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Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гекельфон – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гекельфон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heckelphon" title="Heckelphon – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Heckelphon" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hekelfon" title="Hekelfon – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hekelfon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heckelf%C3%B3n" title="Heckelfón – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Heckelfón" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heckelphone" title="Heckelphone – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Heckelphone" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%97%A4%EC%BC%88%ED%8F%B0" title="헤켈폰 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="헤켈폰" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D6%84%D5%A5%D5%AC%D6%86%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Հեքելֆոն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հեքելֆոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heckelfono" title="Heckelfono – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Heckelfono" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heckelphon" title="Heckelphon – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Heckelphon" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heckelfoon" title="Heckelfoon – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Heckelfoon" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Lower-pitched instrument of the oboe family</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Heckelphone</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Heckelphon_Wilhelm_Heckel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Heckelphon_Wilhelm_Heckel.jpg/64px-Heckelphon_Wilhelm_Heckel.jpg" decoding="async" width="64" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Heckelphon_Wilhelm_Heckel.jpg/97px-Heckelphon_Wilhelm_Heckel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Heckelphon_Wilhelm_Heckel.jpg/129px-Heckelphon_Wilhelm_Heckel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="1978" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #f4bf92"><a href="/wiki/Woodwind_instrument" title="Woodwind instrument">Woodwind instrument</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Musical_instrument_classification" title="Musical instrument classification">Classification</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left"><span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wind_instrument" title="Wind instrument">Wind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodwind" class="mw-redirect" title="Woodwind">Woodwind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_reed" title="Double reed">Double reed</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Hornbostel%E2%80%93Sachs" title="Hornbostel–Sachs">Hornbostel–Sachs classification</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left">422.112<br />(<a href="/wiki/Double_reed" title="Double reed">Double-reeded</a> <a href="/wiki/Aerophone" title="Aerophone">aerophone</a> with <a href="/wiki/Key_(instrument)" title="Key (instrument)">keys</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Developed</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left">1904</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #f4bf92"><a href="/wiki/Musical_instrument" title="Musical instrument">Related instruments</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oboe" title="Oboe">Oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piccolo_oboe" title="Piccolo oboe">Piccolo oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe_d%27amore" title="Oboe d'amore">Oboe d'amore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cor_anglais" title="Cor anglais">Cor anglais (English horn)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe_da_caccia" title="Oboe da caccia">Oboe da caccia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiener_Oboe" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiener Oboe">Wiener Oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bass_oboe" title="Bass oboe">Bass oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contrabass_oboe" title="Contrabass oboe">Contrabass oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piston_(music)" title="Piston (music)">Piston oboe</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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title="Bagpipes">Bagpipes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassoon" title="Bassoon">Bassoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contrabassoon" title="Contrabassoon">Contrabassoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cor_anglais" title="Cor anglais">Cor anglais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarinet" title="Clarinet">Clarinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flute" title="Flute">Flute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe" title="Oboe">Oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piccolo" title="Piccolo">Piccolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxophone" title="Saxophone">Saxophone</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ccf; padding: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Brass_instrument" title="Brass instrument">Brass instruments</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baritone_horn" title="Baritone horn">Baritone horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornet" title="Cornet">Cornet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphonium" title="Euphonium">Euphonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flugelhorn" title="Flugelhorn">Flugelhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_horn" title="French horn">French horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mellophone" title="Mellophone">Mellophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenor_horn" title="Tenor horn">Tenor horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trombone" title="Trombone">Trombone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumpet" title="Trumpet">Trumpet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuba" title="Tuba">Tuba</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ccf; padding: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/String_instrument" title="String instrument">String instruments</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Bowed_string_instrument" title="Bowed string instrument">Bowed</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cello" title="Cello">Cello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_bass" title="Double bass">Double bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huqin" title="Huqin">Huqin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurdy-gurdy" title="Hurdy-gurdy">Hurdy-gurdy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viola" title="Viola">Viola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violin" title="Violin">Violin</a></li></ul> <p><b>Plucked</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banjo" title="Banjo">Banjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guitar" title="Guitar">Guitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bass_guitar" title="Bass guitar">Bass guitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guzheng" title="Guzheng">Guzheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koto_(instrument)" title="Koto (instrument)">Koto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyre" title="Lyre">Lyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandolin" title="Mandolin">Mandolin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedal_Harp" class="mw-redirect" title="Pedal Harp">Harp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamisen" title="Shamisen">Shamisen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitar" title="Sitar">Sitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanpura" title="Tanpura">Tambura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukulele" title="Ukulele">Ukulele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zither" title="Zither">Zither</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ccf; padding: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Percussion_instrument" title="Percussion instrument">Percussion</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bass_drum" title="Bass drum">Bass drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell" title="Bell">Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carillon" title="Carillon">Carillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celesta" title="Celesta">Celesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymbals" class="mw-redirect" title="Cymbals">Cymbals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glockenspiel" title="Glockenspiel">Glockenspiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">Gong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handbell" title="Handbell">Handbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithophone" title="Lithophone">Lithophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marimba" title="Marimba">Marimba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mridangam" title="Mridangam">Mridangam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snare_drum" title="Snare drum">Snare drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steelpan" title="Steelpan">Steelpan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timpani" title="Timpani">Timpani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triangle_(musical_instrument)" title="Triangle (musical instrument)">Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubaphone" title="Tubaphone">Tubaphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubular_bells" title="Tubular bells">Tubular bells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vibraphone" title="Vibraphone">Vibraphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xylophone" title="Xylophone">Xylophone</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ccf; padding: 2px;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Keyboard_instrument" title="Keyboard instrument">Keyboards</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clavichord" title="Clavichord">Clavichord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_keyboard" title="Electronic keyboard">Electronic keyboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonium" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmonium">Harmonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpsichord" title="Harpsichord">Harpsichord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organ_(music)" title="Organ (music)">Organ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano" title="Piano">Piano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinet" title="Spinet">Spinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginals" title="Virginals">Virginals</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output 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<p>The <b>heckelphone</b> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Heckelphon</i>) is a musical instrument invented by <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Heckel" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilhelm Heckel">Wilhelm Heckel</a> and his sons. The idea to create the instrument was initiated by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a>, who suggested its concept at the occasion of a visit of Wilhelm Heckel in 1879.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Introduced in 1904, the heckelphone resembles an <a href="/wiki/Oboe" title="Oboe">oboe</a> but is pitched an <a href="/wiki/Octave" title="Octave">octave</a> lower, similar to the bass oboe. In addition to the pitch difference, the heckelphone has a larger bore.<sup id="cite_ref-hoos_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hoos-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_characteristics">General characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heckelphone&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: General characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The heckelphone is a <a href="/wiki/Double_reed" title="Double reed">double reed</a> instrument of the <a href="/wiki/Oboe" title="Oboe">oboe</a> family, but with a wider bore and hence a heavier and more penetrating tone. It is pitched an octave below the oboe and furnished with an additional semitone taking its range down to A. It reads in treble clef sounding one octave lower than written. <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was intended to provide a broad oboe-like sound in the middle register of the large orchestrations of the turn of the twentieth century. In the orchestral repertoire it is generally used as the bass of an oboe section incorporating the oboe and the <a href="/wiki/Cor_anglais" title="Cor anglais">cor anglais (English horn)</a>, filling the gap between the <a href="/wiki/Oboe" title="Oboe">oboes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bassoon" title="Bassoon">bassoons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hoos_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hoos-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 141">: 141 </span></sup> </p><p>The heckelphone is approximately 1.3 m (4 ft 3 in) in length and heavy enough to require that the instrument rest on the floor, supported by a short metal peg attached to the underside of its bulbous bell ("<a href="/wiki/Liebesfuss" title="Liebesfuss">Liebesfuss</a>"). An alternate second bell, called a "muting" bell, is also available, which serves to muffle the instrument for playing in a small ensemble. This arrangement is unique among double-reed instruments. It is played with a double reed that closely resembles a bassoon reed or large cor anglais reed.<sup id="cite_ref-hoos_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hoos-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 53">: 53 </span></sup> </p><p>Smaller piccolo- and terz-heckelphones were developed, pitched respectively in (high) F and E<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-flat">♭</span></span>, but few were made, and they were less successful than the baritone-range instrument.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Musical_uses">Musical uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heckelphone&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Musical uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first use of the heckelphone was in <a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">Richard Strauss</a>'s 1905 <a href="/wiki/Opera" title="Opera">opera</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Salome_(opera)" title="Salome (opera)">Salome</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-hoos_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hoos-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 324">: 324 </span></sup> The instrument was subsequently employed in the same composer's <i><a href="/wiki/Elektra_(opera)" title="Elektra (opera)">Elektra</a></i>, as well as <i><a href="/wiki/An_Alpine_Symphony" title="An Alpine Symphony">An Alpine Symphony</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (though this part frequently calls for notes that are below the range of the heckelphone),<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Josephslegende" title="Josephslegende">Josephslegende</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>Festliches Präludium</i>. It was adopted as part of the large orchestral palette of such works as <a href="/wiki/Edgard_Var%C3%A8se" title="Edgard Varèse">Edgard Varèse</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9riques" title="Amériques">Amériques</a></i> (1918–1921) and <i><a href="/wiki/Arcana_(Var%C3%A8se)" title="Arcana (Varèse)">Arcana</a></i> (1925–1927), <a href="/wiki/George_Gershwin" title="George Gershwin">George Gershwin</a><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'s</span> <a href="/wiki/Rhapsody_in_Blue#Orchestration" title="Rhapsody in Blue"><i>Rhapsody in Blue</i></a> (1924) and <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Carlos Chávez">Carlos Chávez</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Sinfon%C3%ADa_de_Ant%C3%ADgona" title="Sinfonía de Antígona">Sinfonía de Antígona</a></i> (1933). Aaron Copland's <i>Short Symphony</i> (Symphony No. 2, 1931–1933) calls for a player to double on cor anglais and heckelphone, but a cor anglais may be used for the entire part if a heckelphone is unavailable. </p><p>The heckelphone was also used by <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Jacob" title="Gordon Jacob">Gordon Jacob</a> in his "Variations on Annie Laurie" which was performed in the first Hoffnung Music Festival Concert at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Festival_Hall" title="Royal Festival Hall">Royal Festival Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, UK, in 1956. See Annetta Hoffnung's biography of Gerard Hoffnung and the sleeve notes to the complete Decca recording of the concert in question.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The heckelphone is often confused with <a href="/wiki/F._Lor%C3%A9e" title="F. Lorée">F. Lorée</a>'s redesigned <i>hautbois baryton</i> which was introduced in 1889, the term "<a href="/wiki/Bass_oboe" title="Bass oboe">bass oboe</a>" being widely used to describe both instruments. Among English composers of the early-20th century there was some vogue for the use of a "bass oboe", for example in <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Holst" title="Gustav Holst">Gustav Holst</a>'s orchestral suite <i><a href="/wiki/The_Planets" title="The Planets">The Planets</a></i> (1916), as well as in several works of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Delius" title="Frederick Delius">Frederick Delius</a> (<i>A Mass of Life</i>, 1904–1905; <i>Dance Rhapsody No. 1</i>, 1908), <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Bax" title="Arnold Bax">Arnold Bax</a>'s <i>Symphony No. 1</i> (1921), and <a href="/wiki/Havergal_Brian" title="Havergal Brian">Havergal Brian</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._1_(Brian)" title="Symphony No. 1 (Brian)">Gothic Symphony</a></i> (1919–1927) and <i>Symphony No. 4 (Das Siegeslied)</i>. However, it is not in all cases clear which of the two instruments is intended—indeed, it is possible that sometimes the composers themselves were unclear as to the distinction. Strauss, however, mentions both instruments in his 1904 revision of <a href="/wiki/Hector_Berlioz" title="Hector Berlioz">Hector Berlioz</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Treatise_on_Instrumentation" title="Treatise on Instrumentation">Grand Traité d'instrumentation et d'orchestration modernes</a></i>, and (like Varèse) specifies the instrument by name in his orchestral scores, so preventing any ambiguity. </p><p>The heckelphone has also been employed in <a href="/wiki/Chamber_music" title="Chamber music">chamber music</a>, one of the most notable instances being <a href="/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith">Hindemith</a>'s <i>Trio</i> for Heckelphone, Viola, and Piano, Op. 47 (1928). <a href="/wiki/Graham_Waterhouse" title="Graham Waterhouse">Graham Waterhouse</a> wrote <i><a href="/wiki/Four_Epigraphs_after_Escher" title="Four Epigraphs after Escher">Four Epigraphs after Escher</a></i>, Op. 35 (1993) for the same instrumentation. </p><p>The heckelphone is also featured in the orchestral music of Finnish composer <a href="/wiki/Kalevi_Aho" title="Kalevi Aho">Kalevi Aho</a>. It is heard in his operas <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insect_Life&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Insect Life (page does not exist)">Insect Life</a></i> (1985–1987), <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Book_of_Secrets_(Opera)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Book of Secrets (Opera) (page does not exist)">The Book of Secrets</a></i> (1998), and <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Before_We_Are_All_Drowned&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Before We Are All Drowned (page does not exist)">Before We Are All Drowned</a></i> (1995/1999), in the Symphonies no. 6 (1979–1980), 11 (1997–1998), 13 (2003), 15 (2009–2010), 17 (2017), and in his Piano Concerto no. 1 (1988–1989), Contrabassoon Concerto (2004–2005) and Oboe Concerto (2007). American composer <a href="/wiki/William_P._Perry" title="William P. Perry">William P. Perry</a> used the heckelphone as part of a double reed quartet in his score for the film <i>The Mysterious Stranger</i>. There is a part for heckelphone in the concert band piece <i>Two Sketches From The Orient </i> by composer Cecil Burleigh, Op. 55 arranged by N. Clifford Page, published by Oliver Ditson Company 1926 and 1928. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_use">Modern use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heckelphone&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Modern use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Globalize plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-globalize" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Globe icon." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/48px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/73px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_globe_content.svg/97px-Ambox_globe_content.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">The examples and perspective in this article <b>may not represent a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Countering systemic bias">worldwide view</a> of the subject</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You may <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heckelphone&action=edit">improve this article</a>, discuss the issue on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Heckelphone" title="Talk:Heckelphone">talk page</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Article_wizard" title="Wikipedia:Article wizard">create a new article</a>, as appropriate.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2012</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>For all its potential in adding weight to the lower registers of the <a href="/wiki/Woodwind" class="mw-redirect" title="Woodwind">woodwind</a> section, the heckelphone remains a rarity on the orchestral scene—only about 150 heckelphones have been produced, of which around 100 are believed to be extant—and is seldom carried on the regular roster of professional orchestras. Competent players are thus rare. The most prominent American heckelphone players now are Mark Perchanok and Andrew Shreeves, both of New York City. Shreeves plays regularly with the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Opera" title="Metropolitan Opera">Metropolitan Opera</a> while Perchanok has performed many new and older compositions for the instrument and has recorded with the <a href="/wiki/Paul_Winter_Consort" title="Paul Winter Consort">Paul Winter Consort</a>. Other notable American players include Robert Howe of <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, most known for recital work, and <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Grossman" title="Arthur Grossman">Arthur Grossman</a> of <a href="/wiki/Seattle,_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle, Washington">Seattle, Washington</a>. </p><p>The first annual meeting of the North American Heckelphone Society took place on August 6, 2001, at the <a href="/wiki/Riverside_Church" title="Riverside Church">Riverside Church</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, with six heckelphonists in attendance—possibly the first occasion upon which six such instruments had been assembled under one roof. Later meetings have included as many as 14 instruments. The group met annually in New York through 2006. </p><p>The centennial of the heckelphone in 2004–5 led to the publication of a number of articles on the instrument in organological journals. Among these were two in the German-language <i>Rohrblatt</i> by the Cologne player Georg Otto Klapproth; a comprehensive review article by Robert Howe and Peter Hurd, "The Heckelphone at 100", in the 2004 <i>Journal of the American Musical Instrument Society</i>; and a two-part article by Michael Finkelman in the 2005 issues of <i>The Double Reed</i>. </p><p>A recent development is the <a href="/wiki/Lupophon" title="Lupophon">Lupophon</a> (Lupophone), essentially an extended Heckelphone able to play lower notes such as those called for in the Alpine Symphony. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Selected_solo_and_chamber_works">Selected solo and chamber works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heckelphone&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Selected solo and chamber works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Mielenz, Hans Concerto, Op. 60 for heckelphone and orchestra</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Ewazen" title="Eric Ewazen">Ewazen, Eric</a> Quintet for Heckelphone and String Quartet</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discography">Discography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heckelphone&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Discography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Robert Howe, Heckelphone; Alan Lurie, Michael Dulac, piano (2005). <i>Centennial Recital for Heckelphone</i>. Wilbraham Music.</li> <li>Paul Winter Consort (1990). <i>Earth: Voices of a Planet</i>. Living Music.</li> <li>Paul Winter Consort (1995). <i>The Man Who Planted Trees</i>. Living Music.</li> <li>Paul Winter Consort (2010). <i>Miho:Journey To The Mountain</i>. Living Music</li> <li>Winter, Paul (1994). <i>Prayer for the Wild Things</i>. Living Music.</li> <li>Grossman and others (2002). <i>Music by Paul Hindemith</i>. Centaur Records.</li> <li>Arthur Grossman, Heckelphone; Lisa Bergman, piano. <i>Arthur Grossman Plays Heckelphone</i>. Wilhelm Heckel GmbH.</li> <li>Vittorio Piredda, "Voci in guerra" (2018) for heckelphone, harp, cello and photosongs.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (January 2019)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heckelphone&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bassoon" title="Bassoon">Bassoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bass_oboe" title="Bass oboe">Bass oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piccolo_heckelphone" title="Piccolo heckelphone">Piccolo heckelphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lupophon" title="Lupophon">Lupophon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_musical_instruments" title="List of musical instruments">List of musical instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_woodwind_instruments" title="List of woodwind instruments">List of woodwind instruments</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heckelphone&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141203120532/http://www.heckel.de/en/prod-heckelphon.htm">"Heckelphon"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heckel.de/en/prod-heckelphon.htm">the original</a> on 2014-12-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-12-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Heckelphon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heckel.de%2Fen%2Fprod-heckelphon.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeckelphone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hoos-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hoos_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hoos_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hoos_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hoos_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHoos2024" class="citation book cs1">Hoos, Holger (2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heckelphone.org/book/excerpts.html"><i>The Heckelphone. A window into the history of music</i></a>. Tres Mundi. pp. <span class="nowrap">1–</span>402. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789403699493" title="Special:BookSources/9789403699493"><bdi>9789403699493</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Heckelphone.+A+window+into+the+history+of+music&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E402&rft.pub=Tres+Mundi&rft.date=2024&rft.isbn=9789403699493&rft.aulast=Hoos&rft.aufirst=Holger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fheckelphone.org%2Fbook%2Fexcerpts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeckelphone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jürgen Meyer <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Mlkut4PAAiUC&dq=Heckelphone&pg=PA73"><i>Acoustics and the Performance of Music: Manual for Acousticians, Audio Engineers, Musicians, Architects and Musical Instrument Makers (Modern Acoustics and Signal Processing)</i></a> pg. 73 Springer Publishing (2009) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-387-09516-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-387-09516-0">0-387-09516-0</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sibyl Marcuse, <i>Musical Instruments: A Comprehensive Dictionary</i>, corrected edition (The Norton Library N758) (New York: W. W. Norton, 1975): 239–40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.berliner-philharmoniker.de/en/stories/alpine-symphony-introduction/">"Musical picture postcards?"</a>. <i>www.berliner-philharmoniker.de</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.berliner-philharmoniker.de&rft.atitle=Musical+picture+postcards%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.berliner-philharmoniker.de%2Fen%2Fstories%2Falpine-symphony-introduction%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeckelphone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBurgessHaynes2004" class="citation book cs1">Burgess, Geoffrey; Haynes, Bruce (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wQfnx89NXDUC"><i>The Oboe</i></a>. Yale University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">185–</span>186. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780300093179" title="Special:BookSources/9780300093179"><bdi>9780300093179</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oboe&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E185-%3C%2Fspan%3E186&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780300093179&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rft.au=Haynes%2C+Bruce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwQfnx89NXDUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeckelphone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJeal2024" class="citation news cs1">Jeal, Erica (March 14, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2024/mar/14/strauss-josephs-legende-album-review-fabrice-bollon-staatskapelle-halle">"Strauss: Josephs Legende album review – not top-drawer Strauss but there's much worth savouring"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Strauss%3A+Josephs+Legende+album+review+%E2%80%93+not+top-drawer+Strauss+but+there%27s+much+worth+savouring&rft.date=2024-03-14&rft.aulast=Jeal&rft.aufirst=Erica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmusic%2F2024%2Fmar%2F14%2Fstrauss-josephs-legende-album-review-fabrice-bollon-staatskapelle-halle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHeckelphone" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heckelphone&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heckel.de">Wilhelm Heckel GmbH</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heckelphone.org">Website dedicated to the heckelphone with an extensive repertoire list, information on individual instruments and players</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.contrabass.com/pages/heckel.html">Heckelphone page at Contrabass Mania site</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Double_reed_instruments276" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:beige;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Double_reed" title="Template:Double reed"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Double_reed" title="Template talk:Double reed"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Double_reed" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Double reed"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Double_reed_instruments276" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Double_reed" title="Double reed">Double reed</a> instruments</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:beige;"><div>(also includes those with <a href="/wiki/Quadruple_reed" title="Quadruple reed">quadruple</a> and sextuple reeds; does not include <a href="/wiki/Bagpipes" title="Bagpipes">bagpipes</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:white;">European classical<br />(modern)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piccolo_oboe" title="Piccolo oboe">Piccolo oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piccolo_heckelphone" title="Piccolo heckelphone">Piccolo heckelphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe" title="Oboe">Oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe_d%27amore" title="Oboe d'amore">Oboe d'amore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cor_anglais" title="Cor anglais">Cor anglais (English horn)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bass_oboe" title="Bass oboe">Bass oboe</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Heckelphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lupophon" title="Lupophon">Lupophon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contrabass_oboe" title="Contrabass oboe">Contrabass oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenoroon" title="Tenoroon">Tenoroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassoon" title="Bassoon">Bassoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-contrabassoon" title="Semi-contrabassoon">Semi-contrabassoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contrabassoon" title="Contrabassoon">Contrabassoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contraforte" title="Contraforte">Contraforte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contrabassophone" title="Contrabassophone">Contrabassophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reed_contrabass" title="Reed contrabass">Reed contrabass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarrusophone" title="Sarrusophone">Sarrusophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rothphone" title="Rothphone">Rothphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._D._Q._Bach#Tromboon" title="P. D. Q. Bach">Tromboon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:white;">European classical<br />(historical)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aulos" title="Aulos">Aulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe#Baroque" title="Oboe">Baroque oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassanello" title="Bassanello">Bassanello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornamuse" title="Cornamuse">Cornamuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cromorne" title="Cromorne">Cromorne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crumhorn" title="Crumhorn">Crumhorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulcian" title="Dulcian">Dulcian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirtenschalmei" title="Hirtenschalmei">Hirtenschalmei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kortholt" title="Kortholt">Kortholt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe_da_caccia" title="Oboe da caccia">Oboe da caccia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pommer" title="Pommer">Pommer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rackett" title="Rackett">Rackett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rauschpfeife" title="Rauschpfeife">Rauschpfeife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawm" title="Shawm">Shawm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:white;">African traditional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algaita" title="Algaita">Algaita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhaita" title="Rhaita">Rhaita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zukra" title="Zukra">Zukra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:white;">Asian traditional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balaban_(instrument)" title="Balaban (instrument)">Balaban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duduk" title="Duduk">Duduk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guan_(instrument)" title="Guan (instrument)">Guan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyaling" title="Gyaling">Gyaling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hichiriki" title="Hichiriki">Hichiriki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hne" title="Hne">Hne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A8n" title="Kèn">Kèn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A8n_b%E1%BA%A7u" title="Kèn bầu">Kèn bầu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A8n_%C4%91%C3%A1m_ma" title="Kèn đám ma">Kèn đám ma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuzhal" title="Kuzhal">Kuzhal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizmar_(instrument)" title="Mizmar (instrument)">Mizmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadaswaram" title="Nadaswaram">Nadaswaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottu_(instrument)" title="Ottu (instrument)">Ottu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_(instrument)" title="Pi (instrument)">Pi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piri_(instrument)" title="Piri (instrument)">Piri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shehnai" title="Shehnai">Shehnai</a></li> <li>Sundari</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorna" title="Sorna">Sorna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sralai" title="Sralai">Sralai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suona" title="Suona">Suona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taepyeongso" title="Taepyeongso">Taepyeongso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangmuri" title="Tangmuri">Tangmuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zurna" title="Zurna">Zurna/Surnai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:white;">European traditional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aulos" title="Aulos">Aulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bifora" title="Bifora">Bifora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birbyn%C4%97" title="Birbynė">Birbynė</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombard_(musical_instrument)" title="Bombard (musical instrument)">Bombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_shawm" title="Catalan shawm">Catalan shawm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulzaina" title="Dulzaina">Dulzaina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gra%C3%AFle" title="Graïle">Graïle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gralla_(instrument)" title="Gralla (instrument)">Gralla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piccolo_oboe" title="Piccolo oboe">Musette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piffero" title="Piffero">Piffero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopila" title="Sopila">Sopila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1rogat%C3%B3" title="Tárogató">Tárogató</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zurna" title="Zurna">Zurna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surma-horn" title="Surma-horn">Surma-horn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:white;">American traditional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chirimia" title="Chirimia">Chirimía</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trompeta_china" title="Trompeta china">Trompeta china</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_oboe_family59" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#B0C4DE;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oboe_family" title="Template:Oboe family"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oboe_family" title="Template talk:Oboe family"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oboe_family" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oboe family"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_oboe_family59" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Members of the <a href="/wiki/Oboe" title="Oboe">oboe</a> family</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Instruments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piccolo_oboe" title="Piccolo oboe">Piccolo oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piccolo_heckelphone" title="Piccolo heckelphone">Piccolo heckelphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe" title="Oboe">Oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe#Baroque" title="Oboe">Baroque oboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe_d%27amore" title="Oboe d'amore">Oboe d'amore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cor_anglais" title="Cor anglais">Cor anglais (English horn)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe_da_caccia" title="Oboe da caccia">Oboe da caccia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bass_oboe" title="Bass oboe">Bass/baritone oboe</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Heckelphone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lupophon" title="Lupophon">Lupophon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contrabass_oboe" title="Contrabass oboe">Contrabass oboe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ensembles & genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oboe_quartet" title="Oboe quartet">Oboe quartet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oboe_quintet" title="Oboe quintet">Oboe quintet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1571002#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata801" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1571002#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata801" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1571002#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4442805-4">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85059898">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12270545k">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12270545k">BnF data</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/instrument/ede795b9-6bf8-4cc7-95c9-2bc9c5d5b858">MusicBrainz instrument</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heckelphone&oldid=1273147589">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heckelphone&oldid=1273147589</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Single_oboes_with_conical_bore" title="Category:Single oboes with conical bore">Single oboes with conical bore</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1904_musical_instruments" title="Category:1904 musical instruments">1904 musical instruments</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: 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