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items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="faq/pdfrotate.html" class="md-nav__link"> Why are some pages in the generated PDF file rotated? </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="faq/psbad.html" class="md-nav__link"> Why are there Problems with my PostScript File? </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="faq/psjunk.html" class="md-nav__link"> Why is my PostScript File so Large? </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="faq/pstricks.html" class="md-nav__link"> Using PSTricks on arXiv </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="faq/references.html" class="md-nav__link"> References to and in arXiv Documents </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="faq/revtex.html" class="md-nav__link"> Status of REVTeX 4 and REVTeX 4.1 support </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="faq/srcfaq.html" class="md-nav__link"> Nota Bene (updated 30 Jun '97) </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="faq/statfaq.html" class="md-nav__link"> Frequently Asked Questions on Public Statistics </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="faq/texlive.html" class="md-nav__link"> Notes about arXiv's TeXLive Version </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="faq/texprobs.html" class="md-nav__link"> Why doesn't my processed TeX submission look the way I expected it? </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="faq/textures.html" class="md-nav__link"> Textures </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="faq/today.html" class="md-nav__link"> Why Does My Paper Give the Wrong Date? </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="faq/whynostamp.html" class="md-nav__link"> Why doesn't my paper have the arXiv id stamped on the side of the page? </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <!-- Currently active page --> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="submit_status.html" class="md-nav__link"> Status Information </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="ancillary_files.html" class="md-nav__link"> Ancillary Files (data, code, images) </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="availability.html" class="md-nav__link"> Availability of submissions </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="cross.html" class="md-nav__link"> Category cross listing </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active"> <!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section --> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="toc" type="checkbox" id="__toc" /> <!-- Hack: see partials/toc.html for more information --> <!-- Render table of contents, if not empty --> <label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc" tabindex="0"> Endorsement <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <a href="endorsement.html" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" > Endorsement </a> <!-- Show table of contents --> <!-- Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com> Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. --> <!-- Determine title --> <!-- Table of contents --> <nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents"> <!-- Table of contents title and list --> <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc"> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Table of contents </label> <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="#the-arxiv-endorsement-system" class="md-nav__link"> The arXiv endorsement system </a> <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="The arXiv endorsement system"> <ul class="md-nav__list"> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="#why-does-arxiv-require-endorsement" class="md-nav__link"> Why does arXiv require endorsement? </a> </li> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="#how-can-i-get-endorsed" class="md-nav__link"> How can I get endorsed? </a> </li> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="#who-can-endorse" class="md-nav__link"> Who can endorse? </a> </li> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="#what-are-my-responsibilities-as-an-endorser" class="md-nav__link"> What are my responsibilities as an endorser? </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <!-- Main navigation item --> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="jref.html" class="md-nav__link"> Adding Journal Reference and DOI </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="license/index.html" class="md-nav__link"> Licenses </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="overlap.html" class="md-nav__link"> Text Overlap </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="prep.html" class="md-nav__link"> Metadata for Required and Optional Fields </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="replace.html" class="md-nav__link"> Submit a new version of a work </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="sizes.html" class="md-nav__link"> Oversized Submissions </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="submit_index.html" class="md-nav__link"> Submit a Paper List for Conference Proceedings </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="tar.html" class="md-nav__link"> Creating tar and zip Files for Upload </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="tex.html" class="md-nav__link"> What is TeX </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="third_party_submission.html" class="md-nav__link"> Proxy / Third Party Submission </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="translations.html" class="md-nav__link"> Translations </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="versions.html" class="md-nav__link"> Version Availability </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="faq/whytex.html" class="md-nav__link"> Why Submit TeX? </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="withdraw.html" class="md-nav__link"> Withdraw / Retract a Submission </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <!-- Currently active page --> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <!-- Determine whether to render item as a section --> <!-- Render item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section --> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3_3" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3_3" /> <!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages --> <!-- Render toggle to expand nested items --> <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3_3" tabindex="0" aria-hidden="true" aria-expanded="false"> Find and Read Articles <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <!-- Render link to index page + toggle --> <!-- Render nested navigation --> <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Find and Read Articles" data-md-level="2" > <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_3"> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Find and Read Articles </label> <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix> <!-- Render nested item list --> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="find/index.html" class="md-nav__link"> Finding Articles </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="find.html" class="md-nav__link"> Search for articles </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="view.html" class="md-nav__link"> Viewing submissions </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="subscribe.html" class="md-nav__link"> Email subscriptions for new papers </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="arxiv_identifier.html" class="md-nav__link"> arXiv Identifier </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="config_browser.html" class="md-nav__link"> Configuring your browser </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="rss.html" class="md-nav__link"> RSS Feeds </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="license/index.html" class="md-nav__link"> Licenses </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="license/reuse.html" class="md-nav__link"> Permissions and Reuse </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="mathjax.html" class="md-nav__link"> What is MathJax? </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <!-- Currently active page --> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <!-- Determine whether to render item as a section --> <!-- Render item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section --> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3_4" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3_4" /> <!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages --> <!-- Render toggle to expand nested items --> <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3_4" tabindex="0" aria-hidden="true" aria-expanded="false"> Accounts <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <!-- Render link to index page + toggle --> <!-- Render nested navigation --> <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Accounts" data-md-level="2" > <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_4"> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Accounts </label> <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix> <!-- Render nested item list --> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="accounts/index.html" class="md-nav__link"> Index </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="registerhelp.html" class="md-nav__link"> Directions for Author Registration </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="author_identifiers.html" class="md-nav__link"> Author Identifiers </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="orcid.html" class="md-nav__link"> ORCID identifiers </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="authority.html" class="md-nav__link"> Authority Records </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="not-registered.html" class="md-nav__link"> Why isn't a Person "Registered as an Author?" </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <!-- Currently active page --> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <!-- Determine whether to render item as a section --> <!-- Render item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section --> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3_5" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3_5" /> <!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages --> <!-- Render toggle to expand nested items --> <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3_5" tabindex="0" aria-hidden="true" aria-expanded="false"> Bulk Access to Metadata and Full Text <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <!-- Render link to index page + toggle --> <!-- Render nested navigation --> <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Bulk Access to Metadata and Full Text" data-md-level="2" > <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_5"> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Bulk Access to Metadata and Full Text </label> <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix> <!-- Render nested item list --> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="bulk_data/index.html" class="md-nav__link"> Index </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="arxiv_identifier_for_services.html" class="md-nav__link"> arXiv Identifier for Interacting Services </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="bulk_data_s3.html" class="md-nav__link"> Full Text via S3 </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="api/index.html" class="md-nav__link"> API for Metadata </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="rss.html" class="md-nav__link"> RSS Feeds </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="ir.html" class="md-nav__link"> Institutional Repository Interoperability </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="bib_feed.html" class="md-nav__link"> Automated DOI and journal reference updates from publishers </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <!-- Currently active page --> </ul> </nav> </li> <!-- Currently active page --> <!-- Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com> Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. --> <!-- Wrap everything with a macro to reduce file roundtrips (see #2213) --> <!-- Render current and nested navigation items --> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <!-- Determine whether to render item as a section --> <!-- Render item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section --> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_4" type="checkbox" id="__nav_4" /> <!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages --> <!-- Render toggle to expand nested items --> <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4" tabindex="0" aria-hidden="true" aria-expanded="false"> Brand <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <!-- Render link to index page + toggle --> <!-- Render nested navigation --> <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Brand" data-md-level="1" > <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4"> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Brand </label> <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix> <!-- Render nested item list --> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="../brand/index.html" class="md-nav__link"> Our Brand </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="../brand/brand-guidelines.html" class="md-nav__link"> Name and logo use </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="../brand/brand-pillars.html" class="md-nav__link"> Brand pillars </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="../brand/colors.html" class="md-nav__link"> Colors </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="../brand/fonts.html" class="md-nav__link"> Fonts </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="../brand/images.html" class="md-nav__link"> Images </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="../brand/logos.html" class="md-nav__link"> Logos </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="../brand/quotes.html" class="md-nav__link"> Quotes </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="../brand/swag.html" class="md-nav__link"> Swag </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="../brand/tagline.html" class="md-nav__link"> Tagline </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="../brand/typography.html" class="md-nav__link"> Typography </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="../brand/voice.html" class="md-nav__link"> Voice </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <!-- Currently active page --> <!-- Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com> Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. --> <!-- Wrap everything with a macro to reduce file roundtrips (see #2213) --> <!-- Render current and nested navigation items --> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <!-- Determine whether to render item as a section --> <!-- Render item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested"> <!-- Active checkbox expands items contained within nested section --> <input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_5" type="checkbox" id="__nav_5" /> <!-- Determine all nested items that are index pages --> <!-- Render toggle to expand nested items --> <label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_5" tabindex="0" aria-hidden="true" aria-expanded="false"> Labs <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> </label> <!-- Render link to index page + toggle --> <!-- Render nested navigation --> <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Labs" data-md-level="1" > <label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_5"> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Labs </label> <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix> <!-- Render nested item list --> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="../labs/index.html" class="md-nav__link"> arXivLabs: An invitation to collaborate </a> </li> <!-- Determine class according to state --> <!-- Main navigation item with nested items --> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="../labs/showcase.html" class="md-nav__link"> arXivLabs: Showcase </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> <!-- Currently active page --> <!-- Copyright (c) 2016-2022 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com> Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. 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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. --> <!-- Determine title --> <!-- Table of contents --> <nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents"> <!-- Table of contents title and list --> <label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc"> <span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span> Table of contents </label> <ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="#the-arxiv-endorsement-system" class="md-nav__link"> The arXiv endorsement system </a> <nav class="md-nav" aria-label="The arXiv endorsement system"> <ul class="md-nav__list"> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="#why-does-arxiv-require-endorsement" class="md-nav__link"> Why does arXiv require endorsement? </a> </li> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="#how-can-i-get-endorsed" class="md-nav__link"> How can I get endorsed? </a> </li> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="#who-can-endorse" class="md-nav__link"> Who can endorse? </a> </li> <li class="md-nav__item"> <a href="#what-are-my-responsibilities-as-an-endorser" class="md-nav__link"> What are my responsibilities as an endorser? </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="md-content" data-md-component="content"> <article class="md-content__inner md-typeset"> <a href="https://github.com/arXiv/arxiv-docs/blob/develop/source/help/endorsement.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25Z"/></svg> </a> <h1 id="the-arxiv-endorsement-system">The arXiv endorsement system</h1> <p>arXiv requires that users be <em>endorsed</em> before submitting their first paper to a category.</p> <h2 id="why-does-arxiv-require-endorsement">Why does arXiv require endorsement?</h2> <p>arXiv is distinct from the web as a whole, because arXiv contains exclusively scientific content. The endorsement system verifies that arXiv contributors belong to the scientific community in a fair and sustainable way that can scale with arXiv's future growth.</p> <p><em>arXiv is an openly accessible, moderated repository for scholarly papers in specific scientific disciplines. Material submitted to arXiv is expected to be of interest, relevance, and value to those disciplines. Endorsement is a necessary but not sufficient condition to have papers accepted in arXiv; arXiv reserves the right to reject or reclassify any submission.</em></p> <p>The endorsement system ensures that arXiv content is relevant to current research at much lower cost than conventional peer-reviewed journals, so we can continue to offer free access to the scientific community and the general public. Although our system may be imperfect, people who fail to get endorsement are still free to post articles on their web site or to submit their publications to peer-reviewed journals.</p> <h2 id="how-can-i-get-endorsed">How can I get endorsed?</h2> <p>arXiv may give some people automatic endorsements based on subject area, topic, previous submissions, and academic affiliation. In most cases, automatic endorsement is given to authors from known academic institutions and research facilities. arXiv submitters are therefore encouraged to associate an institutional email address, if they have one, with their arXiv account (see <a href="registerhelp.html">author registration help</a>). This will expedite the endorsement process.</p> <p>During the submission process, however, we may require authors who are submitting papers to a subject category for the first time to get an <em>endorsement</em> from an established arXiv author. Detailed instructions on how to proceed with the endorsement request are provided at that time.</p> <p><span id="request"></span> If you need to be endorsed by someone, it is best for you to find an endorser who</p> <ol> <li>you know personally and</li> <li>is knowledgeable in the subject area of your paper.</li> </ol> <p>A good choice for graduate students would be your thesis advisor or another professor in your department/institution working in your field.</p> <p>Alternatively this is the recommended way to proceed.</p> <ol> <li>Start by finding related articles in your field. Your preprint surely has cited works that are already posted in the arXiv, some of these works will be particularly relevant.</li> <li>Bring up these abstracts from the arXiv page.</li> <li>You can find somebody qualified to endorse by clicking on the link titled "Which of these authors are endorsers?" at the bottom of every abstract page.</li> <li>Using that information, you can then find the email address of the submitter on the abstract page just under the "Submission history" heading.</li> </ol> <p>It is a good idea to send eligible endorsers a copy of your proposed submission along with the endorsement request. Please note, however, that it is inappropriate to email large numbers of potential endorsers at once, or to repeatedly email the same endorser with a request for endorsement.</p> <p>At least one positive endorsement is required per <em>endorsement domain</em> to be considered endorsed for that domain.</p> <p>arXiv reserves the right to revoke any submitter's endorsement if that submitter has violated arXiv policies.</p> <h2 id="who-can-endorse">Who can endorse?</h2> <p>Endorsers must have authored a certain number of papers within the <em>endorsement domain</em> of a subject area. The number of papers depends on the particular subject area, but has been set so that any active scientist who has been working in their field for a few years should be able to endorse if their work has been submitted to arXiv and if they are registered as an author of their papers. <strong>Endorsement domains</strong> have been chosen to reflect related subject areas and ensure that it will be easy for people to find endorsements: most high-level subject areas (e.g., hep-th, cond-mat, q-bio) are currently endorsement domains, with the notable exception of physics, in which individual subject classes (e.g., phys.acc-phys, phys.med-ph) are endorsement domains. To ensure that endorsers are active members of the community, we only count papers that have been submitted between three months and five years ago.*</p> <p>If you would like to be able to endorse, the most important thing that you can do is make sure that you are registered as an author of your papers. If you can get the <em>paper password</em> for a paper you can <a href="https://arxiv.org/auth/need-paper-password">claim ownership</a> of a paper immediately. If you don't have the paper password, you can <a href="https://arxiv.org/auth/request-ownership">request ownership</a> of a paper. Note that you must also have an active positive endorsement to that area yourself before you may endorse for that subject classification.</p> <p>* We reserve the right to suspend a person's ability to endorse.</p> <h2 id="what-are-my-responsibilities-as-an-endorser">What are my responsibilities as an endorser?</h2> <p><strong>The endorsement process is not peer review.</strong> You should know the person that you endorse <strong>or</strong> you should see the paper that the person intends to submit. We don't expect you to read the paper in detail, or verify that the work is correct, but you should check that the paper is appropriate for the subject area. You should not endorse the author if the author is unfamiliar with the basic facts of the field, or if the work is entirely disconnected with current work in the area. If you are sent a paper to read, you should treat that content as privileged information and respect its confidentiality as you would if you were asked to review it for a journal.</p> <p>If an author asks you for endorsement, they will send you a six-character alphanumeric <em>endorsement code</em>. After you enter this code on the <a href="https://arxiv.org/auth/endorse">endorsement form</a>, you can tell us that you <strong>do</strong> or <strong>do not</strong> wish to endorse a person. If you wish to abstain from the endorsement process altogether, do not submit anything on the endorsement form. If you choose not to endorse a author, you <strong>should</strong> use the endorsement form to explicitly tell us that you do not wish to endorse this person, and this will be recorded as a negative vote of endorsement.</p> <p>The fact that you have personally endorsed or not endorsed a person (as well as any optional comments) is private between you and the arXiv administrators – this information will not be shared with arXiv users or the person requesting endorsement, although under certain circumstances an author might be able to infer your action.</p> <p>If you feel uncomfortable about endorsing an author for any reason, do not do it – ask the person to find another endorser. 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