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class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Ändra utseendet på sidans teckenstorlek, bredd och färg" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Utseende" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Logga in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Fler alternativ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personliga verktyg" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personliga verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Användarmeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=sv.wikipedia.org&uselang=sv"><span>Stöd Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Skapa_konto&returnto=Istanbul" title="Du uppmuntras att skapa ett konto och logga in, men det är inte obligatoriskt"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skapa konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Inloggning&returnto=Istanbul" title="Inloggning ger tillgång till fler funktioner för den som vill skriva och redigera artiklar. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logga in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sidor för utloggade redigerare <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lp:Introduktion" aria-label="Läs mer om redigering"><span>läs mer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Mina_bidrag" title="En lista över redigeringar från denna IP-adress [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Min_diskussion" title="Diskussion om redigeringar från det här IP-numret [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innehåll" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innehåll</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etymologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etymologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stadsbild" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stadsbild"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Stadsbild</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stadsbild-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrativ_indelning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrativ_indelning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Administrativ indelning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrativ_indelning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Historia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Historia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Antikens_Byzantion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antikens_Byzantion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Antikens Byzantion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antikens_Byzantion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bysantinsk_tid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bysantinsk_tid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Bysantinsk tid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bysantinsk_tid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Osmansk_tid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Osmansk_tid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Osmansk tid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Osmansk_tid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Istanbul_i_republiken_Turkiet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istanbul_i_republiken_Turkiet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Istanbul i republiken Turkiet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Istanbul_i_republiken_Turkiet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sevärdheter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sevärdheter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Sevärdheter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sevärdheter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klimat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klimat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Klimat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klimat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Turism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_även" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_även"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Se även</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Referenser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externa_länkar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externa_länkar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Externa länkar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externa_länkar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Innehållsförteckning" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Istanbul</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 226 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-226" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">226 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89seutamu" title="Éseutamu – acehnesiska" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Éseutamu" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="acehnesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Истамбыл – kabardinska" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Истамбыл" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardinska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Истамбыл – adygeiska" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Истамбыл" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adygeiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboel" title="Istanboel – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Istanboel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – schweizertyska" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="schweizertyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A2%E1%88%B5%E1%89%B3%E1%8A%95%E1%89%A1%E1%88%8D" title="ኢስታንቡል – amhariska" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኢስታንቡል" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantinopolis" title="Constantinopolis – fornengelska" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Constantinopolis" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="fornengelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Сҭампыл – abchaziska" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Сҭампыл" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abchaziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="إسطنبول – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إسطنبول" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul – aragonesiska" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Istambul" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%9D%DC%A3%DC%9B%DC%A2%DC%92%DC%98%DC%A0_(%DC%A1%DC%95%DC%9D%DC%A2%DC%AC%DC%90)" title="ܐܝܣܛܢܒܘܠ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ) – arameiska" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܝܣܛܢܒܘܠ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ)" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arameiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%BD%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BA%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC" title="Իսթանպուլ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Իսթանպուլ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboul" title="Istanboul – frankoprovensalska" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Istanboul" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="frankoprovensalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2" title="ইষ্টানবুল – assamesiska" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ইষ্টানবুল" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul – asturiska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul – guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – avariska" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="ایستانبول – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایستانبول" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – balinesiska" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2" title="ইস্তাম্বুল – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইস্তাম্বুল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – basjkiriska" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkiriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तांबुल – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="इस्तांबुल" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – bayerska" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bayerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – bretonska" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – tjuvasjiska" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tjuvasjiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – walesiska" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="إسطنبول – marockansk arabiska" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إسطنبول" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="marockansk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – nordsamiska" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="nordsamiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bra artikel"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C5%82ch%CA%BC%C4%AF%CA%BC_N%C3%A1%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%A1h%C3%A1" title="Ałchʼįʼ Nááʼáhá – navaho" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Ałchʼįʼ Nááʼáhá" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navaho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – lågsorbiska" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="lågsorbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%89%CE%BD%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B7" title="Κωνσταντινούπολη – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κωνσταντινούπολη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Стамбул ош – erjya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Стамбул ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erjya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbulo" title="Istanbulo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Istanbulo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul – extremaduriska" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremaduriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استانبول – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="استانبول" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Fiji-hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji-hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – färöiska" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="färöiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanb%C3%BBl" title="Istanbûl – västfrisiska" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Istanbûl" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="västfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – friulianska" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iostanb%C3%BAl" title="Iostanbúl – iriska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Iostanbúl" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – gagauziska" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagauziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – skotsk gaeliska" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk gaeliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Istambul" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Истмале – ingusjiska" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Истмале" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingusjiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E7%88%BE" title="伊斯坦布爾 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="伊斯坦布爾" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8A%D9%84" title="ايستامبۊل – gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="ايستامبۊل" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%80%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%BB" title="𐌺𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌿𐌻 – gotiska" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌺𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌿𐌻" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gotiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%84%EB%B6%88" title="이스탄불 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이스탄불" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC" title="Ստամբուլ – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ստամբուլ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तांबुल – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इस्तांबुल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – högsorbiska" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="högsorbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – ossetiska" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanb%C3%BAl" title="Istanbúl – isländska" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Istanbúl" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="isländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C" title="איסטנבול – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איסטנבול" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – javanesiska" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isitambuli" title="Isitambuli – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Isitambuli" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D" title="ಇಸ್ತಾಂಬುಲ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಇಸ್ತಾಂಬುಲ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – karachay-balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karachay-balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="სტამბოლი – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სტამბოლი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sztamb%C3%B9l" title="Sztambùl – kasjubiska" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Sztambùl" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kasjubiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D2%B1%D0%BB" title="Ыстанбұл – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ыстанбұл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – korniska" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="korniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – kinjarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinjarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboul" title="Istanboul – haitiska" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Istanboul" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stembol" title="Stembol – kurdiska" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Stembol" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – kirgiziska" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – västmariska" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="västmariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambol" title="Estambol – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Estambol" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истамбул – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Истамбул" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantinopolis" title="Constantinopolis – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Constantinopolis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambula" title="Stambula – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Stambula" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – luxemburgiska" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истамбул – lezghien" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Истамбул" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezghien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambulas" title="Stambulas – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Stambulas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboel" title="Istanboel – limburgiska" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Istanboel" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – lombardiska" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isztambul" title="Isztambul – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Isztambul" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – malagassiska" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BE" title="ഇസ്താംബുൾ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇസ്താംബുൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – maltesiska" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%C4%81nipuru" title="Itānipuru – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Itānipuru" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तंबूल – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इस्तंबूल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="სტამბოლი – mingrelianska" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სტამბოლი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استانبول – egyptisk arabiska" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="استانبول" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استامبول – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="استامبول" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – moksja" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – mongoliska" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="အစ်စတန်ဘူလ်မြို့ – burmesiska" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အစ်စတန်ဘူလ်မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – fijianska" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fijianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboel" title="Istanboel – lågsaxiska" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Istanboel" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="lågsaxiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल – nepalesiska" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तान्बुल – newariska" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="इस्तान्बुल" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%96%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="イスタンブール – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イスタンブール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истамбул – tjetjenska" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Истамбул" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tjetjenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – nordfrisiska" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbuel" title="Istanbuel – Pitcairn-Norfolk" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Istanbuel" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Pitcairn-Norfolk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coustantinobles" title="Coustantinobles – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Coustantinobles" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambol" title="Istambol – occitanska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Istambol" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – uzbekiska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B2" title="ਇਸਤਾਨਬੁਲ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਸਤਾਨਬੁਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استنبول – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="استنبول" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استنبول – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="استنبول" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – jamaikansk engelsk kreol" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="jamaikansk engelsk kreol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istamboul" title="Istamboul – pikardiska" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Istamboul" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="pikardiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – piemontesiska" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – lågtyska" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lågtyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambu%C5%82" title="Stambuł – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Stambuł" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Istambul" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – karakalpakiska" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – krimtatariska" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krimtatariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – rätoromanska" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="rätoromanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanpul" title="Istanpul – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Istanpul" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Істанбул – rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Істанбул" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – jakutiska" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – sardinska" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardinska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – skotska" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambolli" title="Stambolli – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Stambolli" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – sicilianska" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%89%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A" title="ඉස්තාන්බුල් – singalesiska" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඉස්තාන්බුල්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استنبول – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="استنبول" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carigrad" title="Carigrad – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Carigrad" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%A3%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%84%D1%8C_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8A" title="Цѣсар҄ь Градъ – kyrkslaviska" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Цѣсар҄ь Градъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="kyrkslaviska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambu%C5%82" title="Stambuł – silesiska" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Stambuł" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbuul" title="Istanbuul – somaliska" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Istanbuul" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%88%DA%B5" title="ئەستەمبوڵ – centralkurdiska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەستەمبوڵ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralkurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="இசுதான்புல் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இசுதான்புல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul – kabyliska" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Istambul" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – tatariska" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" title="ఇస్తాంబుల్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇస్తాంబుల్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A5" title="อิสตันบูล – thailändska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อิสตันบูล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailändska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – tadzjikiska" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadzjikiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambul" title="Stambul – turkmeniska" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Stambul" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itambut" title="Itambut – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Itambut" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул – tuviniska" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuviniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – udmurtiska" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurtiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استنبول – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="استنبول" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%89%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%DB%87%D9%84" title="ئىستانبۇل – uiguriska" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئىستانبۇل" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – venetianska" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambul" title="Stambul – veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Stambul" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – võru" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E7%88%BE" title="伊斯坦布爾 – litterär kineiska" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="伊斯坦布爾" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="litterär kineiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – västflamländska" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="västflamländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94" title="伊斯坦布尔 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伊斯坦布尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C" title="סטאמבול – jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סטאמבול" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%A0%A1" title="伊斯坦堡 – kantonesiska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="伊斯坦堡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estamol" title="Estamol – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Estamol" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – zeeländska" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zeeländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambols" title="Stambols – samogitiska" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Stambols" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%A0%A1" title="伊斯坦堡 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊斯坦堡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – centraldusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="centraldusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – ibanska" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="ibanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul – talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%9F%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8D" title="ⵉⵙⵟⴰⵏⴱⵓⵍ – marockansk standard-tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵉⵙⵟⴰⵏⴱⵓⵍ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="marockansk standard-tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q406#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Istanbul" rel="discussion" title="Diskussion om innehållssidan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ändra språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">svenska</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visningar"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istanbul"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=history" title="Tidigare versioner av sidan [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktyg" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktyg</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Fler alternativ" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Åtgärder </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istanbul"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=history"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Allmänt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:L%C3%A4nkar_hit/Istanbul" title="Lista över alla wikisidor som länkar hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sidor som länkar hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_relaterade_%C3%A4ndringar/Istanbul" rel="nofollow" title="Visa senaste ändringarna av sidor som den här sidan länkar till [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterade ändringar</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&oldid=56788124" title="Permanent länk till den här versionen av sidan"><span>Permanent länk</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=info" title="Mer information om denna sida"><span>Sidinformation</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citera&page=Istanbul&id=56788124&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information om hur den här artikeln kan användas som referens"><span>Använd som referens</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIstanbul"><span>Hämta förkortad url</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIstanbul"><span>Ladda ner QR-kod</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut/exportera </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a 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koordinatsystem">Koordinater</a>: <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=sv&pagename=Istanbul&params=41_0_N_29_0_E_type:city_region:TR"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Kartor, flygfoton och andra data för denna plats"><span class="latitude">41°0′N</span> <span class="longitude">29°0′Ö</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Kartor, flygfoton och andra data för denna plats">41.000°N 29.000°Ö</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.000; 29.000</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><div class="noexcerpt noprint hanvisning_bas hatnote"> <dl><dd><i>För andra betydelser, se <a href="/wiki/Istanbul_(olika_betydelser)" class="mw-disambig" title="Istanbul (olika betydelser)">Istanbul (olika betydelser)</a>.</i></dd></dl></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r53696904">.mw-parser-output .infobox{border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black;margin:.5em 0 .5em 1em;padding:.2em;float:right;clear:right;width:22em;text-align:left;font-size:88%;line-height:1.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox td,.mw-parser-output .infobox th{vertical-align:top;padding:0 .2em}.mw-parser-output .infobox caption{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered th{border:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .borderless th{border:0}.mw-parser-output .infobox-showbutton button,.mw-parser-output .infobox-showbutton .mw-collapsible-text{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedtoprow th{border:0;border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-right:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow th{border:0;border-right:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography{border:1px solid #ccd2d9;text-align:left;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedtoprow th{border-top:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedrow th{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .mergedbottomrow th{border-top:0;border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable td,.mw-parser-output .infobox.geography .maptable th{border:0;padding:0}</style><div><span></span></div> <table class="infobox geography" style="width: 256px; padding: 0; font-size: 89%;"> <tbody><tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Objektets namn (lokalt namn)"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-size: 1.25em; background-color: #dfdfdf;">Istanbul <br /><small>(İstanbul)</small> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow" title="Kategori"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #dfdfdf;">Stad </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; padding: 0.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Istanbul"><img alt="Istanbul" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg/256px-Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg" decoding="async" width="256" height="336" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg/384px-Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg/512px-Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg 2x" data-file-width="647" data-file-height="850" /></a></span></div><div style="padding-top:0.4em">Istanbul</div> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Land/länder där objektet ligger"> <th style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Land" title="Land">Land</a> </th> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap"><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkiet" title="Turkiet"><img alt="Turkiet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkiet" title="Turkiet">Turkiet</a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Delstat(er) där objektet ligger"> <th style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left;">Provins </th> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Istanbul_(provins)" class="mw-redirect" title="Istanbul (provins)">Istanbul</a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Höjd över havet"> <th style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left;">Höjdläge </th> <td>100 <a href="/wiki/Meter_%C3%B6ver_havet" title="Meter över havet">m ö.h.</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Geografiska koordinater"> <th style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Geografiska_koordinatsystem" title="Geografiska koordinatsystem">Koordinater</a> </th> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=sv&pagename=Istanbul&params=41_0_N_29_0_E_type:city_region:TR"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Kartor, flygfoton och andra data för denna plats"><span class="latitude">41°0′N</span> <span class="longitude">29°0′Ö</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Kartor, flygfoton och andra data för denna plats">41.000°N 29.000°Ö</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.000; 29.000</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Area"> <th style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Area" title="Area">Area</a> </th> <td> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Area för kommunen"> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left;"> - kommun </td> <td>5 343,02 <a href="/wiki/Kvadratkilometer" title="Kvadratkilometer">km²</a><sup id="cite_ref-IBBautharea_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IBBautharea-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Total folkmängd (inom ortens gränser)"> <th style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Folkm%C3%A4ngd" title="Folkmängd">Folkmängd</a> </th> <td> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Kommunens folkmängd (i de fall tätortens och kommunens folkmängder kan sammanblandas)"> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left;"> - kommun </td> <td>13 854 740 <small>(31 december 2012)</small><sup id="cite_ref-ADNKS_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ADNKS-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Befolkningstäthet"> <th style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Befolkningst%C3%A4thet" title="Befolkningstäthet">Befolkningstäthet</a> </th> <td> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Befolkningstäthet, kommunen"> <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left;"> - kommun </td> <td>2 593 invånare/<a href="/wiki/Kvadratkilometer" title="Kvadratkilometer">km²</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Ortens politiske ledare"> <th style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Borgm%C3%A4stare" title="Borgmästare">Borgmästare</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ekrem_Imamoglu" title="Ekrem Imamoglu">Ekrem Imamoglu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republikanska_folkpartiet" title="Republikanska folkpartiet">CHP</a>) </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Geonames"> <th style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left;">Geonames </th> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sws.geonames.org/745044">745044</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sws.geonames.org/745042">745042</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> <div style="width: 256px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"> <div style="position: relative;"> <div style="position: relative;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Istanbul_in_Turkey.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Istanbuls läge i Turkiet."><img alt="Istanbuls läge i Turkiet." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Istanbul_in_Turkey.svg/256px-Istanbul_in_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="256" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Istanbul_in_Turkey.svg/384px-Istanbul_in_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Istanbul_in_Turkey.svg/512px-Istanbul_in_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1579" data-file-height="677" /></a><figcaption> Istanbuls läge i Turkiet. </figcaption></figure></div> </div> </div><div style="padding-top: 0.4em; text-align: center;"> Istanbuls läge i Turkiet. </div> </td></tr> <tr title="Officiell eller betydande webbplats"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Webbplats" title="Webbplats">Webbplats</a>: </b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibb.istanbul/en">İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Istanbul_panorama_(16293921746).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Istanbul_panorama_%2816293921746%29.jpg/264px-Istanbul_panorama_%2816293921746%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="264" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Istanbul_panorama_%2816293921746%29.jpg/396px-Istanbul_panorama_%2816293921746%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Istanbul_panorama_%2816293921746%29.jpg/528px-Istanbul_panorama_%2816293921746%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7461" data-file-height="4162" /></a><figcaption>Vy åt öst över Istanbul med <a href="/wiki/Gyllene_hornet" title="Gyllene hornet">Gyllene hornet</a> i förgrunden sett från <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ey%C3%BCp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eyüp [inte skriven än]">Eyüp</a>, nordväst om centrum.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Istanbul</b> (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latin</a>: <span lang="la"><i>Constantinopolis</i></span>) (<a href="/wiki/Turkiska" title="Turkiska">turkiska</a>: <span lang="tr"><i>İstanbul</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Grekiska" title="Grekiska">grekiska</a>: <span lang="el">Κωνσταντινούπολις</span> <i>Konstantinoúpolis</i>, äldre <a href="/wiki/Svenska" title="Svenska">svenska</a> namn: <i><a href="/wiki/Miklag%C3%A5rd" title="Miklagård">Miklagård</a> samt <a href="/wiki/Konstantinopel" title="Konstantinopel">Konstantinopel</a></i>) är <a href="/wiki/Turkiet" title="Turkiet">Turkiets</a> största stad och är belägen vid <a href="/wiki/Bosporen" title="Bosporen">Bosporen</a> och <a href="/wiki/Marmarasj%C3%B6n" title="Marmarasjön">Marmarasjön</a> på gränsen mellan <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> och <a href="/wiki/Asien" title="Asien">Asien</a>. Istanbuls storstadskommun (<i>İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi</i>) täcker numera hela <a href="/wiki/Istanbul_(provins)" class="mw-redirect" title="Istanbul (provins)">Istanbuls provins</a> och är efter en administrativ omorganisation 2008 indelad i 39 distrikt.<sup id="cite_ref-IBBhist_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IBBhist-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Folkmängden uppgick till 13,8 miljoner invånare i slutet av 2012 på en yta av 5 343 kvadratkilometer. Av dessa bodde cirka 60 procent på den europeiska sidan och 40 procent på den asiatiska sidan.<sup id="cite_ref-ADNKS_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ADNKS-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Istanbul är Turkiets kulturella och ekonomiska centrum, trots att <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a> är huvudstaden. Staden var <a href="/wiki/Europeisk_kulturhuvudstad" title="Europeisk kulturhuvudstad">europeisk kulturhuvudstad</a> <a href="/wiki/2010" title="2010">2010</a> tillsammans med städerna <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9cs" title="Pécs">Pécs</a> och <a href="/wiki/Ruhromr%C3%A5det" title="Ruhrområdet">Ruhrområdet</a>. </p><p>Istanbul grundades av greker på <a href="/wiki/600-talet_f.Kr." title="600-talet f.Kr.">600-talet f.Kr.</a> som <i><a href="/wiki/Byzantion" title="Byzantion">Byzantion</a></i>; såsom <a href="/wiki/Nova_Roma" class="mw-redirect" title="Nova Roma">Nova Roma</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Konstantinopel" title="Konstantinopel">Konstantinopel</a> var den senare huvudstaden i <a href="/wiki/Romarriket" class="mw-redirect" title="Romarriket">Romarriket</a> och <a href="/wiki/Bysantinska_riket" title="Bysantinska riket">Bysantinska riket</a> (Östrom) från 330 fram till 1453, då den blev <a href="/wiki/Osmanska_riket" title="Osmanska riket">Osmanska rikets</a> huvudstad. Då <a href="/wiki/Republiken_Turkiet" class="mw-redirect" title="Republiken Turkiet">Republiken Turkiet</a> utropades år <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a> blev landets huvudstad <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a>. Namnet Istanbul blev officiellt år 1926.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Istanbul har förbindelse med <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4rnv%C3%A4g" title="Järnväg">järnväg</a> västerut mot Europa samt till Ankara och vidare österut i Turkiet. Numera är staden omgiven av <a href="/wiki/Motorv%C3%A4g" title="Motorväg">motorvägar</a> som leder såväl till den bulgariska gränsen som till Ankara. Broarna över Bosporen är motorvägsbroar. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymologi">Etymologi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Etymologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Etymologi"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Namnet har sagts härledas till <a href="/wiki/Grekiska" title="Grekiska">grekiskans</a> <span lang="el">εις την πόλιν</span> (<i>eis ten pólin</i>) ’i staden’, som sades ha missförståtts som stadsnamnet. En annan vanlig förklaring är att <i>İstanbul</i> helt enkelt är en <a href="/wiki/Turkiska" title="Turkiska">turkisk</a> förvrängning av <i>Konstantinopolis</i>, där <i>-stan-</i> och <i>-pol-</i> förenats med <i>i</i> som en del av den turkiska vokalbindningen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stadsbild">Stadsbild</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Stadsbild" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Stadsbild"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Staden kan delas in i tre delar: den gamla staden på halvön mellan <a href="/wiki/Gyllene_hornet" title="Gyllene hornet">Gyllene hornet</a> och <a href="/wiki/Marmarasj%C3%B6n" title="Marmarasjön">Marmarasjön</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Emin%C3%B6n%C3%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eminönü [inte skriven än]">Eminönü</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultanahmet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sultanahmet [inte skriven än]">Sultanahmet</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seraljudden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seraljudden [inte skriven än]">Seraljudden</a>), den något yngre delen norr om Gyllene hornet (<a href="/wiki/Galata" title="Galata">Galata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beyo%C4%9Flu" title="Beyoğlu">Beyoğlu</a>) och den asiatiska delen på andra sidan <a href="/wiki/Bosporen" title="Bosporen">Bosporen</a> (<a href="/wiki/%C3%9Csk%C3%BCdar" title="Üsküdar">Üsküdar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kad%C4%B1k%C3%B6y" title="Kadıköy">Kadıköy</a>). Den asiatiska och den europeiska delen av staden sammanbinds av tre broar, <a href="/wiki/15_juli_martyrernas_bro" class="mw-redirect" title="15 juli martyrernas bro">15 juli martyrernas bro</a>, invigd 1973, <a href="/wiki/Fatih_Sultan_Mehmet-bron" title="Fatih Sultan Mehmet-bron">Fatih Sultan Mehmet-bron</a>, invigd 1988 och <a href="/wiki/Yavuz_Sultan_Selim-bron" title="Yavuz Sultan Selim-bron">Yavuz Sultan Selim-bron</a>, invigd 2016. </p><p>Storstadskommunen omfattar idag hela provinsen Istanbul, varav cirka 60 procent av befolkningen bor på den europeiska sidan. Endast ett par procent av befolkningen inom stads- och provinsgränsen bor utanför själva centralorten. Istanbuls sammanhängande bebyggelse omfattar i huvudsak storstadskommunens södra delar längs kusten mot Marmarasjön och längs båda sidorna av Bosporen. Även området runt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gebze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gebze [inte skriven än]">Gebze</a> i den i öster angränsande provinsen <a href="/wiki/Kocaeli_(provins)" title="Kocaeli (provins)">Kocaeli</a> hänger i dag bebyggelsemässigt samman med Istanbulområdet. </p><p>Istanbul är en mycket vital och ekonomiskt viktig stad. Dess viktigaste näring är handel, men där finns också omkring en tredjedel av Turkiets totala industri, främst tillverkning av <a href="/wiki/Textilier" class="mw-redirect" title="Textilier">textilier</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A4der" title="Läder">läder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tobak" title="Tobak">tobak</a> och verkstadsprodukter. Istanbul är även det främsta lärdomscentret i landet med fem universitet, en teknisk högskola och andra inrättningar med ett flertal museer. Staden har en livlig hamn med omfattande sjöfart och välfungerande färjetrafik uppför Bosporen och till öarna i och städerna runt Marmarasjön. </p><p>Staden är också känd för sin gamla, välbevarade och mycket aktiva <a href="/wiki/Basar" title="Basar">basar</a>, som ligger i den gamla stadens mitt och den egyptiska kryddbasaren, som ligger vid den första Bosporenbrons fäste. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrativ_indelning">Administrativ indelning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Administrativ indelning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Administrativ indelning"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Istanbuls storstadskommun, som i dag är synonymt med provinsen Istanbul, omfattar 39 distrikt enligt den senaste administrativa omorganisationen som genomfördes den 6 mars 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-IBBhist_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IBBhist-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Distrikt på den asiatiska sidan</dt></dl> <p><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1z%C4%B1l_Adalar" title="Kızıl Adalar">Adalar</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ata%C5%9Fehir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ataşehir [inte skriven än]">Ataşehir</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beykoz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beykoz [inte skriven än]">Beykoz</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87ekmek%C3%B6y&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çekmeköy [inte skriven än]">Çekmeköy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%BCng%C3%B6ren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Güngören [inte skriven än]">Güngören</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kad%C4%B1k%C3%B6y" title="Kadıköy">Kadıköy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kartal,_Istanbul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kartal, Istanbul [inte skriven än]">Kartal</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pendik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pendik [inte skriven än]">Pendik</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Şile [inte skriven än]">Şile</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultanbeyli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sultanbeyli [inte skriven än]">Sultanbeyli</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tuzla,_Istanbul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tuzla, Istanbul [inte skriven än]">Tuzla</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Cmraniye&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ümraniye [inte skriven än]">Ümraniye</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Csk%C3%BCdar" title="Üsküdar">Üsküdar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maltepe" class="mw-disambig" title="Maltepe">Maltepe</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sancaktepe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sancaktepe [inte skriven än]">Sancaktepe</a> </p> <dl><dt>Distrikt på den europeiska sidan</dt></dl> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arnavutk%C3%B6y&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arnavutköy [inte skriven än]">Arnavutköy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Avc%C4%B1lar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avcılar [inte skriven än]">Avcılar</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ba%C4%9Fc%C4%B1lar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bağcılar [inte skriven än]">Bağcılar</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bah%C3%A7elievler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahçelievler [inte skriven än]">Bahçelievler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bak%C4%B1rk%C3%B6y" title="Bakırköy">Bakırköy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ba%C5%9Fak%C5%9Fehir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Başakşehir [inte skriven än]">Başakşehir</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bayrampa%C5%9Fa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bayrampaşa [inte skriven än]">Bayrampaşa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Be%C5%9Fikta%C5%9F" title="Beşiktaş">Beşiktaş</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beylikd%C3%BCz%C3%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beylikdüzü [inte skriven än]">Beylikdüzü</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beyo%C4%9Flu" title="Beyoğlu">Beyoğlu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk%C3%A7ekmece&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Büyükçekmece [inte skriven än]">Büyükçekmece</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87atalca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çatalca [inte skriven än]">Çatalca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Esenler" title="Esenler">Esenler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Esenyurt" title="Esenyurt">Esenyurt</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ey%C3%BCp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eyüp [inte skriven än]">Eyüp</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fatih&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fatih [inte skriven än]">Fatih</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gaziosmanpa%C5%9Fa" title="Gaziosmanpaşa">Gaziosmanpaşa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ka%C4%9F%C4%B1thane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kağıthane [inte skriven än]">Kağıthane</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk%C3%A7ekmece&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Küçükçekmece [inte skriven än]">Küçükçekmece</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sar%C4%B1yer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarıyer [inte skriven än]">Sarıyer</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Silivri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Silivri [inte skriven än]">Silivri</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Ei%C5%9Fli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Şişli [inte skriven än]">Şişli</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultangazi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sultangazi [inte skriven än]">Sultangazi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeytinburnu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zeytinburnu [inte skriven än]">Zeytinburnu</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Historia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Historia"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint huvudartikel hatnote" style="font-style:italic;"> <dl><dd>Huvudartiklar: <a href="/wiki/Byzantion" title="Byzantion">Byzantion</a> och <a href="/wiki/Konstantinopel" title="Konstantinopel">Konstantinopel</a></dd></dl></div> <p>Vid utgrävningar i slutet av 2008 för järnvägstunneln <a href="/wiki/Marmaray" title="Marmaray">Marmaray</a> upptäcktes gravar och boplatser från <a href="/wiki/Yngre_sten%C3%A5ldern" class="mw-redirect" title="Yngre stenåldern">yngre stenåldern</a>, som daterats till mellan <a href="/w/index.php?title=6400_f.Kr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="6400 f.Kr. [inte skriven än]">6400</a> och <a href="/w/index.php?title=5800_f.Kr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5800 f.Kr. [inte skriven än]">5800 f.Kr.</a> På 1950- och 1960-talen påträffades lämningar från yngre stenåldern i två förorter, vilket var de första fynden från den epoken i stadens historiska kärna.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Antikens_Byzantion">Antikens Byzantion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Antikens Byzantion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Antikens Byzantion"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_um_1000_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_um_1000_002.jpg/190px-Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_um_1000_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_um_1000_002.jpg/285px-Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_um_1000_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_um_1000_002.jpg/380px-Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_um_1000_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1576" data-file-height="2027" /></a><figcaption>Konstantin den store på en mosaik från 1000-talet i Hagia Sofia.</figcaption></figure> <p>På platsen för Istanbul grundlades år <a href="/wiki/667_f.Kr." class="mw-redirect" title="667 f.Kr.">667 f.Kr.</a> staden <a href="/wiki/Byzantion" title="Byzantion">Byzantion</a> (eller <i>Bysans</i>) av grekiska bosättare från <a href="/wiki/Megara_(stad)" title="Megara (stad)">Megara</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SvUpp_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SvUpp-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sedan den romerske kejsaren <a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a> år 196 e.Kr. straffat staden för att den tog en av hans medkejsares parti genom att låta riva ner dess murar och föra plogen över dess område förde den en tynande tillvaro. <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_den_store" title="Konstantin den store">Konstantin den store</a> insåg emellertid platsens strategiska betydelse och omskapade efter sin seger över <a href="/wiki/Licinius" title="Licinius">Licinius</a> Byzantion till en präktig, rik och befäst residensstad, <i>Nova Roma</i> ("Nya Rom"), som han själv ville att den skulle kallas. Eftervärlden kom dock att kalla den <a href="/wiki/Konstantinopel" title="Konstantinopel">Konstantinopel</a> efter honom. Praktbyggnader som kejsarpalatset och <a href="/wiki/Hippodromen_i_Konstantinopel" title="Hippodromen i Konstantinopel">hippodromen</a> uppfördes, kyrkor ersatte de nedrivna templen, konstverk och dyrbarheter ditfördes från hela romerska riket, och stora privilegier lockade dit nya invånare.<sup id="cite_ref-NF843_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NF843-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bysantinsk_tid">Bysantinsk tid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Bysantinsk tid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Bysantinsk tid"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>När det <a href="/wiki/Romerska_riket" title="Romerska riket">romerska riket</a> föll samman förblev Konstantinopel ett kulturcentrum och huvudstad i det <a href="/wiki/Bysantinska_riket" title="Bysantinska riket">bysantinska riket</a> (Östrom).<sup id="cite_ref-SvUpp_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SvUpp-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Staden fortsatte att växa så att den växte ur sina gamla befästningar. Detta i förening med <a href="/wiki/Hunnerna" class="mw-redirect" title="Hunnerna">hunnernas</a> och <a href="/wiki/Goterna" class="mw-redirect" title="Goterna">goternas</a> anfall gjorde det nödvändigt med större och starkare befästningar. Byggandet av den så kallade <a href="/wiki/Konstantinopels_murar" title="Konstantinopels murar">theodosianska muren</a> avslutades 413 av pretorianprefekten Anthemius, som var riksföreståndare under <a href="/wiki/Theodosius_II" title="Theodosius II">Theodosius II</a>:s minderårighet. Den förstördes genom jordbävning, men uppfördes åter som dubbelmur år 447.<sup id="cite_ref-NF843_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NF843-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sin glansperiod fick Konstantinopel under kejsar <a href="/wiki/Justinianus_I" title="Justinianus I">Justinianus I</a>, sedan det ryktbara <a href="/wiki/Nikaupproret" title="Nikaupproret">Nikaupproret</a> den 13–20 januari 532 lagt en stor del av staden i aska.<sup id="cite_ref-NF843_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NF843-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upproret kostade omkring 30 000 människor livet, och den följande tiden var fylld av stridigheter mellan anhängare av olika religiösa samfund. Ett flertal kyrkomöten hölls i Konstantinopel för att bilägga dessa strider. Justinianus regering 527–565 medförde en mängd nya byggnadsverk,<sup id="cite_ref-SvUpp_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SvUpp-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bland annat <a href="/wiki/Hagia_Sofia" title="Hagia Sofia">Hagia Sofia</a> och 25 andra, mindre kyrkor, samt ett praktfullt palats, nu spårlöst försvunnet.<sup id="cite_ref-NF843-844_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NF843-844-8"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under 600-talet utsattes staden för flera angrepp. År 616 och 626 anföll <a href="/wiki/Perser" title="Perser">perserna</a>, och år 626 nomadiska folk norrifrån. Ännu farligare var dock de arabiska angreppen 675, då kalifen <a href="/wiki/Muawiya_I" title="Muawiya I">Muawiya I</a> utan resultat försökte inta staden, och 717–718. År 906 och 941 kom angrepp från <a href="/wiki/Kievriket" class="mw-redirect" title="Kievriket">Kievriket</a> under furstarna <a href="/wiki/Oleg_av_Kiev" title="Oleg av Kiev">Oleg</a> och <a href="/wiki/Igor_I" title="Igor I">Igor</a>. Försvaret förstärktes dock,<sup id="cite_ref-NF844_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NF844-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> och från 800-talet började utländska trupper tas i tjänst, bland annat nordbor som kallades "väringar". I Norden kallades staden för ”<a href="/wiki/Miklag%C3%A5rd" title="Miklagård">Miklagård</a>”.<sup id="cite_ref-SvUpp_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SvUpp-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trots anfallen utifrån fortsatte byggnadsverksamheten. Kejsar <a href="/wiki/Herakleios" title="Herakleios">Herakleios</a> (610–641) anlade i Konstantinopels norra del, utanför stadsmurarna, det så kallade <a href="/wiki/Blachernai" class="mw-redirect" title="Blachernai">Blachernaipalatset</a>, av vilket grundmurarna ännu finns i behåll.<sup id="cite_ref-NF844_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NF844-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De italienska handelsrepublikernas ökade ekonomiska intressen och därvid uppkomna stridigheter resulterade i det så kallade <a href="/wiki/Fj%C3%A4rde_korst%C3%A5get" class="mw-redirect" title="Fjärde korståget">latinska korståget</a> mot staden,<sup id="cite_ref-SvUpp_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SvUpp-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> och den 12–13 april 1204 intogs staden av <a href="/wiki/Konrad_av_Monferrato" class="mw-redirect" title="Konrad av Monferrato">Konrad av Monferrato</a> och hans latinska korsriddare och plundrades under tre dagar. Många praktfulla byggnader förstördes och dyrbara konstverk bortfördes. Korsfararna satte in en latinsk kejsare i staden, men det latinska kejsardömet föll 1261 och den bysantinska kejsaren kom åter att ha makten över staden. Vid 1200-talets slut stördes åter lugnet i Konstantinopel, denna gång av <a href="/wiki/Republiken_Venedig" title="Republiken Venedig">venetianarnas</a> anfall mot <a href="/wiki/Republiken_Genua" title="Republiken Genua">genueserna</a> i <a href="/wiki/Galata" title="Galata">Galata</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NF844_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NF844-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Osmansk_tid">Osmansk tid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Osmansk tid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Osmansk tid"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vid början av 1300-talet började det <a href="/wiki/Osmanska_riket" title="Osmanska riket">osmanska riket</a> att utgöra ett allt större hot mot Konstantinopels säkerhet, och i mitten av århundradet erövrade osmanerna större delen av de bysantinska områdena i Europa. Från 1396 ansatte sultanen <a href="/wiki/Beyazit_I" title="Beyazit I">Beyazit I</a> staden, men han var år 1401 tvungen att bryta upp på grund av <a href="/wiki/Timur_Lenk" title="Timur Lenk">Timur Lenks</a> uppträdande i Mindre Asien.<sup id="cite_ref-SvUpp_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SvUpp-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NF844_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NF844-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Timur höll turkarna upptagna för en tid, men 1422 anföll de på nytt Konstantinopel, och staden var ytterst nära att falla i <a href="/wiki/Murad_II" title="Murad II">Murad II</a>:s händer. Efter många krig föll staden slutligen år <a href="/wiki/1453" title="1453">1453</a> för osmanernas invasion och blev huvudstad i <a href="/wiki/Osmanska_riket" title="Osmanska riket">Osmanska riket</a> (se <a href="/wiki/Slaget_om_Konstantinopel" class="mw-redirect" title="Slaget om Konstantinopel">slaget om Konstantinopel</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-SvUpp_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SvUpp-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I samband med <a href="/wiki/Grekiska_frihetskriget" title="Grekiska frihetskriget">grekernas frihetskamp</a> och upproret på <a href="/wiki/Peloponnesos" title="Peloponnesos">Peloponnesos</a> 1821 tog turkarna i Konstantinopel en gruvlig hämnd på den grekiska delen av befolkningen, och liknande <a href="/wiki/Pogrom" title="Pogrom">pogromer</a> har förekommit även senare (1895, 1915). Staden har också härjats av omfattande bränder (1714, 1755, 1808 och speciellt 1826). 1915 brann halva <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6ga_porten" title="Höga porten">Höga porten</a>, med viktiga statsarkiv, ner.<sup id="cite_ref-SNL_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SNL-10"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Istanbul_i_republiken_Turkiet">Istanbul i republiken Turkiet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitt: Istanbul i republiken Turkiet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Istanbul i republiken Turkiet"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Hali%C3%A7_Tersaneleri_Mars_2013_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Hali%C3%A7_Tersaneleri_Mars_2013_03.jpg/250px-Hali%C3%A7_Tersaneleri_Mars_2013_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Hali%C3%A7_Tersaneleri_Mars_2013_03.jpg/375px-Hali%C3%A7_Tersaneleri_Mars_2013_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Hali%C3%A7_Tersaneleri_Mars_2013_03.jpg/500px-Hali%C3%A7_Tersaneleri_Mars_2013_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4618" data-file-height="2598" /></a><figcaption>Istanbul och den norra stranden av <a href="/wiki/Gyllene_hornet" title="Gyllene hornet">Gyllene hornet</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>1918–1923 var Konstantinopel ockuperat av <a href="/wiki/Ententen" title="Ententen">ententemakterna</a>, men vid <a href="/wiki/Lausannefreden" title="Lausannefreden">Lausannefreden</a> erkändes staden som turkisk och de främmande trupperna drog sig ut. Då sultanatet upphävdes 1922 flydde sultan <a href="/wiki/Mehmet_VI" title="Mehmet VI">Mehmet VI</a> från staden, och året därpå blev <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a> den nya republiken <a href="/wiki/Turkiet" title="Turkiet">Turkiets</a> huvudstad.<sup id="cite_ref-SNL_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SNL-10"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Staden fick officiellt namnet Istanbul år <a href="/wiki/1926" title="1926">1926</a>. Den nutida staden omfattar inte bara Konstantinopel utan även de antika städerna <a href="/wiki/Chrysopolis" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysopolis">Chrysopolis</a> (<a href="/wiki/%C3%9Csk%C3%BCdar" title="Üsküdar">Üsküdar</a>) och <a href="/wiki/Chalkedon" title="Chalkedon">Chalkedon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kad%C4%B1k%C3%B6y" title="Kadıköy">Kadıköy</a>). </p><p>Den <a href="/wiki/6_september" title="6 september">6 september</a> <a href="/wiki/1955" title="1955">1955</a> skakades staden av <a href="/wiki/Istanbulpogromen" title="Istanbulpogromen">Istanbulpogromen</a>, som inte bara skördade mänskliga offer, utan även ledde till stor förstörelse av kyrkliga egendomar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sevärdheter"><span id="Sev.C3.A4rdheter"></span>Sevärdheter</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Redigera avsnitt: Sevärdheter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=9" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Sevärdheter"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Hagia_Sophia_Mars_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hagia_Sophia_Mars_2013.jpg/250px-Hagia_Sophia_Mars_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hagia_Sophia_Mars_2013.jpg/375px-Hagia_Sophia_Mars_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hagia_Sophia_Mars_2013.jpg/500px-Hagia_Sophia_Mars_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5514" data-file-height="3681" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hagia_Sofia" title="Hagia Sofia">Hagia Sofia</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Istanbul har många kända historiska monument och de historiska områdena i staden är av <a href="/wiki/Unesco" title="Unesco">Unesco</a> förklarade <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4rldsarv" title="Världsarv">världsarv</a>. Rester finns av den <a href="/wiki/Hippodromen_i_Konstantinopel" title="Hippodromen i Konstantinopel">konstantinopolitanska hippodromen</a>, en <a href="/wiki/Hippodrom" title="Hippodrom">hippodrom</a> som <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_den_store" title="Konstantin den store">Konstantin den store</a> anlade för att efterlikna <a href="/wiki/Rom" title="Rom">Rom</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kyrka" title="Kyrka">Kyrkan</a> <a href="/wiki/Hagia_Eirene" title="Hagia Eirene">Hagia Eirene</a> från år <a href="/wiki/360" title="360">360</a> var platsen för det fjärde <a href="/wiki/Ekumenisk" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekumenisk">ekumeniska</a> <a href="/wiki/Koncilium" class="mw-redirect" title="Koncilium">konciliet</a> och den konstantinopolitanska <a href="/wiki/Patriark_(kyrkligt_%C3%A4mbete)" title="Patriark (kyrkligt ämbete)">patriarkens</a> ursprungliga säte. Största sevärdheten är <a href="/wiki/Hagia_Sofia" title="Hagia Sofia">Hagia Sofia</a>, en kyrka byggd av kejsar <a href="/wiki/Justinianus_I" title="Justinianus I">Justinianus I</a> invigd år <a href="/wiki/527" title="527">527</a> och rankad som ett av de största arkitektoniska mästerverken. Kyrkan var centralhelgedomen för de ortodoxa kyrkorna och platsen där bland annat <a href="/wiki/Stora_schismen_1054" class="mw-redirect" title="Stora schismen 1054">schismen mellan katolska och ortodoxa kyrkan</a> befästes genom en <a href="/wiki/Bannbulla" class="mw-redirect" title="Bannbulla">bannbulla</a> år 1054. Under det muslimska styret gjordes den om till <a href="/wiki/Mosk%C3%A9" title="Moské">moské</a>. </p><p>Andra sevärdheter är <a href="/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">sultanens</a> palats, <a href="/wiki/Topkapipalatset" title="Topkapipalatset">Topkapi</a>, de många moskéerna (<i>camii</i>), varav de mest kända är <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCleymaniyemosk%C3%A9n" title="Süleymaniyemoskén">Süleymaniyemoskén</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%A5_mosk%C3%A9n,_Istanbul" title="Blå moskén, Istanbul">Blå moskén</a> (<i>Sultan Ahmet Camii</i>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beyazitmosk%C3%A9n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beyazitmoskén [inte skriven än]">Beyazitmoskén</a>, och <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nya_mosk%C3%A9n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nya moskén [inte skriven än]">Nya moskén</a> (<i>Yeni camii</i>), samt <a href="/wiki/Yerebatan_Saray" class="mw-redirect" title="Yerebatan Saray">Yerebatan sarayi</a> som är en underjordisk vattenreservoar från 500-talet och Kariye Camii från 1100–1300-talen, känd för sina välbevarade mosaiker. </p><p>I Istanbul finns också <a href="/wiki/Sverige" title="Sverige">Sveriges</a> äldsta diplomatiska beskickning som upprättades redan på <a href="/wiki/1700-talet" title="1700-talet">1700-talet</a> då Sverige och det Osmanska riket hade en militärpakt för att skydda kung <a href="/wiki/Karl_XII" title="Karl XII">Karl XII</a> mot <a href="/wiki/Ryssland" title="Ryssland">Ryssland</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ambassad" title="Ambassad">Ambassaden</a> flyttades 1927 till Ankara, och fastigheten ”<a href="/wiki/Svenska_Palatset_i_Istanbul" class="mw-redirect" title="Svenska Palatset i Istanbul">Svenska Palatset i Istanbul</a>” rymmer istället det svenska generalkonsulatet och <a href="/wiki/Svenska_forskningsinstitutet_i_Istanbul" title="Svenska forskningsinstitutet i Istanbul">Svenska forskningsinstitutet i Istanbul</a>. Den ursprungliga byggnaden har under historiens gång eldhärjats vid flera tillfällen och brann slutligen ner till grunden 1818. Det nuvarande svenska palatset invigdes 1870. Svenska palatset förvaltas av <a href="/wiki/Statens_Fastighetsverk" class="mw-redirect" title="Statens Fastighetsverk">Statens Fastighetsverk</a>. Under 2009 utfördes förstärkningsarbeten för att byggnaden ska klara av de jordbävningar som förekommer i regionen. </p><p>I staden finns olympiastadion <a href="/wiki/Atat%C3%BCrk_Olimpiyat_Stadyumu" title="Atatürk Olimpiyat Stadyumu">Atatürk</a>, som var värd för finalen i <a href="/wiki/UEFA_Champions_League" class="mw-redirect" title="UEFA Champions League">UEFA Champions League</a> 2005. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klimat">Klimat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Redigera avsnitt: Klimat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=10" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Klimat"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Istanbul_and_Bosporus_big.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Istanbul_and_Bosporus_big.jpg/250px-Istanbul_and_Bosporus_big.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="291" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Istanbul_and_Bosporus_big.jpg/375px-Istanbul_and_Bosporus_big.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Istanbul_and_Bosporus_big.jpg/500px-Istanbul_and_Bosporus_big.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1163" /></a><figcaption>Istanbul och <a href="/wiki/Bosporen" title="Bosporen">Bosporen</a> med <a href="/wiki/Svarta_havet" title="Svarta havet">Svarta havet</a> i norr och <a href="/wiki/Marmarasj%C3%B6n" title="Marmarasjön">Marmarasjön</a> i syd.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Bombardier_Flexity_Istanbul.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bombardier_Flexity_Istanbul.jpg/250px-Bombardier_Flexity_Istanbul.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bombardier_Flexity_Istanbul.jpg/375px-Bombardier_Flexity_Istanbul.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Bombardier_Flexity_Istanbul.jpg/500px-Bombardier_Flexity_Istanbul.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="2232" /></a><figcaption>Moderna <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A5rvagn" title="Spårvagn">spårvagnar</a> typ A32 i Istanbul.</figcaption></figure> <p>Klimatet i Istanbul är <a href="/wiki/Kustklimat" title="Kustklimat">kustklimat</a> med varma, något torra somrar och kyliga, nederbördsrika vintrar. Regnigaste månaden är december med omkring 124 millimeter regn och den torraste månaden juni med bara 34 millimeter regn. Den totala nederbördsmängden i staden är 844 millimeter per år.<sup id="cite_ref-Meteor.gov.tr_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meteor.gov.tr-11"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Snö förekommer bara mellan 1 och 2 veckor per år. Staden har hög <a href="/wiki/Luftfuktighet" title="Luftfuktighet">luftfuktighet</a>, vilket gör att luften kan kännas varmare eller kallare än motsvarande lufttemperaturer vid lägre fuktighet för personer som är vana vid lägre luftfuktighet. Dessutom är det oftast blåsigt i staden, som har <a href="/wiki/Medelvind" class="mw-redirect" title="Medelvind">medelvinden</a> 17 kilometer i timmen (4,7 meter per sekund). </p><p>Uppmätta normala temperaturer och normalnederbörd i Istanbul:<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Meteor.gov.tr_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meteor.gov.tr-11"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table style="background:#efefef; border: 1px solid #b5b5b5; margin-bottom:.5em; margin-top:.5em;" cellspacing="2"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="0" style="font-size:95%; background:none; margin-right:2px;"> <tbody><tr align="center"> <th width="130px"> </th> <th width="40px">Jan </th> <th width="40px">Feb </th> <th width="40px">Mar </th> <th width="40px">Apr </th> <th width="40px">Maj </th> <th width="40px">Jun </th> <th width="40px">Jul </th> <th width="40px">Aug </th> <th width="40px">Sep </th> <th width="40px">Okt </th> <th width="40px">Nov </th> <th width="40px">Dec </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td align="left">  Normaldygnets maximitemperaturs medelvärde </td> <td style="background: #FFFF99;">8,7 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF99;">9,1 </td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">11,2 </td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">16,5 </td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">21,4 </td> <td style="background: #FF6347;">26,0 </td> <td style="background: #FF6347;">28,4 </td> <td style="background: #FF6347;">28,5 </td> <td style="background: #FF6347;">25,0 </td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">20,1 </td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">15,3 </td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">11,1 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td align="left">  Normaldygnets minimitemperaturs medelvärde </td> <td style="background: #FFFFEE;">2,9 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFEE;">2,8 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFEE;">3,9 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF99;">7,7 </td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">12,0 </td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">16,0 </td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">18,5 </td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">18,7 </td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">15,5 </td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">12,0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF99;">8,5 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF99;">5,3 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td colspan="13" height="5"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td align="left"> Nederbörd </td> <td style="background: #002FA7; color: #FFFFFF;">98,4 </td> <td style="background: #4169E1; color: #000000;">80,2 </td> <td style="background: #8AB0FF; color: #000000;">69,9 </td> <td style="background: #CFE8FF; color: #000000;">45,8 </td> <td style="background: #F0F8FF; color: #000000;">36,1 </td> <td style="background: #F0F8FF; color: #000000;">34,0 </td> <td style="background: #F0F8FF; color: #000000;">38,8 </td> <td style="background: #CFE8FF; color: #000000;">47,8 </td> <td style="background: #8AB0FF; color: #000000;">61,4 </td> <td style="background: #002FA7; color: #FFFFFF;">96,9 </td> <td style="background: #000060; color: #FFFFFF;">110,7 </td> <td style="background: #00004F; color: #FFFFFF;">123,9 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="collapsible collapsed" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%; font-size:95%; background:none;"> <tbody><tr> <th align="left" width="132px"> Diagram </th> <td colspan="12" width="480px" align="right" style="font-size:90%;">temperaturer i °C • månadsnederbörd i mm </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td width="131px"> </td> <td width="41px" style="background:white; border:1px solid #b5b5b5; border-right:none;"> <div style="width:41px; height:320px; position:relative; z-index:100; padding:0; margin:0;"> <div style="height:120px; bottom:20px; width:41px; position:absolute; left:0; border-top:dotted 1px silver; border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc; z-index:1; padding:0; margin:0;"> </div> <div style="background:#ace; position:absolute; bottom:20px; left:12px; width:17px; height:39px; z-index:3; overflow:hidden;"> </div> <div style="color:blue; position:absolute; bottom:5px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center;"><small>98</small></div> <div style="overflow:hidden; background:#e8e8e8; position:absolute; left:12px; border-top:2px solid red; border-bottom:2px solid blue; width:17px; z-index:4; bottom:152px; height:23px;"> </div> <div style="position:absolute; margin-bottom:5px; bottom:175px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4;"><small>9</small></div> <div style="position:absolute; bottom:139px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4"><small>3</small></div> </div> </td> <td width="41px" style="background:white; border-top:1px solid #b5b5b5; border-bottom:1px solid #b5b5b5;"> <div style="width:41px; height:320px; position:relative; z-index:100; padding:0; margin:0;"> <div style="height:120px; bottom:20px; width:41px; position:absolute; left:0; border-top:dotted 1px silver; border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc; z-index:1; padding:0; margin:0;"> </div> <div style="background:#ace; position:absolute; bottom:20px; left:12px; width:17px; height:32px; z-index:3; overflow:hidden;"> </div> <div style="color:blue; position:absolute; bottom:5px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center;"><small>80</small></div> <div style="overflow:hidden; background:#e8e8e8; position:absolute; left:12px; border-top:2px solid red; border-bottom:2px solid blue; width:17px; z-index:4; bottom:151px; height:25px;"> </div> <div style="position:absolute; margin-bottom:5px; bottom:176px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4;"><small>9</small></div> <div style="position:absolute; bottom:138px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4"><small>3</small></div> </div> </td> <td width="41px" style="background:white; border-top:1px solid #b5b5b5; border-bottom:1px solid #b5b5b5;"> <div style="width:41px; height:320px; position:relative; z-index:100; padding:0; margin:0;"> <div style="height:120px; bottom:20px; width:41px; position:absolute; left:0; border-top:dotted 1px silver; border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc; z-index:1; padding:0; margin:0;"> </div> <div style="background:#ace; position:absolute; bottom:20px; left:12px; width:17px; height:28px; z-index:3; overflow:hidden;"> </div> <div style="color:blue; position:absolute; bottom:5px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center;"><small>70</small></div> <div style="overflow:hidden; background:#e8e8e8; position:absolute; left:12px; border-top:2px solid red; border-bottom:2px solid blue; width:17px; z-index:4; bottom:156px; height:29px;"> </div> <div style="position:absolute; margin-bottom:5px; bottom:185px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4;"><small>11</small></div> <div style="position:absolute; bottom:143px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4"><small>4</small></div> </div> </td> <td width="41px" style="background:white; border-top:1px solid #b5b5b5; border-bottom:1px solid #b5b5b5;"> <div style="width:41px; height:320px; position:relative; z-index:100; padding:0; margin:0;"> <div style="height:120px; bottom:20px; width:41px; position:absolute; left:0; border-top:dotted 1px silver; border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc; z-index:1; padding:0; margin:0;"> </div> <div style="background:#ace; position:absolute; bottom:20px; left:12px; width:17px; height:18px; z-index:3; overflow:hidden;"> </div> <div style="color:blue; position:absolute; bottom:5px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center;"><small>46</small></div> <div style="overflow:hidden; background:#e8e8e8; position:absolute; left:12px; border-top:2px solid red; border-bottom:2px solid blue; width:17px; z-index:4; bottom:171px; height:35px;"> </div> <div style="position:absolute; margin-bottom:5px; bottom:206px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4;"><small>17</small></div> <div style="position:absolute; bottom:158px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4"><small>8</small></div> </div> </td> <td width="41px" style="background:white; border-top:1px solid #b5b5b5; border-bottom:1px solid #b5b5b5;"> <div style="width:41px; height:320px; position:relative; z-index:100; padding:0; margin:0;"> <div style="height:120px; bottom:20px; width:41px; position:absolute; left:0; border-top:dotted 1px silver; border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc; z-index:1; padding:0; margin:0;"> </div> <div style="background:#ace; position:absolute; bottom:20px; left:12px; width:17px; height:14px; z-index:3; overflow:hidden;"> </div> <div style="color:blue; position:absolute; bottom:5px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center;"><small>36</small></div> <div style="overflow:hidden; background:#e8e8e8; position:absolute; left:12px; border-top:2px solid red; border-bottom:2px solid blue; width:17px; z-index:4; bottom:188px; height:38px;"> </div> <div style="position:absolute; margin-bottom:5px; bottom:226px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4;"><small>21</small></div> <div style="position:absolute; bottom:175px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4"><small>12</small></div> </div> </td> <td width="41px" style="background:white; border-top:1px solid #b5b5b5; border-bottom:1px solid #b5b5b5;"> <div style="width:41px; height:320px; position:relative; z-index:100; padding:0; margin:0;"> <div style="height:120px; bottom:20px; width:41px; position:absolute; left:0; border-top:dotted 1px silver; border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc; z-index:1; padding:0; margin:0;"> </div> <div style="background:#ace; position:absolute; bottom:20px; left:12px; width:17px; height:14px; z-index:3; overflow:hidden;"> </div> <div style="color:blue; position:absolute; bottom:5px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center;"><small>34</small></div> <div style="overflow:hidden; background:#e8e8e8; position:absolute; left:12px; border-top:2px solid red; border-bottom:2px solid blue; width:17px; z-index:4; bottom:204px; height:40px;"> </div> <div style="position:absolute; margin-bottom:5px; bottom:244px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4;"><small>26</small></div> <div style="position:absolute; bottom:191px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4"><small>16</small></div> </div> </td> <td width="41px" style="background:white; border-top:1px solid #b5b5b5; border-bottom:1px solid #b5b5b5;"> <div style="width:41px; height:320px; position:relative; z-index:100; padding:0; margin:0;"> <div style="height:120px; bottom:20px; width:41px; position:absolute; left:0; border-top:dotted 1px silver; border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc; z-index:1; padding:0; margin:0;"> </div> <div style="background:#ace; position:absolute; bottom:20px; left:12px; width:17px; height:16px; z-index:3; overflow:hidden;"> </div> <div style="color:blue; position:absolute; bottom:5px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center;"><small>39</small></div> <div style="overflow:hidden; background:#e8e8e8; position:absolute; left:12px; border-top:2px solid red; border-bottom:2px solid blue; width:17px; z-index:4; bottom:214px; height:40px;"> </div> <div style="position:absolute; margin-bottom:5px; bottom:254px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4;"><small>28</small></div> <div style="position:absolute; bottom:201px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4"><small>19</small></div> </div> </td> <td width="41px" style="background:white; border-top:1px solid #b5b5b5; border-bottom:1px solid #b5b5b5;"> <div style="width:41px; height:320px; position:relative; z-index:100; padding:0; margin:0;"> <div style="height:120px; bottom:20px; width:41px; position:absolute; left:0; border-top:dotted 1px silver; border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc; z-index:1; padding:0; margin:0;"> </div> <div style="background:#ace; position:absolute; bottom:20px; left:12px; width:17px; height:19px; z-index:3; overflow:hidden;"> </div> <div style="color:blue; position:absolute; bottom:5px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center;"><small>48</small></div> <div style="overflow:hidden; background:#e8e8e8; position:absolute; left:12px; border-top:2px solid red; border-bottom:2px solid blue; width:17px; z-index:4; bottom:215px; height:39px;"> </div> <div style="position:absolute; margin-bottom:5px; bottom:254px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4;"><small>29</small></div> <div style="position:absolute; bottom:202px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4"><small>19</small></div> </div> </td> <td width="41px" style="background:white; border-top:1px solid #b5b5b5; border-bottom:1px solid #b5b5b5;"> <div style="width:41px; height:320px; position:relative; z-index:100; padding:0; margin:0;"> <div style="height:120px; bottom:20px; width:41px; position:absolute; left:0; border-top:dotted 1px silver; border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc; z-index:1; padding:0; margin:0;"> </div> <div style="background:#ace; position:absolute; bottom:20px; left:12px; width:17px; height:25px; z-index:3; overflow:hidden;"> </div> <div style="color:blue; position:absolute; bottom:5px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center;"><small>61</small></div> <div style="overflow:hidden; background:#e8e8e8; position:absolute; left:12px; border-top:2px solid red; border-bottom:2px solid blue; width:17px; z-index:4; bottom:202px; height:38px;"> </div> <div style="position:absolute; margin-bottom:5px; bottom:240px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4;"><small>25</small></div> <div style="position:absolute; bottom:189px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4"><small>16</small></div> </div> </td> <td width="41px" style="background:white; border-top:1px solid #b5b5b5; border-bottom:1px solid #b5b5b5;"> <div style="width:41px; height:320px; position:relative; z-index:100; padding:0; margin:0;"> <div style="height:120px; bottom:20px; width:41px; position:absolute; left:0; border-top:dotted 1px silver; border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc; z-index:1; padding:0; margin:0;"> </div> <div style="background:#ace; position:absolute; bottom:20px; left:12px; width:17px; height:39px; z-index:3; overflow:hidden;"> </div> <div style="color:blue; position:absolute; bottom:5px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center;"><small>97</small></div> <div style="overflow:hidden; background:#e8e8e8; position:absolute; left:12px; border-top:2px solid red; border-bottom:2px solid blue; width:17px; z-index:4; bottom:188px; height:32px;"> </div> <div style="position:absolute; margin-bottom:5px; bottom:220px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4;"><small>20</small></div> <div style="position:absolute; bottom:175px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4"><small>12</small></div> </div> </td> <td width="41px" style="background:white; border-top:1px solid #b5b5b5; border-bottom:1px solid #b5b5b5;"> <div style="width:41px; height:320px; position:relative; z-index:100; padding:0; margin:0;"> <div style="height:120px; bottom:20px; width:41px; position:absolute; left:0; border-top:dotted 1px silver; border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc; z-index:1; padding:0; margin:0;"> </div> <div style="background:#ace; position:absolute; bottom:20px; left:12px; width:17px; height:44px; z-index:3; overflow:hidden;"> </div> <div style="color:blue; position:absolute; bottom:5px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center;"><small>111</small></div> <div style="overflow:hidden; background:#e8e8e8; position:absolute; left:12px; border-top:2px solid red; border-bottom:2px solid blue; width:17px; z-index:4; bottom:174px; height:27px;"> </div> <div style="position:absolute; margin-bottom:5px; bottom:201px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4;"><small>15</small></div> <div style="position:absolute; bottom:161px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4"><small>9</small></div> </div> </td> <td width="40px" style="background:white; border:1px solid #b5b5b5; border-left:none;"> <div style="width:41px; height:320px; position:relative; z-index:100; padding:0; margin:0;"> <div style="height:120px; bottom:20px; width:41px; position:absolute; left:0; border-top:dotted 1px silver; border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc; z-index:1; padding:0; margin:0;"> </div> <div style="background:#ace; position:absolute; bottom:20px; left:12px; width:17px; height:50px; z-index:3; overflow:hidden;"> </div> <div style="color:blue; position:absolute; bottom:5px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center;"><small>124</small></div> <div style="overflow:hidden; background:#e8e8e8; position:absolute; left:12px; border-top:2px solid red; border-bottom:2px solid blue; width:17px; z-index:4; bottom:161px; height:23px;"> </div> <div style="position:absolute; margin-bottom:5px; bottom:184px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4;"><small>11</small></div> <div style="position:absolute; bottom:148px; left:0; width:41px; height:15px; text-align:center; z-index:4"><small>5</small></div> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Tabellen visar genomsnittliga värden från perioden mellan 1970 och 2009. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Turism">Turism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Redigera avsnitt: Turism" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=11" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Turism"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Istanbul besöks av mängder med <a href="/wiki/Turist" class="mw-redirect" title="Turist">turister</a> varje år. År 2019 hade staden 14,9 miljoner utländska besökare.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=12" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinopels_murar" title="Konstantinopels murar">Konstantinopels murar</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=13" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-IBBautharea-1"><a href="#cite_ref-IBBautharea_1-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibb.gov.tr/en-US/Organization/AuthorityArea/Pages/AnaSayfa.aspx">Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality; Authority Area</a> Läst 29 januari 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100228180231/http://www.ibb.gov.tr/en-US/Organization/AuthorityArea/Pages/AnaSayfa.aspx">Arkiverad</a> 28 februari 2010 hämtat från the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive#Wayback_Machine" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ADNKS-2">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-ADNKS_2-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ADNKS_2-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tuikapp.tuik.gov.tr/adnksdagitapp/adnks.zul">Türkiye istatistik Kurumu; Adrese Dayalı Nüfus Kayıt Sistemi, Nüfus Sayımı Sonuçları</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150920154607/http://tuikapp.tuik.gov.tr/adnksdagitapp/adnks.zul">Arkiverad</a> 20 september 2015 hämtat från the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive#Wayback_Machine" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>. Adressbaserat folkbokföringssystem. Läst 23 november 2013.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:D%C3%B6da_l%C3%A4nkar" title="Wikipedia:Döda länkar">[<span title="Denna externa länk fungerar inte (2016-12)"><i>död länk</i></span>]</a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IBBhist-3">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-IBBhist_3-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IBBhist_3-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibb.gov.tr/en-US/Organization/MunicipalHistory/Pages/AnaSayfa.aspx">Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality; History of Local Governance in Istanbul</a> Läst 29 januari 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ne.se/lang/istanbul">”Istanbul”</a>. <i><span>Nationalencyklopedin</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ne.se/lang/istanbul">http://www.ne.se/lang/istanbul</a></span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Istanbul&rft.atitle=Nationalencyklopedin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ne.se%2Flang%2Fistanbul&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Istanbul"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7820924.stm">Istanbul's ancient past unearthed</a>, BBC News, 10 januari 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SvUpp-6">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-SvUpp_6-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SvUpp_6-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SvUpp_6-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SvUpp_6-3"><small>d</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SvUpp_6-4"><small>e</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SvUpp_6-5"><small>f</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SvUpp_6-6"><small>g</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFCarlquist,_Gunnar1933"><a href="/wiki/Gunnar_Carlquist" title="Gunnar Carlquist">Carlquist, Gunnar</a>, red (1933). <i><span><a href="/wiki/Svensk_uppslagsbok" title="Svensk uppslagsbok">Svensk uppslagsbok</a>. Bd 14</span></i>. Malmö: Svensk Uppslagsbok AB. sid. 122-23</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%5B%5BSvensk+uppslagsbok%5D%5D.+Bd+14&rft.date=1933&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B122-23&rft.place=Malm%C3%B6&rft.pub=Svensk+Uppslagsbok+AB&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Istanbul"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NF843-7">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-NF843_7-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NF843_7-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NF843_7-2"><small>c</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://runeberg.org/nfbn/0454.html">Konstantinopel, sp. 843</a> i <i><a href="/wiki/Nordisk_familjebok" title="Nordisk familjebok">Nordisk familjebok</a></i> (andra upplagan, 1911)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NF843-844-8"><a href="#cite_ref-NF843-844_8-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://runeberg.org/nfbn/0454.html">Konstantinopel, sp. 843–844</a> i <i><a href="/wiki/Nordisk_familjebok" title="Nordisk familjebok">Nordisk familjebok</a></i> (andra upplagan, 1911)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NF844-9">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-NF844_9-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NF844_9-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NF844_9-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NF844_9-3"><small>d</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://runeberg.org/nfbn/0454.html">Konstantinopel, sp. 844</a> i <i><a href="/wiki/Nordisk_familjebok" title="Nordisk familjebok">Nordisk familjebok</a></i> (andra upplagan, 1911)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SNL-10">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-SNL_10-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SNL_10-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snl.no/Istanbul">”Istanbul”</a>. <i><span>Store norske leksikon</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://snl.no/Istanbul">http://snl.no/Istanbul</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 23 oktober 2012</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Istanbul&rft.atitle=Store+norske+leksikon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsnl.no%2FIstanbul&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Istanbul"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Meteor.gov.tr-11">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-Meteor.gov.tr_11-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meteor.gov.tr_11-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130331072105/http://www.meteor.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/yillik-toplam-yagis-verileri.aspx?m=ISTANBUL">”Yıllık Toplam Yağış Verileri - İstanbul”</a>. <i><span>Meteor.gov.tr</span></i>. Meteor.gov.tr. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.meteor.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/yillik-toplam-yagis-verileri.aspx?m=ISTANBUL">originalet</a> den 31 mars 2013<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130331072105/http://www.meteor.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/yillik-toplam-yagis-verileri.aspx?m=ISTANBUL">https://web.archive.org/web/20130331072105/http://www.meteor.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/yillik-toplam-yagis-verileri.aspx?m=ISTANBUL</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 25 juni 2010</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Y%C4%B1ll%C4%B1k+Toplam+Ya%C4%9F%C4%B1%C5%9F+Verileri+-+%C4%B0stanbul&rft.atitle=Meteor.gov.tr&rft.pub=Meteor.gov.tr&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20130331072105%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.meteor.gov.tr%2Fveridegerlendirme%2Fyillik-toplam-yagis-verileri.aspx%3Fm%3DISTANBUL&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Istanbul"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldweather.org/014/c00047.htm">”World Weather Information Service”</a>. <i><span>worldweather.org</span></i>. World Weather<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.worldweather.org/014/c00047.htm">http://www.worldweather.org/014/c00047.htm</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 3 februari 2009</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=World+Weather+Information+Service&rft.atitle=worldweather.org&rft.pub=World+Weather&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldweather.org%2F014%2Fc00047.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Istanbul"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://istanbul.ktb.gov.tr/Eklenti/68945,aralik-2019-turizm-istatistikleri-istanbulpdf.pdf">İstanbul Turizm İstatistikleri Raporu: Aralık - 2019</a> İstanbul İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü. Läst 16 januari 2021.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istanbul&action=edit&section=14" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061222171620/http://english.istanbul.gov.tr/">Istanbuls guvernörs officiella webbplats</a> (turkiska, engelska)</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Wikimedia Commons har media som rör <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Istanbul" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Istanbul">Istanbul</a>.<div class="interProject commons" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Istanbul" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Istanbul">Bilder & media</a></div></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output 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