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O. Onabajo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20O.%20Abioja"> M. O. Abioja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20O.%20Sorungbe"> F. O. Sorungbe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20E.%20Oyetunji"> D. E. Oyetunji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20A.%20Abiona"> J. A. Abiona</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20O.%20Ladokun"> A. O. Ladokun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20M.%20Onagbesan"> O. M. Onagbesan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different dietary inclusion levels of Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOLP) on growth and physiological responses of broiler chickens during hot-dry season in Nigeria. Two hundred and forty (240) day-old commercial broiler chicks were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments having four replicates each. Each replicate had 15 birds. The levels of inclusion were 0g (Control group), 4g, 8g and 12g/Kg feed. The experiment lasted for eight weeks. The results of the study revealed that the initial body weight was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in birds fed 12g/kg diet than those fed 0, 4, and 8g MOLP. The birds fed 0, 4 and 8g/kg diet however had similar weights. The final body weight was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the birds fed 12g MOLP than those fed 0, 4 and 8g MOLP. The final weights were similar in the birds fed 4 and 8g/kg diet but higher (P < 0.05) than those of the birds in the control group. The body weight gain was similar in birds fed 0 and 4g MOLP but significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of the birds in 12g/kg diet. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the feed intake. The serum albumin of the birds fed 12g MOLP/Kg diet (48.85g/L) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the mean value of those fed the control diet 0 and 8g MOLP/Kg diets having 36.05 and 37.10g/L respectively. Birds fed 12g MOLP/Kg feed recorded the lowest level of triglyceride (122.75g/L) which was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of the birds fed 0 and 4g/kg diet MOLP. The serum corticosterone decreased with increase in MOLP inclusion levels. The birds fed 12g MOLP had the least value. This study has shown that MOLP may contain potent antioxidants capable of ameliorating the effects of heat stress in broiler chickens with 12g MOLP inclusion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiology" title="physiology">physiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20stress" title=" heat stress"> heat stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-oxidant" title=" anti-oxidant"> anti-oxidant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26533/effect-of-inclusion-of-moringa-oleifera-leaf-on-physiological-responses-of-broiler-chickens-at-finisher-phase-during-hot-dry-season" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26533.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9276</span> Changes in Some Biochemical Parameters and Body Weight of Chicken Exposed to Cadmium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Saeed%20Ali">Khaled Saeed Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was conducted with 3 week old domestic chicken to determine the effect of supplementation of cadmium to dietary. 10 mg/kg Cadmium chloride added to maize- sesame cake meal diet for 4 weeks. The additional cadmium to the diet induced a decreasing body weight and changes in biochemical parameters of chicken. Chicken were divided into two groups. The first group was given a diet containing the concentration of 10 mg cadmium /kg daily for a period of 30 days and the second group was given diet without cadmium and used as a control group. The result revealed decrease in the body weight of treated chicken by 12.7 % compared to control group, whose body weight increased. The plasma glucose concentration, creatinine, aspartate aminotranseferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were increased significantly (P<0.05) in Cd treated chicken in comparison to the control group. Cadmium accumulation was observed in the intestine, kidney, liver and bone. The accumulation of cadmium was markedly higher (3-4 times) in cadmium-treated animals compared to the control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadmium" title="cadmium">cadmium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biochemical%20parameters" title=" biochemical parameters"> biochemical parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20weight" title=" body weight"> body weight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chicken" title=" chicken"> chicken</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16827/changes-in-some-biochemical-parameters-and-body-weight-of-chicken-exposed-to-cadmium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16827.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">476</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9275</span> Effect of Bacillus subtilis Pb6 on Growth and Gut Microflora in Clostridium perfringens Challenged Broilers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Khalique">A. Khalique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Naseem"> T. Naseem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Haque"> N. Haque</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Rasool"> Z. Rasool</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of current study was to investigate the effect of <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> PB6 (CloSTAT) as a probiotic in broilers. The corn-soybean based diet was divided into four treatment groups; T1 (basal diet with no probiotic and no <em>Clostridium perfringens</em>); T2 (basal diet challenged with <em>C. perfringens</em> without probiotic); T3 (basal diet challenged with <em>C. perfringens</em> having 0.05% probiotic); T4 (basal diet challenged with <em>C. perfringens</em> having 0.1% probiotic). Every treatment group had four replicates with 24 birds each. Body weight and feed intake were measured on weekly basis, while ileal bacterial count was recorded on day-28 following <em>Clostridium</em> <em>perfringens</em> challenge. The 0.1% probiotic treatment showed 7.2% increase in average feed intake (P=0.05) and 8% increase in body weight compared to T2. In 0.1% treatment body weight was 5% higher than T3 (P=0.02). It was also observed that 0.1% treatment had improved feed conversion ratio (1.77) on 6<sup>th</sup> week. No effect of treatment was observed on mortality and ileal bacterial count. The current study indicated that 0.1% use of probiotic had positive response in <em>C. perfringens</em> challenged broilers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bacillus%20subtilis%20PB6" title="Bacillus subtilis PB6">Bacillus subtilis PB6</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibiotic%20growth%20promoters" title=" antibiotic growth promoters"> antibiotic growth promoters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clostridium%20perfringens" title=" Clostridium perfringens"> Clostridium perfringens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broilers" title=" broilers"> broilers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58586/effect-of-bacillus-subtilis-pb6-on-growth-and-gut-microflora-in-clostridium-perfringens-challenged-broilers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58586.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9274</span> Performance and Pellet Quality in Broiler Fed with Different Levels of Fat and Pellet Binders</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Vakili">Reza Vakili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To assess the effect of different levels of soybean oil (SO: 1, 2%) and different types of pellet binders (sodium bentonite (SB), calcium lignosulfonate (Ca-Ls), and plant compounds (PC) on the pellet quality, and broilers’ performance, 480 one-day-old male broiler chickens (Ross 308) were used. The results showed that in the starter diet, the 1-PC group had the highest pellet durability index (PDI) (P<0.05). The PDI of the grower diet containing SB and PC was higher than others (P<0.05). The highest pellet hardness was observed in groups 1-SB, 1-PC, 2-SB, and 2-PC for the starter diet (P<0.05). For the finisher diet, the hardness of pellets containing SB and PC was higher (P<0.05). During the starter phase, the best feed conversion ratio (FCR) was obtained in 1-SB (P<0.05). The lowest and highest daily feed intake was observed in groups 2-PC and 1-SB, respectively, during the finisher phase. During the finisher and whole phases, the most daily body weight gain was observed in the SB group (P<0.05). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bentonite" title="bentonite">bentonite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=birds" title=" birds"> birds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20weight" title=" body weight"> body weight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20processing" title=" feed processing"> feed processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pellet%20durability" title=" pellet durability"> pellet durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soybean%20oil" title=" soybean oil"> soybean oil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189018/performance-and-pellet-quality-in-broiler-fed-with-different-levels-of-fat-and-pellet-binders" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189018.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">52</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9273</span> The Effect of Coconut Oil on Anthropometric Measurements and Irisin Levels in Overweight Individuals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bilge%20Meral%20Koc">Bilge Meral Koc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elvan%20Yilmaz%20Akyuz"> Elvan Yilmaz Akyuz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tugce%20Ozlu"> Tugce Ozlu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to discover the effects of coconut oil intake and diet therapy on anthropometric measurements, biochemical findings and irisin levels in overweight individuals. Materials and Methods: Overweight individuals (n=44, 19-30 years) without any chronic disease were included. In this randomized controlled crossover study, the participants were divided into two groups (Group 1: 23 people, Group 2: 21 people). In the first phase, Group 1 received diet therapy to lose 0.5-1 kg of weight per week and 20 mL of coconut oil/day, while Group 2 only received diet therapy. In the second phase, Group 1 received diet therapy while Group 2 received diet therapy and 20 mL of coconut oil/day. Anthropometric measurements were taken four times. Irisin was measured four times by enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) method and other biochemical findings were measured twice. Statistical analysis was made on SPSS 20. Results: The irisin level decreased significantly when the participants only took coconut oil (p≤0.05). There was a significant decrease in the participants' body weight, body mass index (BMI) level and body fat percentage (p≤0.01). Insulin, total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol, and triglyceride (TG) levels of all participants decreased significantly (p≤0.05). There was no significant difference in irisin level due to body weight loss (p≤0.05); coconut oil provided a significant decrease in irisin level (p≤0.05). Conclusion: Diet therapy and weight loss did not have an effect on irisin level, but coconut oil alone was found to reduce irisin level. Coconut oil had no impact on anthropometric and biochemical findings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coconut%20oil" title="coconut oil">coconut oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diet%20therapy" title=" diet therapy"> diet therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irisin" title=" irisin"> irisin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overweight" title=" overweight"> overweight</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150976/the-effect-of-coconut-oil-on-anthropometric-measurements-and-irisin-levels-in-overweight-individuals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150976.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9272</span> Subclinical Renal Damage Induced by High-Fat Diet in Young Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Larissa%20M.%20Vargas">Larissa M. Vargas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julia%20M.%20Sacchi"> Julia M. Sacchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renata%20O.%20Pereira"> Renata O. Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucas%20%20S.%20Asano"> Lucas S. Asano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iara%20C.%20Ara%C3%BAjo"> Iara C. Araújo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20Fiorino"> Patricia Fiorino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vera%20Farah"> Vera Farah </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of subclinical organ injuries induced by high-fat diet. Male wistar rats (n=5/group) were divided in control diet group (CD), commercial rat chow, and hyperlipidic diet (30% lipids) group (HD) administrated during 8 weeks, starting after weaning. All the procedures followed the rules of the Committee of Research and Ethics of the Mackenzie University (CEUA Nº 077/03/2011). At the end of protocol the animals were euthanized by anesthesia overload and the left kidney was removed. Intrarenal lipid deposition was evaluated by histological analyses with oilred. Kidney slices were stained with picrosirius red to evaluate the area of the Bowman's capsule (AB) and space (SB), and glomerular tuft area (GT). The renal expression of sterol regulatory element–binding protein (SREBP-2) was performed by Western Blotting. Creatinine concentration (serum and urine) and lipid profile were determined by colorimetric kit (Labtest). At the end of the protocol there was no differences in body weight between the groups, however the HD showed a marked increase in lipid deposits, glomeruli and tubules, and biochemical analysis for cholesterol and triglycerides. Moreover, in the kidney, the high-fat diet induced a reduction in the AB (13%), GT (18%) and SB (17%) associated with a reduction in glomerular filtration rate (creatinine clearance). The renal SRBP2 expression was increased in HD group. These data suggests that consumption of high-fat diet starting in childhood is associated with subclinical renal damage and function. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-fat%20diet" title="high-fat diet">high-fat diet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kidney" title=" kidney"> kidney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intrarenal%20lipid%20deposition" title=" intrarenal lipid deposition"> intrarenal lipid deposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SRBP2" title=" SRBP2"> SRBP2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46670/subclinical-renal-damage-induced-by-high-fat-diet-in-young-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46670.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">303</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9271</span> Effect of Many Levels of Undegradable Protein on Performance, Blood Parameters, Colostrum Composition and Lamb Birth Weight in Pregnant Ewes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Magdy%20Danial%20Riad">Maria Magdy Danial Riad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different protein sources with different degradability ratios during late gestation of ewes on colostrum composition and its IgG concentration, body weight change of dams, and birth weight of their lambs. Objectives: 35 multiparous native crossbred ewes (BW= 59±2.5kg) were randomly allocated to five dietary treatments (7 ewes / treatment) for 2 months prior to lambing. Methods: Experimental diets were isonitrogenous (12.27% CP) and isocaloric (2.22 Mcal ME/kg DM). In diet I (the control), solvent extract soybeans (SESM 33% RUP of CP), II feed grade urea (FGU 31% RUP), III slow release urea (SRU 31% RUP). As sources of undegradable protein, extruded expeller SBM-EESM 40 (37% RUP) and extruded expeller SBM-EESM 60 (41% RUP) were used in groups IV and V, respectively. Results showed no significant effect on feed intake, crude protein (CP), metabolizable energy (ME), and body condition score (BCS). Ewes fed the 37% RUP diet gained more (p<0.05) weight compared with ewes fed the 31% RUP diet (5.62 vs. 2.5kg). Ewes in EESM 60 had the highest levels of fat, protein, total solid, solid not fat, and immunoglobulin and the lowest in urea N content (P< 0.05) in colostrum during the first 24hrs after lambing. Conclusions: Protein source and RUP levels in ewes’ diets had no significant effect (P< 0.05) on lambs’ birth weight and ewes' blood biochemical parameters. Increasing the RUP content of diet during late gestation resulted in an increase in colostrum constituents and its IgG level but had no effect on ewes’ performance and their lambs’ outcome. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colostrum" title="colostrum">colostrum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ewes" title=" ewes"> ewes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lambs%20output" title=" lambs output"> lambs output</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy" title=" pregnancy"> pregnancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=undegradable%20protein" title=" undegradable protein"> undegradable protein</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184596/effect-of-many-levels-of-undegradable-protein-on-performance-blood-parameters-colostrum-composition-and-lamb-birth-weight-in-pregnant-ewes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184596.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">56</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9270</span> Performance and Economics of Goats Fed Poultry Litter and Rumen Content</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Mohammed">A. Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Umar"> A. M. Umar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Adamu"> S. H. Adamu </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance and nutrients utilization using 20 entire males of Sahelian goats fed Rumen content (fore-stomach digest) and poultry litter waste (PLW) at various levels of inclusion. The experimental animals were randomly allocated to diet A (Control), B (10% each of FSD and PLW), C (6.67%PLW and 13.33 FSD) and D(13.33% PLW and 6.67% FDS) at the rate of five animals per treatment. After 90 days of feeding trial, It was observed that Diets D had best feed intake and body weight gain which might be due to the good palatability of PLW and less odour of FSD in the diet. Diet C had the least feed cost then followed by diet B and while diet A(control) was more expensive than other treatments. There was the significant difference (P<0.05) between the treatments in the cost of daily feed consumption. Treatment A had the highest value while treatment C recorded the lowest cost of daily feed consumption. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between all treatments in terms of Cost of feed kg/ live weight gain, where treatment B had the highest value while the lowest obtained in treatment D. However, it is recommended that more research trial should be carried out to ascertain the true value of incorporating poultry litter waste and fore-stomach digest. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poultry%20litter" title="poultry litter">poultry litter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rumen%20content" title=" rumen content"> rumen content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weight%20gain" title=" weight gain"> weight gain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economics" title=" economics "> economics </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20033/performance-and-economics-of-goats-fed-poultry-litter-and-rumen-content" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20033.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">647</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9269</span> The Effects of Garlic (Allium sativum) in the Diet on Some Serum Biochemical Parameters of Oscar Fish (Astronotus ocellatus) </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Saghaei">Ali Saghaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Negar%20Ghotbeddin"> Negar Ghotbeddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebrahim%20Rajabzadeh%20Ghatrami"> Ebrahim Rajabzadeh Ghatrami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milad%20Maniat"> Milad Maniat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of herbs as natural additives in fish diets are used to enhance the efficiency and safety systems. The use of herbs, garlic, due to the structure and composition of it has beneficial role in human nutrition and animal nutrition. This study was conducted evaluate the effect different levels of garlic (Allium sativum) powder on the some serum biochemical parameters of Oscar fish (Astronotus ocellatus). Fish were divided into four groups fed on diets containing garlic in different levels; 5 g kg˗1, 10 g kg-1, 20 g kg-1, 30 g kg-1 diet and the control group diet was without garlic. A total number of 300 fish was used and Triplicate groups of Oscar fish with initial weight of 12.43±0.24 g were hand-fed to visual satiation at three meals per day. The experiment extended for two months. Total Protein (TP), Albumin (ALB), Globulin (GLB) and Albumin/Globulin (A/G) ratio, were determined. Based on the results, no significant differences were seen among treatments and control groups during the experimental period for TP, ALB, GLB, and A/G ratio (p > 0.05). Although, the highest amount of serum total protein and globulin levels were observed in diet containing 10 g kg-1 of garlic. Also, the highest value of albumin and A/G were observed in diet containing 20 g kg-1 of garlic, but there were no significant difference with other treatments. The results of this study show that addition of garlic Allium sativum to fish diet can improve fish health. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=garlic%20%28Allium%20sativum%29" title="garlic (Allium sativum)">garlic (Allium sativum)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serum" title=" serum"> serum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oscar%20fish%20%28Astronotus%20ocellatus%29" title=" Oscar fish (Astronotus ocellatus)"> Oscar fish (Astronotus ocellatus)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iran" title=" iran"> iran</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30416/the-effects-of-garlic-allium-sativum-in-the-diet-on-some-serum-biochemical-parameters-of-oscar-fish-astronotus-ocellatus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30416.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">489</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9268</span> Modulation of Lipopolysaccharide Induced Interleukin-17F and Cyclooxygenase-2 Gene Expression by Echinacea purpurea in Broiler Chickens </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Asghar%20Saki">Ali Asghar Saki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sayed%20Ali%20Hosseini%20Siyar"> Sayed Ali Hosseini Siyar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbass%20Ashoori"> Abbass Ashoori</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of <em>Echinacea purpurea</em> on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-17F (IL-17F) in seven-day-old broiler chickens. Four groups were fed with concentration of 0 g/kg, 5 g/kg, 10 g/kg and 20 g/kg from the root of <em>E. purpurea</em> in the basal diet and two other groups were only fed with the basal diet for 21 days. At the 28<sup>th</sup> day, lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 2 mg/kg diet) was injected in four groups and the basal diet group was injected by saline as control. The chickens’ spleen RNA expression was measured for the COX-2 and IL-17F genes by Real-Time PCR. The results have shown that chickens which were fed <em>E. purpurea</em> had a lower COX-2 and IL-17F mRNA expression. The chickens who have received LPS only, lymphocyte was lower than other treatments. Vital organ weights were not significantly different, but body weight loss was recovered by dietary herbs inclusion. The results of this study have shown the positive effect of an anti-inflammatory herb to prevent the undesirable effect of inflammation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broiler%20chickens" title="broiler chickens">broiler chickens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Echinacea%20purporea" title=" Echinacea purporea"> Echinacea purporea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gene%20expression" title=" gene expression"> gene expression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipopolysaccharide" title=" lipopolysaccharide"> lipopolysaccharide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74487/modulation-of-lipopolysaccharide-induced-interleukin-17f-and-cyclooxygenase-2-gene-expression-by-echinacea-purpurea-in-broiler-chickens" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74487.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">237</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9267</span> Exploring the Feasibility of Introducing Particular Polyphenols into Cow Milk Naturally through Animal Feeding</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steve%20H.%20Y.%20Lee">Steve H. Y. Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeremy%20P.%20E.%20Spencer"> Jeremy P. E. Spencer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the present study was to explore the feasibility of enriching polyphenols in cow milk via addition of flavanone-rich citrus pulp to existing animal feed. 8 Holstein lactating cows were enrolled onto the 4 week feeding study. 4 cows were fed the standard farm diet (control group), with another 4 (treatment group) which are fed a standard farm diet mixed with citrus pulp diet. Milk was collected twice a day, 3 times a week. The resulting milk yield and its macronutrient composition as well as lactose content were measured. The milk phenolic compounds were analysed using electrochemical detection (ECD). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=milk" title="milk">milk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyphenol" title=" polyphenol"> polyphenol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20feeding" title=" animal feeding"> animal feeding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactating%20cows" title=" lactating cows"> lactating cows</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11683/exploring-the-feasibility-of-introducing-particular-polyphenols-into-cow-milk-naturally-through-animal-feeding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11683.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9266</span> Stochastic Programming and C-Somga: Animal Ration Formulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pratiksha%20Saxena">Pratiksha Saxena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dipti%20Singh"> Dipti Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neha%20Khanna"> Neha Khanna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A self-organizing migrating genetic algorithm(C-SOMGA) is developed for animal diet formulation. This paper presents animal diet formulation using stochastic and genetic algorithm. Tri-objective models for cost minimization and shelf life maximization are developed. These objectives are achieved by combination of stochastic programming and C-SOMGA. Stochastic programming is used to introduce nutrient variability for animal diet. Self-organizing migrating genetic algorithm provides exact and quick solution and presents an innovative approach towards successful application of soft computing technique in the area of animal diet formulation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20feed%20ration" title="animal feed ration">animal feed ration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20formulation" title=" feed formulation"> feed formulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20programming" title=" linear programming"> linear programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20programming" title=" stochastic programming"> stochastic programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-migrating%20genetic%20algorithm" title=" self-migrating genetic algorithm"> self-migrating genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C-SOMGA%20technique" title=" C-SOMGA technique"> C-SOMGA technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shelf%20life%20maximization" title=" shelf life maximization"> shelf life maximization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20minimization" title=" cost minimization"> cost minimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrient%20maximization" title=" nutrient maximization"> nutrient maximization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35795/stochastic-programming-and-c-somga-animal-ration-formulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35795.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">449</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9265</span> Effect of Implementing a Teaching Module about Diet and Exercises on Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Gout</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wafaa%20M.%20El-%20Kotb">Wafaa M. El- Kotb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soheir%20Mohamed%20Weheida"> Soheir Mohamed Weheida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manal%20E.%20Fareed"> Manal E. Fareed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to determine the effect of implementing a teaching module about diet and exercises on clinical outcomes of patients with gout. Subjects: A purposive sample of 60 adult gouty patients was selected and randomly and alternatively divided into two equal groups 30 patients in each. Setting: The study was conducted in orthopedic out patient's clinic of Menoufia University. Tools of the study: Three tools were utilized for data collection: Knowledge assessment structured interview questionnaire, Clinical manifestation assessment tools and Nutritional assessment sheet. Results: All patients of both groups (100 %) had poor total knowledge score pre teaching, while 90 % of the study group had good total knowledge score post teaching by three months compared to 3.3 % of the control group. Moreover the recovery outcomes were significantly improved among study group compared to control group post teaching. Conclusion: Teaching study group about diet and exercises significantly improved their clinical outcomes. Recommendation: Patient's education about diet and exercises should be ongoing process for patients with gout. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20outcomes" title="clinical outcomes">clinical outcomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diet" title=" diet"> diet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exercises" title=" exercises"> exercises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20module" title=" teaching module"> teaching module</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25277/effect-of-implementing-a-teaching-module-about-diet-and-exercises-on-clinical-outcomes-of-patients-with-gout" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25277.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9264</span> Safety of Implementation the Gluten - Free Diet in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Jessa">J. Jessa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder, the incidence of which has significantly increased in recent years. Children with autism have impairments in social skills, communication, and imagination. Children with autism has more common than healthy children feeding problems: food selectivity, problems with gastrointestinal tract: diarrhea, constipations, abdominal pain, reflux and others. Many parents of autistic children report that after implementation of gluten-, casein- and sugar free diet those symptoms disappear and even cognitive functions become better. Some children begin to understand speech and to communicate with parents, regain eye contact, become more calm, sleep better and has better concentration. Probably at the root of this phenomenon lies elimination from the diet peptides construction of which is similar to opiates. Enhanced permeability of gut causes absorption of not fully digested opioid-like peptides from food, like gluten and casein and probably others (proteins from soy and corn) which impact on brain of autistic children. Aim of the study: The aim of the study is to assess the safety of gluten-free diet in children with autism, aged 2,5-7. Methods: Participants of the study (n=70) – children aged 2,5-7 with autism are divided into 3 groups. The first group (research group) are patients whose parents want to implement a gluten-free diet. The second group are patients who have been recommended to eliminate from the diet artificial substances, such as preservatives, artificial colors and flavors, and others (control group 1). The third group (control group 2) are children whose parents did not agree for implementation of the diet. Caregivers of children on the diet are educated about the specifics of the diet and how to avoid malnutrition. At the start of the study we exclude celiac disease. Before the implementation of the diet we performe a blood test for patients (morphology, ferritin, total cholesterol, dry peripheral blood drops to detect some genetic metabolic diseases), plasma aminogram) and urine tests (excretion of ions: Mg, Na, Ca, the profile of organic acids in urine), which assess nutritional status as well as the psychological test assessing the degree of the child's psychological functioning (PEP-R). All of these tests will be repeated after one year from the implementation of the diet. Results: To the present moment we examined 42 children with autism. 12 of children are on gluten- free diet. Our preliminary results are promising. Parents of 9 of them report that, there is a big improvement in child behavior, concentration, less aggression incidents, better eye contact and better verbal skills. Conclusion: Our preliminary results suggest that dietary intervention may positively affect developmental outcome for some children diagnosed with ASD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gluten%20free%20diet" title="gluten free diet">gluten free diet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism%20spectrum%20disorder" title=" autism spectrum disorder"> autism spectrum disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism" title=" autism"> autism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20test" title=" blood test"> blood test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27855/safety-of-implementation-the-gluten-free-diet-in-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27855.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9263</span> Full Fat Soybean Meal as a Substitute for Soybean Meal in Broiler Rations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20M.%20K.%20S.%20Chandana">R. M. K. S. Chandana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20P.%20D.%20G.%20Pathirana"> A. P. D. G. Pathirana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Priyankarage"> N. Priyankarage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20A.%20D.%20Nayananjalie"> W. A. D. Nayananjalie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20S.%20P.%20Silva"> S. S. P. Silva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Full fat soybean meal (FFSBM) has been used in many parts of the world together with solvent-extracted soybean meal (SBM) in livestock feeds. Although some local FFSBM is available, their use has not been assessed experimentally. This study was carried out to evaluate the use of local extruded FFSBM in broiler rations. Four treatment diets were formulated by incorporating locally produced FFSBM (0, 10, 20, and 30%) as a replacement for soybean meal (SBM) in a two-phase (starter and finisher) feeding program. Two hundred Hubbard F 15 day old broiler chicks were randomly assigned into four treatments with five replicates per each. Bodyweight gain (BWG), feed intakes (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated for a period of 42 days. Nutrient utilization in the form of dry matter (DM), energy, nitrogen, and fat retention were estimated by the total collection method in three weeks old broilers. At the end of the experiment, carcass weight was measured, and the dressing percentage was calculated. Data were analyzed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) in SAS. There was no significant effect of FFSBM on feed intakes of chicks fed different diets (p > 0.05). Birds fed the control diet, and FF10 (10% FFSBM diet) gained significantly more than that of birds fed FF20 or FF30 diets (p > 0.05). In the finisher period, control birds gained more than all the other treatment birds. FCR was poorer in bird fed higher levels of FFSBM compared to the control or FF10 birds during their early life, but that was not evident in the latter part of the experiment. Treatments did not alter (p > 0.05) the retention of DM and nitrogen, but energy utilization was lowest (p < 0.05) in birds fed with 0% FFSBM, and the highest fat digestibility was observed in birds fed with 30% FFSBM diets. Thus, it can be concluded that FFSBM can be used as a substitute for SBM in broiler rations and could be incorporated up to 10% of the diet safely with no adverse effects on broiler performances. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20weight" title="body weight">body weight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broiler" title=" broiler"> broiler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digestibility" title=" digestibility"> digestibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=full%20fat%20soybean%20meal" title=" full fat soybean meal"> full fat soybean meal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soybean%20meal" title=" soybean meal"> soybean meal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123140/full-fat-soybean-meal-as-a-substitute-for-soybean-meal-in-broiler-rations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123140.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9262</span> Effect of Feed Additive on Cryopreservation of Barki Ram Semen</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdurzag%20Kerban">Abdurzag Kerban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mostfa%20M.%20Abou-Ahmed"> Mostfa M. Abou-Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelrof%20M.%20Ghallab"> Abdelrof M. Ghallab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mona%20H.%20Shaker"> Mona H. Shaker</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Preservation of semen had a major impact on sheep genetic breeding. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of protected fat, probiotic and zinc-enriched diets on semen freezability. Twenty two Barki rams were randomly assigned into four groups; Group I (n=5) was fed the basal diet enriched with 3.7% of dry fat/kg concentration/day, Group II (n=5) was fed a basal diet-enriched with 10gm of probiotic /head/day, Group III (n=6) was fed on the basal diet enriched with 100 ppm of 10% zinc chelated with methionine/kg dry matter/day and Group IV (n=6) was served as control. A pool of three to four ejaculates were pooled from rams within a period of ten weeks. Semen was diluted in egg yolk-Tris diluent and processed in 0.25 ml straw. Motility was evaluated after dilution, before freezing and post-thawing at 0, 1, 2 and 3 hour incubation. Viability index, acrosome integrity and leakage of intracellular enzymes (Aspartat aminotransferase and Alkline phosphatase) were also evaluated. Spermatozoa exhibited highly significant (P<0.01) percentages of motility at 0, 1, 2, and 3 hours incubation after thawing, viability index and acrosome integrity in rams fed a diet enriched with protected fat and zinc groups as compared with probiotic and control groups. Also, the mean value of extracellular leakage of AST was significantly lower in fat and zinc group as compared with probiotic and control groups. In conclusion, semen freezability was improved in animals fed a diet fortified with fat and zinc with no significant improvement in animals fed the probiotic-enriched diet. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Barki%20ram%20semen" title="Barki ram semen">Barki ram semen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freezing" title=" freezing"> freezing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=straw" title=" straw"> straw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20additives" title=" feed additives"> feed additives</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18437/effect-of-feed-additive-on-cryopreservation-of-barki-ram-semen" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18437.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">789</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9261</span> Co-Administration Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid and L-Carnitine on Weight Gain and Biochemical Profile in Diet Induced Obese Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Nazari">Maryam Nazari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Karandish"> Majid Karandish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alihossein%20Saberi"> Alihossein Saberi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Obesity as a global health challenge motivates pharmaceutical industries to produce anti-obesity drugs. However, effectiveness of these agents is remained unclear. Because of popularity of dietary supplements, the aim of this study was tp investigate the effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) and L-carnitine (LC) on serum glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol and weight changes in diet induced obese rats. 48 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: Normal fat diet (n=8), and High fat diet (HFD) (n=32). After eight weeks, the second group which was maintained on HFD until the end of study, was subdivided into four categories: a) 500 mg Corn Oil (as control group), b) 500 mg CLA, c) 200 mg LC, d) 500 mg CLA+ 200 mg LC.All doses are planned per kg body weights, which were administered by oral gavage for four weeks. Body weights were measured and recorded weekly by means of a digital scale. At the end of the study, blood samples were collected for biochemical markers measurement. SPSS Version 16 was used for statistical analysis. At the end of 8<sup>th</sup> week, a significant difference in weight was observed between HFD and NFD group. After 12 weeks, LC significantly reduced weight gain by 4.2%. Trend of weight gain in CLA and CLA+LC groups was insignificantly decelerated. CLA+LC reduced triglyceride level significantly, but just CLA had significant influence on total cholesterol and insignificant decreasing effect on FBS. Our results showed that an obesogenic diet in a relative short time led to obesity and dyslipidemia which can be modified by LC and CLA to some extent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conjugated%20linoleic%20acid" title="conjugated linoleic acid">conjugated linoleic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20fat%20diet" title=" high fat diet"> high fat diet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L-Carnitine" title=" L-Carnitine"> L-Carnitine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83959/co-administration-effects-of-conjugated-linoleic-acid-and-l-carnitine-on-weight-gain-and-biochemical-profile-in-diet-induced-obese-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83959.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9260</span> Cold Stunned Sea Turtle Diet Analysis In Cape Cod Bay from 2015-2020</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucille%20McWilliams">Lucille McWilliams</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As water temperatures drop in November, Kemp’s Ridley, Loggerhead, and Green sea turtles cold-stun in Cape Cod Bay. The foraging ecology of these sea turtles remains an understudied area of research. In this study, we aim to assess the diet of these turtles using a multi-tissue stable isotope analysis of cold-stunned kemp’s ridley, loggerhead, and green sea turtles stranded from 2015 to 2020. Stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen were measured in blood, front and rear flipper, liver, muscle, skin, and scute tissue samples. We predict an elevated level of Nitrogen isotope ratios in kemp’s ridley and loggerhead turtles compared to green turtles due to the carnivorous loggerheads and kemp ridleys’ carnivorous diet and the greens herbivorous diet. We anticipate empty stomachs due to starvation while stranded, and a variety of foraging strategies, migration patterns, and trophic positions between these species. Data collected from this study will add to the knowledge of these turtles’ prey species and aid managers in the preservation of these species as a mitigation strategy for these turtles' extinction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sea%20turtles" title="sea turtles">sea turtles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kemp%27s%20ridleys" title=" kemp's ridleys"> kemp's ridleys</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=greens" title=" greens"> greens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loggerheads" title=" loggerheads"> loggerheads</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold-stunning" title=" cold-stunning"> cold-stunning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diet%20analysis" title=" diet analysis"> diet analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stable%20isotope%20analysis" title=" stable isotope analysis"> stable isotope analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20science" title=" environmental science"> environmental science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20biology" title=" marine biology"> marine biology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146703/cold-stunned-sea-turtle-diet-analysis-in-cape-cod-bay-from-2015-2020" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146703.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9259</span> Influence of Mothers’ Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior on Diet and Physical Activity of Their Pre-School Children: A Cross-Sectional Study from a Semi-Urban Area of Nepal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalia%20Oli">Natalia Oli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhinav%20Vaidya"> Abhinav Vaidya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katja%20Pahkala"> Katja Pahkala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriele%20Eiben"> Gabriele Eiben</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexandra%20Krettek"> Alexandra Krettek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The nutritional transition towards a high fat and energy dense diet, decreasing physical activity level, and poor cardiovascular health knowledge contributes to a rising burden of cardiovascular diseases in Nepal. Dietary and physical activity behaviors are formed early in life and influenced by family, particularly by mothers in the social context of Nepal. The purpose of this study was to explore knowledge, attitude and behavior of mothers regarding diet and physical activity of their pre-school children. Cross-sectional study was conducted in the semi-urban area of Duwakot and Jhaukhel communities near the capital Kathmandu. Between August and November 2014, nine trained enumerators interviewed all mothers having children aged 2 to 7 years in their homes. Questionnaire contained information about mothers’ socio-demographic characteristics; their knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding diet and physical activity as well as their children’s diet and physical activity. Knowledge, attitude and behavior responses were scored. SPSS version 22.0 was used for data analyses. Out of the 1,052 eligible mothers, 962 consented to participate in the study. The mean age was 28.9 ± 4.5 years. The majority of them (73%) were housewives. Mothers with higher education and income had higher knowledge, attitude, and behavior scores (All p < 0.001) whereas housewives and farmers had low knowledge score (p < 0.001). They, along with laborers, also exhibited lower attitude (p<0.001) and behavior scores (p < 0.001). Children’s diet score increased with mothers’ level of education (p <0.001) and income (p=0.041). Their physical activity score, however, declined with increasing level of their mothers’ education (p < 0.001) and income (p < 0.001). Children’s overall behavior score correlated poorly with mothers’ knowledge (r = 0.009, p=0.003), attitude (r =0.012, p=0.001), and behavior (r = 0.007, p= 0.008). Such poor correlation can be due to existence of the barriers among mothers. Mothers reported such barriers as expensive healthy food, difficulty to give up favorite food, taste preference of others family members and lack of knowledge on healthy food. Barriers for physical activity were lack of leisure time, lack of parks and playgrounds, being busy by caring for children and old people, feeling lazy and embarrassed in front of others. Additionally, among the facilitators for healthy lifestyle, mentioned by mothers, were better information, family eating healthy food and supporting physical activity, advice of medical personnel regarding healthy lifestyle and own ill health. The study demonstrated poor correlation of mothers’ knowledge and attitude with children’s behavior regarding diet and physical activity. Hence improving mothers’ knowledge or attitude may not be enough to improve dietary and physical activity habits of their children. Barriers and facilitators that affect mothers’ practices towards their children should also be addressed due to future intervention. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitude" title="attitude">attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavior" title=" behavior"> behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diet" title=" diet"> diet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title=" knowledge"> knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mothers" title=" mothers"> mothers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20activity" title=" physical activity "> physical activity </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61087/influence-of-mothers-knowledge-attitude-and-behavior-on-diet-and-physical-activity-of-their-pre-school-children-a-cross-sectional-study-from-a-semi-urban-area-of-nepal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61087.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9258</span> The Effect of Nutrition Education on Glycemic and Lipidemic Control in Iranian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samira%20Rabiei">Samira Rabiei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faezeh%20Askari"> Faezeh Askari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Rastmanesh"> Reza Rastmanesh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To evaluate the effects of nutrition education and adherence to a healthy diet on glycemic and lipidemic control in patients with T2DM. Material and Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 494 patients with T2DM, aged 14-87 years from both sexes who were selected by convenience sampling from referees to Aliebneabitaleb hospital in Ghom. The participants were divided into two 247 person groups by stratified randomization. Both groups received a diet adjusted based on ideal body weight, and the intervention group was additionally educated about healthy food choices regarding diabetes. Information on medications, psychological factors, diet and physical activity was obtained from questionnaires. Blood samples were collected to measure FBS, 2 hPG, HbA1c, cholesterol, and triglyceride. After 2 months, weight and biochemical parameters were measured again. Independent T-test, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and Wilcoxon were used as appropriate. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratio of abnormal glycemic and lipidemic control according to the intervention. Results: The mean weight, FBS, 2 hPG, cholesterol and triglyceride after intervention were significantly lower than before that (p < 0.05). Discussion: Nutrition education plus a weigh reducer diet is more effective on glycemic and lipidemic control than a weight reducer diet, alone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=type%202%20diabetes%20mellitus" title="type 2 diabetes mellitus">type 2 diabetes mellitus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutrition%20education" title=" nutrition education"> nutrition education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glycemic%20control" title=" glycemic control"> glycemic control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid%20profile" title=" lipid profile"> lipid profile</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75549/the-effect-of-nutrition-education-on-glycemic-and-lipidemic-control-in-iranian-patients-with-type-2-diabetes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75549.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">214</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9257</span> Histological Evaluation of the Neuroprotective Roles of Trans Cinnamaldehyde against High Fat Diet and Streptozotozin Induced Neurodegeneration in Wistar Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samson%20Ehindero">Samson Ehindero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oluwole%20Akinola"> Oluwole Akinola</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Substantial evidence has shown an association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cognitive decline, Trans Cinnamaldehyde (TCA) has been shown to have many potent pharmacological properties. In this present study, we are currently investigating the effects of TCA on type II diabetes-induced neurodegeneration. Neurodegeneration was induced in forty (40) adult wistar rats using high fat diet (HFD) for 4 months followed by low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (40 mg/kg, i.p.) administration. TCA was administered orally for 30 days at the doses of 40mg/kg and 60mg/kg body weight. Animals were randomized and divided into following groups; A- control group, B- diabetic group, C- TCA (high dose), D- diabetic + TCA (high dose), E- diabetic + TCA (high dose) with high fat diet, F- TCA Low dose, G- diabetic + TCA (low dose) and H- diabetic + TCA (low dose) with high fat diet. Animals were subjected to behavioral tests followed by histological studies of the hippocampus. Demented rats showed impaired behavior in Y- Maze test compared to treated and control groups. Trans Cinnamaldehyde restores the histo architecture of the hippocampus of demented rats. This present study demonstrates that treatment with trans- cinnamaldehyde improves behavioral deficits, restores cellular histo architecture in rat models of neurodegeneration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurodegeneration" title="neurodegeneration">neurodegeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trans%20cinnamaldehyde" title=" trans cinnamaldehyde"> trans cinnamaldehyde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20fat%20diet" title=" high fat diet"> high fat diet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=streptozotocin" title=" streptozotocin "> streptozotocin </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131178/histological-evaluation-of-the-neuroprotective-roles-of-trans-cinnamaldehyde-against-high-fat-diet-and-streptozotozin-induced-neurodegeneration-in-wistar-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131178.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9256</span> Perception, Knowledge and Practices on Balanced Diet among Adolescents, Their Parents and Frontline Functionaries in Rural Sites of Banda, Varanasi and Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh,India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gunjan%20Razdan">Gunjan Razdan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priyanka%20Sreenath"> Priyanka Sreenath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jagannath%20Behera"> Jagannath Behera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20Mishra"> S. K. Mishra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunil%20Mehra"> Sunil Mehra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Uttar Pradesh is one of the poor performing states with high Malnutrition and Anaemia among adolescent girls resulting in high MMR, IMR and low birth weight rate. The rate of anaemia among adolescent girls has doubled in the past decade. Adolescents gain around 15-20% of their optimum height, 25-50% of the ideal adult weight and 45% of the skeletal mass by the age of 19. Poor intake of energy, protein and other nutrients is one of the factors for malnutrition and anaemia. METHODS: The cross-sectional survey using a mixed method (quantitative and qualitative) was adopted in this study. The respondents (adolescents, parents and frontline health workers) were selected randomly from 30 villages and surveyed through a semi-structured questionnaire for qualitative information and FGDs and IDIs for qualitative information. A 24 hours dietary recall method was adopted to estimate their dietary practices. A total of 1069 adolescent girls, 1067 boys, 1774 parents and 69 frontline functionaries were covered under the study. Percentages and mean were calculated for quantitative variable, and content analysis was carried out for qualitative data. RESULTS: Over 80 % of parents provided assertions that they understood the term balanced diet and strongly felt that their children were having balanced diet. However, only negligible 1.5 % of parents could correctly recount essential eight food groups and 22% could tell about four groups which was the minimum response expected to say respondents had fair knowledge on a balanced diet. Only 10 percent of parents could tell that balanced diet helps in physical and mental growth and only 2% said it has a protective role. Besides, qualitative data shows that the perception regarding balanced diet is having costly food items like nuts and fruits. The dietary intake of adolescents is very low despite the increased iron needs associated with physical growth and puberty.The consumption of green leafy vegetables (less than 35 %) and citrus fruits (less than 50%) was found to be low. CONCLUSIONS: The assertions on an understanding of term balanced diet are contradictory to the actual knowledge and practices. Knowledge on essential food groups and nutrients is crucial to inculcate healthy eating practices among adolescents. This calls for comprehensive communication efforts to improve the knowledge and dietary practices among adolescents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anemia" title="anemia">anemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title=" knowledge"> knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malnutrition" title=" malnutrition"> malnutrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perceptions" title=" perceptions"> perceptions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73358/perception-knowledge-and-practices-on-balanced-diet-among-adolescents-their-parents-and-frontline-functionaries-in-rural-sites-of-banda-varanasi-and-allahabad-uttar-pradeshindia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73358.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9255</span> Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on Performance of Commercial Layer Hens </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Arun%20Subhash">P. Arun Subhash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20N.%20Suresh"> B. N. Suresh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20C.%20Shivakumar"> M. C. Shivakumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Suma"> N. Suma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary supplementation of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) root powder on the egg production performance and egg quality in commercial layer birds. A practical type layer diet was prepared as per Bureau of Indian Standards (1992) to serve as the control, and the test diet was prepared by supplementing control diet with ashwagandha powder at 1kg/ton of feed. Each diet was assigned to twenty replicate groups of 5 laying hens each for duration of 84 days. The result revealed that cumulative egg production (%) was comparable between control and test group. The feed consumption and its conversion efficiency were similar among both the groups. The egg weight and egg characteristics viz., yolk index, yolk color, haugh unit score, albumen index, egg shape index and eggshell thickness were also remained similar between both the groups. It was concluded that supplementation of ashwagandha powder at 1kg/ton in layer diets has no beneficial effect on egg production and egg quality parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ashwagandha" title="ashwagandha">ashwagandha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=egg%20production" title=" egg production"> egg production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=egg%20quality" title=" egg quality"> egg quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=layers" title=" layers"> layers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89790/effect-of-dietary-supplementation-of-ashwagandha-withania-somnifera-on-performance-of-commercial-layer-hens" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89790.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9254</span> Vegan Low Glycemic Index Diet in Appetite Reduction Among Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Patients Carrying Melanocortin 4 Receptor (MC4R) Variants of (rs12970134), and (rs17782313): A Mini Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jumanah%20S.%20Alawfi">Jumanah S. Alawfi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy among females in their reproductive years. The incidence cases are nearly 1.55 million among females across the globe, with 0.43 million associated disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). This syndrome is associated with intricate mechanisms typically characterized by insulin resistance (IR), infertility, overweight and/or obesity. Lifestyle interventions are often prescribed as an adjective treatment. Nonetheless, obesity is a complex disease that encompasses multiple dimensions, such as excessive energy intake and genetics. The melanocortin 4 receptor mutation (MC4R) is an important mediator in appetite. There is emerging evidence that suggests its role in the Body Mass Index (BMI) among PCOS subjects, which poses the question of obesity and/or overweight among the PCOS patients who carry the MC4R variants may be caused by overconsumption. Thereby, using other satiety techniques may be beneficial as a part of personalized nutrition. Therefore, the aim of the current mini-review is to discuss the effect of the vegan low glycemic diet on reducing appetite among PCOS patients. The review shows that there is a gap in the knowledge of the effect of the vegan diet on PCOS patients who carry MC4R variants which need further research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polycystic%20ovarian%20syndrome%20%28PCOS%29" title="polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)">polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Appetite" title=" Appetite"> Appetite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melanocortin%204%20Receptor%20Mutation%20%28MC4R%29." title=" Melanocortin 4 Receptor Mutation (MC4R)."> Melanocortin 4 Receptor Mutation (MC4R).</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Obesity" title=" Obesity"> Obesity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169095/vegan-low-glycemic-index-diet-in-appetite-reduction-among-polycystic-ovarian-syndrome-pcos-patients-carrying-melanocortin-4-receptor-mc4r-variants-of-rs12970134-and-rs17782313-a-mini-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169095.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9253</span> Dietary Gluten and the Balance of Gut Microbiota in the Dextran Sulphate Sodium Induced Colitis Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Austin%20Belfiori">Austin Belfiori</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Rinek"> Kevin Rinek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zach%20Barcroft"> Zach Barcroft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jennifer%20Berglind"> Jennifer Berglind</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diet influences the composition of the gut microbiota and host's health. Disruption of the balance among the microbiota, epithelial cells, and resident immune cells in the intestine is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). To study the role of gut microbiota in intestinal inflammation, the microbiome of control mice (C57BL6) given a gluten-containing standard diet versus C57BL6 mice given the gluten-free (GF) feed (n=10 in each group) was examined. All mice received the 3% DSS for 5 days. Throughout the study, feces were collected and processed for DNA extraction and MiSeq Illumina sequencing of V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA gene. Alpha and beta diversities and compositional differences at phylum and genus levels were determined in intestinal microbiota. The mice receiving the GF diet showed a significantly increased abundance of Firmicutes and a decrease of Bacteroides and Lactobacillus at phylum level. Therefore, the gluten free diet led to reductions in beneficial gut bacteria populations. These findings indicate a role of wheat gluten in dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gluten" title="gluten">gluten</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colitis" title=" colitis"> colitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbiota" title=" microbiota"> microbiota</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSS" title=" DSS"> DSS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dextran%20sulphate%20sodium" title=" dextran sulphate sodium"> dextran sulphate sodium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92869/dietary-gluten-and-the-balance-of-gut-microbiota-in-the-dextran-sulphate-sodium-induced-colitis-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92869.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9252</span> Effects of Palm Kernel Expeller Processing on the Ileal Populations of Lactobacilli and Escherichia Coli in Broiler Chickens</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Navidshad">B. Navidshad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main objective of this study was to examine the effects of enzymatic treatment and shell content of palm kernel expeller (PKE) on the ileal Lactobacilli and Escherichia coli populations in broiler chickens. At the finisher phase, one hundred male broiler chickens (Cobb-500) were fed a control diet or the diets containing 200 g/kg of normal PKE (70 g/kg shell), low shell PKE (30 g/kg shell), enzymatic treated PKE or low shell-enzymatic treated PKE. The quantitative real-time PCR were used to determine the ileal bacteria populations. The lowest ileal Lactobacilli population was found in the chickens fed the low shell PKE diet. Dietary normal PKE or low shell-enzymatic treated PKE decreased the Escherichia coli population compared to the control diet. The results suggested that PKE could be included up to 200 g/kg in the finisher diet, however, any screening practice to reduce the shell content of PKE without enzymatic degradation of β-mannan, decrease ileal Lactobacilli population. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=palm%20kernel%20expeller" title="palm kernel expeller">palm kernel expeller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exogenous%20enzyme" title=" exogenous enzyme"> exogenous enzyme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shell%20content" title=" shell content"> shell content</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ileum%20bacteria" title=" ileum bacteria"> ileum bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broiler%20chickens" title=" broiler chickens"> broiler chickens</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33444/effects-of-palm-kernel-expeller-processing-on-the-ileal-populations-of-lactobacilli-and-escherichia-coli-in-broiler-chickens" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33444.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9251</span> Use of Treated and Untreated Sunflower Seed Hulls in Fattening Lamb Feeding</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Saleh%20Fasihi%20Ramandi">Mohammad Saleh Fasihi Ramandi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the nutritional value of both enriched and non-enriched sunflower seed hulls in lamb-fattening diets. Sunflower seed processing for oil production produces a considerable by-product, with 18–25% of the total seed weight comprised of hulls. These hulls are typically regarded as nutritionally limited due to their high fiber and low protein content, but the application of urea enrichment appears to increase their potential as feed. In this experiment, fifty male lambs, aged 7–8 months, were divided into five groups of ten, each receiving one of five diets: 1) a control diet with cereal straw and no hulls; 2) a diet with 10% non-enriched hulls; 3) a diet with 20% non-enriched hulls; 4) a diet with 10% urea-enriched hulls; and 5) a diet with 20% urea-enriched hulls. The feeding trial lasted 90 days, during which metrics such as daily weight gain, dry matter intake, and feed conversion efficiency were recorded. At the end of the trial, three lambs from each group were randomly selected for slaughter, and their carcass characteristics were documented. The results suggest that diets including enriched sunflower hulls led to significantly greater final weights, weight gain, and improved feed conversion efficiency. Economically, using enriched sunflower hulls in fattening diets for lambs reduced the cost per kilogram of live and carcass weight gain compared to diets with non-enriched hulls and cereal straw. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sunflower%20seed%20hulls" title="sunflower seed hulls">sunflower seed hulls</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lamb%20fattening" title=" lamb fattening"> lamb fattening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urea%20enrichment" title=" urea enrichment"> urea enrichment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20efficiency" title=" feed efficiency"> feed efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193218/use-of-treated-and-untreated-sunflower-seed-hulls-in-fattening-lamb-feeding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193218.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">28</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9250</span> The Effects of Prebiotic, Probiotic and Synbiotic Diets Containing Bacillus coagulans and Inulin on Serum Lipid Profile in the Rat</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadijeh%20Abhari">Khadijeh Abhari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Shahram%20Shekarforoush"> Seyed Shahram Shekarforoush</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeid%20Hosseinzadeh"> Saeid Hosseinzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An in vivo trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of Bacillus coagulans, and inulin, either separately or in combination, on lipid profile using a rat model. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=8) and fed as follows: standard diet (control), standard diet with 5% w/w long chain inulin (prebiotic), standard diet with 109 spores/day spores of B. coagulans by orogastric gavage (probiotic), and standard diet with 5% w/w long chain inulin and 109 spores/day of B. coagulans (synbiotic). Rats were fed the treatments for 30 days. Serum samples were collected 10, 20 and 30 days following onset of treatment. Total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides concentrations were analyzed. Results of this study showed that inulin potentially affected the lipid profile. An obvious decrease in serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholestrol of rats fed with inulin in synbiotic and prebiotic groups was seen in all sampling days. Inulin fed rats also demonstrated higher levels of HDL-cholesterol concentration; however this value in probiotic and control fed rats remains without significant change. According to the results of this study, B. coagulans did not contribute to any lipid profile changes after 30 days. Thus, further in vitro investigations on the characteristic of these bacteria could be useful to gain insights into understanding the treatment of probiotics in order to achieve the maximum beneficial effect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacillus%20coagulans" title="bacillus coagulans">bacillus coagulans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inulin" title=" inulin"> inulin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rat" title=" rat"> rat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid%20profile" title=" lipid profile"> lipid profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synbiotic%20diet" title=" synbiotic diet"> synbiotic diet</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39262/the-effects-of-prebiotic-probiotic-and-synbiotic-diets-containing-bacillus-coagulans-and-inulin-on-serum-lipid-profile-in-the-rat" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39262.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9249</span> Energy Initiatives for Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.Beril%20Tugrul">A.Beril Tugrul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selahattin%20Cimen"> Selahattin Cimen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dependency of humanity on the energy is ever-increasing today and the energy policies are reaching undeniable and un-ignorable dimensions steering the political events as well. Therefore, energy has the highest priority for Turkey like any other country. In this study, the energy supply security for Turkey evaluated according to the strategic criteria of energy policy. Under these circumstances, different alternatives are described and assessed with in terms of the energy expansion of Turkey. With this study, different opportunities in the energy expansion of Turkey is clarified and emphasized. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20policy" title="energy policy">energy policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20strategy" title=" energy strategy"> energy strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=future%20projection" title=" future projection"> future projection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey" title=" Turkey "> Turkey </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2137/energy-initiatives-for-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2137.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9248</span> A Secreted Protein Can Attenuate High Fat Diet Induced Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Soofi">Abdul Soofi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katherine%20Wolf"> Katherine Wolf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egon%20Ranghini"> Egon Ranghini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gregory%20Dressler"> Gregory Dressler</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Obesity and its associated complications, such as insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, are reaching epidemic proportions. In mice, the TGF-β superfamily is implicated in the regulation of white and brown adipose tissues differentiation. The Kielin/Chordin-like Protein (KCP) is a secreted regulator of the TGF-β superfamily pathways that can inhibit both TGF-β and Activin signals while enhancing the Bone Morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling. However, the effects of KCP on metabolism and obesity have not been studied in animal models. Thus, we examined the effects of KCP loss or gain of function in mice that were maintained on either a regular or a high fat diet. Loss of KCP sensitized mice to obesity and associated complications such as hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance. In contrast, transgenic mice that expressed KCP in the kidney, liver and adipose tissues were resistant to developing high fat diet induced obesity and had significantly reduced white adipose tissue. KCP over-expression was able to shift the pattern of Smad signaling in vivo, to increase the levels of P-Smad1 and decrease P-Smad3, resulting in resistance to high fat diet induced hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance. In aging mice, loss of KCP promoted liver pathology even when mice were fed a normal diet. The data demonstrate that shifting the TGF-β superfamily signaling with a secreted inhibitor or enhancer can alter the physiology of adipose tissue to reduce obesity and can inhibit the initiation and progression of hepatic steatosis to significantly reduce the effects of high fat diet induced metabolic disease. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adipose%20tissue" title="adipose tissue">adipose tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KCP" title=" KCP"> KCP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TGF-%CE%B2" title=" TGF-β"> TGF-β</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BMP" title=" BMP"> BMP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hepatic%20steatosis" title=" hepatic steatosis"> hepatic steatosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolic%20syndrome" title=" metabolic syndrome"> metabolic syndrome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38090/a-secreted-protein-can-attenuate-high-fat-diet-induced-obesity-and-metabolic-syndrome-in-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38090.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20energy%20diet&page=2" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20energy%20diet&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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