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href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E5%90%BE%E6%9B%B8%E6%88%BF" title="此IP所修之議[n]" accesskey="n"><span>議</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站台"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目次" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目次</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-產地" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#產地"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">一</span> <span>產地</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-產地-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-開採" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#開採"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">二</span> <span>開採</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-開採-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-冶煉" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#冶煉"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">三</span> <span>冶煉</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-冶煉-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-據" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#據"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">四</span> <span>據</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-據-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="切換目次" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">切換目次</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">銅</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往別種語言的條目。有二〇三種語言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-203" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">二〇三種語言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koper" title="Koper – 南非荷蘭文" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Koper" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupfer" title="Kupfer – 德文（瑞士）" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kupfer" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="德文（瑞士）" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%98%E1%8B%B3%E1%89%A5" title="መዳብ – 阿姆哈拉文" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="መዳብ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arambre" title="Arambre – 阿拉貢文" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Arambre" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉貢文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coper" title="Coper – 古英文" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Coper" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="古英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE" title="तांबा – 昂加文" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="तांबा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="昂加文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="卓著"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="نحاس – 阿拉伯文" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نحاس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="نحاس – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="نحاس" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="نحاس – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نحاس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="তাম – 阿薩姆文" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="তাম" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿薩姆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobre" title="Cobre – 阿斯圖里亞文" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cobre" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯圖里亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti" title="Anti – 艾馬拉文" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Anti" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="艾馬拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mis" title="Mis – 亞塞拜然文" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mis" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="亞塞拜然文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="پاخیر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پاخیر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Баҡыр – 巴什喀爾文" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Баҡыр" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什喀爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temaga" title="Temaga – 峇里文" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Temaga" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="峇里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varis" title="Varis – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Varis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanso" title="Tanso – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tanso" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C" title="Медзь – 白俄羅斯文" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Медзь" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄羅斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C" title="Медзь – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Медзь" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Мед – 保加利亞文" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мед" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="ताँमा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="ताँमा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%EA%A9%BB%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC%E1%82%8F" title="တောင်ꩻတနျာႏ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="တောင်ꩻတနျာႏ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE" title="তামা – 孟加拉文" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তামা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%9F%E0%BD%84%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ཟངས། – 藏文" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཟངས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kouevr" title="Kouevr – 布列塔尼文" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kouevr" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakar" title="Bakar – 波士尼亞文" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bakar" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波士尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8D%D0%B4" title="Зэд – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Зэд" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coure" title="Coure – 加泰蘭文" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Coure" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A8%CC%A4ng" title="Dè̤ng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dè̤ng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumbaga" title="Tumbaga – 宿霧文" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Tumbaga" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿霧文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A5%E1%8F%A3%E1%8F%B1" title="ᎥᏣᏱ – 柴羅基文" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎥᏣᏱ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="柴羅基文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3" title="مس – 中庫德文" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مس" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中庫德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramu" title="Ramu – 科西嘉文" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Ramu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="科西嘉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%9B%C4%8F" title="Měď – 捷克文" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Měď" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B2per" title="Kòper – 卡舒布文" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Kòper" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="卡舒布文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%C4%83%D1%85%C4%83%D1%80" title="Пăхăр – 楚瓦什文" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Пăхăр" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copr" title="Copr – 威爾斯文" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Copr" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威爾斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobber" title="Kobber – 丹麥文" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kobber" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麥文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupfer" title="Kupfer – 德文" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kupfer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pax%C4%B1r" title="Paxır – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Paxır" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%83%DE%A6%DE%8C%DE%AA%DE%8D%DE%AF" title="ރަތުލޯ – 迪維西文" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ރަތުލޯ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="迪維西文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Χαλκός – 希臘文" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χαλκός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希臘文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="正典"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper" title="Copper – 英文" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Copper" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="正典"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupro" title="Kupro – 世界文" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kupro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="卓著"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobre" title="Cobre – 西班牙文" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cobre" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vask" title="Vask – 愛沙尼亞文" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vask" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="愛沙尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobre" title="Kobre – 巴斯克文" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kobre" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobri" title="Cobri – 埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Cobri" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3" title="مس – 波斯文" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupari" title="Kupari – 芬蘭文" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kupari" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vask" title="Vask – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Vask" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopa" title="Kopa – 斐濟文" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Kopa" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="斐濟文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopar" title="Kopar – 法羅文" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kopar" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuivre" title="Cuivre – 法文" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cuivre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6%C3%B6ber" title="Kööber – 北弗里西亞文" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kööber" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram" title="Ram – 弗留利文" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Ram" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="弗留利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koper" title="Koper – 西弗里西亞文" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Koper" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copar" title="Copar – 愛爾蘭文" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Copar" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="愛爾蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8A%85" title="銅 – 贛語" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="銅" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="贛語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwiv" title="Kwiv – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Kwiv" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copar" title="Copar – 蘇格蘭蓋爾文" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Copar" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="蘇格蘭蓋爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobre" title="Cobre – 加利西亞文" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cobre" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuarepoti_pyt%C3%A3" title="Kuarepoti pytã – 瓜拉尼文" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Kuarepoti pytã" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87" title="तांबे – 孔卡尼文" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="तांबे" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="孔卡尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%82" title="તાંબું – 古吉拉特文" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="તાંબું" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="古吉拉特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobbyr" title="Cobbyr – 曼島文" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Cobbyr" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="曼島文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%B9ng" title="Thùng – 客家話" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thùng" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家話" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%AA" title="נחושת – 希伯來文" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נחושת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="ताम्र – 印地文" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ताम्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamba" title="Tamba – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Tamba" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakar" title="Bakar – 克羅埃西亞文" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bakar" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopor" title="Kopor – 上索布文" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Kopor" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="上索布文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwiv" title="Kwiv – 海地文" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kwiv" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9z" title="Réz – 匈牙利文" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Réz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%B2%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B1" title="Պղինձ – 亞美尼亞文" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պղինձ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亞美尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%B2%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%B1" title="Պղինձ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Պղինձ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupro" title="Cupro – 國際文" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Cupro" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="國際文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga – 印尼文" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tembaga" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambang" title="Gambang – 伊洛闊文" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Gambang" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛闊文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0" title="ЦӀаста – 印古什文" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="ЦӀаста" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="印古什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupro" title="Kupro – 伊多文" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kupro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopar" title="Kopar – 冰島文" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kopar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰島文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rame" title="Rame – 義大利文" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rame" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="義大利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="正典"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8A%85" title="銅 – 日文" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="銅" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapa" title="Kapa – 牙買加克里奧爾英文" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kapa" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="牙買加克里奧爾英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/tunka" title="tunka – 邏輯文" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="tunka" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="邏輯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga – 爪哇文" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tembaga" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AB%E1%83%98" title="სპილენძი – 喬治亞文" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სპილენძი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="喬治亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C9%A3ir" title="Iɣir – 卡比爾文" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Iɣir" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡比爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwivri" title="Kwivri – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kwivri" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutako" title="Mutako – 剛果文" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Mutako" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="剛果文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper" title="Copper – 吉庫尤文" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Copper" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="吉庫尤文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8B%D1%81" title="Мыс – 哈薩克文" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мыс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈薩克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ತಾಮ್ರ – 坎那達文" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ತಾಮ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="坎那達文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EB%A6%AC" title="구리 – 韓文" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="구리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AB%D1%80%D0%B3%D3%A7%D0%BD" title="Ыргӧн – 科米-彼爾米亞克文" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Ыргӧн" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="科米-彼爾米亞克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%9B%D8%A7%D9%85" title="ترٛام – 喀什米爾文" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ترٛام" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="喀什米爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koffer_(Metall)" title="Koffer (Metall) – 科隆文" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Koffer (Metall)" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="科隆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mis" title="Mis – 庫德文" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mis" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="庫德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AB%D1%80%D0%B3%D3%A7%D0%BD" title="Ыргӧн – 科米文" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Ыргӧн" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="科米文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kober" title="Kober – 康瓦耳文" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kober" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康瓦耳文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Жез – 吉爾吉斯文" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Жез" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="吉爾吉斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuprum" title="Cuprum – 拉丁文" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cuprum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koffer" title="Koffer – 盧森堡文" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Koffer" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="盧森堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Дувсси – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Дувсси" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%83%D1%80" title="Цур – 列茲干文" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Цур" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="列茲干文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupre" title="Cupre – 新共同語言" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Cupre" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="新共同語言" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kkopa_(Copper)" title="Kkopa (Copper) – 干達文" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Kkopa (Copper)" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="干達文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koper" title="Koper – 林堡文" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Koper" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rammo_(elemento)" title="Rammo (elemento) – 利古里亞文" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Rammo (elemento)" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="利古里亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram" title="Ram – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Ram" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_(element_chimich)" title="Ram (element chimich) – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ram (element chimich)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%87%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%87" title="ທອງແດງ – 寮文" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ທອງແດງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="寮文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varis" title="Varis – 立陶宛文" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Varis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Var%C5%A1" title="Varš – 拉脫維亞文" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Varš" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脫維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varahina" title="Varahina – 馬達加斯加文" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Varahina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="馬達加斯加文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konukura" title="Konukura – 毛利文" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Konukura" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="毛利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Бакар – 馬其頓文" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бакар" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="馬其頓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D" title="ചെമ്പ് – 馬來亞拉姆文" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചെമ്പ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="馬來亞拉姆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D1%8D%D1%81" title="Зэс – 蒙古文" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Зэс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4" title="ꯀꯣꯔꯤ – 曼尼普爾文" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯀꯣꯔꯤ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="曼尼普爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87" title="तांबे – 馬拉地文" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तांबे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="馬拉地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D3%B9%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D3%B9" title="Вӹргеньӹ – 西馬里文" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Вӹргеньӹ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="西馬里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga – 馬來文" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tembaga" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="馬來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AE" title="ကြေးနီ – 緬甸文" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကြေးနီ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="緬甸文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B5_(%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB)" title="Пиже (металл) – 厄爾茲亞文" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Пиже (металл)" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="厄爾茲亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chichiltic_tepoztli" title="Chichiltic tepoztli – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Chichiltic tepoztli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramma" title="Ramma – 拿波里文" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Ramma" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="拿波里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopper" title="Kopper – 低地德文" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kopper" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keuper" title="Keuper – 低地薩克遜文" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Keuper" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="低地薩克遜文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="तामा – 尼泊爾文" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="तामा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%83" title="सीजः – 尼瓦爾文" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सीजः" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tambag%C3%B6" title="Tambagö – 尼亞斯文" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Tambagö" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="尼亞斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koper_(element)" title="Koper (element) – 荷蘭文" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koper (element)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopar" title="Kopar – 耐諾斯克挪威文" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kopar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="耐諾斯克挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobber" title="Kobber – 巴克摩挪威文" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kobber" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="巴克摩挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9%C3%A9sh_%C5%82ich%C3%ADi%CA%BCii" title="Béésh łichíiʼii – 納瓦荷文" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Béésh łichíiʼii" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="納瓦荷文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coire" title="Coire – 奧克西坦文" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Coire" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奧克西坦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaski" title="Vaski – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Vaski" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibiila_diimaa" title="Sibiila diimaa – 奧羅莫文" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Sibiila diimaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="奧羅莫文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BE" title="ତମ୍ବା – 歐迪亞文" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ତମ୍ବା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="歐迪亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86%D1%80%D1%85%D1%83%D1%8B" title="Æрхуы – 奧塞提文" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Æрхуы" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奧塞提文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਤਾਂਬਾ – 旁遮普文" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤਾਂਬਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koper" title="Koper – 帕皮阿門托文" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Koper" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="帕皮阿門托文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mied%C5%BA" title="Miedź – 波蘭文" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Miedź" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aram" title="Aram – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Aram" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7" title="تانبا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="تانبا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%87" title="تامبه – 普什圖文" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="تامبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什圖文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobre" title="Cobre – 葡萄牙文" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cobre" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anta" title="Anta – 蓋楚瓦文" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Anta" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="蓋楚瓦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupru" title="Cupru – 羅馬尼亞文" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cupru" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="羅馬尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A2c%C3%A2ri" title="Bâcâri – 羅馬尼亞語系" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Bâcâri" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="羅馬尼亞語系" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8C" title="Медь – 俄文" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Медь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8C" title="Мідь – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Мідь" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="ताम्रम् – 梵文" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="ताम्रम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="梵文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8D)" title="Алтан (химия элэмиэнэ) – 雅庫特文" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Алтан (химия элэмиэнэ)" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="雅庫特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A0mine" title="Ràmine – 撒丁文" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Ràmine" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="撒丁文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramu" title="Ramu – 西西里文" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ramu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capper" title="Capper – 蘇格蘭文" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Capper" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="蘇格蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BD%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88" title="ٽامو – 信德文" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ٽامو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakar" title="Bakar – 塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bakar" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper" title="Copper – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Copper" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Me%C4%8F" title="Meď – 斯洛伐克文" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Meď" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baker" title="Baker – 斯洛維尼亞文" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Baker" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛維尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mhangura" title="Mhangura – 紹納文" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mhangura" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="紹納文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kober" title="Kober – 索馬利文" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Kober" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索馬利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakri" title="Bakri – 阿爾巴尼亞文" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Bakri" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿爾巴尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Бакар – 塞爾維亞文" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бакар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kooper" title="Kooper – 沙特菲士蘭文" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Kooper" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="沙特菲士蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tambaga" title="Tambaga – 巽他文" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Tambaga" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koppar" title="Koppar – 瑞典文" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Koppar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaba" title="Shaba – 史瓦希里文" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Shaba" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="史瓦希里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="செப்பு – 坦米爾文" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="செப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="坦米爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%A6_%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81" title="ತಾಮ್ರದ ಅದುರು – 圖盧文" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ತಾಮ್ರದ ಅದುರು" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="圖盧文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BF" title="రాగి – 泰盧固文" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రాగి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰盧固文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Мис – 塔吉克文" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Мис" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%87" title="ทองแดง – 泰文" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทองแดง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanso_(elemento)" title="Tanso (elemento) – 塔加路族文" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Tanso (elemento)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="塔加路族文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bak%C4%B1r" title="Bakır – 土耳其文" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bakır" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%8B%D1%80" title="Бакыр – 韃靼文" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Бакыр" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="韃靼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Чес – 圖瓦文" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Чес" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="圖瓦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%89%D8%B3" title="مىس – 維吾爾文" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="مىس" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="維吾爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8C" title="Мідь – 烏克蘭文" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мідь" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="烏克蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7" title="تانبا – 烏都文" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تانبا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="烏都文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mis" title="Mis – 烏茲別克文" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mis" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="烏茲別克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramo" title="Ramo – 威尼斯文" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ramo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vas%27k" title="Vas'k – 維普森文" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Vas'k" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="維普森文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%93ng" title="Đồng – 越南文" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đồng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuprin" title="Kuprin – 沃拉普克文" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Kuprin" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="沃拉普克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keuve" title="Keuve – 瓦隆文" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Keuve" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumbaga" title="Tumbaga – 瓦瑞文" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tumbaga" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%9C" title="铜 – 吳語" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="铜" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吳語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Зес – 卡爾梅克文" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Зес" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="卡爾梅克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98" title="ლინჯი – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლინჯი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="קופער – 意第緒文" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קופער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第緒文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A0b%C3%A0" title="Bàbà – 約魯巴文" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Bàbà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="約魯巴文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doengz" title="Doengz – 壯文" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Doengz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99" title="ⴰⵏⴰⵙ – 標準摩洛哥塔馬塞特文" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵏⴰⵙ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="標準摩洛哥塔馬塞特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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</div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-indicator-fr-review-status" class="mw-indicator"><indicator name="fr-review-status" class="mw-fr-review-status-indicator" id="mw-fr-revision-toggle"><span class="cdx-fr-css-icon-review--status--unchecked"></span><b><a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E:%E6%A0%A1%E5%B0%8D" title="說明:校對">今本</a></b>（此為底本，未經審校）</indicator></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">文出維基大典</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div id="mw-fr-revision-details" class="mw-fr-revision-details-dialog" style="display:none;"><div tabindex="0"></div><div class="cdx-dialog cdx-dialog--horizontal-actions"><header class="cdx-dialog__header cdx-dialog__header--default"><div class="cdx-dialog__header__title-group"><h2 class="cdx-dialog__header__title">頁面版本狀態</h2><p class="cdx-dialog__header__subtitle">該頁面尚未檢查</p></div><button class="cdx-button cdx-button--action-default cdx-button--weight-quiet
							cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button" aria-label="關閉" onclick="document.getElementById("mw-fr-revision-details").style.display = "none";" type="submit"><span class="cdx-icon cdx-icon--medium
							cdx-fr-css-icon--close"></span></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">此為底本，未經<a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E:%E6%A0%A1%E5%B0%8D" title="說明:校對">審校</a>。</div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lzh" dir="ltr"><p><b>銅</b>者，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學">化學</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="化學元素">元素</a>也，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%AC%A6%E8%99%9F" title="化學符號">符號</a>Cu，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%8F" title="原子序">原子序</a>廿九，屬<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8E%E6%B8%A1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" title="過渡金屬">過渡金屬</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%94%E9%87%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="五金（查無此頁）">五金</a>。歷朝用以鑄<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%A2" class="mw-disambig" title="錢">錢</a>，所耗甚廣。《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98" title="史記">史記</a>》【<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%B3%E6%BA%96%E6%9B%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="平準書（查無此頁）">平準書</a>】載：「<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" title="金屬">金</a><small style="color:#996666"><span class="inline-note-brackets">（</span>言金屬<span class="inline-note-brackets">）</span></small>有三等，<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91_(%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0)" class="mw-redirect" title="金 (元素)">黃金</a>為上，<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">白金</a>為中，赤金為下。」赤金即銅也。其原質色紅棕，俗謂紅銅，亦稱紫銅。與他金合，則為青、白諸色，鏽則綠。性能伸展延長，可壓之為板，抽之為絲，傳熱、電之能唯亞於<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">銀</a>而價廉，故常用以製鍋及電線等物。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="產地"><span id=".E7.94.A2.E5.9C.B0"></span>產地</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8A%85&action=edit&section=1" title="所纂章名：產地"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%94%E6%A1%88:Cuivre_Michigan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Cuivre_Michigan.jpg/280px-Cuivre_Michigan.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Cuivre_Michigan.jpg/420px-Cuivre_Michigan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Cuivre_Michigan.jpg/560px-Cuivre_Michigan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4036" data-file-height="2779" /></a><figcaption>銅</figcaption></figure> <p>多產於山中，曰<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8A%85%E5%B1%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="銅山（查無此頁）">銅山</a>。穴山而攻，置為<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8A%85%E5%9D%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="銅坑（查無此頁）">銅坑</a>，凡<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8A%85%E5%9D%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="銅坑（查無此頁）">銅坑</a>所在有之。《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%B5%B7%E7%B6%93" title="山海經">山海經</a>》曰：「出銅之山四百三十七。」以<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="贛">贛</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BB%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="滇（查無此頁）">滇</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%90%E8%95%83" title="吐蕃">吐蕃</a>為最盛，今供<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="中國">中國</a>用者，半出於三地。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B9%96%E5%BB%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="湖廣（查無此頁）">湖廣</a>為次之，其<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E5%86%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大冶（查無此頁）">大冶</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%BD%E6%96%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="陽新（查無此頁）">陽新</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%B3%E8%8F%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="石菉（查無此頁）">石菉</a>之地，多產美礦。餘者散佈，見於<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%96%86" class="mw-redirect" title="新疆">新疆</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E5%B1%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="天山（查無此頁）">天山</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E8%88%8D%E5%8B%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿舍勒（查無此頁）">阿舍勒</a>，黑省<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%9A%E5%AF%B6%E5%B1%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="多寶山（查無此頁）">多寶山</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="安徽">安徽</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8A%85%E9%99%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="銅陵（查無此頁）">銅陵</a>。境外如<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%88%A9%E5%A0%85" class="mw-redirect" title="美利堅">美利堅</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E5%88%A9" title="智利">智利</a>諸國，皆有盛產，近世自海舶來，而貿於東南。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="開採"><span id=".E9.96.8B.E6.8E.A1"></span>開採</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8A%85&action=edit&section=2" title="所纂章名：開採"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>凡礦出<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8A%85%E5%B1%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="銅山（查無此頁）">銅山</a>者，夾土帶石。穴鑿數丈得之，有<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8A%85%E7%A0%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="銅砂（查無此頁）">銅砂</a>在內，形狀不一，或大或小，或明或暗，或如鍮石、姜<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5" title="鐵">鐵</a>。有礦皮包其外，狀如姜石而有銅星，名銅璞。淘冼去其土滓，然後入爐煎煉，其熏蒸傍溢者，為自然銅，亦曰石髓<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9B" title="鉛">鉛</a>。棄物再冶，仍有銅液流出，故可反復煎煉之。 </p><p>出山與出爐但有紅銅，然以爐坩石或<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="倭">倭</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9B" title="鉛">鉛</a>參和，可轉色為<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%83%E9%8A%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黃銅（查無此頁）">黃銅</a>；以<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%92%E9%9C%9C" title="砒霜">砒霜</a>等藥混煉，可得<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%99%BD%E9%8A%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="白銅（查無此頁）">白銅</a>；與礬、硝等藥製煉，可得<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%8A%85" title="青銅">青銅</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83" title="黃">黃</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD" title="白">白</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92" title="青">青</a>三者，各有妙用，不復累述。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="冶煉"><span id=".E5.86.B6.E7.85.89"></span>冶煉</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8A%85&action=edit&section=3" title="所纂章名：冶煉"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>依銅質而擇冶術，若有礦不雜<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9B" title="鉛">鉛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">銀</a>者，洪爐單煉即可，其法如下：取<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%85%A4%E7%82%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="煤炭（查無此頁）">煤炭</a>百斤碾為粉，鼓風灼入爐內，以瓦罐載銅十斤，繼而添<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%88%90%E5%9D%A9%E7%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="爐坩石（查無此頁）">爐坩石</a>六斤，並坐於爐內熔化。後因爐坩石煙盛，有飛損，改用倭<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9B" title="鉛">鉛</a>。每紅銅六斤，入倭<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9B" title="鉛">鉛</a>四斤，先後入瓦罐熔化。冷定取出，即成<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%83%E9%8A%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黃銅（查無此頁）">黃銅</a>。 </p><p>礦若有與<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9B" title="鉛">鉛</a>同體者，其煎煉爐法如下：傍通高低二孔，<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9B" title="鉛">鉛</a>質先化從上孔流出，銅質後化從下孔流出。又有東夷銅，其托體<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8A%80%E7%A4%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="銀礦（查無此頁）">銀礦</a>內，入爐煉時，<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">銀</a>結於面，銅沉於下。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="據"><span id=".E6.93.9A"></span>據</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8A%85&action=edit&section=4" title="所纂章名：據"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%B7%A5%E9%96%8B%E7%89%A9" title="天工開物">天工開物</a>》，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%87%89%E6%98%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宋應星（查無此頁）">宋應星</a>著</li></ul> <div class="NavFrame" style="clear:both"> <div class="NavHead"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" title="元素週期表">元素週期表</a></div> <div class="NavHead">譯名見異，臺譯在先，陸譯在後，香港兼從</div> <div class="NavContent"> <table border="1" align="center" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; border-collapse:collapse; font-size: 100%; width:100%" rules="all" cellpadding="1"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center" bgcolor="#a0ffa0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB" title="氫">氫</a> </td> <td align="center" colspan="30" style="border:1px">  </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#c0ffff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">氦</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ff6666" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%B0" title="鋰">鋰</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffdead" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B9" title="鈹">鈹</a> </td> <td align="center" colspan="24" style="border:1px">  </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccc99" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC" title="硼">硼</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#a0ffa0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#a0ffa0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">氮</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#a0ffa0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffff99" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F" title="氟">氟</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#c0ffff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">氖</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ff6666" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%89" title="鈉">鈉</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffdead" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%82" title="鎂">鎂</a> </td> <td align="center" colspan="24" style="border:1px">  </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccccc" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%81" title="鋁">鋁</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccc99" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%85" title="硅">矽硅</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#a0ffa0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" title="磷">磷</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#a0ffa0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffff99" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF" title="氯">氯</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#c0ffff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AC" title="氬">氬</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ff6666" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%80" title="鉀">鉀</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffdead" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A3" title="鈣">鈣</a> </td> <td align="center" colspan="14" style="border:1px">  </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A7" title="鈧">鈧</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A6" title="鈦">鈦</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%A9" title="釩">釩</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%BB" title="鉻">鉻</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%B3" title="錳">錳</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5" title="鐵">鐵</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B7" title="鈷">鈷</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B3" title="鎳">鎳</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">銅</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%85" title="鋅">鋅</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccccc" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B5" title="鎵">鎵</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccc99" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%BA" title="鍺">鍺</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccc99" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7" title="砷">砷</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#a0ffa0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92" title="硒">硒</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffff99" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4" title="溴">溴</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#c0ffff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AA" title="氪">氪</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ff6666" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A3" title="銣">銣</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffdead" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%B6" title="鍶">鍶</a> </td> <td align="center" colspan="14" style="border:1px">  </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%94" title="釔">釔</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%AF" title="鋯">鋯</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%AE" title="鈮">鈮</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%AC" title="鉬">鉬</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%80" title="鍀">鎝鍀</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%95" title="釕">釕</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A0" title="銠">銠</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%80" title="鈀">鈀</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">銀</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%98" title="鎘">鎘</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccccc" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A6" title="銦">銦</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccccc" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%AB" title="錫">錫</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccc99" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%BB" title="銻">銻</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccc99" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2" title="碲">碲</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffff99" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98" title="碘">碘</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#c0ffff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99" title="氙">氙</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ff6666" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%AB" title="銫">銫</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffdead" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%87" title="鋇">鋇</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffbfff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AD" title="鑭">鑭</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffbfff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%B0" title="鈰">鈰</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffbfff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%A0" title="鐠">鐠</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffbfff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%B9" title="釹">釹</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffbfff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%95" title="鉕">鉕</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffbfff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%A4" title="釤">釤</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffbfff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%AA" title="銪">銪</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffbfff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%93" title="釓">釓</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffbfff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%B1" title="鋱">鋱</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffbfff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%91" title="鏑">鏑</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffbfff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%A5" title="鈥">鈥</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffbfff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%BA" title="鉺">鉺</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffbfff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A9" title="銩">銩</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffbfff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%BF" title="鐿">鐿</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffbfff" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%91%A5" title="鑥">鎦鑥</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%BF" title="鉿">鉿</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%AD" title="鉭">鉭</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%A2" title="鎢">鎢</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%B8" title="錸">錸</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%A8" title="鋨">鋨</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A5" title="銥">銥</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%91" title="鉑">鉑</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" 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#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%80" title="錀">錀</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B6" title="鎶">鎶</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#e8e8e8" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%A8" title="鉨">鉨</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#e8e8e8" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%87" title="鈇">鈇</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#e8e8e8" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%8C" title="鏌">鏌</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#e8e8e8" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9D" title="鉝">鉝</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#e8e8e8" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC" title="鿬"><span class="inline-unihan" style="display: inline-table; width: 1.1em; height: 1.1em; line-height: 1em; border-bottom: 1px dotted; vertical-align: text-bottom; text-align: center; cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'MingLiU-ExtB', 'TH-Tshyn-P2', 'TH-Tshyn-P1', 'TH-Tshyn-P0', 'SimSun-ExtB', 'Sun-ExtB', SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, LastResort;" title="字符描述：⿰石田 
※此字或缺於貴系統，故示以空白、方塊、問號。">鿬</span></a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#e8e8e8" style="border:1px solid #ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AB" title="鿫"><span class="inline-unihan" style="display: inline-table; width: 1.1em; height: 1.1em; line-height: 1em; border-bottom: 1px dotted; vertical-align: text-bottom; text-align: center; cursor: help; font-family: sans-serif, 'MingLiU-ExtB', 'TH-Tshyn-P2', 'TH-Tshyn-P1', 'TH-Tshyn-P0', 'SimSun-ExtB', 'Sun-ExtB', SimSun-ExtB, TH-Tshyn-P0, TH-Tshyn-P1, TH-Tshyn-P2, Jigmo3, Jigmo2, Jigmo, ZhongHuaSongPlane15, ZhongHuaSongPlane02, ZhongHuaSongPlane00, 'FZSongS-Extended', 'FZSongS-Extended(SIP)', 'WenQuanYi Zen Hei Mono', 'BabelStone Han', 'HanaMinB', 'FZSong-Extended', 'Arial Unicode MS', Code2002, DFSongStd, 'STHeiti SC', unifont, LastResort;" title="字符描述：⿹气奧 
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