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<li id="toc-Comportement_des_anions_dans_l'eau_capillaire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comportement_des_anions_dans_l'eau_capillaire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Comportement des anions dans l'eau capillaire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comportement_des_anions_dans_l'eau_capillaire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liste_d'anions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liste_d'anions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Liste d'anions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liste_d'anions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Le_dianion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Le_dianion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Le dianion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Le_dianion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Voir aussi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Anion</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 50 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="شاردة صاعدة – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شاردة صاعدة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion" title="Anion – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Anion" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%91%D0%BD" title="Аніён – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аніён" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Анион – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Анион" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8" title="অ্যানায়ন – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অ্যানায়ন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani%C3%B3_(%C3%A0tom)" title="Anió (àtom) – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Anió (àtom)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%86" title="ئانیۆن – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئانیۆن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion" title="Anion – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Anion" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Анион – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Анион" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion" title="Anion – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Anion" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion" title="Anion – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Anion" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion" title="Anion – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Anion" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anjono" title="Anjono – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Anjono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani%C3%B3n" title="Anión – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Anión" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anioon" title="Anioon – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Anioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anioi" title="Anioi – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Anioi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="آنیون – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آنیون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anioni" title="Anioni – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Anioni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion" title="Anion – frison septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Anion" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frison septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainian" title="Ainian – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ainian" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani%C3%B3n" title="Anión – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Anión" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aneeane" title="Aneeane – mannois" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Aneeane" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mannois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion" title="Anion – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Anion" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anyon" title="Anyon – créole haïtien" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Anyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="créole haïtien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion" title="Anion – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Anion" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anione" title="Anione – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Anione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%99%B0%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AA%E3%83%B3" title="陰イオン – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="陰イオン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ანიონი – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანიონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Анион – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Анион" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion" title="Anion – bas-allemand" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Anion" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="bas-allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion" title="Anion – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Anion" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion" title="Anion – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Anion" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion" title="Anion – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Anion" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion" title="Anion – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Anion" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%82nion" title="Ânion – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ânion" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion" title="Anion – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Anion" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Анион – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Анион" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Анион – ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Анион" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Анион – iakoute" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Анион" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iakoute" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%87%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1" title="ඇනායන – cingalais" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඇනායන" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion" title="Anion – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Anion" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani%C3%B3n" title="Anión – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Anión" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion" title="Anion – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Anion" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%98%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Анјон – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Анјон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anjon" title="Anjon – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Anjon" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anioni" title="Anioni – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Anioni" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Анион – tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Анион" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Аніон – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Аніон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anion" title="Anion – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Anion" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%B4%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" title="阴离子 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阴离子" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q107968#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anion" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Logo_disambig-homophone.svg/20px-Logo_disambig-homophone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Logo_disambig-homophone.svg/30px-Logo_disambig-homophone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Logo_disambig-homophone.svg/40px-Logo_disambig-homophone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour l’article ayant un titre homophone, voir <a href="/wiki/Anyon" title="Anyon">Anyon</a>. </p> </div></div> <p>Un <b>anion</b> (du grec <i>ana-</i> : « en haut » et <i>iôn</i> : « qui va ») est un <a href="/wiki/Ion" title="Ion">ion</a> qui, ayant gagné un ou plusieurs <a href="/wiki/%C3%89lectron" title="Électron">électrons</a>, porte une ou plusieurs <a href="/wiki/Charge_%C3%A9l%C3%A9mentaire" title="Charge élémentaire">charges électriques élémentaires</a> négatives : par exemple, l’<a href="/wiki/Ion_chlorure" class="mw-redirect" title="Ion chlorure">ion chlorure</a> Cl<sup>−</sup> est l’atome de <a href="/wiki/Chlore" title="Chlore">chlore</a> ayant gagné un électron. À l’inverse, un <a href="/wiki/Cation" title="Cation">cation</a> contient moins d'électrons que de protons. </p><p>On l’appelle ainsi car lors d’une <a href="/wiki/%C3%89lectrolyse" title="Électrolyse">électrolyse</a>, cet ion est attiré par l’électrode positive nommée <a href="/wiki/Anode" title="Anode">anode</a>, de la même façon que les pôles de charges opposées des <a href="/wiki/Aimant" title="Aimant">aimants</a> s'attirent. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comportement_des_anions_dans_l'eau_libre"><span id="Comportement_des_anions_dans_l.27eau_libre"></span>Comportement des anions dans l'eau libre</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anion&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Comportement des anions dans l'eau libre" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anion&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Comportement des anions dans l'eau libre"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Articles détaillés : <a href="/wiki/Atome" title="Atome">Atome</a> et <a href="/wiki/Hydrog%C3%A8ne" title="Hydrogène">Hydrogène</a>.</div></div> <p>En raison de la forte <a href="/wiki/Polarit%C3%A9_(chimie)" title="Polarité (chimie)">polarité</a> de sa molécule, l’<a href="/wiki/Eau" title="Eau">eau</a> est un excellent solvant des ions. </p><p>Le seul anion présent dans l’eau pure est l’ion <a href="/wiki/Hydroxyde" title="Hydroxyde">hydroxyde</a> (OH<sup>−</sup>), issu de l’<a href="/wiki/Autoprotolyse" title="Autoprotolyse">autoprotolyse</a>. </p><p>L’anion peut-être <a href="/wiki/Ion_monoatomique" title="Ion monoatomique">monoatomique</a> tel l’ion <a href="/wiki/Chlorure" title="Chlorure">chlorure</a> (Cl<sup>−</sup>), ou <a href="/wiki/Ion_polyatomique" title="Ion polyatomique">polyatomique</a>, tel l’ion <a href="/wiki/Nitrite" title="Nitrite">nitrite</a> (NO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>). </p><p>Il peut être <a href="/wiki/Compos%C3%A9_inorganique" title="Composé inorganique">inorganique</a>, tel le <a href="/wiki/Carbonate" title="Carbonate">carbonate</a> (CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2−</sup>), l’hydrogénocarbonate ou <a href="/wiki/Bicarbonate" title="Bicarbonate">bicarbonate</a> (HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>), le <a href="/wiki/Sulfate" title="Sulfate">sulfate</a> (SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>), le <a href="/wiki/Nitrate" title="Nitrate">nitrate</a> (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>), le <a href="/wiki/Dihydrog%C3%A9nophosphate" class="mw-redirect" title="Dihydrogénophosphate">dihydrogénophosphate</a> (H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup>), l’<a href="/wiki/Hydrog%C3%A9nophosphate" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydrogénophosphate">hydrogénophosphate</a> (HPO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>) et le <a href="/wiki/Phosphate" title="Phosphate">phosphate</a> (PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup>), ou <a href="/wiki/Compos%C3%A9_organique" title="Composé organique">organique</a>, comme l’ion <a href="/wiki/Ac%C3%A9tate" title="Acétate">acétate</a> (CH<sub>3</sub>COO<sup>−</sup>). </p><p>S'il s'agit d'un non-métal, l'atome « préférera » gagner un électron plutôt que d'en perdre un. Il est aussi vrai que si l'atome est dans la catégorie des métaux, il « préférera » en perdre, plutôt que d'en gagner. Plus l'attraction du noyau sur les électrons est forte, moins l'atome « souhaitera » laisser partir ces électrons. La seule exception est l'hydrogène, puisqu'il n'y a en son noyau qu'un seul proton, il n'y a aucune attraction dominante. Donc, il peut aussi bien perdre son électron (<a href="/wiki/Ion_hydronium" title="Ion hydronium">H<sup>+</sup></a>) qu'en gagner un autre (<a href="/wiki/Anion_hydrog%C3%A8ne" class="mw-redirect" title="Anion hydrogène">H<sup>−</sup></a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comportement_des_anions_dans_l'eau_capillaire"><span id="Comportement_des_anions_dans_l.27eau_capillaire"></span>Comportement des anions dans l'eau capillaire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anion&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Comportement des anions dans l'eau capillaire" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anion&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Comportement des anions dans l'eau capillaire"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dans le sol ou les roches poreuses, les anions dans l'eau <a href="/wiki/Capillarit%C3%A9" title="Capillarité">capillaire</a> changent de comportement. Les théories classiques de convection-dispersion des solutés dans le sol utilisées jusque dans les années 1990, ne décrivent pas le vrai comportement des anions dans le sol. </p><p>Dans l'eau du sol, ou dans l'eau de nappe par exemple présente dans la <a href="/wiki/Nappe_de_la_craie" title="Nappe de la craie">craie</a>, on a depuis plusieurs décennies constaté que la vitesse moyenne de transport des anions dissous dans l'eau peut être très supérieure à celle des molécules d'eau qui accompagne. <br />Ce phénomène est aussi connu sous le nom d'<a href="/wiki/Exclusion_anionique" title="Exclusion anionique">exclusion anionique</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Il est attribué à une <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9pulsion_%C3%A9lectrostatique" class="mw-redirect" title="Répulsion électrostatique">répulsion électrostatique</a> induite par la charge négative des surfaces solides ; Cette force pousse les anions dans les centres des <a href="/wiki/Pore_(cristallographie)" title="Pore (cristallographie)">pores</a> de la matière où leur vitesse est alors plus rapide. Elle est décrite par une théorie dite « <i>diffusive double-layer theory</i> ». Ainsi a-t-on expérimentalement montré (1990/91) (sur des sols littoraux irriguées) que les ions <a href="/wiki/Chlorure" title="Chlorure">chlorure</a> et <a href="/wiki/Sulfate" title="Sulfate">sulfate</a> circulaient environ deux fois plus vite dans le sol que la vitesse à laquelle circule l'eau (ici <a href="/wiki/Eau_triti%C3%A9e" title="Eau tritiée">radiomarquée par du tritium</a>) dans laquelle ils sont dissous, et environ 30 fois plus vite dans tout ou partie d'une roche poreuse lors de cette étude (soit bien plus que les valeurs prévues par les anciens modèles de diffusion moléculaire dans un milieu poreux)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. L'exclusion anionique peut ainsi contredire des modèles uniquement basés sur l'hydrodynamisme, la concentration de la solution et la vitesse d'écoulement<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. C'est un phénomène à prendre en compte dans les cas de sols perdant des anions<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> ou vulnérables à la salinisation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liste_d'anions"><span id="Liste_d.27anions"></span>Liste d'anions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anion&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Liste d'anions" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anion&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liste d'anions"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable alternance gauche" style="width:20em"> <caption>Oxo-anions </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Nom </th> <th scope="col">Formule </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Ars%C3%A9niate" title="Arséniate">Arséniate</a> </th> <td>AsO<sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Ars%C3%A9nite" title="Arsénite">Arsénite</a> </th> <td>AsO<sub>3</sub><sup>3−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Borate" title="Borate">Borate</a> </th> <td>BO<sub>3</sub><sup>3−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Bromate" title="Bromate">Bromate</a> </th> <td>BrO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Carbonate" title="Carbonate">Carbonate</a> </th> <td>CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Chlorate" title="Chlorate">Chlorate</a> </th> <td>ClO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Chlorite_(chimie)" title="Chlorite (chimie)">Chlorite</a> </th> <td>ClO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Chromate" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromate">Chromate</a> </th> <td>CrO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Dichromate" title="Dichromate">Dichromate</a> </th> <td>Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub><sup>2−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Dihydrogénophosphate </th> <td>H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Hydrogéno-oxalate </th> <td>HC<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Bicarbonate" title="Bicarbonate">Hydrogénocarbonate</a> </th> <td>HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Hydrogénophosphate </th> <td>HPO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Hydrog%C3%A9nosulfate" title="Hydrogénosulfate">Hydrogénosulfate</a> </th> <td>HSO<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Hydrogénosulfite </th> <td>HSO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Hypobromite </th> <td>BrO<sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Hypochlorite" title="Hypochlorite">Hypochlorite</a> </th> <td>ClO<sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Iodate" title="Iodate">Iodate</a> </th> <td>IO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Nitrate" title="Nitrate">Nitrate</a> </th> <td>NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Nitrite" title="Nitrite">Nitrite</a> </th> <td>NO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Oxalate" title="Oxalate">Oxalate</a> </th> <td>C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Perchlorate" title="Perchlorate">Perchlorate</a> </th> <td>ClO<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Permanganate" title="Permanganate">Permanganate</a> </th> <td>MnO<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Phosphate" title="Phosphate">Phosphate</a> </th> <td>PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Phosphite" title="Phosphite">Phosphite</a> </th> <td>PO<sub>3</sub><sup>3−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Sulfate" title="Sulfate">Sulfate</a> </th> <td>SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Sulfite" title="Sulfite">Sulfite</a> </th> <td>SO<sub>3</sub><sup>2−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Thiosulfate" title="Thiosulfate">Thiosulfate</a> </th> <td>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub><sup>2−</sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable alternance gauche" style="width:20em"> <caption>Anions monoatomiques </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Nom </th> <th scope="col">Formule </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Ion_bromure" class="mw-redirect" title="Ion bromure">Bromure</a> </th> <td>Br<sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Chlorure" title="Chlorure">Chlorure</a> </th> <td>Cl<sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Ion_fluorure" class="mw-redirect" title="Ion fluorure">Fluorure</a> </th> <td>F<sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Hydrure" title="Hydrure">Hydrure</a> </th> <td>H<sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Ion_iodure" class="mw-redirect" title="Ion iodure">Iodure</a> </th> <td>I<sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Nitrure" title="Nitrure">Nitrure</a> </th> <td>N<sup>3−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Oxyde" title="Oxyde">Oxyde</a> </th> <td>O<sup>2−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Sulfure" title="Sulfure">Sulfure</a> </th> <td>S<sup>2−</sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable alternance gauche" style="width:20em"> <caption>Anions issus d'acides organiques </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Nom </th> <th scope="col">Formule </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Ac%C3%A9tate" title="Acétate">Acétate</a> </th> <td>CH<sub>3</sub>COO<sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Butyrate" class="mw-redirect" title="Butyrate">Butyrate</a> </th> <td>CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9thanoate" class="mw-redirect" title="Méthanoate">Formiate</a> </th> <td>HCO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Oxalate" title="Oxalate">Oxalate</a> </th> <td><sup>−</sup>OOC-COO<sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Salicylate" title="Salicylate">Salicylate</a> </th> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Nomenclature_des_d%C3%A9riv%C3%A9s_benz%C3%A9niques#ortho,_méta,_para" title="Nomenclature des dérivés benzéniques">ortho</a></i>-HO-C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>-CO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Tartrate" title="Tartrate">Tartrate</a> </th> <td><sup>−</sup>OOC-(CHOH)<sub>2</sub>-COO<sup>−</sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable alternance gauche" style="width:20em"> <caption>Autres anions </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Nom </th> <th scope="col">Formule </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Aluminate" title="Aluminate">Aluminate</a> </th> <td>Al(OH)<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Amidure" title="Amidure">Amidure</a> </th> <td>NH<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Azoture" title="Azoture">Azoture</a> </th> <td>N<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Cyanate" title="Cyanate">Cyanate</a> </th> <td>OCN<sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Cyanure" title="Cyanure">Cyanure</a> </th> <td>CN<sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Diphosphate </th> <td>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub><sup>4−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89lectrure" title="Électrure">Électrure</a> </th> <td>e<sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Hydrogénosulfure </th> <td>HS<sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Hydroxyde" title="Hydroxyde">Hydroxyde</a> </th> <td>HO<sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Peroxyde" title="Peroxyde">Peroxyde</a> </th> <td>O<sub>2</sub><sup>2−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Peroxodisulfate </th> <td>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Superoxyde" title="Superoxyde">Superoxyde</a> </th> <td>O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Thiocyanate" title="Thiocyanate">Thiocyanate</a> </th> <td>SCN<sup>−</sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="clear" style="clear:left;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Le_dianion">Le dianion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anion&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Le dianion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anion&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Le dianion"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>N'importe quel anion portant deux charges négatives. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anion&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anion&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anion&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anion&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="column-width:15em;column-gap:1em;" class="colonnes"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ion" title="Ion">Ion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cation" title="Cation">Cation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89lectrolyse" title="Électrolyse">Électrolyse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrologie" title="Hydrologie">Hydrologie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9dologie_(g%C3%A9oscience)" title="Pédologie (géoscience)">Pédologie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eau" title="Eau">eau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Solut%C3%A9" title="Soluté">soluté</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anion&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anion&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Bresler, Eshel, <i>Anion exclusion and coupling effects in nonsteady transport through unsaturated soils</i>. I. Theory ; Soil Science Society of America Proceedings (1973), 37(5), 663-9 CODEN: SSSAA8; <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/0038-0776">0038-0776</a></span>)</small>. English.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">H. Gvirtzman & S. M. Gorelick, <i>Dispersion and advection in unsaturated porous media enhanced by anion exclusion</i> ; Nature 352, 793 - 795 (29 August 1991); doi:10.1038/352793a0 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v352/n6338/abs/352793a0.html">Résumé</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Mokady, Raphael S.; Ravina, Israela; Zaslavsky, D. Israel, <i>Movement of salt in saturated soil columns</i> Journal of Chemistry (1968), 6(3), 159-65 CODEN: ISJCAT; <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/0021-2148">0021-2148</a></span>)</small>. English. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chemport.cas.org/cgi-bin/sdcgi?APP=ftslink&action=reflink&origin=npg&version=1.0&coi=1:CAS:528:DyaF1cXks1Knu7o%3D&pissn=0028-0836&pyear=1991&md5=c4c686df3612b4d534e8481687cf4360">Résumé</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Smith, S. J., <i>Relative rate of chloride movement in leaching of surface soils</i> ; Soil Science (1972), 114(4), 259-63 CODEN: SOSCAK; <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/0038-075X">0038-075X</a></span>)</small>. English. 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