On Off Keying - Trammell Hudson's Projects

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class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents"> <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc"> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Table of contents </label> <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="#27mhz-rc-car" class="md-nav__link"> 27MHz RC Car </a> <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="27MHz RC Car"> <ul class="md-nav__list"> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="#unitary-encoding" class="md-nav__link"> Unitary encoding </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content"> <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset"> <h1>On Off Keying</h1> <h2 id="27mhz-rc-car">27MHz RC Car</h2> <p><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/osr/25200118598/lightbox"><img src="https://live.staticflickr.com/4690/25200118598_06903b046c_b.jpg" srcset="https://live.staticflickr.com/4690/25200118598_06903b046c_b.jpg 1024w, https://live.staticflickr.com/4690/25200118598_06903b046c.jpg 400w" /></a> These cheap RC cars that the Waag Society were using for their autonomous toy car project included chintzy 27 MHz transmitters that had binary speed and direction control. Since we were using an Arduino and motorshield to control the car, the RC parts were surplus I wanted to try to use my new HackRF to decode the protocol.</p> <p><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/osr/38306847505/lightbox"><img src="https://live.staticflickr.com/4739/38306847505_b3013d188c_b.jpg" srcset="https://live.staticflickr.com/4739/38306847505_b3013d188c_b.jpg 1024w, https://live.staticflickr.com/4739/38306847505_b3013d188c.jpg 400w" /></a> The HackRF uses an accessory program named <code>gqrx</code> that is useful for "spinning the dial" to look for frequencies. It allowed me to quickly zero in on roughly 27.1 MHz for the signal.</p> <p><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/osr/39155649362/lightbox"><img src="https://live.staticflickr.com/4727/39155649362_765e5fc0f1_b.jpg" srcset="https://live.staticflickr.com/4727/39155649362_765e5fc0f1_b.jpg 1024w, https://live.staticflickr.com/4727/39155649362_765e5fc0f1.jpg 400w" /></a> gnuradio is a "blueprint" based programming environment that takes some getting used to. In this case I followed <a href="http://greatscottgadgets.com/sdr/8/">Great Scott Gadget's On-Off Keying tutorial</a> to configure the radio.</p> <p>Notes:</p> <ul> <li>The <code>osmocon source</code> is the HackRF and is configured with two variables:<ul> <li><code>samp_rate</code> of 8 MHz is sufficient for the low-bandwidth transmissions and helps avoid crushing the CPU.</li> <li><code>tuning_freq</code> is near the desired frequency, but offset slightly to avoid the DC bias</li> </ul> </li> <li>The <code>chan_freq</code> variable is a GUI slider so that I can adjust it on the fly. This allowed me to zero-in the actual frequency, although just getting close is sufficient.</li> <li><code>Complex Mag</code> will turn an AM modulated signal into a binary one.</li> </ul> <h3 id="unitary-encoding">Unitary encoding</h3> <p>TODO: Document protocol - unitary encoding</p> <ul> <li>Some number of long start bits, followed by some number of short bits, followed by at least one long bit.</li> </ul> <pre> NONE 00000 5 UP 0000000000 10 DOWN 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 40 LEFT 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 64 RIGHT 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 58 U+L 0000000000000000000000000000000000 34 U+R 0000000000000000000000000000 28 D+L 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 46 U+R 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 52 </pre> <p><a href="/Category:2017"><span style='color:white; background-color:red'>2017</a> <a href="/Category:Radio"><span style='color:white; 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