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Tilgængelig på 87 sprog" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-87" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">87 sprog</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optiese_vesel" title="Optiese vesel – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Optiese vesel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%A8%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="ليف بصري – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ليف بصري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A4%D9%BE%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="فيبرة ؤپتيكية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="فيبرة ؤپتيكية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81" title="আলোক তন্তু – assamesisk" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="আলোক তন্তু" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibra_%C3%B3ptica" title="Fibra óptica – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Fibra óptica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber-optik" title="Fiber-optik – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fiber-optik" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Оптично влакно – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Оптично влакно" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="অপটিক্যাল ফাইবার – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অপটিক্যাল ফাইবার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opti%C4%8Dko_vlakno" title="Optičko vlakno – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Optičko vlakno" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibra_%C3%B2ptica" title="Fibra òptica – catalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fibra òptica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8E%D8%A8%DA%B5%DB%8C_%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B4%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="کێبڵی تیشکی – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کێبڵی تیشکی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optick%C3%A9_vl%C3%A1kno" title="Optické vlákno – tjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Optické vlákno" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ffibr_optig" title="Ffibr optig – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ffibr optig" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="god artikel"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lichtwellenleiter" title="Lichtwellenleiter – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lichtwellenleiter" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0" title="अप्टिकल फाइबर – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="अप्टिकल फाइबर" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%80%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Οπτική ίνα – græsk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οπτική ίνα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="græsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_fiber" title="Optical fiber – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Optical fiber" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optika_fibro" title="Optika fibro – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Optika fibro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibra_%C3%B3ptica" title="Fibra óptica – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fibra óptica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valgusjuhe" title="Valgusjuhe – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Valgusjuhe" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zuntz_optiko" title="Zuntz optiko – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zuntz optiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%B1_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="فیبر نوری – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فیبر نوری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valokuitu" title="Valokuitu – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Valokuitu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibre_optique" title="Fibre optique – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fibre optique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sn%C3%A1ith%C3%ADn_opt%C3%BAil" title="Snáithín optúil – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Snáithín optúil" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibra_%C3%B3ptica" title="Fibra óptica – galicisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fibra óptica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaaule_o%27ukaas%C3%BC" title="Kaaule o'ukaasü – Wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Kaaule o'ukaasü" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="Wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%91_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%99" title="סיב אופטי – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סיב אופטי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81" title="प्रकाशीय तन्तु – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रकाशीय तन्तु" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opti%C4%8Dko_vlakno" title="Optičko vlakno – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Optičko vlakno" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fib_optik" title="Fib optik – haitisk" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Fib optik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optikai_sz%C3%A1l" title="Optikai szál – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Optikai szál" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%BA%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A9%D5%A5%D5%AC%D6%84" title="Օպտիկական թելք – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օպտիկական թելք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serat_optik" title="Serat optik – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Serat optik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibra_ottica" title="Fibra ottica – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fibra ottica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%89%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC" title="光ファイバー – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="光ファイバー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AD%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D" title="ოპტიკური ბოჭკო – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოპტიკური ბოჭკო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isirg_asekdan" title="Isirg asekdan – kabylsk" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Isirg asekdan" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabylsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D3%99%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Сәулежол – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сәулежол" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C_%E0%B2%AB%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D" title="ಆಪ್ಟಿಕಲ್‌ ಫೈಬರ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಆಪ್ಟಿಕಲ್‌ ಫೈಬರ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B4%91%EC%84%AC%EC%9C%A0" title="광섬유 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="광섬유" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibra_optica" title="Fibra optica – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Fibra optica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0viesolaidis" title="Šviesolaidis – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šviesolaidis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optisk%C4%81_%C5%A1%C4%B7iedra" title="Optiskā šķiedra – lettisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Optiskā šķiedra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Оптичко влакно – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Оптичко влакно" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%92%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%BC" title="ഒപ്റ്റിക്കൽ ഫൈബർ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഒപ്റ്റിക്കൽ ഫൈബർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%82" title="प्रकाशवाहक तंतू – marathisk" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="प्रकाशवाहक तंतू" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentian_optik" title="Gentian optik – malajisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gentian optik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9C%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%96%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BB%E1%80%BE%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="အလင်းဖန်မျှင် – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အလင်းဖန်မျှင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="نوری فیبر – mazenisk" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="نوری فیبر" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazenisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0" title="अप्टिकल फाइबर – nepalesisk" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अप्टिकल फाइबर" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optische_vezel" title="Optische vezel – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Optische vezel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optisk_fiber" title="Optisk fiber – nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Optisk fiber" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiberoptikk" title="Fiberoptikk – bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fiberoptikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibra_optica" title="Fibra optica – occitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Fibra optica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6" title="ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼ੀ ਤੰਦ – punjabisk" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼ੀ ਤੰਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Awiat%C5%82ow%C3%B3d" title="Światłowód – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Światłowód" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%81%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="نوري فایبر – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="نوري فایبر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibra_%C3%B3ptica" title="Fibra óptica – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fibra óptica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibr%C4%83_optic%C4%83" title="Fibră optică – rumænsk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fibră optică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumænsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Оптическое волокно – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Оптическое волокно" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibbra_ottica" title="Fibbra ottica – siciliansk" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Fibbra ottica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opti%C4%8Dko_vlakno" title="Optičko vlakno – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Optičko vlakno" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%81_%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94" title="ප්‍රකාශ තන්තු – singalesisk" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ප්‍රකාශ තන්තු" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_fiber" title="Optical fiber – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Optical fiber" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optick%C3%A9_vl%C3%A1kno" title="Optické vlákno – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Optické vlákno" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opti%C4%8Dno_vlakno" title="Optično vlakno – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Optično vlakno" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibra_optike" title="Fibra optike – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Fibra optike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Оптичко влакно – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Оптичко влакно" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serat_optik" title="Serat optik – sundanesisk" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Serat optik" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiberoptik" title="Fiberoptik – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fiberoptik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzi_wa_kioo" title="Uzi wa kioo – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Uzi wa kioo" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%88" title="ஒளியிழை – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஒளியிழை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%81" title="ದ್ಯುತಿ ಇರೆಕುಲು – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ದ್ಯುತಿ ಇರೆಕುಲು" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D" title="ఆప్టికల్ ఫైబర్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఆప్టికల్ ఫైబర్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%87" title="ใยแก้วนำแสง – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ใยแก้วนำแสง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber_Optics" title="Fiber Optics – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Fiber Optics" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optik_fiber" title="Optik fiber – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Optik fiber" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Оптоволокно – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Оптоволокно" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optik_tola" title="Optik tola – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Optik tola" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%E1%BB%A3i_quang_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Sợi quang học – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sợi quang học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabot_nga_optika" title="Sabot nga optika – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sabot nga optika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AF%BC%E7%BA%A4%E7%BB%B4" title="光导纤维 – wu-kinesisk" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="光导纤维" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu-kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A2_%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A2" title="אפטישע פיברע – jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אפטישע פיברע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%B0%8E%E7%BA%96%E7%B6%AD" title="光導纖維 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="光導纖維" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%BA%96" title="光纖 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="光纖" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%89%E7%BA%96" title="光纖 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="光纖" 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aria-label="Sideværktøjer"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Udseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Udseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flyt til sidebjælken</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skjul</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopædi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="da" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Fibreoptic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Fibreoptic.jpg/220px-Fibreoptic.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Fibreoptic.jpg/330px-Fibreoptic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/49/Fibreoptic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="529" /></a><figcaption>Nærbillede af uindpakkede optiske fibre ledende synligt hvidt lys.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Fibertyper_samlet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Fibertyper_samlet.jpg/220px-Fibertyper_samlet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Fibertyper_samlet.jpg/330px-Fibertyper_samlet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Fibertyper_samlet.jpg/440px-Fibertyper_samlet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Her præsenteres 3 forskellige optiske fiber typer med deres fordele og ulemper. Det første glasbaserede fibre har en ydre <a href="/wiki/Diameter" title="Diameter">diameter</a> på 0,380 mm – og de 2 sidste kendte og udbredte fibre har en diameter på 0,125 mm, hvilket er det samme som 125 µm.<br /><b>Øverste</b>: Den lysledende kerne i fiberet er 0,2 mm (200 µm). Fordelen ved denne "store" kerne er at det er lettere at få sendt lys ind i den. Almindelige <a href="/wiki/Lysdiode" title="Lysdiode">lysdiodechips</a> kan anvendes. Fibre med dette design kaldes multi-mode fibre (MMF).<br /><b>Midterste</b>: Den lysledende kerne i fiberet er mellem 50-100 µm (typisk 50 µm eller 62,5 µm, ca. tykkelsen af et stykke <a href="/wiki/Papir" title="Papir">papir</a>). Fordelen ved denne kerne er, at det er forholdsvis let at få sendt lys ind i den. Almindelige <a href="/wiki/Lysdiode" title="Lysdiode">lysdiodechips</a> kan anvendes, men tolerancerne er små. Fibre med dette design kaldes multi-mode fibre (MMF).<br /><b>Nederste</b>: Den lysledende kerne i fiberet er mellem 8-10 µm (ca. 10 kerner svarer til tykkelsen af et stykke <a href="/wiki/Papir" title="Papir">papir</a>). Fordelen ved denne kerne er at lysflanker kun tværes lidt ud langs fiberens længde. Ulempen er at det er "svært" at få sendt lys ind i den. Almindelige lysdiodechips kan normalt ikke anvendes, så <a href="/wiki/Diodelaser" class="mw-redirect" title="Diodelaser">diodelaserchips</a> anvendes i stedet. Tolerancerne er meget små. Fibre med dette design kaldes single-mode fibre (SMF).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Singlemode_fibre_structure.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Singlemode_fibre_structure.svg/220px-Singlemode_fibre_structure.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Singlemode_fibre_structure.svg/330px-Singlemode_fibre_structure.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Singlemode_fibre_structure.svg/440px-Singlemode_fibre_structure.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="419" data-file-height="378" /></a><figcaption>Et typisk lyslederkabel med et single-mode fiber stærkt forstørret, visende diametrene af de forskellige komponentlag. <i>Buffer</i> består i mange tilfælde af et stærkt fiberbundt. <i>Jacket</i> består normalt af blød plast.<br /> 1.- Core 8 µm<br /> 2.- Cladding 125 µm<br /> 3.- Buffer 250 µm<br /> 4.- Jacket 400 µm</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Supercontinuum_in_a_microstructured_optical_fiber.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Supercontinuum_in_a_microstructured_optical_fiber.PNG/220px-Supercontinuum_in_a_microstructured_optical_fiber.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Supercontinuum_in_a_microstructured_optical_fiber.PNG/330px-Supercontinuum_in_a_microstructured_optical_fiber.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Supercontinuum_in_a_microstructured_optical_fiber.PNG/440px-Supercontinuum_in_a_microstructured_optical_fiber.PNG 2x" data-file-width="754" data-file-height="583" /></a><figcaption>Fotografi af et fotonisk fiber som pga. ulinearitet ændrer lysets bølgelængde ned langs fiberen.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>En <b>lysleder</b> eller et <b>optisk fiber</b>, også kaldt <b>fibernet</b>, er lavet af <a href="/wiki/Glas" title="Glas">glas</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Plastik" class="mw-redirect" title="Plastik">plastik</a> og er designet til at transportere data som <a href="/wiki/Lys" title="Lys">lysimpulser</a> langs det indre af fiberens kerne. </p><p>Lysledere anvendes først og fremmest til <a href="/wiki/Telekommunikation" title="Telekommunikation">telekommunikation</a> – og i visse <a href="/wiki/Sensor" title="Sensor">sensorer</a>. </p><p>Lyslederes anvendelse indenfor telekommunikation skyldes lysledernes lave optiske tab ved de anvendte lysbølgelængder og for lysledere med tynde kerner (ca. 10 µm i diameter) kan signaler med store <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A5ndbredde" class="mw-disambig" title="Båndbredde">båndbredder</a> sendes ca. 350–1000 km med normal digital <a href="/wiki/Amplitudemodulation" title="Amplitudemodulation">amplitudemodulation</a> <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> - og mere end 4.000 km med adaptive specielt designede pulser der udbreder sig som <a href="/w/index.php?title=Soliton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soliton (ikke skrevet endnu)">solitoner</a> ned gennem fiberen. <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> En solitons egenskab er, at pulsens form ikke tværes ud, uanset tilbagelagt afstand. Begge uden signalregenerering og signalforstærkning. </p><p>En enkel lysleder kan overføre flere lysbølgelængder og kan på denne måde overføre n*(10Gbit/s). F.eks. vil 320 passende valgte lysbølgelængder kunne overføre 3.200 Gbit/s. <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Elektriske <a href="/wiki/Koaksialkabler" class="mw-redirect" title="Koaksialkabler">koaksialkabler</a> og <a href="/wiki/Parsnoede_kabler" class="mw-redirect" title="Parsnoede kabler">parsnoede kabler</a> klarer normalt kun 100 meter uden signalregenerering og signalforstærkning af store båndbredder på f.eks. 10Gbit/s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lysleder&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigér afsnit: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lysleder&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Historie"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lyslederes principielle lys-guidende effekt blev først demonstreret af <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Daniel_Colladon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Daniel Colladon (ikke skrevet endnu)">Daniel Colladon</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jaques_Babinet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jaques Babinet (ikke skrevet endnu)">Jaques Babinet</a> i <a href="/wiki/1840%27erne" title="1840'erne">1840'erne</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-regis_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-regis-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I 1952 udførte <a href="/wiki/Fysiker" title="Fysiker">fysikeren</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Narinder_Singh_Kapany&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Narinder Singh Kapany (ikke skrevet endnu)">Narinder Singh Kapany</a> eksperimenter som ledte til opfindelsen af den optiske fiber, baseret på Tyndall's tidligere forskning; moderne optiske fibre, hvor glasfiberen er overtrukket med en gennemsigtig overtræk for at lave den refraktive overgang dukkede op senere i årtiet. <sup id="cite_ref-regis_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-regis-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I <a href="/wiki/1965" title="1965">1965</a> foreslog <a href="/wiki/Charles_K._Kao" title="Charles K. Kao">Charles K. Kao</a> og George A. Hockham fra det Britiske firma <a href="/w/index.php?title=Standard_Telephones_and_Cables&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Standard Telephones and Cables (ikke skrevet endnu)">Standard Telephones and Cables</a> at optiske fibres dæmpning blev forårsaget af urenheder, som kunne fjernes. De spekulerede i at optiske fibre kunne blive et anvendeligt <a href="/wiki/Medium_(fysik)" title="Medium (fysik)">medium</a> for kommunikation, hvis dæmpningen kunne reduceres til under 20 <a href="/wiki/Decibel" class="mw-redirect" title="Decibel">dB</a> per kilometer (Hecht, 1999, p. 114). Dette dæmpningsmål blev nået i <a href="/wiki/1970" title="1970">1970</a>, af forskerne Robert D. Maurer, Donald Keck, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_C._Schultz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter C. Schultz (ikke skrevet endnu)">Peter C. Schultz</a> og Frank Zimar, der arbejdede for det amerikanske glasmager Corning Glass Works, nu <a href="/wiki/Corning_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Corning Inc.">Corning Inc.</a>. De demonstrerede et optisk fiber med en optisk dæmpning på 17 dB per kilometer af <a href="/wiki/Titanium" class="mw-redirect" title="Titanium">titanium</a>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dotering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dotering (ikke skrevet endnu)">doteret</a> <a href="/wiki/Silicium" title="Silicium">Siliciumbaseret</a> glas. Et par år senere producerede de et fiber med kun 4 dB/km ved anvendelse af <a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">germaniumoxider</a> som kernedotering. Disse lave dæmpninger <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bebude&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bebude (ikke skrevet endnu)">bebudede</a> optiske fibres anvendelse til <a href="/wiki/Telekommunikation" title="Telekommunikation">telekommunikation</a> og muliggjorde <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">internettet</a>. I dag er optiske fibres dæmpning langt mindre end elektriske kobberkabler, hvilket ledte til fiberforbindelser på op til 500 – 800 km uden repeater. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kilder/referencer"><span id="Kilder.2Freferencer"></span>Kilder/referencer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lysleder&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigér afsnit: Kilder/referencer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lysleder&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Kilder/referencer"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11780210">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/05/040521071505.htm">2004-05-24, Sciencedaily: Tightly Focused Laser Light Generates Nonlinear Effects And Rainbow Of Color</a> Citat: "..."supercontinuum generation in nonlinear fibers." The phenomenon can be observed in a new class of optical fibers, called photonic crystal fibers. PCFs consist of a tiny solid glass core surrounded by a cladding, or casing, that contains air holes along the length of the fiber...As the IR light propagates, or spreads, through a 1-meter-long fiber, the light appears, first orange, then yellow and finally green...The visible lightwaves emerge from the fiber as white light, which contains all the colors of the spectrum..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030530145823/http://telecommagazine.com/default.asp?journalid=3&func=articles&page=0103t21&year=2001&month=3">Webarchive backup: telecommagazine.com: March 2001, Ultralong-Haul DWDM: The Big Tradeoff</a> Citat: "...Today's optical networks use electrical regenerators approximately every 500 km along installed fiber, but they are expensive and power consuming..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20011215154437/http://www.williamson-labs.com/intuitive-concepts-optics.htm">williamson-labs.com: The Revolution. Optical Fibers, Optical Recording, and the ultimate, Optical Computing</a> Citat: "...Data transport using Soliton Pulses in Dispersion-Shifted Fiber Single Fiber: Errorless data transmission: 50 Gb/s, at over 19,000 km, No Repeaters. This technology is no longer a laboratory oddity, but has been in place and Growing for the last > 6 years..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040810170326/http://www.marconi.com/Home/customer_center/Products/Core/Optical+Multiservice+Core/UPLx/The+Soliton+Story">Webarchive backup: marconi.com: The Soliton Story</a> Citat: "...At the heart of its pioneering work are “dispersion managed solitons” — a concept that has already enabled world-record transmission distances — a standard fiber carrying 10 Gbit/s across 16,000 km, for example, and 40 Gbit/s carried over 1,000 km...Solitons are essentially “stable pulses” that travel without changing their shape...Conventional optical networks lose 25 dB to 30 dB of signal per span between amplifiers, restricting a total span to around 1,000 km. Marconi SOLSTIS' goal is to achieve far longer distances with the same amplifier span, or enable longer spans over the original distance..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lightreading.com/corvis-offers-32-tbit--s-transport-system/d/d-id/573114">3/19/2001, lightreading.com: Corvis announces industry-leading 3.2 terabits per second optical transport system</a> Citat: "...CorWave LR is a dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) transmission system that can transport up to 320 STM-64 (10 Gbps) wavelengths for up to 800 km or 160 STM-64 (10 Gbps) wavelengths in each direction for up to 2,000 km...CorWave XL and CorWave XF ¾ Repeaterless terrestrial or undersea festoon links used to build, expand and link national and regional networks. CorWave XL and XF can transmit up to 800 gigabits per fibre for distances as long as 350 km, eliminating the use of in-line amplifiers...", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200812005312/https://www.lightreading.com/corvis-offers-32-tbit--s-transport-system/d/d-id/573114">backup</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-regis-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-regis_6-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-regis_6-1"><sup>b</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11752076">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFBates2001" class="citation book cs1">Bates, Regis J (2001). <i>Optical Switching and Networking Handbook</i>. New York: McGraw-Hill. s. p10. <a href="/wiki/Internationalt_Standardbognummer" title="Internationalt Standardbognummer">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciel:ISBN-s%C3%B8gning/0-07-137356-X" title="Speciel:ISBN-søgning/0-07-137356-X">0-07-137356-X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Optical+Switching+and+Networking+Handbook&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=p10&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Bates&rft.aufirst=Regis+J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fda.wikipedia.org%3ALysleder" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Skabelon:Cite_book" title="Skabelon:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|pages=</code> har ekstra tekst (<a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A6lp:CS1-fejl#extra_text_pages" title="Hjælp:CS1-fejl">hjælp</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_henvisninger">Eksterne henvisninger</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lysleder&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigér afsnit: Eksterne henvisninger" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigér</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lysleder&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne henvisninger"><span>rediger kildetekst</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><div class="plainlinks" style="display:inline;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/11px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/17px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/22px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> har flere filer relateret til <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Optical_fibers" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Optical fibers">Lysleder</a></b> </div></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefoa.org/">The Fiber Optic Association</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefoa.org/tech/connID.htm">FOA color code for connectors</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jimhayes.com/lennielw/">Lennie Lightwave's Guide To Fiber Optics</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051018184621/http://www.jimhayes.com/lennielw/">Arkiveret</a> 18. oktober 2005 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fabila.com/proyectos/ftth/tecnologia.asp">How Fiber Optics are made</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160307202713/http://fabila.com/proyectos/ftth/tecnologia.asp">Arkiveret</a> 7. marts 2016 hos <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> In video</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070602131332/http://www.artikel-software.com/blog/2006/11/29/introduction-to-fiber-optics/">Introduction to Fiber Optics</a> free pdf books</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11759279">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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