CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9134039a6b2ecdee',cH: 'LAgyfiLXnu_dTMOiKG3DGvnTKuTqsT14SEY3L0m4mZI-1739776818-1.2.1.1-Z5HswFYPNLNUJeOzxTKKYqQ9WLihKWCdCvo3.U9v_rTO9ABTjvm668kOzheNlotP',cUPMDTk: "\/10012955\/bibtex?__cf_chl_tk=evAFqFUuI8y5_T2_AuCgV1C2yMpfamXrtsen0Gtkls8-1739776818-1.0.1.1-70wec.t.sx.pXzQCSsFDYy5N4ECbZRx0z9.1qU9WeSk",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739776818',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/10012955\/bibtex?__cf_chl_f_tk=evAFqFUuI8y5_T2_AuCgV1C2yMpfamXrtsen0Gtkls8-1739776818-1.0.1.1-70wec.t.sx.pXzQCSsFDYy5N4ECbZRx0z9.1qU9WeSk",md: "Qx_pQhElnMsQABXe7EBfhpqQ6PAQWvmXl5lY99UsWSM-1739776818-1.2.1.1-V8eFbmdhJwMZow7_XY3ERNdkBSN88Dsllc.CNyg3RB8629UAGN9Bd2B72DBDxgWxD_7sVuoMHhd253.sKrsqikr5_1Kx8Ljcx8rzxDp5y22NzU1G4sw0tPzrVs2riAdxkoteeOjgZRpHHEll80rCHWkQjAo4RyB0VARVTsvk5EUQMwOdH4JtpKyEjzNpvvaP4h6ookFyBjwt1QXzBTLC6FkJE_HCLrLLaR0gBW3C0noJ3Vj3zjsgYf34tHED_nc8LBvMKjoHLSCpLhkqFbkfn0Mq177OT5pnfG.WWXwFsr.65n1GsLZUcf4wtKgDpsy44yx5Yn3g8WdQI6kfEXVoSq5q9uQhOAbUVrkXjigmant1YY3l9uHdLiV74iekbO9LecRvhj5HWABMLHvcMNMcMIczGaG2UpJRYqw1taF_lenePVeLZ2qeHIZyEvRkexXvD3DGZwcZfT_szPOA2ib2wqswVo9_XPjQXonCdF4cu2icLdsjmaESdQjM.wSUjBdy3_V1kL7pmeDW_gNtoXD4jA2xPDlefwRP.G5y7VsS_.KiJfAT54BQcvHNbD.DBzpQm2s17xMUjOtbhv4.Arc.m46ypxB6YmybcRGkT1cGzWAa36ZVI.pDAWWJ.SKO5dnrqdxyKhRr5qmrMlokDp8Udz6hYR3QdRlA8qO_gZN1GgusTap0dNbKafOEIaGeVhdZhe3ppy_a6iIVuoyl5NhLWG3Or4oB7tS8MdZEz2c9ghYg.aO_57tEXcVPqnh.BuBCJheIHaguhAkHsd5JT1g3tCaNCJ8pAMvlWpH3KCIkhq23TL.fB6p11.JF09gIEwMGVjfeV9uet_Pa_YMa.P0zFgB9z38UYjmmybPlDE43A.iZCBj0lku1A6E1ucdHz8JY3iGGm7TaBYFxA58yMsRGlD2aSeD41f2.spk.lFyXEq3Ro1bcarA_3tmj5weEiTt.GXLBV3hMu2o7xwDM11ad_Cij8ax8PkhSnaR5jAYDqsP8v2u2aV7H9h49AAqJyBT4wgfEZNBNlCP4Ze8FKCie2uDiAucn39gZF0uNVLB62z2E9fPqMA_J2XtMD7Uyj.M5xB6371PfHVTEwPs5bGh4vUIhjaFhqbX41Dm9MG0DEmdPh1.3Og9_ah03_OdbRjeHxyuNcYRs1.YUOiVTUirmkRkKGsEyBQEfRInHwmVR_nXr0gkRs_QcevGlxVPKhqCYCKY1wNqoG2Z.hSGg9zpf6a1S_3p1ZH1EcL_wi_m.bX30XhD.H1462xkWMAp6dILm4TrKqUzad5IhNXPlh6fAQW8Ok2cdVf6m8Lbzoad2P6KML6G7j3T55Rxj5BZkM_dcMc5utBrgtC_g.H3QDa2Ps0pxO_HSZiwjRmA.m61PFgwC6gzko2G5p7RsXoD3Y357Ofew0vV3vzFnS0.kR3qT9.Tc5Qjw54DtEB_l03Y72dqaXtRODZQEWuZCMHU6Ty5SZFduLQw3capQ_hQOLkqnUW4QZ9KdVcyWhjEWjUXI1hV7fvhAMsU8gEeqttSPU2o4bNc2Kq3d0ngwgWFlFRFvgXU3jWIwQLx9Xax7NbOuRluETWGvxmPbKoToAmKhWC4Zez6jcSXR1GgKvzUJwJ2GPqGPvS9QKFTIVYdDMwptyJAFCSuZsDPSB_SZsn2R_HfMYY1TueOAE2DEbH0tX3adi5nAVgFLndhg3vtquHqvC1AGH7gxzsC65PtjQ85xZOcmHPdY.vkIv_jdUOh786.TOtU7xq2stjZ.MtHvMejEU7DiKONuaOX_ZeuTOqhG8ttqJFRw9bqZ2fwkv2a0y7J0b3BB_FBXx8i4YG3.45Ikio41uOC2zaVx5vTDNuFyzvjionRSi64YTYZy2us1fEQADmZ6s7QY6wZyhX1vpzH1cDA",mdrd: "ord3loTTp2lLAJx91pF8AzZdR8.crApDXAjq3O7I6_M-1739776818-1.2.1.1-2lZVfyGg7TF75CrXFxHlgOv4KC4iaINznllGanen5t2xFTQWUPUmYLpH9iY1XULTuV4WUkDOFPArB0V2G6U2BmEdfP_iC8Incxl0aj6BWwd74ePAuHzTPaMh905fhl3V1wbql9LCyBAPxaWeQsHANCMB_d0xiUvhiNaWJBY5oIVueiHWXc57Tzsvw9ukcayKP0NXA5m2TQCCoiQ6PHudgKLTT5Psj4q3Vb4atXuZWSIkH8c0mQgcFtkGa6WwkDsulpccxvxvKeDD50U.gG3hyAwvUBJAPzx_GuQw4OqAR9pZRE.XbeP8UmGTMFDALChGPZKHPZ1BzV9ik.PrsyRkIZelvo3TX1LICHZLB1IroY.asT0L.vJ6D0hPL6wq.7qBwiHWV9qi9mbtwpA6TpwvWIaelnN6IPGyuTzd4qmEJGLyzc2G0i5vCTgcFPigDvJCOL540pDeEKKpINvY3ty3xFZl4pfF2VTK0c4qN2ORvZUIXYUy9ul4rvsawtRhRULyhjHIEZbFMB7zSi3OuLUHnPJzVI3ID8JNsz8cAfzL1YDONp797fppgRLsN7xw7hSJA.ArzprcgkdTQ.2KZmzQJ8xlrsy6jIcN3rrZ25FqjinL6.guTom4aXcIoJcAmGwofYvLTDixynCGMm6gx.zAYpvKAbFsXYKJRPSyOgyzZpU9DVcWZgWE_ZG4B0XISmweXIBxp3Nr5hTKOuVe8eScPdvnWMjUJRSsLxT2peNFdOsPmdaHlB_hBpED9wKfe8NMOWphZaKatRcuC70I0z4rkBT7FFbiVsnu5eNXZp5K_BEIvoxiEn4TieHsXf9tRKov2FbyVaIw20mSwXpdqdie4RI12v76mm2dW9Uo3X2JpIJw.ukZCMJ7N5G5GahRvbzpa5IIOsJX920ehAZrfSm8QKRt4Uqxug.ksBAG.X4LXCBcqY85lul_oPKf8T4e8fceSLOBGXHldlW92E1b4WUMVWlYQDuNlncuyQ2JCm3ToZ.b4fVA4tCLWyqMlqSv6LD5NYuc6eoex61tr7WO.T4jqEERIOauVwibXCGRRDq3gi91wBA9pg6V5hSV_7iIfyLlTQLTuzNFZ49_9LowUwMbIsX86kbzacEl0jDNHpcKqlQPxyJrWsXUKdIqx_VzjChP3xYj2JWbRjbp3idNYKUlW3Y.kClL61cJcNTmJywDhvrkfqk0VRpe7NGxyVvWcqAaiNR5Np8O_HPHTHvSfrHd6cfEreemo1brWniOLX2ertEQSN3tjkn8_URt6u0fGPYYGD4RGwBxAYx4inMWXTAhVmG6xiiHFOz6cJXod8IVOLKDmvLjqQpUBO0J.I6n9gS.GqzcwwK4wIGGU_v_P2WG5lkOp.DzUlqRypZPUtIo53_mPzyBWHPwcFWRhX80xHumYSzJDlHBiCUdC1iS_DxGy3L2qVc4tY9geXdjidfE3GdNRTpJwFqNYfvK4.Q__3YivslE_sJaxiPK1kr9LDoeHWZ7nHcyMxp5ed6XKZ3edJJ61rfEM4bOgVBPXsU0wdkfYJhd2ZD4QanNy1laUl.D8JuGY3KGvQ2rV9ITdhtGaNH1WkFMPYvr7gp0zHpktdqLIHtzoPacxRG0OZB_EJXiar7GHnbx3CSne3MVnjNsujKbef9aoznx09QQdMWjfr1rszrF0KJ._CxYUUOlM8Yzm1OLYcQpYAy2dDIjeFPLHTUubbmJ_lONH9o2HNBZ.qYCsWB51wqTfcechR7vkAXxr4t5nWHErt21Y18uMqaAdYkMvMtcA0YJKJ..tmNZ5Yl3S3YbfqXVpwbf8LZdrmCxwP_d0xheiIwxO9Ias4jU1qfoKJhd4aYvqw9l5zlmHhmgNy5_ib_03wLz5ZZQ7QPS677uovz_GyrfaPhzhNK7cbjwY_hoR3TMWikSRnzVHpXs5gD1OWnpJJbM4PxUfl0ux8h42Jz_gTon1QIddw97_OcLvZB.zSObh9pRsNY5C6e0"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9134039a6b2ecdee';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/10012955\/bibtex?__cf_chl_rt_tk=evAFqFUuI8y5_T2_AuCgV1C2yMpfamXrtsen0Gtkls8-1739776818-1.0.1.1-70wec.t.sx.pXzQCSsFDYy5N4ECbZRx0z9.1qU9WeSk" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>