts between Muslim <a href="/wiki/Circassians" title="Circassians">Circassians</a> and Christian Bulgarians, Russians, and Ukrainians. The <a href="/wiki/Circassians_in_Romania" title="Circassians in Romania">Circassians of Dobruja</a> had settled there in 1864 after the <a href="/wiki/Circassian_genocide" title="Circassian genocide">Circassian genocide</a>, and through their raids to other peoples of the region and handing over part of their gains to the Ottoman authorities, they would end up indirectly financing the construction of buildings that still stand in Tulcea today: the modern <a href="/wiki/Tulcea_Art_Museum" title="Tulcea Art Museum">Tulcea Art Museum</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Azizyie_Mosque" title="Azizyie Mosque">Azizyie Mosque</a>. The Dobrujan Circassians were expelled from the region after the end of the war.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1878, after the end of the war, Tulcea was awarded to Romania, together with the rest of Northern Dobruja (see <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Berlin" title="Congress of Berlin">Congress of Berlin</a>). Tulcea was occupied by the <a href="/wiki/Central_Powers" title="Central Powers">Central Powers</a> between 1916–1918 during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, and became part of their condominium following the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Bucharest_(1918)" title="Treaty of Bucharest (1918)">Treaty of Bucharest</a> in May 1918 (until November 1918). During that time, the statue of <a href="/wiki/Mircea_I_of_Wallachia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mircea I of Wallachia">Mircea the Elder</a> was taken down by <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Bulgaria">Bulgarian</a> troops, since it was during his reign that <a href="/wiki/Dobruja" title="Dobruja">Dobruja</a> was incorporated into <a href="/wiki/Wallachia" title="Wallachia">Wallachia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulcea&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tulcea's climate is transitional between <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">continental</a> and <a href="/wiki/Temperate_climate" title="Temperate climate"> temperate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Dfa/Cfa</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with cold winters and hot summers. Daily minimum temperatures drop below 0 °C (32 °F) for roughly 79.5 days per year from October to April, with 17.2 days where the daily maximum temperature is also below 0 °C (32 °F). Snow cover, on average, is observed for 27.6 days per year.<sup id="cite_ref-WMONormals_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WMONormals-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Tulcea (1991–2020) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.5<br />(74.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.6<br />(83.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.1<br />(88.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.1<br />(97.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.3<br />(97.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF0B00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.9<br />(103.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF0B00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.8<br />(103.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.7<br />(94.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.0<br />(89.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.7<br />(78.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4<br />(66.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF0B00; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">39.9<br />(103.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2<br />(43.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1<br />(52.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br />(63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.2<br />(73.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.5<br />(81.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF5100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.7<br />(85.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.6<br />(85.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.1<br />(75.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA347; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.8<br />(64.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2<br />(52.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.5<br />(41.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">17.2<br />(63.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(32.0) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6<br />(34.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6ED; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8<br />(42.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFCF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4<br />(52.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7<br />(71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.7<br />(74.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1<br />(73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.7<br />(63.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0<br />(53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFE0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7<br />(44.1) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7<br />(35.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC99; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">11.9<br />(53.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #D4D4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.3<br />(26.1) </td> <td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.0<br />(28.4) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6<br />(34.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFF2E6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3<br />(43.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6<br />(52.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB164; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.7<br />(60.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA44A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.6<br />(63.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA954; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.9<br />(62.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC994; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.2<br />(54.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4<br />(45.3) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.1<br />(37.6) </td> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.6<br />(29.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDB; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">7.1<br />(44.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #8080FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−18.9<br />(−2.0) </td> <td style="background: #9090FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−15.9<br />(3.4) </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.0<br />(23.0) </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8<br />(33.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFFEFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6<br />(40.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6<br />(49.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1<br />(46.6) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6<br />(33.1) </td> <td style="background: #BDBDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.6<br />(18.3) </td> <td style="background: #9E9EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−13.4<br />(7.9) </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−20.7<br />(−5.3) </td> <td style="background: #7575FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−20.9<br />(−5.6) </td> <td style="background: #7575FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−20.9<br />(−5.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #CAFFCA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.3<br />(1.39) </td> <td style="background: #D3FFD3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.6<br />(1.05) </td> <td style="background: #CDFFCD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.3<br />(1.31) </td> <td style="background: #C6FFC6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.4<br />(1.43) </td> <td style="background: #BDFFBD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.7<br />(1.72) </td> <td style="background: #A6FFA6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.2<br />(2.25) </td> <td style="background: #A8FFA8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.0<br />(2.28) </td> <td style="background: #D0FFD0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.5<br />(1.24) </td> <td style="background: #BAFFBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.8<br />(1.76) </td> <td style="background: #BCFFBC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.3<br />(1.74) </td> <td style="background: #BFFFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41.2<br />(1.62) </td> <td style="background: #C0FFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41.9<br />(1.65) </td> <td style="background: #C0FFC0; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">494.2<br />(19.46) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #C2C2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.9 </td> <td style="background: #BBBBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0 </td> <td style="background: #BCBCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.4 </td> <td style="background: #B3B3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.9 </td> <td style="background: #B1B1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3 </td> <td style="background: #B2B2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0 </td> <td style="background: #BCBCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.4 </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6 </td> <td style="background: #C8C8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.3 </td> <td style="background: #C7C7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5 </td> <td style="background: #C3C3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.7 </td> <td style="background: #B3B3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1 </td> <td style="background: #BDBDFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">62.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #939393; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80.9 </td> <td style="background: #B7B759; color:#000000;" class="notheme">111.5 </td> <td style="background: #C8C800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">159.2 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">212.3 </td> <td style="background: #EAEA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">280.4 </td> <td style="background: #F2F214; color:#000000;" class="notheme">306.7 </td> <td style="background: #F7F721; color:#000000;" class="notheme">339.7 </td> <td style="background: #F1F113; color:#000000;" class="notheme">314.3 </td> <td style="background: #E0E000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">232.0 </td> <td style="background: #CACA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">163.9 </td> <td style="background: #ABABA2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">92.8 </td> <td style="background: #8C8C8C; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77.1 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,370.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">NOAA</a><sup id="cite_ref-WMONormals_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WMONormals-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulcea&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the <a href="/wiki/2021_Romanian_census" title="2021 Romanian census">2021 census</a> Tulcea had a population of 65,624 with a majority of <a href="/wiki/Romanians" title="Romanians">Romanians</a> (74.83%) with minorities of <a href="/wiki/Lipovans" title="Lipovans">Lipovans</a> (1.9%), <a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Roma</a> (1.57%), <a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Europe" title="Turks in Europe">Turks</a> (0.67%), <a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Ukrainians</a> (0.42%), <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greeks</a> (0.27%), <a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarians</a> (0.03%), others (0.38%) and unknown (19.93%). </p><p>At the <a href="/wiki/2011_Romanian_census" title="2011 Romanian census">2011 census</a> Tulcea had a population of 73,707 with a majority of <a href="/wiki/Romanians" title="Romanians">Romanians</a> (83.37%) with minorities of <a href="/wiki/Lipovans" title="Lipovans">Lipovans</a> (2.36%), <a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Roma</a> (1.29%), <a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Europe" title="Turks in Europe">Turks</a> (1.11%), <a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Ukrainians</a> (0.51%), <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greeks</a> (0.28%), <a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarians</a> (0.02%), others (0.53%) and unknown (10.53%). </p><p>Most of the indigenous <a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarians</a> left the city after the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Craiova" title="Treaty of Craiova">Treaty of Craiova</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1912 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">21,727</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1930 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">20,403</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−6.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1948 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">21,642</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1956 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">24,639</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+13.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1966 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">35,561</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+44.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1977 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">61,729</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+73.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1992 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">97,904</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+58.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2002 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">92,762</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−5.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2011 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">73,707</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−20.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2021 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">65,624</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−11.0%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: Census data</td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Ethnicity </th> <th>2011 </th> <th>2021 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Total </td> <td>73,707 </td> <td>65,624 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Romanian </td> <td>61,451 (83.37%) </td> <td>49,108 (74.83%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lipovans" title="Lipovans">Lipovan</a> </td> <td>1,738 (2.36%) </td> <td>1,244 (1.9%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Roma</a> </td> <td>953 (1.29%) </td> <td>1,031 (1.57%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turkish</a> </td> <td>819 (1.11%) </td> <td>438 (0.67%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Ukrainian</a> </td> <td>376 (0.51%) </td> <td>278 (0.42%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greek</a> </td> <td>208 (0.28%) </td> <td>178 (0.27%) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bulgarians" title="Bulgarians">Bulgarian</a> </td> <td>15 (0.02%) </td> <td>17 (0.03%) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Others </td> <td>385 (0.53%) </td> <td>251 (0.38%) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Unknown </td> <td>7762 (10.53%) </td> <td>13,079 (19.93%) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulcea&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tulcea is the site of the "George Georgescu Contest", a music competition created by teachers at the Tulcea Arts High School and held annually since 1992. Named in honor of the conductor <a href="/wiki/George_Georgescu" title="George Georgescu">George Georgescu</a> (1887–1964), an important figure in the development of Romanian classical music who was born in the Tulcea county, the contest was at first open only to Romanian music school and high school students but began admitting international students in 1995. Organizers include the Romanian Ministry of Education and Youth, the Education Board of Tulcea County, the Tulcea County Council, the Tulcea Mayoralty, and surviving members of Georgescu's family.<sup id="cite_ref-Contest2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Contest2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Puerto_de_Tulcea,_Ruman%C3%ADa,_2016-05-28,_DD_42.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Puerto_de_Tulcea%2C_Ruman%C3%ADa%2C_2016-05-28%2C_DD_42.jpg/220px-Puerto_de_Tulcea%2C_Ruman%C3%ADa%2C_2016-05-28%2C_DD_42.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Puerto_de_Tulcea%2C_Ruman%C3%ADa%2C_2016-05-28%2C_DD_42.jpg/330px-Puerto_de_Tulcea%2C_Ruman%C3%ADa%2C_2016-05-28%2C_DD_42.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Puerto_de_Tulcea%2C_Ruman%C3%ADa%2C_2016-05-28%2C_DD_42.jpg/440px-Puerto_de_Tulcea%2C_Ruman%C3%ADa%2C_2016-05-28%2C_DD_42.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7967" data-file-height="3613" /></a><figcaption>Port of Tulcea (2016)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tulcea-19thcentury-BGRod.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Tulcea-19thcentury-BGRod.png/300px-Tulcea-19thcentury-BGRod.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Tulcea-19thcentury-BGRod.png 1.5x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="246" /></a><figcaption>Tulcea at the end of the 19th century</figcaption></figure> <p>The Monument of Independence represents one of the main attractions of the city, because of its placement and of the panoramic view that it offers. It is located on the same hill as the ruins of Aegyssus and the history museum. The monument itself is represented by an obelisk with a statue of an eagle on one side and the statue of a soldier on the other. The monument was erected to commemorate the <a href="/wiki/Romanian_War_of_Independence" title="Romanian War of Independence">War of Independence</a> that made Dobruja part of Romania. Construction began on October 17, 1879, in the presence of Prince <a href="/wiki/Carol_I_of_Romania" title="Carol I of Romania">Carol I of Romania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Monument_at_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/The_Monument_at_night.jpg/220px-The_Monument_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/The_Monument_at_night.jpg/330px-The_Monument_at_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/The_Monument_at_night.jpg/440px-The_Monument_at_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>The Monument of independence - Tulcea</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:View_from_the_monument_hill_Tulcea.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/View_from_the_monument_hill_Tulcea.jpg/220px-View_from_the_monument_hill_Tulcea.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/View_from_the_monument_hill_Tulcea.jpg/330px-View_from_the_monument_hill_Tulcea.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/View_from_the_monument_hill_Tulcea.jpg/440px-View_from_the_monument_hill_Tulcea.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>The city viewed from the top of the monument hill at night</figcaption></figure> <p>The main high school is the <a href="/wiki/Spiru_Haret_Dobrujan_College" title="Spiru Haret Dobrujan College">Spiru Haret Dobrujan College</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulcea&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crin_Antonescu" title="Crin Antonescu">Crin Antonescu</a> (born 1959), former <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_of_Romania" title="President of the Senate of Romania">President</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Romania" title="Senate of Romania">Senate of Romania</a> and acting <a href="/wiki/President_of_Romania" title="President of Romania">President of Romania</a> in 2012</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Boulanger_(violinist)" title="Georges Boulanger (violinist)">Georges Boulanger</a> (1893–1958), violinist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Ciucurencu" title="Alexandru Ciucurencu">Alexandru Ciucurencu</a> (1903–1977), painter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Karadzha" title="Stefan Karadzha">Stefan Karadzha</a> (1840–1868), Bulgarian revolutionary, studied in Tulcea and is associated with the town</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grigore_Moisil" title="Grigore Moisil">Grigore Moisil</a> (1906–1973), mathematician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitar_Petkov" title="Dimitar Petkov">Dimitar Petkov</a> (1858–1907), Bulgarian Prime Minister</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirela_Roznoveanu" title="Mirela Roznoveanu">Mirela Roznoveanu</a> (born 1947), literary critic, writer, and journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentin_Serbu" title="Valentin Serbu">Valentin Serbu</a> (1934–1994), writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tora_Vasilescu" title="Tora Vasilescu">Tora Vasilescu</a> (born 1951), actress</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"><span id="Twin_towns_.E2.80.93_sister_cities"></span>Twin towns – sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulcea&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Twin towns – sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Romania" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Romania">List of twin towns and sister cities in Romania</a></div> <p>Tulcea is <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinned</a> with:<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Aalborg" title="Aalborg">Aalborg</a>, Denmark</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Altena,_North_Brabant" title="Altena, North Brabant">Altena</a>, Netherlands</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Amasya" title="Amasya">Amasya</a>, Turkey</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Aprilia,_Lazio" title="Aprilia, Lazio">Aprilia</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fratta_Polesine" title="Fratta Polesine">Fratta Polesine</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ilion,_Greece" title="Ilion, Greece">Ilion</a>, Greece</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Izmail" title="Izmail">Izmail</a>, Ukraine</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Larnaca" title="Larnaca">Larnaca</a>, Cyprus</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mudanya" title="Mudanya">Mudanya</a>, Turkey</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rovigo" title="Rovigo">Rovigo</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Shumen_Municipality" title="Shumen Municipality">Shumen</a>, Bulgaria</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulcea&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Notes</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://prezenta.roaep.ro/locale27092020/romania-pv-final">"Results of the 2020 local elections"</a>. Central Electoral Bureau. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201009164915/https://prezenta.roaep.ro/locale27092020/romania-pv-final">Archived</a> from the original on October 9, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Results+of+the+2020+local+elections&rft.pub=Central+Electoral+Bureau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fprezenta.roaep.ro%2Flocale27092020%2Fromania-pv-final&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATulcea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.recensamantromania.ro/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Tabel-1.03_1.3.1-si-1.03.2.xls">"Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(XLS)</span>. <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Statistics_(Romania)" title="National Institute of Statistics (Romania)">National Institute of Statistics</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Popula%C5%A3ia+rezident%C4%83+dup%C4%83+grupa+de+v%C3%A2rst%C4%83%2C+pe+jude%C8%9Be+%C8%99i+municipii%2C+ora%C8%99e%2C+comune%2C+la+1+decembrie+2021&rft.pub=National+Institute+of+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.recensamantromania.ro%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2023%2F05%2FTabel-1.03_1.3.1-si-1.03.2.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATulcea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlexeBărbulescuDascăluIoniță2021" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Alexe, Virginia; Bărbulescu, Gabriela; Dascălu, Violeta; Ioniță, Daniela (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edu.litera.ro/manuale/2021_404_GEO4/GEO4_HU.pdf"><i>Földrajz: Tankönyv a IV. osztály számára</i></a> [<i>Geography: Textbook for grade four</i>] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Hungarian). Translated by Opra, Zsuzsanna-Maria; Albert, Andreea; Deregan, Sidonia. Bucharest: Litera. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-606-33-8271-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-606-33-8271-0"><bdi>978-606-33-8271-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220807152302/https://edu.litera.ro/manuale/2021_404_GEO4/GEO4_HU.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on August 7, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=F%C3%B6ldrajz%3A+Tank%C3%B6nyv+a+IV.+oszt%C3%A1ly+sz%C3%A1m%C3%A1ra&rft.place=Bucharest&rft.pub=Litera&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-606-33-8271-0&rft.aulast=Alexe&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft.au=B%C4%83rbulescu%2C+Gabriela&rft.au=Dasc%C4%83lu%2C+Violeta&rft.au=Ioni%C8%9B%C4%83%2C+Daniela&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedu.litera.ro%2Fmanuale%2F2021_404_GEO4%2FGEO4_HU.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATulcea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/239#4.7.1">"Procopius, On Buildings, §4.7.1"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230719045122/https://topostext.org/work/239#4.7.1">Archived</a> from the original on July 19, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 23,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Procopius%2C+On+Buildings%2C+%C2%A74.7.1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftopostext.org%2Fwork%2F239%234.7.1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATulcea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ovid Ex Ponto 4.9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ovid Ex Ponto 4.9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stanica-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stanica_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stanica_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stanica_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stanica_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStănică2004" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Stănică, Aurel (2004). "Tulcea. Un centru economic la Dunărea de Jos în secolul al XVI-lea". <i>Peuce</i>. S.N. II(XV). Tulcea: Institutul de Cercetări Eco-Muzeale: 199. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0258-8102">0258-8102</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Peuce&rft.atitle=Tulcea.+Un+centru+economic+la+Dun%C4%83rea+de+Jos+%C3%AEn+secolul+al+XVI-lea&rft.volume=II%28XV%29&rft.pages=199&rft.date=2004&rft.issn=0258-8102&rft.aulast=St%C4%83nic%C4%83&rft.aufirst=Aurel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATulcea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/viewArticle.arc?articleId=ARCHIVE-The_Times-1853-12-29-08-004&pageId=ARCHIVE-The_Times-1853-12-29-08">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"The Seat of War on the Danube", <i>The Times</i>, December 29, page 8"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230116061605/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/">Archived</a> from the original on January 16, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 17,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22The+Seat+of+War+on+the+Danube%22%2C+The+Times%2C+December+29%2C+page+8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Ftto%2FviewArticle.arc%3FarticleId%3DARCHIVE-The_Times-1853-12-29-08-004%26pageId%3DARCHIVE-The_Times-1853-12-29-08&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATulcea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTița2018" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tița, Diana (September 16, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.historia.ro/sectiune/general/articol/povestea-dramatica-a-cerchezilor-din-dobrogea">"Povestea dramatică a cerchezilor din Dobrogea"</a>. <i>Historia</i> (in Romanian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220415011025/https://www.historia.ro/sectiune/general/articol/povestea-dramatica-a-cerchezilor-din-dobrogea">Archived</a> from the original on April 15, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 12,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Historia&rft.atitle=Povestea+dramatic%C4%83+a+cerchezilor+din+Dobrogea&rft.date=2018-09-16&rft.aulast=Ti%C8%9Ba&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.historia.ro%2Fsectiune%2Fgeneral%2Farticol%2Fpovestea-dramatica-a-cerchezilor-din-dobrogea&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATulcea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFati2020" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Fati, Sabina (June 11, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://romania.europalibera.org/a/stergerea-memoriei-sau-rescrierea-istoriei-cand-a-daramat-romania-prima-statuie/30665862.html">"Ștergerea memoriei sau rescrierea istoriei. Când a dărâmat România prima statuie"</a>. <i>Europa Liberă România</i> (in Romanian). <a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Europe/Radio_Liberty" title="Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty">Radio Free Europe</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200611213109/https://romania.europalibera.org/a/stergerea-memoriei-sau-rescrierea-istoriei-cand-a-daramat-romania-prima-statuie/30665862.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 3,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Europa+Liber%C4%83+Rom%C3%A2nia&rft.atitle=%C8%98tergerea+memoriei+sau+rescrierea+istoriei.+C%C3%A2nd+a+d%C4%83r%C3%A2mat+Rom%C3%A2nia+prima+statuie&rft.date=2020-06-11&rft.aulast=Fati&rft.aufirst=Sabina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fromania.europalibera.org%2Fa%2Fstergerea-memoriei-sau-rescrierea-istoriei-cand-a-daramat-romania-prima-statuie%2F30665862.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATulcea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-023-02549-6/tables/1">"Table 1 Overview of the Köppen-Geiger climate classes including the defining criteria"</a>. <i>Nature: Scientific Data</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240105151210/https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-023-02549-6/tables/1">Archived</a> from the original on January 5, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature%3A+Scientific+Data&rft.atitle=Table+1+Overview+of+the+K%C3%B6ppen-Geiger+climate+classes+including+the+defining+criteria.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41597-023-02549-6%2Ftables%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATulcea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WMONormals-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WMONormals_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WMONormals_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Romania/CSV/Tulcea_15335.csv">"World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Tulcea"</a>. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240112051719/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-6-WMO-Normals-9120/Romania/CSV/Tulcea_15335.csv">Archived</a> from the original on January 12, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Meteorological+Organization+Climate+Normals+for+1991-2020+%E2%80%94+Tulcea&rft.pub=National+Oceanic+and+Atmospheric+Administration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nodc.noaa.gov%2Farchive%2Farc0216%2F0253808%2F2.2%2Fdata%2F0-data%2FRegion-6-WMO-Normals-9120%2FRomania%2FCSV%2FTulcea_15335.csv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATulcea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Contest2-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Contest2_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.concursulgeorgegeorgescu.ro/istoricen.html">Historical notes of Concursul George Georgescu 2008 International Contest for Performing Artists, Tulcea, Romania accessed March 29, 2009</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111006223728/http://www.concursulgeorgegeorgescu.ro/istoricen.html">Archived</a> October 6, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308081956/https://www.info-delta.ro/vestigii-istorice-39/monumentul-independentei---tulcea-94.html">"Monumentul Independenței – Tulcea"</a> (in Romanian). November 3, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.info-delta.ro/vestigii-istorice-39/monumentul-independentei---tulcea-94.html">the original</a> on March 8, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 31,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monumentul+Independen%C8%9Bei+%E2%80%93+Tulcea&rft.date=2008-11-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.info-delta.ro%2Fvestigii-istorice-39%2Fmonumentul-independentei---tulcea-94.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATulcea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.primariatulcea.ro/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Strategia_Dezv_Tulcea_FINAL.pdf">"Strategia de dezvoltare a municipiului Tulcea 2014–2020"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>primariatulcea.ro</i> (in Romanian). Tulcea. p. 89. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112204004/https://www.primariatulcea.ro/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Strategia_Dezv_Tulcea_FINAL.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on November 12, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 5,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=primariatulcea.ro&rft.atitle=Strategia+de+dezvoltare+a+municipiului+Tulcea+2014%E2%80%932020&rft.pages=89&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.primariatulcea.ro%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F02%2FStrategia_Dezv_Tulcea_FINAL.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATulcea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><b>Bibliography</b> </p> <ul><li>Brătianu, G. I., Les Bulgares à Cetatea Albă (Akkerman) au debut du XIVeme siècle-Byz, 2, 1926, 153-168</li> <li>Laiou, A. E., Constantinople and the Latins (Foreign Policy of Andronicus II, 1282–1328). Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1972.</li> <li>Nicephorus, p. 34</li> <li>Theophanes, p. 357-358</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tulcea&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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title="Communes of Romania">Communes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baia,_Tulcea" title="Baia, Tulcea">Baia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beidaud" title="Beidaud">Beidaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Be%C8%99tepe,_Tulcea" title="Beștepe, Tulcea">Beștepe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._A._Rosetti,_Tulcea" title="C. A. Rosetti, Tulcea">C.A. Rosetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carcaliu" title="Carcaliu">Carcaliu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casimcea" title="Casimcea">Casimcea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceamurlia_de_Jos" title="Ceamurlia de Jos">Ceamurlia de Jos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceatalchioi" title="Ceatalchioi">Ceatalchioi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerna,_Tulcea" title="Cerna, Tulcea">Cerna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilia_Veche" title="Chilia Veche">Chilia Veche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciucurova" title="Ciucurova">Ciucurova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cri%C8%99an,_Tulcea" title="Crișan, Tulcea">Crișan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%83eni" title="Dăeni">Dăeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doroban%C8%9Bu,_Tulcea" title="Dorobanțu, Tulcea">Dorobanțu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frec%C4%83%C8%9Bei,_Tulcea" title="Frecăței, Tulcea">Frecăței</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greci,_Tulcea" title="Greci, Tulcea">Greci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grindu,_Tulcea" title="Grindu, Tulcea">Grindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamcearca" title="Hamcearca">Hamcearca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horia,_Tulcea" title="Horia, Tulcea">Horia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I._C._Br%C4%83tianu,_Tulcea" title="I. C. Brătianu, Tulcea">I.C. Brătianu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izvoarele,_Tulcea" title="Izvoarele, Tulcea">Izvoarele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jijila" title="Jijila">Jijila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jurilovca" title="Jurilovca">Jurilovca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luncavi%C8%9Ba,_Tulcea" title="Luncavița, Tulcea">Luncavița</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmudia" title="Mahmudia">Mahmudia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maliuc" title="Maliuc">Maliuc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihai_Bravu,_Tulcea" title="Mihai Bravu, Tulcea">Mihai Bravu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihail_Kog%C4%83lniceanu,_Tulcea" title="Mihail Kogălniceanu, Tulcea">Mihai Kogălniceanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murighiol" title="Murighiol">Murighiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nalbant" title="Nalbant">Nalbant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niculi%C8%9Bel" title="Niculițel">Niculițel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuf%C4%83ru" title="Nufăru">Nufăru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrov,_Tulcea" title="Ostrov, Tulcea">Ostrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pardina,_Tulcea" title="Pardina, Tulcea">Pardina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peceneaga" title="Peceneaga">Peceneaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarichioi" title="Sarichioi">Sarichioi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sf%C3%A2ntu_Gheorghe,_Tulcea" title="Sfântu Gheorghe, Tulcea">Sfântu Gheorghe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slava_Cerchez%C4%83" title="Slava Cercheză">Slava Cercheză</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%A2rdan,_Tulcea" title="Smârdan, Tulcea">Smârdan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somova" title="Somova">Somova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stejaru,_Tulcea" title="Stejaru, Tulcea">Stejaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topolog,_Tulcea" title="Topolog, Tulcea">Topolog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turcoaia" title="Turcoaia">Turcoaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C4%83c%C4%83reni" title="Văcăreni">Văcăreni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valea_Nucarilor" title="Valea Nucarilor">Valea Nucarilor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valea_Teilor" title="Valea Teilor">Valea Teilor</a></li></ul> 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talk:RoJudCapitals"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:RoJudCapitals" title="Special:EditPage/Template:RoJudCapitals"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="County_seats_of_Romania_(alphabetical_order_by_county)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Romania" title="Counties of Romania">County seats</a> of <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> <small>(alphabetical order by county)</small></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alba_Iulia" title="Alba Iulia">Alba Iulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arad,_Romania" title="Arad, Romania">Arad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pite%C8%99ti" title="Pitești">Pitești</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bac%C4%83u" title="Bacău">Bacău</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oradea" title="Oradea">Oradea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bistri%C8%9Ba" title="Bistrița">Bistrița</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boto%C8%99ani" title="Botoșani">Botoșani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bra%C8%99ov" title="Brașov">Brașov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Br%C4%83ila" title="Brăila">Brăila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buz%C4%83u" title="Buzău">Buzău</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Re%C8%99i%C8%9Ba" title="Reșița">Reșița</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C4%83l%C4%83ra%C8%99i" title="Călărași">Călărași</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cluj-Napoca" title="Cluj-Napoca">Cluj-Napoca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constan%C8%9Ba" title="Constanța">Constanța</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sf%C3%A2ntu_Gheorghe" title="Sfântu Gheorghe">Sfântu Gheorghe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A2rgovi%C8%99te" title="Târgoviște">Târgoviște</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craiova" title="Craiova">Craiova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gala%C8%9Bi" title="Galați">Galați</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giurgiu" title="Giurgiu">Giurgiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A2rgu_Jiu" title="Târgu Jiu">Târgu Jiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miercurea_Ciuc" title="Miercurea Ciuc">Miercurea Ciuc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deva,_Romania" title="Deva, Romania">Deva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slobozia" title="Slobozia">Slobozia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ia%C8%99i" title="Iași">Iași</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baia_Mare" title="Baia Mare">Baia Mare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drobeta-Turnu_Severin" title="Drobeta-Turnu Severin">Drobeta-Turnu Severin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A2rgu_Mure%C8%99" title="Târgu Mureș">Târgu Mureș</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piatra_Neam%C8%9B" title="Piatra Neamț">Piatra Neamț</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slatina,_Romania" title="Slatina, Romania">Slatina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ploie%C8%99ti" title="Ploiești">Ploiești</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satu_Mare" title="Satu Mare">Satu Mare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zal%C4%83u" title="Zalău">Zalău</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibiu" title="Sibiu">Sibiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suceava" title="Suceava">Suceava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandria,_Romania" title="Alexandria, Romania">Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timi%C8%99oara" title="Timișoara">Timișoara</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tulcea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaslui" title="Vaslui">Vaslui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A2mnicu_V%C3%A2lcea" title="Râmnicu Vâlcea">Râmnicu Vâlcea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foc%C8%99ani" title="Focșani">Focșani</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a> <small>(national capital)</small></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Romania.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/70px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/105px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/140px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Danube" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Danube" title="Template:Danube"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Danube" title="Template talk:Danube"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Danube" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Danube"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Danube" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">The Danube</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Germany" title="Geography of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Austria" title="Geography of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Slovakia" title="Geography of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Hungary" title="Geography of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Croatia" title="Geography of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Serbia" title="Geography of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Bulgaria" title="Geography of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Romania" title="Geography of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Moldova" title="Geography of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Ukraine" title="Geography of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding-left: 0.5em;"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Danubemap.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map indicating the Danube"><img alt="Map indicating the Danube" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Danubemap.png/120px-Danubemap.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Danubemap.png/180px-Danubemap.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Danubemap.png/240px-Danubemap.png 2x" data-file-width="747" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ulm" title="Ulm">Ulm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingolstadt" title="Ingolstadt">Ingolstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regensburg" title="Regensburg">Regensburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passau" title="Passau">Passau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linz" title="Linz">Linz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bratislava" title="Bratislava">Bratislava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C5%91r" title="Győr">Győr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vukovar" title="Vukovar">Vukovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smederevo" title="Smederevo">Smederevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidin" title="Vidin">Vidin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruse,_Bulgaria" title="Ruse, Bulgaria">Ruse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silistra" title="Silistra">Silistra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Br%C4%83ila" title="Brăila">Brăila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gala%C8%9Bi" title="Galați">Galați</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reni,_Ukraine" title="Reni, Ukraine">Reni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izmail" title="Izmail">Izmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiliia" title="Kiliia">Kiliia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tulcea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_tributaries_of_the_Danube" title="List of tributaries of the Danube">Tributaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iller" title="Iller">Iller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lech_(river)" title="Lech (river)">Lech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regen_(river)" title="Regen (river)">Regen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isar" title="Isar">Isar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inn_(river)" title="Inn (river)">Inn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morava_(river)" title="Morava (river)">Morava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1h" title="Váh">Váh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hron" title="Hron">Hron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipe%C4%BE" title="Ipeľ">Ipeľ/Ipoly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drava" title="Drava">Drava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tisza" title="Tisza">Tisza/Tisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sava" title="Sava">Sava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timi%C8%99_(river)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timiș (river)">Timiș/Tamiš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Morava" title="Great Morava">Great Morava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timok" title="Timok">Timok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiu_(river)" title="Jiu (river)">Jiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iskar_(river)" title="Iskar (river)">Iskar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vit_(river)" title="Vit (river)">Vit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olt_(river)" title="Olt (river)">Olt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osam" title="Osam">Osam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yantra_(river)" title="Yantra (river)">Yantra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedea" title="Vedea">Vedea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arge%C8%99_(river)" title="Argeș (river)">Argeș</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ialomi%C8%9Ba_(river)" title="Ialomița (river)">Ialomița</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siret_(river)" title="Siret (river)">Siret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prut" title="Prut">Prut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rhine%E2%80%93Main%E2%80%93Danube_Canal" title="Rhine–Main–Danube Canal">Rhine–Main–Danube Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danube%E2%80%93Black_Sea_Canal" title="Danube–Black Sea Canal">Danube–Black Sea Canal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breg_(river)" title="Breg (river)">Breg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigach" title="Brigach">Brigach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Source_of_the_Danube" title="Source of the Danube">Source</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danube_Bend" title="Danube Bend">Danube Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danube_Delta" title="Danube Delta">Danube Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Danube" title="List of islands in the Danube">List of islands in the Danube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_crossings_of_the_Danube" title="List of crossings of the Danube">List of crossings of the Danube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalization_of_the_Danube_River" title="Internationalization of the Danube River">Internationalization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11585#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11585#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11585#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/238748861">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4346866-4">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Tulcea (Rumunsko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge1161227&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/tulca">İslâm Ansiklopedisi</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" 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