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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Composition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Composition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution_and_location" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution_and_location"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Distribution and location</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribution_and_location-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Color,_morphology,_and_texture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Color,_morphology,_and_texture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Color, morphology, and texture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Color,_morphology,_and_texture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Origin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Associated_rocks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associated_rocks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Associated rocks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Associated_rocks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economic_geology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_geology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Economic geology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_geology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Peridotite</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 45 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-45" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">45 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotiet" title="Peridotiet – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Peridotiet" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="بيريدوتيت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيريدوتيت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotita" title="Peridotita – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Peridotita" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotit" title="Peridotit – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Peridotit" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotit" title="Peridotit – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Peridotit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotiit" title="Peridotiit – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Peridotiit" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Περιδοτίτης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Περιδοτίτης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotita" title="Peridotita – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Peridotita" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotito" title="Peridotito – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Peridotito" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotita" title="Peridotita – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Peridotita" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="پریدوتیت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پریدوتیت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9ridotite" title="Péridotite – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Péridotite" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotita" title="Peridotita – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Peridotita" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B0%90%EB%9E%8C%EC%95%94" title="감람암 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="감람암" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A4%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%BF" title="Պերիդոտիտ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պերիդոտիտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9F" title="पेरिडोटाइट – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पेरिडोटाइट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotit" title="Peridotit – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Peridotit" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotit" title="Peridotit – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Peridotit" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotite" title="Peridotite – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Peridotite" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%93%D7%95%D7%98%D7%99%D7%98" title="פרידוטיט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרידוטיט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="პერიდოტიტი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პერიდოტიტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Дунит – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Дунит" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Перидотит – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Перидотит" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotitas" title="Peridotitas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Peridotitas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotit" title="Peridotit – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Peridotit" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotiet" title="Peridotiet – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Peridotiet" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%81%8B%E3%82%93%E3%82%89%E3%82%93%E5%B2%A9" title="かんらん岩 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="かんらん岩" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotitt" title="Peridotitt – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Peridotitt" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotitt" title="Peridotitt – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Peridotitt" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotit" title="Peridotit – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Peridotit" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perydotyty" title="Perydotyty – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Perydotyty" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotito" title="Peridotito – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Peridotito" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotit" title="Peridotit – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Peridotit" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Перидотит – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Перидотит" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotite" title="Peridotite – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Peridotite" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotit" title="Peridotit – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Peridotit" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotit" title="Peridotit – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Peridotit" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Перидотит – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Перидотит" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotit" title="Peridotit – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Peridotit" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotiitti" title="Peridotiitti – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Peridotiitti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotit" title="Peridotit – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Peridotit" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Перидотит – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Перидотит" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridotit" title="Peridotit – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Peridotit" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A9%84%E6%AC%96%E5%B2%A9" title="橄欖岩 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="橄欖岩" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A9%84%E6%AC%96%E5%B2%A9" title="橄欖岩 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="橄欖岩" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q239918#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit 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searchaux" style="display:none">Coarse-grained ultramafic igneous rock type</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Peridotite</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color: #cddeff"><b><a href="/wiki/Igneous" class="mw-redirect" title="Igneous">Igneous rock</a></b></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peridotite_mantle_xenoliths_in_phonotephrite_(Peridot_Mesa_Flow,_Middle_Pleistocene,_580_ka;_Peridot_Mesa,_San_Carlos_Volcanic_Field,_Arizona,_USA)_28_(cropped)).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Peridotite_mantle_xenoliths_in_phonotephrite_%28Peridot_Mesa_Flow%2C_Middle_Pleistocene%2C_580_ka%3B_Peridot_Mesa%2C_San_Carlos_Volcanic_Field%2C_Arizona%2C_USA%29_28_%28cropped%29%29.jpg/300px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Peridotite_mantle_xenoliths_in_phonotephrite_%28Peridot_Mesa_Flow%2C_Middle_Pleistocene%2C_580_ka%3B_Peridot_Mesa%2C_San_Carlos_Volcanic_Field%2C_Arizona%2C_USA%29_28_%28cropped%29%29.jpg/450px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Peridotite_mantle_xenoliths_in_phonotephrite_%28Peridot_Mesa_Flow%2C_Middle_Pleistocene%2C_580_ka%3B_Peridot_Mesa%2C_San_Carlos_Volcanic_Field%2C_Arizona%2C_USA%29_28_%28cropped%29%29.jpg/600px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1603" data-file-height="1067" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ededed">Composition</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Olivine" title="Olivine">olivine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pyroxene" title="Pyroxene">pyroxene</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Peridotite</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a>: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>-/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">PERR</span>-ih-doh-tyte, pə-<span style="font-size:90%">RID</span>-ə-</i></a>) is a dense, coarse-grained <a href="/wiki/Igneous_rock" title="Igneous rock">igneous rock</a> consisting mostly of the silicate minerals <a href="/wiki/Olivine" title="Olivine">olivine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pyroxene" title="Pyroxene">pyroxene</a>. Peridotite is <a href="/wiki/Ultramafic" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultramafic">ultramafic</a>, as the rock contains less than 45% <a href="/wiki/Silica" class="mw-redirect" title="Silica">silica</a>. It is high in <a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">magnesium</a> (Mg<sup>2+</sup>), reflecting the high proportions of magnesium-rich olivine, with appreciable <a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">iron</a>. Peridotite is derived from <a href="/wiki/Earth%27s_mantle" title="Earth's mantle">Earth's mantle</a>, either as solid blocks and fragments, or as crystals accumulated from magmas that formed in the mantle. The compositions of peridotites from these layered <a href="/wiki/Igneous" class="mw-redirect" title="Igneous">igneous</a> complexes vary widely, reflecting the relative proportions of <a href="/wiki/Pyroxene" title="Pyroxene">pyroxenes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chromite" title="Chromite">chromite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plagioclase" title="Plagioclase">plagioclase</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Amphibole" title="Amphibole">amphibole</a>. </p><p>Peridotite is the dominant rock of the <a href="/wiki/Upper_mantle_(Earth)" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper mantle (Earth)">upper part of Earth's mantle</a>. The compositions of peridotite <a href="/wiki/Nodule_(geology)" title="Nodule (geology)">nodules</a> found in certain basalts are of special interest along with <a href="/wiki/Kimberlite_pipe" class="mw-redirect" title="Kimberlite pipe">diamond pipes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kimberlite" title="Kimberlite">kimberlite</a>), because they provide samples of Earth's mantle brought up from depths ranging from about 30 km to 200 km or more. Some of the nodules preserve <a href="/wiki/Isotope" title="Isotope">isotope</a> ratios of <a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">osmium</a> and other elements that record processes that occurred when Earth was formed, and so they are of special interest to <a href="/wiki/Historical_geology" title="Historical geology">paleogeologists</a> because they provide clues to the early composition of Earth's mantle and the complexities of the processes that occurred. </p><p>The word <i>peridotite</i> comes from the gemstone <a href="/wiki/Peridot" title="Peridot">peridot</a>, which consists of pale green olivine.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Classic peridotite is bright green with some specks of black, although most hand samples tend to be darker green. Peridotitic outcrops typically range from earthy bright yellow to dark green; this is because olivine is easily weathered to <a href="/wiki/Iddingsite" title="Iddingsite">iddingsite</a>. While green and yellow are the most common colors, peridotitic rocks may exhibit a wide range of colors including blue, brown, and red. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peridotite&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peridotite_Olivine-Orthopyroxene-Clinopyroxene_-_Common_Peridotites_highlighted.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Peridotite_Olivine-Orthopyroxene-Clinopyroxene_-_Common_Peridotites_highlighted.png/310px-Peridotite_Olivine-Orthopyroxene-Clinopyroxene_-_Common_Peridotites_highlighted.png" decoding="async" width="310" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Peridotite_Olivine-Orthopyroxene-Clinopyroxene_-_Common_Peridotites_highlighted.png/465px-Peridotite_Olivine-Orthopyroxene-Clinopyroxene_-_Common_Peridotites_highlighted.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Peridotite_Olivine-Orthopyroxene-Clinopyroxene_-_Common_Peridotites_highlighted.png/620px-Peridotite_Olivine-Orthopyroxene-Clinopyroxene_-_Common_Peridotites_highlighted.png 2x" data-file-width="2760" data-file-height="2293" /></a><figcaption>Classification diagram for peridotite and pyroxenite, based on proportions of olivine and pyroxene. The pale green area encompasses the most common compositions of peridotite in the upper part of the Earth's mantle (partly adapted from Bodinier and Godard (2004)).</figcaption></figure> <p>Coarse-grained igneous rocks in which <a href="/wiki/Mafic" title="Mafic">mafic</a> minerals (minerals rich in <a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">magnesium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">iron</a>) make up over 90% of the volume of the rock are classified as <a href="/wiki/Ultramafic_rocks" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultramafic rocks">ultramafic rocks</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Jackson1997um_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jackson1997um-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such rocks typically contain less than 45% silica. Ultramafic rocks are further classified by their relative proportions of <a href="/wiki/Olivine" title="Olivine">olivine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orthopyroxene" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthopyroxene">orthopyroxene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clinopyroxene" class="mw-redirect" title="Clinopyroxene">clinopyroxene</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hornblende" title="Hornblende">hornblende</a>, which are the most abundant families of mafic minerals in most ultramafic rocks. Peridotite is then defined as coarse-grained ultramafic rock in which olivine makes up 40% or more of the total volume of these four mineral families in the rock.<sup id="cite_ref-PhilpottsAgue2009ch6_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PhilpottsAgue2009ch6-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bgs_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bgs-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Peridotites are further classified as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-bgs_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bgs-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009142_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009142-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dunite" title="Dunite">Dunite</a>: more than 90% olivine</li></ul> <dl><dd>Dunite is found as prominent veins in the peridotite layer of <a href="/wiki/Ophiolites" class="mw-redirect" title="Ophiolites">ophiolites</a>, which are interpreted as slices of oceanic lithosphere (crust and upper mantle) thrust onto continents.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue200943–44,_372–373_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue200943–44,_372–373-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dunite also occurs as a <a href="/wiki/Cumulate" class="mw-redirect" title="Cumulate">cumulate</a> in <a href="/wiki/Layered_intrusion" title="Layered intrusion">layered intrusions</a>, where olivine crystallized out of a slowly cooling body of <a href="/wiki/Magma" title="Magma">magma</a> and accumulated on the floor of the magma body to form the lowest layer of the intrusion.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009385_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009385-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dunite almost always contains accessory <a href="/wiki/Chromite" title="Chromite">chromite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson1997"dunite"_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson1997"dunite"-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kimberlite" title="Kimberlite">Kimberlite</a>: formed in <a href="/wiki/Volcanic_pipe" title="Volcanic pipe">volcanic pipes</a> and at least 35% olivine<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <dl><dd>Kimberlite is a highly <a href="/wiki/Breccia" title="Breccia">brecciated</a> variant of peridotite formed in <a href="/wiki/Volcanic_pipe" title="Volcanic pipe">volcanic pipes</a> and is known for being the host rock to diamonds. Unlike other forms of peridotite, kimberlite is quite rare.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>Pyroxene peridotite: From 40% to 90% olivine and less than 5% hornblende <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harzburgite" title="Harzburgite">Harzburgite</a>: less than 5% clinopyroxene</li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>Harzburgite makes up the bulk of the peridotite layer of <a href="/wiki/Ophiolites" class="mw-redirect" title="Ophiolites">ophiolites</a>. It is interpreted as depleted mantle rock, from which <a href="/wiki/Basaltic" class="mw-redirect" title="Basaltic">basaltic</a> magma has been extracted. It also forms as a cumulate in Type I layered intrusions, forming a layer just above the dunite layer.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue200943–44,_385_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue200943–44,_385-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harzburgite likely makes up most of the mantle <a href="/wiki/Lithosphere" title="Lithosphere">lithosphere</a> underneath continental <a href="/wiki/Craton" title="Craton">cratons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Herzberg2004_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herzberg2004-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wehrlite" title="Wehrlite">Wehrlite</a>: less than 5% orthopyroxene</li></ul> <dl><dd>Wehrlite makes up part of the transition zone between the peridotite layer and overlying <a href="/wiki/Gabbro" title="Gabbro">gabbro</a> layer of <a href="/wiki/Ophiolites" class="mw-redirect" title="Ophiolites">ophiolites</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009178_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009178-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Type II layered intrusions, it takes the place of harzburgite as the layer just above the dunite layer.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009385_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009385-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lherzolite" title="Lherzolite">Lherzolite</a>: intermediate content of clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene</li></ul> <dl><dd>Lherzolite is thought to make up much of the upper mantle.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009590_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009590-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has almost exactly the composition of a mixture of three parts harzburgite and one part <a href="/wiki/Tholeiitic_basalt" class="mw-redirect" title="Tholeiitic basalt">tholeiitic basalt</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Pyrolite" title="Pyrolite">pyrolite</a></i>) and is the likely source rock for basaltic magma. It is found as rare <a href="/wiki/Xenolith" title="Xenolith">xenoliths</a> in basalt, such as those of <a href="/wiki/Kilbourne_Hole" title="Kilbourne Hole">Kilbourne Hole</a> in southern New Mexico, US,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009604_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009604-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and at <a href="/wiki/Oahu" title="Oahu">Oahu</a>, Hawaii, US.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>Hornblende peridotite: From 40% to 90% olivine and less than 5% pyroxene</li></ul> <dl><dd>Hornblende peridotite is found as rare xenoliths in <a href="/wiki/Andesite" title="Andesite">andesites</a> above <a href="/wiki/Subduction_zones" class="mw-redirect" title="Subduction zones">subduction zones</a>. They are direct evidence of alteration of mantle rock by fluids released by the subducting <a href="/wiki/Slab_(geology)" title="Slab (geology)">slab</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BlatterCarmichael1998_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BlatterCarmichael1998-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <ul><li>Pyroxene hornblende peridotite: Intermediate between pyroxene peridotite and hornblende peridotite</li></ul> <dl><dd>Pyroxene hornblende peridotite is found as rare xenoliths, such as those of <a href="/wiki/Wilcza_G%C3%B3ra,_Silesian_Voivodeship" title="Wilcza Góra, Silesian Voivodeship">Wilcza Góra</a> in southwest Poland. Here it likely formed by alteration of mantle rock by carbonated hydrous silicic fluids associated with volcanism.<sup id="cite_ref-MatusiakMatekEtal2017_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MatusiakMatekEtal2017-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Composition">Composition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peridotite&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Olivine-Dunit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Olivine-Dunit.jpg/220px-Olivine-Dunit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Olivine-Dunit.jpg/330px-Olivine-Dunit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Olivine-Dunit.jpg/440px-Olivine-Dunit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1753" data-file-height="756" /></a><figcaption>Typical peridotite sample (<a href="/wiki/Dunite" title="Dunite">dunite</a>, left) and large olivine crystal (right)</figcaption></figure> <p>Mantle peridotite is highly enriched in magnesium, with a typical magnesium number of 89.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In other words, of the total content of iron plus magnesium, 89 <a href="/wiki/Mol%25" class="mw-redirect" title="Mol%">mol%</a> is magnesium. This is reflected in the composition of the mafic minerals making up the peridotite. </p><p>Olivine is the essential mineral found in all peridotites. It is a magnesium <a href="/wiki/Orthosilicate" title="Orthosilicate">orthosilicate</a> containing some iron with the variable formula <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1123817410">.mw-parser-output .template-chem2-su{display:inline-block;font-size:80%;line-height:1;vertical-align:-0.35em}.mw-parser-output .template-chem2-su>span{display:block;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output sub.template-chem2-sub{font-size:80%;vertical-align:-0.35em}.mw-parser-output sup.template-chem2-sup{font-size:80%;vertical-align:0.65em}</style><span class="chemf nowrap">(Mg,Fe)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>SiO<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub></span>. The magnesium-rich olivine of peridotites is typically olive-green in color.<sup id="cite_ref-Nesse2000_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nesse2000-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pyroxenes are chain silicates having the variable formula <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">(Ca,Na,Fe<sup class="template-chem2-sup">II</sup>,Mg)(Cr,Al,Fe<sup class="template-chem2-sup">III</sup>,Mg,Mn,Ti,V)Si<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>O<sub class="template-chem2-sub">6</sub></span> comprising a large group of different minerals. These are divided into orthopyroxenes (with an <a href="/wiki/Orthorhombic" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthorhombic">orthorhombic</a> crystal structure) and clinopyroxenes (with a <a href="/wiki/Monoclinic" class="mw-redirect" title="Monoclinic">monoclinic</a> crystal structure).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENesse2000261–74_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENesse2000261–74-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This distinction is important in the classification of pyroxene peridotites<sup id="cite_ref-bgs_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bgs-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009142_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009142-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> since clinopyroxene melts more easily than orthopyroxene or olivine. The most common orthopyroxene is <a href="/wiki/Enstatite" title="Enstatite">enstatite</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Mg<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>Si<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>O<sub class="template-chem2-sub">6</sub></span>, in which iron substitutes for some of the magnesium. The most important clinopyroxene is <a href="/wiki/Diopside" title="Diopside">diopside</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">CaMgSi<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>O<sub class="template-chem2-sub">6</sub></span>, again with some substitution of iron for magnesium (<a href="/wiki/Hedenbergite" title="Hedenbergite">hedenbergite</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">FeCaSi<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>O<sub class="template-chem2-sub">6</sub></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENesse2000261–74_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENesse2000261–74-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ultramafic rock in which the fraction of pyroxenes exceeds 60% are classified as <a href="/wiki/Pyroxenite" title="Pyroxenite">pyroxenites</a> rather than peridotites. Pyroxenes are typically dark in color.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENesse2000261–74_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENesse2000261–74-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hornblende is an <a href="/wiki/Amphibole" title="Amphibole">amphibole</a>, a group of minerals resembling pyroxenes but with a double chain structure incorporating water. Hornblende itself has a highly variable composition, ranging from <a href="/wiki/Tschermakite" title="Tschermakite">tschermakite</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">Ca<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>(Mg,Fe)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">3</sub>Al<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>Si<sub class="template-chem2-sub">6</sub>Al<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>O<sub class="template-chem2-sub">22</sub>(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span>) to <a href="/wiki/Pargasite" title="Pargasite">pargasite</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1123817410"><span class="chemf nowrap">NaCa<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>(Mg,Fe)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">4</sub>AlSi<sub class="template-chem2-sub">6</sub>Al<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub>O<sub class="template-chem2-sub">22</sub>(OH)<sub class="template-chem2-sub">2</sub></span>) with many other variations in composition.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENesse2000277–289_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENesse2000277–289-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is present in peridotite mostly as a consequence of alteration by hydrous fluids.<sup id="cite_ref-BlatterCarmichael1998_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BlatterCarmichael1998-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MatusiakMatekEtal2017_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MatusiakMatekEtal2017-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although peridotites are classified by their content of olivine, pyroxenes, and hornblende, a number of other mineral families are characteristically present in peridotites and may make up a significant fraction of their composition. For example, chromite is sometimes present in amounts of up to 50%. (A chromite composition above 50% reclassifies the rock as a <i>peridotitic chromitite</i>.) Other common accessory minerals include <a href="/wiki/Spinel" title="Spinel">spinel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garnet" title="Garnet">garnet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biotite" title="Biotite">biotite</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Magnetite" title="Magnetite">magnetite</a>. A peridotite containing significant amounts of one of these minerals may have its classification refined accordingly; for example, if a lhertzolite contains up to 5% spinel, it is a <i>spinel-bearing lhertzolite</i>, while for amounts up to 50%, it would be classified as a <i>spinel lhertzolite</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009138_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009138-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The accessory minerals can be useful for estimating the depth of formation of the peridotite. For example, the aluminium in lhertzolite is present as <a href="/wiki/Plagioclase" title="Plagioclase">plagioclase</a> at depths shallower than about 20 kilometers (12 mi), while it is present as spinel between 20 km and 60 kilometers (37 mi) and as garnet below 60 km.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution_and_location">Distribution and location</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peridotite&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Distribution and location"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Iddingsite.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Iddingsite.JPG/220px-Iddingsite.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Iddingsite.JPG/330px-Iddingsite.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Iddingsite.JPG/440px-Iddingsite.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Olivine" title="Olivine">Olivine</a> in a peridotite <a href="/wiki/Weathering" title="Weathering">weathering</a> to <a href="/wiki/Iddingsite" title="Iddingsite">iddingsite</a> within a <a href="/wiki/Mantle_(geology)" title="Mantle (geology)">mantle</a> <a href="/wiki/Xenolith" title="Xenolith">xenolith</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Serpentinized_and_carbonated_peridotite.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Serpentinized_and_carbonated_peridotite.jpg/220px-Serpentinized_and_carbonated_peridotite.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Serpentinized_and_carbonated_peridotite.jpg/330px-Serpentinized_and_carbonated_peridotite.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Serpentinized_and_carbonated_peridotite.jpg/440px-Serpentinized_and_carbonated_peridotite.jpg 2x" data-file-width="504" data-file-height="264" /></a><figcaption>Serpentinized and carbonated peridotite<sup id="cite_ref-DCOdecadal_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DCOdecadal-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Peridotite is the dominant rock of the Earth's mantle above a depth of about 400 km; below that depth, olivine is converted to the higher-pressure mineral <a href="/wiki/Wadsleyite" title="Wadsleyite">wadsleyite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Oceanic plates consist of up to about 100 km of peridotite covered by a thin crust. The crust, commonly about 6 km thick, consists of basalt, gabbro, and minor sediments. The peridotite below the ocean crust, "abyssal peridotite," is found on the walls of rifts in the deep sea floor.<sup id="cite_ref-refname_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refname-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oceanic plates are usually subducted back into the mantle in <a href="/wiki/Subduction" title="Subduction">subduction zones</a>. However, pieces can be emplaced into or overthrust on <a href="/wiki/Continental_crust" title="Continental crust">continental crust</a> by a process called <a href="/wiki/Obduction" title="Obduction">obduction</a>, rather than carried down into the mantle. The emplacement may occur during <a href="/wiki/Orogeny" title="Orogeny">orogenies</a>, as during collisions of one continent with another or with an <a href="/wiki/Island_arc" title="Island arc">island arc</a>. The pieces of oceanic plates emplaced within continental crust are referred to as <a href="/wiki/Ophiolites" class="mw-redirect" title="Ophiolites">ophiolites</a>. Typical ophiolites consist mostly of peridotite plus associated rocks such as <a href="/wiki/Gabbro" title="Gabbro">gabbro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pillow_basalt" class="mw-redirect" title="Pillow basalt">pillow basalt</a>, diabase sill-and-dike complexes, and red chert.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009370–374_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009370–374-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Alpine peridotite</i> or <i>orogenic peridotite massif</i> is an older term for an ophiolite emplaced in a mountain belt during a continent-continent plate collision.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009371_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009371-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Peridotites also occur as fragments (<a href="/wiki/Xenolith" title="Xenolith">xenoliths</a>) carried up by magmas from the mantle. Among the rocks that commonly include peridotite xenoliths are <a href="/wiki/Basalt" title="Basalt">basalt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kimberlite" title="Kimberlite">kimberlite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-padovani-reid-1989_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-padovani-reid-1989-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although <a href="/wiki/Kimberlite" title="Kimberlite">kimberlite</a> is a variant of peridotite, kimberlite is also considered as <a href="/wiki/Breccia" title="Breccia">brecciated</a> volcanic material as well,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is why it is referred to as a source of peridotite xenoliths. Peridotite xenoliths contain osmium and other elements whose <a href="/wiki/Stable_isotope_ratio" title="Stable isotope ratio">stable isotope ratios</a> provide clues on the formation and evolution of the Earth's mantle.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such xenoliths originate from depths of up to nearly 200 kilometers (120 mi)<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or more.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The volcanic equivalent of peridotites are <a href="/wiki/Komatiite" title="Komatiite">komatiites</a>, which were mostly erupted early in the Earth's history and are rare in rocks younger than <a href="/wiki/Archean" title="Archean">Archean</a> in age.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Small pieces of peridotite have been found in lunar breccias.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The rocks of the peridotite family are uncommon at the surface and are highly unstable, because olivine reacts quickly with water at typical temperatures of the upper crust and at the Earth's surface. Many, if not most, surface outcrops have been at least partly altered to <a href="/wiki/Serpentinite" title="Serpentinite">serpentinite</a>, a process in which the pyroxenes and olivines are converted to green <a href="/wiki/Serpentine_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Serpentine group">serpentine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Nesse2000_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nesse2000-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This hydration reaction involves considerable increase in volume with concurrent deformation of the original textures.<sup id="cite_ref-Mevel2003_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mevel2003-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Serpentinites are mechanically weak and so flow readily within the earth.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Distinctive plant communities grow in soils developed on serpentinite, because of the unusual composition of the underlying rock.<sup id="cite_ref-Presidio_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Presidio-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One mineral in the serpentine group, <a href="/wiki/Chrysotile" title="Chrysotile">chrysotile</a>, is a type of asbestos.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENesse2000241–242_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENesse2000241–242-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Color,_morphology,_and_texture"><span id="Color.2C_morphology.2C_and_texture"></span>Color, morphology, and texture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peridotite&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Color, morphology, and texture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dunite0001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Dunite0001.jpg/220px-Dunite0001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Dunite0001.jpg/330px-Dunite0001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Dunite0001.jpg/440px-Dunite0001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Alpine peridotite from the <a href="/wiki/Ivrea_zone" title="Ivrea zone">Ivrea zone</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a> of Italy (<a href="/wiki/Dunite" title="Dunite">dunite</a> from Finero)</figcaption></figure> <p>Most peridotite is green in color due to its high olivine content. However, peridotites can range in color from greenish-gray<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to nearly black<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to pale yellowish-green.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Peridotite weathers to form a distinctive brown crust in subaerial exposures<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to a deep orange color in submarine exposures.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Peridotites can take on a massive form or may be in layers on a variety of size scales.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlattTracy199653_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlattTracy199653-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Layered peridotites may form the base layers of layered intrusions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009384–386_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009384–386-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These are characterized by <a href="/wiki/Cumulate_texture" class="mw-redirect" title="Cumulate texture">cumulate textures</a>, characterized by a <a href="/wiki/Fabric_(geology)" title="Fabric (geology)">fabric</a> of coarse (>5mm) interlocking euhedral (well-formed) crystals in a groundmass of finer crystals formed from liquid magma trapped in the cumulate. Many show <a href="/wiki/Poikilitic_texture" title="Poikilitic texture">poikilitic texture</a> in which crystallization of this liquid has produced crystals that overgrow and enclose the original cumulus crystals (called <i>chadrocrysts</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlattTracy1996130–131_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlattTracy1996130–131-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another texture is a <i>well-annealed</i> texture of equal sized anhedral crystals with straight grain boundaries intersecting at 120°. This may result when slow cooling allowed recrystallization to minimize surface energy. Cataclastic texture, showing irregular fractures and <a href="/wiki/Deformation_twinning" class="mw-redirect" title="Deformation twinning">deformation twinning</a> of olivine grains, is common in peridotites because of the deformation associated with their tectonic mode of emplacement.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBlattTracy199653_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlattTracy199653-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin">Origin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peridotite&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peridotite_mantle_xenoliths_in_phonotephrite_(Peridot_Mesa_Flow,_Middle_Pleistocene,_580_ka;_Peridot_Mesa,_San_Carlos_Volcanic_Field,_Arizona,_USA)_30.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Peridotite_mantle_xenoliths_in_phonotephrite_%28Peridot_Mesa_Flow%2C_Middle_Pleistocene%2C_580_ka%3B_Peridot_Mesa%2C_San_Carlos_Volcanic_Field%2C_Arizona%2C_USA%29_30.jpg/220px-Peridotite_mantle_xenoliths_in_phonotephrite_%28Peridot_Mesa_Flow%2C_Middle_Pleistocene%2C_580_ka%3B_Peridot_Mesa%2C_San_Carlos_Volcanic_Field%2C_Arizona%2C_USA%29_30.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Peridotite_mantle_xenoliths_in_phonotephrite_%28Peridot_Mesa_Flow%2C_Middle_Pleistocene%2C_580_ka%3B_Peridot_Mesa%2C_San_Carlos_Volcanic_Field%2C_Arizona%2C_USA%29_30.jpg/330px-Peridotite_mantle_xenoliths_in_phonotephrite_%28Peridot_Mesa_Flow%2C_Middle_Pleistocene%2C_580_ka%3B_Peridot_Mesa%2C_San_Carlos_Volcanic_Field%2C_Arizona%2C_USA%29_30.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Peridotite_mantle_xenoliths_in_phonotephrite_%28Peridot_Mesa_Flow%2C_Middle_Pleistocene%2C_580_ka%3B_Peridot_Mesa%2C_San_Carlos_Volcanic_Field%2C_Arizona%2C_USA%29_30.jpg/440px-Peridotite_mantle_xenoliths_in_phonotephrite_%28Peridot_Mesa_Flow%2C_Middle_Pleistocene%2C_580_ka%3B_Peridot_Mesa%2C_San_Carlos_Volcanic_Field%2C_Arizona%2C_USA%29_30.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2834" data-file-height="2340" /></a><figcaption>Peridotite <a href="/wiki/Xenolith" title="Xenolith">xenoliths</a> in <a href="/wiki/Phonotephrite" title="Phonotephrite">phonotephrite</a>, from Arizona</figcaption></figure> <p>Peridotites have two primary modes of origin: as mantle rocks formed during the accretion and differentiation of the Earth, or as cumulate rocks formed by precipitation of olivine ± pyroxenes from basaltic or ultramafic magmas. These magmas are ultimately derived from the <a href="/wiki/Upper_mantle_(Earth)" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper mantle (Earth)">upper mantle</a> by partial melting of mantle peridotites.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue20092,_370–374,_384–390_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue20092,_370–374,_384–390-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mantle peridotites are sampled as ophiolites in collisional mountain ranges, as xenoliths in basalt or kimberlite, or as abyssal peridotites (sampled from ocean floor).<sup id="cite_ref-refname_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refname-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These rocks represent either fertile mantle (lherzolite) or partially depleted mantle (harzburgite, dunite).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue200943–44,_370–374,_385,_391,_590,_601–604_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue200943–44,_370–374,_385,_391,_590,_601–604-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alpine peridotites may be either of the ophiolite association and representing the uppermost mantle below ocean basins, or masses of subcontinental mantle emplaced along thrust faults in mountain belts.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Layered peridotites are igneous sediments and form by mechanical accumulation of dense olivine crystals.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They form from mantle-derived magmas, such as those of basalt composition.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009384_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009384-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Peridotites associated with Alaskan-type ultramafic complexes are cumulates that probably formed in the root zones of volcanoes.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cumulate peridotites are also formed in <a href="/wiki/Komatiite" title="Komatiite">komatiite</a> lava flows.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Associated_rocks">Associated rocks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peridotite&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Associated rocks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Komatiite" title="Komatiite">Komatiites</a> are high temperature partial melts of peridotite characterized by a high degree of partial melting deep below the surface.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009399–400_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009399–400-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Eclogite" title="Eclogite">Eclogite</a>, a rock similar to basalt in composition, is composed primarily of <a href="/wiki/Omphacite" title="Omphacite">omphacite</a> (sodic clinopyroxene) and <a href="/wiki/Pyrope" title="Pyrope">pyrope</a>-rich garnet. Eclogite is associated with peridotite in some xenolith occurrences;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009395,_602_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009395,_602-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it also occurs with peridotite in rocks <a href="/wiki/Eclogitization" title="Eclogitization">metamorphosed</a> at high pressures during processes related to subduction.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009590,_598_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009590,_598-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economic_geology">Economic geology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peridotite&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Economic geology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Peridotite may potentially be used in a low-cost, safe and permanent method of capturing and storing atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> as part of <a href="/wiki/Global_warming" class="mw-redirect" title="Global warming">climate change</a>-related <a href="/wiki/Carbon_capture_and_storage" title="Carbon capture and storage">greenhouse gas sequestration</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was already known that peridotite reacts with CO<sub>2</sub> to form a solid <a href="/wiki/Carbonate_rock" title="Carbonate rock">carbonate</a>-like limestone or marble mineral; and this process can be sped up a million times or more by simple <a href="/wiki/Drilling" title="Drilling">drilling</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_fracturing" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydraulic fracturing">hydraulic fracturing</a> to allow injection of the CO<sub>2</sub> into the subsurface peridotite formation.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Peridotite is named for the <a href="/wiki/Gemstone" title="Gemstone">gemstone</a> <a href="/wiki/Peridot" title="Peridot">peridot</a>, a glassy green gem originally mined on <a href="/wiki/Zabargad_Island" title="Zabargad Island">St. John's Island in the Red Sea</a><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and now mined on the <a href="/wiki/San_Carlos_Apache_Indian_Reservation" title="San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation">San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation</a> in Arizona.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Peridotite that has been hydrated at low temperatures is the protolith for <a href="/wiki/Serpentinite" title="Serpentinite">serpentinite</a>, which may include chrysotile asbestos (a form of serpentine)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENesse2000241–242_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENesse2000241–242-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Talc" title="Talc">talc</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENesse2000242–243_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENesse2000242–243-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Layered intrusions with cumulate peridotite are typically associated with sulfide or chromite ores. Sulfides associated with peridotites form nickel ores and platinoid metals; most of the <a href="/wiki/Platinum" title="Platinum">platinum</a> used in the world today is mined from the <a href="/wiki/Bushveld_Igneous_Complex" title="Bushveld Igneous Complex">Bushveld Igneous Complex</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Great_Dyke" title="Great Dyke">Great Dyke</a> of <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENesse2000387–388_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENesse2000387–388-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chromite bands found in peridotites are the world's major source of <a href="/wiki/Chromium" title="Chromium">chromium</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENesse2000361–362_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENesse2000361–362-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peridotite&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Collins Australian Dictionary, 7th edition</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jackson1997um-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jackson1997um_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJackson1997" class="citation book cs1">Jackson, Julia A., ed. (1997). "ultramafic rock". <i>Glossary of geology</i> (Fourth ed.). Alexandria, Virginia: American Geological Institute. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0922152349" title="Special:BookSources/0922152349"><bdi>0922152349</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=ultramafic+rock&rft.btitle=Glossary+of+geology.&rft.place=Alexandria%2C+Virginia&rft.edition=Fourth&rft.pub=American+Geological+Institute&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0922152349&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeridotite" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PhilpottsAgue2009ch6-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PhilpottsAgue2009ch6_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhilpottsAgue2009" class="citation book cs1">Philpotts, Anthony R.; Ague, Jay J. (2009). <i>Principles of igneous and metamorphic petrology</i> (2nd ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. 137–142. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521880060" title="Special:BookSources/9780521880060"><bdi>9780521880060</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Principles+of+igneous+and+metamorphic+petrology&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+UK&rft.pages=137-142&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780521880060&rft.aulast=Philpotts&rft.aufirst=Anthony+R.&rft.au=Ague%2C+Jay+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeridotite" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bgs-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bgs_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bgs_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bgs_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/3223/1/RR99006.pdf">"Rock Classification Scheme - Vol 1 - Igneous"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>British Geological Survey: Rock Classification Scheme</i>. <b>1</b>: 1–52. 1999.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=British+Geological+Survey%3A+Rock+Classification+Scheme&rft.atitle=Rock+Classification+Scheme+-+Vol+1+-+Igneous&rft.volume=1&rft.pages=1-52&rft.date=1999&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnora.nerc.ac.uk%2Fid%2Feprint%2F3223%2F1%2FRR99006.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeridotite" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009142-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009142_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009142_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPhilpottsAgue2009">Philpotts & Ague 2009</a>, p. 142.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue200943–44,_372–373-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue200943–44,_372–373_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPhilpottsAgue2009">Philpotts & Ague 2009</a>, pp. 43–44, 372–373.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009385-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009385_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009385_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPhilpottsAgue2009">Philpotts & Ague 2009</a>, p. 385.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJackson1997"dunite"-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJackson1997"dunite"_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJackson1997">Jackson 1997</a>, "dunite".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geology.com/rocks/peridotite.shtml">"Peridotite: Igneous Rock - Pictures, Definition & More"</a>. <i>geology.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Professional Paper. <b>1564</b>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3133%2Fpp1564">10.3133/pp1564</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027%2Fuc1.31210017370071">2027/uc1.31210017370071</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Geological+Survey+Professional+Paper&rft.atitle=Characteristics+and+petrogenesis+of+Alaskan-type+ultramafic-mafic+intrusions%2C+Southeastern+Alaska&rft.volume=1564&rft.date=1995&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027%2Fuc1.31210017370071&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3133%2Fpp1564&rft.aulast=Himmelberg&rft.aufirst=G.R.&rft.au=Loney%2C+R.A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.3133%252Fpp1564&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeridotite" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSzilasvan_HinsbergMcDonaldNæraa2018" class="citation journal cs1">Szilas, Kristoffer; van Hinsberg, Vincent; McDonald, Iain; Næraa, Tomas; Rollinson, Hugh; Adetunji, Jacob; Bird, Dennis (May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.gsf.2017.05.003">"Highly refractory Archaean peridotite cumulates: Petrology and geochemistry of the Seqi Ultramafic Complex, SW Greenland"</a>. <i>Geoscience Frontiers</i>. <b>9</b> (3): 689–714. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018GeoFr...9..689S">2018GeoFr...9..689S</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.gsf.2017.05.003">10.1016/j.gsf.2017.05.003</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:32485665">32485665</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoscience+Frontiers&rft.atitle=Highly+refractory+Archaean+peridotite+cumulates%3A+Petrology+and+geochemistry+of+the+Seqi+Ultramafic+Complex%2C+SW+Greenland&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=689-714&rft.date=2018-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A32485665%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.gsf.2017.05.003&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2018GeoFr...9..689S&rft.aulast=Szilas&rft.aufirst=Kristoffer&rft.au=van+Hinsberg%2C+Vincent&rft.au=McDonald%2C+Iain&rft.au=N%C3%A6raa%2C+Tomas&rft.au=Rollinson%2C+Hugh&rft.au=Adetunji%2C+Jacob&rft.au=Bird%2C+Dennis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.gsf.2017.05.003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeridotite" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009399–400-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009399–400_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPhilpottsAgue2009">Philpotts & Ague 2009</a>, pp. 399–400.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009395,_602-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009395,_602_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPhilpottsAgue2009">Philpotts & Ague 2009</a>, p. 395, 602.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009590,_598-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhilpottsAgue2009590,_598_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPhilpottsAgue2009">Philpotts & Ague 2009</a>, p. 590, 598.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/11/081105180813.htm">"Rocks Could Be Harnessed To Sponge Vast Amounts Of Carbon Dioxide From Air"</a>. <i>Science Daily</i>. November 6, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+Daily&rft.atitle=Rocks+Could+Be+Harnessed+To+Sponge+Vast+Amounts+Of+Carbon+Dioxide+From+Air&rft.date=2008-11-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedaily.com%2Freleases%2F2008%2F11%2F081105180813.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeridotite" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelemenMatter2008" class="citation journal cs1">Kelemen, P. B.; Matter, J. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2582290">"In situ carbonation of peridotite for CO<sub>2</sub> storage"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>. <b>105</b> (45): 17295–17300. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.0805794105">10.1073/pnas.0805794105</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2582290">2582290</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=In+situ+carbonation+of+peridotite+for+CO%3Csub%3E2%3C%2Fsub%3E+storage&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=45&rft.pages=17295-17300&rft.date=2008&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2582290%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.0805794105&rft.aulast=Kelemen&rft.aufirst=P.+B.&rft.au=Matter%2C+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2582290&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeridotite" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mindat.org/loc-6423.html">St. John's Island peridot information and history</a> at <a href="/wiki/Mindat.org" title="Mindat.org">Mindat.org</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinlay" class="citation book cs1">Finlay, Victoria. <i>Jewels: A Secret History</i> (Kindle ed.). Random House Publishing Group. pp. 2543–2546. <q>Although some good olive-colored crystals are found in a few other places, like Burma, China, Zambia, and Pakistan, ninety percent of all known peridots are found in just one place. It is a Native American reservation, and it is located in a little-visited corner of the United States. San Carlos</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jewels%3A+A+Secret+History&rft.pages=2543-2546&rft.edition=Kindle&rft.pub=Random+House+Publishing+Group&rft.aulast=Finlay&rft.aufirst=Victoria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeridotite" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENesse2000242–243-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENesse2000242–243_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNesse2000">Nesse 2000</a>, pp. 242–243.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENesse2000387–388-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENesse2000387–388_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNesse2000">Nesse 2000</a>, pp. 387–388.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENesse2000361–362-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENesse2000361–362_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNesse2000">Nesse 2000</a>, pp. 361–362.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peridotite&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson2019" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Anderson, A. T. Jr. (2019). "Peridotite". <i>AccessScience</i>. McGraw-Hill. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1036%2F1097-8542.498300">10.1036/1097-8542.498300</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Peridotite&rft.btitle=AccessScience&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rft.date=2019&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1036%2F1097-8542.498300&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=A.+T.+Jr.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeridotite" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>J.-L. Bodinier and M. Godard, 2004, <i>Orogenic, Ophiolitic, and Abyssal Peridotites</i>, in <i>The Mantle and Core</i> (ed. R. W. Carlson), <i>Treatise on Geochemistry</i> v. 2, Elsevier-Pergamon, Oxford <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-08-043751-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-08-043751-6">0-08-043751-6</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peridotite&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Peridotite" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Peridotite">Peridotite</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Common_igneous_rocks_classified_by_silicon_dioxide_content" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Igneous_rocks" title="Template:Igneous rocks"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Igneous_rocks" title="Template talk:Igneous rocks"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Igneous_rocks" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Igneous rocks"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Common_igneous_rocks_classified_by_silicon_dioxide_content" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Common <a href="/wiki/Igneous_rock" title="Igneous rock">igneous rocks</a> classified by <a href="/wiki/Silicon_dioxide" title="Silicon dioxide">silicon dioxide</a> content</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;">Type</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Ultramafic_rock" title="Ultramafic rock">Ultramafic</a><br /><45% <a href="/wiki/Silicon_dioxide" title="Silicon dioxide">SiO<sub>2</sub></a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Mafic" title="Mafic">Mafic</a><br />45–52% <a href="/wiki/Silicon_dioxide" title="Silicon dioxide">SiO<sub>2</sub></a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Intermediate_composition" title="Intermediate composition">Intermediate</a><br />52–63% <a href="/wiki/Silicon_dioxide" title="Silicon dioxide">SiO<sub>2</sub></a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Intermediate_composition" title="Intermediate composition">Intermediate</a>–<a href="/wiki/Felsic" title="Felsic">felsic</a><br />63–69% <a href="/wiki/Silicon_dioxide" title="Silicon dioxide">SiO<sub>2</sub></a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;"><a href="/wiki/Felsic" title="Felsic">Felsic</a><br />>69% <a href="/wiki/Silicon_dioxide" title="Silicon dioxide">SiO<sub>2</sub></a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align: center;width:12%;"><div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Volcanic_rock" title="Volcanic rock">Volcanic rocks</a>:</b><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Subvolcanic_rock" title="Subvolcanic rock">Subvolcanic rocks</a>:</b><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Pluton" class="mw-redirect" title="Pluton">Plutonic rocks</a>:</b> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:12%;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Picrite_basalt" title="Picrite basalt">Picrite basalt</a><br /><br /><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Peridotite</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:12%;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Basalt" title="Basalt">Basalt</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Diabase" title="Diabase">Diabase (Dolerite)</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Gabbro" title="Gabbro">Gabbro</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:12%;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Andesite" title="Andesite">Andesite</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Diorite" title="Diorite">Microdiorite</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Diorite" title="Diorite">Diorite</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:12%;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Dacite" title="Dacite">Dacite</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Granodiorite" title="Granodiorite">Microgranodiorite</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Granodiorite" title="Granodiorite">Granodiorite</a> </p> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;width:12%;"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Rhyolite" title="Rhyolite">Rhyolite</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">Microgranite</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">Granite</a> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Types_of_rocks" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rock_type" title="Template:Rock type"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rock_type" title="Template talk:Rock type"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rock_type" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rock type"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Types_of_rocks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Types of rocks</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Igneous_rock" title="Igneous rock">Igneous rock</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adakite" title="Adakite">Adakite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andesite" title="Andesite">Andesite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alkali_feldspar_granite" title="Alkali feldspar granite">Alkali feldspar granite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anorthosite" title="Anorthosite">Anorthosite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aplite" title="Aplite">Aplite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basalt" title="Basalt">Basalt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alkali_basalt" title="Alkali basalt">Alkali basalt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picrite_basalt" title="Picrite basalt">Picrite basalt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basaltic_trachyandesite" class="mw-redirect" title="Basaltic trachyandesite">Basaltic trachyandesite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mugearite" title="Mugearite">Mugearite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshonite" title="Shoshonite">Shoshonite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basanite" title="Basanite">Basanite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blairmorite" title="Blairmorite">Blairmorite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boninite" title="Boninite">Boninite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbonatite" title="Carbonatite">Carbonatite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charnockite" title="Charnockite">Charnockite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enderbite" title="Enderbite">Enderbite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacite" title="Dacite">Dacite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diabase" title="Diabase">Diabase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diorite" title="Diorite">Diorite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleonite" title="Napoleonite">Napoleonite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunite" title="Dunite">Dunite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essexite" title="Essexite">Essexite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foidolite" title="Foidolite">Foidolite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabbro" title="Gabbro">Gabbro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">Granite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granodiorite" title="Granodiorite">Granodiorite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granophyre" title="Granophyre">Granophyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harzburgite" title="Harzburgite">Harzburgite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hornblendite" title="Hornblendite">Hornblendite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyaloclastite" title="Hyaloclastite">Hyaloclastite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandite" title="Icelandite">Icelandite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignimbrite" title="Ignimbrite">Ignimbrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ijolite" title="Ijolite">Ijolite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimberlite" title="Kimberlite">Kimberlite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komatiite" title="Komatiite">Komatiite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamproite" title="Lamproite">Lamproite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamprophyre" title="Lamprophyre">Lamprophyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latite" title="Latite">Latite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lherzolite" title="Lherzolite">Lherzolite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monzogranite" title="Monzogranite">Monzogranite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monzonite" title="Monzonite">Monzonite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepheline_syenite" title="Nepheline syenite">Nepheline syenite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nephelinite" title="Nephelinite">Nephelinite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norite" title="Norite">Norite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obsidian" title="Obsidian">Obsidian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegmatite" title="Pegmatite">Pegmatite</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Peridotite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonolite" title="Phonolite">Phonolite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phonotephrite" title="Phonotephrite">Phonotephrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porphyry_(geology)" title="Porphyry (geology)">Porphyry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumice" title="Pumice">Pumice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyroxenite" title="Pyroxenite">Pyroxenite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartz_diorite" title="Quartz diorite">Quartz diorite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartz_monzonite" title="Quartz monzonite">Quartz monzonite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartzolite" title="Quartzolite">Quartzolite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhyodacite" title="Rhyodacite">Rhyodacite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhyolite" title="Rhyolite">Rhyolite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comendite" title="Comendite">Comendite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantellerite" title="Pantellerite">Pantellerite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scoria" title="Scoria">Scoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shonkinite" title="Shonkinite">Shonkinite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovite" title="Sovite">Sovite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syenite" title="Syenite">Syenite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tachylyte" class="mw-redirect" title="Tachylyte">Tachylyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tephriphonolite" title="Tephriphonolite">Tephriphonolite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tephrite" title="Tephrite">Tephrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonalite" title="Tonalite">Tonalite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trachyandesite" title="Trachyandesite">Trachyandesite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benmoreite" title="Benmoreite">Benmoreite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trachybasalt" title="Trachybasalt">Trachybasalt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiite" title="Hawaiite">Hawaiite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trachyte" title="Trachyte">Trachyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troctolite" title="Troctolite">Troctolite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trondhjemite" title="Trondhjemite">Trondhjemite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuff" title="Tuff">Tuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Websterite" title="Websterite">Websterite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wehrlite" title="Wehrlite">Wehrlite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sedimentary_rock" title="Sedimentary rock">Sedimentary rock</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argillite" title="Argillite">Argillite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkose" title="Arkose">Arkose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banded_iron_formation" title="Banded iron formation">Banded iron formation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breccia" title="Breccia">Breccia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcarenite" title="Calcarenite">Calcarenite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalk" title="Chalk">Chalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chert" title="Chert">Chert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claystone" class="mw-redirect" title="Claystone">Claystone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coal" title="Coal">Coal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conglomerate_(geology)" title="Conglomerate (geology)">Conglomerate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coquina" title="Coquina">Coquina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamictite" title="Diamictite">Diamictite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diatomite" class="mw-redirect" title="Diatomite">Diatomite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolomite_(rock)" title="Dolomite (rock)">Dolomite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evaporite" title="Evaporite">Evaporite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flint" title="Flint">Flint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geyserite" title="Geyserite">Geyserite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greywacke" title="Greywacke">Greywacke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gritstone" title="Gritstone">Gritstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itacolumite" title="Itacolumite">Itacolumite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaspillite" title="Jaspillite">Jaspillite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laterite" title="Laterite">Laterite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lignite" title="Lignite">Lignite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">Limestone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumachelle" title="Lumachelle">Lumachelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marl" title="Marl">Marl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudstone" title="Mudstone">Mudstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_shale" title="Oil shale">Oil shale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oolite" title="Oolite">Oolite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phosphorite" title="Phosphorite">Phosphorite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandstone" title="Sandstone">Sandstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shale" title="Shale">Shale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siltstone" title="Siltstone">Siltstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvinite" title="Sylvinite">Sylvinite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tillite" class="mw-redirect" title="Tillite">Tillite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travertine" title="Travertine">Travertine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tufa" title="Tufa">Tufa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbidite" title="Turbidite">Turbidite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varve" title="Varve">Varve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wackestone" title="Wackestone">Wackestone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metamorphic_rock" title="Metamorphic rock">Metamorphic rock</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthracite" title="Anthracite">Anthracite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibolite" title="Amphibolite">Amphibolite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blueschist" title="Blueschist">Blueschist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cataclasite" title="Cataclasite">Cataclasite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eclogite" title="Eclogite">Eclogite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gneiss" title="Gneiss">Gneiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granulite" title="Granulite">Granulite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenschist" title="Greenschist">Greenschist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hornfels" title="Hornfels">Hornfels</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcflinta" title="Calcflinta">Calcflinta</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itabirite" title="Itabirite">Itabirite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litchfieldite" title="Litchfieldite">Litchfieldite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marble" title="Marble">Marble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migmatite" title="Migmatite">Migmatite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mylonite" title="Mylonite">Mylonite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metapelite" class="mw-redirect" title="Metapelite">Metapelite</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metapsammite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metapsammite (page does not exist)">Metapsammite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phyllite" title="Phyllite">Phyllite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudotachylite" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudotachylite">Pseudotachylite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartzite" title="Quartzite">Quartzite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schist" title="Schist">Schist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serpentinite" title="Serpentinite">Serpentinite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skarn" title="Skarn">Skarn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slate" title="Slate">Slate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suevite" title="Suevite">Suevite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talc_carbonate" title="Talc carbonate">Talc carbonate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soapstone" title="Soapstone">Soapstone</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tectonite" title="Tectonite">Tectonite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whiteschist" title="Whiteschist">Whiteschist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specific varieties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adamellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Adamellite">Adamellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appinite" title="Appinite">Appinite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aphanite" title="Aphanite">Aphanite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borolanite" title="Borolanite">Borolanite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larvikite" title="Larvikite">Blue Granite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epidosite" title="Epidosite">Epidosite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felsite" title="Felsite">Felsite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flint" title="Flint">Flint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganister" title="Ganister">Ganister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gossan" title="Gossan">Gossan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyaloclastite" title="Hyaloclastite">Hyaloclastite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ijolite" title="Ijolite">Ijolite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jadeitite" title="Jadeitite">Jadeitite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasperoid" title="Jasperoid">Jasperoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyte" title="Kenyte">Kenyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapis_lazuli" title="Lapis lazuli">Lapis lazuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larvikite" title="Larvikite">Larvikite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litchfieldite" title="Litchfieldite">Litchfieldite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llanite" title="Llanite">Llanite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxullianite" title="Luxullianite">Luxullianite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangerite" title="Mangerite">Mangerite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novaculite" title="Novaculite">Novaculite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietersite" title="Pietersite">Pietersite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrolite" title="Pyrolite">Pyrolite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapakivi_granite" title="Rapakivi granite">Rapakivi granite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhomb_porphyry" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhomb porphyry">Rhomb porphyry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodingite" title="Rodingite">Rodingite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shonkinite" title="Shonkinite">Shonkinite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taconite" title="Taconite">Taconite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tachylite" title="Tachylite">Tachylite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teschenite" title="Teschenite">Teschenite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theralite" title="Theralite">Theralite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unakite" title="Unakite">Unakite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variolite" title="Variolite">Variolite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wad_(mineral)" title="Wad (mineral)">Wad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peridotite&oldid=1242212827">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peridotite&oldid=1242212827</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: 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