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margin-left: 15px; margin-right: 0.4em; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.8em; ;" class="toclimit-3"> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Basic_features"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Basic features</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#City-manager"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">City-manager</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#City_council"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">City council</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Mayor"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Mayor</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Hiring_process"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Hiring process</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Trends"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Trends</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Footnotes"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Footnotes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <p>Council-manager government is one of the five major types of municipal government found in cities and towns throughout the United States. The other four are <a href="/Mayor-council_government" title="Mayor-council government">mayor-council</a>, <a href="/City_commission" title="City commission">commission</a>, <a href="/Open_town_meeting" title="Open town meeting">town meeting</a>, and <a href="/Representative_town_meeting" title="Representative town meeting">representative town meeting</a>. </p><p>In a council-manager government, an elected city council serves as the city's primary legislative body and appoints a chief executive officer called a city manager to oversee day-to-day municipal operations, to draft a budget, and to implement and enforce the council's policy and legislative initiatives. </p><p>Most council-manager governments also feature a mayor, who may be elected at-large and who officially represents the city on the state, national, and international levels. However, unlike in a <a href="/Mayor-council_government#Strong_mayor-council" title="Mayor-council government">strong mayor-council government</a>, the mayor is a regular voting member of city council with little or no legal privileges that may distinguish him or her from other council members. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Basic_features">Basic features</span></h2> <p>The city-manager, city council, and mayor work together to enact budgets, to draft and enforce legislation, to provide city services, and to oversee city departments and appoint departmental heads.<sup id="cite_ref-hiring_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hiring-1">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nlc_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nlc-2">[2]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-desantis_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-desantis-3">[3]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="City-manager">City-manager</span></h3> <table class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 0px; border-right:solid 0px; border-top:solid 3px #00008B; border-bottom:solid 3px #00008B; background-color:#E5E5E5; width:100%; font-size:100%;" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td> <ul><li>Appointed and dismissed by city council.</li> <li>Responsible for drafting and proposing a city budget.</li> <li>Responsible for amending the city budget as dictated by city council.</li> <li>Responsible for appointing departmental heads and directors (sometimes with the approval of city council).</li> <li>Responsible for implementing and enforcing council policies and legislative initiatives.</li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="City_council">City council</span></h3> <table class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 0px; border-right:solid 0px; border-top:solid 3px #00008B; border-bottom:solid 3px #00008B; background-color:#E5E5E5; width:100%; font-size:100%;" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td> <ul><li>Elected to two or four year terms either by district or at-large.</li> <li>Responsible for appointing a city-manager.</li> <li>Responsible for drafting and passing legislation and city ordinances.</li> <li>Responsible for approving the city budget proposed by the city-manager.</li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Mayor">Mayor</span></h3> <table class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 0px; border-right:solid 0px; border-top:solid 3px #00008B; border-bottom:solid 3px #00008B; background-color:#E5E5E5; width:100%; font-size:100%;" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td> <ul><li>Generally elected at-large to two or four year terms.</li> <li>Votes at city-council meetings.</li> <li>Does not possess veto powers.</li> <li>Officially represents the city on the state, national, and international levels.</li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Hiring_process">Hiring process</span></h2> <p>The city-manager is not an elected position. Rather, the holder of this office serves at the pleasure of the council, which retains the legal right to dismiss and replace the city-manager. The hiring process for a city-manager is comparable to that of a corporate CEO. It begins with general discussions amongst city council members, often in consultation with voters and professional consultants. After a hiring notice is drafted and distributed to professional organizations, the process then moves to a multistage interview process that includes a review of applications and onsite interviews with qualified candidates. The process ends with a vote taken by city council.<sup id="cite_ref-hiring_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hiring-1">[1]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span></h2> <p>The origins of council-manager government in the United States can be found in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Then, most cities utilized a <a href="/Mayor-council_government#Weak_mayor-council" title="Mayor-council government">weak mayor-council</a> form of municipal government in which all executive, legislative, and administrative powers were invested in city councils. Though most of these governments also featured a mayor, the role was primarily a ceremonial one with duties that included ribbon-cutting events and presiding over official city events such as festivals and parades.<sup id="cite_ref-kweit_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kweit-4">[4]</a></sup> </p><p>In the late nineteenth century, cities began experimenting with other types of municipal government.<sup id="cite_ref-encyc_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encyc-5">[5]</a></sup> A political movement began that criticized inefficiencies in weak mayor-council governments and their failure to break the power of the political bosses and machines that influenced American politics. One development that emerged out of this movement was the <a href="/Mayor-council_government#Strong_mayor-council" title="Mayor-council government">strong mayor-council government</a>, in which executive and administrative power was removed from city council and placed in the hands of an at-large elected mayor. Another development, however, was the council-manager government in which city councils were required to hire a professional administrator who would be responsible for municipal finances, the implementation and enforcement of law, and basic city administration.<sup id="cite_ref-encyc_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encyc-5">[5]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup> </p> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:402px;"><a href="/Manager-council_government#Recent_trends" title="Manager-council government"><img alt="" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/3/37/Munigov.jpg/400px-Munigov.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="247" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/3/37/Munigov.jpg/600px-Munigov.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/3/37/Munigov.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="395" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/File:Munigov.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Figure 1</div></div></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Trends">Trends</span></h2> <p>Council-manager government is a common form of municipal government, especially in cities with populations between 10,000 and 500,000 citizens. Based on data gathered by the International City/County Management Association, approximately 59 percent of cities in the United States utilized the council-manager system as of 2011 (see Figure 1).<sup id="cite_ref-desantis_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-desantis-3">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-icma_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-icma-7">[7]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-icmaa_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-icmaa-8">[8]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-icmaaa_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-icmaaa-9">[9]</a></sup> </p><p>Political scientists and policy analysts have stated that the prevalence of the council-manager form of government was indicative of a trend toward professionalization in municipal administration, and that state laws and transparency and accountability organizations were the catalysts of this trend.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup> </p> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1548351761485-0"><script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display("div-gpt-ad-1548351761485-0"); });</script></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span></h2> <ul><li><a href="/Mayor-council_government" title="Mayor-council government">Mayor-council government</a></li> <li><a href="/City_commission" title="City commission">City commission</a></li> <li><a href="/Open_town_meeting" title="Open town meeting">Open town meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/Representative_town_meeting" title="Representative town meeting">Representative town meeting</a></li></ul> <div class="floatright"><a href="/Ballotpedia:Index_of_Terms" title="Ballotpedia:Index of Terms"><img alt="Ballotpedia:Index of Terms" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/4/42/Terms_and_Definitions_badge.png/115px-Terms_and_Definitions_badge.png" decoding="async" width="115" height="115" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/4/42/Terms_and_Definitions_badge.png/173px-Terms_and_Definitions_badge.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/4/42/Terms_and_Definitions_badge.png/230px-Terms_and_Definitions_badge.png 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="432" /></a></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span></h2> <ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.nlc.org/">National League of Cities</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://icma.org/en/icma/home">International City/County Management Association (ICMA)</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Footnotes">Footnotes</span></h2> <p> <script type="text/javascript"> if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; </script> </p> <div class="references-small"><div class="mobile-columns"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-hiring-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-hiring_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-hiring_1-1">1.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://icma.org/en/icma/about/overview/hiring_manager"><i>International City/Council Management Association</i>, "Professional Local Government Management," accessed November 26, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nlc-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-nlc_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.nlc.org/build-skills-and-networks/resources/cities-101/city-structures/forms-of-municipal-government"><i>National League of Cities</i>, "Forms of Municipal Government," accessed November 26, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-desantis-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-desantis_3-0">3.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-desantis_3-1">3.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">DeSantis, V.S. & Renner, T. "City Government Structures: An Attempt at Clarification," in <i>State & Local Government Review</i>, Vol. 34, No. 2, Spring, 2002 (pages 96-97)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kweit-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-kweit_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=5gR5wwapjiAC&pg=PA181&dq=History+of+weak+Mayor-council&hl=en&sa=X&ei=8o5qVJa8HZKqyASI7ILAAw&ved=0CEAQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q&f=false">Kweit, R. & Kweit M.G. (1999) <i>People and Politics in Urban America</i>. London: Routledge (pages 181-185)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-encyc-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encyc_5-0">5.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-encyc_5-1">5.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=4il1AwAAQBAJ&pg=PT564&dq=History+of+Mayor-council&hl=en&sa=X&ei=lYxqVOPzHYutyQTP5YHgAQ&ved=0CEMQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=History%20of%20Mayor-council&f=false">Goldfield, D. (2007) <i>Encyclopedia of American Urban History</i>. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publicans, Inc. (pages 454-456)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Frederickson, G.H, Logan, B. & Wood, C., "Municipal Reform in Mayor-Council Cities: A Well Kept Secret," in <i>State and Local Government Review</i>, Vol. 35, No. 1, Winter, 2003 (pages 7-9)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-icma-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-icma_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://icma.org/en/icma/knowledge_network/documents/kn/Document/303954/ICMA_2011_Municipal_Form_of_Government_Survey_Summary"><i>International City/County Management Association</i>, "Municipal Form of Government Survey Summary 2011," accessed November 18, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-icmaa-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-icmaa_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://www.skidmore.edu/~bturner/2008%20city%20govt%20types.pdf"><i>International City/County Management Association</i>, "Municipal Form of Government Survey Summary 2006," accessed November 18, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-icmaaa-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-icmaaa_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://kcmayor.org/cms/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Municipal-Form-of-Government-Trends-in-Structure.pdf">Moulder, E. "Municipal Form of Government: Trends in Structure, Responsibility, and Composition," in <i>The Municipal Year Book 2008</i>. Washington, D.C.: International City/County Management Association, 2008 (pages 27-28)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Frederickson, G.H, Logan, B. & Wood, C., "Municipal Reform in Mayor-Council Cities: A Well Kept Secret," in <i>State and Local Government Review</i>, Vol. 35, No. 1, Winter, 2003 (pages 10-12)</span> </li> </ol></div></div></div> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";background:#bbccee;" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ;background:#bbccee;;border:none;;"><a href="/Template:Municipal_government_hnt" title="Template:Municipal government hnt"><span title="View this template" style=";background:#bbccee;;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Template:Municipal_government_hnt&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;background:#bbccee;;border:none;;" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><big><a href="/Municipal_Government" title="Municipal Government">Municipal Government</a></big></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>Elections</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i>Mayoral:</i> <a href="/United_States_mayoral_elections,_2024" title="United States mayoral elections, 2024">2024</a> • <a href="/United_States_mayoral_elections,_2023" title="United States mayoral elections, 2023">2023</a> • <a href="/United_States_mayoral_elections,_2022" title="United States mayoral elections, 2022">2022</a> • <a href="/United_States_mayoral_elections,_2021" title="United States mayoral elections, 2021">2021</a> • <a href="/United_States_mayoral_elections,_2020" title="United States mayoral elections, 2020">2020</a><br /><i>Municipal:</i> <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2024" title="United States municipal elections, 2024">2024</a> • <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2023" title="United States municipal elections, 2023">2023</a> • <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2022" title="United States municipal elections, 2022">2022</a> • <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2021" title="United States municipal elections, 2021">2021</a> • <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2020" title="United States municipal elections, 2020">2020</a> • <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2019" title="United States municipal elections, 2019">2019</a> • <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2018" title="United States municipal elections, 2018">2018</a> • <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2017" title="United States municipal elections, 2017">2017</a> • <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2016" title="United States municipal elections, 2016">2016</a> • <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2015" title="United States municipal elections, 2015">2015</a> • <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2014" title="United States municipal elections, 2014">2014</a><br /><i>Judicial:</i> <a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2024" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2024">2024</a> • <a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2023" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2023">2023</a> • <a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2022" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2022">2022</a> • <a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2021" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2021">2021</a> • <a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2020" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2020">2020</a> • <a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2019" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2019">2019</a> • <a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2018" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2018">2018</a> • <a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2017" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2017">2017</a> • <a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2016" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2016">2016</a> • <a href="/Judicial_candidates,_2015" class="mw-redirect" title="Judicial candidates, 2015">2015</a> • <a href="/Judicial_elections,_2014" title="Judicial elections, 2014">2014</a> • <a href="/Judicial_elections,_2013" title="Judicial elections, 2013">2013</a> • <a href="/Judicial_elections,_2012" title="Judicial elections, 2012">2012</a> • <a href="/Judicial_elections,_2011" title="Judicial elections, 2011">2011</a> • <a href="/Judicial_elections,_2010" title="Judicial elections, 2010">2010</a> • <a href="/Judicial_elections,_2009" title="Judicial elections, 2009">2009</a><br /><i>Recall:</i> <a href="/Mayoral_recalls" title="Mayoral recalls">Mayoral recalls</a> • <a href="/City_council_recalls" title="City council recalls">City council recalls</a><hr /></div></td><td style="width:1%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;padding-left:0.5em;" rowspan="7"><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/Municipal_Government" title="Municipal Government"><img alt="Municipal Government Final.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/05/Municipal_Government_Final.png/130px-Municipal_Government_Final.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="130" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/05/Municipal_Government_Final.png/195px-Municipal_Government_Final.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/05/Municipal_Government_Final.png/260px-Municipal_Government_Final.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="900" /></a></div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>Cities</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Cities_in_Alabama" title="Cities in Alabama">Alabama</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Alaska" title="Cities in Alaska">Alaska</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Arizona" title="Cities in Arizona">Arizona</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Arkansas" title="Cities in Arkansas">Arkansas</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_California" title="Cities in California">California</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Colorado" title="Cities in Colorado">Colorado</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Connecticut" title="Cities in Connecticut">Connecticut</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Delaware" title="Cities in Delaware">Delaware</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Florida" title="Cities in Florida">Florida</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Georgia" title="Cities in Georgia">Georgia</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Hawaii" title="Cities in Hawaii">Hawaii</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Idaho" title="Cities in Idaho">Idaho</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Illinois" title="Cities in Illinois">Illinois</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Indiana" title="Cities in Indiana">Indiana</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Iowa" title="Cities in Iowa">Iowa</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Kansas" title="Cities in Kansas">Kansas</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Kentucky" title="Cities in Kentucky">Kentucky</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Louisiana" title="Cities in Louisiana">Louisiana</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Maine" title="Cities in Maine">Maine</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Maryland" title="Cities in Maryland">Maryland</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Massachusetts" title="Cities in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Michigan" title="Cities in Michigan">Michigan</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Minnesota" title="Cities in Minnesota">Minnesota</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Mississippi" title="Cities in Mississippi">Mississippi</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Missouri" title="Cities in Missouri">Missouri</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Montana" title="Cities in Montana">Montana</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Nebraska" title="Cities in Nebraska">Nebraska</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Nevada" title="Cities in Nevada">Nevada</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_New_Hampshire" title="Cities in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_New_Jersey" title="Cities in New Jersey">New Jersey</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_New_Mexico" title="Cities in New Mexico">New Mexico</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_New_York" title="Cities in New York">New York</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_North_Carolina" title="Cities in North Carolina">North Carolina</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_North_Dakota" title="Cities in North Dakota">North Dakota</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Ohio" title="Cities in Ohio">Ohio</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Oklahoma" title="Cities in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Oregon" title="Cities in Oregon">Oregon</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Pennsylvania" title="Cities in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Rhode_Island" title="Cities in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_South_Carolina" title="Cities in South Carolina">South Carolina</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_South_Dakota" title="Cities in South Dakota">South Dakota</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Tennessee" title="Cities in Tennessee">Tennessee</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Texas" title="Cities in Texas">Texas</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Utah" title="Cities in Utah">Utah</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Vermont" title="Cities in Vermont">Vermont</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Virginia" title="Cities in Virginia">Virginia</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Washington" title="Cities in Washington">Washington</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_West_Virginia" title="Cities in West Virginia">West Virginia</a> • <a href="/Cities_in_Wisconsin" title="Cities in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a><hr /></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>Counties</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Counties_in_Alabama" title="Counties in Alabama">Alabama</a> • <a href="/Boroughs_in_Alaska" title="Boroughs in Alaska">Alaska</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Arizona" title="Counties in Arizona">Arizona</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Arkansas" title="Counties in Arkansas">Arkansas</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_California" title="Counties in California">California</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Colorado" title="Counties in Colorado">Colorado</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Connecticut" title="Counties in Connecticut">Connecticut</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Delaware" title="Counties in Delaware">Delaware</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Florida" title="Counties in Florida">Florida</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Georgia" title="Counties in Georgia">Georgia</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Hawaii" title="Counties in Hawaii">Hawaii</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Idaho" title="Counties in Idaho">Idaho</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Illinois" title="Counties in Illinois">Illinois</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Indiana" title="Counties in Indiana">Indiana</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Iowa" title="Counties in Iowa">Iowa</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Kansas" title="Counties in Kansas">Kansas</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Kentucky" title="Counties in Kentucky">Kentucky</a> • <a href="/Parishes_in_Louisiana" title="Parishes in Louisiana">Louisiana</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Maine" title="Counties in Maine">Maine</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Maryland" title="Counties in Maryland">Maryland</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Massachusetts" title="Counties in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Michigan" title="Counties in Michigan">Michigan</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Minnesota" title="Counties in Minnesota">Minnesota</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Mississippi" title="Counties in Mississippi">Mississippi</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Missouri" title="Counties in Missouri">Missouri</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Montana" title="Counties in Montana">Montana</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Nebraska" title="Counties in Nebraska">Nebraska</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Nevada" title="Counties in Nevada">Nevada</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_New_Hampshire" title="Counties in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_New_Jersey" title="Counties in New Jersey">New Jersey</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_New_Mexico" title="Counties in New Mexico">New Mexico</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_New_York" title="Counties in New York">New York</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_North_Carolina" title="Counties in North Carolina">North Carolina</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_North_Dakota" title="Counties in North Dakota">North Dakota</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Ohio" title="Counties in Ohio">Ohio</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Oklahoma" title="Counties in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Oregon" title="Counties in Oregon">Oregon</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Pennsylvania" title="Counties in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Rhode_Island" title="Counties in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_South_Carolina" title="Counties in South Carolina">South Carolina</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_South_Dakota" title="Counties in South Dakota">South Dakota</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Tennessee" title="Counties in Tennessee">Tennessee</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Texas" title="Counties in Texas">Texas</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Utah" title="Counties in Utah">Utah</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Vermont" title="Counties in Vermont">Vermont</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Virginia" title="Counties in Virginia">Virginia</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Washington" title="Counties in Washington">Washington</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_West_Virginia" title="Counties in West Virginia">West Virginia</a> • <a href="/Counties_in_Wisconsin" title="Counties in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> • <a 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