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id="toc-Invasion_of_Ukraine_and_losses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Structure </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Structure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Structure subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Submarine_and_surface_forces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Submarine_and_surface_forces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Submarine and surface forces </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Submarine_and_surface_forces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coastal_troops" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coastal_troops"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Coastal troops </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coastal_troops-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Naval_aviation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naval_aviation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Naval aviation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Naval_aviation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ranks,_rates_and_insignia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ranks,_rates_and_insignia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Ranks, rates and insignia </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ranks,_rates_and_insignia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Ranks, rates and insignia subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Ranks,_rates_and_insignia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Officers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Warrant_officers_and_ratings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Warrant_officers_and_ratings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Warrant officers and ratings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Warrant_officers_and_ratings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Equipment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equipment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Equipment </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Equipment subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ships_and_submarines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ships_and_submarines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Ships and submarines </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ships_and_submarines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Aircraft </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Radars </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_districts_and_fleets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_districts_and_fleets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Military districts and fleets </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Military_districts_and_fleets-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Military districts and fleets subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Military_districts_and_fleets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Northern_Military_District_–_Northern_Joint_Strategic_Command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northern_Military_District_–_Northern_Joint_Strategic_Command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Northern Military District – Northern Joint Strategic Command </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Northern_Military_District_–_Northern_Joint_Strategic_Command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Northern_Fleet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northern_Fleet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1.1 Northern Fleet </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Northern_Fleet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Western_Military_District_–_Western_Joint_Strategic_Command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Western_Military_District_–_Western_Joint_Strategic_Command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Western Military District – Western Joint Strategic Command </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Western_Military_District_–_Western_Joint_Strategic_Command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Baltic_Fleet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baltic_Fleet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.1 Baltic Fleet </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baltic_Fleet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Southern_Military_District_–_Southern_Joint_Strategic_Command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Southern_Military_District_–_Southern_Joint_Strategic_Command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Southern Military District – Southern Joint Strategic Command </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Southern_Military_District_–_Southern_Joint_Strategic_Command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Black_Sea_Fleet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Black_Sea_Fleet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3.1 Black Sea Fleet </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Black_Sea_Fleet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operational_Command_South_-_Tartus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operational_Command_South_-_Tartus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3.2 Operational Command South - Tartus </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operational_Command_South_-_Tartus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caspian_Flotilla" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caspian_Flotilla"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3.3 Caspian Flotilla </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caspian_Flotilla-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eastern_Military_District_–_Eastern_Joint_Strategic_Command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eastern_Military_District_–_Eastern_Joint_Strategic_Command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Eastern Military District – Eastern Joint Strategic Command </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eastern_Military_District_–_Eastern_Joint_Strategic_Command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pacific_Fleet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pacific_Fleet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4.1 Pacific Fleet </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pacific_Fleet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Future_and_modernization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Future_and_modernization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Future and modernization </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Future_and_modernization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Main_Naval_Parade_in_St._Petersburg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_Naval_Parade_in_St._Petersburg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Main Naval Parade in St. Petersburg </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Main_Naval_Parade_in_St._Petersburg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deployments_from_2018" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deployments_from_2018"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Deployments from 2018 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Deployments_from_2018-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Deployments from 2018 subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Deployments_from_2018-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ocean_Shield" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ocean_Shield"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Ocean Shield </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ocean_Shield-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Combined-fleet_exercises" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Combined-fleet_exercises"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Combined-fleet exercises </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Combined-fleet_exercises-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-June_2021" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#June_2021"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2.1 June 2021 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-June_2021-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-January–February_2022" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#January–February_2022"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2.2 January–February 2022 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-January–February_2022-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Annual_exercise" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Annual_exercise"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Annual exercise </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Annual_exercise-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Barents_Sea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Barents_Sea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Barents Sea </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Barents_Sea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Atlantic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Atlantic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.5 Atlantic </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Atlantic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_Atlantic_and_Mediterranean_Sea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_Atlantic_and_Mediterranean_Sea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.6 North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_Atlantic_and_Mediterranean_Sea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Syria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Syria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.7 Syria </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Syria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sudan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sudan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.8 Sudan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sudan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Algeria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Algeria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.9 Algeria </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Algeria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Egypt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Egypt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.10 Egypt </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Egypt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caribbean_Sea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caribbean_Sea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.11 Caribbean Sea </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caribbean_Sea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-East_Africa:_Somali_Coast" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#East_Africa:_Somali_Coast"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.12 East Africa: Somali Coast </div> </a> <ul id="toc-East_Africa:_Somali_Coast-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indian_Ocean_and_Arabian_Sea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indian_Ocean_and_Arabian_Sea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.13 Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indian_Ocean_and_Arabian_Sea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-East_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#East_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.14 East Asia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-East_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Russian Navy</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 47 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" > 47 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiese_Vloot" title="Russiese Vloot – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Russiese Vloot" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="البحرية الروسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="البحرية الروسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusiya_H%C9%99rbi_D%C9%99niz_Q%C3%BCvv%C9%99l%C9%99ri" title="Rusiya Hərbi Dəniz Qüvvələri – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Rusiya Hərbi Dəniz Qüvvələri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80" title="রুশ নৌবাহিনী – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রুশ নৌবাহিনী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Ваенна-Марскі Флот Расійскай Федэрацыі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ваенна-Марскі Флот Расійскай Федэрацыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Военноморски флот на Русия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Военноморски флот на Русия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morlu_Rusia" title="Morlu Rusia – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Morlu Rusia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%C3%A7%C3%A7%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BD%C4%95%D1%81-%C3%87%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%87%C4%95" title="Раççей Федерацин Тинĕс-Çар Флочĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Раççей Федерацин Тинĕс-Çар Флочĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1mo%C5%99nictvo_Rusk%C3%A9_federace" title="Námořnictvo Ruské federace – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Námořnictvo Ruské federace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruslands_fl%C3%A5de" title="Ruslands flåde – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ruslands flåde" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russische_Marine" title="Russische Marine – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Russische Marine" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venemaa_merev%C3%A4gi" title="Venemaa merevägi – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Venemaa merevägi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%9D%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C" title="Ρωσικό Πολεμικό Ναυτικό – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρωσικό Πολεμικό Ναυτικό" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armada_de_Rusia" title="Armada de Rusia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Armada de Rusia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusa_Mararmeo" title="Rusa Mararmeo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rusa Mararmeo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Errusiar_Itsas_Armada" title="Errusiar Itsas Armada – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Errusiar Itsas Armada" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%87" title="نیروی دریایی روسیه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیروی دریایی روسیه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_russe" title="Marine russe – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Marine russe" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84_%ED%95%B4%EA%B5%B0" title="러시아 해군 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="러시아 해군" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="रूसी नौसेना – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रूसी नौसेना" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruska_ratna_mornarica" title="Ruska ratna mornarica – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ruska ratna mornarica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angkatan_Laut_Rusia" title="Angkatan Laut Rusia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Angkatan Laut Rusia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voenno-morskoj_flot_(Federazione_Russa)" title="Voenno-morskoj flot (Federazione Russa) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Voenno-morskoj flot (Federazione Russa)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%99" title="הצי הרוסי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הצי הרוסי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orosz_Haditenger%C3%A9szet" title="Orosz Haditengerészet – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Orosz Haditengerészet" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tentera_Laut_Rusia" title="Tentera Laut Rusia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tentera Laut Rusia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russische_marine" title="Russische marine – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Russische marine" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="ロシア海軍 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロシア海軍" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%A5%D3%80%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Российн Федерацин ТӀеман-ХӀордан Флот – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Российн Федерацин ТӀеман-ХӀордан Флот" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russlands_marine" title="Russlands marine – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Russlands marine" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_russiske_marinen" title="Den russiske marinen – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Den russiske marinen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marynarka_Wojenna_Federacji_Rosyjskiej" title="Marynarka Wojenna Federacji Rosyjskiej – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Marynarka Wojenna Federacji Rosyjskiej" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marinha_da_R%C3%BAssia" title="Marinha da Rússia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Marinha da Rússia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marina_Militar%C4%83_Rus%C4%83" title="Marina Militară Rusă – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Marina Militară Rusă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Военно-морской флот Российской Федерации – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Военно-морской флот Российской Федерации" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marina_Ruse" title="Marina Ruse – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Marina Ruse" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruska_vojna_mornarica" title="Ruska vojna mornarica – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ruska vojna mornarica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Војно-поморска флота Руске Федерације – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Војно-поморска флота Руске Федерације" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruska_ratna_mornarica" title="Ruska ratna mornarica – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ruska ratna mornarica" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ven%C3%A4j%C3%A4n_laivasto" title="Venäjän laivasto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Venäjän laivasto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rysslands_flotta" title="Rysslands flotta – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rysslands flotta" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="กองทัพเรือรัสเซีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กองทัพเรือรัสเซีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusya_Deniz_Kuvvetleri" title="Rusya Deniz Kuvvetleri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Rusya Deniz Kuvvetleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the modern navy formed in 1992. For the navy from 1917 to 1991, see <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Navy" title="Soviet Navy">Soviet Navy</a>. For the navy prior to 1917, see <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russian_Navy" title="Imperial Russian Navy">Imperial Russian Navy</a>. For a history of all Russian navies, see <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Russian_Navy" title="History of the Russian Navy">History of the Russian Navy</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Naval arm of the Russian military</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Russian Navy</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Военно-морской флот Российской Федерации</li> <li>Voyenno-morskoy flot Rossiyskoy Federatsii</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/200px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/300px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/400px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="573" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Emblem of the Russian Navy</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>1696–1917</li><li>1992–present<a href="#cite_note-Russian_Navy_birth_day-1">[1]</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">Russia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Navy" title="Navy">Navy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">160,000 active duty (2023)<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> Approx. 370 active ships<a href="#cite_note-IISS2014_p185-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed Forces of the Russian Federation">Armed Forces of the Russian Federation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Admiralty_building,_Saint_Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Admiralty building, Saint Petersburg">Admiralty building</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Motto(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">"С нами Бог и Андреевский флаг!" (God and St. Andrew's flag are with us!)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">March</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Quick – "Экипаж—одна семья" (English: The Crew—One Family)</li> <li>Slow – "Гвардейский встречный марш Военно-морского флота" (English: Slow March of the Guards of the Navy)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Anniversaries</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Navy_Day_(Russia)" title="Navy Day (Russia)">Navy Day</a> (last Sunday in July) Submariner's Day (19 March) Surface Sailor's Day (20 October)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_Russian_Navy_ships" title="List of active Russian Navy ships">Fleet</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1 <a href="/wiki/Russian_aircraft_carrier_Admiral_Kuznetsov" title="Russian aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov">aircraft carrier</a> (inactive) 2 <a href="/wiki/Kirov-class_battlecruiser" title="Kirov-class battlecruiser">battlecruisers</a> 2 <a href="/wiki/Cruiser" title="Cruiser">cruisers</a> 10 <a href="/wiki/Destroyer" title="Destroyer">destroyers</a> 11 <a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">frigates</a> 80 <a href="/wiki/Corvette" title="Corvette">corvettes</a> 11 <a href="/wiki/Landing_ship_tank" class="mw-redirect" title="Landing ship tank">landing ship tanks</a> 60 <a href="/wiki/Landing_craft" title="Landing craft">landing craft</a> 18 special-purpose ships 4 <a href="/wiki/Patrol_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrol ship">patrol ships</a> 56 <a href="/wiki/Patrol_boat" title="Patrol boat">patrol boats</a> 45 <a href="/wiki/Mine_countermeasures_vessel" title="Mine countermeasures vessel">mine countermeasures vessels</a> 8 special-purpose submarines 65 active <a href="/wiki/Ballistic_missile_submarine" title="Ballistic missile submarine">ballistic missile</a>/<a href="/wiki/Cruise_missile_submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="Cruise missile submarine">cruise missile</a> and <a href="/wiki/Attack_submarine" title="Attack submarine">attack submarines</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Georgian_War" title="Russo-Georgian War">Russo-Georgian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracy_off_the_coast_of_Somalia" title="Piracy off the coast of Somalia">Anti-piracy operation in Gulf of Aden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Annexation of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian Civil War">Syrian Civil War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://structure.mil.ru/structure/forces/navy.htm">structure.mil.ru/structure/forces/navy.htm</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q465283#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Russian_Navy" title="Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy">Commander-in-Chief</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Alekseyevich_Moiseyev" title="Aleksandr Alekseyevich Moiseyev">Aleksandr Moiseyev</a> (acting)<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">First Deputy Commander-in-Chief</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Nosatov" title="Aleksandr Nosatov">Aleksandr Nosatov</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Deputy Commander-in-Chief</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vice-Admiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-Admiral">Vice-Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lvovich_Kasatonov" title="Vladimir Lvovich Kasatonov">Vladimir Kasatonov</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Insignia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Ensign_of_the_Russian_Navy" title="Ensign of the Russian Navy">Ensign</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg/125px-Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg/188px-Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg/250px-Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Naval_jack" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval jack">Jack</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Naval_Jack_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Naval_Jack_of_Russia.svg/125px-Naval_Jack_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Naval_Jack_of_Russia.svg/188px-Naval_Jack_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Naval_Jack_of_Russia.svg/250px-Naval_Jack_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Commissioning_pennant" title="Commissioning pennant">Pennant</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Russia,_Pendant_of_Naval_2000_(ships).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Russia%2C_Pendant_of_Naval_2000_%28ships%29.svg/125px-Russia%2C_Pendant_of_Naval_2000_%28ships%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Russia%2C_Pendant_of_Naval_2000_%28ships%29.svg/188px-Russia%2C_Pendant_of_Naval_2000_%28ships%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Russia%2C_Pendant_of_Naval_2000_%28ships%29.svg/250px-Russia%2C_Pendant_of_Naval_2000_%28ships%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1013" data-file-height="336" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Patch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Naval_sleeve_badge_of_the_Russian_Federation-1.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Naval_sleeve_badge_of_the_Russian_Federation-1.svg/125px-Naval_sleeve_badge_of_the_Russian_Federation-1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Naval_sleeve_badge_of_the_Russian_Federation-1.svg/188px-Naval_sleeve_badge_of_the_Russian_Federation-1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Naval_sleeve_badge_of_the_Russian_Federation-1.svg/250px-Naval_sleeve_badge_of_the_Russian_Federation-1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="603" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Middle Emblem</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Middle_Emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Middle_Emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/125px-Middle_Emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Middle_Emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/188px-Middle_Emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Middle_Emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/250px-Middle_Emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="420" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Insignia</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Small_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Small_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/125px-Small_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Small_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/188px-Small_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Small_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/250px-Small_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="474" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> The Russian Navy<a href="#cite_note-6">[a]</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Navy" title="Navy">naval arm</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Russian Armed Forces">Russian Armed Forces</a>. It has existed in various forms since 1696. Its present iteration was formed in January 1992 when it succeeded the Navy of the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a> (which had itself succeeded the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Navy" title="Soviet Navy">Soviet Navy</a> following the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">dissolution of the Soviet Union</a> in late December 1991). The <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russian_Navy" title="Imperial Russian Navy">Imperial Russian Navy</a> was established by <a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Great" title="Peter the Great">Peter the Great</a> (Peter I) in October 1696. The symbols of the Russian Navy, the <a href="/wiki/St._Andrew" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Andrew">St. Andrew</a>'s ensign (seen to the right), and most of its traditions were established personally by Peter I. The Russian navy possesses the vast majority of the former Soviet naval forces, and currently comprises the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Fleet" title="Northern Fleet">Northern Fleet</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Fleet_(Russia)" title="Pacific Fleet (Russia)">Pacific Fleet</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleet</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Fleet" title="Baltic Fleet">Baltic Fleet</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Flotilla" title="Caspian Flotilla">Caspian Flotilla</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Permanent_task_force_of_the_Russian_Navy_in_the_Mediterranean_Sea" class="mw-redirect" title="Permanent task force of the Russian Navy in the Mediterranean Sea">permanent task force in the Mediterranean</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_Naval_Aviation" title="Russian Naval Aviation">Naval Aviation</a>, and the Coastal Troops (consisting of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Naval_Infantry" title="Russian Naval Infantry">Naval Infantry</a> and the Coastal Missile and Artillery Troops). The Russian navy suffered severely with the <a href="/wiki/Collapse_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Collapse of the Soviet Union">collapse of the Soviet Union</a> due to insufficient maintenance, lack of funding, and subsequent effects on the training of personnel and timely replacement of equipment. Another setback was attributed to Russia's domestic shipbuilding industry, which was in decline due to the absence of modern hardware and technology. In 2013, a rise in gas and oil prices enabled a sort of renaissance of the Russian Navy due to increased available funds, which may have allowed Russia to begin "developing the capacity to modernize".<a href="#cite_note-7">[6]</a> In August 2014, Defence Minister <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Shoigu" title="Sergei Shoigu">Sergei Shoigu</a> said that Russian naval capabilities would be bolstered with new weapons and equipment within the next six years in response to the <a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_NATO" title="Enlargement of NATO">enlargement of NATO</a> and the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-reuters.com-8">[7]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">needs update</a>] As of September 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Russian_Navy&action=edit">[update]</a> the non-operational aircraft carrier <a href="/wiki/Russian_aircraft_carrier_Admiral_Kuznetsov" title="Russian aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov">Admiral Kuznetsov</a> is the Russian Navy's only carrier leaving the Russian Navy without an operational aircraft carrier. Further, reports that the Admiral Kuznetsov's crew of ca. 1500 has been reassigned to the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Army">Russian Army</a> for <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">combat duty in Ukraine</a> indicates that there is no plan to make the Russian Navy a carrier navy again.<a href="#cite_note-forbes-2024-09-22-9">[8]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Russian_Navy" title="History of the Russian Navy">History of the Russian Navy</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Navy" title="Soviet Navy">Soviet Navy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russian_Navy" title="Imperial Russian Navy">Imperial Russian Navy</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Russian Armed Forces">Russian Armed Forces</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Middle_emblem_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation_(27.01.1997-present).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Middle_emblem_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2827.01.1997-present%29.svg/200px-Middle_emblem_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2827.01.1997-present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Middle_emblem_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2827.01.1997-present%29.svg/300px-Middle_emblem_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2827.01.1997-present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Middle_emblem_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2827.01.1997-present%29.svg/400px-Middle_emblem_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2827.01.1997-present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="661" data-file-height="448" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Middle_emblem_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_the_Russian_Federation_(21.07.2003-present).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Middle_emblem_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2821.07.2003-present%29.svg/25px-Middle_emblem_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2821.07.2003-present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Middle_emblem_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2821.07.2003-present%29.svg/38px-Middle_emblem_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2821.07.2003-present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Middle_emblem_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2821.07.2003-present%29.svg/50px-Middle_emblem_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_the_Russian_Federation_%2821.07.2003-present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="134" data-file-height="87" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Defence (Russia)">Ministry of Defence</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#679267; color:#f9f9f9;"> Staff</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Great_emblem_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Great_emblem_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Great_emblem_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="437" data-file-height="501" /></a> <a href="/wiki/General_Staff_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation">General Staff of the Armed Forces</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#679267; color:#f9f9f9;"> Services (vid)</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1826" data-file-height="2200" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Ground_Forces" title="Russian Ground Forces">Russian Ground Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="582" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Forces">Russian Aerospace Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="573" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russian Navy</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#679267; color:#f9f9f9;"> Independent troops (rod)</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_Strategic_Rocket_Forces_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Great_emblem_of_Strategic_Rocket_Forces_of_Russia.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_Strategic_Rocket_Forces_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Great_emblem_of_Strategic_Rocket_Forces_of_Russia.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_Strategic_Rocket_Forces_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Great_emblem_of_Strategic_Rocket_Forces_of_Russia.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_Strategic_Rocket_Forces_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1571" data-file-height="1867" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Rocket_Forces" title="Strategic Rocket Forces">Strategic Rocket Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Airborne_Troops.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Airborne_Troops.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Airborne_Troops.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Airborne_Troops.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Airborne_Troops.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Airborne_Troops.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Airborne_Troops.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1571" data-file-height="1867" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Airborne_Forces" title="Russian Airborne Forces">Russian Airborne Forces</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#679267; color:#f9f9f9;"> Special operations force (sof)</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Special_Operations_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Great_emblem_of_the_Special_Operations_Forces.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Special_Operations_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Great_emblem_of_the_Special_Operations_Forces.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Special_Operations_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Great_emblem_of_the_Special_Operations_Forces.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Special_Operations_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="989" data-file-height="1182" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Forces_(Russia)" title="Special Operations Forces (Russia)">Special Operations Forces</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#679267; color:#f9f9f9;"> Other troops</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Rear_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Great_emblem_of_the_Rear_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Rear_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Great_emblem_of_the_Rear_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Rear_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Great_emblem_of_the_Rear_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Rear_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="715" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Logistical_Support_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Logistical Support of the Russian Armed Forces">Logistical Support</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#679267; color:#f9f9f9;"> Military districts</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Western_Military_District.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Great_emblem_of_the_Western_Military_District.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Western_Military_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Great_emblem_of_the_Western_Military_District.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Western_Military_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Great_emblem_of_the_Western_Military_District.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Western_Military_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="423" data-file-height="509" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Military_District" title="Leningrad Military District">Leningrad Military District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Moscow_Military_District.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Great_emblem_of_the_Moscow_Military_District.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Moscow_Military_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Great_emblem_of_the_Moscow_Military_District.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Moscow_Military_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Great_emblem_of_the_Moscow_Military_District.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Moscow_Military_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="411" data-file-height="487" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Military_District" title="Moscow Military District">Moscow Military District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Southern_Military_District.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Great_emblem_of_the_Southern_Military_District.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Southern_Military_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Great_emblem_of_the_Southern_Military_District.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Southern_Military_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Great_emblem_of_the_Southern_Military_District.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Southern_Military_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="429" data-file-height="509" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Southern_Military_District" title="Southern Military District">Southern Military District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Central_Military_District.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Great_emblem_of_the_Central_Military_District.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Central_Military_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Great_emblem_of_the_Central_Military_District.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Central_Military_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Great_emblem_of_the_Central_Military_District.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Central_Military_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="428" data-file-height="508" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Central_Military_District" title="Central Military District">Central Military District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Eastern_Military_District.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Great_emblem_of_the_Eastern_Military_District.svg/25px-Great_emblem_of_the_Eastern_Military_District.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Great_emblem_of_the_Eastern_Military_District.svg/38px-Great_emblem_of_the_Eastern_Military_District.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Great_emblem_of_the_Eastern_Military_District.svg/50px-Great_emblem_of_the_Eastern_Military_District.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="608" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Military_District" title="Eastern Military District">Eastern Military District</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#679267; color:#f9f9f9;"> History of the Russian military</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Russia" title="Military history of Russia">Military history of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Russian_military_ranks" title="History of Russian military ranks">History of Russian military ranks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Military ranks of the Soviet Union">Military ranks of the Soviet Union</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Russian_military" title="Template:Russian military"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Russian_military" title="Template talk:Russian military"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Russian_military" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Russian military"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Admiralty_SPB.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Admiralty_SPB.jpg/220px-Admiralty_SPB.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Admiralty_SPB.jpg/330px-Admiralty_SPB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Admiralty_SPB.jpg/440px-Admiralty_SPB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3700" data-file-height="2775" /></a><figcaption>The Russian Admiralty in <a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Petersburg">St. Petersburg</a> is famed for its gilded steeple topped by a golden weather-vane in the shape of a sailing ship.</figcaption></figure> The 1991 <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">dissolution of the Soviet Union</a> led to a severe decline in the Russian Navy. <a href="/wiki/Military_budget_of_Russia" title="Military budget of Russia">Defence expenditures</a> were severely reduced. Many ships were scrapped or laid up as accommodation ships at naval bases, and the building program was essentially stopped. <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Gorshkov" title="Sergey Gorshkov">Sergey Gorshkov</a>'s buildup during the Soviet period had emphasised ships over support facilities, but Gorshkov had also retained ships in service beyond their effective lifetimes, so a reduction had been inevitable in any event.<a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a> The situation was exacerbated by the impractical range of vessel types which the Soviet <a href="/wiki/Military%E2%80%93industrial_complex" title="Military–industrial complex">military-industrial complex</a>, with the support of the leadership, had forced on the navy—taking modifications into account, the Soviet Navy in the mid-1980s had nearly 250 different classes of ship.<a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Kiev-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Kiev-class aircraft carrier">Kiev-class aircraft carrying cruisers</a> and many other ships were prematurely retired, and the incomplete second <a href="/wiki/Kuznetsov-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Kuznetsov-class aircraft carrier">Admiral Kuznetsov-class aircraft carrier</a> <a href="/wiki/Chinese_aircraft_carrier_Liaoning" title="Chinese aircraft carrier Liaoning">Varyag</a> was eventually sold to the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a> by Ukraine. Funds were only allocated for the completion of ships ordered prior to the collapse of the USSR, as well as for refits and repairs on fleet ships taken out of service since. However, the construction times for these ships tended to stretch out extensively: in 2003 it was reported that the <a href="/wiki/Russian_submarine_Nerpa_(K-152)" title="Russian submarine Nerpa (K-152)">Akula-class submarine Nerpa</a> had been under construction for fifteen years.<a href="#cite_note-12">[11]</a> Storage of decommissioned nuclear submarines in ports near <a href="/wiki/Murmansk" title="Murmansk">Murmansk</a> became a significant issue, with the <a href="/wiki/Bellona_Foundation" title="Bellona Foundation">Bellona Foundation</a> reporting details of lowered readiness. Naval support bases outside Russia, such as <a href="/wiki/Cam_Ranh_Bay" title="Cam Ranh Bay">Cam Ranh Bay</a> in Vietnam, were gradually closed, with the exception of the modest technical support base in <a href="/wiki/Tartus" title="Tartus">Tartus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> to support ships deployed to the Mediterranean. Naval Aviation declined as well from its height as <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Naval_Aviation" title="Soviet Naval Aviation">Soviet Naval Aviation</a>, dropping from an estimated 60,000 personnel with some 1,100 combat aircraft in 1992 to 35,000 personnel with around 270 combat aircraft in 2006.<a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a> In 2002, out of 584 naval aviation crews only 156 were combat ready, and 77 ready for night flying. Average annual flying time was 21.7 hours, compared to 24 hours in 1999.<a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a> Training and readiness also suffered severely. In 1995, only two missile submarines at a time were being maintained on station, from the Northern and Pacific Fleets.<a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a> The decline culminated in the loss of the Oscar II-class submarine <a href="/wiki/Russian_submarine_Kursk_(K-141)" title="Russian submarine Kursk (K-141)">Kursk</a> during the Northern Fleet summer exercise that was intended to back up the publication of a new naval doctrine.<a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a> The exercise was to have culminated with the deployment of the Admiral Kuznetsov task group to the Mediterranean.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] As of February 2008, the Russian Navy had 44 nuclear submarines with 24 operational; 19 diesel-electric submarines, 16 operational; and 56 first and second rank surface combatants, 37 operational.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-17">[16]</a> Despite this improvement, the November <a href="/wiki/K-152_Nerpa_accident" title="K-152 Nerpa accident">2008 accident</a> on board the <a href="/wiki/Akula-class_submarine" title="Akula-class submarine">Akula-class</a> <a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">submarine</a> attack boat Nerpa during sea trials before lease to India represented a concern for the future.<a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a> The strength and quality of the Russian Navy started to improve during the 2010s. From 2010-2014 Russian officials negotiated the purchase of four <a href="/wiki/Mistral-class_landing_helicopter_dock" title="Mistral-class landing helicopter dock">Mistral-class</a> <a href="/wiki/Landing_helicopter_dock" title="Landing helicopter dock">landing helicopter docks</a>. On 3 September 2014, French President announced that due to Russia's "<a href="/wiki/2014_Russian_military_intervention_in_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2014 Russian military intervention in Ukraine">recent actions in Ukraine</a>", the two ships would not be delivered.<a href="#cite_note-BBC1-19">[18]</a> In November 2014, François Hollande placed a hold on the delivery of the first Mistral to Russia in view of the conflict in east Ukraine. Hollande set two conditions for delivery: the observation of a ceasefire in Ukraine and a political agreement between Moscow and Kiev.<a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a> On 5 August 2015 it was announced that France was to pay back Russia's partial payments and keep the two ships initially produced for Russia.<a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a> The ships eventually were sold to Egypt. In 2012, as part of an ambitious rebuilding effort, <a href="/wiki/President_of_Russia" title="President of Russia">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> announced a plan to build 51 modern ships and 24 submarines by 2020.<a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a> Of the 24 submarines, 16 were to be nuclear-powered.<a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a> On 10 January 2013, the Russian Navy finally accepted its first new Borei-class SSBN (<a href="/wiki/Russian_submarine_Yury_Dolgorukiy_(K-535)" title="Russian submarine Yury Dolgorukiy (K-535)">Yury Dolgorukiy</a>) for service.<a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a> A second Borei (<a href="/wiki/Russian_submarine_Alexander_Nevsky_(K-550)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian submarine Alexander Nevsky (K-550)">Aleksandr Nevskiy</a>) was undergoing sea trials and entered service on 21 December 2013.<a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a> A third Borei-class boat (<a href="/wiki/Russian_submarine_Vladimir_Monomakh" title="Russian submarine Vladimir Monomakh">Vladimir Monomakh</a>) was launched and began trials in early 2013, and was commissioned in late 2014.<a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> As of early 2022, five Borei-class boats are in service, along with three <a href="/wiki/Yasen-class_submarine" title="Yasen-class submarine">Yasen-class</a> nuclear attack submarines. More vessels of these classes are building along with additional <a href="/wiki/Lada-class_submarine" title="Lada-class submarine">Lada</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kilo-class_submarine#Project_636.3_units" title="Kilo-class submarine">Improved-Kilo-class</a> conventional attack submarines. The surface fleet is also being modernized, principally by introducing at least <a href="/wiki/Future_of_the_Russian_Navy#Corvettes" title="Future of the Russian Navy">six new classes of corvette/offshore patrol vessels</a>, a new class of frigate (<a href="/wiki/Admiral_Gorshkov-class_frigate" class="mw-redirect" title="Admiral Gorshkov-class frigate">the Admiral Gorshkov class</a>), as well as new classes of amphibious ships and support vessels. In 2019, total tonnage of the Russian Navy stood at 1,216,547 tonnes.<a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Invasion_of_Ukraine_and_losses">Invasion of Ukraine and losses</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Russian_cruiser_Moskva.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Russian_cruiser_Moskva.jpg/220px-Russian_cruiser_Moskva.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Russian_cruiser_Moskva.jpg/330px-Russian_cruiser_Moskva.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Russian_cruiser_Moskva.jpg/440px-Russian_cruiser_Moskva.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="950" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Slava-class_cruiser" title="Slava-class cruiser">Slava-class cruiser</a> Moskva, sunk in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></figcaption></figure> In 2022, the Russian Navy took part in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, starting with the <a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Snake_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Attack on Snake Island">attack on Snake Island</a> at the beginning of the war, at which the Ukrainian defenders told the <a href="/wiki/Russian_cruiser_Moskva" title="Russian cruiser Moskva">Russian cruiser Moskva</a>, flagship of the Black Sea; "<a href="/wiki/Russian_warship,_go_fuck_yourself" title="Russian warship, go fuck yourself">Russian warship, go fuck yourself</a>",<a href="#cite_note-m792-29">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-n641-30">[29]</a> before subsequently being captured by Russian forces. Moskva sunk on 14 April 2022 after a fire broke out and forced the crew to evacuate. The Ukrainian military reported that they hit the ship with <a href="/wiki/R-360_Neptune" title="R-360 Neptune">Neptune anti-ship missiles</a>, however the Russian military did not confirm this. The ship subsequently capsized and sank while the Russian Navy was attempting to tow her into port. The <a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_the_Moskva" title="Sinking of the Moskva">sinking of Moskva</a> is the most significant Russian naval loss in action since World War II.<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a> In December 2023, the <a href="/wiki/Russian_landing_ship_Novocherkassk" title="Russian landing ship Novocherkassk">Russian landing ship Novocherkassk</a> was also destroyed after being hit by Ukrainian cruise missiles.<a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a> On 31 January 2024, Ukrainian <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_surface_vehicle" title="Unmanned surface vehicle">sea drones</a> struck the Russian <a href="/wiki/Tarantul-class_corvette" title="Tarantul-class corvette">Tarantul-class corvette</a> Ivanovets in the Black Sea, causing the ship to sink.<a href="#cite_note-The_Telegraph_2024_e989-33">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-Greenall_2024_j308-34">[33]</a> Two weeks later on 14 February, the same type of Ukrainian sea drones struck and sank the <a href="/wiki/Russian_ship_Tsezar_Kunikov" title="Russian ship Tsezar Kunikov">Russian Landing ship Tsezar Kunikov</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Goryashko_2024_x892-35">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tom_Balmforth_2024_k016-36">[35]</a> On 5 March, the patrol boat Sergei Kotov was also lost to sea drones.<a href="#cite_note-Murphy_2024_l650-37">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FrogmenExercise2017-08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/FrogmenExercise2017-08.jpg/220px-FrogmenExercise2017-08.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/FrogmenExercise2017-08.jpg/330px-FrogmenExercise2017-08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/FrogmenExercise2017-08.jpg/440px-FrogmenExercise2017-08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>A Naval Spetsnaz frogman</figcaption></figure><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title">Navies of Russia</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russian_Navy" title="Imperial Russian Navy">Imperial Russian Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrangel%27s_fleet" title="Wrangel's fleet">Wrangel's fleet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Navy" title="Soviet Navy">Soviet Navy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russian Navy</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table> Since 2012 the headquarters of the Russian Navy (Russian Navy Main Staff) is once again located in The Admiralty in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a>. Russian naval manpower is a mixture of conscripts serving one-year terms and volunteers (Officers and Ratings). In 2006 the <a href="/wiki/IISS" class="mw-redirect" title="IISS">IISS</a> assessed there were 142,000 personnel in the Russian Navy. This personnel number includes the Naval Infantry (Marines) and the Coastal Missile and Artillery Troops. As of 2008 the conscription term was reduced to one year and a major downsizing and reorganization were underway. In 2008, plans were announced to move the headquarters to the <a href="/wiki/Admiralty_building,_Saint_Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Admiralty building, Saint Petersburg">Admiralty building in St. Petersburg</a>, the historic location of the headquarters of the Imperial Russian Navy. The Navy Staff finally relocated there in November 2012.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The Russian Navy is organised into four combat services - the Surface Forces, the Submarine Forces, the Naval Aviation and the Coastal Troops.<a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a> Additionally the navy also includes support units afloat and ashore. It does not include special forces. The <a href="/wiki/Russian_commando_frogmen" title="Russian commando frogmen">Naval Spetsnaz</a> brigades are part of the <a href="/wiki/GRU_(Russian_Federation)" title="GRU (Russian Federation)">Main Intelligence Directorate</a> attached to the respective fleets and the Counter-Diversionary Forces and Assets (ПДСС) (which are units, protecting the Navy from incursions of enemy special forces) fall within the Coastal Forces. During the Cold War the Soviet Armed Forces made the distinction between the various naval commands. The main fleets were the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Fleet" title="Northern Fleet">Northern</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Fleet_(Russia)" title="Pacific Fleet (Russia)">Pacific Fleet</a>. They were tasked with independent operations on the high seas and for that reason included strategic surface, submarine and air forces, including the country's naval nuclear deterrent. Due to the limited geography of the Baltic and the Black Seas the respective <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Fleet" title="Baltic Fleet">Baltic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleets</a> were given a more circumscribed role in support of adjacent ground formation (the Main Command of the Troops of the Western Direction in <a href="/wiki/Legnica" title="Legnica">Legnica</a> (<a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>) and the Main Command of the Troops of the South-Western Direction in <a href="/wiki/Chi%C8%99in%C4%83u" title="Chișinău">Chișinău</a>). These two fleets were armed with shorter-range weapon systems than the main fleets (diesel-electric submarines, <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-24" title="Sukhoi Su-24">Sukhoi Su-24</a> fighter-bombers and a larger quantity of <a href="/wiki/Frigate" title="Frigate">frigates</a> and <a href="/wiki/Corvette" title="Corvette">corvettes</a>). Due to the closed nature of the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a> (still connected to the Baltic and Black Seas through the <a href="/wiki/Volga_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Volga River">Volga River</a> and the system of rivers and canals and navigable for ships of corvette size) its <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Flotilla" title="Caspian Flotilla">Caspian Flotilla</a> had an even more limited role than the Fleets and played a defensive role supporting the Main Command of the Troops of the Southern Direction in <a href="/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a>. With the end of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> a significant reduction in forces followed. Before the <a href="/wiki/2008_Russian_military_reform" title="2008 Russian military reform">2008 Russian military reform</a>, the four fleets were ranked as equal in status to the six Military Districts. With the reform measures going into force the number of Military Districts was reduced and became new Joint Strategic Commands and the four fleets and one flotilla were subordinated to them with status equal to the Ground Forces and the Air Forces armies. Due to Russia's increased interests in the Arctic region and the importance of Russia's western/northwestern maritime defence the Northern Fleet, originally part of the Joint Strategic Command West (Western Military District), on 12 December 2014 became the basis for the newly formed fifth <a href="/wiki/Northern_Fleet_Joint_Strategic_Command_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Fleet Joint Strategic Command (Russia)">Northern Fleet Joint Strategic Command</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Submarine_and_surface_forces">Submarine and surface forces</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5.jpg/220px-%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5.jpg/330px-%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5.jpg/440px-%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Oscar-class_submarine" title="Oscar-class submarine">Oscar II class</a> cruise missile submarine Tomsk</figcaption></figure> The submarine and surface forces form the backbone of the Navy. The submarines form part of dedicated submarine squadrons and flotillas or part of squadrons and flotillas of mixed composition together with major surface combatants. The Russian Navy retains a rigid structure, whose levels of command could, according to military regulations, be directly equalled to the corresponding ground and air forces counterparts: <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <caption>Russian Navy organisation </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Part of </th> <th>Fleet unit </th> <th>Officer commanding </th> <th>Ground and air forces equivalent </th> <th>Officer commanding </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/General_Staff_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation">General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation</a> </td> <td>Commander-in-Chief of the Navy (Главнокомандующий Военно-морским флотом Российской Федерации) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">Admiral</a> </td> <td>Commander-in-Chief of the Land Forces (Главнокомандующий Сухопутными войсками Российской Федерации) Commander-in-Chief of the Aerospace Forces (Главнокомандующий Воздушно-космическими силами Российской Федерации) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colonel_general" title="Colonel general">Colonel general</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Chief of Staff and First Deputy Commander of the Navy (Начальник штаба — первый заместитель Главнокомандующего ВМФ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vice_admiral" title="Vice admiral">Vice admiral</a> </td> <td>Chief of the Main Staff and First Deputy Commander of the Land Forces (Начальник Главного штаба Сухопутных войск — первый заместитель главнокомандующего Сухопутными войсками) Chief of the Main Staff and First Deputy Commander of the Aerospace Forces (Начальник Главного штаба — первый заместитель Главнокомандующего Воздушно-космическими силами) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">Lieutenant general</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Deputy Commander of the Navy (Заместитель Главнокомандующего ВМФ) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vice_admiral" title="Vice admiral">Vice admiral</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">Lieutenant general</a> (Marines and Naval Aviation) </td> <td>Deputy Commander of the Land Forces (Заместитель Главнокомандующего СВ) Deputy Commander of the Aerospace Forces (Заместитель Главнокомандующего ВКС) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">Lieutenant general</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northern_Fleet_Joint_Strategic_Command_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Fleet Joint Strategic Command (Russia)">Northern Fleet Joint Strategic Command</a> </td> <td>Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Fleet" title="Northern Fleet">Northern Fleet</a> (Командующий Северным флотом) </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">Admiral</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <ul><li>Military District</li></ul> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Colonel_general" title="Colonel general">Colonel general</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Military_District" title="Eastern Military District">Eastern Military District</a> </td> <td>Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Fleet_(Russia)" title="Pacific Fleet (Russia)">Pacific Fleet</a> (Командующий Тихоокеанским флотом) </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Western_Military_District" title="Western Military District">Western Military District</a> </td> <td>Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Fleet" title="Baltic Fleet">Baltic Fleet</a> (Командующий Балтийским флотом) </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Vice_admiral" title="Vice admiral">Vice admiral</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"> <ul><li>Army</li> <li>Air Army</li></ul> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">Lieutenant general</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Military_District" title="Southern Military District">Southern Military District</a> </td> <td>Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleet</a> (Командующий Черноморским флотом) </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Flotilla" title="Caspian Flotilla">Caspian Flotilla</a> (Командующий Каспийской флотилией) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kontradmiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Kontradmiral">Kontradmiral</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Army Corps</li></ul> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Major_general" title="Major general">Major general</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fleet (Флот) </td> <td>Flotilla (Флотилия) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kontradmiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Kontradmiral">Kontradmiral</a> </td> <td>Used to correspond to a ground forces or air forces Army. <ul><li>Army Corps</li> <li>Air Force of a (specific) Fleet</li></ul> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Major_general" title="Major general">Major general</a> </td> <td>Could be separate Flotilla or one forming part of a Fleet. For example, the modern day <a href="/wiki/Primorsky_Krai" title="Primorsky Krai">Primorskaya</a> Mixed Forces Formation (formerly Mixed Forces Flotilla) of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Fleet_(Russia)" title="Pacific Fleet (Russia)">Pacific Fleet</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fleet (Флот) </td> <td>Operational Squadron (Оперативная эскадра) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kontradmiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Kontradmiral">Kontradmiral</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Army Corps</li> <li>Air Force of a (specific) Fleet</li></ul> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Major_general" title="Major general">Major general</a> </td> <td>Naval Task Force. For example, the <a href="/wiki/Permanent_task_force_of_the_Russian_Navy_in_the_Mediterranean_Sea" class="mw-redirect" title="Permanent task force of the Russian Navy in the Mediterranean Sea">Permanent task force of the Russian Navy in the Mediterranean Sea</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fleet (Флот) </td> <td>Squadron (ships) (Эскадра) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kontradmiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Kontradmiral">Kontradmiral</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Army Corps</li> <li>Air Force of a (specific) Fleet</li></ul> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Major_general" title="Major general">Major general</a> </td> <td>A permanent formation, combining several divisions and brigades. Equal to an Army Corps. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Squadron (ships) </td> <td>Division of major ships (Дивизия кораблей) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kontradmiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Kontradmiral">Kontradmiral</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Division_(military)" title="Division (military)">Division</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Major_general" title="Major general">Major general</a> </td> <td>For example, the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleet's</a> 30th Surface Ships Division or the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Fleet" title="Northern Fleet">Northern Fleet's</a> 7th Submarine Division. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fleet (Флот) </td> <td>Naval Base (Военно-морская база) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kontradmiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Kontradmiral">Kontradmiral</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Division_(military)" title="Division (military)">Division</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Major_general" title="Major general">Major general</a> </td> <td>A Naval Base is a command of divisional level, which is subordinated to a Fleet or Flotilla. It provides berthing, supply and repair to the Fleet's main forces, as well as defence against conventional and asymmetric threats. For that reason it includes a Brigade of ships of at least one missile corvette division and one minesweeper division. The base also deploys counter-diversion combat divers and possibly a coastal defence ground formation of marines and coastal artillery. The Naval Base could include a main base location and one or more secondary locations, in which case the secondary locations would deploy a mixed division of corvettes/ fast attack craft and minesweepers. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Squadron (ships) / Naval Base </td> <td>Brigade of ships (Бригада кораблей) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kontradmiral" class="mw-redirect" title="Kontradmiral">Kontradmiral</a> / <a href="/wiki/Captain_1st_rank" title="Captain 1st rank">Captain 1st rank</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">Brigade</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Major_general" title="Major general">Major general</a> / <a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>Submarine Boats Brigade (Бригада подводных лодок) includes diesel-electric submarines and is directly subordinated to a Fleet.</li> <li>Landing Ships Brigade (Бригада десантных кораблей) includes large landing ships and is directly subordinated to a Fleet.</li> <li>Waterborne Area Defence Ships Brigade (Бригада кораблей охраны водного района) normally includes an <a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine_warfare" title="Anti-submarine warfare">ASW</a> corvette division and a minesweepers division and is subordinated to a Naval Base.</li> <li>Brigade of Ships in Construction or Repair (Бригада строящихся и ремонтирующихся кораблей) subordinated to a Naval Base.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Division of major ships (Дивизия кораблей) </td> <td>Division of warships of 2nd rank (Дивизион кораблей 2-го ранга) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Captain_1st_Rank" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain 1st Rank">Captain 1st Rank</a> </td> <td>Regiment / Air Regiment </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a> </td> <td>Increasingly out of use as in modern days warships 2nd class form ships brigades and ships divisions. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Division of major ships (Дивизия кораблей) / Brigade of ships (Бригада кораблей) </td> <td>Division of warships of 3rd rank (Дивизион кораблей 3-го ранга) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kapitan_2nd_rank" class="mw-redirect" title="Kapitan 2nd rank">Captain 2nd rank</a> </td> <td>Separate Battalion / Air Squadron </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel" title="Lieutenant colonel">Lieutenant colonel</a> </td> <td>Division of corvettes. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Brigade of ships (Бригада кораблей) / Naval Base (Военно-морская база) </td> <td>Division of warships of 4th rank (Дивизион кораблей 4-го ранга) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_commander#Other_countries" title="Lieutenant commander">Captain 3rd rank</a> </td> <td>Separate Battalion / Air Squadron </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Major_(rank)" title="Major (rank)">Major</a> </td> <td>Division fast craft or minesweepers. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Brigade of ships (Бригада кораблей) / Naval Base (Военно-морская база) </td> <td>Division of warships of 4th rank (Дивизион кораблей 4-го ранга) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_commander#Other_countries" title="Lieutenant commander">Captain 3rd rank</a> / <a href="/wiki/Captain_lieutenant" title="Captain lieutenant">Captain lieutenant</a> </td> <td>Separate Company / Separate Battery / Air Flight </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Captain_(military_rank)" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain (military rank)">Captain</a> </td> <td>In case of a division of small support craft of a naval base, such as tug boats, fire boats, courier launches etc. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="6">Individual ships </td></tr> <tr> <td>Division of major ships (Дивизия кораблей) / Brigade of ships (Бригада кораблей) </td> <td>Warship 1st rank </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Captain_1st_Rank" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain 1st Rank">Captain 1st Rank</a> </td> <td>Regiment / Air Regiment <ul><li>The departments of the Ship's Company are called Combat Units (Боевая часть (БЧ) and correspond to battalions)</li></ul> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballistic_missile_submarine" title="Ballistic missile submarine">ballistic missile submarine</a> (submarine nuclear missile cruiser of strategic purpose (РПКСН))</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_submarine" title="Attack submarine">attack submarine</a> (nuclear submarine boat (АПЛ))</li> <li>aircraft carrier (heavy aviation-carrying cruiser (ТАВКР))</li> <li>nuclear battlecruiser (heavy nuclear missile cruiser (ТАРКР))</li> <li>missile cruiser (РК)</li> <li>large destroyer (guided missile destroyer 1st rank (Эсм. УРО 1-го ранга))</li> <li>large <a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine_warfare" title="Anti-submarine warfare">ASW</a> destroyer (БПК)</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Brigade of ships (Бригада кораблей) / Division of small ships (Дивизион кораблей) </td> <td>Warship 2nd rank </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kapitan_2nd_rank" class="mw-redirect" title="Kapitan 2nd rank">Captain 2nd rank</a> </td> <td>Separate Battalion / Air Squadron <ul><li>The departments of the Ship's Company are called Combat Units (Боевая часть (БЧ) and correspond to companies)</li></ul> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel" title="Lieutenant colonel">Lieutenant colonel</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>diesel-electric submarine (ДЭПЛ)</li> <li>small destroyer (guided missile destroyer 2nd rank (Эсм. УРО 2-го ранга))</li> <li>missile frigate (guard ship (СКР))</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine_warfare" title="Anti-submarine warfare">ASW</a> frigate (large <a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine_warfare" title="Anti-submarine warfare">ASW</a> ship 2nd rank (БПК 2-го ранга))</li> <li>offshore patrol vessel</li> <li>large landing ship (БДК)</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Division of ships 3rd rank (Дивизион кораблей 3-го ранга) </td> <td>Warship 3rd rank </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_commander#Other_countries" title="Lieutenant commander">Captain 3rd rank</a> </td> <td>Separate Battalion / Air Squadron <ul><li>The departments of the Ship's Company are called Combat Units (Боевая часть (БЧ) and correspond to platoons)</li></ul> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Major_(rank)" title="Major (rank)">Major</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>missile corvette (small missile ship (МРК))</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine_warfare" title="Anti-submarine warfare">ASW</a> corvette (small <a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine_warfare" title="Anti-submarine warfare">ASW</a> ship (МПК))</li> <li>coastal patrol vessel (small artillery ship (МАК))</li> <li>seagoing minesweeper (МТ)</li> <li>medium landing ship (СДК)</li> <li>small air cushion landing ship (МДКВП)</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Division of ships 4th rank (Дивизион кораблей 4-го ранга) </td> <td>Warship 4th rank </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Captain_lieutenant" title="Captain lieutenant">Captain lieutenant</a> / <a href="/wiki/Senior_lieutenant" title="Senior lieutenant">Senior lieutenant</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mladshij_lejtenant" class="mw-redirect" title="Mladshij lejtenant">Lieutenant</a> </td> <td>Platoon </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Captain_(military_rank)" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain (military rank)">Captain</a> / <a href="/wiki/Senior_lieutenant" title="Senior lieutenant">Senior lieutenant</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant" title="Lieutenant">Lieutenant</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>missile fast attack craft (missile cutter (РКА))</li> <li>gun fast attack craft (artillery cruiser (АКА))</li> <li>torpedo fast attack craft (torpedo cutter (ТКА))</li> <li>anti-submarine craft (guard cutter (СКА))</li> <li>coastal minesweeper (base minesweeper (БТ))</li> <li>minesweeping boat (<a href="/wiki/Roadstead" title="Roadstead">roadstead minesweeper</a> (РТ))</li> <li>landing craft (landing cutter (ДКА))</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coastal_troops">Coastal troops</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Coastal_Troops_of_the_Russian_Navy" title="Coastal Troops of the Russian Navy">Coastal Troops of the Russian Navy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Naval_Infantry_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval Infantry (Russia)">Naval Infantry (Russia)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RIAN_archive_711423_Vostok_2010_Strategic_Exercise_in_Vladivostok.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/RIAN_archive_711423_Vostok_2010_Strategic_Exercise_in_Vladivostok.jpg/220px-RIAN_archive_711423_Vostok_2010_Strategic_Exercise_in_Vladivostok.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/RIAN_archive_711423_Vostok_2010_Strategic_Exercise_in_Vladivostok.jpg/330px-RIAN_archive_711423_Vostok_2010_Strategic_Exercise_in_Vladivostok.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/RIAN_archive_711423_Vostok_2010_Strategic_Exercise_in_Vladivostok.jpg/440px-RIAN_archive_711423_Vostok_2010_Strategic_Exercise_in_Vladivostok.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="671" /></a><figcaption>Russian Naval Infantry during the Vostok Strategic Exercise in the <a href="/wiki/Vladivostok" title="Vladivostok">Vladivostok</a> area, 2010</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Russie_Brest_2012_(4).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Russie_Brest_2012_%284%29.JPG/220px-Russie_Brest_2012_%284%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Russie_Brest_2012_%284%29.JPG/330px-Russie_Brest_2012_%284%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Russie_Brest_2012_%284%29.JPG/440px-Russie_Brest_2012_%284%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Russian Naval Infantrymen</figcaption></figure> Coastal Troops include the Naval Infantry and the Coastal Missile and Artillery Troops. The Russian Naval Infantry are the <a href="/wiki/Amphibious_warfare" title="Amphibious warfare">amphibious</a> force of the Russian Navy and can trace their origins back to 1705, when <a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Great" title="Peter the Great">Peter the Great</a> issued a decree for an infantry <a href="/wiki/Regiment" title="Regiment">regiment</a> "of naval equipage". Since its formation it has seen action in the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Japanese_War" title="Russo-Japanese War">Russo-Japanese War</a>, the First and Second World Wars, and the Chechen and Georgian conflicts. Under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Gorshkov" title="Sergey Gorshkov">Admiral Gorshkov</a> during the Cold War, the Soviet Navy expanded the reach of the Naval Infantry and deployed it worldwide on numerous occasions, but since the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">dissolution of the Soviet Union</a> its role has been greatly reduced. The Soviet Naval Infantry and their Russian successors have a reputation as elite shock troops. For their black uniforms and ferocious performance in combat in the Black Sea and Baltic Sea regions during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> they received the nickname "The Black Death" (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: der schwarze Tod). The Russian Naval Infantry is a mechanised force, organised in brigades, independent regiments and independent battalions. The 55th Naval Infantry Division of the Pacific Fleet has been disbanded in 2009 and replaced by two separate brigades. Each brigade has a tank battalion, a self-propelled artillery battalion, a self-propelled air defence battalion, mechanised marine infantry battalions, other support units and one Airborne Assault Naval Infantry Battalion (десантно-штурмовой батальон морской пехоты), parachute and <a href="/wiki/Air_assault" title="Air assault">air assault</a> qualified, with the mission to spearhead amphibious landings. The coastal defence troops of the Russian Navy are conventional mechanised brigades with the main task to prevent enemy amphibious landings. An example of coastal defence troops are those of the Baltic Fleet. With Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania declaring independence at the end of the Soviet Union the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Military_District" title="Baltic Military District">Baltic Military District</a> practically disintegrated. The massive ground forces formations left landlocked in the <a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad_Oblast" title="Kaliningrad Oblast">Kaliningrad Oblast</a> were transferred from the ground forces to naval command and control. The integration of naval infantry and coastal defence troops is a relatively new tendency from the 2010s in order to simplify the naval command structure and the new Arctic infantry brigades in formation under the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Fleet_Joint_Strategic_Command_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Fleet Joint Strategic Command (Russia)">Northern Fleet Joint Strategic Command</a> fall within that process. The coastal artillery troops also play a very important role for the Navy. The geography of the <a href="/wiki/Barents_Sea" title="Barents Sea">Barents Sea</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Okhotsk" title="Sea of Okhotsk">Sea of Okhotsk</a> as well as the <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a> makes the deployment of shore-based, anti-ship systems in an area-denying role very effective. They deploy <a href="/wiki/K-300P_Bastion-P" title="K-300P Bastion-P">K-300P Bastion-P</a> supersonic <a href="/wiki/Anti-ship_cruise_missile" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-ship cruise missile">ASCM</a>, <a href="/wiki/3M-54_Kalibr" class="mw-redirect" title="3M-54 Kalibr">3M-54 Kalibr</a> cruise subsonic ASCM and <a href="/wiki/A-222E_Bereg-E_130mm_coastal_mobile_artillery_system" class="mw-redirect" title="A-222E Bereg-E 130mm coastal mobile artillery system">A-222E Bereg-E 130mm coastal mobile artillery system</a> as well as self-propelled <a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">surface-to-air missile</a> systems. The Naval Infantry and Coastal Troops are led by the Deputy Commander for Naval Infantry/Commandant of the Naval Infantry of the Russian Navy, <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">Lieutenant General</a> (NI) Aleksandr Kolpatsenko. Their motto is: "Where We Are, There is Victory!" <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Naval_aviation">Naval aviation</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Russian_Naval_Aviation" title="Russian Naval Aviation">Russian Naval Aviation</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Su27K_(Su33)_DD-SD-99-06153.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Su27K_%28Su33%29_DD-SD-99-06153.jpg/220px-Su27K_%28Su33%29_DD-SD-99-06153.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Su27K_%28Su33%29_DD-SD-99-06153.jpg/330px-Su27K_%28Su33%29_DD-SD-99-06153.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Su27K_%28Su33%29_DD-SD-99-06153.jpg/440px-Su27K_%28Su33%29_DD-SD-99-06153.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1451" data-file-height="1015" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-33" title="Sukhoi Su-33">Sukhoi Su-33</a> from the 279th Shipborne Fighter Aviation Regiment on <a href="/wiki/Russian_aircraft_carrier_Admiral_Kuznetsov" title="Russian aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov">Admiral Kuznetsov</a>'s flight deck</figcaption></figure> The first naval aviation units in Russia were formed from 1912 through 1914 as a part of the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Fleet" title="Baltic Fleet">Baltic Fleet</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleet</a>. Since its formation, it has participated in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> and in many other conflicts throughout Europe, the Middle East and Asia (statement requires source citation). During the Cold War the naval aviation pursued a policy of deploying large numbers of bombers in maritime strike roles to counter the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">U.S. Navy</a>'s extensive fleet of aircraft carriers, by 1989 it operated over 1,000 fixed-wing aircraft with the majority being bombers such as the <a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-22M" title="Tupolev Tu-22M">Tu-22M "Backfire"</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-16" title="Tupolev Tu-16">Tu-16 "Badger"</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Since the fall of the Soviet Union however, it has been significantly reduced in size. The Tu-22Ms have been transferred to the Aerospace Forces and since then the combat arm of the Naval Aviation is built around <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-33" title="Sukhoi Su-33">Sukhoi Su-33s</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mikoyan_MiG-29K" title="Mikoyan MiG-29K">Mikoyan MiG-29Ks</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-30" title="Sukhoi Su-30">Sukhoi Su-30s</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-34" title="Sukhoi Su-34">Sukhoi Su-34s</a> replacing the obsolete <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-24" title="Sukhoi Su-24">Sukhoi Su-24s</a>. As of 2007, the Russian Naval Aviation consists of the following components:<a href="#cite_note-AFM65-39">[38]</a> <ul><li>Naval missile-carrying aviation</li> <li>Shore-based <a href="/wiki/Anti-submarine_warfare" title="Anti-submarine warfare">ASW</a> aviation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_aircraft" title="Attack aircraft">Attack</a> (Shturmovik) aviation</li> <li>Shore-based <a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">fighter</a> aviation</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">Reconnaissance</a> aviation</li> <li>Shipborne aviation (fighters and ASW aircraft)</li> <li>Auxiliary air units</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ranks,_rates_and_insignia">Ranks, rates and insignia</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Naval_ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation">Naval ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Officers">Officers</h3></div> The following table of navy ranks illustrates those of the Russian Federation. The rank in <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a> is given first, followed by the <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> transliteration.<a href="#cite_note-Decree_531-40">[39]</a> <table style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin:0 12px 12px 0;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#CCCCCC; width: 100%"> <th>Rank group </th> <th colspan="10">General / flag officers </th> <th colspan="6">Senior officers </th> <th colspan="8">Junior officers </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg/23px-Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg/35px-Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, 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width="50" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Russia-Navy-OF-1b-Sleeve.svg/75px-Russia-Navy-OF-1b-Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Russia-Navy-OF-1b-Sleeve.svg/100px-Russia-Navy-OF-1b-Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="569" /></a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/File:Russia-Navy-OF-1a-2010.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Russia-Navy-OF-1a-2010.svg/50px-Russia-Navy-OF-1a-2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Russia-Navy-OF-1a-2010.svg/75px-Russia-Navy-OF-1a-2010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Russia-Navy-OF-1a-2010.svg/100px-Russia-Navy-OF-1a-2010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="356" /></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Russia-Navy-OF-1a-Sleeve.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Russia-Navy-OF-1a-Sleeve.svg/50px-Russia-Navy-OF-1a-Sleeve.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Russia-Navy-OF-1a-Sleeve.svg/75px-Russia-Navy-OF-1a-Sleeve.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Russia-Navy-OF-1a-Sleeve.svg/100px-Russia-Navy-OF-1a-Sleeve.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="569" /></a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2">Адмирал флота <a href="/wiki/Admiral_of_the_fleet_(Russia)" title="Admiral of the fleet (Russia)">Admiral flota</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Адмирал <a href="/wiki/Admiral_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Admiral (Russia)">Admiral</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Вице-адмирал <a href="/wiki/Vice_admiral" title="Vice admiral">Vitse-admiral</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Контр-адмирал <a href="/wiki/Counter_admiral#Former_USSR_and_Russia" title="Counter admiral">Contre-admiral</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Капитан 1-го ранга <a href="/wiki/Captain_1st_rank" title="Captain 1st rank">Kapitan 1-go ranga</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Капитан 2-го ранга <a href="/wiki/Captain_2nd_rank" title="Captain 2nd rank">Kapitan 2-go ranga</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Капитан 3-го ранга <a href="/wiki/Captain_3rd_rank" title="Captain 3rd rank">Kapitan 3-go ranga</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Капитан-лейтенант <a href="/wiki/Captain_lieutenant" title="Captain lieutenant">Kapitan-leytenant</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Старший лейтенант <a href="/wiki/Senior_lieutenant" title="Senior lieutenant">Starshey leytenant</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Лейтенант <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant" title="Lieutenant">Leytenant</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Младший лейтенант <a href="/wiki/Junior_lieutenant" title="Junior lieutenant">Mladshiy leytenant</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Warrant_officers_and_ratings">Warrant officers and ratings</h3></div> Warrant officers<a href="#cite_note-43">[Note 1]</a> and rates of the Russian Navy<a href="#cite_note-Decree_531-40">[39]</a> <table style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin:0 12px 12px 0;"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#CCCCCC; text-align:center; width: 100%"> <th>Rank group </th> <th colspan="22">Senior NCOs </th> <th colspan="6">Junior NCOs </th> <th colspan="8">Enlisted </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td rowspan="2"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg/23px-Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg/35px-Naval_ensign_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/RAF_N_W1-Michm_2010%E2%80%93.svg/50px-RAF_N_W1-Michm_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/RAF_N_W1-Michm_2010%E2%80%93.svg/75px-RAF_N_W1-Michm_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/RAF_N_W1-Michm_2010%E2%80%93.svg/100px-RAF_N_W1-Michm_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="356" /></a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/File:RAF_N_R8-GlKorStarsh_2010%E2%80%93.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/RAF_N_R8-GlKorStarsh_2010%E2%80%93.svg/50px-RAF_N_R8-GlKorStarsh_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/RAF_N_R8-GlKorStarsh_2010%E2%80%93.svg/75px-RAF_N_R8-GlKorStarsh_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/RAF_N_R8-GlKorStarsh_2010%E2%80%93.svg/100px-RAF_N_R8-GlKorStarsh_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="357" /></a> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/File:RAF_N_R7-GlStarsh_2010%E2%80%93.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/RAF_N_R7-GlStarsh_2010%E2%80%93.svg/50px-RAF_N_R7-GlStarsh_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/RAF_N_R7-GlStarsh_2010%E2%80%93.svg/75px-RAF_N_R7-GlStarsh_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/RAF_N_R7-GlStarsh_2010%E2%80%93.svg/100px-RAF_N_R7-GlStarsh_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="357" /></a> </td> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/File:RAF_N_R6-Starsh1st_2010%E2%80%93.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/RAF_N_R6-Starsh1st_2010%E2%80%93.svg/50px-RAF_N_R6-Starsh1st_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/RAF_N_R6-Starsh1st_2010%E2%80%93.svg/75px-RAF_N_R6-Starsh1st_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/RAF_N_R6-Starsh1st_2010%E2%80%93.svg/100px-RAF_N_R6-Starsh1st_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="357" /></a> </td> <td colspan="6"><a href="/wiki/File:RAF_N_R4-Starsh2st_2010%E2%80%93.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/RAF_N_R4-Starsh2st_2010%E2%80%93.svg/50px-RAF_N_R4-Starsh2st_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/RAF_N_R4-Starsh2st_2010%E2%80%93.svg/75px-RAF_N_R4-Starsh2st_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/RAF_N_R4-Starsh2st_2010%E2%80%93.svg/100px-RAF_N_R4-Starsh2st_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="357" /></a> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/File:RAF_N_R2-StMatros_2010%E2%80%93.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/RAF_N_R2-StMatros_2010%E2%80%93.svg/50px-RAF_N_R2-StMatros_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/RAF_N_R2-StMatros_2010%E2%80%93.svg/75px-RAF_N_R2-StMatros_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/RAF_N_R2-StMatros_2010%E2%80%93.svg/100px-RAF_N_R2-StMatros_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="357" /></a> </td> <td colspan="10"><a href="/wiki/File:RAF_N_R1-Matros_2010%E2%80%93.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/RAF_N_R1-Matros_2010%E2%80%93.svg/50px-RAF_N_R1-Matros_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/RAF_N_R1-Matros_2010%E2%80%93.svg/75px-RAF_N_R1-Matros_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/RAF_N_R1-Matros_2010%E2%80%93.svg/100px-RAF_N_R1-Matros_2010%E2%80%93.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="357" /></a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="3">Старший мичман <a href="/wiki/Starshy_michman" title="Starshy michman">Starshy michman</a> </td> <td colspan="3">Мичман <a href="/wiki/Michman" title="Michman">Michman</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Главный корабельный старшина <a href="/wiki/Glavny_starshina_of_the_ship" title="Glavny starshina of the ship">Glavny korabelny starshina</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Главный старшина <a href="/wiki/Glavny_starshina" title="Glavny starshina">Glavny starshina</a> </td> <td colspan="6">Старшина 1 статьи <a href="/wiki/Starshina_1st_class" title="Starshina 1st class">Starshina 1 statji</a> </td> <td colspan="6">Старшина 2 статьи <a href="/wiki/Starshina_2nd_class" title="Starshina 2nd class">Starshina 2 statji</a> </td> <td colspan="4">Старший матрос <a href="/wiki/Leading_seaman" title="Leading seaman">Starshy matros</a> </td> <td colspan="10">Матрос <a href="/wiki/Seaman_(rank)" title="Seaman (rank)">Matros</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Equipment">Equipment</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ships_and_submarines">Ships and submarines</h3></div> See <a href="/wiki/List_of_active_Russian_Navy_ships" title="List of active Russian Navy ships">List of active Russian Navy ships</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aircraft">Aircraft</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a more comprehensive list, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_active_Russian_military_aircraft#Russian_Naval_Aviation" title="List of active Russian military aircraft">List of active Russian military aircraft § Russian Naval Aviation</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radars">Radars</h3></div> The Russian Navy uses Podsolnukh over-the-horizon surface wave radar for detection of ships. As of 2019, four radars have been delivered to the coasts of Caspian Sea, Okhotsk Sea, Sea of Japan<a href="#cite_note-44">[42]</a> and Baltic Sea.<a href="#cite_note-45">[43]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_districts_and_fleets">Military districts and fleets</h2></div> The Russian Navy consists of four fleets and one flotilla with all of them subordinated to the newly formed Military Districts-Joint Operational Strategic Commands. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Northern_Military_District_–_Northern_Joint_Strategic_Command">Northern Military District – Northern Joint Strategic Command</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Northern_Fleet">Northern Fleet</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Northern_Fleet" title="Northern Fleet">Northern Fleet</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Northern_Fleet_bases.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Map_of_Northern_Fleet_bases.png/220px-Map_of_Northern_Fleet_bases.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Map_of_Northern_Fleet_bases.png/330px-Map_of_Northern_Fleet_bases.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Map_of_Northern_Fleet_bases.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="348" /></a><figcaption>Major bases and headquarters of the Northern Fleet</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Joint_exercises_of_Northern_and_Black_Sea_fleets_(2020-01-09)_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Joint_exercises_of_Northern_and_Black_Sea_fleets_%282020-01-09%29_02.jpg/220px-Joint_exercises_of_Northern_and_Black_Sea_fleets_%282020-01-09%29_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Joint_exercises_of_Northern_and_Black_Sea_fleets_%282020-01-09%29_02.jpg/330px-Joint_exercises_of_Northern_and_Black_Sea_fleets_%282020-01-09%29_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Joint_exercises_of_Northern_and_Black_Sea_fleets_%282020-01-09%29_02.jpg/440px-Joint_exercises_of_Northern_and_Black_Sea_fleets_%282020-01-09%29_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="1160" /></a><figcaption>Russian Navy sailors onboard the cruiser <a href="/wiki/Russian_cruiser_Marshal_Ustinov" title="Russian cruiser Marshal Ustinov">Marshal Ustinov</a> in a joint exercise of the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Fleet" title="Northern Fleet">Northern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea fleets</a></figcaption></figure> The Russian Northern Fleet, dating to 1733 but established as a modern formation in 1933, is headquartered at <a href="/wiki/Severomorsk" title="Severomorsk">Severomorsk</a> and spread around various bases in the greater <a href="/wiki/Murmansk" title="Murmansk">Murmansk</a> area. It is the main fleet of the Russian Navy and currently comprises<a href="#cite_note-warfare.ru-46">[44]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_aircraft_carrier_Admiral_Kuznetsov" title="Russian aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov">Admiral Flota Sovetskogo Soyuza Kuznetsov</a> aircraft carrier (1 in refit)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirov-class_battlecruiser" title="Kirov-class battlecruiser">Kirov-class battlecruiser</a> (2, including one in long-term refit/upgrade)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slava-class_cruiser" title="Slava-class cruiser">Slava-class cruiser</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udaloy-class_destroyer" title="Udaloy-class destroyer">Udaloy II-class destroyer</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udaloy-class_destroyer" title="Udaloy-class destroyer">Udaloy-class destroyer</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovremenny-class_destroyer" title="Sovremenny-class destroyer">Sovremennyy-class destroyer</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiral_Gorshkov-class_frigate" class="mw-redirect" title="Admiral Gorshkov-class frigate">Admiral Gorshkov-class frigate</a> (2, plus one on sea trials in the Baltic)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grisha-class_corvette" title="Grisha-class corvette">Grisha-class corvette</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanuchka-class_corvette" title="Nanuchka-class corvette">Nanuchka-class corvette</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borei-class_submarine" title="Borei-class submarine">Dolgorukiy-class submarine</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta-class_submarine" title="Delta-class submarine">Delta IV-class submarine</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar-class_submarine" title="Oscar-class submarine">Oscar-class submarine</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasen-class_submarine" title="Yasen-class submarine">Yasen-class submarine</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akula-class_submarine" title="Akula-class submarine">Akula-class submarine</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra-class_submarine" title="Sierra-class submarine">Sierra-class submarine</a> (2, plus 2 inactive/reserve)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor-class_submarine" title="Victor-class submarine">Victor III-class submarine</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lada-class_submarine" title="Lada-class submarine">Lada-class submarine</a> (1 on sea trials in the Baltic as of April 2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilo-class_submarine" title="Kilo-class submarine">Kilo-class submarine</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_submarine_BS-64" title="Russian submarine BS-64">Delta IV-class special operations submarine BS-64 Podmoskovye</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_submarine_Belgorod_(K-329)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian submarine Belgorod (K-329)">K-239 Belgorod special operations submarine</a> (1, in an "experimental role" with the Northern Fleet as of July 2022;<a href="#cite_note-47">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[46]</a> projected to transfer to the Pacific Fleet in due course)<a href="#cite_note-49">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[48]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_submarine_Sarov_(B-90)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian submarine Sarov (B-90)">B-90 Sarov special operations submarine</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_submarine_Losharik" title="Russian submarine Losharik">Losharik (AS-12/or 28/or 31) special operations submarine</a> (1 in refit/repair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta-class_submarine" title="Delta-class submarine">Delta III-class special operations submarine Orenburg (BS-136)</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paltus-class_submarine" title="Paltus-class submarine">Paltus-class special operations mini-submarine</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashalot-class_submarine" title="Kashalot-class submarine">Kashalot-class special operations submarine</a> (2)</li></ul> The Northern Fleet also includes patrol ships, mine countermeasures vessels, light amphibious ships and support and logistic ships. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Western_Military_District_–_Western_Joint_Strategic_Command">Western Military District – Western Joint Strategic Command</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Baltic_Fleet">Baltic Fleet</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kaliningrad_05-2017_img50_Oberpostdirektion_building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Kaliningrad_05-2017_img50_Oberpostdirektion_building.jpg/220px-Kaliningrad_05-2017_img50_Oberpostdirektion_building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Kaliningrad_05-2017_img50_Oberpostdirektion_building.jpg/330px-Kaliningrad_05-2017_img50_Oberpostdirektion_building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Kaliningrad_05-2017_img50_Oberpostdirektion_building.jpg/440px-Kaliningrad_05-2017_img50_Oberpostdirektion_building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4966" data-file-height="2483" /></a><figcaption>Headquarters of the Baltic Fleet in Kaliningrad</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Fleet" title="Baltic Fleet">Baltic Fleet</a></div> The Baltic Fleet, established on 18 May 1703, is based in <a href="/wiki/Baltiysk" title="Baltiysk">Baltiysk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kronshtadt" class="mw-redirect" title="Kronshtadt">Kronshtadt</a>, with its headquarters in the city of <a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad">Kaliningrad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad_Oblast" title="Kaliningrad Oblast">Kaliningrad Oblast</a>. The Fleet consists of the following units:<a href="#cite_note-warfare.ru-46">[44]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sovremenny-class_destroyer" title="Sovremenny-class destroyer">Sovremenny-class destroyer</a> (1 in prolonged refit)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neustrashimy-class_frigate" title="Neustrashimy-class frigate">Neustrashimy-class frigate</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steregushchiy-class_corvette" title="Steregushchiy-class corvette">Steregushchiy-class multi-role corvette</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buyan-class_corvette" title="Buyan-class corvette">Buyan-M-class corvette</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakurt-class_corvette" title="Karakurt-class corvette">Karakurt-class corvette</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarantul-class_corvette" title="Tarantul-class corvette">Tarantul-class corvette</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanuchka-class_corvette" title="Nanuchka-class corvette">Nanuchka-class corvette</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parchim-class_corvette" title="Parchim-class corvette">Parchim-class corvette</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilo-class_submarine" title="Kilo-class submarine">Kilo-class submarine</a> (1 assigned unit as of 2020)</li></ul> The Baltic Fleet also includes patrol vessels, minehunters, amphibious ships and support vessels. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Southern_Military_District_–_Southern_Joint_Strategic_Command">Southern Military District – Southern Joint Strategic Command</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Black_Sea_Fleet">Black Sea Fleet</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleet</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Soviet_and_Russian_Black_Sea_Fleet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Soviet_and_Russian_Black_Sea_Fleet.jpg/400px-Soviet_and_Russian_Black_Sea_Fleet.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Soviet_and_Russian_Black_Sea_Fleet.jpg/600px-Soviet_and_Russian_Black_Sea_Fleet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Soviet_and_Russian_Black_Sea_Fleet.jpg/800px-Soviet_and_Russian_Black_Sea_Fleet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2271" data-file-height="546" /></a><figcaption>Some major ships of the Black Sea Fleet, including the <a href="/wiki/Russian_cruiser_Moskva" title="Russian cruiser Moskva">Moskva</a> (far left) and the Saratov (second right), in <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a>, August 2007</figcaption></figure> The Black Sea Fleet, established on 2 May 1783, is based at the Sevastopol, Karantinnaya, and Streletskaya Bays in <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a> which is also the location of its headquarters, and at <a href="/wiki/Novorossiysk" title="Novorossiysk">Novorossiysk</a> in Krasnodar Kray. The fleet also has various other facilities on the <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimean Peninsula</a> and facilities in Krasnodar Kray. The Black Sea Fleet's flagship, the cruiser <a href="/wiki/Russian_cruiser_Moskva" title="Russian cruiser Moskva">Moskva</a>, was <a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_the_Moskva" title="Sinking of the Moskva">sunk</a> on 14 April 2022 during the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-51">[49]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Tapir-class_landing_ship" title="Tapir-class landing ship">Tapir-class</a> landing ship Saratov was also scuttled on 24 March 2022 after it was damaged in an attack.<a href="#cite_note-52">[50]</a> The Fleet consists of the following units:<a href="#cite_note-warfare.ru-46">[44]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Admiral_Grigorovich-class_frigate" class="mw-redirect" title="Admiral Grigorovich-class frigate">Admiral Grigorovich-class frigate</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krivak-class_frigate" title="Krivak-class frigate">Burevestnik (Krivak)-class frigate</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steregushchiy-class_corvette" title="Steregushchiy-class corvette">Steregushchiy-class multi-role corvette</a> (1 deployed in the Baltic as of 2023)<a href="#cite_note-53">[51]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buyan-class_corvette" title="Buyan-class corvette">Buyan-M-class corvette</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakurt-class_corvette" title="Karakurt-class corvette">Karakurt-class corvette</a> (1, plus one on sea trials)<a href="#cite_note-54">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[53]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_22160_patrol_ship" title="Project 22160 patrol ship">Bykov-class corvette/offshore patrol ship</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarantul-class_corvette" title="Tarantul-class corvette">Tarantul-class corvette</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bora-class_corvette" title="Bora-class corvette">Bora-class corvette</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grisha-class_corvette" title="Grisha-class corvette">Grisha-class corvette</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilo-class_submarine" title="Kilo-class submarine">Kilo-class submarine</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilo-class_submarine#Project_636.3_units" title="Kilo-class submarine">Improved Kilo-class submarine</a> (6 - one vessel reported heavily damaged by Ukrainian attack while in drydock)<a href="#cite_note-56">[54]</a></li></ul> The Black Sea Fleet also includes patrol and coastal protection vessels, amphibious ships, and support vessels. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Operational_Command_South_-_Tartus">Operational Command South - Tartus</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Russian_naval_facility_in_Tartus" title="Russian naval facility in Tartus">Russian naval facility in Tartus</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Permanent_task_force_of_the_Russian_Navy_in_the_Mediterranean_Sea" class="mw-redirect" title="Permanent task force of the Russian Navy in the Mediterranean Sea">Permanent task force of the Russian Navy in the Mediterranean Sea</a></div> The Russian Navy maintains a base under the command of the Southern Military District in <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> at <a href="/wiki/Tartus" title="Tartus">Tartus</a>. The Mediterranean squadron was disestablished soon after the collapse of the Soviet Union, but a small naval logistics support facility remained there. In January 2017 Russia and Syria signed an agreement, to be valid for 49 years, to expand the Tartus facility with a view to improving the support at Tartus.<a href="#cite_note-rabs-57">[55]</a> On 4 February 2022, naval detachments from the Northern Fleet and Baltic Fleet arrived at Tartus. Large amphibious assault ships Pyotr Morgunov, Georgy Pobedonosets, <a href="/wiki/Olenegorsky_Gornyak" class="mw-redirect" title="Olenegorsky Gornyak">Olenegorsky Gornyak</a>, Korolyov, Minsk and Kaliningrad were under the direction of Russian Navy Commander-in-Chief Admiral <a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Yevmenov" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikolay Yevmenov">Nikolay Yevmenov</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tass22-58">[56]</a> In April 2022 there were around 20 Russian naval ships in the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tarf24-59">[57]</a> On 11 May it was reported that the flotilla had remained without change since early February. There were 13 ships and 5 support vessels of the four Russian fleets, including 9 attack missile ships. The formation of a "Mediterranean Squadron" of the Russian Navy in February 2022, using the Northern, Baltic, and Pacific Fleets' ships allowed the Russian Black Sea Fleet to return a large number of ships to the Black Sea some time prior to Russia’s attack on Ukraine. On 27 February three days after the commencement of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> Turkey (who acts as guarantor of the <a href="/wiki/Montreux_Convention" class="mw-redirect" title="Montreux Convention">Montreux Convention</a>) decided to ban the passage through the straits of any warships whose homeport is not in the Black Sea.<a href="#cite_note-bsn11.5-60">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Caspian_Flotilla">Caspian Flotilla</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Caspian_Flotilla" title="Caspian Flotilla">Caspian Flotilla</a></div> The Caspian Flotilla, established on 4 November 1722, is based in <a href="/wiki/Astrakhan" title="Astrakhan">Astrakhan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mahachkala" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahachkala">Makhachkala</a> with its headquarters in Astrakhan. The Fleet consists of:<a href="#cite_note-warfare.ru-46">[44]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gepard-class_frigate" title="Gepard-class frigate">Tatarstan/Gepard-class frigate</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buyan-class_corvette" title="Buyan-class corvette">Buyan-class corvette</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buyan-class_corvette" title="Buyan-class corvette">Buyan-M-class corvette</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarantul-class_corvette" title="Tarantul-class corvette">Tarantul-class corvette</a> (1)</li></ul> The Caspian Flotilla also includes 4 small artillery ships, patrol and mine warfare ships as well as landing craft. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eastern_Military_District_–_Eastern_Joint_Strategic_Command">Eastern Military District – Eastern Joint Strategic Command</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pacific_Fleet">Pacific Fleet</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Fleet_(Russia)" title="Pacific Fleet (Russia)">Pacific Fleet (Russia)</a></div> The Pacific Fleet, established on 10 May 1731, is headquartered in Vladivostok and based around <a href="/wiki/Vladivostok" title="Vladivostok">Vladivostok</a> and <a href="/wiki/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy" class="mw-redirect" title="Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy">Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy</a>. The Fleet consists of the following units:<a href="#cite_note-warfare.ru-46">[44]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slava-class_cruiser" title="Slava-class cruiser">Slava-class cruiser</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovremenny-class_destroyer" title="Sovremenny-class destroyer">Sovremennyy-class destroyer</a> (1 inactive since 2005; still reported in refit as of 2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udaloy-class_destroyer" title="Udaloy-class destroyer">Udaloy-class destroyer</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steregushchiy-class_corvette" title="Steregushchiy-class corvette">Steregushchiy-class multi-role corvette</a> (3, plus 1 in sea trials)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gremyashchiy-class_corvette" title="Gremyashchiy-class corvette">Gremyashchiy-class multi-role corvette</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarantul-class_corvette" title="Tarantul-class corvette">Tarantul-class corvette</a> (10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grisha-class_corvette" title="Grisha-class corvette">Grisha-class corvette</a> (8)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanuchka-class_corvette" title="Nanuchka-class corvette">Nanuchka-class corvette</a> (1-3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borei-class_submarine" title="Borei-class submarine">Dolgorukiy-class submarine</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_III-class_submarine" title="Delta III-class submarine">Delta III-class submarine</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasen-class_submarine" title="Yasen-class submarine">Yasen-class submarine</a> (1, plus 1 destined for the Pacific on sea trials in Northern Fleet operational area as of June 2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar-class_submarine" title="Oscar-class submarine">Oscar-class submarine</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akula-class_submarine" title="Akula-class submarine">Akula-class submarine</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilo-class_submarine" title="Kilo-class submarine">Kilo-class submarine</a> (6-7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilo-class_submarine#Project_636.3_units" title="Kilo-class submarine">Improved Kilo-class submarine</a> (4 plus one on sea trials;<a href="#cite_note-61">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[62]</a> the fourth boat was deployed in the Baltic as of November 2022; fifth boat on sea trials - also in the Baltic - as of September 2023)<a href="#cite_note-65">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[65]</a></li></ul> The Pacific Fleet also includes patrol ships, mine warfare ships, amphibious ships, and support vessels. There are also naval aviation and coastal troops and naval infantry components. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Future_and_modernization">Future and modernization</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (January 2023)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Future_of_the_Russian_Navy" title="Future of the Russian Navy">Future of the Russian Navy</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:International_Maritime_Defence_Show_2011_(375-27).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/International_Maritime_Defence_Show_2011_%28375-27%29.jpg/220px-International_Maritime_Defence_Show_2011_%28375-27%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/International_Maritime_Defence_Show_2011_%28375-27%29.jpg/330px-International_Maritime_Defence_Show_2011_%28375-27%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/International_Maritime_Defence_Show_2011_%28375-27%29.jpg/440px-International_Maritime_Defence_Show_2011_%28375-27%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="509" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lada-class_submarine" title="Lada-class submarine">Lada-class</a> diesel-electric submarine <a href="/wiki/Russian_submarine_Sankt_Peterburg_(B-585)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian submarine Sankt Peterburg (B-585)">Sankt Petersburg</a></figcaption></figure> Russia's military budget expanded from 1998 until 2015, but economic problems including a sharp decline in oil prices led to budget cuts in 2016.<a href="#cite_note-68">[66]</a> Higher expenditure led to an increase in numbers of ships under construction, initially focusing on submarines, such as the conventional <a href="/wiki/Lada-class_submarine" title="Lada-class submarine">Petersburg (Lada)-class</a> and nuclear <a href="/wiki/Yasen-class_submarine" title="Yasen-class submarine">Severodvinsk (Yasen)-class</a>. Some older vessels have been refitted as well. <a href="/wiki/Jane%27s_Fighting_Ships" class="mw-redirect" title="Jane's Fighting Ships">Jane's Fighting Ships</a> commented in 2004 that the construction programme was too focused on Cold War scenarios, given the submarine emphasis.<a href="#cite_note-69">[67]</a> According to the Russian Defence Ministry, share of modern armament in the Navy has reached more than 50% in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-70">[68]</a> A report from December 2019 estimated the figure at 68%.<a href="#cite_note-71">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[72]</a> However, in September 2020 it was reported that the defence budget was to be cut by 5% as part of a shift to social spending and in response the financial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.<a href="#cite_note-overtdefense.com-75">[73]</a> The resulting impact of such a cut on Russian Navy modernization plans was not immediately apparent. Likely more significant is the impact of sanctions imposed on the Russian Federation after 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. In 2021, Russian Security Council Secretary <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Patrushev" title="Nikolai Patrushev">Nikolai Patrushev</a> reportedly acknowledged that the Russian defence industry “is still dependent on foreign technologies.” The impact of <a href="/wiki/International_sanctions_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">international sanctions</a> on naval procurement projects, given both reduced access to foreign technologies and significant pressure on the defence budget, had yet to be determined.<a href="#cite_note-76">[74]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Admiral_Gorshkov_frigate_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Admiral_Gorshkov_frigate_02.jpg/220px-Admiral_Gorshkov_frigate_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Admiral_Gorshkov_frigate_02.jpg/330px-Admiral_Gorshkov_frigate_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Admiral_Gorshkov_frigate_02.jpg/440px-Admiral_Gorshkov_frigate_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Admiral_Gorshkov-class_frigate" class="mw-redirect" title="Admiral Gorshkov-class frigate">Admiral Gorshkov-class</a> guided missile frigate <a href="/wiki/Russian_frigate_Admiral_Gorshkov" title="Russian frigate Admiral Gorshkov">Admiral Gorshkov</a>, commissioned in 2018</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Schiff_%C2%ABBurya%C2%BB_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Schiff_%C2%ABBurya%C2%BB_03.jpg/220px-Schiff_%C2%ABBurya%C2%BB_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Schiff_%C2%ABBurya%C2%BB_03.jpg/330px-Schiff_%C2%ABBurya%C2%BB_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Schiff_%C2%ABBurya%C2%BB_03.jpg/440px-Schiff_%C2%ABBurya%C2%BB_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Karakurt-class_corvette" title="Karakurt-class corvette">Karakurt-class</a> guided-missile corvette, capable of launching <a href="/wiki/Kalibr_(missile_family)" title="Kalibr (missile family)">Kalibr</a> or <a href="/wiki/P-800_Oniks" title="P-800 Oniks">Oniks</a> supersonic cruise missiles</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Steregushchiy-class_corvette" title="Steregushchiy-class corvette">Steregushchiy-class corvettes</a>, the lead ship of which was laid down on 21 December 2001, is the first new surface construction since the collapse of the Soviet Union,<a href="#cite_note-77">[75]</a> while the new <a href="/wiki/Admiral_Sergei_Gorshkov_class_frigate" class="mw-redirect" title="Admiral Sergei Gorshkov class frigate">Admiral Sergei Gorshkov class frigates</a> marks the first attempt of the Navy to return to the construction of large blue water capable vessels.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The Russian Navy had been planning to procure a new class of destroyer, the general-purpose <a href="/wiki/Project_21956" class="mw-redirect" title="Project 21956">Project 21956</a>. The Lider-class has been envisaged as a "green water" vessel and was anticipated to be nuclear-powered.<a href="#cite_note-78">[76]</a> The project was reportedly suspended in 2020, apparently in favour of the less expensive Project 22350 Admiral Gorshkov-class frigates.<a href="#cite_note-79">[77]</a> The Gorshkov-class vessels have themselves experienced technical challenges and in 2020 it was initially suggested that the larger 22350M variant of that class would not be proceeding.<a href="#cite_note-80">[78]</a> However, it was later reported that design work on both the Lider and the 22350M variant of the Gorshkov-class was in fact moving forward.<a href="#cite_note-81">[79]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%C2%AB%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%C2%BB_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/%C2%AB%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%C2%BB_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5.jpg/220px-%C2%AB%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%C2%BB_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/%C2%AB%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%C2%BB_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5.jpg/330px-%C2%AB%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%C2%BB_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/%C2%AB%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%C2%BB_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5.jpg/440px-%C2%AB%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%C2%BB_%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Borei-class_submarine" title="Borei-class submarine">Borei-class</a> nuclear ballistic missile submarine <a href="/wiki/Russian_submarine_Alexander_Nevsky_(K-550)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian submarine Alexander Nevsky (K-550)">Alexander Nevsky</a></figcaption></figure> In keeping with the emphasis on strategic forces, the Navy's submarine fleet is being modernized by the acquisition of several classes of strategic and tactical submarines. Up to 12 <a href="/wiki/Borei-class_submarine" title="Borei-class submarine">Borei/Dolgorukiy-class SSBNs</a> are planned to replace older classes in both the Northern and Pacific fleets.<a href="#cite_note-82">[80]</a> These are being complemented by new <a href="/wiki/Yasen-class" class="mw-redirect" title="Yasen-class">Yasen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Khabarovsk-class_submarine" title="Khabarovsk-class submarine">Khabarovsk-class SSGNs</a>, as well as conventional submarines of the <a href="/wiki/Kilo-class_submarine" title="Kilo-class submarine">Improved Kilo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lada-class_submarine" title="Lada-class submarine">Lada</a> classes. However, in terms of the tactical nuclear submarine fleet, it is unclear whether the new Yasen-class, Khabarovsk-class, and potential follow-on models, can be produced in sufficient numbers, and on a timely basis, to replace aging older model nuclear submarines on a one-for-one basis. It has been reported that Russian third-generation nuclear submarines have not been modernized to a level to avoid block obsolescence before 2030.<a href="#cite_note-83">[81]</a> On 28 April 2010, the <a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Ukrainian parliament</a> ratified an agreement to extend Russia's lease of Crimean base facilities to 2042 with an option for five more years, through 2047.<a href="#cite_note-84">[82]</a> Following the invasion and subsequent <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">annexation of Crimea by Russia in 2014</a>, this agreement has been officially invalidated by the <a href="/wiki/State_Duma" title="State Duma">Russian State Duma</a>. The Russian Navy has also revealed that the Russia's Black Sea Fleet will receive 30 new ships by 2020 and will become self-sufficient with its own infrastructure in the <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimean peninsula</a>. The fleet will be updated with new warships, submarines, and auxiliary vessels within the next six years. The new ships built for the Black Sea Fleet include three <a href="/wiki/Admiral_Grigorovich-class_frigate" class="mw-redirect" title="Admiral Grigorovich-class frigate">Admiral Grigorovich-class frigates</a> (originally six, but two of the remaining three were sold to India and in 2021 it was reported that a third ship would also be sold abroad)<a href="#cite_note-85">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[84]</a> and six Varshavyanka-class (Improved Kilo-class) diesel-electric submarines.<a href="#cite_note-87">[85]</a> On 27 December 2015, state-owned <a href="/wiki/United_Shipbuilding_Corporation" title="United Shipbuilding Corporation">United Shipbuilding Corporation</a> declared that by 2019 the company would have the technical ability to build aircraft and helicopter carriers, which came as some surprise to analysts as previously the company had stated carrier-building would not take place until 2025 at the earliest. Russia's only existing carrier, the Soviet era Admiral Kuznetsov will remain in service at least until 2030.<a href="#cite_note-88">[86]</a> In a May 2017, ten year defence review the development of a new aircraft carrier and nuclear powered destroyers was cancelled in favour of concentrating modernisation efforts on the nuclear triad. Development of a sixth generation SSBN was announced even though the fifth generation Borei class are still under construction as was a fleet of sub-frigate sized surface combatants.<a href="#cite_note-89">[87]</a> On 14 July 2021, shipyard Sevmash announced that for the first time in decades several nuclear submarines of different projects are undergoing sea trials.<a href="#cite_note-90">[88]</a> In the summer 2021, three nuclear submarines were undergoing sea trials simultaneously: Borei II class Knyaz Oleg, Yasen-M class Novosibirsk and modernized Antey class Belgorod. The last time in Russia or Soviet Union nuclear submarines of three different classes were undergoing sea trials was 1993, when Improved Akula class Tigr, Antey class Omsk and Sierra II class Pskov were undergoing sea trials. The increased intensity of sea trials taking place indicates enhanced shipbuilding in Russian Navy. On 12 January 2023, The Russian Northern Fleet announced in a press release that the <a href="/wiki/3M22_Zircon" title="3M22 Zircon">3M22 Zircon</a> hypersonic missile-equipped Admiral Gorshkov Frigate successfully sailed through the English Channel to carry out its assigned duties in the Atlantic Ocean.<a href="#cite_note-91">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Main_Naval_Parade_in_St._Petersburg">Main Naval Parade in St. Petersburg</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Navy_Day_(Russia)" title="Navy Day (Russia)">Navy Day (Russia)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Culture of the Russian Armed Forces">Culture of the Russian Armed Forces</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NavalParade2017_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/NavalParade2017_01.jpg/220px-NavalParade2017_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/NavalParade2017_01.jpg/330px-NavalParade2017_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/NavalParade2017_01.jpg/440px-NavalParade2017_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Passage of warships to <a href="/wiki/Kronstadt" title="Kronstadt">Kronstadt</a></figcaption></figure> Since 2017, by the decree of the President of Russia dated 27 July 2017,<a href="#cite_note-92">[90]</a> the tradition of holding the "Main Naval Parade" in St. Petersburg on the Navy Day has been restored. Prior to 2017, in Soviet and Russian Federation times the previously held annual St. Petersburg Navy Day parade was not so specifically named. The parade is composed of ships and sailors representing the several fleets and the Caspian Flotilla with small ships and submarines in the Neva River and the larger ones arrayed off Kronshtadt in the Gulf of St. Petersburg. It is celebrated annually on the last Sunday of July during the <a href="/wiki/Navy_Day_(Russia)" title="Navy Day (Russia)">Navy Day</a> holiday. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deployments_from_2018">Deployments from 2018</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tactical_exercises_of_the_Russian_Navy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Tactical_exercises_of_the_Russian_Navy.jpg/220px-Tactical_exercises_of_the_Russian_Navy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Tactical_exercises_of_the_Russian_Navy.jpg/330px-Tactical_exercises_of_the_Russian_Navy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Tactical_exercises_of_the_Russian_Navy.jpg/440px-Tactical_exercises_of_the_Russian_Navy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="334" /></a><figcaption>The nuclear-powered missile cruiser Peter the Great during a naval exercise</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ocean_Shield">Ocean Shield</h3></div> In the years 2018–2021, the Russian Navy has been organizing central annual naval exercise called Ocean Shield. Between 1–8 September 2018, Ocean Shield exercise was held for the first time. Unlike 2019 and 2020 exercises, conducted in the Baltic Sea, the first exercise took place in the Mediterranean Sea. 26 ships, 2 submarines and 34 aircraft were included.<a href="#cite_note-93">[91]</a> Among participants were cruiser Marshal Ustinov, destroyers Smetlivy and Severomorsk, frigates Admiral Grigorovich, Admiral Essen, Admiral Makarov, Pytlivy and Yaroslav Mudry, corvettes Vishny Volochyok, Grad Sviyazhsk and Veliky Ustyug and conventional submarines Kolpino and Velikiy Novgorod.<a href="#cite_note-rg.ru-94">[92]</a> The aircraft present included Tu-160 bombers, Tu-142 and Il-38 anti-submarine aircraft and Su-33 and MiG-29K maritime fighters. This was the largest Russian naval exercise in the Mediterranean Sea of the post-Cold War era and the largest Russian post-Cold War naval exercise in the far sea zone. In terms of distant location and number of capital ships participating it's comparable only to June 2021 exercises of the Pacific Fleet off the Hawaii islands.<a href="#cite_note-rg.ru-94">[92]</a> Organized between 1–9 August 2019, the second Ocean Shield exercise was the exercise with the largest number of participating ships (69 ships, including 49 warships and 20 support ships) in the independent Russia and took place in the Baltic Sea. The 22 known ships of the exercise "Ocean Shield 2019" include cruiser Marshal Ustinov, destroyer Severomorsk and frigate Admiral Gorshkov of the Northern Fleet, as well as Baltic Fleet's frigate Yaroslav Mudry, corvettes Steregushchy, Soobrazitelny,<a href="#cite_note-95">[93]</a> Stoykiy, Boikiy, Passat, Geyzer, Serpukhov, Mitishchi, Chuvashiya, Morshansk, Liven, Urengoy, R-257 and LSTs Aleksandr Shabalin, Kaliningrad, Minsk and Korolyov,<a href="#cite_note-96">[94]</a> as well as nuclear submarine Smolensk.<a href="#cite_note-97">[95]</a> Other possible participants include ships, participating in the July Naval Parade in St. Petersburg, i.e. frigate Admiral Kasatonov, corvettes Gremyashchy and Sovetsk, submarine Kronshtadt and minesweepers Ivan Antonov, Aleksandr Obukhov and Pavel Khenov.<a href="#cite_note-98">[96]</a> On 3 August 2020, third Ocean Shield exercise started in the Baltic Sea and included Northern Fleet's destroyer Vice-Admiral Kulakov and LST Pyotr Morgunov and Baltic Fleet's corvettes Steregushchy, Boikiy and Stoikiy.<a href="#cite_note-99">[97]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Combined-fleet_exercises">Combined-fleet exercises</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="June_2021">June 2021</h4></div> In 2021, no usual Ocean Shield exercise was conducted in August or September in the Baltic Sea. However, in June, the Pacific, Northern and Black Sea fleets conducted large-scale exercises. In mid June, four Russian cruisers and four destroyers were simultaneously at sea, or all operational large surface combatants except destroyer Severomorsk, which was probably the first time in the post-Cold war era. A complex large-scale exercise took place in the central Pacific Ocean, where the Russian Navy conducted possibly the strongest exercise of the post-Soviet era. It took place prior to the 2021 Putin-Biden summit, similarly to Aport and Atrina exercises that were held in 1985 and 1987 prior to the Geneva and Washington summits of Gorbachev and Reagan to improve Soviet negotiation position. Officially, however, it was stated that the exercise is an answer to the exercise Agile Dagger 2021 of the US Pacific Fleet, employing one third of the operational submarines of the US Pacific Fleet. In the Barents Sea, cruisers Marshal Ustinov and Pyotr Veliky, destroyer Vice-admiral Kulakov and submarines Kaluga, Gepard and Dmitry Donskoy were active.<a href="#cite_note-100">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[102]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:North_Pacific_location_map_2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/North_Pacific_location_map_2.svg/220px-North_Pacific_location_map_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/North_Pacific_location_map_2.svg/330px-North_Pacific_location_map_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/North_Pacific_location_map_2.svg/440px-North_Pacific_location_map_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="966" data-file-height="591" /></a><figcaption>The location of the exercise in the Pacific Ocean in the vicinity of 23°, -170°</figcaption></figure> Between 7 and 24 June, a large-scale exercise was conducted by the Pacific Fleet in the central Pacific Ocean, being the first post-Cold war Russian naval exercise in that area (minor exceptions being destroyer Admiral Panteleev taking part in RIMPAC-2012 exercise and frigate Admiral Gorshkov sailing near Hawaii in 2019<a href="#cite_note-TASS-105">[103]</a>). It included cruiser Varyag, destroyers Marshal Shaposhnikov and Admiral Panteleyev, corvettes Sovershenny, Gromky and Aldar Tsydenzhapov,<a href="#cite_note-106">[104]</a> (a) nuclear submarine(s) (likely Omsk<a href="#cite_note-107">[105]</a> and Kuzbass<a href="#cite_note-108">[106]</a>) and intelligence ship Kareliya.<a href="#cite_note-109">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-110">[108]</a> The exercise started in the central Pacific Ocean on 10 June, and on 21 June the ships 2500 nautical miles southeast of the Kuril islands simulated an attack on the enemy carrier strike group. Prior to that, the ships operated in two groups, sailing at 300 nautical miles from each other, one of them playing the role of enemy. The largest auxiliary ship of the Russian Navy Marshal Krylov also took part in the exercise and acted as a command ship for the commander of the exercise, rear admiral Konstantin Kabantsev, commander of Primorskaya Flotilla, as well as hospital ship Irtysh<a href="#cite_note-111">[109]</a> and MiG-31 interceptors and Il-38 and Tu-142 anti-submarine aircraft. On 24 June, the final day of the exercise, three Tu-95 bombers, several Tu-22M bombers, escorted by interceptors MiG-31BM and two Il-78 tankers flew to the central Pacific Ocean as well. The Tu-95s delivered conditional strikes against enemy's critical infrastructure and Tu-22M delivered strikes against enemy's conditional carrier strike group together with Varyag and Marshal Shaposhnikov.<a href="#cite_note-112">[110]</a> An additional destroyer Admiral Tributs was deployed to the South China Sea, accompanying nuclear submarine Nerpa. On 18 June 2021, the Black Sea Fleet deployed cruiser Moskva to the Mediterranean Sea,<a href="#cite_note-113">[111]</a> which, amid deployment of <a href="/wiki/HMS_Queen_Elizabeth_(R08)" title="HMS Queen Elizabeth (R08)">Queen Elizabeth</a> to the Eastern Mediterranean, took part in an unprecedented anti-ship exercise with bombers Tu-22M and interceptors MiG-31K both deployed to Syria for the first time in May and June. A MiG-31K reportedly fired a <a href="/wiki/Kh-47M2_Kinzhal" title="Kh-47M2 Kinzhal">Kinzhal</a> missile against a ground target in Syria,<a href="#cite_note-114">[112]</a> while a newest air defence system <a href="/wiki/S-500_missile_system" title="S-500 missile system">S-500</a> was reportedly tested at Khmeymim airbase and obtained a lock on F-35 fighter from Queen Elizabeth.<a href="#cite_note-115">[113]</a> The exercise included rocket fire 30 km away from Queen Elizabeth.<a href="#cite_note-116">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="January–February_2022">January–February 2022</h4></div> In January–February 2022 large-scale exercise of all Russian fleets took place with some 140 warships and support ships. In the Northern Fleet it included two task groups. First, cruiser Marshal Ustinov, destroyer Vice-Admiral Kulakov and frigate Admiral Kasatonov, as well as tanker Vyazma and tug SB-406 were deployed to the southwest of Ireland, conducting first Russian post-Cold war naval exercise west of British isles.<a href="#cite_note-117">[115]</a> Second, destroyer Severomorsk, frigate Admiral Gorshkov, LST Ivan Gren, nuclear submarine Severodvinsk, diesel-electric submarine Kaluga, corvettes Snezhnogorsk and Brest, as well as support ships operated in the Barents Sea.<a href="#cite_note-118">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[117]</a> Additionally, three LSTs were deploying to the Black Sea (Olenogorsky Gornyak, Georgiy Pobedonosets and Pyotr Morgunov).<a href="#cite_note-120">[118]</a> In the Pacific Fleet, cruiser Varyag, destroyer Admiral Tributs and tanker Boris Butoma were deployed to the Indian Ocean, participating in the third Russo-Sino-Iranian naval exercise, first Russo-Chinese naval exercise away from Russian/Chinese coast that took place in the western Indian Ocean and will finally strengthen Mediterranean squadron. Additionally, submarine Volkhov fired a Kalibr missile in the Sea of Japan<a href="#cite_note-121">[119]</a> and two Tu-142 performed flight above the Okhotsk Sea.<a href="#cite_note-122">[120]</a> In the Baltic Fleet, corvettes Soobrazitelny and Stoykiy were deployed to the Northern Sea,<a href="#cite_note-123">[121]</a> while Zeleny Dol, Mytishchi, Odintsovo, Aleksin, Kabardino-Balkariya<a href="#cite_note-124">[122]</a> were active in the Baltic Sea.<a href="#cite_note-125">[123]</a> Additionally, three LSTs were deploying to the Black Sea: Korolyov, Minsk and Kaliningrad and intelligence ship Vasily Tatishchev to the Mediterranean Sea, where it will monitor three-carrier exercise with CVN Harry Truman, Cavour and Charles de Gaulle in February 2022.<a href="#cite_note-126">[124]</a> In the Black Sea Fleet, an exercise was conducted by frigates Admiral Essen, Ladnyy, corvettes Ingushetiya, Grayvoron, Naberezhnye Chelny, R-60, Yeysk, Suzdalets and other ships, totally around 20 ships.<a href="#cite_note-127">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[126]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Annual_exercise">Annual exercise</h3></div> Russia organises a central military exercise for September each year. During Zapad 2021, in Northern Fleet two surface groups were active: Admiral Ushakov and Admiral Kasatonov in the Barents Sea (along with coastal systems Bal and Bastion-P) and Severomorsk in the Arctic (along with LST Georgiy Pobedonosets, tug Pamir and tanker Sergey Osipov<a href="#cite_note-129">[127]</a>), as well as submarines Orel and Verkhoturye (along with minesweepers Yelnya, Soloyevetskiy, Yunga, Yadrin and Kotelnich in two groups). In the Baltic Fleet, frigate Yaroslav Mudry, corvettes Steregushchy and Stoykiy and submarine Dmitrov were active (along with coastal system Bal). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Barents_Sea">Barents Sea</h3></div> On 22 February 2021, the Northern Fleet conducted an exercise in which cruiser Marshal Ustinov sailed in Varanger Fjord in the area of the Russia–Norway maritime border, becoming the first Russian warship to do so in the post-Cold War era.<a href="#cite_note-130">[128]</a> Sailing was speculated to be response to the US bombers (B-1B) landing in Norway on the same day for the first time.<a href="#cite_note-131">[129]</a> Other ships active in the area in January–February 2021 included destroyer Severomorsk,<a href="#cite_note-132">[130]</a> frigate <a href="/wiki/Russian_frigate_Admiral_Gorshkov" title="Russian frigate Admiral Gorshkov">Admiral Gorshkov</a> with the tug Altay,<a href="#cite_note-133">[131]</a> nuclear submarine Severodvinsk (that launched a <a href="/wiki/3M-54_Klub" class="mw-redirect" title="3M-54 Klub">Kalibr missile)</a>,<a href="#cite_note-134">[132]</a> corvettes Aysberg,<a href="#cite_note-135">[133]</a> Snezhnogorsk,<a href="#cite_note-136">[134]</a> Yunga and Brest,<a href="#cite_note-137">[135]</a> and salvage vessel Georgiy Titov with deep-submergence rescue vehicle <a href="/wiki/Russian_submarine_AS-34" title="Russian submarine AS-34">AS-34</a>.<a href="#cite_note-138">[136]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Atlantic">Atlantic</h3></div> South of Gibraltar, in September–October 2021 Russian Navy deployed destroyer Vice-Admiral Kulakov (along tanker Akademik Pashin and tug Altai) that visited Praia, Capo Verde and performed anti-piracy exercise in the Gulf of Guinea.<a href="#cite_note-139">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[138]</a> It was the first deployment of a Russian warship south of Gibraltar since Admiral Gorshkov's 2019 world circumnavigation. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_Atlantic_and_Mediterranean_Sea">North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea</h3></div> In February 2008 a Russian Northern Fleet naval task force completed a two-month deployment in the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a> and the North Atlantic which started on 4 December 2007. The operation was the first large-scale Russian Navy deployment to the Atlantic and the Mediterranean in 15 years. The task force included the Admiral Kuznetsov-class aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov, the Udaloy-class destroyers <a href="/wiki/Russian_destroyer_Admiral_Levchenko" title="Russian destroyer Admiral Levchenko">Admiral Levchenko</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russian_destroyer_Admiral_Chabanenko" title="Russian destroyer Admiral Chabanenko">Admiral Chabanenko</a>, and the Slava-class guided missile cruiser Moskva, as well as auxiliary vessels. During the operation the navy practiced rescue and counter-terror operations, reconnaissance, and missile and bomb strikes on the (theoretical) enemy's naval task force. Over 40 <a href="/wiki/Russian_Air_Force" title="Russian Air Force">Russian Air Force</a> aircraft took part in joint exercises with the navy as well.<a href="#cite_note-141">[139]</a> <ul><li>In October 2008, a naval task group from the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Fleet" title="Northern Fleet">Northern Fleet</a>, comprising the nuclear-powered missile cruiser Pyotr Velikiy, the large ASW ship Admiral Chabanenko, and support ships, left their homeport of Severomorsk in northern Russia on 22 September and sailed into the northern Atlantic, having covered a distance of 1,000 nautical miles (1,900 km) in a week. Russian warships were scheduled to participate in joint naval exercises with the Venezuelan Navy in the Caribbean on 10–14 November, in line with the 2008 training program, and in order to expand military cooperation with foreign navies.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] These exercises actually took place on 1 December.</li> <li>11 October 2008, Russian warships bound for Venezuela, including the nuclear-powered cruiser Pyotr Velikiy, put in at the Libyan port of Tripoli for resupply.<a href="#cite_note-142">[140]</a></li> <li>From Venezuela Petr Velikiy proceeded alone to a port call in Cape Town, South Africa, then participated in the INDRA-2009 exercise off western India, briefly engaged in counter-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden, and returned to its homeport of Severomorsk in March 2009. The other ships in company returned to their home base in the Northern Fleet.</li> <li>A group of <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Fleet_(Russia)" title="Pacific Fleet (Russia)">Pacific Fleet</a> ships arrived in the Mediterranean Sea on 15 May 2013 having sailed from <a href="/wiki/Vladivostok" title="Vladivostok">Vladivostok</a> on 19 March 2013.<a href="#cite_note-143">[141]</a> <a href="/wiki/Russian_destroyer_Admiral_Panteleyev" title="Russian destroyer Admiral Panteleyev">Admiral Panteleyev</a>, the Ropucha-class landing ships Peresvet and Admiral Nevelskoy, the <a href="/wiki/Tanker_(ship)" title="Tanker (ship)">tanker</a> Pechenga and the rescue <a href="/wiki/Tugboat" title="Tugboat">tug</a> Fotiy Krylov augmented the Russian Navy's grouping there, and carried out tasks in the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a>. The Pacific Fleet ships practiced activities jointly with forces from other Russian navy fleets and made a number of business calls at ports in the region, including a call at <a href="/wiki/Limassol" title="Limassol">Limassol</a>, Cyprus on 17 May 2013.<a href="#cite_note-144">[142]</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Fleet" title="Baltic Fleet">Baltic Fleet</a> Ropucha-class landing ships Kaliningrad, Aleksandr Shabalin and Azov arrived at <a href="/wiki/Novorossiysk" title="Novorossiysk">Novorossiysk</a> naval base on 14 May 2013 having completed their duties in the Mediterranean. The Baltic Fleet ships spent several weeks at <a href="/wiki/Novorossiysk" title="Novorossiysk">Novorossiysk</a> undergoing checks and maintenance and replenishing supplies before resuming their duties in the Mediterranean.<a href="#cite_note-145">[143]</a></li> <li>The Northern Fleet's Udaloy-class destroyer <a href="/wiki/Russian_destroyer_Vice-Admiral_Kulakov" title="Russian destroyer Vice-Admiral Kulakov">Vice-Admiral Kulakov</a> was reported to be heading for the Atlantic on 20 May 2013 after completing a visit to Norway. The ship had been taking part in the Russian-Norwegian <a href="/wiki/Pomor" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomor">Pomor</a>-2013 exercise and is expected to take on supplies from the tanker Vyazma while at anchor in the <a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a> before undertaking a lengthy voyage in the north eastern regions of the Atlantic Ocean.<a href="#cite_note-146">[144]</a></li> <li>On 1 June 2013, Navy Commander Adm <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Chirkov" title="Viktor Chirkov">Viktor Chirkov</a> said that the aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov is "expected to put out and perform a number of missions in an offshore oceanic zone as part of a group. Northern Fleet naval pilots will perform a number of missions on board this cruiser during the long-range mission." He also stated that the ship's deployment might be as part of a permanent operational group in the Mediterranean. In preparing for the deployment the ships' airwing would not be using the NITKA pilot training facility located in Crimea, Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-147">[145]</a></li> <li>On 20 October 2016, a Northern Fleet task group headed by Admiral Kuznetsov was monitored by a fleet of least eight ships in the English Channel en route to Syria reportedly to participate in the attack on Aleppo. The British <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> sent multiple ships including HMS Dragon to shadow each warship as the fleet met up with an additional two Russian warships. NATO also tasked its standing naval group <a href="/wiki/SNMG1" class="mw-redirect" title="SNMG1">SNMG1</a> to shadow the group and escort it through the Dover Straits towards the Mediterranean.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li> <li>On 17 February 2017, the Russian Navy surveillance vessel SSV-175 Viktor Leonov was cruising international waters off the East Coast of the United States. Viktor Leonov is outfitted with a variety of high-tech spying equipment designed to intercept signals intelligence. It first appeared off Delaware and, then moved south of the US submarine base at Groton, Connecticut collecting electronic signals.<a href="#cite_note-148">[146]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Syria">Syria</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Russian_naval_base_in_Tartus" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian naval base in Tartus">Russian naval base in Tartus</a></div> <ul><li>Sequentially having lost naval support facility access in Albania, Yugoslavia, and Egypt, in 1971 the Soviet Navy began operating from a leased facility in Tartus, Syria.</li> <li>In September 2008, it was reported that Russia and Syria conducted talks about permitting Russia to develop and enlarge its <a href="/wiki/Russian_naval_facility_in_Tartus" title="Russian naval facility in Tartus">naval base in Syria</a> in order to establish a stronger naval presence in the Mediterranean,<a href="#cite_note-149">[147]</a> and amidst the deteriorating Russia relations with the west in conjunction with the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Georgian_War" title="Russo-Georgian War">2008 South Ossetia war</a> and the plans to deploy <a href="/wiki/Poland%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Poland–Russia relations">US missile defence shield in Poland</a>, it has even been asserted that <a href="/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad" title="Bashar al-Assad">President Assad</a> has agreed to <a href="/wiki/Tartus" title="Tartus">Tartus</a> port's conversion into a permanent Middle East base for Russia's nuclear-armed warships.<a href="#cite_note-150">[148]</a> <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a> additionally announced that it would be renovating the port, although there was no mention in the Syrian press.<a href="#cite_note-Haa-151">[149]</a></li> <li>On 22 September 2008, Russian Navy spokesman Igor Dygalo said the nuclear-powered Pyotr Velikiy cruiser, accompanied by three other ships, sailed from the Northern Fleet's base of <a href="/wiki/Severomorsk" title="Severomorsk">Severomorsk</a>. The ships will cover about 15,000 nautical miles (28,000 km) to conduct joint maneuvers with the Venezuelan navy. Dygalo refused to comment on Monday's report in the daily Izvestia claiming that the ships were to make a stopover in the Syrian port of Tartus on their way to <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>. Russian officials said the Soviet-era base there was being renovated to serve as a foothold for a permanent Russian navy presence in the Mediterranean.<a href="#cite_note-152">[150]</a></li> <li>In late November 2011, <a href="/wiki/Pravda" title="Pravda">Pravda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a> wrote that a naval flotilla led by the aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov would sail to its naval base in <a href="/wiki/Tartus" title="Tartus">Tartus</a> as a show of support for the <a href="/wiki/Al-Assad_family" title="Al-Assad family">al-Assad regime</a>.<a href="#cite_note-153">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[152]</a> Such a visit is not possible because the lengths of all of Russia's current modern warships exceed the size of the two 100 meter piers located at the Russian leasehold in Tartus. (see next paragraph)</li> <li>On 29 November 2011, Army General <a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Yegorovich_Makarov" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikolay Yegorovich Makarov">Nikolay Makarov</a>, Chief of the Russian General Staff, said that sending ships of the Russian Navy to the Mediterranean Sea is linked to exercises and not to the situation in Syria. "In the event of necessity, namely to carry out repairs, to take water and food on board and to allow rest for the crews, Russian ships may visit Tartus but in this case this has not been included in the plan of the trip," the Interfax source said. He also noted that the size of Admiral Kuznetsov does not allow it to moor in Tartus because the port does not have suitable infrastructure, i.e., large enough mooring.<a href="#cite_note-155">[153]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sudan">Sudan</h3></div> <ul><li>On 23 July 2019, Russia and <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> signed an agreement on establishment of a Russian naval base in <a href="/wiki/Port_Sudan" title="Port Sudan">Port Sudan</a> in <a href="/wiki/Khartoum" title="Khartoum">Khartoum</a> and, on 1 December 2020, in Moscow. On 25 June 2021, Russian prime minister <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Mishustin" title="Mikhail Mishustin">Mishustin</a> submitted the agreement for ratification.<a href="#cite_note-156">[154]</a> On 12 July, Sudan was preparing for ratification too.<a href="#cite_note-157">[155]</a></li> <li>Between 28 February and 2 May 2021, a number of Russian ships called at Port Sudan, beginning with frigate <a href="/wiki/Russian_frigate_Admiral_Grigorovich" title="Russian frigate Admiral Grigorovich">Admiral Grigorovich</a><a href="#cite_note-158">[156]</a> in what was the first visit of a Russian warship to Sudan in the modern history. This was followed by corvette <a href="/wiki/Russian_corvette_Stoikiy" title="Russian corvette Stoikiy">Stoikiy</a> and tug Kola on 19 March,<a href="#cite_note-159">[157]</a> signals intelligence ship <a href="/wiki/Russian_ship_Ivan_Khurs" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian ship Ivan Khurs">Ivan Khurs</a> on 10 April,<a href="#cite_note-160">[158]</a> signals intelligence ship Vasily Tatishchev<a href="#cite_note-161">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-162">[160]</a> and its accompanying repair ship PM-138 on 2 May.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Algeria">Algeria</h3></div> Russia and Algeria hold annual naval exercise at the end of the year. <ul><li>Between 16 and 17 November 2021, Russo-Algerian naval exercise was conducted. Russian Black Sea Fleet's frigate Admiral Grigorovich, patrol ship <a href="/wiki/Russian_patrol_boat_Vasily_Bykov" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian patrol boat Vasily Bykov">Vasily Bykov</a> and seagoing tug SB-742 took part, as well as Algerian frigate Harrad, training vessel La Sammam and rescue vessel El Munjid.<a href="#cite_note-163">[161]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Egypt">Egypt</h3></div> Russia and Egypt have held an annual naval exercise at the end of the year since 2015. Usually, the exercise is conducted in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, an exception being 2020, when the exercise took place in the Black Sea. From 3–10 December 2021, another Russo-Egyptian naval exercise, Bridge of Friendship, took place in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. The Russian task force comprised frigate Admiral Grigorovich, patrol ship Dmitry Rogachev and sea-going tug SB-742.<a href="#cite_note-164">[162]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Caribbean_Sea">Caribbean Sea</h3></div> On 8 September 2008, it was announced that the Pyotr Velikiy would sail to the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</a> in order to participate in naval exercises with the <a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_Navy_of_Venezuela" title="Bolivarian Navy of Venezuela">Venezuelan Navy</a>. This represented the first major Russian show of force in that sea since the end of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-165">[163]</a> On 22 September the Kirov-class nuclear missile cruiser Pyotr Velikiy and the Udaloy class large anti-submarine ship Admiral Chabanenko, accompanied by support vessels, left their home port of Severomorsk for naval exercises with Venezuela scheduled for early November 2008.<a href="#cite_note-166">[164]</a> On 25 November 2008, a group of warships from Russia's <a href="/wiki/Northern_Fleet" title="Northern Fleet">Northern Fleet</a> arrived at the <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuelan</a> port of <a href="/wiki/La_Guaira" title="La Guaira">La Guaira</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="East_Africa:_Somali_Coast">East Africa: Somali Coast</h3></div> <ul><li>On 24 September 2008, the Russian frigate <a href="/wiki/Russian_frigate_Neustrashimy" title="Russian frigate Neustrashimy">Neustrashimy</a> left its home base at Baltiysk, Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, for counter-piracy operations near the Somali coast.<a href="#cite_note-167">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-168">[Note 2]</a></li> <li>From 11 January to 17 March 2009, the <a href="/wiki/Russian_destroyer_Admiral_Vinogradov" title="Russian destroyer Admiral Vinogradov">Admiral Vinogradov</a> took up the counter-piracy mission from the Neustrashimy and upon completion took a course home to Vladivostok by way of a port visit to Jakarta, Indonesia 24–28 March 2009.<a href="#cite_note-169">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[167]</a></li> <li>From 26 April to 7 June 2009, the Pacific Fleet destroyer Admiral Panteleyev took up counter-piracy duties in the Gulf of Aden, having left Vladivostok at the end of March 2009 to relieve the Admiral Vinogradov. It returned to Vladivostok on 1 July.<a href="#cite_note-171">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[169]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indian_Ocean_and_Arabian_Sea">Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea</h3></div> Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cam_Ranh_Air_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Cam Ranh Air Base">Cam Ranh Air Base</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[170]</a> <ul><li>On 11 January 2009, Army General <a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Yegorovich_Makarov" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikolay Yegorovich Makarov">Nikolai Makarov</a>, Chief of the Russian General Staff, announced that the Kirov-class nuclear-powered cruiser Pyotr Velikiy and five other ships would take part in exercises with the Indian Navy in late January 2009.<a href="#cite_note-174">[171]</a></li> <li>In 2021, Black Sea Fleet's intelligence ship Kildin entered port Oman on 1 November.<a href="#cite_note-175">[172]</a> Besides, in summer, the newly built frigate Gremyashchy and Kilo (Varshavanka) class diesel-electric submarines Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and Volkhov transited Indian Ocean on their way from the Baltic Sea to the Pacific Ocean.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="East_Asia">East Asia</h3></div> Since 2012, Russia and China have conducted an annual naval exercise.<a href="#cite_note-176">[173]</a> In even years, they take place off Chinese coast (usually in the Yellow Sea), and in odd years off Russian coast (usually in the Sea of Japan). In 2015 and 2017, in addition to the exercises in the Sea of Japan, additional exercises in the Mediterranean and Baltic Sea, respectively, were held. In 2021, for the first time the exercise surpassed the defensive character as Russian and Chinese warships passed through the Tsugaru Strait between Japanese islands Hokkaido and Honshu. <ul><li>On 23 October 2021, Russian and Chinese Navies conducted first ever joint patrol.<a href="#cite_note-177">[174]</a> Five warships of each navy participated, including two destroyers, two corvettes and a command ship. Russian Navy was represented by destroyers Admiral Panteleyev and Admiral Tributs, corvettes Gromky and Geroy Rossiyskoy federatsii Aldar Tsydenzhapov and tracking ship Marshal Krylov. The patrol group passed through the Tsugaru Strait. Joint Russo-Chinese operations imply readiness of both superpowers to cooperate to limit the power of the American-led order in the Asia-Pacific region.</li> <li>From 1–3 December 2021, the first naval exercise between Russia and ASEAN occurred in the Indonesian territorial waters.<a href="#cite_note-178">[175]</a> Russia was represented by destroyer Admiral Panteleyev, Vietnam by frigate Ly Thai To,<a href="#cite_note-179">[176]</a> Indonesia by frigate Raden Eddy Martadinata, Malaysia by frigate Lekiu, Singapore by corvette Vigour, Brunei by off-shore patrol vessel Daruttaqwa, Thailand by frigate Kraburi and Myanmar by frigate Kyansittha,<a href="#cite_note-180">[177]</a> while Philippines joined as an observer.<a href="#cite_note-181">[178]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Russian_Navy" title="History of the Russian Navy">History of the Russian Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_of_the_Russian_Navy" title="Future of the Russian Navy">Future of the Russian Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuznetsov_Naval_Academy" title="Kuznetsov Naval Academy">Russian Naval Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_line_of_Russia" title="List of ships of the line of Russia">List of ships of the line of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_carriers_of_Russia_and_the_Soviet_Union" title="List of aircraft carriers of Russia and the Soviet Union">List of aircraft carriers of Russia and the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_Navy_cruisers" title="List of Russian Navy cruisers">List of Russian Navy cruisers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_Navy_equipment" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Russian Navy equipment">List of Russian Navy equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_Russia_by_project_number" title="List of ships of Russia by project number">List of ships of Russia by project number</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Soviet_and_Russian_submarine_classes" title="List of Soviet and Russian submarine classes">List of Soviet and Russian submarine classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_Russian_Navy_ships" title="List of active Russian Navy ships">List of active Russian Navy ships</a> for current Order of Battle of the Russian Navy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Hydrographic_Service" title="Russian Hydrographic Service">Russian Hydrographic Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo#Russian_Navy" title="Torpedo">Russian torpedoes</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: Военно-морской флот (ВМФ), <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>: Voyenno-morskoi flot (VMF), <a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> 'Military Maritime Fleet' </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> Warrant officer ranks may be abolished soon,<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a> but the abolition began in 2009 in accordance with defense regulations, which were reversed in 2013. </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> The Ukrainian merchant vessel <a href="/wiki/MV_Faina" title="MV Faina">Faina</a> was seized by Somali pirates on 25 September. The deployment of the Neustrashimy was not in response to the seizure of the Faina. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Russian_Navy_birth_day-1"><a href="#cite_ref-Russian_Navy_birth_day_1-0">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.neva.ru/EXPO96/book/book-cont.html">"History of the Russian Navy"</a>. 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Retrieved 15 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7+%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%BE%D1%82+09.10.2020+%E2%84%96+525+%28%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD+16.11.2020+%E2%84%96+60927%29&rft.pages=320-323&rft.pub=publication.pravo.gov.ru%2F&rft.date=2020-11-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublication.pravo.gov.ru%2FDocument%2FView%2F0001202011170028%3Findex%3D318%26rangeSize%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lenta.ru/news/2008/10/23/ensign/">Вооруженные силы РФ останутся без прапорщиков</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140812210445/http://lenta.ru/news/2008/10/23/ensign/">Archived</a> 12 August 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, retrieved 15 November 2008. </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.com/defense/954140">"Russia's upgraded radar adapted for operating in Arctic"</a>. TASS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220211220916/https://tass.com/defense/954140">Archived</a> from the original on 11 February 2022. Retrieved 11 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TASS&rft.atitle=Russia%27s+upgraded+radar+adapted+for+operating+in+Arctic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftass.com%2Fdefense%2F954140&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ruaviation.com/news/2019/10/31/14324/?h">"Russia deploys its modern over-the-horizon Podsolnukh radar systems to Far East, Baltic and Caspian Seas - News - Russian Aviation - RUAVIATION.COM"</a>. www.ruaviation.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220220164507/https://www.ruaviation.com/news/2019/10/31/14324/?h">Archived</a> from the original on 20 February 2022. 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Warfare.ru. Retrieved on 9 September 2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://seawaves.com/?p=8177">"Sevmash General Director Updates Belgorod Trials – SeaWaves Magazine"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210115161411/https://seawaves.com/?p=8177">Archived</a> from the original on 15 January 2021. Retrieved 13 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sevmash+General+Director+Updates+Belgorod+Trials+%E2%80%93+SeaWaves+Magazine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fseawaves.com%2F%3Fp%3D8177&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSutton" class="citation web cs1">Sutton, H. I. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/hisutton/2020/07/06/russian-navys-spy-submarine-losharik-1-year-after-fatal-accident/">"Losharik Spy Submarine Accident Is Still A Problem For Russian Navy"</a>. Forbes. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211125172601/https://www.forbes.com/sites/hisutton/2020/07/06/russian-navys-spy-submarine-losharik-1-year-after-fatal-accident/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 November 2021. 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Retrieved 6 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Drive&rft.atitle=Russian+Landing+Ship+Destroyed+In+Massive+Explosion+In+Captured+Ukrainian+Port+City&rft.date=2022-03-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedrive.com%2Fthe-war-zone%2F44904%2Frussian-landing-ship-destroyed-in-massive-explosion-in-captured-ukrainian-port-city&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrotnik2023" class="citation web cs1">Grotnik, Tomasz (17 May 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2023/05/russias-black-sea-fleet-gets-new-corvette-kind-of/">"Russia's Black Sea Fleet Gets New Corvette… Kind Of"</a>. 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Retrieved 14 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=RUSSIA+AND+BLACK+SEA+SECURITY&rft.date=2018-12&rft.aulast=kuimova&rft.aufirst=alexandra&rft.au=wezeman%2C+siemon+t.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sipri.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F2018-12%2Fbp_1812_black_sea_russia_0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tass22-58"><a href="#cite_ref-tass22_58-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.com/defense/1397811">"Russian naval ships arrive at Syria's Tartus in large-scale drills"</a>. TASS. 4 February 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220415001019/https://tass.com/defense/1397811?utm_source=google.com&utm_medium=organic&utm_campaign=google.com&utm_referrer=google.com">Archived</a> from the original on 15 April 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Russian+naval+ships+arrive+at+Syria%27s+Tartus+in+large-scale+drills&rft.date=2022-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftass.com%2Fdefense%2F1397811&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tarf24-59"><a href="#cite_ref-tarf24_59-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220422-nato-russia-eye-each-other-as-both-up-forces-in-the-med">"NATO, Russia eye each other as both up forces in the Med"</a>. 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Retrieved 14 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=NATO%2C+Russia+eye+each+other+as+both+up+forces+in+the+Med&rft.date=2022-04-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2Flive-news%2F20220422-nato-russia-eye-each-other-as-both-up-forces-in-the-med&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bsn11.5-60"><a href="#cite_ref-bsn11.5_60-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blackseanews.net/en/read/189129">"The Presence of Russian Warships in the Mediterranean Sea as of 10 May 2022"</a>. Black Sea News. 11 May 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220707070359/https://www.blackseanews.net/en/read/189129">Archived</a> from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 14 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Presence+of+Russian+Warships+in+the+Mediterranean+Sea+as+of+10+May+2022&rft.date=2022-05-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.blackseanews.net%2Fen%2Fread%2F189129&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.com/defense/1519889">"Latest diesel-electric sub built for Russian Pacific Fleet arrives in Vladivostok"</a>. TASS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221011010944/https://tass.com/defense/1519889">Archived</a> from the original on 11 October 2022. 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Retrieved 16 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Indonesian+Navy+Featured+at+Sail+Tidore+in+2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fseawaves.com%2F2022%2F11%2F30%2Findonesian-navy-featured-at-sail-tidore-in-2022%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/2020/october/9193-project-636-3-diesel-electric-submarine-volkhov-entered-service-with-russian-navy.html">"Project 636.3 diesel-electric submarine Volkhov entered service with Russian Navy"</a>. www.navyrecognition.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201029100014/https://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/news/defence-news/2020/october/9193-project-636-3-diesel-electric-submarine-volkhov-entered-service-with-russian-navy.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 October 2020. Retrieved 27 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.navyrecognition.com&rft.atitle=Project+636.3+diesel-electric+submarine+Volkhov+entered+service+with+Russian+Navy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.navyrecognition.com%2Findex.php%2Fnews%2Fdefence-news%2F2020%2Foctober%2F9193-project-636-3-diesel-electric-submarine-volkhov-entered-service-with-russian-navy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://seawaves.com/project-636-3-mozhaysk-on-trials/">"Project 636.3 Mozhaysk on Trials"</a>. 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Retrieved 19 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sea+Waves+Magazine&rft.atitle=Project+636.3+Mozhaysk+on+Trials&rft.date=2023-09-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fseawaves.com%2Fproject-636-3-mozhaysk-on-trials%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/naval-news/naval-news-archive/2022/november/12484-russian-navy-officially-commissions-kilo-class-submarine-ufa.html">"Russian Navy officially commissions Kilo class submarine Ufa"</a>. 16 November 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221116132732/https://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/naval-news/naval-news-archive/2022/november/12484-russian-navy-officially-commissions-kilo-class-submarine-ufa.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 November 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russian+Navy+officially+commissions+Kilo+class+submarine+Ufa&rft.date=2022-11-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.navyrecognition.com%2Findex.php%2Fnaval-news%2Fnaval-news-archive%2F2022%2Fnovember%2F12484-russian-navy-officially-commissions-kilo-class-submarine-ufa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/naval-news/naval-news-archive/2022/july/11893-russian-improved-kilo-class-submarine-ufa-begins-sea-trials-in-baltic-sea.html">"Russian Improved Kilo class submarine Ufa begins sea trials in Baltic Sea"</a>. 7 July 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220818155757/https://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/naval-news/naval-news-archive/2022/july/11893-russian-improved-kilo-class-submarine-ufa-begins-sea-trials-in-baltic-sea.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 August 2022. Retrieved 18 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russian+Improved+Kilo+class+submarine+Ufa+begins+sea+trials+in+Baltic+Sea&rft.date=2022-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.navyrecognition.com%2Findex.php%2Fnaval-news%2Fnaval-news-archive%2F2022%2Fjuly%2F11893-russian-improved-kilo-class-submarine-ufa-begins-sea-trials-in-baltic-sea.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHille2014" class="citation news cs1">Hille, Kathrin (15 October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/f6564f36-53a3-11e4-929b-00144feab7de.html">"Russia's defence budget hit by slowdown"</a>. Financial Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141020181046/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/f6564f36-53a3-11e4-929b-00144feab7de.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 October 2014. Retrieved 28 October 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Russia%27s+defence+budget+hit+by+slowdown&rft.date=2014-10-15&rft.aulast=Hille&rft.aufirst=Kathrin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcms%2Fs%2F0%2Ff6564f36-53a3-11e4-929b-00144feab7de.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> Foreword to <a href="/wiki/Jane%27s_Fighting_Ships" class="mw-redirect" title="Jane's Fighting Ships">Jane's Fighting Ships</a> 2004–2005, p.30 </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/1660936">"Шойгу: оснащенность Российской армии современным оружием и техникой за год выросла на 7%"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2016/1222/161038788/detail.shtml">the original</a> on 9 October 2017. 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Проект 971"</a>. Deepstorm.ru. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130430024613/http://www.deepstorm.ru/DeepStorm.files/45-92/nts/971/K-419/K-419.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 30 April 2013. 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Retrieved 7 August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UPDATED%3A+Russian+Navy+Surveillance+Ship+Quietly+Operating+Off+Hawaii+-+USNI+News&rft.date=2021-05-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.usni.org%2F2021%2F05%2F26%2Frussian-navy-surveillance-ship-quietly-operating-off-hawaii&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tvzvezda.ru/news/20216101134-5PRPN.html">"Крейсер, фрегат, корветы: кадры больших Тихоокеанских учений российского флота"</a>. 10 June 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230810101628/https://tvzvezda.ru/news/20216101134-5PRPN.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 August 2023. 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Structure.mil.ru. 28 January 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128130020/https://structure.mil.ru/structure/forces/navy/news/more.htm?id=12405696@egNews">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2022. Retrieved 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA+%D0%B8+%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%B2+%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5+%3A+%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.pub=Structure.mil.ru&rft.date=2022-01-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstructure.mil.ru%2Fstructure%2Fforces%2Fnavy%2Fnews%2Fmore.htm%3Fid%3D12405696%40egNews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewdick2022" class="citation web cs1">Newdick, Thomas (19 January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/43942/flotilla-of-russian-amphibious-warships-has-entered-the-english-channel">"Flotilla Of Russian Landing Ships Has Entered The English Channel"</a>. 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Retrieved 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flotilla+Of+Russian+Landing+Ships+Has+Entered+The+English+Channel&rft.pub=Thedrive.com&rft.date=2022-01-19&rft.aulast=Newdick&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedrive.com%2Fthe-war-zone%2F43942%2Fflotilla-of-russian-amphibious-warships-has-entered-the-english-channel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.com/defense/1390859">"Russian sub live-fires Kalibr cruise missile from submerged position in Sea of Japan - Military & Defense"</a>. TASS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230810101613/https://tass.com/defense/1390859">Archived</a> from the original on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russian+sub+live-fires+Kalibr+cruise+missile+from+submerged+position+in+Sea+of+Japan+-+Military+%26+Defense&rft.pub=TASS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftass.com%2Fdefense%2F1390859&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vpk.name/en/575181_crews-of-anti-submarine-aircraft-of-the-pacific-fleet-performed-training-flights-over-the-sea-of-okhotsk.html">"Crews of anti-submarine aircraft of the Pacific Fleet performed training flights over the Sea of Okhotsk - ВПК.name"</a>. Vpk.name. 28 January 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128165404/https://vpk.name/en/575181_crews-of-anti-submarine-aircraft-of-the-pacific-fleet-performed-training-flights-over-the-sea-of-okhotsk.html">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2022. Retrieved 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Crews+of+anti-submarine+aircraft+of+the+Pacific+Fleet+performed+training+flights+over+the+Sea+of+Okhotsk+-+%D0%92%D0%9F%D0%9A.name&rft.pub=Vpk.name&rft.date=2022-01-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvpk.name%2Fen%2F575181_crews-of-anti-submarine-aircraft-of-the-pacific-fleet-performed-training-flights-over-the-sea-of-okhotsk.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.interfax.ru/russia/818021"><bdi lang="ru">Корабли Балтфлота вышли в море на крупные учения</bdi></a> [Baltic Fleet ships set out to sea for major exercises] (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Interfax" title="Interfax">Interfax</a>. 24 January 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220126111150/https://www.interfax.ru/russia/818021">Archived</a> from the original on 26 January 2022. Retrieved 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%B2+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F&rft.date=2022-01-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.interfax.ru%2Frussia%2F818021&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bastion-karpenko.ru/">"BASTION, MILITARY-TECHNICAL COLLECTION. MILITARY-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX NEWS, HISTORY OF WEAPONS, MILITARY EQUIPMENT"</a>. Bastion-karpenko.ru (in Russian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210622223103/http://bastion-karpenko.ru/">Archived</a> from the original on 22 June 2021. Retrieved 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bastion-karpenko.ru&rft.atitle=BASTION%2C+MILITARY-TECHNICAL+COLLECTION.+MILITARY-INDUSTRIAL+COMPLEX+NEWS%2C+HISTORY+OF+WEAPONS%2C+MILITARY+EQUIPMENT&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbastion-karpenko.ru%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://regnum.ru/news/polit/3487551.html"><bdi lang="ru">Корабли Балтийского флота провели успешные артиллерийские стрельбы</bdi></a> [Baltic Fleet ships conducted successful artillery firing] (in Russian). IA <a href="/wiki/REGNUM_News_Agency" title="REGNUM News Agency">REGNUM News Agency</a>. 26 January 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220126111150/https://regnum.ru/news/polit/3487551.html">Archived</a> from the original on 26 January 2022. 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Russianfleetanalysis.blogspot.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128165359/https://russianfleetanalysis.blogspot.com/2022/01/russian-forces-in-mediterranean-wk032022.html">Archived</a> from the original on 28 January 2022. Retrieved 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russian+forces+in+the+Mediterranean+-+Wk03%2F2022&rft.pub=Russianfleetanalysis.blogspot.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frussianfleetanalysis.blogspot.com%2F2022%2F01%2Frussian-forces-in-mediterranean-wk032022.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.com/defense/1393273">"Over 20 Russian Black Sea Fleet's warships deploy to sea for drills - Military & Defense"</a>. TASS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220126111151/https://tass.com/defense/1393273">Archived</a> from the original on 26 January 2022. 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Retrieved 26 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=thebarentsobserver.com&rft.atitle=Large+Russian+missile+cruiser+sails+Varanger+fjord+close+to+Norway%27s+border&rft.date=2021-02-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthebarentsobserver.com%2Fen%2Fsecurity%2F2021%2F02%2Flarge-russian-missile-cruiser-sails-varanger-fjord&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thebarentsobserver.com/en/security/2021/03/us-b-1-bomber-makes-first-landing-inside-norways-arctic-circle">"U.S. B-1 bomber makes first landing inside Norway's Arctic Circle | The Independent Barents Observer"</a>. Thebarentsobserver.com. 9 March 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220127090610/https://thebarentsobserver.com/en/security/2021/03/us-b-1-bomber-makes-first-landing-inside-norways-arctic-circle">Archived</a> from the original on 27 January 2022. Retrieved 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+B-1+bomber+makes+first+landing+inside+Norway%27s+Arctic+Circle+%26%23124%3B+The+Independent+Barents+Observer&rft.pub=Thebarentsobserver.com&rft.date=2021-03-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthebarentsobserver.com%2Fen%2Fsecurity%2F2021%2F03%2Fus-b-1-bomber-makes-first-landing-inside-norways-arctic-circle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://structure.mil.ru/structure/forces/navy/news/more.htm?id=12339995@egNews">"Большой противолодочный корабль Северного флота "Североморск" вышел в Баренцево море для выполнения учебно-боевых задач"</a>. mil.ru (in Russian). 21 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210206070250/https://structure.mil.ru/structure/forces/navy/news/more.htm?id=12339995@egNews">Archived</a> from the original on 6 February 2021. Retrieved 20 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mil.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8C+%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0+%22%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%22+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB+%D0%B2+%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5+%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87&rft.date=2021-01-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstructure.mil.ru%2Fstructure%2Fforces%2Fnavy%2Fnews%2Fmore.htm%3Fid%3D12339995%40egNews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://structure.mil.ru/structure/forces/navy/news/more.htm?id=12345054@egNews">"Фрегат "Адмирал Горшков" вышел в Баренцево море для выполнения учебно-боевых задач"</a>. mil.ru (in Russian). 19 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210227012427/https://structure.mil.ru/structure/forces/navy/news/more.htm?id=12345054@egNews">Archived</a> from the original on 27 February 2021. Retrieved 20 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mil.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82+%22%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB+%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%22+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB+%D0%B2+%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5+%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87&rft.date=2021-01-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstructure.mil.ru%2Fstructure%2Fforces%2Fnavy%2Fnews%2Fmore.htm%3Fid%3D12345054%40egNews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/10635379">"Подлодка "Северодвинск" поразила "Калибром" учебную береговую цель в Архангельской области"</a>. tass.ru (in Russian). 5 February 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210216101027/https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/10635379">Archived</a> from the original on 16 February 2021. Retrieved 20 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tass.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0+%22%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%22+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0+%22%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%22+%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8E+%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%8E+%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C+%D0%B2+%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8&rft.date=2021-02-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftass.ru%2Farmiya-i-opk%2F10635379&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://function.mil.ru/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12334199@egNews">"Малый ракетный корабль Северного флота "Айсберг" вышел в Баренцево море для отработки учебно-боевых задач"</a>. mil.ru (in Russian). 11 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308121736/https://function.mil.ru/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12334199@egNews">Archived</a> from the original on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 20 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mil.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8C+%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0+%22%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%22+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB+%D0%B2+%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5+%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F+%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%87&rft.date=2021-01-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffunction.mil.ru%2Fnews_page%2Fcountry%2Fmore.htm%3Fid%3D12334199%40egNews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://function.mil.ru/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12334882@egNews">"Малый противолодочный корабль "Снежногорск" вышел в Баренцево море для выполнения артиллерийских стрельб"</a>. mil.ru (in Russian). 15 January 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211020235521/https://function.mil.ru/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12334882@egNews">Archived</a> from the original on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 20 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mil.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8C+%22%D0%A1%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%22+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB+%D0%B2+%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5+%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1&rft.date=2021-01-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffunction.mil.ru%2Fnews_page%2Fcountry%2Fmore.htm%3Fid%3D12334882%40egNews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://structure.mil.ru/structure/okruga/north/news/more.htm?id=12344088@egNews">"Противолодочные корабли Северного флота отработают поиск подводных лодок в Баренцевом море"</a>. mil.ru (in Russian). 14 February 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220126082047/https://structure.mil.ru/structure/okruga/north/news/more.htm?id=12344088@egNews">Archived</a> from the original on 26 January 2022. Retrieved 20 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mil.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%82+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA+%D0%B2+%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5&rft.date=2021-02-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstructure.mil.ru%2Fstructure%2Fokruga%2Fnorth%2Fnews%2Fmore.htm%3Fid%3D12344088%40egNews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portnews.ru/news/309194/">"Спасатели Северного флота провели тренировку с экипажем глубоководного аппарата АС-34"</a>. portnews.ru (in Russian). 20 February 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210302075030/https://portnews.ru/news/309194/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 March 2021. Retrieved 26 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=portnews.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D1%83+%D1%81+%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BC+%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%90%D0%A1-34&rft.date=2021-02-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportnews.ru%2Fnews%2F309194%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210929174335/https://www.korabel.ru/news/comments/bpk_severnogo_flota_vice-admiral_kulakov_sovershil_delovoy_zahod_v_kabo-verde.html">"БПК Северного флота Вице-адмирал Кулаков совершил деловой заход в Кабо-Верде"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.korabel.ru/news/comments/bpk_severnogo_flota_vice-admiral_kulakov_sovershil_delovoy_zahod_v_kabo-verde.html">the original</a> on 29 September 2021. Retrieved 29 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%91%D0%9F%D0%9A+%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5-%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB+%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BB+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4+%D0%B2+%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE-%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.korabel.ru%2Fnews%2Fcomments%2Fbpk_severnogo_flota_vice-admiral_kulakov_sovershil_delovoy_zahod_v_kabo-verde.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tass.com/defense/1348815">"Russian Navy warships hold anti-piracy drills in Gulf of Guinea in eastern Atlantic"</a>. TASS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211013100525/https://tass.com/defense/1348815">Archived</a> from the original on 13 October 2021. Retrieved 13 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TASS&rft.atitle=Russian+Navy+warships+hold+anti-piracy+drills+in+Gulf+of+Guinea+in+eastern+Atlantic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftass.com%2Fdefense%2F1348815&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141104101337/http://www.defense-update.com/analysis/analysis_091207_navy.htm">"Russian Mediterranean Naval Build-Up Challenges NATO Sixth Fleet Domination"</a>. Defense Update. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defense-update.com/analysis/analysis_091207_navy.htm">the original</a> on 4 November 2014. Retrieved 14 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russian+Mediterranean+Naval+Build-Up+Challenges+NATO+Sixth+Fleet+Domination&rft.pub=Defense+Update&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defense-update.com%2Fanalysis%2Fanalysis_091207_navy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20081011/wl_mideast_afp/russialibyamilitaryvenezueladiplomacy_081011173147">Yahoo News</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:AWNB:null&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=146578920250F0F8&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggdocs&req_dat=787B728BE4FF4EEE919E134595DD9ADE">"Russian Pacific Fleet Warships Enter Mediterranean Waters for the 1st Time in Decades"</a>. Retrieved 14 December 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Russian+Pacific+Fleet+Warships+Enter+Mediterranean+Waters+for+the+1st+Time+in+Decades&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdocs.newsbank.com%2Fopenurl%3Fctx_ver%3Dz39.88-2004%26rft_id%3Dinfo%3Asid%2Fiw.newsbank.com%3AAWNB%3Anull%26rft_val_format%3Dinfo%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx%26rft_dat%3D146578920250F0F8%26svc_dat%3DInfoWeb%3Aaggdocs%26req_dat%3D787B728BE4FF4EEE919E134595DD9ADE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> Interfax, Moscow 1031 GMT 8 May 13 </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> Interfax-AVN, Moscow 0905 GMT 14 May 13 </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docs.newsbank.com/openurl?ctx_ver=z39.88-2004&rft_id=info:sid/iw.newsbank.com:AWNB:BBAB&rft_val_format=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rft_dat=146684337345CF08&svc_dat=InfoWeb:aggdocs&req_dat=787B728BE4FF4EEE919E134595DD9ADE">"Russian warship heading for Atlantic after exercise with Norway"</a>. 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Retrieved 22 August 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Big+Russian+flotilla+led+by+Admiral+Kuznetsov+carrier+heads+for+Syrian+port&rft.date=2008-08-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.debka.com%2Fheadline.php%3Fhid%3D5526&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haa-151"><a href="#cite_ref-Haa_151-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1020643.html">"Syria and Russia strengthen naval cooperation"</a> <a href="/wiki/Information_Telegraph_Agency_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Information Telegraph Agency of Russia">Itar-Tass</a> news agency via <a href="/wiki/Haaretz" title="Haaretz">Haaretz</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.pravda.ru/hotspots/terror/30-11-2011/119791-Russia_sent_military_ships_to_Syria-0/">the original</a> on 1 December 2011. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://af.reuters.com/article/egyptNews/idAFL5E7MS1XT20111128?sp=true">the original</a> on 29 November 2011. 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Retrieved 25 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=interfax.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%92+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82+%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%2C+%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B5+%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8F+%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%92%D0%9C%D0%A4+%D0%A0%D0%A4%2C+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BB+%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8C&rft.date=2021-04-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.interfax.ru%2Fworld%2F763841&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.defenseworld.net/news/29534/Russian_Warships_Visit_Port_Sudan_amidst_Reports_of_Khartoum_Suspending_Naval_Base_Deal#.YNW9U-gzYww">"Russian Warships Visit Port Sudan amidst Reports of Khartoum Suspending Naval Base Deal"</a>. defenseworld.net. 8 May 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210625113425/https://www.defenseworld.net/news/29534/Russian_Warships_Visit_Port_Sudan_amidst_Reports_of_Khartoum_Suspending_Naval_Base_Deal#.YNW9U-gzYww">Archived</a> from the original on 25 June 2021. Retrieved 25 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=defenseworld.net&rft.atitle=Russian+Warships+Visit+Port+Sudan+amidst+Reports+of+Khartoum+Suspending+Naval+Base+Deal&rft.date=2021-05-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.defenseworld.net%2Fnews%2F29534%2FRussian_Warships_Visit_Port_Sudan_amidst_Reports_of_Khartoum_Suspending_Naval_Base_Deal%23.YNW9U-gzYww&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://russianfleetanalysis.blogspot.com/2021/11/russian-forces-in-mediterranean-wk462021.html">"Russian forces in the Mediterranean - Wk46/2021"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211120103805/https://russianfleetanalysis.blogspot.com/2021/11/russian-forces-in-mediterranean-wk462021.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 November 2021. 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Отряд кораблей Тихоокеанского флота в составе большого противолодочного корабля «Адмирал Виноградов» и танкера «Борис Бутома» закончил патрулирование в районе Африканского рога</a> [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍]. Morskayakollegiya.ru (30 August 2010). Retrieved on 9 September 2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305190946/http://news.infobot.ru/detail/124000161100000325815.html">"БПК "Адмирал Виноградов" возвращается во Владивосток"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.news.infobot.ru/detail/124000161100000325815.html">the original</a> on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 8 October 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%91%D0%9F%D0%9A+%22%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB+%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%22+%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8F+%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.news.infobot.ru%2Fdetail%2F124000161100000325815.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.russkie.org/index.php?module=fullitem&id=15942">"Адмирал Пантелеев" вернулся во Владивосток после успешно выполненной миссии -Русское зарубежье, российские соотечественники, русские за границей, русские за рубежом, соотечественники, русскоязычное население, русские общины, диаспора, эмиграция</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110720010631/http://www.russkie.org/index.php?module=fullitem&id=15942">Archived</a> 20 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. 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Retrieved 26 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vietnamese+warship+participates+in+ASEAN+-+Russia+naval+drills+-+VnExpress+International&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fe.vnexpress.net%2Fnews%2Fnews%2Fvietnamese-warship-participates-in-asean-russia-naval-drills-4393967.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indianarrative.com/world-news/stage-set-for-first-ever-russia-asean-navy-exercise-in-indonesian-waters-131758.html">"Stage set for first-ever Russia-ASEAN navy exercise in Indonesian waters"</a>. indianarrative.com. 30 November 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211201183505/https://www.indianarrative.com/world-news/stage-set-for-first-ever-russia-asean-navy-exercise-in-indonesian-waters-131758.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=indianarrative.com&rft.atitle=Stage+set+for+first-ever+Russia-ASEAN+navy+exercise+in+Indonesian+waters&rft.date=2021-11-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indianarrative.com%2Fworld-news%2Fstage-set-for-first-ever-russia-asean-navy-exercise-in-indonesian-waters-131758.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalunsod2021" class="citation web cs1">Calunsod, Ronron (1 December 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/12/01/21/ph-virtually-joins-asean-russia-naval-drills">"PH virtually joins first ever ASEAN-Russia naval drills being held in Indonesia"</a>. ABS-CBN News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211201195016/https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/12/01/21/ph-virtually-joins-asean-russia-naval-drills">Archived</a> from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 1 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABS-CBN+News&rft.atitle=PH+virtually+joins+first+ever+ASEAN-Russia+naval+drills+being+held+in+Indonesia&rft.date=2021-12-01&rft.aulast=Calunsod&rft.aufirst=Ronron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.abs-cbn.com%2Fnews%2F12%2F01%2F21%2Fph-virtually-joins-asean-russia-naval-drills&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARussian+Navy" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li>Lebedev A.A. To March and Battle Ready? The Combat Capabilities of Naval Squadrons Russian Sailing Fleet XVIII – mid XIX centuries. from the Point of View of the Status of Their Personnel. SPb, 2015. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-5-904180-94-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-5-904180-94-2">978-5-904180-94-2</a>.</li> <li>Reuben Johnson, "Russian Navy 'faces irreversible collapse,'" <a href="/wiki/Jane%27s_Defence_Weekly" title="Jane's Defence Weekly">Jane's Defence Weekly</a>, 15 July 2009, and link to original Russian article at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nvo.ng.ru/realty/2009-07-03/1_vmf.html">ВМФ умрет в ближайшие годы</a>. Nvo.ng.ru (2009-07-03). Retrieved on 2010-09-09.</li> <li>"Russia Will Not Build Aircraft Carriers Till 2010." <a href="/wiki/RIA_Novosti" title="RIA Novosti">RIA Novosti</a>. 16 May 2005. (Via Lexis-Nexis, 27 July 2005).</li> <li>"The Russian Navy – A Historic Transition." U.S. Office of Naval Intelligence. December 2015 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.oni.navy.mil/Portals/12/Intel%20agencies/russia/Russia%202015print.pdf?ver=2015-12-14-082038-923">[1]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Soviet_Navy" title="Soviet Navy">Soviet</a> and <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russian</a> ship classes after 1945</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">Aircraft carriers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moskva-class_helicopter_carrier" title="Moskva-class helicopter carrier">Moskva</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Project_1160_aircraft_carrier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Project 1160 aircraft carrier (page does not exist)">Project 1160</a>P X</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_1153_Orel" title="Project 1153 Orel">OREL</a>P X</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiev-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Kiev-class aircraft carrier">Kiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuznetsov-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Kuznetsov-class aircraft carrier">Kuznetsov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_aircraft_carrier_Ulyanovsk" title="Soviet aircraft carrier Ulyanovsk">Ulyanovsk</a>X</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_23000_aircraft_carrier" title="Project 23000 aircraft carrier">Project 23000</a>P</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Project_LMA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Project LMA (page does not exist)">Project LMA</a>P</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Battlecruiser" title="Battlecruiser">Battlecruisers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stalingrad-class_battlecruiser" title="Stalingrad-class battlecruiser">Stalingrad</a>X</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirov-class_battlecruiser" title="Kirov-class battlecruiser">Kirov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Cruiser" title="Cruiser">Cruisers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sverdlov-class_cruiser" title="Sverdlov-class cruiser">Sverdlov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kynda-class_cruiser" title="Kynda-class cruiser">Kynda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kresta_I-class_cruiser" title="Kresta I-class cruiser">Kresta I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kresta_II-class_cruiser" title="Kresta II-class cruiser">Kresta II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kara-class_cruiser" title="Kara-class cruiser">Kara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slava-class_cruiser" title="Slava-class cruiser">Slava</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Project_22350MK-class_cruiser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Project 22350MK-class cruiser (page does not exist)">Project 22350MK</a>P</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Project_21956MK-class_cruiser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Project 21956MK-class cruiser (page does not exist)">Project 21956MK</a>P</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_23560" class="mw-redirect" title="Project 23560">Project 23560</a> Skval</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Destroyer" title="Destroyer">Destroyers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skory-class_destroyer" title="Skory-class destroyer">Skory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neustrashimy-class_destroyer" class="mw-redirect" title="Neustrashimy-class destroyer">Neustrashimy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotlin-class_destroyer" title="Kotlin-class destroyer">Kotlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kildin-class_destroyer" title="Kildin-class destroyer">Kildin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanin-class_destroyer" title="Kanin-class destroyer">Krupny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanin-class_destroyer" title="Kanin-class destroyer">Kanin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashin-class_destroyer" title="Kashin-class destroyer">Kashin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovremenny-class_destroyer" title="Sovremenny-class destroyer">Sovremenny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udaloy-class_destroyer" title="Udaloy-class destroyer">Udaloy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Project_22350M-class_destroyer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Project 22350M-class destroyer (page does not exist)">Project 22350M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_21956-class_destroyer" class="mw-redirect" title="Project 21956-class destroyer">Project 21956</a>P</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Frigate" 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class="mw-redirect" title="Admiral Grigorovich-class frigate">Admiral Grigorovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiral_Gorshkov-class_frigate" class="mw-redirect" title="Admiral Gorshkov-class frigate">Admiral Gorshkov</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rusich-1-class_frigate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rusich-1-class frigate (page does not exist)">Rusich-1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Corvette" title="Corvette">Corvettes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poti-class_corvette" title="Poti-class corvette">Poti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauk-class_corvette" title="Pauk-class corvette">Pauk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parchim-class_corvette" title="Parchim-class corvette">Parchim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanuchka-class_corvette" title="Nanuchka-class corvette">Nanuchka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarantul-class_corvette" title="Tarantul-class corvette">Tarantul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bora-class_corvette" title="Bora-class corvette">Bora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grisha-class_corvette" title="Grisha-class corvette">Grisha</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mukha-class_corvette&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mukha-class corvette (page does not exist)">Mukha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buyan-class_corvette" title="Buyan-class corvette">Buyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steregushchiy-class_corvette" title="Steregushchiy-class corvette">Steregushchiy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gremyashchiy-class_corvette" title="Gremyashchiy-class corvette">Gremyashchiy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakurt-class_corvette" title="Karakurt-class corvette">Karakurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derzky-class_corvette" class="mw-redirect" title="Derzky-class corvette">Derzky</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Briz-class_corvette&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Briz-class corvette (page does not exist)">Briz</a>P</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rusich-1500-class_corvette&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rusich-1500-class corvette (page does not exist)">Rusich-1500</a>P</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Patrol_boat" title="Patrol boat">P</a> / <a href="/wiki/Missile_boat" title="Missile boat">M</a> / <a href="/wiki/Torpedo_boat" title="Torpedo boat">T boats</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kronshtadt-class_submarine_chaser" title="Kronshtadt-class submarine chaser">Kronshtadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P_6-class_torpedo_boat" title="P 6-class torpedo boat">P 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P_4-class_torpedo_boat" title="P 4-class torpedo boat">Pr 123K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komar-class_missile_boat" title="Komar-class missile boat">Komar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osa-class_missile_boat" title="Osa-class missile boat">Osa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shershen-class_torpedo_boat" title="Shershen-class torpedo boat">Shershen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stenka-class_patrol_boat" title="Stenka-class patrol boat">Stenka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turya-class_torpedo_boat" title="Turya-class torpedo boat">Turya</a></li> <li>Pr 1204 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shmel-class_patrol_boat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shmel-class patrol boat (page does not exist)">Shmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuk-class_patrol_boat" title="Zhuk-class patrol boat">Zhuk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mukha-class_patrol_boat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mukha-class patrol boat (page does not exist)">Mukha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matka-class_missile_boat" title="Matka-class missile boat">Matka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muravey-class_patrol_boat" title="Muravey-class patrol boat">Muravey</a>BG</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarancha-class_missile_boat" title="Sarancha-class missile boat">Sarancha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svetlyak-class_patrol_boat" title="Svetlyak-class patrol boat">Svetlyak</a>BG</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubin-class_patrol_boat" title="Rubin-class patrol boat">Rubin</a>BG</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_22160-class_patrol_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Project 22160-class patrol ship">Project 22160</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_23550-class_patrol_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Project 23550-class patrol ship">Project 23550</a></li> <li>Pr 03160 <a href="/wiki/Raptor-class_patrol_boat" title="Raptor-class patrol boat">Raptor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Briz-class_patrol_ship&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Briz-class patrol ship (page does not exist)">Briz</a>P</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okean-class_patrol_ship" title="Okean-class patrol ship">Okean</a>BG</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rusich-2400-class_patrol_ship&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rusich-2400-class patrol ship (page does not exist)">Rusich-2400</a>P</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muravey-class_patrol_boat" title="Muravey-class patrol boat">Pr 133RA</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antares-RA-class_patrol_ship&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antares-RA-class patrol ship (page does not exist)">Antares-RA</a></li> <li>Pr 21980 <a href="/wiki/Grachonok-class_anti-saboteur_ship" title="Grachonok-class anti-saboteur ship">Grachonok</a></li> <li>Pr 12260 Yastreb</li> <li>Pr 14310 Mirazh</li> <li>Pr 12150 Mangusta</li> <li>Pr 02800 DShL</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Minesweeper" title="Minesweeper">Minesweepers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T43-class_minesweeper" title="T43-class minesweeper">T43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T58-class_minesweeper" title="T58-class minesweeper">T58</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yurka-class_minesweeper" title="Yurka-class minesweeper">Yurka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natya-class_minesweeper" title="Natya-class minesweeper">Natya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorya-class_minesweeper" title="Gorya-class minesweeper">Gorya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasha-class_minesweeper" title="Sasha-class minesweeper">Sasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanya-class_minesweeper" title="Vanya-class minesweeper">Vanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhenya-class_minesweeper" title="Zhenya-class minesweeper">Zhenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonya-class_minesweeper" title="Sonya-class minesweeper">Sonya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevgenya-class_minesweeper" title="Yevgenya-class minesweeper">Yevgenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandrit-class_minesweeper" title="Alexandrit-class minesweeper">Alexandrit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lida-class_minesweeper" title="Lida-class minesweeper">Lida</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_warfare_ship" title="Amphibious warfare ship">Amphibious ships</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nosorog-class_tank_landing_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Nosorog-class tank landing ship">Nosorog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapir-class_landing_ship" title="Tapir-class landing ship">Tapir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ropucha-class_landing_ship" title="Ropucha-class landing ship">Ropucha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polnocny-class_landing_ship" title="Polnocny-class landing ship">Polnocny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyugon-class_landing_craft" title="Dyugon-class landing craft">Dyugon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ondatra-class_landing_craft" title="Ondatra-class landing craft">Ondatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serna-class_landing_craft" title="Serna-class landing craft">Serna</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merkuryy_Delfin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merkuryy Delfin (page does not exist)">Merkuryy Delfin</a> LHD HC LAC P X</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Project_10200&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Project 10200 (page does not exist)">Project 10200</a> Khalzan P X</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_11780" title="Project 11780">Project 11780</a>P X</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Gren-class_landing_ship" title="Ivan Gren-class landing ship">Ivan Gren</a> ° Andreev ° Kajman</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_23900_amphibious_assault_ship" title="Project 23900 amphibious assault ship">Priboy</a> P</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_23900_amphibious_assault_ship" title="Project 23900 amphibious assault ship">Lavina</a> P X</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_23900-class_amphibious_assault_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Project 23900-class amphibious assault ship">Project 23900</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Spy_ship" title="Spy ship">Spy ships</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moma-class_survey_ship&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moma-class survey ship (page does not exist)">Moma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marshal_Krylov-class_tracking_ship&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marshal Krylov-class tracking ship (page does not exist)">Marshal Krylov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primor%27ye-class_surveillance_ship" title="Primor'ye-class surveillance ship">Primor'ye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balzam-class_intelligence_ship" title="Balzam-class intelligence ship">Balzam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnya-class_intelligence_ship" title="Vishnya-class intelligence ship">Vishnya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yury_Ivanov-class_intelligence_ship" title="Yury Ivanov-class intelligence ship">Yury Ivanov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Air-cushioned_landing_craft" title="Air-cushioned landing craft">Air-cushioned landing craft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gus-class_LCAC" title="Gus-class LCAC">Gus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebed-class_LCAC" title="Lebed-class LCAC">Lebed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsaplya-class_LCAC" title="Tsaplya-class LCAC">Tsaplya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aist-class_LCAC" title="Aist-class LCAC">Aist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zubr-class_LCAC" title="Zubr-class LCAC">Zubr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czilim-class_hovercraft" title="Czilim-class hovercraft">Czilim</a>BG</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Icebreaker" title="Icebreaker">Icebreaking</a> patrol vessels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Susanin-class_patrol_ship" title="Ivan Susanin-class patrol ship">Ivan Susanin</a>BG</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purga-class_patrol_ship" title="Purga-class patrol ship">Purga</a>BG</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_23550-class_patrol_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Project 23550-class patrol ship">Project 23550</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">Other vessels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_communications_ship_SSV-33" title="Soviet communications ship SSV-33">SSV-33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don-class_submarine_tender" title="Don-class submarine tender">Don</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugra-class_submarine_tender" title="Ugra-class submarine tender">Ugra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smolnyy-class_training_ship" title="Smolnyy-class training ship">Smolnyy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_training_ship_Dunay" title="Soviet training ship Dunay">Dunay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lun-class_ekranoplan" title="Lun-class ekranoplan">Lun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <dl><dt>X</dt> <dd>Cancelled</dd> <dt>BG</dt> <dd>Border Guard service</dd> <dt>P</dt> <dd>Project</dd> <dt>P X</dt> <dd>Project, Cancelled</dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Russian_Armed_Forces" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Template:Armed Forces of the Russian Federation"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Template talk:Armed Forces of the Russian Federation"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Armed Forces of the Russian Federation"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russian_Armed_Forces" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Russian Armed Forces">Russian Armed Forces</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Russia" title="President of Russia">President of Russia</a> as <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Armed Forces">Supreme Commander-in-Chief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Defence_(Russia)" title="Minister of Defence (Russia)">Minister of Defence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Defence (Russia)">Ministry of Defence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_General_Staff_(Russia)" title="Chief of the General Staff (Russia)">Chief of the General Staff and First Deputy Minister of Defence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Staff_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation">General Staff</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces" title="Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces">Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Russian_Navy" title="Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy">Commander-in-Chief of the Navy</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Aerospace_Forces" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Aerospace_Forces" title="Commander-in-Chief of the Aerospace Forces">Commander-in-Chief of the Aerospace Forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Russian_Air_Force" title="Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Air Force">Commander of the Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commander_of_the_Russian_Aerospace_and_Missile_Defence_Forces&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commander of the Russian Aerospace and Missile Defence Forces (page does not exist)">Commander of the Missile Defence Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commander_of_the_Russian_Space_Forces&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commander of the Russian Space Forces (page does not exist)">Commander of the Space Forces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Military" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Military history of the Russian Federation">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_doctrine_of_Russia" title="Military doctrine of Russia">Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_military_bases_abroad" title="List of Russian military bases abroad">Bases abroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_budget_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Military budget of the Russian Federation">Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_military_bands" title="Russian military bands">Bands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russia_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="Russia and weapons of mass destruction">Weapons of mass destruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_emblems_of_the_Ministry_of_Defence_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Awards and emblems of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation">Awards and emblems</a></li> <li>General Staff buildings <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Staff_Building_(Saint_Petersburg)" title="General Staff Building (Saint Petersburg)">Saint Petersburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Staff_Building_(Moscow)" title="General Staff Building (Moscow)">Moscow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Building_of_the_Ministry_of_Defense_(Russia)" title="Main Building of the Ministry of Defense (Russia)">Main Building of the Ministry of Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arms_industry_of_Russia" title="Arms industry of Russia">Defense industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military-Industrial_Commission_of_Russia" title="Military-Industrial Commission of Russia">Military-Industrial Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_war_crimes" title="Russian war crimes">War crimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Uniforms of the Russian Armed Forces">Uniforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_Russia" title="Conscription in Russia">Conscription laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_Russian_and_Soviet_military" title="Women in the Russian and Soviet military">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Culture of the Russian Armed Forces">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honorary_weapons_of_Russia" title="Honorary weapons of Russia">Honorary weapons</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Military_districts_of_Russia" title="Military districts of Russia">Military districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Previous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Volga%E2%80%93Ural_Military_District" title="Volga–Ural Military District">Volga–Ural</a> (<a href="/wiki/Volga_Military_District" title="Volga Military District">Volga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_Military_District" title="Ural Military District">Ural</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Caucasus_Military_District" title="North Caucasus Military District">North Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Military_District" title="Siberian Military District">Siberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_Eastern_Military_District" title="Far Eastern Military District">Far Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad_Special_Region" title="Kaliningrad Special Region">Kaliningrad Special Region</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Military_District" title="Moscow Military District">Moscow</a> <ul><li>HQ: <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leningrad" class="mw-redirect" title="Leningrad">Leningrad</a> <ul><li>HQ: <a href="/wiki/Leningrad" class="mw-redirect" title="Leningrad">Leningrad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Military_District" title="Western Military District">Western</a> <ul><li>HQ: <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Military_District" title="Southern Military District">Southern</a> <ul><li>HQ: <a href="/wiki/Rostov-on-Don" title="Rostov-on-Don">Rostov-on-Don</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_District" title="Central Military District">Central</a> <ul><li>HQ: <a href="/wiki/Yekaterinburg" title="Yekaterinburg">Yekaterinburg</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Military_District" title="Eastern Military District">Eastern</a> <ul><li>HQ: <a href="/wiki/Khabarovsk" title="Khabarovsk">Khabarovsk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Military_District_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Military District (Russia)">Northern</a> <ul><li>HQ: <a href="/wiki/Severomorsk" title="Severomorsk">Severomorsk</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Fleets of the Navy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_Fleet" title="Baltic Fleet">Baltic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Flotilla" title="Caspian Flotilla">Caspian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Fleet" title="Northern Fleet">Northern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean_Flotilla" title="Arctic Ocean Flotilla">Arctic Ocean Flotilla</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Fleet_(Russia)" title="Pacific Fleet (Russia)">Pacific</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kamchatka_Flotilla" title="Kamchatka Flotilla">Kamchatka Flotilla</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Military ranks and insignia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Army ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation">Ground Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_and_insignia_of_the_Russian_Federation%27s_armed_forces_1994%E2%80%932010" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation's armed forces 1994–2010">Armed Forces 1994–2010</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ground_Forces_troops" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Ground_Forces" title="Russian Ground Forces">Ground Forces</a> troops</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Defence_Troops_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces" title="Air Defence Troops of the Russian Ground Forces">Air Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Missile_Troops_and_Artillery" title="Russian Missile Troops and Artillery">Missile Troops and Artillery‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Engineer_Troops" title="Russian Engineer Troops">Engineer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Signal_Troops" title="Russian Signal Troops">Signal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Tank_Troops" title="Russian Tank Troops">Tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_NBC_Protection_Troops" title="Russian NBC Protection Troops">NBC Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topographic_Service_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Topographic Service of the Russian Armed Forces">Topographic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ensign_of_the_Russian_Navy" title="Ensign of the Russian Navy">Ensign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_Troops_of_the_Russian_Navy" title="Coastal Troops of the Russian Navy">Coastal Troops</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Naval_Infantry" title="Russian Naval Infantry">Infantry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_commando_frogmen" title="Russian commando frogmen">Commando Frogmen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Naval_Aviation" title="Russian Naval Aviation">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Hydrographic_Service" title="Russian Hydrographic Service">Hydrography</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Forces">Aerospace Forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Air_Force" title="Russian Air Force">Air Force</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long-Range_Aviation" title="Long-Range Aviation">Long-Range Aviation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_and_Missile_Defense_Forces" title="Air and Missile Defense Forces">Air and Missile Defense Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Space_Forces" title="Russian Space Forces">Space Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Defence_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Defence Forces">Aerospace Defence Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Radio-Technical_Troops" title="Russian Radio-Technical Troops">Radio-Technical Troops</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spetsnaz" title="Spetsnaz">Special Forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Forces_(Russia)" title="Special Operations Forces (Russia)">Special Operations Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Forces_of_the_Main_Directorate_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Forces of the Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces">Special Forces of the Main Directorate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reserve_of_the_Supreme_High_Command" title="Reserve of the Supreme High Command">Reserve of the Supreme High Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BARS_(Russia)" title="BARS (Russia)">BARS</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Independent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Airborne_Forces" title="Russian Airborne Forces">Airborne Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Rocket_Forces" title="Strategic Rocket Forces">Strategic Rocket Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Electronic_Warfare_Troops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russian Electronic Warfare Troops (page does not exist)">Electronic Warfare Troops</a></li> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Logistical_Support_troops" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Logistical_Support_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Logistical Support of the Russian Armed Forces">Logistical Support</a> troops</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Road_Troops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russian Road Troops (page does not exist)">Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Railway_Troops" title="Russian Railway Troops">Railway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Departments in the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Defence (Russia)">Ministry of Defence</a> and <a href="/wiki/General_Staff_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation">General Staff</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GRU_(Russian_Federation)" title="GRU (Russian Federation)">Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces (GRU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Operational_Directorate_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Main Operational Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces">Main Operational Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Organizational-Mobilizational_Directorate_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Main Organizational-Mobilizational Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces">Main Organizational-Mobilizational Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Management_Center" title="National Defense Management Center">National Defense Management Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Military-Political_Directorate_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Main Military-Political Directorate of the Russian Armed Forces">Main Military-Political Directorate of the Russian Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Band_Service_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Russia" title="Military Band Service of the Armed Forces of Russia">Military Band Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Police_(Russia)" title="Military Police (Russia)">Main Directorate of Military Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRAU" class="mw-redirect" title="GRAU">Main Missile and Artillery Directorate (GRAU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Chief_Directorate" title="12th Chief Directorate">12th Chief Directorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Agency_of_Automobiles_and_Tanks_of_the_Ministry_of_Defense_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Main Agency of Automobiles and Tanks of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation">Main Agency of Automobiles and Tanks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Military_Medical_Directorate_(Russia)" title="Main Military Medical Directorate (Russia)">Main Military Medical Directorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnaya_Zvezda" title="Krasnaya Zvezda">Krasnaya Zvezda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Television_and_Radio_Studio_of_the_Russian_Ministry_of_Defence" title="Central Television and Radio Studio of the Russian Ministry of Defence">Central Television and Radio Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rear_of_the_Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Rear of the Russian Armed Forces">Rear of the Russian Armed Forces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_Russian_Ground_Forces" title="List of equipment of the Russian Ground Forces">Ground Forces' equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_Russian_military_aircraft" title="List of active Russian military aircraft">Air Forces' equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_Russian_Navy_ships" title="List of active Russian Navy ships">Navy ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_of_the_Russian_Navy" title="Future of the Russian Navy">Future of the Russian Navy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Military academy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Previous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cadet_Corps_(Russia)" title="Cadet Corps (Russia)">Cadet Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Cadet_Corps_(Russia)" title="Naval Cadet Corps (Russia)">Naval Cadet Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Page_Corps" title="Page Corps">Page Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_departments_of_civilian_universities_(Soviet_Union_and_post-Soviet_area)" title="Military departments of civilian universities (Soviet Union and post-Soviet area)">Military departments of civilian universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_education_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Military education in the Soviet Union">Military academies in the Soviet Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_Academy_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Russia" title="Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Russia">Military Academy of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_academies_in_Russia" title="Military academies in Russia">Military academies in Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suvorov_Military_School" title="Suvorov Military School">Suvorov Military School</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_training_centers_of_civilian_universities_(Russia)" title="Military training centers of civilian universities (Russia)">Military training centers of civilian universities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Black_Sea_Naval_Co-operation_Task_Group_(BLACKSEAFOR)" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link 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style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Azerbaijani_Navy_badge.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Azerbaijani_Navy_badge.svg/15px-Azerbaijani_Navy_badge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Azerbaijani_Navy_badge.svg/23px-Azerbaijani_Navy_badge.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Azerbaijani_Navy_badge.svg/30px-Azerbaijani_Navy_badge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_Navy" title="Azerbaijani Navy">Azerbaijani Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-vmsrk.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Emblem-vmsrk.svg/15px-Emblem-vmsrk.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Emblem-vmsrk.svg/23px-Emblem-vmsrk.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Emblem-vmsrk.svg/30px-Emblem-vmsrk.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Naval_Forces" title="Kazakh Naval Forces">Kazakh Naval Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/15px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/23px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg/30px-Great_emblem_of_the_Russian_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="573" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russian Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Naval_Ensign_of_Uzbekistan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Naval_Ensign_of_Uzbekistan.svg/15px-Naval_Ensign_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Naval_Ensign_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Naval_Ensign_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Naval_Ensign_of_Uzbekistan.svg/30px-Naval_Ensign_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan_Naval_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Uzbekistan Naval Forces">Uzbekistan Naval Forces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Associate</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Naval_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Naval_Forces.svg/15px-Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Naval_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Naval_Forces.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Naval_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Naval_Forces.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Turkmen_Naval_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Naval_Forces" title="Turkmen Naval Forces">Turkmen Naval Forces</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Former</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/File:Georgia_navy_flag.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Georgia_navy_flag.JPG/15px-Georgia_navy_flag.JPG" decoding="async" width="15" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Georgia_navy_flag.JPG/23px-Georgia_navy_flag.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Georgia_navy_flag.JPG/30px-Georgia_navy_flag.JPG 2x" data-file-width="323" data-file-height="216" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Georgian_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgian Navy">Georgian Navy</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Ukrainian_Navy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Emblem_of_the_Ukrainian_Navy.svg/15px-Emblem_of_the_Ukrainian_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Emblem_of_the_Ukrainian_Navy.svg/23px-Emblem_of_the_Ukrainian_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Emblem_of_the_Ukrainian_Navy.svg/30px-Emblem_of_the_Ukrainian_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Navy" title="Ukrainian Navy">Ukrainian Navy</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_Soviet_Navy" title="List of ships of the Soviet Navy">List of ships of the Soviet Navy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Navies_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Navies_in_Europe" title="Template:Navies in Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Navies_in_Europe" title="Template talk:Navies in Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Navies_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Navies in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Navies_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Navy" title="Navy">Navies</a> in Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Naval_Force" title="Albanian Naval Force">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_Navy" title="Azerbaijani Navy">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Navy" title="Belgian Navy">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Navy" title="Bulgarian Navy">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Navy" title="Croatian Navy">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Navy" title="Cyprus Navy">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Navy" title="Royal Danish Navy">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Navy" title="Estonian Navy">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Navy" title="Finnish Navy">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Navy" title="French Navy">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_of_Georgia" title="Coast Guard of Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Navy" title="German Navy">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Navy" title="Hellenic Navy">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Coast_Guard" title="Icelandic Coast Guard">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Naval_Service" title="Irish Naval Service">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Navy" title="Italian Navy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Naval_Forces" title="Kazakh Naval Forces">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Naval_Forces" title="Latvian Naval Forces">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Naval_Force" title="Lithuanian Naval Force">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Squadron_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Malta" title="Maritime Squadron of the Armed Forces of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_Navy" title="Montenegrin Navy">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Navy" title="Royal Netherlands Navy">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Norwegian_Navy" title="Royal Norwegian Navy">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Navy" title="Polish Navy">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Navy" title="Portuguese Navy">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Naval_Forces" title="Romanian Naval Forces">Romania</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_River_Flotilla" title="Serbian River Flotilla">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Navy" title="Slovenian Navy">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Navy" title="Spanish Navy">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Navy" title="Swedish Navy">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Naval_Forces" title="Turkish Naval Forces">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Navy" title="Ukrainian Navy">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazian_Navy" title="Abkhazian Navy">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRNC_Coast_Guard_Command" title="TRNC Coast Guard Command">Northern Cyprus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_sovereign_states" title="List of former sovereign states">Historical states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Navy" title="Austro-Hungarian Navy">Austria-Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandenburg_Navy" title="Brandenburg Navy">Brandenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_navy" title="Byzantine navy">Byzantine Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_navy" title="Catalan navy">Catalonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Naval_Forces" title="Czechoslovak Naval Forces">Czechoslovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volksmarine" title="Volksmarine">East Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genoese_navy" title="Genoese navy">Genoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reichsflotte" title="Reichsflotte">German Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_German_Navy" title="Imperial German Navy">German Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kriegsmarine" title="Kriegsmarine">Nazi Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_German_Federal_Navy" title="North German Federal Navy">North German Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Navy" title="Ottoman Navy">Ottoman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_Navy" title="Papal Navy">Papal States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussian_Navy" title="Prussian Navy">Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_navy" title="Roman navy">Roman Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Sardinian_Navy" title="Royal Sardinian Navy">Sardinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Scots_Navy" title="Royal Scots Navy">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Navy" title="Soviet Navy">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Marina_(Kingdom_of_the_Two_Sicilies)" title="Real Marina (Kingdom of the Two Sicilies)">Two Sicilies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venetian_navy" title="Venetian navy">Venice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reichsmarine" title="Reichsmarine">Weimar Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Navy" title="Yugoslav Navy">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style 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