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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Adult+standards%22">"Adult standards"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Adult+standards%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Adult+standards%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Adult+standards%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Adult+standards%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Adult+standards%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Adult_contemporary" class="mw-redirect" title="Adult contemporary">Adult contemporary</a>.</div> <p><b>Adult standards</b> (also sometimes known as the <b>nostalgia</b> or <b>Big Band</b> format<sup id="cite_ref-nyr_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyr-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is a <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North American</a> <a href="/wiki/Radio_format" title="Radio format">radio format</a> heard primarily on <a href="/wiki/AM_broadcasting" title="AM broadcasting">AM</a> or class A <a href="/wiki/FM_broadcasting" title="FM broadcasting">FM</a> stations. </p><p>Adult standards started in the 1950s and is aimed at "mature" adults, meaning mainly those people over 50 years of age,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but it is mostly targeted for senior citizens. It is primarily on AM because <a href="/wiki/Market_research" title="Market research">market research</a> reveals that only persons in that age group listen to music on AM in sizable numbers. Adult standards first became a popular format in the late 1970s and early 1980s as a way to reach mature adults who came of age before the rock era but were perhaps too mature for <a href="/wiki/Adult_contemporary" class="mw-redirect" title="Adult contemporary">adult contemporary</a> radio or too young for <a href="/wiki/Beautiful_music" title="Beautiful music">beautiful music</a> or <a href="/wiki/Middle_of_the_road_(music)" title="Middle of the road (music)">MOR</a> stations. A typical adult standards playlist includes <a href="/wiki/Traditional_pop" title="Traditional pop">traditional pop music</a> by artists such as <a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tony_Bennett" title="Tony Bennett">Tony Bennett</a>, some <a href="/wiki/Easy_listening" title="Easy listening">easy listening</a> numbers from <a href="/wiki/Roger_Whittaker" title="Roger Whittaker">Roger Whittaker</a> and others, and softer tunes from the <a href="/wiki/Oldies" title="Oldies">oldies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adult_contemporary_music" title="Adult contemporary music">adult contemporary music</a> formats. </p><p>As originally conceived, the format features <a href="/wiki/Big_band" title="Big band">big band</a> music, particularly from the 1940s and 1950s,<sup id="cite_ref-nyr_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyr-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though most modern stations eschew that genre. Younger artists who record in the big-band era style, such as <a href="/wiki/Harry_Connick_Jr." title="Harry Connick Jr.">Harry Connick Jr.</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Diana_Krall" title="Diana Krall">Diana Krall</a>, may be played as well. The term "standards" in the format's title is a reference to the <a href="/wiki/Standard_(music)" title="Standard (music)">standard</a>, a song that is <a href="/wiki/Cover_version" title="Cover version">covered</a> extensively by many artists over a prolonged period of time; adult standards may play true standards but are not limited to them. </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Nielsen_Audio" title="Nielsen Audio">Nielsen Audio</a>, there were 129 stations with adult standards/<a href="/wiki/Middle_of_the_road_(music)" title="Middle of the road (music)">MOR</a> as format in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 95">: 95 </span></sup> Because the adult standards audience has increased in age to the point where many of its listeners have either died or are no longer attractive to advertisers, the format as it is known today (much like the contemporary decline of <a href="/wiki/Oldies" title="Oldies">oldies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Smooth_jazz" title="Smooth jazz">smooth jazz</a> formats, along with the earlier demise of <a href="/wiki/Easy_listening" title="Easy listening">easy listening</a>) is likely to die out. Most independently programmed former adult standards stations have transitioned to other formats such as oldies, <a href="/wiki/Classic_hits" title="Classic hits">classic hits</a>, or adult contemporary music that have similar music but skew toward more modern songs. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Satellite_delivered_formats">Satellite delivered formats</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adult_standards&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Satellite delivered formats"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Only about a handful of adult standards stations today are live and locally programmed around-the-clock. Many have affiliated with nationally distributed satellite formats to cut costs; due to advertiser perceptions about the audiences these stations primarily target, a large number of adult standards stations have trouble selling airtime to advertisers, which makes them unprofitable. For example, <a href="/wiki/KIXI" title="KIXI">KIXI</a> 880 AM, serving the <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a> market and <a href="/wiki/KKIN_(AM)" title="KKIN (AM)">KKIN</a> 930 AM, serving <a href="/wiki/Aitkin,_Minnesota" title="Aitkin, Minnesota">Aitkin</a>, terminated its local airstaff to affiliate with the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicofyourlife.com">Music of Your Life</a> network. Many others have simply dumped the format altogether, often for all-talk or all-sports formats, <a href="/wiki/Oldies" title="Oldies">oldies</a>, or other formats deemed by management more profitable than standards. </p><p>Music of Your Life is an adult standards format that probably more than any other source defined the format. Music of Your Life, was founded by <a href="/wiki/Al_Ham" title="Al Ham">Al Ham</a> in 1978 and boasts a roster of well-known personalities including <a href="/wiki/Peter_Marshall_(game_show_host)" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Marshall (game show host)">Peter Marshall</a>, Steve March-Torme, son of the legendary crooner, Mel Tormé, big band leader Les Brown, Jr., radio veteran Al Hardee, Lorri Hafer, daughter of founder Al Ham, and weekend host <a href="/wiki/Pat_Boone" title="Pat Boone">Pat Boone</a>. Following an internal shakeup in 2008, business developer, Marc Angell took over the fledgling network and moved the company's broadcasting operations to Denver, Colorado, under a distribution deal with Clear Channel Satellite. <i>Music of Your Life</i> is currently distributed by Music of Your Life, Inc. a publicly traded company listed on the OTC markets under the ticker symbol, MYLI, and is distributed to AM, FM, and HD radio stations using the Barix system. </p><p>Dial Global (formerly part of <a href="/wiki/Westwood_One_(1976%E2%80%932011)" title="Westwood One (1976–2011)">Westwood One</a>) has an adult standards format distributed via satellite; Dial Global's is called "Adult Standards" (known on-air as "<a href="/wiki/America%27s_Best_Music" title="America's Best Music">America's Best Music</a>"). Prior to 2010, <a href="/wiki/Citadel_Media" class="mw-redirect" title="Citadel Media">ABC</a> distributed <a href="/wiki/Timeless_(radio_network)" title="Timeless (radio network)">Stardust/Timeless Classics/Timeless</a>. Stardust/Timeless Classics was consolidated with a <a href="/wiki/Middle_of_the_road_(music)" title="Middle of the road (music)">middle-of-the-road</a> format owned by ABC—<a href="/wiki/Unforgettable_Favorites" title="Unforgettable Favorites">Unforgettable Favorites</a>/Memories—in 2006, creating <i>Timeless</i>. Westwood One originally called its format <a href="/wiki/AM_Only" class="mw-redirect" title="AM Only">AM Only</a> and for a time, as the name suggests, offered the format only to AM stations; today, a handful of FM stations also air Westwood One's format. </p><p>While Music of Your Life has not eliminated all of the big-band and traditional pop music from its playlist, Westwood One and ABC dropped much of the older music in favor of softer pop and rock oldies from the 1960s and 1970s <a href="/wiki/Top_40" title="Top 40">top 40</a> era and a good deal of soft AC material as well. Under Dial Global, some of the older-style songs are making a comeback on the Westwood One format. ABC discontinued its Timeless service early in 2010; that same year, Music of Your Life added more 1960s oldies to its playlist. </p><p><a href="/wiki/IHeartMedia" title="IHeartMedia">iHeartMedia</a>'s <a href="/w/index.php?title=Format_Lab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Format Lab (page does not exist)">Format Lab</a> also features at least two adult standards formats. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adult_standards_terrestrial_stations">Adult standards terrestrial stations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adult_standards&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Adult standards terrestrial stations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some noteworthy AM & FM radio stations featuring the adult standards format today include: </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Call sign</th> <th>Frequency</th> <th>City of License</th> <th>Additional Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/CFZM" title="CFZM">CFZM</a></td> <td>740 AM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto, Ontario</a></td> <td>Believed to be the only remaining adult standards-formatted station in North America broadcasting on a 50,000-watt clear channel signal. Selections are announced on air. Has a strong international following. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/CJNU-FM" title="CJNU-FM">CJNU-FM</a></td> <td>107.9 FM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Winnipeg" title="Winnipeg">Winnipeg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manitoba" title="Manitoba">Manitoba</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/CJWL-FM" class="mw-redirect" title="CJWL-FM">CJWL-FM</a></td> <td>98.5 FM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa, Ontario</a></td> <td>The "Jewel"-branded stations have recently moved more toward Soft AC and identify with the moniker "Refreshing Lite Hits." However, traditional Standards are still played at night. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/CKDX-FM" title="CKDX-FM">CKDX-FM</a></td> <td>88.5 FM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Newmarket,_Ontario" title="Newmarket, Ontario">Newmarket, Ontario</a></td> <td>The "Jewel"-branded stations have recently moved more toward Soft AC and identify with the moniker "Refreshing Lite Hits." However, traditional Standards are still played at night. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/CKHK-FM" title="CKHK-FM">CKHK-FM</a></td> <td>107.7 FM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hawkesbury,_Ontario" title="Hawkesbury, Ontario">Hawkesbury, Ontario</a></td> <td>The "Jewel"-branded stations have recently moved more toward Soft AC and identify with the moniker "Refreshing Lite Hits." However, traditional Standards are still played at night. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/CKPC-FM" title="CKPC-FM">CKPC-FM</a></td> <td>92.1 FM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brantford,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Brantford, Ontario">Brantford, Ontario</a></td> <td>The "Jewel"-branded stations have recently moved more toward Soft AC and identify with the moniker "Refreshing Lite Hits." However, traditional Standards are still played at night. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/KDKK" title="KDKK">KDKK</a></td> <td>97.5 FM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Park_Rapids,_Minnesota" title="Park Rapids, Minnesota">Park Rapids, Minnesota</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/KKIN_(AM)" title="KKIN (AM)">KKIN</a></td> <td>930 AM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aitkin,_Minnesota" title="Aitkin, Minnesota">Aitkin, Minnesota</a></td> <td>Since August 4, 2014, the station has switched to a sports format with a syndication of <a href="/wiki/NBC_Sports_Radio" title="NBC Sports Radio">NBC Sports Radio</a>. Since August 1, 2017, the station has returned to the adult standards format once again. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/KIXI" title="KIXI">KIXI</a></td> <td>880 AM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seattle,_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle, Washington">Seattle, Washington</a></td> <td>50 kW daytime, 10 kW nights. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/KJIM" title="KJIM">KJIM</a><br />K267CB</td> <td>1500 AM<br />101.3 FM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sherman,_Texas" title="Sherman, Texas">Sherman, Texas</a></td> <td>The station is owned by Bob Mark Allen Productions, Inc. and is an affiliate of <a href="/wiki/CBS_News_Radio" title="CBS News Radio">CBS News Radio</a>, <a href="/wiki/NOAA_Weather_Radio" title="NOAA Weather Radio">NOAA Weather Radio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Westwood_One" title="Westwood One">Westwood One</a>, and <a href="/wiki/America%27s_Best_Music" title="America's Best Music">America's Best Music</a>. As of 2021, the station had partially leaned into a formula of Soft AC/<a href="/wiki/Oldie" class="mw-redirect" title="Oldie">Gold</a>-based AC, but still remains its Adult Standards format. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/KQLH-LP" title="KQLH-LP">KQLH-LP</a> </td> <td>92.5 LPFM </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yucaipa,_California" title="Yucaipa, California">Yucaipa, California</a> </td> <td><b>KQLH</b>-LP (<b>92.5</b> FM) is a low-power FM radio station branded as "<b>Studio 92.5</b> FM". The station is operated by Arrowhead Radio Alliance of the Inland Empire broadcasting an Adult Standards Nostalgia Oldies music format. This station is licensed in Yucaipa, California. It can also be heard on Alex and online at MyKQLH.com </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/KWXY" title="KWXY">KWXY</a></td> <td>1340 AM<br />92.3FM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Palm_Springs,_California" title="Palm Springs, California">Palm Springs, California</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/KZQX" title="KZQX">KZQX</a></td> <td>100.3 FM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tatum,_Texas" title="Tatum, Texas">Tatum, Texas</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WABF_(AM)" title="WABF (AM)">WABF</a></td> <td>1480 AM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mobile,_Alabama" title="Mobile, Alabama">Mobile, Alabama</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WBNJ" title="WBNJ">WBNJ</a></td> <td>91.9 FM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Barnegat,_New_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="Barnegat, New Jersey">Barnegat, New Jersey</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WEBR" title="WEBR">WEBR</a></td> <td>1440 AM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls,_New_York" title="Niagara Falls, New York">Niagara Falls, New York</a></td> <td>Adopted the format in 2020. A revival of a station with the same call sign and format previously used on what is now <a href="/wiki/WDCZ" title="WDCZ">WDCZ</a> from 1924 to 1993. Shifted to a more <a href="/wiki/Middle_of_the_road_(music)" title="Middle of the road (music)">MOR</a>-influenced playlist in 2021 but retains a traditional standards format on weekends. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WJEJ" title="WJEJ">WJEJ</a></td> <td>1240 AM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hagerstown,_Maryland" title="Hagerstown, Maryland">Hagerstown, Maryland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WJIB" title="WJIB">WJIB</a></td> <td>740 AM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a>/<a href="/wiki/Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston, Massachusetts">Boston, Massachusetts</a></td> <td>"The Memories Station", Bob Bittner, Owner </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WKHR" title="WKHR">WKHR</a></td> <td>91.5 FM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bainbridge_Township,_Ohio" title="Bainbridge Township, Ohio">Bainbridge, Ohio</a></td> <td>Owned by the Kenston Local School District and programmed by both community volunteers and Kenston High School students </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WLEC" title="WLEC">WLEC</a></td> <td>1450 AM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sandusky,_Ohio" title="Sandusky, Ohio">Sandusky, Ohio</a></td> <td>Airs Dial Global Local's <a href="/wiki/The_Lounge_(radio_network)" title="The Lounge (radio network)">The Lounge</a> format </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WLHC" title="WLHC">WLHC</a></td> <td>103.1 FM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sanford,_North_Carolina" title="Sanford, North Carolina">Sanford, North Carolina</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WMBS" title="WMBS">WMBS</a></td> <td>590 AM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uniontown,_Pennsylvania" title="Uniontown, Pennsylvania">Uniontown, Pennsylvania</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WRIV" title="WRIV">WRIV</a></td> <td>1390 AM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Riverhead,_New_York" title="Riverhead, New York">Riverhead, New York</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WTLO" title="WTLO">WTLO</a> </td> <td>1480 AM </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Somerset,_Kentucky" title="Somerset, Kentucky">Somerset, Kentucky</a> </td> <td>Since 1958, WTLO has stood for "We're The Local Ones" and prides itself on a live "Buy/Sell/Trade" show airing Monday through Saturday, and playing Adult Standards throughout the day. </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Satellite_radio">Satellite radio</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adult_standards&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Satellite radio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Moving into the 21st Century, adult standards have been given a lift as a format by new media, such as: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sirius_XM_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirius XM Radio">Sirius XM</a> Channel 5, <i><a href="/wiki/The_50s_on_5" class="mw-redirect" title="The 50s on 5">The 50s on 5</a></i>, playing some older pre-rock-and-roll-era music along with some newer rock-and-roll hits from the late 1950s and early 1960s.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirius_XM_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirius XM Radio">Sirius XM Radio</a> 70, <i><a href="/wiki/Siriusly_Sinatra" class="mw-redirect" title="Siriusly Sinatra">Siriusly Sinatra</a></i> (formerly entitled <i>Standard Time</i> before February 2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/XM_Satellite_Radio" title="XM Satellite Radio">XM Satellite Radio</a> <i><a href="/wiki/40s_Junction" class="mw-redirect" title="40s Junction">40s Junction</a></i>, XM Satellite Radio Channel 73</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adult_standards&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adult_contemporary_music" title="Adult contemporary music">Adult contemporary music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beautiful_music" title="Beautiful music">Beautiful music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_of_the_road_(music)" title="Middle of the road (music)">Middle of the road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_standards" class="mw-redirect" title="Pop standards">Pop standards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_pop" title="Traditional pop">Traditional pop</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adult_standards&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-nyr-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyr_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyr_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nyradioguide.com/formats.htm">"Radio Station Format Guide"</a>. <i>New York Radio Guide</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-02-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Radio+Guide&rft.atitle=Radio+Station+Format+Guide&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nyradioguide.com%2Fformats.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdult+standards" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmithOstroffWright2023" class="citation book cs1">Smith, F. Leslie; Ostroff, David H.; Wright, John W. (31 May 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OOnAEAAAQBAJ"><i>Perspectives on Radio and Television: Telecommunication in the United States</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-000-93880-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-000-93880-7"><bdi>978-1-000-93880-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Perspectives+on+Radio+and+Television%3A+Telecommunication+in+the+United+States&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2023-05-31&rft.isbn=978-1-000-93880-7&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=F.+Leslie&rft.au=Ostroff%2C+David+H.&rft.au=Wright%2C+John+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOOnAEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdult+standards" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHendricksMims2018" class="citation book cs1">Hendricks, John Allen; Mims, Bruce (2018). <i>The radio station: broadcasting, podcasting, and streaming</i> (10 ed.). New York/London: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781351816335" title="Special:BookSources/9781351816335"><bdi>9781351816335</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+radio+station%3A+broadcasting%2C+podcasting%2C+and+streaming&rft.place=New+York%2FLondon&rft.edition=10&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9781351816335&rft.aulast=Hendricks&rft.aufirst=John+Allen&rft.au=Mims%2C+Bruce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAdult+standards" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adult_standards&oldid=1251553155">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adult_standards&oldid=1251553155</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Radio_formats" title="Category:Radio formats">Radio formats</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_February_2024" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from February 2024">Articles needing additional references from February 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 16 October 2024, at 19:08<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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