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class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Terminologie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terminologie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Terminologie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terminologie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geschiedenis_van_de_Maghreb" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geschiedenis_van_de_Maghreb"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geschiedenis van de Maghreb</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geschiedenis_van_de_Maghreb-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Geschiedenis van de Maghreb-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geschiedenis_van_de_Maghreb-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-De_Maghreb_onder_het_tweede_Franse_koloniale_Rijk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#De_Maghreb_onder_het_tweede_Franse_koloniale_Rijk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>De Maghreb onder het tweede Franse koloniale Rijk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-De_Maghreb_onder_het_tweede_Franse_koloniale_Rijk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unie_van_de_Arabische_Maghreb" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unie_van_de_Arabische_Maghreb"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Unie van de Arabische Maghreb</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unie_van_de_Arabische_Maghreb-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Natuurlijke_kenmerken_van_de_Maghreb" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natuurlijke_kenmerken_van_de_Maghreb"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Natuurlijke kenmerken van de Maghreb</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natuurlijke_kenmerken_van_de_Maghreb-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gelijkenis_tussen_de_bevolking_van_de_Maghreb-landen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gelijkenis_tussen_de_bevolking_van_de_Maghreb-landen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gelijkenis tussen de bevolking van de Maghreb-landen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gelijkenis_tussen_de_bevolking_van_de_Maghreb-landen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultuur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultuur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Cultuur</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cultuur-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Cultuur-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cultuur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Religie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Religie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Taal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trivia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trivia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Trivia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trivia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zie_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zie_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Zie ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zie_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Referenties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Inhoudsopgave" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Maghreb</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 101 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-101" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">101 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Magreb" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="المغرب العربي – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المغرب العربي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="لمغرب لكبير – Marokkaans Arabisch" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لمغرب لكبير" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Marokkaans Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%89" title="المغرب العربى – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="المغرب العربى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Magreb" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%99%C4%9Frib" title="Məğrib – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Məğrib" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D2%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1" title="Мәғриб – Basjkiers" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мәғриб" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Basjkiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B1" title="Магрыб – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Магрыб" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B1" title="Магрыб – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Магрыб" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1" title="Магреб – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Магреб" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AC" title="মাগরেব – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মাগরেব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magrib" title="Magrib – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Magrib" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magrib" title="Magrib – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Magrib" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%95%D8%BA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%B9%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="مەغریبی عەرەبی – Soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مەغریبی عەرەبی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%9Frib" title="Meğrib – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Meğrib" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AD%CE%BC%CF%80" title="Μαγκρέμπ – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μαγκρέμπ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magrebo" title="Magrebo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Magrebo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Magreb" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magrib" title="Magrib – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Magrib" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Magreb" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="مغرب عربی – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مغرب عربی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magr%C3%A8bo" title="Magrèbo – Arpitaans" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Magrèbo" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Magreb" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Mhagraib" title="An Mhagraib – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Mhagraib" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Magreb" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mager%C3%A9ve" title="Mageréve – Guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mageréve" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%91" title="מגרב – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מגרב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AC" title="मग़रेब – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मग़रेब" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Magreb" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Magreb" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%B2%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A2" title="Մաղրիբ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մաղրիբ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb_(wilayah)" title="Maghreb (wilayah) – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Maghreb (wilayah)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Magreb" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Magreb" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AA%E3%83%96" title="マグリブ – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マグリブ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghribi" title="Maghribi – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Maghribi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="მაღრიბი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მაღრიბი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magribia" title="Magribia – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Magribia" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1" title="Мағриб – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мағриб" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EA%B7%B8%EB%A0%88%EB%B8%8C" title="마그레브 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마그레브" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexrib" title="Mexrib – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mexrib" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1" title="Магриб – Kirgizisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Магриб" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbaria_(Africa)" title="Barbaria (Africa) – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Barbaria (Africa)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magribas" title="Magribas – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Magribas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magriba" title="Magriba – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Magriba" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magreba" title="Magreba – Malagassisch" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Magreba" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagassisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1" title="Магреб – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Магреб" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AC" title="माघरेब – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="माघरेब" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb – Maltees" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Magreb" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gh%C4%85%CC%81%C4%85%CC%81%CA%BCask%CA%BCidii_Bi%C5%82ikahii_Bik%C3%A9yah_(A%C5%82ts%CA%BC%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%A1ztiin)" title="Ghą́ą́ʼaskʼidii Biłikahii Bikéyah (Ałtsʼáʼáztiin) – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Ghą́ą́ʼaskʼidii Biłikahii Bikéyah (Ałtsʼáʼáztiin)" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magr%C3%A8b" title="Magrèb – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Magrèb" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%AC" title="ਮਗ਼ਰਿਬ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਗ਼ਰਿਬ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Papiaments" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiaments" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="المغرب – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="المغرب" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magrebe" title="Magrebe – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Magrebe" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Magreb" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1" title="Магриб – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Магриб" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D2%91%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1" title="Маґреб – Roetheens" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Маґреб" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Roetheens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb – Sardijns" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Magreb" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardijns" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Siciliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Siciliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Magreb" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Magreb" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magrib_(Gobol)" title="Magrib (Gobol) – Somalisch" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Magrib (Gobol)" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magrebi" title="Magrebi – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Magrebi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1" title="Магреб – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Магреб" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghrib" title="Maghrib – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Maghrib" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="மக்ரிபு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மக்ரிபு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%86%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A" title="อัลมัฆริบ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อัลมัฆริบ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Magreb" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%C4%9Frip" title="Mağrip – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mağrip" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D0%B3%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1" title="Мәгъриб – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Мәгъриб" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1" title="Магриб – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Магриб" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="المغرب العربی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="المغرب العربی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mag%CA%BBrib" title="Magʻrib – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Magʻrib" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Venetiaans" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%A0%BC%E9%87%8C%E4%B8%8D" title="马格里不 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="马格里不" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="მაღრიბი – Mingreels" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მაღრიბი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingreels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Maghreb" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E6%A0%BC%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%83" title="馬格里布 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="馬格里布" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li 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lang="nl" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Magrib.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Magrib.png/300px-Magrib.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9f/Magrib.png 1.5x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="216" /></a><figcaption>De Maghreblanden</figcaption></figure> <p>De <b>Maghreb</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabisch" title="Arabisch">Arabisch</a>: المغرب <i>al-Maġrib</i>) is een aanduiding voor het noordwestelijke deel van <a href="/wiki/Afrika_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Afrika (hoofdbetekenis)">Afrika</a>. De regio omvat <a href="/wiki/Libi%C3%AB" title="Libië">Libië</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tunesi%C3%AB" title="Tunesië">Tunesië</a>, <a href="/wiki/Algerije" title="Algerije">Algerije</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marokko" title="Marokko">Marokko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Westelijke_Sahara" title="Westelijke Sahara">Westelijke Sahara</a> en <a href="/wiki/Mauritani%C3%AB" title="Mauritanië">Mauritanië</a>. Deze landen vormen een (inactieve) politieke eenheid, de <i><a href="/wiki/Unie_van_de_Arabische_Maghreb" title="Unie van de Arabische Maghreb">Unie van de Arabische Maghreb</a></i>. </p><p>De Maghreb heeft een eigen identiteit binnen de islamitische wereld, aangezien het overgrote deel van de bevolking van origine <a href="/wiki/Berbers" title="Berbers">Berbers</a> is en over een totaal andere cultuur beschikt dan bijvoorbeeld de Arabieren.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Een van de kenmerken van de Maghreb is dat hier naast de oorspronkelijke taal van de inwoners, het <a href="/wiki/Berbertalen" title="Berbertalen">Berbers</a>, ook <a href="/wiki/Maghrebijns-Arabisch" title="Maghrebijns-Arabisch">Maghrebijnse dialecten</a> van het Arabisch worden gesproken, die onderling doorgaans redelijk verstaanbaar zijn, maar die op bepaalde onderdelen, zoals <a href="/wiki/Grammatica" title="Grammatica">grammatica</a> en vocabulaire, erg verschillen van de Arabische dialecten die bijvoorbeeld in <a href="/wiki/Egypte_(land)" title="Egypte (land)">Egypte</a> en het <a href="/wiki/Midden-Oosten" title="Midden-Oosten">Midden-Oosten</a> worden gesproken. Verder is een groot deel van de Maghreb lange tijd onder <a href="/wiki/Franse_koloniale_rijk" title="Franse koloniale rijk">Franse</a> heerschappij geweest en is de invloed van de Franse cultuur hier ook groot, en van het <a href="/wiki/Frans" title="Frans">Frans</a>, als taal van het onderwijs, de wetenschap en overheid. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminologie">Terminologie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Terminologie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Terminologie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In het Arabisch wordt <i>Al-maghrib</i> ook gebruikt als aanduiding voor enkel het land Marokko. De letterlijke betekenis van het Arabische woord <i>maghrib</i> is <i>plaats van de ondergang van de zon</i> of <i>westen</i>. Binnen de <a href="/wiki/Oemma" title="Oemma">islamitische wereld</a> ligt deze regio het meest in het westen, vanuit <a href="/wiki/Arabi%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabië">Arabië</a> gezien. Het gebed van de moslims <a href="/wiki/Maghrib_(islam)" title="Maghrib (islam)">Maghrib</a> wordt gebeden bij zonsondergang. De Maghreb is de tegenhanger van de <a href="/wiki/Mashreq" title="Mashreq">Mashreq</a> in het Midden-Oosten. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografie">Geografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geografie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De Maghreb wordt traditioneel ingedeeld in drie gebieden: <a href="/wiki/Al-Magreb_al-Aqsa" title="Al-Magreb al-Aqsa">Al-Magreb al-Aqsa</a> (Marokko en Mauritanië), <a href="/wiki/Al-Magreb_al-Ausat" title="Al-Magreb al-Ausat">Al-Magreb al-Ausat</a> (Algerije) en <a href="/wiki/Al-Magreb_al-Adna" title="Al-Magreb al-Adna">Al-Magreb al-Adna</a> (Tunesië en Libië). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschiedenis_van_de_Maghreb">Geschiedenis van de Maghreb</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geschiedenis van de Maghreb" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geschiedenis van de Maghreb"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Geschiedenis_van_Noord-Afrika" title="Geschiedenis van Noord-Afrika">Geschiedenis van Noord-Afrika</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Maler_der_Geschichte_von_Bay%C3%A2d_und_Riy%C3%A2d_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Maler_der_Geschichte_von_Bay%C3%A2d_und_Riy%C3%A2d_002.jpg/260px-Maler_der_Geschichte_von_Bay%C3%A2d_und_Riy%C3%A2d_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Maler_der_Geschichte_von_Bay%C3%A2d_und_Riy%C3%A2d_002.jpg/390px-Maler_der_Geschichte_von_Bay%C3%A2d_und_Riy%C3%A2d_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Maler_der_Geschichte_von_Bay%C3%A2d_und_Riy%C3%A2d_002.jpg/520px-Maler_der_Geschichte_von_Bay%C3%A2d_und_Riy%C3%A2d_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="1841" /></a><figcaption>Illustratie van de <i>Geschiedenis van Bayâd en Riyâd</i>; Maghrebijns manuscript, 13e eeuw n.Chr.</figcaption></figure> <p>Oorspronkelijk waren de culturen in de Maghreb <a href="/wiki/Berbers" title="Berbers">Berbers</a> van aard. Later kende de Maghreb ook invloeden uit het oosten, aanvankelijk uit het <a href="/wiki/Oude_Egypte" title="Oude Egypte">oude Egypte</a> en ook van <a href="/wiki/Fenici%C3%AB" title="Fenicië">Fenicië</a>. De Feniciërs stichtten diverse steden in dit gebied, waarvan <a href="/wiki/Carthago" title="Carthago">Carthago</a> verreweg de belangrijkste was. Carthago lag ongeveer op de plaats waar tegenwoordig de stad <a href="/wiki/Tunis" title="Tunis">Tunis</a> ligt. Na de <a href="/wiki/Punische_oorlogen" title="Punische oorlogen">Punische oorlogen</a> werd het hele gebied onderdeel van het <a href="/wiki/Romeinse_Rijk" title="Romeinse Rijk">Romeinse Rijk</a>. </p><p>Met de <a href="/wiki/Islamitische_verovering_van_de_Maghreb" title="Islamitische verovering van de Maghreb">islamitische verovering van de Maghreb</a> in de <a href="/wiki/7e_eeuw" title="7e eeuw">7e eeuw</a> werd de Arabische invloed op de Maghreb steeds groter en een groot deel van het gebied werd gearabiseerd. Van 1121 tot 1269 werd de hele Maghreb verenigd onder het <a href="/wiki/Kalifaat_van_de_Almohaden" title="Kalifaat van de Almohaden">Kalifaat van de Almohaden</a>. Later kwam het gebied in handen van het <a href="/wiki/Ottomaanse_Rijk" title="Ottomaanse Rijk">Ottomaanse Rijk</a>, met uitzondering van Marokko en Mauritanië (dat destijds onderdeel was van het Marokkaanse Sultanaat). In de <a href="/wiki/19e_eeuw" title="19e eeuw">19e</a> en <a href="/wiki/20e_eeuw" title="20e eeuw">20e eeuw</a> werd het gebied gekoloniseerd door enkele Europese landen, met name door <a href="/wiki/Franse_koloniale_rijk" title="Franse koloniale rijk">Frankrijk</a>, Spanje en <a href="/wiki/Itali%C3%AB_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Italië (hoofdbetekenis)">Italië</a>. De grenzen van de landen die deel uitmaken van de Maghreb zijn grotendeels voortgekomen uit koloniale conflicten en zijn deels gebaseerd op beslissingen die tijdens de <a href="/wiki/Ottomaanse_Rijk" title="Ottomaanse Rijk">Ottomanse</a> invloed werden genomen door de voormalige Maghrebijnse heersers zelf. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="De_Maghreb_onder_het_tweede_Franse_koloniale_Rijk">De Maghreb onder het tweede Franse koloniale Rijk</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: De Maghreb onder het tweede Franse koloniale Rijk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: De Maghreb onder het tweede Franse koloniale Rijk"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Frans_Noord-Afrika" title="Frans Noord-Afrika">Frans Noord-Afrika</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Colonial_N.Africa_1913_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Colonial_N.Africa_1913_map.svg/300px-Colonial_N.Africa_1913_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Colonial_N.Africa_1913_map.svg/450px-Colonial_N.Africa_1913_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Colonial_N.Africa_1913_map.svg/600px-Colonial_N.Africa_1913_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1241" data-file-height="570" /></a><figcaption>Kaart van koloniaal Afrika in 1913, met moderne grenzen. Opmerking: De limieten van de controlezones zijn mogelijk niet helemaal exact vanwege de onnauwkeurigheid van de gebruikte referentiekaarten.</figcaption></figure> <p>Het begin van het tweede Franse koloniale rijk is 1830 toen Frankrijk Algerije binnenviel, dat in de volgende 17 jaar volledig werd overwonnen. Tijdens het bewind van <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III" title="Napoleon III">Napoleon III</a> werd getracht een soort <a href="/wiki/Protectoraat" title="Protectoraat">protectoraat</a> op te richten in <a href="/wiki/Mexico_(land)" title="Mexico (land)">Mexico</a>, wat niet lukte. Na de <a href="/wiki/Amerikaanse_Burgeroorlog" title="Amerikaanse Burgeroorlog">Amerikaanse Burgeroorlog</a> waren de Fransen gedwongen om het gebied te verlaten om een conflict met de Verenigde Staten te vermijden. </p><p>Pas na de <a href="/wiki/Frans-Duitse_Oorlog" title="Frans-Duitse Oorlog">Frans-Duitse Oorlog</a> van 1870-1871 werden de meeste Franse bezittingen verkregen. De Fransen konden hun invloed in Noord-Afrika uitbreiden en richtten een protectoraat op in Tunesië (<a href="/wiki/1881" title="1881">1881</a>). Na de <a href="/wiki/Koloniale_Conferentie_van_Berlijn" title="Koloniale Conferentie van Berlijn">Conferentie van Berlijn</a> in 1885, waarin Afrika werd onderverdeeld in koloniale gebieden, bezat Frankrijk de moderne naties Mauritanië (veroverd 1901-1912), <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guinee" title="Guinee">Guinee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ivoorkust" title="Ivoorkust">Ivoorkust</a>, <a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niger_(land)" title="Niger (land)">Niger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tsjaad" title="Tsjaad">Tsjaad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Centraal-Afrikaanse_Republiek" title="Centraal-Afrikaanse Republiek">Centraal-Afrikaanse Republiek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Congo-Brazzaville" title="Congo-Brazzaville">Republiek Congo</a>, en de Oost-Afrikaanse enclave <a href="/wiki/Djibouti_(land)" title="Djibouti (land)">Djibouti</a> (<i>Frans Somaliland</i>). In 1912 werd Marokko een Frans protectoraat, <a href="/wiki/Frans-Marokko" title="Frans-Marokko">Frans-Marokko</a> geheten. </p><p>Het Franse koloniale rijk begon te scheuren tijdens de <a href="/wiki/Tweede_Wereldoorlog" title="Tweede Wereldoorlog">Tweede Wereldoorlog</a>, toen verschillende gebieden van het rijk werden bezet door andere landen. De Franse kolonies werden teruggegeven in 1945. Al op <a href="/wiki/8_mei" title="8 mei">8 mei</a> <a href="/wiki/1945" title="1945">1945</a> braken er zeer bloedige onlusten uit in het Algerijnse <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9tif" title="Sétif">Sétif</a> en <a href="/wiki/Guelma_(stad)" title="Guelma (stad)">Guelma</a>, die in <a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a> escaleerden tot de <a href="/wiki/Algerijnse_Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog" class="mw-redirect" title="Algerijnse Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog">Algerijnse Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog</a>. De strijd in Algerije, Frankrijks oudste kolonie, was des te problematischer, omdat vele Franse en ook wel Spaanse kolonisten zich in het gebied hadden gevestigd. Algerije werd niet als een kolonie beschouwd, maar als Frans grondgebied aan de overkant van de Middellandse Zee, al was de 90% Arabische en Berberse bevolking uitgesloten van politieke rechten. Deze uitzichtloze oorlog leidde tot de val van de <a href="/wiki/Vierde_Republiek" class="mw-redirect" title="Vierde Republiek">Vierde Republiek</a> en de terugkeer van <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a> in de politiek, die de <a href="/wiki/Vijfde_Republiek" class="mw-redirect" title="Vijfde Republiek">Vijfde Republiek</a> uitriep, met een sterke positie voor president, die hij zelf werd in 1958. Uiteindelijk schikte hij zich in het onvermijdelijke, ondanks moordaanslagen op hem en een poging tot staatsgreep door Franse kolonisten en militairen, en besloot in 1962 uiteindelijk om Algerije onafhankelijk te maken. De Europese kolonisten, de zgn. '<a href="/wiki/Pied-noir" title="Pied-noir">Pied-noir</a>', vertrokken bijna allemaal naar het moederland. </p><p>Veel Afrikaanse kolonies, waaronder landen die deel uitmaken van de Maghreb, werden onafhankelijk rond 1960, wat in het algemeen met weinig of geen geweld gepaard ging. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unie_van_de_Arabische_Maghreb">Unie van de Arabische Maghreb</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Unie van de Arabische Maghreb" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Unie van de Arabische Maghreb"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De <a href="/wiki/Unie_van_de_Arabische_Maghreb" title="Unie van de Arabische Maghreb">Unie van de Arabische Maghreb</a> bestaat uit vijf landen: Algerije, Marokko, Tunesië, Libië en Mauritanië. Op 17 februari 1989 is door deze landen als regionaal blok het verdrag tot oprichting van de Arabische Maghreb Unie ondertekend. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Natuurlijke_kenmerken_van_de_Maghreb">Natuurlijke kenmerken van de Maghreb</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Natuurlijke kenmerken van de Maghreb" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Natuurlijke kenmerken van de Maghreb"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De Maghreb ligt op het Noord-Afrikaanse continent, tussen de breedtegraden 15° en 37° NB, en lengtegraden 17° en 25° oost, een gebied dat bestaat uit vijf landen (Libië, Tunesië, Algerije, Marokko, Mauritanië) en de Westelijke Sahara, een gebied van 6 miljoen km² dat nog steeds in behandeling is bij de Verenigde Naties. De Maghreb wordt in het noorden door de Middellandse Zee begrensd, in het zuiden door Mali, Tsjaad, Niger en Senegal, ten oosten door Egypte en Soedan en in het westen door de Atlantische Oceaan. De Maghreb bestaat uit landschappen, waaronder vlakten, bergen, plateaus en woestijnen. De regio is onderworpen aan verschillende luchtstromen uit de Atlantische Oceaan, de Sahara en de Noordpool. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gelijkenis_tussen_de_bevolking_van_de_Maghreb-landen">Gelijkenis tussen de bevolking van de Maghreb-landen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Gelijkenis tussen de bevolking van de Maghreb-landen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Gelijkenis tussen de bevolking van de Maghreb-landen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De Maghrebijnen wordt gevormd door Algerijnen, Marokkanen, Tunesiërs, Libiërs en Mauritaniërs. De meerderheid van de bevolking is aanhanger van de islam, die in de regio verspreid werd sinds de tijd van het kalifaat van de <a href="/wiki/Rashidun" title="Rashidun">Rashidun</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Omajjaden" title="Omajjaden">Omajjaden</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Een aantal demografische kenmerken van de Maghreb-landen (*per duizend) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Land</th> <th>Bevolkingsaantal per miljoen (Census 2010)</th> <th>Geboortecijfer *</th> <th>Sterftecijfer *</th> <th>Reproductie *</th> <th>Sterftecijfer onder kinderen *</th> <th>Jaarlijkse uitgaven</th> <th>Ontwikkelingsindex</th> <th>Globale Rang </th></tr> <tr> <td>Algerije</td> <td>36.6</td> <td>30</td> <td>6</td> <td>24</td> <td>39</td> <td>72.6</td> <td>0.704</td> <td>107 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Marokko</td> <td>32.7</td> <td>23</td> <td>6</td> <td>17</td> <td>39</td> <td>71.1</td> <td>0.646</td> <td>126 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tunesië</td> <td>11.5</td> <td>22</td> <td>7</td> <td>15</td> <td>21</td> <td>72.9</td> <td>0.749</td> <td>91 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Libië</td> <td>6.5</td> <td>28</td> <td>3</td> <td>25</td> <td>16</td> <td>72.4</td> <td>0.783</td> <td>61 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mauritanië</td> <td>4.0</td> <td>41</td> <td>13</td> <td>28</td> <td>120</td> <td>51.9</td> <td>0.454</td> <td>154 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultuur">Cultuur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Cultuur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&action=edit&section=8" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Cultuur"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religie">Religie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Religie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&action=edit&section=9" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Religie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De dominante religie in de Maghreb is de islam waarvan de meerderheid <a href="/wiki/Soennisme" title="Soennisme">soennitisch</a> moslims zijn die de rechtsschool van Imam <a href="/wiki/Malik_ibn_Anas" title="Malik ibn Anas">Malik</a> volgen. Dit is een van de belangrijkste banden tussen de Maghreblanden. Een andere kleinere groep soennitische moslims zijn de <a href="/wiki/Kouloughlis" title="Kouloughlis">Kouloughlis</a> (Maghrebijnen met Turkse roots). Zij volgen de rechtsschool van imam <a href="/wiki/Abu_Hanifa" title="Abu Hanifa">Abu Hanifa</a>. Overige groepen zijn de <a href="/wiki/Soefisme" title="Soefisme">soefi's</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Ibadisme" title="Ibadisme">ibadieten</a>. </p><p>Verder bestaat er een kleine groep <a href="/wiki/Sefardische_joden" class="mw-redirect" title="Sefardische joden">Sefardische joden</a> verspreid over verschillende steden. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taal">Taal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Taal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&action=edit&section=10" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Taal"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Berbers.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Berbers.png/300px-Berbers.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Berbers.png/450px-Berbers.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Berbers.png 2x" data-file-width="592" data-file-height="465" /></a><figcaption>Verspreiding van de Berbers in Noordwest Afrika <div style="display: flex;"><span style="display: inline-block; min-width: 1.2em; height: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1; margin: 2px 0 0; border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; color-adjust: exact;background-color: #24DAEF; color: transparent;border: 1px solid gray;">■</span> <span style="margin:0;"><a href="/wiki/Shleuh" title="Shleuh">Shleuhs</a></span></div> <div style="display: flex;"><span style="display: inline-block; min-width: 1.2em; height: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1; margin: 2px 0 0; border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; color-adjust: exact;background-color: #ED4CF3; color: transparent;border: 1px solid gray;">■</span> <span style="margin:0;"><a href="/wiki/Imazighen" class="mw-redirect" title="Imazighen">Imazighen</a> (<a href="/wiki/Midden-Atlas" title="Midden-Atlas">Midden-Atlas</a>)</span></div> <div style="display: flex;"><span style="display: inline-block; min-width: 1.2em; height: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1; margin: 2px 0 0; border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; color-adjust: exact;background-color: #FFFF74; color: transparent;border: 1px solid gray;">■</span> <span style="margin:0;"><a href="/wiki/Riffijnen" title="Riffijnen">Riffijnen</a></span></div> <div style="display: flex;"><span style="display: inline-block; min-width: 1.2em; height: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1; margin: 2px 0 0; border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; color-adjust: exact;background-color: #E985A1; color: transparent;border: 1px solid gray;">■</span> <span style="margin:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chenwa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chenwa (de pagina bestaat niet)">Chenwa</a></span></div> <div style="display: flex;"><span style="display: inline-block; min-width: 1.2em; height: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1; margin: 2px 0 0; border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; color-adjust: exact;background-color: #E40C0C; color: transparent;border: 1px solid gray;">■</span> <span style="margin:0;"><a href="/wiki/Kabylen" title="Kabylen">Kabylen</a></span></div> <div style="display: flex;"><span style="display: inline-block; min-width: 1.2em; height: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1; margin: 2px 0 0; border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; color-adjust: exact;background-color: #20D40C; color: transparent;border: 1px solid gray;">■</span> <span style="margin:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chawi (de pagina bestaat niet)">Chawi</a></span></div> <div style="display: flex;"><span style="display: inline-block; min-width: 1.2em; height: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1; margin: 2px 0 0; border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; color-adjust: exact;background-color: #0006A3; color: transparent;border: 1px solid gray;">■</span> <span style="margin:0;">Toeareg</span></div> <div style="display: flex;"><span style="display: inline-block; min-width: 1.2em; height: 1.2em; line-height: 1.1; margin: 2px 0 0; border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; color-adjust: exact;background-color: #FF6600; color: transparent;border: 1px solid gray;">■</span> <span style="margin:0;">Sahara-Berbers (<a href="/wiki/Sanhaja" title="Sanhaja">Sanhaja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mozabieten" title="Mozabieten">Mozabieten</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siwi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siwi (de pagina bestaat niet)">Siwi</a>)</span></div></figcaption></figure> <p>Het <a href="/wiki/Arabisch" title="Arabisch">Arabisch</a> is de nationale en officiële taal van alle Maghreblanden. Het Arabische dialect dat gesproken wordt bestaat uit <a href="/wiki/Marokkaans-Arabisch" title="Marokkaans-Arabisch">Marokkaans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Algerijns-Arabisch" title="Algerijns-Arabisch">Algerijns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tunesisch-Arabisch" title="Tunesisch-Arabisch">Tunesisch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Libisch-Arabisch" title="Libisch-Arabisch">Libisch</a> en <a href="/wiki/Hassaniya" title="Hassaniya">Hassaniya</a>. Het Maghrebijns wordt ook wel <i>Darija</i> genoemd. Deze Arabische dialecten zijn beïnvloed door het Berbers, Turks, Frans, Spaans en Italiaans. </p><p>Verschillende <a href="/wiki/Berbers" title="Berbers">Berberse</a> talen worden gesproken in Marokko, Algerije, Tunesië en Libië. Echter, Marokko en Algerije zijn de enige twee leden die de <a href="/wiki/Berbertalen" title="Berbertalen">Berbertalen</a> erkennen. In Marokko wordt het Berbers, naast het Arabisch, sinds 2011 als officiële landstaal erkend in de grondwet. De Berberse talen met de grootste groepen sprekers in Marokko zijn het <a href="/wiki/Riffijns" title="Riffijns">Riffijns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tachelhit" class="mw-redirect" title="Tachelhit">Tachelhit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atlas-Tamazight" title="Atlas-Tamazight">Atlas-Tamazight</a>. In Algerije wordt het Berbers, naast het Arabisch, als officiële landstaal erkend. Berberse talen die gesproken worden in Algerije zijn het <a href="/wiki/Kabylisch" title="Kabylisch">Kabylisch</a> (Taqbaylit), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tachawit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tachawit (de pagina bestaat niet)">Tachawit</a> (Chaouia), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chenoua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chenoua (de pagina bestaat niet)">Chenoua</a> (Tachenwit). De Berberse talen worden geschreven in <a href="/wiki/Berber-Arabisch_alfabet" title="Berber-Arabisch alfabet">Arabisch geschrift </a>, <a href="/wiki/Berber-Latijns_alfabet" title="Berber-Latijns alfabet">Latijn geschrift</a> en <a href="/wiki/Tifinagh" title="Tifinagh">Tifinagh</a>. </p><p>Het <a href="/wiki/Frans" title="Frans">Frans</a> is een niet-officiële taal in de Maghreblanden, die gebruikt wordt in vier landen: Marokko, Algerije, Tunesië en Mauritanië. Frans wordt daar gebruikt in verschillende maatschappelijke sectoren, zoals in het onderwijs van exacte vakken in het hoger onderwijs, in de media en in de meeste economische sectoren. In stedelijke gebieden wordt het meer gebruikt dan in rurale gebieden. </p><p>Andere talen: het <a href="/wiki/Engels" title="Engels">Engels</a> begint een belangrijke plaats in het economische leven in de Maghreb te nemen. In het noorden van Marokko en de <a href="/wiki/Westelijke_Sahara" title="Westelijke Sahara">Westelijke Sahara</a> is het <a href="/wiki/Spaans" title="Spaans">Spaans</a> aanwezig en <a href="/wiki/Italiaans_(taal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Italiaans (taal)">Italiaans</a> in Libië en het noordoosten van Tunesië. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Trivia">Trivia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Trivia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&action=edit&section=11" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Trivia"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Marokko is het enige land in de Maghreb dat geen <a href="/wiki/Wassende_maan_en_ster" title="Wassende maan en ster">halve maan</a> heeft in zijn vlag.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&action=edit&section=12" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Groot-Marokko" title="Groot-Marokko">Groot-Marokko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plazas_de_soberan%C3%ADa" title="Plazas de soberanía">Plazas de soberanía</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenties">Referenties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Referenties" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&action=edit&section=13" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Referenties"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201023052008/https://www.pnas.org/content/115/26/6774">Ancient genomes from North Africa evidence prehistoric migrations to the Maghreb from both the Levant and Europe</a> pnas.org (gearchiveerd)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="interProject commons mw-list-item" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Maghreb#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Maghreb">Mediabestanden</a></div> <div class="interProjectTemplate interProject-groot toccolours" style="display:flex; gap:1em; align-items:center; clear:both; margin:1em 0 -0.5em 0;"> <div style="min-width:max-content;"><span class="noviewer noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div>Zie de categorie <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Maghreb#mw-subcategories" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Maghreb">Maghreb</a></b></i> van <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> voor mediabestanden over dit onderwerp.</div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output 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title="Centraal-Afrika">Centraal-Afrika</a> · <a href="/wiki/Noord-Afrika" title="Noord-Afrika">Noord-Afrika</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oost-Afrika" title="Oost-Afrika">Oost-Afrika</a> · <a href="/wiki/West-Afrika" title="West-Afrika">West-Afrika</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zuidelijk_Afrika" title="Zuidelijk Afrika">Zuidelijk Afrika</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Gebieden:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Guinea_(gebied)" title="Guinea (gebied)">Guinea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hoorn_van_Afrika" title="Hoorn van Afrika">Hoorn van Afrika</a> · <a href="/wiki/Macaronesi%C3%AB" title="Macaronesië">Macaronesië</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maghreb</a> · <a href="/wiki/Soedan_(regio)" title="Soedan (regio)">Soedan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sub-Sahara" title="Sub-Sahara">Sub-Sahara</a> · <a href="/wiki/Swahilikust" title="Swahilikust">Swahilikust</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Voormalige koloniën:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Britse_koloni%C3%ABn_in_Afrika" title="Britse koloniën in Afrika">Britse koloniën in Afrika</a> · <a href="/wiki/Duits-Afrika" class="mw-redirect" title="Duits-Afrika">Duits-Afrika</a> · <a href="/wiki/Frans-Afrika" title="Frans-Afrika">Frans-Afrika</a> · <a href="/wiki/Italiaans-Afrika" title="Italiaans-Afrika">Italiaans-Afrika</a> · <a href="/wiki/Portugees-Afrika" title="Portugees-Afrika">Portugees-Afrika</a> · <a href="/wiki/Spaans-Afrika" title="Spaans-Afrika">Spaans-Afrika</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&oldid=68912009">https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maghreb&oldid=68912009</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div 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