GMAO - Global Modeling and Assimilation Office Research Site

<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en"> <head> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge,chrome=1" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"> <meta name="orgcode" content="610.1" /> <meta name="rno" content="Steven.Pawson-1" /> <meta name="content-owner" content="Steven.Pawson-1" /> <meta name="webmaster" content="Kaushal.A.Patel" /><link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Manrope:wght@500;700" rel="stylesheet"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Manrope:wght@500;700" rel="stylesheet"> <meta name="keywords" content="nasa, global, modeling, assimilation, data, atmospheric, land surface, ocean, subseasonal to decadal, ozone, clouds, precipitation, MERRA, DAS, products, publications, intex, organization, weather" /> <meta name="description" content="Global Modeling and Assimilation Research"> <title>GMAO - Global Modeling and Assimilation Office Research Site</title> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/reset.css" media="screen" async /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/base-2014.css" media="screen" async /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/dropdown-2014.css" media="screen" async /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/BlueTheme-noglobes.css" media="screen" async /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/homepage_supplemental-2017.css" async /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/fadeover/fadeinout1.css" media="screen" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/slide_home.css" media="screen" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/activate.js" async ></script> <script src="/js/jquery-3.5.1.min.js" type="text/javascript" async></script>  <script src="/js/ReplaceContentInContainer.js" type="text/javascript" async ></script> <script src="/js/newsToggler.js" type="text/javascript" async ></script>  <script id="_fed_an_ua_tag" type="application/javascript" src="https://dap.digitalgov.gov/Universal-Federated-Analytics-Min.js?agency=NASA"></script> </head> <body> <div id="page-wrapper" style="display:block;"> <div id="page"> <div id="nasaHeader"> <div> <a href="http://www.nasa.gov" class="imageLink"><img src="/images/nasa-logo.svg" width="90" alt="NASA Logo, National Aeronautics and Space Administration" height="98" style="margin-left: 20px;" /></a> </div> <div id="headerTxtWrapper"> <h1><a href="http://www.nasa.gov">National Aeronautics and Space Administration</a></h1> <h2><a href="http://www.nasa.gov/goddard/">Goddard Space Flight Center</a></h2> </div> <div id="searchbox"> <h3>Search:</h3> <form action="https://www.google.com/search" method="get" id="search" name="search"> <input type="text" name="q" id="keywords" value="" title="srchField" size="10" class="flt_left" /> <input style="width:49px; 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background-color:transparent;"> <div id="leftsideWrapper">  <div id="leftnav" style="height:532px; box-sizing:border-box; position:relative; margin-bottom:0;"> <ul> <li><a href="/gmao_mission/" id="index_ln1">GMAO Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/GMAO_products/" id="index_ln1">GMAO Products</a></li> <li><a href="/NASA_missions/" id="index_ln2">NASA Mission Support</a></li> <li><a href="/field_campaigns/" id="index_ln3">NASA Orbital and Ground-Based Missions</a></li> <li><a href="/multi-partner/" id="index_ln3b">Multi-Partner Projects</a></li> <li><a href="/research/highlights/" id="index_ln4">Research Briefs</a></li> <li><a href="/research/science_snapshots/" id="index_ln5">Science Snapshots</a></li> <li><a href="/GEOS_systems/" id="index_ln6">GEOS Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/pubs/" id="index_ln7">Publications</a></li> <li><a href="/seminars_workshops/" id="index_ln7a">Seminars & Workshops</a></li> <li><a href="/staff.php" id="index_ln8">Staff Directory</a></li> <li><a href="/contact.php" id="index_ln9">Contact Information</a></li> <li><a href="/jobs/" id="index_ln10">Employment</a></li> <li><a href="/intranet/">Intranet (internal)</a></li> <li><a href="/extranet/">Extranet (login required)</a></li> </ul>   </div>  </div> <a name="skipping" id="skipping"></a> <div id="content-wrapper" style="background-color:transparent;"> <div id="Homepage-2014-twocol"> <div id="GMAO_intro"> <h2>The GMAO Research Site</h2> <p>The <span style="font-weight:600;">Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO)</span> supports NASA's Earth Science mission. Activities in Earth System modeling and data assimilation aim to maximize the impact of satellite observations on analyses and predictions of the atmosphere, ocean, land and cryosphere. </p> <div id="intro_readmore"> <a href="/gmao_mission/">Read More »</a> </div> </div> <div id="highlights"> <div class="section_title">Science Snapshots</div> <div class="briefs_archive_link"><a href="/research/science_snapshots/" style="color:#fff;">Science Snapshot Archive »</a></div> <div class="slider-holder"> <span id="slider-image-1"></span> <span id="slider-image-2"></span> <span id="slider-image-3"></span> <span id="slider-image-4"></span> <div class="image-holder"> <div class="slide" id="slide1"> <a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/science_snapshots/2025/A37UQ_Jan2025/A37UQ.php" target="_blank"><img src="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/science_snapshots/2025/A37UQ_Jan2025/A37UQ_cover.png" alt=" Uncertainty Quantification for Air Quality Forecasting using Multiple Data Sources thumbnail" style="width:300px; height:315px;" /></a> <div class="slide_text"> <h4><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/science_snapshots/2025/A37UQ_Jan2025/A37UQ.php" target="_blank"> Uncertainty Quantification for Air Quality Forecasting using Multiple Data Sources </a></h4> <div class="slide_desc"> GMAO scientists have continued their work on air quality forecasting by using various phases to lessen the level of uncertainty. See how these results can help improve forecasts and inform the public on dangerous air quality in advance. </div> <div class="slide_link"><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/science_snapshots/2025/A37UQ_Jan2025/A37UQ.php">Read More »</a></div> </div> <div class="slide_count">1</div> </div><div class="slide" id="slide2"> <a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/science_snapshots/2025/GeoXO_Jan2025/GeoXO.php" target="_blank"><img src="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/science_snapshots/2025/GeoXO_Jan2025/GeoXO_cover.png" alt=" GeoXO Promises NWP Modeling Breakthroughs Over Next Decade thumbnail" style="width:300px; height:315px;" /></a> <div class="slide_text"> <h4><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/science_snapshots/2025/GeoXO_Jan2025/GeoXO.php" target="_blank"> GeoXO Promises NWP Modeling Breakthroughs Over Next Decade </a></h4> <div class="slide_desc"> New satellites released over the coming years as part of the GeoXO program will create vastly improved data observations, providing numerical weather prediction models with the information necessary to take tremendous strides forward. </div> <div class="slide_link"><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/science_snapshots/2025/GeoXO_Jan2025/GeoXO.php">Read More »</a></div> </div> <div class="slide_count">2</div> </div><div class="slide" id="slide3"> <a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/science_snapshots/2024/SAM_wf_Nov2024/SAM_wf.php" target="_blank"><img src="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/science_snapshots/2024/SAM_wf_Nov2024/SAM_wf_cover.png" alt=" Historic 2024 South American Wildfires Season Rages thumbnail" style="width:300px; height:315px;" /></a> <div class="slide_text"> <h4><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/science_snapshots/2024/SAM_wf_Nov2024/SAM_wf.php" target="_blank"> Historic 2024 South American Wildfires Season Rages </a></h4> <div class="slide_desc"> Wildfires scorched vast swaths of South America this year, with parts of Brazil and Bolivia being particularly hard hit. See how GEOS products visualize the historic fire season. </div> <div class="slide_link"><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/science_snapshots/2024/SAM_wf_Nov2024/SAM_wf.php">Read More »</a></div> </div> <div class="slide_count">3</div> </div><div class="slide" id="slide4"> <a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/science_snapshots/2024/HHM_Oct2024/HeleneMilton.php" target="_blank"><img src="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/science_snapshots/2024/HHM_Oct2024/HHM_cover.png" alt=" Hurricanes Helene and Milton Showcase the Range of Tropical Cyclone Hazards thumbnail" style="width:300px; height:315px;" /></a> <div class="slide_text"> <h4><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/science_snapshots/2024/HHM_Oct2024/HeleneMilton.php" target="_blank"> Hurricanes Helene and Milton Showcase the Range of Tropical Cyclone Hazards </a></h4> <div class="slide_desc"> Hurricanes Helene and Milton both affected the southeastern United States with devastating impacts, yet the characteristics of each storm varied significantly. GMAO systems highlight the differences between the two. </div> <div class="slide_link"><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/science_snapshots/2024/HHM_Oct2024/HeleneMilton.php">Read More »</a></div> </div> <div class="slide_count">4</div> </div> </div> </div> </div>   </div> </div> <div style="height:5px;"></div> <div class="divClear"></div> </div>   <div id="rightsidebar"> <div id="snapshots"> <div class="section_title">Research Briefs</div> <div class="snapshot_item"> <div class="snapshot_image"><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/researchbriefs/new_atmos_phys_GEOS-FP/new_atmos_phys_GEOS-FP.pdf" target="_blank"><img src="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/researchbriefs/new_atmos_phys_GEOS-FP/new_atmos_phys_GEOS-FP-main.png" alt="Impacts of new atmospheric physics in the updated GEOS FP system (Version 5.25) thumbnail" style="width:210px; height:105px;"/></a></div><div class="snapshot_title"><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/researchbriefs/new_atmos_phys_GEOS-FP/new_atmos_phys_GEOS-FP.pdf" target="_blank">Impacts of new atmospheric physics in the updated GEOS FP system (Version 5.25)</a></div></div><div class="snapshot_item"> <div class="snapshot_image"><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/researchbriefs/sw_rrtmg_transition/sw_rrtmg_transition.pdf" target="_blank"><img src="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/researchbriefs/sw_rrtmg_transition/sw_rrtmg_transition-main.png" alt="Transition to the RRTMG Shortwave Radiation Code in GEOS Models thumbnail" style="width:210px; height:105px;"/></a></div><div class="snapshot_title"><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/researchbriefs/sw_rrtmg_transition/sw_rrtmg_transition.pdf" target="_blank">Transition to the RRTMG Shortwave Radiation Code in GEOS Models</a></div></div><div class="snapshot_item"> <div class="snapshot_image"><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/researchbriefs/sat_o3_data_geos/sat_o3_data_geos.pdf" target="_blank"><img src="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/researchbriefs/sat_o3_data_geos/sat_o3_data_geos-main.png" alt="Ozone Data from Ultraviolet Satellite Measurements in GEOS Products thumbnail" style="width:210px; height:105px;"/></a></div><div class="snapshot_title"><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/researchbriefs/sat_o3_data_geos/sat_o3_data_geos.pdf" target="_blank">Ozone Data from Ultraviolet Satellite Measurements in GEOS Products</a></div></div> <div class="archive_link"><a href="/research/briefs/">Research Briefs Archive »</a> </div> </div>    <div id="secondrow"> <div id="forecasts"> <div class="section_title">Forecasting Support</div>  <p><a href="https://fluid.nccs.nasa.gov/weather">GEOS FP Weather Analyses<br />  & Forecasts <span style="font-size:120%;">☁ ☀</span></a></p> <div class="item_divider_light"></div> <p><a href="/field_campaigns/real_time_support_requests.php">Requests for Support</a></p> <div class="item_divider_light"></div> <p><a href="/field_campaigns">Supported NASA Orbital and Ground-Based Missions:</a></p> <p style='margin:0.5em;'><a href='https://fluid.nccs.nasa.gov/missions/mission_WHyMSIE/' style='font-style:italic;'>· GLOVE</a></p> <div class="archive_link"><a href="/field_campaigns/past_campaigns.php">Past Missions Supported »</a></div> </div>  <div id="gmao_news"> <div class="section_title-dark" style="margin:-2px 8px 10px 0px;">GMAO News</div> <p style="clear:both; padding-top:0.5em; padding-bottom: 1rem;text-indent:-10px;"><strong></strong><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/news/2025/2024_Peer_Awards/2024_Peer_Awards.php" target="_blank"> <img src="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/news/2025/2024_Peer_Awards/2024_Peer_Awards_cover.png" alt="thumbnail" style="float:left; vertical-align:top; padding-right:10px; width:53px; height:53px;" /> 2024 GMAO Peer Awards Honor Recipients' Outstaning Achievements (2.5.25)</a><br /><br /><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/news/2025/2024_Peer_Awards/2024_Peer_Awards.php" target="_blank">Read More »</a></p> <p style="clear:both; padding-top:0.5em; padding-bottom: 1rem;text-indent:-10px;"><strong></strong><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth/nasa-satellites-reveal-abrupt-drop-in-global-freshwater-levels/" target="_blank"> <img src="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/news/2024/GRACE_Bosilovich/grace-fo.png" alt="thumbnail" style="float:left; vertical-align:top; padding-right:10px; width:53px; height:53px;" /> New Paper Reveals Drop in Levels of Global Freshwater with Co-Author Mike Bosilovich (11.15.24)</a><br /><br /><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth/nasa-satellites-reveal-abrupt-drop-in-global-freshwater-levels/" target="_blank">Read More »</a></p> <p style="clear:both; padding-top:0.5em; padding-bottom: 1rem;text-indent:-10px;"><strong></strong><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/news/2024/EIC_Smithsonian/EIC_Smithsonian.php" target="_blank"> <img src="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/news/2024/EIC_Smithsonian/EIC_Smithsonian_cover.png" alt="thumbnail" style="float:left; vertical-align:top; padding-right:10px; width:53px; height:53px;" /> GMAO Content Featured in New NASA EIC Exhibit at Smithsonian's Museum of Natural History (10.9.24)</a><br /><br /><a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/news/2024/EIC_Smithsonian/EIC_Smithsonian.php" target="_blank">Read More »</a></p> <div class="archive_link"><a href="/news/index.php#archive">GMAO News Archive »</a></div> </div> <div id="system_news"> <div class="section_title">GEOS System News</div> <p>05.22.2024 ·<a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/news/geos_system_news/2024/GEOS_FP_patch_5_24.php" target="_blank">GEOS Forward Processing (GEOS-FP) patch May 22, 2024</a><br /></p> <div class="item_divider_light"></div> <p>01.25.2023 ·<a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/news/geos_system_news/2023/GEOS_FP_upgrade_1_25.php" target="_blank">GEOS Forward Processing (GEOS-FP) Upgrade Feb 7, 2023</a><br /></p> <div class="item_divider_light"></div> <p>03.21.2022 ·<a href="https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/news/geos_system_news/2022/GEOS_FP_upgrade_3_01.php" target="_blank">GEOS FP Upgraded to GEOS-5.29.4 on March 1</a><br /></p> <div class="archive_link"><a href="/news/geos_system_news/">GEOS System News Archive »</a></div> </div>  </div>   </div> <div class="divClear"></div> <div id="footer"> <div> <a href="https://www.nasa.gov" class="imageLink"><img src="/images/nasa-logo.svg" alt="NASA Logo, National Aeronautics and Space Administration" height="85" style="margin-left: 20px;" /></a> </div>  <div id="footer-signature"> <a href="https://science.gsfc.nasa.gov/earth/" class="imageLink"><img src="/images/ESD-logo.png" weight="230" height="47" alt="Earth Sciences" /></a> </div> <div class="nasafootlinks"id="footerLeft"> <ul> <li>Responsible NASA Official : <br />  <a href="mailto:Steven.Pawson-1@nasa.gov">Steven Pawson</a></li> <li>Web Curator:  <br />  <a href="mailto:bennett.erdman@nasa.gov">Bennett Erdman</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="nasafootlinks" id="footerRight" style="zoom:reset;"> <ul> <li> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nasa.gov/about/highlights/HP_Privacy.html">Privacy Policy & Important Notices</a> </li> <li> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nasa.gov/accessibility/">NASA's Accessibility Statement</a> </li> <li> <a href="/contact.php">Contact Us</a> </li> <li>Page Last Updated: 06/4/2024</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html> <style> @import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter&display=swap'); 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GMAO - Global Modeling and Assimilation Office Research Site