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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Нэбтэрхэ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больше возможностей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Хубиин зэмсэгүүд" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Хубиин зэмсэгүүд</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Хэрэглэлгын меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bxr.wikipedia.org&uselang=bxr"><span>Хандиб үргэхэ</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0_%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%81%D1%85%D1%8D%D1%85%D1%8D&returnto=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&returntoquery=veaction%3Dedit%26redirect%3Dno" title="Бүридхэлэй бэшэлгэ зохёогоод системэ руу орохыетнай бидэ танда дурадханабди, харин тэрэ заатагүй бэшэ."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Хэрэглэгшын дансаяа үүсхэхэ</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9:%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B1%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%85%D1%8D&returnto=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&returntoquery=veaction%3Dedit%26redirect%3Dno" title="Эндэ системэдэ бүридхэлдэ орожо болохо, гэбэшье,заатагүй тиихэ уялгатай бэшэт. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Нэбтэрхэ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страницы для неавторизованных редакторов <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D2%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%92%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" aria-label="Подробнее о редактировании"><span>узнать больше</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Энэ IP-хаягһаа хэгдэһэн заһабаринуудай список [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Тааруулга</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9:%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Минии IP-иин хэлсэлгын хуудаһан [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Хэлэлсэхэ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Гаршаг" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Гаршаг</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">нюуха</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Эхин</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Газар_зүй" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Газар_зүй"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Газар зүй</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Газар_зүй-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Эдэй_засаг" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Эдэй_засаг"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Эдэй засаг</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Эдэй_засаг-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Түүхэ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Түүхэ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Түүхэ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Түүхэ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Уран_барилга" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Уран_барилга"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Уран барилга</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Уран_барилга-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Зурагай_сомог" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Зурагай_сомог"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Зурагай сомог</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Зурагай_сомог-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Зүүлтэ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Зүүлтэ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Зүүлтэ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Зүүлтэ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Холбооһон" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Холбооһон"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Холбооһон</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Холбооһон-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Гаршаг" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Отобразить/Скрыть содержание" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Отобразить/Скрыть содержание</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Истанбул</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перейти к статье на другом языке. Доступно на 227 языках" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-227" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">227 хэлые 227 хэлэнүүдые</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Сҭампыл — абхазский" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Сҭампыл" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="абхазский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89seutamu" title="Éseutamu — ачехский" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Éseutamu" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="ачехский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Истамбыл — адыгейский" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Истамбыл" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="адыгейский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="избранная статья"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboel" title="Istanboel — африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Istanboel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — швейцарский немецкий" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарский немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A2%E1%88%B5%E1%89%B3%E1%8A%95%E1%89%A1%E1%88%8D" title="ኢስታንቡል — амхарский" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኢስታንቡል" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul — арагонский" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Istambul" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantinopolis" title="Constantinopolis — староанглийский" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Constantinopolis" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="староанглийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल — ангика" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ангика" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="избранная статья"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="إسطنبول — арабский" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إسطنبول" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%9D%DC%A3%DC%9B%DC%A2%DC%92%DC%98%DC%A0_(%DC%A1%DC%95%DC%9D%DC%A2%DC%AC%DC%90)" title="ܐܝܣܛܢܒܘܠ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ) — арамейский" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܝܣܛܢܒܘܠ (ܡܕܝܢܬܐ)" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="арамейский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="إسطنبول — Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إسطنبول" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استانبول — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="استانبول" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2" title="ইষ্টানবুল — ассамский" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ইষ্টানবুল" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ассамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul — астурийский" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул — аварский" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="аварский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल — авадхи" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="авадхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul — азербайджанский" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="ایستانبول — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایستانبول" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул — башкирский" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкирский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — балийский" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="балийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambols" title="Stambols — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Stambols" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул — белорусский" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул — белорусский (тарашкевица)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="белорусский (тарашкевица)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул — болгарский" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तांबुल — Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="इस्तांबुल" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — бамбара" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="бамбара" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2" title="ইস্তাম্বুল — бенгальский" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইস্তাম্বুল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — бретонский" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — боснийский" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="боснийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — каталанский" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Истмала — чеченский" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Истмала" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="чеченский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul — себуано" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуано" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — шайенский" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="шайенский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%88%DA%B5" title="ئەستەمبوڵ — центральнокурдский" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەستەمبوڵ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="центральнокурдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul — крымско-татарский" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="крымско-татарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — чешский" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sztamb%C3%B9l" title="Sztambùl — кашубский" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Sztambùl" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="кашубский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%A3%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%84%D1%8C_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8A" title="Цѣсар҄ь Градъ — церковнославянский" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Цѣсар҄ь Градъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="церковнославянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул — чувашский" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — валлийский" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — датский" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="хорошая статья"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — немецкий" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estamol" title="Estamol — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Estamol" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — нижнелужицкий" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="нижнелужицкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल — Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%89%CE%BD%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B7" title="Κωνσταντινούπολη — греческий" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κωνσταντινούπολη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="греческий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — английский" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbulo" title="Istanbulo — эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Istanbulo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul — испанский" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul — эстонский" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — баскский" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul — Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استانبول — персидский" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="استانبول" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персидский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — финский" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — выруский" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="выруский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — фиджи" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="фиджи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — фарерский" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="фарерский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — французский" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboul" title="Istanboul — Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Istanboul" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — северный фризский" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="северный фризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — фриульский" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="фриульский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanb%C3%BBl" title="Istanbûl — западнофризский" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Istanbûl" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западнофризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iostanb%C3%BAl" title="Iostanbúl — ирландский" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Iostanbúl" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul — гагаузский" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="гагаузский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E7%88%BE" title="伊斯坦布爾 — гань" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="伊斯坦布爾" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="гань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — гэльский" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="гэльский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul — галисийский" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Istambul" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%8A%D9%84" title="ايستامبۊل — Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="ايستامبۊل" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambul" title="Estambul — гуарани" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Estambul" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — горонтало" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="горонтало" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%80%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8C%BB" title="𐌺𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌿𐌻 — готский" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌺𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌿𐌻" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="готский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul — мэнский" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="мэнский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — хауса" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="хауса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — хакка" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="хакка" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C" title="איסטנבול — иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איסטנבול" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तांबुल — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इस्तांबुल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="избранная статья"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — хорватский" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — верхнелужицкий" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="верхнелужицкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboul" title="Istanboul — гаитянский" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Istanboul" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаитянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="избранная статья"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isztambul" title="Isztambul — венгерский" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Isztambul" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC" title="Ստամբուլ — армянский" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ստամբուլ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%BD%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BA%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC" title="Իսթանպուլ — западноармянский" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Իսթանպուլ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="западноармянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — ибанский" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="ибанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="избранная статья"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — индонезийский" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — интерлингве" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="интерлингве" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — илоко" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="илоко" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Истмале — ингушский" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Истмале" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ингушский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanb%C3%BAl" title="Istanbúl — исландский" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Istanbúl" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — итальянский" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итальянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%96%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="イスタンブール — японский" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イスタンブール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — яванский" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="избранная статья"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="სტამბოლი — грузинский" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სტამბოლი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — каракалпакский" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="каракалпакский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul — кабильский" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Istambul" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Истамбыл — кабардинский" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Истамбыл" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="кабардинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isitambuli" title="Isitambuli — Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Isitambuli" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itambut" title="Itambut — тьяп" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Itambut" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="тьяп" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul — кикуйю" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="кикуйю" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D2%B1%D0%BB" title="Ыстанбұл — казахский" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ыстанбұл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D" title="ಇಸ್ತಾಂಬುಲ್ — каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಇಸ್ತಾಂಬುಲ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%84%EB%B6%88" title="이스탄불 — корейский" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이스탄불" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул — карачаево-балкарский" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="карачаево-балкарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stembol" title="Stembol — курдский" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Stembol" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — корнский" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корнский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул — киргизский" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргизский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantinopolis" title="Constantinopolis — латинский" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Constantinopolis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estambol" title="Estambol — ладино" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Estambol" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ладино" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — люксембургский" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истамбул — лакский" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Истамбул" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="лакский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истамбул — лезгинский" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Истамбул" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="лезгинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboel" title="Istanboel — лимбургский" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Istanboel" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — лингала" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="лингала" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%9A%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%99" title="ອິສະຕັນບູນ — лаосский" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ອິສະຕັນບູນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="лаосский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambulas" title="Stambulas — литовский" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Stambulas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="избранная статья"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambula" title="Stambula — латышский" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Stambula" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल — майтхили" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="майтхили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул — мокшанский" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="мокшанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — малагасийский" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул — луговомарийский" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="луговомарийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%C4%81nipuru" title="Itānipuru — маори" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Itānipuru" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="маори" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — минангкабау" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="минангкабау" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="избранная статья"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул — македонский" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BE" title="ഇസ്താംബുൾ — малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇസ്താംബുൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул — монгольский" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монгольский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तंबूल — маратхи" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इस्तंबूल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул — горномарийский" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="горномарийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — малайский" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — мальтийский" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="мальтийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%B0%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="အစ်စတန်ဘူလ်မြို့ — бирманский" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အစ်စတန်ဘူလ်မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирманский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Стамбул ош — эрзянский" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Стамбул ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="эрзянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استامبول — мазандеранский" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="استامبول" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандеранский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — нижненемецкий" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="нижненемецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanboel" title="Istanboel — нижнесаксонский" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Istanboel" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="нижнесаксонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तानबुल — непальский" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इस्तानबुल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2" title="इस्तान्बुल — неварский" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="इस्तान्बुल" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неварский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — нидерландский" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — нюнорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нюнорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — норвежский букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежский букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coustantinobles" title="Coustantinobles — Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Coustantinobles" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C5%82ch%CA%BC%C4%AF%CA%BC_N%C3%A1%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%A1h%C3%A1" title="Ałchʼįʼ Nááʼáhá — навахо" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Ałchʼįʼ Nááʼáhá" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="навахо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — ньянджа" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="ньянджа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambol" title="Istambol — окситанский" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Istambol" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — ливвиковский карельский" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="ливвиковский карельский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул — осетинский" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="осетинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B2" title="ਇਸਤਾਨਬੁਲ — панджаби" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਸਤਾਨਬੁਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панджаби" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — папьяменто" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="папьяменто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istamboul" title="Istamboul — Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Istamboul" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbuel" title="Istanbuel — Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Istanbuel" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambu%C5%82" title="Stambuł — польский" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Stambuł" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استنبول — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="استنبول" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استنبول — пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="استنبول" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="избранная статья"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istambul" title="Istambul — португальский" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Istambul" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanpul" title="Istanpul — кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Istanpul" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — романшский" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="романшский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — влашский цыганский" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="влашский цыганский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — румынский" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул — русский" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="русский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Істанбул — русинский" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Істанбул" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="русинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — киньяруанда" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="киньяруанда" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул — саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — сардинский" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="сардинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — сицилийский" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — шотландский" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استنبول — синдхи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="استنبول" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — северносаамский" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="северносаамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — сербскохорватский" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскохорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%89%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A" title="ඉස්තාන්බුල් — сингальский" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඉස්තාන්බුල්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сингальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — словацкий" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словацкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carigrad" title="Carigrad — словенский" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Carigrad" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbuul" title="Istanbuul — сомали" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Istanbuul" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambolli" title="Stambolli — албанский" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Stambolli" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="избранная статья"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул — сербский" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — шведский" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambu%C5%82" title="Stambuł — силезский" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Stambuł" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="силезский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="இசுதான்புல் — тамильский" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இசுதான்புல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" title="ఇస్తాంబుల్ — телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇస్తాంబుల్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — тетум" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="тетум" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул — таджикский" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджикский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A5" title="อิสตันบูล — тайский" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อิสตันบูล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambul" title="Stambul — туркменский" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Stambul" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="туркменский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — талышский" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="талышский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul — турецкий" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул — татарский" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — тумбука" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="тумбука" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — тви" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="тви" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Истанбул — тувинский" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Истанбул" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="тувинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул — удмуртский" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="удмуртский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%89%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A8%DB%87%D9%84" title="ئىستانبۇل — уйгурский" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئىستانبۇل" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="уйгурский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Стамбул — украинский" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Стамбул" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="избранная статья"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="استنبول — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="استنبول" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — узбекский" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stambul" title="Stambul — вепсский" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Stambul" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="вепсский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="избранная статья"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — вьетнамский" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul — волапюк" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="волапюк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94" title="伊斯坦布尔 — у" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伊斯坦布尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="у" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="სტამბოლი — мегрельский" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სტამბოლი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="мегрельский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%95%D7%9C" title="סטאמבול — идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סטאמבול" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%9F%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8D" title="ⵉⵙⵟⴰⵏⴱⵓⵍ — тамазигхтский" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵉⵙⵟⴰⵏⴱⵓⵍ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="тамазигхтский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%A0%A1" title="伊斯坦堡 — китайский" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊斯坦堡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E7%88%BE" title="伊斯坦布爾 — Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="伊斯坦布爾" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" title="İstanbul — миньнань" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="İstanbul" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="миньнань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%A0%A1" title="伊斯坦堡 — кантонский" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="伊斯坦堡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul — зулу" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Istanbul" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="зулу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q406#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Править ссылки на другие языки" class="wbc-editpage">Ссылкэнүүдые заһаха</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Нэрэнүүдэй орон зай"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Контентэй хуудаһа хараха [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Хуудаһан</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8D%D1%85%D1%8D:%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Гол хуудаһанай зүбшэн хэлсэлгэ (иимэ хуудаһан үгы) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Зүбшэн хэлсэлгэ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Изменить вариант языка" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">буряад</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet 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class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Зэмсэгүүд</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Зэмсэгүүд</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">нюуха</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Ехэ арга боломжо" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Действия </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB"><span>Уншаха</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&veaction=edit" title="Редактировать данную страницу [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Заһаха</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&action=edit" title="Править исходный текст этой страницы [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Үндэһэн бэшэгые заһабарилха</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&action=history"><span>Түүхые хараха</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Хамтын </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9:%D0%A1%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B0/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" title="Иишээ ссылкэ хэһэн бүхы вики-хуудаһануудай список [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ссылкэнүүдые наашань</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB" rel="nofollow" title="Хуудаһанууд соохи һаяын хубилалтанууд тухай энэ хуудаһан ссылкэ үгэнэ [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Холбогдоһон заһабаринууд</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=bxr" title="Файлнуудые ашаха [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Файл оруулха</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Хамаг тусхай хуудаһанай список [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Тусхай хуудаһанууд</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&oldid=71525" title="Энэ хуудаһанай хубилбари руу тогтомол ссылкэ"><span>Саг үргэлжын ссылкэ</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&action=info" title="Энэ хуудаһан тухай тодорхойгоор"><span>Хуудаһан тухай мэдээлэл</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82&page=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&id=71525&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Информация о том, как цитировать эту страницу"><span>Хуудаһанһаа эшэ татаха</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbxr.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3D%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B1%25D1%2583%25D0%25BB%26veaction%3Dedit"><span>Богони URL-хаяг абаха</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbxr.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3D%25D0%2598%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B1%25D1%2583%25D0%25BB%26veaction%3Dedit"><span>QR кодые татаха</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Хэблэхэ/экспорт </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%BC&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB"><span>Шэнээр ном нээхэ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF хэлбэреэр татажа абаха</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&printable=yes" title="Энэ хуудаһанай хэблэгдэхэ хубилбари [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Хэблэгдэхээр бэлэн болоһон бэшэлгэ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ондоо түсэлнүүдтэ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0stanbul" hreflang="en"><span>Викисклад</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q406" title="Ссылка на связанный элемент репозитория данных [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Викиданные хуби</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Инструменты для страниц"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Харагдаса"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Харагдаса</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">нюуха</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Сүлөөтэ Нэбтэрхы Толи — Википеэдиһээ</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bxr" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox geography vcard" style="width:300px; float: right; margin-left: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; clear: right; border-style:solid; border-width:1px; border-color:#6E6E6E; background-color:#f9f9f9; font-size:85%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:1.25em; white-space:nowrap"><span class="fn org">Истанбул хото</span></th> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#cddeff">—  <b><span class="category">ехэ хотын захиргаа</span></b>  —</td> </tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Турк хэлэн">тур.</a> İstanbul şehri</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center">Истанбул хотын захиргаа</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; padding:0.7em 0.7em"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Топкапи ордон - Аясофия - Хүхэ лалын сүмэ"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg/250px-Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg/375px-Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg/500px-Istanbul_collage_5555.jpg 2x" data-file-width="647" data-file-height="850" /></a><figcaption>Топкапи ордон - Аясофия - Хүхэ лалын сүмэ</figcaption></figure><small>Топкапи ордон - Аясофия - Хүхэ лалын сүмэ</small></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center" align="center"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Tu-map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Зурагай зүүн дээдэ үнсэгтэ Истанбул заагдаһан"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Tu-map.png/250px-Tu-map.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Tu-map.png/375px-Tu-map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Tu-map.png/500px-Tu-map.png 2x" data-file-width="631" data-file-height="321" /></a><figcaption>Зурагай зүүн дээдэ үнсэгтэ Истанбул заагдаһан</figcaption></figure><small>Зурагай зүүн дээдэ үнсэгтэ Истанбул заагдаһан</small> </td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td>Улас орон</td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Турк">Турк</a></td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td>Бүһэ</td> <td>Мармара</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td>Можо</td> <td>Истанбул</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td>Дүүргэ</td> <td>27</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td>Газар нютаг</td> <td>1.830,92</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td>Газарай байса</td> <td>100</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td>Хүн зон </td> <td>11 372 613 хүн (2007)</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td>Нягтарал</td> <td>6 211 хүн/км²</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td>Византи нэрээр <abbr title="манай ээрын үмэнэ">МЭҮ</abbr> 667 он</td> <td>Байгуулагдаһан</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td>Нова Рома нэрээр <abbr title="манай ээрын">МЭ</abbr> 330 он<br />337 онһоо</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Оттоман эзэнтэ гүрэн">Османай</a> үе</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td>Konstantiniyye (Осман Турк хэлээр) нэрээр 1453 он<br />Олон уласта Константинополь</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Оттоман эзэнтэ гүрэн">Османай</a> үе</td> </tr><tr class="mergedrow"> <td>Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Турк Уласай үе</td> <td>Истанбул нэрээр 1923 ондо (Турк хэлэн)<br />Олон уласта Константинополь, энэнь 1930 онһоо Истанбул болоһон</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td>Сагай бүһэ</td> <td>Истанбулай саг (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%97%D0%9D%D0%A1%2B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="НЗНС+2 (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">НЗНС+2</a>)</td> </tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow"> <td>Телефоной_код</td> <td class="adr"><span class="postal-code">(+90) 212 (Европ дахи хэһэг)<br /> (+90) 216 (Ази дахи хэһэг)</span></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td>Шууданай индекс</td> <td class="adr"><span class="postal-code">34010-һаа 34850 болон 80000-һаа 81800</span></td> </tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td>Автомашин</td> <td>34</td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Истанбул</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Турк хэлэн">тур.</a> <span lang="tr" class="description tr"><i>İstanbul</i></span>, түүхынгээ ябасада <b><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Византи">Византи</a></b> болон <b><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="Константинополь">Константинополь</a></b> зэргээр нэрлэгдэжэ байһан) — <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE" title="Европо">Европын</a> хоёрдохи хамагай ехэ хүн зонтой хото (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%8D_%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дэлхэйн ехэ хотонууд (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">дэлхэйдэ хотонуудай дотор 3-т</a>, хотын нютаг дэбисхэрүүдһээ 21-т) болоод <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Турк">Туркын</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%91%D0%BB_%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Соёл уралиг (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">соёл уралиг</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D2%AF%D2%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Санхүү (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">санхүүгай</a> түб юм. Хотонь Стамбул можын 27 дүүргэтэй өөртөө багтаадаг. Истанбулиинь <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Босфорой хахад арал (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Босфорой хахад арал</a> дээрэ оршохо болоод Туркын баруун хойто хэһэгэй <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D0%B1%D1%8D%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алтан Эбэр (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Алтан Эбэр</a> хэмээхэ үбэр газарые эзэлдэг. Босфорой Ази дахи болон Европо дахи талуудай али алин дээрэнь оршохо болоод хоср тиб дээрэ оршодог дэлхэйн сорын ганса <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Метрополи (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">метрополи</a> хото юм. Ута удаан түүхынхээ ябасад <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Римэй эзэнтэ гүрэн">Римэй эзэнтэ гүрэн</a> (330—395), зүүн Рома гү, али <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Византиин эзэнтэ гүрэн">Византиин эзэнтэ гүрэн</a> (395—1204 ба 1261—1453), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B0_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Латинайа эзэнтэ гүрэн (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Латинайа эзэнтэ гүрэн</a> (1204—1261), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D1%82%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Оттоманай эзэнтэ гүрэн (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Оттоманай эзэнтэ гүрэн</a> (1453—1922) зэргэ гүрэнүүдэй <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Ниислэл">ниислэл</a> байгаа. 2010 оной Европын соёл уралигай ниислэл боложо һунгогдоһон болоод 1985 ондо түүхын газаруудиинь <a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%9D%D0%95%D0%A1%D0%9A%D0%9E" title="ЮНЕСКО">ЮНЕСКО</a>-гай Дэлхэйн үбын жагсаалтада ороһон байна. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Газар_зүй"><span id=".D0.93.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.B0.D1.80_.D0.B7.D2.AF.D0.B9"></span>Газар зүй</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&veaction=edit&section=1" title=""Газар зүй" гэһэн бүлэг заһаха" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Заһаха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&action=edit&section=1" title="Редактировать код раздела «Газар зүй»"><span>үндэһэн бэшэгые заһабарилха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Istanbul_and_Bosporus_big.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Istanbul_and_Bosporus_big.jpg/220px-Istanbul_and_Bosporus_big.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Istanbul_and_Bosporus_big.jpg/330px-Istanbul_and_Bosporus_big.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Istanbul_and_Bosporus_big.jpg/440px-Istanbul_and_Bosporus_big.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1163" /></a><figcaption>Хотын байрашал</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гантиг тэнгис (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Гантиг тэнгисэй</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Босфор хоолой (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Босфор хоолойн</a> хоёр хажуугаар доболиг газарда оршодог. Хотын ехынхи хуби <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE" title="Европо">Европо</a> дахи, бага хубинь <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Ази">Азида</a> байдаг. Истанбул <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Хара тэнгис">Хара тэнгис</a>һээ <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Газарай дундада тэнгис">Газарай дундада тэнгис</a> руу болон <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE" title="Европо">Зүүн урда Европоһоо</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бага Ази (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Бага Ази</a> хахад арал руу хоёр худалдаа наймаанай замуудай бэлшэрдэ оршодог ушариинь Истанбул хото түргэгөөр урган бэхижэжэ байгаа. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Газарай дундада тэнгис">Газарай дундада тэнгисэй</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Субтропико (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">субтропикын</a> сагай уларилтай. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%B4%D2%AF%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%8D%D1%80_%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Нэгэдүгээр һара">Нэгэдүгээр һарын</a> дунда температура — 5,2°С, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80_%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Наймадугаар һара">наймадугаар һарын</a> дунда температура — 23,6°С, жэлдэ 633 мм <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шииг нойтон (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">шииг нойтонтой</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> талмайнь 1.830,92 км<sup>2</sup>. Оршом 11,37 сая хүн зонтой. Истанбул 27 дүүргэдэ хубаагдадаг. Хотын захиралга 4 жэл бүри һунгагдаһан орон нютагай захиргааһаа гүйсэдхэдэг. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Эдэй_засаг"><span id=".D0.AD.D0.B4.D1.8D.D0.B9_.D0.B7.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.B0.D0.B3"></span>Эдэй засаг</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&veaction=edit&section=2" title=""Эдэй засаг" гэһэн бүлэг заһаха" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Заһаха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&action=edit&section=2" title="Редактировать код раздела «Эдэй засаг»"><span>үндэһэн бэшэгые заһабарилха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Турк уласай ажаүйлэдбэриин 60 % оршом энэ хотодо байна: машина бүүтэлгэ, химиин ажаүйлэдбэри, цемент бүүтэлгэ, эдеэ хоолой ажаүйлэдбэри, хүнгэн индустри (буд нэхэлгын, арһанай, гуталай, оёдолой индустри), мебелиин, саарһанай, шэлэй бүүтэлгэ. Гурбан дээдэ һургуулитай (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D_%D2%BB%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Истанбулай дээдэ һургуули (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Истанбулай дээдэ һургуули</a>, Истанбулай технологиин дээдэ һургуули болон Богазичи дээдэ һургуули). Эдэй засагай академи, худалдаанай академи, уран һайханай академи. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Түүхэ"><span id=".D0.A2.D2.AF.D2.AF.D1.85.D1.8D"></span>Түүхэ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&veaction=edit&section=3" title=""Түүхэ" гэһэн бүлэг заһаха" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Заһаха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&action=edit&section=3" title="Редактировать код раздела «Түүхэ»"><span>үндэһэн бэшэгые заһабарилха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_July_2007_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_July_2007_001.jpg/220px-Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_July_2007_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_July_2007_001.jpg/330px-Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_July_2007_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_July_2007_001.jpg/440px-Hagia_Eirene_Constantinople_July_2007_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Гэгээн Иринын церковь</figcaption></figure> <p><abbr title="манай ээрын үмэнэ">МЭҮ</abbr> 660 ондо оршом Византи нэрээр байгуулагдаһан. <abbr title="манай ээрын">МЭ</abbr> 330 он хойшо <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Римэй эзэнтэ гүрэн">Римэй</a> эзэн хаанай Константинай нэрэмжэтэ Константинополь (дундада зуунай ородой удха зохёолдо Царьград — «Хаанай хото» нэрэтэй) нэрэтэй байгаа. </p><p>395 он хүрэтэр <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Римэй эзэнтэ гүрэн">Римэй эзэнтэ гүрэнэй</a> ниислэл, 395—1453 ондо — <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Византи">Византиин</a> ниислэл (1204—1261 ондо забһарда <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Загалмайтад (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">загалмайтануудай</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Латин эзэнтэ гүрэн (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Латин эзэнтэ гүрэнэй</a> ниислэл). </p><p>1453 ондо <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Туркууд (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">туркууд</a>һаа эзэлһэн тиигэд Истанбулда ондоо нэрэ үгэгдэһэн. 1453—1918 ондо <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Османай эзэнтэ гүрэн">Османай эзэнтэ гүрэнэй</a> ниислэл, 1923 оной <a href="/wiki/10_%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="10 һара">10 һара</a> хүрэтэр — <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Турк">Турк</a> уласай ниислэл. <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Византи">Византиин</a> сагай эзэн хаашуулай ордонуудай, Валента акведугай, хотын хэрэмэй, газар доорохи цистернууд болон шүтэлгын байрануудай һандархай барилгууд бүтэн үлэнэ. <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Византи">Византиин</a> үеын шүтэлгын байранууд лалын сүмээр шэнэлжэ хэгдэһэн байна: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гэгээн Иринын церковь (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Гэгээн Иринын церковь</a> (6 зуун, 6 ба 8 зуунда һандаргаһан, һэргээн бодхооһон), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Айя София (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Гэгээн Софиин томо церковь</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гэгээн Феодорой церковь (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Гэгээн Феодорой церковь</a> (Килисе-Джами, 11 зуунай 2 хахад, 14 зуунай <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дойбод зураг (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">дойбод зурагууд</a>), Хора монастыриин церковь (Кахрие-джами, 13 зуунай эсэс — 14 зуунай эхин, 14 зуунай эхинэй <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дойбод зураг (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">дойбод зурагууд</a>), гэхэ мэтэ. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Османай эзэнтэ гүрэн">Османай эзэнтэ гүрэнэй</a> ниислэл болоод, газарзүйн ашагтай байрашал ашаар Истанбул ехэ худалдаа наймаанай ажаүйлэдбэриин түб болоһон. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Хара тэнгис">Хара тэнгисэй</a> хоолойн шухала удхань хотын шангадхалгада ба хүгжэлдэ туһа болобо. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Османай эзэнтэ гүрэн">Османай эзэнтэ гүрэнэй</a> унал үедэ (17 зуунһаа хойшо) <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Хара тэнгис">Хара тэнгисэй</a> хоолойтой Истанбул Европын хүсэнэй тэмсэлэй зүйл болоһон; энэ проблемэ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Зүүн асуудал (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Зүүн асуудалай</a> шухала хэһэг оробо, 1914—18 онуудай <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%B4%D2%AF%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%8D%D1%80_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нэгэдүгээр дэлхэйн дайн (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Нэгэдүгээр дэлхэйн дайнай</a> шалтагаануудай нэгэн. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%B4%D2%AF%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%8D%D1%80_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нэгэдүгээр дэлхэйн дайн (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Нэгэдүгээр дэлхэйн дайнай</a> үедэ <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Османай эзэнтэ гүрэн">Османай гүрэн</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B3%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8D%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Германиин эзэнтэ гүрэнэй (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Германиин эзэнтэ гүрэнэй</a> холбоотон байгаа ушар Түб хүcэнүүд диилдэһэн һүүлдэ, 1918 оной <a href="/wiki/11_%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_13" title="11 һарын 13">11 һарын 13</a> Истанбул <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Англи">Англиин</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Франци">Франциин</a> ба <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Итали">Италиин</a> сэрэгүүдһээ эзэмдэһэн. 1919 ондо байгуулһан <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Мустафа Кемаль Ататюрк">Мустафа Кемаль Ататюрк</a>һаа ударидаһан Турк үндэһэнэй хүдэлөөн 1922 ондо <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Антанта (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Антанта</a>һаань Истанбулые сүлөөлбэ. Дүрбэн жэлэй үндэһэнэй сүлөөлгын дайн һүүлдэ Европын уласууд <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Турк">Бүгэдэ Найрамдаха Турк Уласай</a> бэеэ даанги байдалые мэдэрбэ. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Уран_барилга"><span id=".D0.A3.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BD_.D0.B1.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.BB.D0.B3.D0.B0"></span>Уран барилга</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&veaction=edit&section=4" title=""Уран барилга" гэһэн бүлэг заһаха" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Заһаха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&action=edit&section=4" title="Редактировать код раздела «Уран барилга»"><span>үндэһэн бэшэгые заһабарилха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Istanbul_2009_Yeni_Camii.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Istanbul_2009_Yeni_Camii.JPG/220px-Istanbul_2009_Yeni_Camii.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Istanbul_2009_Yeni_Camii.JPG/330px-Istanbul_2009_Yeni_Camii.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Istanbul_2009_Yeni_Camii.JPG/440px-Istanbul_2009_Yeni_Camii.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2533" data-file-height="3376" /></a><figcaption>Шэнэ Мечеть</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D0%B1%D1%8D%D1%80_(%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алтан Эбэр (Истанбул) (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Алтан Эбэр (Истанбул)</a> тохой хотын Европын зоные 2 хэһэгдэ хубаагдадаг: хахад аралда (тохойн урдада) оршодог дундада зуунай дүрсые (уйтан гудамжууд, олон лалын сүмэнүүд) бүтэн байлгагдадаг Эминёню (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Турк хэлэн">тур.</a> <span lang="tr" class="description tr"><i>Eminönü</i></span>, «Хуушан хото»), ба Бейоглу (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Турк хэлэн">тур.</a> <span lang="tr" class="description tr"><i> Beyoğlu</i></span>, «Шэнэ хото», Алтан Эбэр тохойн оролгоһоо хойно). Бейоглуда Каракёй (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Турк хэлэн">тур.</a> <span lang="tr" class="description tr"><i>Karaköy</i></span>, хуушанай Галата) — худалдаа наймаанай портын нютаг, тиигэд өөрөө Бейоглу нютаг (хуушанай Пера) — албанай ба соёлой түб ороно. <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Ази">Азиин</a> түби газарда — хотын гурбанай нэгэ хуби — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B3_%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гантиг тэнгис (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Гантиг тэнгисэй</a> эрьедэ (Мода нютаг) виллатай, томо сэрэгэй казарматай Ускюдар (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Турк хэлэн">тур.</a> <span lang="tr" class="description tr"><i>Üsküdar</i></span>) нютаг. </p><p>Гурба үеын байра барилгууд мүнөөнэй хотын уран барилгын дүрсые бэлдхэнэ. <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Византи">Византиин</a> үеын эзэн хаашуулай ордонуудай, ипподромай, Валента акведугай, хотын хэрэмэй, газар доорохи цистернууд болон шүтэлгын байрануудай һандархай барилгууд бүтэн үлэнэ. <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Византи">Византиин</a> үеын шүтэлгын байранууд лалын сүмээр шэнэлжэ хэгдэһэн байна: Гэгээн Иоанн Студитай базилика (Эмир Ахор-джамиси; 5 зуун), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гэгээн Иринын церковь (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Гэгээн Иринын церковь</a> (6 зуун, 6 ба 8 зуунда һандаргаһан, һэргээн бодхооһон), Гэгээн Феодосиин церковь (Гюль-джами; 9 зуунай 2 хахад), Мирелейон (Будрум-джами; 10 зуунай 1 хахад), Гэгээн Сергиин ба Вакхын церковь (Кючюк Айя-София, 6 зуун), Гэгээн Андрейн церковь (Ходжа Мустафа-джами; 7 зуун), Гэгээн Федорай церковь (Килисе-джами; 11 зуунай 2 хахад — 14 зуун), Пантократорай сүмын комплекс (Зейрек-джами; 12 зуун), <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D1%8F-%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Айя-София">Гэгээн Софиин томо церковь</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гэгээн Феодорой церковь (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Гэгээн Феодорой церковь</a> (Килисе-Джами, 11 зуунай 2 хахад, 14 зуунай <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дойбод зураг (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">дойбод зурагууд</a>), Хора монастыриин церковь (Кахрие-джами, 13 зуунай эсэс — 14 зуунай эхин, 14 зуунай эхинэй <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дойбод зураг (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">дойбод зурагууд</a>), гэхэ мэтэ. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Hagia_Sophia_Mars_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hagia_Sophia_Mars_2013.jpg/220px-Hagia_Sophia_Mars_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hagia_Sophia_Mars_2013.jpg/330px-Hagia_Sophia_Mars_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hagia_Sophia_Mars_2013.jpg/440px-Hagia_Sophia_Mars_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5514" data-file-height="3681" /></a><figcaption>Айя София томо церковь</figcaption></figure> <p>Турк дундада зуунай үеын барилгууд: ордонууд — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Анадолухисары (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Анадолухисары</a> ордон (14 зуунда байгуулһан), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Румелихисары (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Румелихисары</a> (1452), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Едикуле (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Едикуле</a> (1455); лалын сүмэнүүд — Фатих-джами (15 зуун; һандаргалга һүүлдэ һэргээн бодхооһон), Баязида (1497—1503 гү, али 1505, Кемаледдин уран баригша), Шахзаде (1548, Синан уран баригша), Сулеймание (1550—1557, Синан уран баригша), Ени-джами (1597—1663), Ахмедие (1609—17, Мехмет-ага уран баригша); Топкапы ордоной барилгууд — Чинили-кёшк һарабша (1472, Кемаледдин уран баригша), Ереванай һарабша (1635), Багдадай һарабша (1638), уһан оргилуурууд. 18 зуун һүүлдэ Истанбулай уран барилгада баруун Европын шэнжэнүүд нэбтэрнэ. 19 зуунда эклектик барилгуудай байгуулга эхилжэ байна; 20 зуунда — функционализм шэнжын барилгуудай байгуулга эхилһэн. 1950 арбан жэлдэ Истанбулай ведутся работы по заһабари эхилһэн. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Зурагай_сомог"><span id=".D0.97.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.B9_.D1.81.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.BE.D0.B3"></span>Зурагай сомог</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&veaction=edit&section=5" title=""Зурагай сомог" гэһэн бүлэг заһаха" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Заһаха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB&action=edit&section=5" title="Редактировать код раздела «Зурагай сомог»"><span>үндэһэн бэшэгые заһабарилха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <center> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Istanbul_Topkapi_Sarayi.JPG/120px-Istanbul_Topkapi_Sarayi.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Istanbul_Topkapi_Sarayi.JPG/180px-Istanbul_Topkapi_Sarayi.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Istanbul_Topkapi_Sarayi.JPG/240px-Istanbul_Topkapi_Sarayi.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Istambul_Yerebatan-2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Istambul_Yerebatan-2006.jpg/80px-Istambul_Yerebatan-2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Istambul_Yerebatan-2006.jpg/120px-Istambul_Yerebatan-2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Istambul_Yerebatan-2006.jpg/160px-Istambul_Yerebatan-2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="427" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Istanbul_asv2020-02_img53_Maiden%27s_Tower.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Istanbul_asv2020-02_img53_Maiden%27s_Tower.jpg/120px-Istanbul_asv2020-02_img53_Maiden%27s_Tower.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Istanbul_asv2020-02_img53_Maiden%27s_Tower.jpg/180px-Istanbul_asv2020-02_img53_Maiden%27s_Tower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Istanbul_asv2020-02_img53_Maiden%27s_Tower.jpg/240px-Istanbul_asv2020-02_img53_Maiden%27s_Tower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5005" data-file-height="5005" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Twierdza_Rumeli_Istambu%C5%82_RB1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Румелихисар"><img alt="Румелихисар" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Twierdza_Rumeli_Istambu%C5%82_RB1.jpg/120px-Twierdza_Rumeli_Istambu%C5%82_RB1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Twierdza_Rumeli_Istambu%C5%82_RB1.jpg/180px-Twierdza_Rumeli_Istambu%C5%82_RB1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Twierdza_Rumeli_Istambu%C5%82_RB1.jpg/240px-Twierdza_Rumeli_Istambu%C5%82_RB1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1188" data-file-height="675" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Румелихисар (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Румелихисар</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Istanbul_asv2021-11_img40_Grand_Bazaar.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Гранд базар"><img alt="Гранд базар" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Istanbul_asv2021-11_img40_Grand_Bazaar.jpg/100px-Istanbul_asv2021-11_img40_Grand_Bazaar.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="120" class="mw-file-element" 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