How to handle errors in express - Building a Website with Node.js and Express.js Video Tutorial

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Be it some syntax problem or a field database call. Your application will run into errors and if they aren't handled gracefully, the question isn't if but when some error will take down your website and you get an angry call from a client. There're a few patterns and good practices to gracefully deal with errors in Express. We're already learned that in Express, each middleware function can either send a response which ends the request cycle or call the next middleware in the chain using next. But what happens when an error occurs inside the middleware or route? Let's try this out. So I open server.js and in there, I will just create some route that simulates an error. I do this right after the express.static middleware. I add app.get /throw and this gets as we know a request, response and the next argument and in there, I will now use the regular JavaScript function, throw new Error and I say Something did throw. Let's open the browser to run this route, so it's /throw localhost:3000/throw and we see we get the error message and we also get the so-called stack trace. It's not pretty but the application is still running so when I head back to the index page, I see that everything is still generally fine. In my console, I also see that the error was logged out here. So that's the default provided by Express. So using throw would be a legit way to report an arrow. When something goes wrong, just throw an error and Express will show some error message. This is true as long as you aren't in an asynchronous invocation. I show you that by simply using setTimeout. That's an easy way to simulate asynchronicity in Node.js, so I will create the setTimeout function here. And I move this throw statement into setTimeout and this should run after say 500 milliseconds. Let's open this throw root again and we see that now we get a pretty solid error. So this site cannot be reached and when I look back on the website on the index page, I see that the page is down. Looking into Visual Studio Code again, I see that Nodemon tells us that the app crashed. So as we see, throwing from an asynchronous invocation will crash your app and this is obviously something you want to and have to avoid. So how can we return errors from asynchronous invocations? This is where next comes into play again because next accepts an error as first argument. So if I now run into an error in this timeout function, I can simply do a return next and I don't use throw anymore but I just return the error object here. And when I head back to my /throw route, I see that we get now a proper error back. The stack trace is shorter because it's in an asynchronous invocation and there Node.js does not see so much of what happened before. So as we learned now, our general rule is to never throw from your Express routes and middlewares because it can take down your whole application. Nowadays, we also have async await and we use a lot throughout this course. With async await, we don't have a callback as we have it here in setTimeout and we need another way to handle errors that happen in this asynchronous invocation. So to try that out, we can just use the middleware that we created before to get the names and I remove this row route again and I will just now go into this getNames function and I will throw from there. So in this map function, maybe that returns us the speakers, I will now throw an error, throw new Error. And I call it Async await error. Next, let's reload the index page and we see that the application hangs completely. So this is bad again. Application not reachable. Completely broken. So what happened here? When I look into the error message on the console, I see that I get an unhandled promise rejection warning. This means that we got an error but it was not properly handled. So how can we handle that? In server.js, I will now use a try catch block, so add try, catch, you should be familiar with that. So that's regular JavaScript and all the code goes into the try block but if something goes wrong, I end up in the catch block and there I get an error object where I can now simply do a return next error again. Let's reload the page and we see that we get now this Async await error. It's still not pretty but it does not take down our application. Next, let's apply what we just learned to the routes we already created so I go to the index route and there I will now create a new try catch statement and I copy over all this old code block into the try block and if an error occurs, I return next error and I have to get next as function argument here because I only had request, response because I was not using next yet. This looks good but now ESLint complains we now also have to return from the try block. I do the same now for the speakers route. Again, a try catch block. And there I move the code over here. And do a return next error. And now you should know already how this works. I'm doing that also for the speakers-detail. So while we're doing that, we have the good feeling of making our app really resilient to any error that could occur. And a return from here as well and all that and I also have to get this next callback as argument and finally, let's do this also for feedback. So always when you see an await statement in a route, it's a good call to use try catch to handle a possible error within this asynchronous invocation. So now application is way more resilient to errors than it was before but we also saw that this default error page by Express is not really pretty or user friendly. So if a user runs into that, they will most probably think something is terribly wrong with the website. We should find a way to override the Express default error handler and show something more pretty to the user in case something happens and we will do that right now. 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Be it some syntax problem or a field database call. Your application will run into errors and if they aren't handled gracefully, the question isn't if but when some error will take down your website and you get an angry call from a client. There're a few patterns and good practices to gracefully deal with errors in Express. We're already learned that in Express, each middleware function can either send a response which ends the request cycle or call the next middleware in the chain using next. But what happens when an error occurs inside the middleware or route? Let's try this out. So I open server.js and in there, I will just create some route that simulates an error. I do this right after the express.static middleware. I add app.get /throw and this gets as we know a request, response and the next argument and in there, I will now use the regular JavaScript function, throw new Error and I say Something did throw. Let's open the browser to run this route, so it's /throw localhost:3000/throw and we see we get the error message and we also get the so-called stack trace. It's not pretty but the application is still running so when I head back to the index page, I see that everything is still generally fine. In my console, I also see that the error was logged out here. So that's the default provided by Express. So using throw would be a legit way to report an arrow. When something goes wrong, just throw an error and Express will show some error message. This is true as long as you aren't in an asynchronous invocation. I show you that by simply using setTimeout. That's an easy way to simulate asynchronicity in Node.js, so I will create the setTimeout function here. And I move this throw statement into setTimeout and this should run after say 500 milliseconds. Let's open this throw root again and we see that now we get a pretty solid error. So this site cannot be reached and when I look back on the website on the index page, I see that the page is down. Looking into Visual Studio Code again, I see that Nodemon tells us that the app crashed. So as we see, throwing from an asynchronous invocation will crash your app and this is obviously something you want to and have to avoid. So how can we return errors from asynchronous invocations? This is where next comes into play again because next accepts an error as first argument. So if I now run into an error in this timeout function, I can simply do a return next and I don't use throw anymore but I just return the error object here. And when I head back to my /throw route, I see that we get now a proper error back. The stack trace is shorter because it's in an asynchronous invocation and there Node.js does not see so much of what happened before. So as we learned now, our general rule is to never throw from your Express routes and middlewares because it can take down your whole application. Nowadays, we also have async await and we use a lot throughout this course. With async await, we don't have a callback as we have it here in setTimeout and we need another way to handle errors that happen in this asynchronous invocation. So to try that out, we can just use the middleware that we created before to get the names and I remove this row route again and I will just now go into this getNames function and I will throw from there. So in this map function, maybe that returns us the speakers, I will now throw an error, throw new Error. And I call it Async await error. Next, let's reload the index page and we see that the application hangs completely. So this is bad again. Application not reachable. Completely broken. So what happened here? When I look into the error message on the console, I see that I get an unhandled promise rejection warning. This means that we got an error but it was not properly handled. So how can we handle that? In server.js, I will now use a try catch block, so add try, catch, you should be familiar with that. So that's regular JavaScript and all the code goes into the try block but if something goes wrong, I end up in the catch block and there I get an error object where I can now simply do a return next error again. Let's reload the page and we see that we get now this Async await error. It's still not pretty but it does not take down our application. Next, let's apply what we just learned to the routes we already created so I go to the index route and there I will now create a new try catch statement and I copy over all this old code block into the try block and if an error occurs, I return next error and I have to get next as function argument here because I only had request, response because I was not using next yet. This looks good but now ESLint complains we now also have to return from the try block. I do the same now for the speakers route. Again, a try catch block. And there I move the code over here. And do a return next error. And now you should know already how this works. I'm doing that also for the speakers-detail. So while we're doing that, we have the good feeling of making our app really resilient to any error that could occur. And a return from here as well and all that and I also have to get this next callback as argument and finally, let's do this also for feedback. So always when you see an await statement in a route, it's a good call to use try catch to handle a possible error within this asynchronous invocation. So now application is way more resilient to errors than it was before but we also saw that this default error page by Express is not really pretty or user friendly. So if a user runs into that, they will most probably think something is terribly wrong with the website. We should find a way to override the Express default error handler and show something more pretty to the user in case something happens and we will do that right now. </p> </div> </div> </section> </div>  <div class="tab__panel" tabindex="0" role="tabpanel" hidden> <section class="core-section-container my-3 offline">  <h2 class="core-section-container__title section-title"> Download courses and learn on the go </h2>  <div class="core-section-container__content break-words"> <p class="offline__description"> Watch courses on your mobile device without an internet connection. 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with Node and Express </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 50s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/what-you-should-know?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--unlocked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/5jwhkytplzxiejvhzfu0t7m8l" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--unlocked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> What you should know </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 1m 5s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/using-the-exercise-files-and-github-24696875?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--unlocked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/5jwhkytplzxiejvhzfu0t7m8l" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--unlocked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Using the exercise files and GitHub </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 3m 40s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/setting-up-your-development-environment?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--unlocked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/5jwhkytplzxiejvhzfu0t7m8l" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--unlocked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Setting up your development environment </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 1m 36s </div> </div> </a> </li> </ul>  </div> </li> <li class="toc-section"> <div class="show-more-less"> <button class="show-more-less__button show-more-less__more-button show-more-less-button " aria-expanded="false" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_toc-section_show_more"> 1. Building a Basic Express Application <icon class="show-more-less__button--chevron show-more-less-button-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cyolgscd0imw2ldqppkrb84vo"></icon> </button> <button class="show-more-less__button show-more-less__less-button show-more-less-button show-more-less__button--hide" aria-expanded="false" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_toc-section_show_more"> 1. Building a Basic Express Application <icon class="show-more-less__button--chevron show-more-less-button-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/4chtt12k98xwnba1nimld2oyg"></icon> </button> <ul data-max-num-to-show="0" class="show-more-less__list show-more-less__list--hide-after-0" data-impression-id="learning-course_toc-section_show-more-less"> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/create-an-express-server-in-three-minutes?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Create an Express server in three minutes </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 4m 9s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/building-from-a-html-page-or-template?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Building from a HTML page or template </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 4m 23s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/serving-html-pages-and-static-content?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--unlocked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/5jwhkytplzxiejvhzfu0t7m8l" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--unlocked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Serving HTML pages and static content </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 4m 43s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/setting-up-eslint-and-prettier?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Setting up ESLint and Prettier </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 6m 46s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/setting-up-nodemon?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Setting up nodemon </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 2m 12s </div> </div> </a> </li> </ul>  </div> </li> <li class="toc-section"> <div class="show-more-less"> <button class="show-more-less__button show-more-less__more-button show-more-less-button " aria-expanded="false" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_toc-section_show_more"> 2. Template Engines <icon class="show-more-less__button--chevron show-more-less-button-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cyolgscd0imw2ldqppkrb84vo"></icon> </button> <button class="show-more-less__button show-more-less__less-button show-more-less-button show-more-less__button--hide" aria-expanded="false" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_toc-section_show_more"> 2. Template Engines <icon class="show-more-less__button--chevron show-more-less-button-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/4chtt12k98xwnba1nimld2oyg"></icon> </button> <ul data-max-num-to-show="0" class="show-more-less__list show-more-less__list--hide-after-0" data-impression-id="learning-course_toc-section_show-more-less"> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/template-engines-and-express?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Template engines and Express </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 1m 49s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/getting-to-know-the-ejs-template-engine?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Getting to know the EJS template engine </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 3m 7s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/rendering-the-index-page-with-ejs?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Rendering the index page with EJS </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 2m 41s </div> </div> </a> </li> </ul>  </div> </li> <li class="toc-section"> <div class="show-more-less"> <button class="show-more-less__button show-more-less__more-button show-more-less-button " aria-expanded="false" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_toc-section_show_more"> 3. Express Routes and Middleware <icon class="show-more-less__button--chevron show-more-less-button-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cyolgscd0imw2ldqppkrb84vo"></icon> </button> <button class="show-more-less__button show-more-less__less-button show-more-less-button show-more-less__button--hide" aria-expanded="false" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_toc-section_show_more"> 3. Express Routes and Middleware <icon class="show-more-less__button--chevron show-more-less-button-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/4chtt12k98xwnba1nimld2oyg"></icon> </button> <ul data-max-num-to-show="0" class="show-more-less__list show-more-less__list--hide-after-0" data-impression-id="learning-course_toc-section_show-more-less"> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/express-middleware-and-routes?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Express middleware and routes </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 6m 12s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/modular-routes-with-express-router?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Modular routes with express.Router </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 4m 22s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/creating-routes-for-all-subpages?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Creating routes for all subpages </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 6m 58s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/add-business-logic?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Add business logic </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 8m 26s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/add-a-session-management-middleware?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Add a session management middleware </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 6m 40s </div> </div> </a> </li> </ul>  </div> </li> <li class="toc-section"> <div class="show-more-less"> <button class="show-more-less__button show-more-less__more-button show-more-less-button " aria-expanded="false" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_toc-section_show_more"> 4. Professional Templating with Express <icon class="show-more-less__button--chevron show-more-less-button-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cyolgscd0imw2ldqppkrb84vo"></icon> </button> <button class="show-more-less__button show-more-less__less-button show-more-less-button show-more-less__button--hide" aria-expanded="false" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_toc-section_show_more"> 4. Professional Templating with Express <icon class="show-more-less__button--chevron show-more-less-button-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/4chtt12k98xwnba1nimld2oyg"></icon> </button> <ul data-max-num-to-show="0" class="show-more-less__list show-more-less__list--hide-after-0" data-impression-id="learning-course_toc-section_show-more-less"> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/create-a-site-wide-layout?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Create a site-wide layout </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 6m 54s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/using-partials-with-ejs?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Using partials with EJS </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 4m 56s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/template-variables-in-more-detail?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Template variables in more detail </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 5m 57s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/looping-through-lists-in-templates?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Looping through lists in templates </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 11m 33s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/creating-a-list-page?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Creating a list page </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 6m 4s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/using-parameter-routes?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Using parameter routes </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 7m 9s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/challenge-partials-and-lists?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Challenge: Partials and lists </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 2m 20s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/solution-partials-and-lists?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Solution: Partials and lists </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 8m 46s </div> </div> </a> </li> </ul>  </div> </li> <li class="toc-section"> <div class="show-more-less"> <button class="show-more-less__button show-more-less__more-button show-more-less-button show-more-less__button--hide" aria-expanded="true" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_toc-section_show_more"> 5. Handling Errors Gracefully <icon class="show-more-less__button--chevron show-more-less-button-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cyolgscd0imw2ldqppkrb84vo"></icon> </button> <button class="show-more-less__button show-more-less__less-button show-more-less-button " aria-expanded="true" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_toc-section_show_more"> 5. Handling Errors Gracefully <icon class="show-more-less__button--chevron show-more-less-button-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/4chtt12k98xwnba1nimld2oyg"></icon> </button> <ul data-max-num-to-show="0" class="show-more-less__list " data-impression-id="learning-course_toc-section_show-more-less"> <li class="toc-item toc-item--active"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/how-to-handle-errors-in-express?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="true"> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--unlocked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/5jwhkytplzxiejvhzfu0t7m8l" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--unlocked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> How to handle errors in express </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 8m 14s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/creating-an-error-page?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Creating an error page </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 7m 22s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/populating-the-error-page?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Populating the error page </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 1m 57s </div> </div> </a> </li> </ul>  </div> </li> <li class="toc-section"> <div class="show-more-less"> <button class="show-more-less__button show-more-less__more-button show-more-less-button " aria-expanded="false" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_toc-section_show_more"> 6. Handling Form Data <icon class="show-more-less__button--chevron show-more-less-button-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cyolgscd0imw2ldqppkrb84vo"></icon> </button> <button class="show-more-less__button show-more-less__less-button show-more-less-button show-more-less__button--hide" aria-expanded="false" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_toc-section_show_more"> 6. Handling Form Data <icon class="show-more-less__button--chevron show-more-less-button-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/4chtt12k98xwnba1nimld2oyg"></icon> </button> <ul data-max-num-to-show="0" class="show-more-less__list show-more-less__list--hide-after-0" data-impression-id="learning-course_toc-section_show-more-less"> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/creating-a-form-template?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Creating a form template </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 5m 26s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/handling-post-requests?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Handling POST requests </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 5m 36s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/validating-and-sanitizing-user-input?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Validating and sanitizing user input </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 10m 31s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/storing-data?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Storing data </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 4m 41s </div> </div> </a> </li> </ul>  </div> </li> <li class="toc-section"> <div class="show-more-less"> <button class="show-more-less__button show-more-less__more-button show-more-less-button " aria-expanded="false" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_toc-section_show_more"> 7. Creating APIs with Express <icon class="show-more-less__button--chevron show-more-less-button-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cyolgscd0imw2ldqppkrb84vo"></icon> </button> <button class="show-more-less__button show-more-less__less-button show-more-less-button show-more-less__button--hide" aria-expanded="false" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_toc-section_show_more"> 7. Creating APIs with Express <icon class="show-more-less__button--chevron show-more-less-button-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/4chtt12k98xwnba1nimld2oyg"></icon> </button> <ul data-max-num-to-show="0" class="show-more-less__list show-more-less__list--hide-after-0" data-impression-id="learning-course_toc-section_show-more-less"> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/a-little-intro-to-rest-apis?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--unlocked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/5jwhkytplzxiejvhzfu0t7m8l" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--unlocked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> A little intro to REST APIs </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 3m 52s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/creating-and-testing-an-api-endpoint?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Creating and testing an API endpoint </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 8m 19s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/add-client-side-javascript?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Add client side JavaScript </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 3m 16s </div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/updating-the-page-from-rest?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Updating the page from REST </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 7m 29s </div> </div> </a> </li> </ul>  </div> </li> <li class="toc-section"> <div class="show-more-less"> <button class="show-more-less__button show-more-less__more-button show-more-less-button " aria-expanded="false" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_toc-section_show_more"> Conclusion <icon class="show-more-less__button--chevron show-more-less-button-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cyolgscd0imw2ldqppkrb84vo"></icon> </button> <button class="show-more-less__button show-more-less__less-button show-more-less-button show-more-less__button--hide" aria-expanded="false" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_toc-section_show_more"> Conclusion <icon class="show-more-less__button--chevron show-more-less-button-icon" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/4chtt12k98xwnba1nimld2oyg"></icon> </button> <ul data-max-num-to-show="0" class="show-more-less__list show-more-less__list--hide-after-0" data-impression-id="learning-course_toc-section_show-more-less"> <li class="toc-item"> <a data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_tocItem" data-tracking-will-navigate href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/building-a-website-with-node-js-and-express-js-3/build-on-what-you-ve-learned?autoplay=true&trk=learning-course_tocItem" class="toc-item__link" aria-current="false"> <span class="a11y-text">(Locked)</span> <icon class="table-of-contents__item-status table-of-contents__item-status--locked" data-delayed-url="https://static.licdn.com/aero-v1/sc/h/cfu0devb5o77ym5x8vv0oilfz" data-svg-class-name="table-of-contents__item-status-svg--locked"></icon> <div class="table-of-contents__item-details"> <div class="table-of-contents__item-title"> Build on what you've learned </div> <div class="table-of-contents__item-duration"> 41s </div> </div> </a> </li> </ul>  </div> </li> </ul> </section> </section> </main> <div class="pre-footer "> <section class="core-section-container my-3 price-disclaimer">    <div class="core-section-container__content break-words"> <p class="price-disclaimer__copy"> <sup class="price-disclaimer__copy--sup">*</sup>Price may change based on profile and billing country information entered during Sign In or Registration </p> </div> </section> <section class="tw-linkster bg-cool-gray-20 browse-map" data-impression-id="learning-course_linkster" data-js-module-id="linkster"> <div class="max-w-screen-content-max-w w-full flex justify-between my-0 mx-auto mamabear:px-3 babybear:px-2 babybear:flex-col"> <div class="flex-1 w-1/2 pt-2 pr-4 pb-4 pl-0 babybear:pb-2 babybear:w-full babybear:border-b-1 babybear:border-solid babybear:border-color-border-low-emphasis babybear:last:border-b-0"> <h3 class="text-md font-bold text-color-text leading-open"> Explore Business Topics </h3> <ul class="my-1"> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/business-analysis-and-strategy?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Business Analysis and Strategy </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/business-software-and-tools?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Business Software and Tools </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/career-development-5?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Career Development </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/customer-service-3?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Customer Service </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/diversity-equity-and-inclusion-dei?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/finance-and-accounting?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Finance and Accounting </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/human-resources-3?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Human Resources </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/leadership-and-management?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Leadership and Management </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/marketing-2?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Marketing </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/professional-development?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Professional Development </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/project-management?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Project Management </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/sales-3?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Sales </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/small-business-and-entrepreneurship?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Small Business and Entrepreneurship </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/training-and-education?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Training and Education </a> </li> </ul> <a class="link tw-linkster-general-link" aria-label="See all business courses" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/business?trk=learning-course_browsemap_general-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_general-link" data-tracking-will-navigate> See all </a> </div> <div class="flex-1 w-1/2 pt-2 pr-4 pb-4 pl-0 babybear:pb-2 babybear:w-full babybear:border-b-1 babybear:border-solid babybear:border-color-border-low-emphasis babybear:last:border-b-0"> <h3 class="text-md font-bold text-color-text leading-open"> Explore Creative Topics </h3> <ul class="my-1"> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/aec?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> AEC </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/animation-and-illustration?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Animation and Illustration </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/audio-and-music?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Audio and Music </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/graphic-design?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Graphic Design </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/motion-graphics-and-vfx?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Motion Graphics and VFX </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" href="https://www.linkedin.com/learning/topics/photography-2?trk=learning-course_browsemap_link" data-js-module-id="link-column-link" data-tracking-control-name="learning-course_browsemap_link" data-tracking-will-navigate> Photography </a> </li> <li class="tw-link-column-item"> <a class="link tw-linkster-link" 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lang="hu_HU"> Magyar (Hungarian) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-in_ID" data-locale="in_ID" role="menuitem" lang="in_ID"> Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Italiano (Italian)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-it_IT" data-locale="it_IT" role="menuitem" lang="it_IT"> Italiano (Italian) </button> </li> <li 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class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-ko_KR" data-locale="ko_KR" role="menuitem" lang="ko_KR"> 한국어 (Korean) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="मराठी (Marathi)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-mr_IN" data-locale="mr_IN" role="menuitem" lang="mr_IN"> मराठी (Marathi) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Bahasa Malaysia (Malay)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-ms_MY" data-locale="ms_MY" role="menuitem" lang="ms_MY"> Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Nederlands (Dutch)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-nl_NL" data-locale="nl_NL" role="menuitem" lang="nl_NL"> Nederlands (Dutch) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Norsk (Norwegian)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-no_NO" data-locale="no_NO" role="menuitem" lang="no_NO"> Norsk (Norwegian) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (Punjabi)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-pa_IN" data-locale="pa_IN" role="menuitem" lang="pa_IN"> ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (Punjabi) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Polski (Polish)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-pl_PL" data-locale="pl_PL" role="menuitem" lang="pl_PL"> Polski (Polish) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Português (Portuguese)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-pt_BR" data-locale="pt_BR" role="menuitem" lang="pt_BR"> Português (Portuguese) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Română (Romanian)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-ro_RO" data-locale="ro_RO" role="menuitem" lang="ro_RO"> Română (Romanian) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Русский (Russian)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-ru_RU" data-locale="ru_RU" role="menuitem" lang="ru_RU"> Русский (Russian) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Svenska (Swedish)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-sv_SE" data-locale="sv_SE" role="menuitem" lang="sv_SE"> Svenska (Swedish) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="తెలుగు (Telugu)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-te_IN" data-locale="te_IN" role="menuitem" lang="te_IN"> తెలుగు (Telugu) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="ภาษาไทย (Thai)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-th_TH" data-locale="th_TH" role="menuitem" lang="th_TH"> ภาษาไทย (Thai) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Tagalog (Tagalog)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-tl_PH" data-locale="tl_PH" role="menuitem" lang="tl_PH"> Tagalog (Tagalog) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Türkçe (Turkish)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-tr_TR" data-locale="tr_TR" role="menuitem" lang="tr_TR"> Türkçe (Turkish) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Українська (Ukrainian)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-uk_UA" data-locale="uk_UA" role="menuitem" lang="uk_UA"> Українська (Ukrainian) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese)" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark focus:bg-color-action focus:text-color-text-on-dark language-selector__link !font-regular" data-tracking-control-name="language-selector-vi_VN" data-locale="vi_VN" role="menuitem" lang="vi_VN"> Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese) </button> </li> <li class="language-selector__item" role="presentation">  <button aria-label="简体中文 (Chinese (Simplified))" class="font-sans text-xs link block py-[5px] px-2 w-full hover:cursor-pointer hover:bg-color-action hover:text-color-text-on-dark 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