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id="toc-Film_and_television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film_and_television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Film and television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film_and_television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Internet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Internet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>The Internet</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-The_Internet-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle The Internet subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-The_Internet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Censorship_on_various_platforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Censorship_on_various_platforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Censorship on various platforms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Censorship_on_various_platforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Before_2019" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Before_2019"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Before 2019</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Before_2019-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Since_2019" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Since_2019"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Since 2019</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Since_2019-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main 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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%A8" title="সৌদি আরবে বিবাচন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সৌদি আরবে বিবাচন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="سانسور در عربستان سعودی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سانسور در عربستان سعودی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censure_en_Arabie_saoudite" title="Censure en Arabie saoudite – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Censure en Arabie saoudite" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%86%D8%B1_%D9%84%DB%95_%D8%B9%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="سانسۆر لە عەرەبستانی سعوودی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سانسۆر لە عەرەبستانی سعوودی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suudi_Arabistan%27da_sans%C3%BCr" title="Suudi Arabistan'da sansür – Turkish" lang="tr" 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist" style="width:20.0em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background:#8B9A7B;color:black;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Censorship" title="Category:Censorship"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">a series</span></a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#8B9A7B;color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Censorship_by_country" title="Censorship by country"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">Censorship by country</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Censorship.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="A censorship symbol"><img alt="A censorship symbol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Censorship.svg/100px-Censorship.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Censorship.svg/150px-Censorship.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Censorship.svg/200px-Censorship.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#8B9A7B;color:black;"> <span class="tmp-color" style="color:black">Countries</span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#8B9A7B;color:black;;color: var(--color-base)">List</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="plainlist" style="column-count: 2"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Albania" title="Mass media in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Algeria" title="Censorship in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Australia" title="Censorship in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_freedom_in_Azerbaijan" title="Media freedom in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Bahrain" title="Censorship in Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Bangladesh" title="Censorship in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Belarus" title="Censorship in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Bhutan" title="Censorship in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Bolivia" title="Censorship in Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Brazil" title="Censorship in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Canada" title="Censorship in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Chad" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_China" title="Censorship in China">China</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Hong_Kong" title="Censorship in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> / <a href="/wiki/Chinese_censorship_abroad" title="Chinese censorship abroad">overseas</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Croatia#Censorship_and_media_freedom" title="Mass media in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Cuba" title="Censorship in Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Censorship in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Denmark" title="Censorship in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Ecuador" title="Censorship in Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_El_Salvador" title="Telecommunications in El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Eritrea" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Finland" title="Censorship in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_France" title="Censorship in France">France</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Ancien_R%C3%A9gime" title="Censorship in the Ancien Régime">Ancien Régime</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Germany" title="Censorship in Germany">Germany</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Nazi_Germany" title="Censorship in Nazi Germany">Nazi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_East_Germany" title="Censorship in East Germany">Democratic Republic</a> / <a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany" title="Censorship in the Federal Republic of Germany">Federal Republic</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Guatemala" title="Censorship in Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Honduras" title="Censorship in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_India" title="Censorship in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Indonesia" title="Censorship in Indonesia">Indonesia</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Censorship in the Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Iran" title="Censorship in Iran">Iran</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in the Islamic Republic of Iran">Islamic</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Iraq" title="Censorship in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Censorship in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Israel" title="Censorship in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Italy" title="Censorship in Italy">Italy</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Propaganda_and_censorship_in_Italy_during_the_First_World_War" title="Propaganda and censorship in Italy during the First World War">World War I</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Jamaica" title="Censorship in Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Japan" title="Censorship in Japan">Japan</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Empire_of_Japan" title="Censorship in the Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a>)</span></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Kenya" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Malawi" title="Internet censorship in Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Malaysia" title="Censorship in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Maldives" title="Censorship in the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Mexico" title="Censorship in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Morocco" title="Internet censorship in Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Myanmar" title="Censorship in Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Nepal" title="Censorship in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_New_Zealand" title="Censorship in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Nicaragua" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Nigeria" title="Censorship in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_North_Korea" title="Censorship in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Pakistan" title="Censorship in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Peru" title="Censorship in Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Philippines" title="Censorship in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Poland" title="Censorship in Poland">Poland</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Communist_Poland" title="Censorship in Communist Poland">Communist</a></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Portugal" title="Censorship in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Qatar" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Romania">Romania</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Communist_Romania" title="Censorship in Communist Romania">Communist</a></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Russia" title="Censorship in Russia">Russia</a><br />(<span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Russian_Empire" title="Censorship in the Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> / <a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Censorship in the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Rwanda" title="Censorship in Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Samoa" title="Censorship in Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_freedom_in_Serbia" title="Media freedom in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Singapore" title="Censorship in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Somalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_South_Africa" title="Internet censorship in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_South_Asia" title="Censorship in South Asia">South Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_South_Korea" title="Censorship in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_South_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Spain" title="Censorship in Spain">Spain</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Francoist_Spain" title="Censorship in Francoist Spain">Francoist</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Sweden" title="Censorship in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Taiwan" title="Censorship in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Thailand" title="Censorship in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Tunisia" title="Censorship in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Turkey" title="Censorship in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Uganda" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press_in_Ukraine" title="Freedom of the press in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Censorship in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_United_States" title="Censorship in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Venezuela" title="Censorship in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Vietnam" title="Censorship in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Yemen" title="Human rights in Yemen">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Zimbabwe" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#8B9A7B;color:black;"> See also</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech_by_country" title="Freedom of speech by country">Freedom of speech by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_and_surveillance_by_country" title="Internet censorship and surveillance by country">Internet censorship and surveillance by country</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Censorship_by_country" title="Template:Censorship by country"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Censorship_by_country" title="Template talk:Censorship by country"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Censorship_by_country" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Censorship by country"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Multiple forms of media including books, <a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of newspapers in Saudi Arabia">newspapers</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_magazines_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of magazines in Saudi Arabia">magazines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Cinema of Saudi Arabia">films</a>, <a href="/wiki/Television_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Television in Saudi Arabia">television</a>, and content published on <a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Saudi Arabia">the Internet</a> are <b>censored in <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></b>. </p><p>The Saudi government closely monitors media and restricts it under official state law. Changes have been made to lessen these restrictions; however, some government-led efforts to control information have also drawn international attention. In 2014, <a href="/wiki/Reporters_Without_Borders" title="Reporters Without Borders">Reporters Without Borders</a> described the government as, "relentless in its censorship of the Saudi media and the Internet," and in 2018, it ranked Saudi Arabia 169th out of 180 countries for freedom of the press.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Law_and_operation">Law and operation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Law and operation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Though formal laws regarding censorship were not yet in place for Saudi Arabia, hostile conditions in the country led leaders to take on stricter rules that in turn affected the media. Specifically, the <a href="/wiki/Iranian_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian Revolution">Iranian Islamic revolution</a> and <a href="/wiki/1979_Grand_Mosque_seizure" class="mw-redirect" title="1979 Grand Mosque seizure">seizure of the Grand Mosque</a> by extremists in 1979 led the government to crack down on radical Sunnis.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government under <a href="/wiki/Khalid_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Khalid of Saudi Arabia">King Khalid</a>, and later his brother <a href="/wiki/Fahd_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Fahd of Saudi Arabia">King Fahd</a>, enforced policies to help counteract potential hostility and unrest, such as working closely with the religious establishment to create reforms.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Government regulation of media was not formally detailed until 1992, when a new wave of discontent emerged.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government released a 1992 <a href="/wiki/Media_policy" title="Media policy">media policy</a> statement, which outlined aims for journalists including both a religious and political component in favor of Islam and Saudi Arabia respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> Saudi Arabia is distinct from other <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Cooperation_Council" title="Gulf Cooperation Council">Gulf Cooperation Council</a> countries in that its constitution does not protect freedom of expression.<i><sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> The <a href="/wiki/Basic_Law_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Basic Law of Saudi Arabia">Basic Law of Governance</a>, enacted as an informal constitution in 1992, formally specified limits to free expression. Article 39 of the kingdom's Basic Law of Governance states that:</p><blockquote><p>[The media] is prohibited from committing acts leading to disorder and division, affecting the security of the state and its public relations, or undermining human dignity and rights.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p>The Law of Printing and Publication, enacted in 2003, expanded upon the regulation of media, encompassing books, drawings, writings, photographs, films, recordings, radio and television broadcasts.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The law, which is enforced by the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Culture_and_Information_(Saudi_Arabia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Culture and Information (Saudi Arabia)">Ministry of Culture and Information</a>, requires government licensing for any of the aforementioned activities.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It lays out a series of restrictions, including that the printed matter will not conflict with <a href="/wiki/Sharia_law_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharia law in Saudi Arabia">Sharia law</a>, will not threaten public security, and will not "stir up discord among citizens."<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though this law was written in the context of print media, it also extends to electronic media. In 2007, the Saudi government issued an Anti-Cyber Crimes Law, which lists cyber crimes that can result in imprisonment and fines. The law specifically prohibits content that negatively impacts public order, religious values, public morals, and privacy, "through the information network or computers," which can include content that promotes drug use, pornography, gambling, or terrorism.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2011 royal decree extended the licensing requirement to include online newspapers and blogs and increased penalties for violations of the earlier press law. Those penalties include large fines, removal of the content, and potentially closure of the establishment responsible, along with suspending or banning the person or group from future publishing.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In charging individuals with violations, the government often applies these laws, sometimes in conjunction with counterterrorism laws.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These laws extend the definition of terrorism to include content that is damaging to Saudi Arabia, its reputation, stability, and security.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Ministry of Information is responsible for overseeing Saudi media and has been called the "main agent of censorship" in the kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-Green-493_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Green-493-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A special unit, the Management of Publications department, analyzes publications and issues "directives" to newspapers and magazines that state the way in which a given topic must be treated.<sup id="cite_ref-Green-493_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Green-493-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Encyclopedia of Censorship, "The main effect of this system has been to impose on journalists rigorous self-censorship."<sup id="cite_ref-Green-493_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Green-493-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Press">Press</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Press"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The print media in Saudi Arabia, though privately owned, is closely tied to the government. The registration of new journalists, changes in staff of a media outlet, and creation of new outlets all require government approval.<sup id="cite_ref-:52_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:52-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to government subsidies, the daily newspapers often rely on state support and tend to align with the <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Press_Agency" title="Saudi Press Agency">Saudi Press Agency</a> on more controversial topics. Despite this, newspapers have increasingly published stories on topics such as crime, drug trafficking, and extremism.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some censorship of foreign newspapers and magazines targets content of sexual nature, including nudity, pornography, and homosexuality.<sup id="cite_ref-GreenKarolides2009_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GreenKarolides2009-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1994, all Saudi women magazines were banned by the Ministry of Information.<sup id="cite_ref-spocket_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spocket-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This move was considered to be related to the pressures of the religious establishment or <a href="/wiki/Ulema" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulema">ulema</a>. After this ban, nineteen of twenty-four magazines closed down due to the fact that their major revenue had been advertisement earnings paid by Saudi companies.<sup id="cite_ref-spocket_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spocket-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are numerous documented instances of the Saudi government forcing the resignation of journalists or banning them from publishing in the country. The <a href="/wiki/Committee_to_Protect_Journalists" title="Committee to Protect Journalists">Committee to Protect Journalists</a> reported in 2002 that the Ministry of Information forced two different newspaper editors to resign and fired the head of a publishing house due to the critical and liberal nature of what they had published.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several more writers were banned from the press in 2003, including <a href="/wiki/Wajeha_al-Huwaider" title="Wajeha al-Huwaider">Wajeha Al-Huwaider</a>, a writer for Al-Watan and Arab News and a prominent women's rights activist.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Though the Ministry of Information is responsible for monitoring the press, the religious establishment in Saudi Arabia also alerts of the government of journalists. In some cases, religious clerics called for punishments including death to be given to critics of Wahhabi Islam in the media. These punishments were sometimes issued in religious court, such as in 2003 when the journalist <a href="/wiki/Mansour_al-Nogaidan" title="Mansour al-Nogaidan">Mansour al-Nogaidan</a> claimed he was sentenced to 75 lashes for his articles criticizing the religious doctrine of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jamal_Khashoggi">Jamal Khashoggi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Jamal Khashoggi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Jamal_Khashoggi" title="Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi">The assassination</a> of journalist <a href="/wiki/Jamal_Khashoggi" title="Jamal Khashoggi">Jamal Khashoggi</a> gained international attention. After many years serving as a reporter and foreign correspondent for several Arab newspapers, Khashoggi worked as a deputy editor-in-chief of Arab News from 1999 to 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-:142_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:142-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2003, he became the editor-in-chief for Al Watan, a daily newspaper that pushed for reform in Saudi Arabia and published information of more sensitive issues, specifically regarding the <a href="/wiki/Riyadh_compound_bombings" title="Riyadh compound bombings">Riyadh compound bombings</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:62_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:62-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Khashoggi was dismissed from his position at Al Watan because under his leadership columnists wrote articles questioning the religious police and criticizing the country's following of <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Taymiyyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Taymiyyah">Ibn Taymiyyah</a>, the Islamic scholar who inspired <a href="/wiki/Wahhabism" title="Wahhabism">Wahhabism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:62_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:62-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He left Saudi, and began working in the Saudi Embassy in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, but later returned to Al Watan until he was once again removed three years later.<sup id="cite_ref-:142_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:142-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After leaving Al Watan, Khashoggi appeared as a commentator on different Arab and international news channels and wrote for a variety of publications.<sup id="cite_ref-:142_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:142-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Khashoggi was a columnist for Al-Hayat newspaper but was banned in December 2016 after he wrote articles criticizing <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He left the Kingdom, going into a "self-imposed exile" in the United States in 2017 due to fear of arrest, and began writing for <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:142_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:142-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 2 October 2018, Khashoggi went missing after he entered the Saudi Consulate in <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>. He had to collect some documents from the Consulate<sup id="cite_ref-:142_19-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:142-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saudi officials claimed that they were not responsible for Khashoggi's death but were not able to provide evidence of what happened.<sup id="cite_ref-:152_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:152-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meanwhile, Turkish officials stated that Saudi agents killed and dismembered him, before dumping him in a Turkish forest.<sup id="cite_ref-:152_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:152-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saudi officials later reported that Khashoggi died in a fight with people he met in the consulate.<i><sup id="cite_ref-:16_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> After several weeks of contradictory claims from the Saudi government, the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a> concluded that <a href="/wiki/Crown_Prince_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia">Crown Prince</a> <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_bin_Salman" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammad bin Salman">Mohammad bin Salman</a> ordered the assassination of Khashoggi, although the matter of who directed the assassination is still in question by some parties.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This case was highly publicized due to the notability of Khashoggi as a reporter with ties to the royal family who faced numerous restrictions in his career as a journalist.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2019, <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> claimed that Saudi Arabia used <a href="/wiki/NSO_Group" title="NSO Group">NSO Group</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Pegasus_(spyware)" title="Pegasus (spyware)">Pegasus</a> software to target activists and journalists, including Khashoggi. Deputy Director of Amnesty Tech claimed that "governments who are known for outrageous human rights abuses" use this software to track down the dissidents and human rights defenders.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Kingdom Came to Canada</i>, a <a href="/wiki/Citizen_Lab" title="Citizen Lab">Citizen Lab</a>'s report, shows how Omar Abdulaziz, another Saudi activist residing in Canada, was targeted by the Saudi government to access the sensitive conversations he had with his friend Jamal Khashoggi.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Abdulaziz had also filed a lawsuit in December 2018, alleging that the Saudi authorities used Pegasus spyware to hack his phone and access his conversations.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Osama_bin_Laden">Osama bin Laden</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Osama bin Laden"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a> was a Saudi Arabian citizen who had his nationality cancelled after he started to criticize Saudi Arabia. He later travelled to nearby <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> and spent his final years there.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Film_and_television">Film and television</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Film and television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Contradicts_other plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Accuracy dispute"><img alt="Accuracy dispute" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ambox_contradict.svg/40px-Ambox_contradict.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ambox_contradict.svg/60px-Ambox_contradict.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ambox_contradict.svg/80px-Ambox_contradict.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>appears to contradict the article <a href="/wiki/Television_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Television in Saudi Arabia">Television in Saudi Arabia</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please discuss at the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Censorship_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Talk:Censorship in Saudi Arabia">talk page</a> and do not remove this message until the contradictions are resolved.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Movie_theater" title="Movie theater">Public cinemas</a> became illegal in 1983 when conservative clerics deemed cinemas a corrupting influence, claiming that both Western and Arab-language films were, "contrary to the teachings of Islam."<i><sup id="cite_ref-:7_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> </p><p>Over time, the ban on movie theaters was counteracted by the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Satellite_television" title="Satellite television">satellite television</a> and video downloads, as well as by Saudis regularly visiting nearby <a href="/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> where they could go to public cinemas freely.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As citizens tried to circumvent some of these restrictions, the Saudi government lessened their regulations, but maintained some level of censorship. The government initially banned ownership of satellite television receivers in 1994<i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> However, after an increasingly large percentage of the population bought satellite receivers and subscribed to various programming packages, the Saudi government grew more willing to tolerate satellite television as long as the programming content was not pornographic, critical of the Saudi government or Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Instances of censorship continued mainly due to the content of broadcasts. In 2005, two episodes of <i><a href="/wiki/American_Dad!" title="American Dad!">American Dad!</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Stan_of_Arabia:_Part_1" title="Stan of Arabia: Part 1">Stan of Arabia: Part 1</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Stan_of_Arabia:_Part_2" title="Stan of Arabia: Part 2">Part 2</a></i>, were banned by the <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Politics of Saudi Arabia">Saudi government</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The English daily <a href="/wiki/ArabNews" class="mw-redirect" title="ArabNews">ArabNews</a> published an article that accused the series, which had scenes regarding the intolerance of homosexuality and the ban of alcohol, of portraying Saudi Arabia in a negative light.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, disgruntled callers on a live show on <a href="/wiki/Al_Ekhbariya" title="Al Ekhbariya">Al Ekhbariya</a> news channel displayed discontent with the latest governmental salary increases and made critical remarks of some Saudi officials.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Information Minister, Iyad Madani, then fired the network's director, Muhammad Al-Tunsi, and replaced him with one of his personal assistants. The minister also announced a temporary suspension of live broadcasts for all Saudi public TV channels.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In recent years, the country has moved towards lifting the restrictions on this form of media. In 2007, permission was granted to two hotels to screen American children's films, to celebrate the end of <a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following year, the first Saudi film festival took place.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2017, the Saudi government announced its decision to end the three decade ban on public cinemas, as part of Crown Prince Mohammad bin Salman's campaign to introduce nationwide changes to help broaden and strengthen the economy.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By early 2018, the Ministry of Information began licensing the opening of movie houses, but noted that all movies were subject to existing media laws, stating that films would be "subjected to censorship based on the media policy of the kingdom".<sup id="cite_ref-:7_28-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For instance, a 40-second scene involving two characters kissing was removed from the first movie screened in public theaters, <a href="/wiki/Black_Panther_(film)" title="Black Panther (film)"><i>Black Panther</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Internet">The Internet<span class="anchor" id="Cybercrime_and_The_Internet"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: The Internet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/The_Bees_Army" title="The Bees Army">The Bees Army</a> and <a href="/wiki/Censorship_of_Wikipedia#Saudi_Arabia" title="Censorship of Wikipedia">Censorship of Wikipedia § Saudi Arabia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SaudiCensorship.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ec/SaudiCensorship.png/220px-SaudiCensorship.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ec/SaudiCensorship.png/330px-SaudiCensorship.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/e/ec/SaudiCensorship.png 2x" data-file-width="393" data-file-height="254" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/Arabic_Wikipedia" title="Arabic Wikipedia">Arabic Wikipedia</a> article regarding <a href="/wiki/Evolution" title="Evolution">evolution</a> blocked in Saudi Arabia</figcaption></figure> <p>Saudi Arabia directs all international Internet traffic through a <a href="/wiki/Proxy_server" title="Proxy server">proxy</a> farm located in <a href="/wiki/King_Abdulaziz_City_for_Science_%26_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="King Abdulaziz City for Science & Technology">King Abdulaziz City for Science & Technology</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Content_filter" class="mw-redirect" title="Content filter">content filter</a> is implemented there, based on software by <a href="/wiki/Secure_Computing" class="mw-redirect" title="Secure Computing">Secure Computing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-A_country_study_by_the_Open_Net_Initiative_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A_country_study_by_the_Open_Net_Initiative-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since October 2006, the <a href="/wiki/Communications_and_Information_Technology_Commission_(Saudi_Arabia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communications and Information Technology Commission (Saudi Arabia)">Communications and Information Technology Commission</a> (CITC) has been handling the DNS structure and filtering in Saudi Arabia in the place of KACST. Additionally, a number of sites are blocked according to two lists maintained by the Internet Services Unit (ISU):<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> one containing "immoral" (mostly pornographic or supportive of LGBT-rights) sites and sites promoting <a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shia</a> Ideology, the others based on directions from a security committee run by the Ministry of Information (including sites critical of the Saudi government). Citizens are encouraged to actively report "immoral", mostly adult and pornographic, sites for blocking using a provided web form, available on the government's website. </p><p>The initial legal basis for content filtering is the resolution by Council of Ministers dated 12 February 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a study carried out in 2004 by the <a href="/wiki/Open_Net_Initiative" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Net Initiative">Open Net Initiative</a> "the most aggressive censorship focused on pornography, drug use, gambling, religious conversion of Muslims, and filtering circumvention tools."<sup id="cite_ref-A_country_study_by_the_Open_Net_Initiative_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A_country_study_by_the_Open_Net_Initiative-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, Saudi Arabia blocks websites affiliated with Iran, with <a href="/wiki/Hezbollah" title="Hezbollah">Hezbollah</a>, with groups in Yemen, websites associated with the <a href="/wiki/Muslim_Brotherhood" title="Muslim Brotherhood">Muslim Brotherhood</a> in Syria,<sup id="cite_ref-:17_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:17-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and information related to <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">the Holocaust</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saudi Arabia, like other countries, utilizes technology often from Western companies, such as American-owned <a href="/wiki/Secure_Computing_Corporation" title="Secure Computing Corporation">SmartFilter</a>, in order to automatically filter websites based on certain topic material.<sup id="cite_ref-:03_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government also monitors for unusual spikes in internet traffic related to content it wants to censor.<i><sup id="cite_ref-:03_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> An example of this filtering was seen after the killing of journalist <a href="/wiki/Jamal_Khashoggi" title="Jamal Khashoggi">Jamal Khashoggi</a> in 2018, when the number of websites being censored in Saudi Arabia reportedly doubled, particularly websites of foreign news services such as Fox News and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.<i><sup id="cite_ref-:13_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> This is according to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Censored_Planet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censored Planet (page does not exist)">Censored Planet</a>, an online initiative that aims to track online censorship through multiple methods, including scanning internet protocol (IP) addresses associated with particular websites.<i><sup id="cite_ref-:13_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Censorship_on_various_platforms">Censorship on various platforms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Censorship on various platforms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Before_2019">Before 2019</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Before 2019"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2011, the Saudi government introduced new Internet rules and regulations that require all online newspapers and bloggers to obtain a special license from the Ministry of Information.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Liberal activists are monitored both on blogs and on social media. In a highly public 2012 case, a blogger, <a href="/wiki/Raif_Badawi" title="Raif Badawi">Raif Badawi</a>, was sentenced to 10 years in prison and 1,000 lashes and given a 10-year ban on media work or foreign travel.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blocked_website_saudi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Blocked_website_saudi.jpg/220px-Blocked_website_saudi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Blocked_website_saudi.jpg/330px-Blocked_website_saudi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Blocked_website_saudi.jpg/440px-Blocked_website_saudi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="364" /></a><figcaption>Example of Saudi Arabian ISP blocking a website</figcaption></figure> <p>On 11 July 2006 the Saudi government blocked access to Wikipedia and <a href="/wiki/Google_Translate" title="Google Translate">Google Translate</a>, which was being used to bypass the filters on the blocked sites by translating them.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though Wikipedia is not blocked currently, specific pages on Wikipedia were reported to be censored by Saudi Arabia in 2011, such as one page discussing the theory of evolution.<sup id="cite_ref-:17_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:17-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Harvard_Law_Today2_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvard_Law_Today2-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Encryption" title="Encryption">Encrypted</a> connections denoted by "HTTPS" made censorship more difficult for these pages and today there is no evidence that individual pages are still being blocked.<sup id="cite_ref-Harvard_Law_Today2_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvard_Law_Today2-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> is not blocked in the country. However, in 2014, Saudi Arabia made plans to regulate local companies producing content for YouTube.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The General Authority for Audiovisual Media, a recently formed watchdog, issued a public declaration to regulate the work of YouTube channels.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They planned to censor material that is "terrorist" in nature which according to the proposed rule will be any content that "disturbs public order, shakes the security of society, or subjects its national unity to danger, or obstructs the primary system of rule or harms the reputation of the state".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media">Social media</a> platforms such as <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> are widely used in Saudi Arabia, with nearly 30 percent of Arab region Twitter users from Saudi.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saudi was also accused of infiltrating Twitter through a Saudi employee that joined the company in 2013 but was put on leave two years later after the potential plot was brought to the attention of Twitter.<sup id="cite_ref-:04_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:04-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Since_2019">Since 2019</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Since 2019"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 13 July 2020, the public records updated that the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Government of the United Kingdom">UK government</a> was selling wiretaps, spyware and other equipment to 17 repressive regimes, including <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> and <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2020, two editors of the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_Wikipedia" title="Arabic Wikipedia">Arabic Wikipedia</a> were arrested on the same day: <a href="/wiki/Osama_Khalid" title="Osama Khalid">Osama Khalid</a> was <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_imprisoned_for_editing_Wikipedia" title="List of people imprisoned for editing Wikipedia">sentenced to 32 years in prison</a> while Ziyad al-Sofiani was sentenced to eight years, according to Smex, a Lebanese NGO to advance self-regulating information societies in the Arab-speaking world, and <a href="/wiki/Democracy_for_the_Arab_World_Now" title="Democracy for the Arab World Now">Democracy for the Arab World Now</a>. The Wikimedia Foundation subsequently identified and banned 16 users who seemed to routinely engage in "conflict of interest editing"—reportedly including spying for the Saudi government.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Middle_East" title="Censorship in the Middle East">Censorship in the Middle East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_Prevention_of_Vice" class="mw-redirect" title="Commission for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice">Commission for the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Cinema of Saudi Arabia">Cinema of Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Saudi_Arabia#Censorship" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Saudi Arabia">Censorship of LGBT rights in Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuwaa" title="Tuwaa">Tuwaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_imprisoned_for_editing_Wikipedia" title="List of people imprisoned for editing Wikipedia">List of people imprisoned for editing Wikipedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_books_banned_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of books banned in Saudi Arabia">List of books banned in Saudi Arabia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160116090029/http://rsf.org/index2014/en-middle-east.php">"World press freedom index 2014"</a>. Reporters Without Borders. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rsf.org/index2014/en-middle-east.php">the original</a> on 16 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+press+freedom+index+2014&rft.pub=Reporters+Without+Borders&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frsf.org%2Findex2014%2Fen-middle-east.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACensorship+in+Saudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180426213526/https://rsf.org/en/rsf-index-2018-hatred-journalism-threatens-democracies">"RSF Index 2018: Hatred of journalism threatens democracies"</a>. Reporters Without Borders. 23 April 2018. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Saudis%27+Image+Makers%3A+A+Troll+Army+and+a+Twitter+Insider&rft.date=2018-10-20&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Benner&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft.au=Mazzetti%2C+Mark&rft.au=Hubbard%2C+Ben&rft.au=Isaac%2C+Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F10%2F20%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fsaudi-image-campaign-twitter.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACensorship+in+Saudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/uk-spyware-wiretaps-saudi-arabia-china-bahrain-uae-human-rights-a9613206.html">"UK selling spyware and wiretaps to 17 repressive regimes including Saudi Arabia and China"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. 13 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=UK+selling+spyware+and+wiretaps+to+17+repressive+regimes+including+Saudi+Arabia+and+China&rft.date=2020-07-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fuk-spyware-wiretaps-saudi-arabia-china-bahrain-uae-human-rights-a9613206.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACensorship+in+Saudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/jan/05/saudi-arabia-jails-two-wikipedia-staff-in-bid-to-control-content">"Saudi Arabia jails two Wikipedia staff in 'bid to control content'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. 5 January 2023. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. <a href="/wiki/WDQ_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="WDQ (identifier)">Wikidata</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q116039713" class="extiw" title="d:Q116039713">Q116039713</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia+jails+two+Wikipedia+staff+in+%E2%80%98bid+to+control+content%E2%80%99&rft.date=2023-01-05&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftechnology%2F2023%2Fjan%2F05%2Fsaudi-arabia-jails-two-wikipedia-staff-in-bid-to-control-content&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACensorship+in+Saudi+Arabia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://neosmart.net/blog/2006/the-other-great-firewall/">The Other Great Firewall</a> by <a href="/wiki/NeoSmart_Technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="NeoSmart Technologies">NeoSmart Technologies</a>, 28 August 2006</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110326045744/http://en.rsf.org/internet-enemie-saudi-arabia,39745.html">Internet Enemies: Saudi Arabia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reporters_Without_Borders" title="Reporters Without Borders">Reporters Without Borders</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/filtering/saudiarabia/">Documentation of Internet Filtering in Saudi Arabia</a> J. Zittrain and B. Edelman, Harvard University, September 2002</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yourmiddleeast.com/columns/article/the-selfcensored-world-of-saudi-social-media_10516">The self-censored world of Saudi social media</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150222163827/http://www.yourmiddleeast.com/columns/article/the-selfcensored-world-of-saudi-social-media_10516">Archived</a> 22 February 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> by William Bauer, 25 October 2012</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vpnaccounts.com/saudi-arabia-internet-censorship.html">Internet filtering in KSA</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Internet_censorship_by_country" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Internet censorship by country"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Internet_censorship_and_surveillance_by_country82" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_and_surveillance_by_country" title="Internet censorship and surveillance by country">Internet censorship and surveillance by country</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Algeria#Legal_and_regulatory_frameworks" title="Internet in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Angola#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Botswana#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Internet in Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Burkina_Faso#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_Burundi#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Communications in Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Cameroon#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Central_African_Republic#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Chad#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo#Internet_freedom" title="Human rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo DR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Republic_of_the_Congo#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in the Republic of the Congo">Congo RO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Eritrea#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Ethiopia#Censorship" title="Internet in Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Gambia#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in the Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Ghana#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Guinea#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Guinea-Bissau#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Ivory_Coast#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Kenya#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Lesotho#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_Liberia#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" class="mw-redirect" title="Communications in Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Libya#Internet" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunications in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Madagascar#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunications in Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Malawi" title="Internet censorship in Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Mauritania#Internet_freedom" title="Human rights in Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Morocco" title="Internet censorship in Morocco">Morocco</a> (<span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Western_Sahara#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Mozambique#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Namibia#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Niger#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Nigeria#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Rwanda#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Senegal#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Sierra_Leone#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_Somalia#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Communications in Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_South_Africa" title="Internet censorship in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Sudan#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Swaziland#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunications in Swaziland">Swaziland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Tanzania#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Togo#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Tunisia" title="Internet censorship in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Zambia#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Zimbabwe#Legal_and_regulatory_framework" title="Internet in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_Argentina#Censorship" title="Communications in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Bahamas#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Barbados#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Belize#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Bolivia#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Brazil" title="Censorship in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Chile#Internet_freedom" title="Human rights in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Colombia#Censorship" title="Internet in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Costa_Rica#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Cuba" title="Internet censorship in Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_Dominican_Republic#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Ecuador#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_El_Salvador#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Greenland#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Guatemala#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Guyana#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Haiti#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Honduras#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Jamaica#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Mexico#Internet_censorship" title="Internet in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Nicaragua#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Panama#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Peru#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Suriname#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_the_United_States" title="Internet censorship in the United States">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Puerto_Rico#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Uruguay#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Venezuela" title="Censorship in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Afghanistan" title="Internet in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Bahrain#Internet" title="Human rights in Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Bangladesh#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Internet in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Bhutan" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_Cambodia#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" class="mw-redirect" title="Communications in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_China" title="Internet censorship in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_East_Timor#Censorship" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in East Timor">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Hong_Kong" title="Internet censorship in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_India" title="Internet censorship in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Indonesia" title="Internet censorship in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Iran" title="Internet censorship in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Iraq#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Israel#Internet_censorship" title="Internet in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Japan#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Internet in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Jordan#Internet_censorship" title="Human rights in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Kuwait#Internet_freedom" title="Human rights in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Kyrgyzstan#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_Mongolia#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" class="mw-redirect" title="Communications in Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Myanmar" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Nepal" title="Internet in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_North_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Oman#Internet_rights" title="Human rights in Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Pakistan" title="Internet censorship in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_the_Palestinian_territories#Censorship" class="mw-redirect" title="Communications in the Palestinian territories">Palestinian territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Philippines#Internet" title="Censorship in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Qatar#Legal_and_regulatory_framework" title="Internet in Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Singapore" title="Internet censorship in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_South_Korea" title="Internet censorship in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Taiwan#Internet_censorship" title="Telecommunications in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Tajikistan#Surveillance_and_filtering" title="Internet in Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Thailand" title="Internet censorship in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Turkmenistan" title="Human rights in Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates#Internet_censorship" title="Telecommunications in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Uzbekistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Vietnam" title="Internet censorship in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Yemen" title="Internet in Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Albania#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Armenia#Censorship" title="Telecommunications in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Austria#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Azerbaijan" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Belarus" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Belgium#Internet_censorship" title="Internet in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Bulgaria#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Internet in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Croatia#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Internet in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Cyprus#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_Czech_Republic#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Internet in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Estonia#Internet_surveillance_and_filtering" title="Internet in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_France" title="Internet censorship in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Germany" title="Internet censorship in Germany">Germany</a> (<a href="/wiki/Blocking_of_YouTube_videos_in_Germany" title="Blocking of YouTube videos in Germany">YouTube video blocking</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Georgia_(country)#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Greece#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Internet in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Hungary#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Internet censorship in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Kazakhstan" title="Internet in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Latvia#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Lithuania#Censorship" title="Telecommunications in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Moldova#Surveillance_and_filtering" title="Internet in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Montenegro#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_North_Macedonia#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Poland#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Internet in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Portugal#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Internet in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Romania" title="Internet censorship in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Russia" title="Internet censorship in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Serbia#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Internet in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Slovakia#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Slovenia#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Internet in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Spain#Internet_censorship_in_Spain" title="Internet in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Sweden#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Internet in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Switzerland" title="Internet censorship in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet censorship in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Ukraine#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Internet in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Internet censorship in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Australia" title="Internet censorship in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Fiji#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Telecommunications in Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_New_Zealand" title="Internet censorship in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_Papua_New_Guinea#Censorship" title="Communications in Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Censorship_in_Asia409" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topic" title="Template talk:Asia topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asia_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Censorship_in_Asia409" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Censorship in Asia</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Afghanistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Azerbaijan" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Bahrain" title="Censorship in Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Bangladesh" title="Censorship in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Bhutan" title="Censorship in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Brunei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censorship in Brunei (page does not exist)">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_China" title="Censorship in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_India" title="Censorship in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Indonesia" title="Censorship in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Iran" title="Censorship in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Iraq" title="Censorship in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Israel" title="Censorship in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Japan" title="Censorship in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Jordan" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Kazakhstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_North_Korea" title="Censorship in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_South_Korea" title="Censorship in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Kuwait" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Kyrgyzstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Laos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censorship in Laos (page does not exist)">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Lebanon" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Malaysia" title="Censorship in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Maldives" title="Censorship in the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Mongolia" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Myanmar" title="Censorship in Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Nepal" title="Censorship in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Oman" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Pakistan" title="Censorship in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Philippines" title="Censorship in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Qatar" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Russia" title="Censorship in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Singapore" title="Censorship in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Sri_Lanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Tajikistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censorship in Tajikistan (page does not exist)">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Thailand" title="Censorship in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Timor-Leste&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censorship in Timor-Leste (page does not exist)">Timor-Leste (East Timor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Turkey" title="Censorship in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Turkmenistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Uzbekistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Vietnam" title="Censorship in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censorship in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censorship in Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_State_of_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="Censorship in the State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censorship in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Taiwan" title="Censorship in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censorship in the British Indian Ocean Territory (page does not exist)">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Christmas_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censorship in Christmas Island (page does not exist)">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censorship in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (page does not exist)">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Hong_Kong" title="Censorship in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Macau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censorship in Macau (page does not exist)">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Asia" title="Category:Asia">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Saudi_Arabia_articles633" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Saudi_Arabia_topics" title="Template:Saudi Arabia topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Saudi_Arabia_topics" title="Template talk:Saudi Arabia topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Saudi_Arabia_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Saudi Arabia topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Saudi_Arabia_articles633" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Saudi_Arabia%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Saudi Arabia–related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="History of Saudi Arabia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Islamic_Arabia" title="Pre-Islamic Arabia">Pre-Islamic Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_in_Medina" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad in Medina">Early Islamic State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashidun_Caliphate" title="Rashidun Caliphate">Rashidun Caliphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad Caliphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" title="Abbasid Caliphate">Abbasid Caliphate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Diriyah" title="Emirate of Diriyah">Emirate of Diriyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirate_of_Nejd" title="Emirate of Nejd">Emirate of Nejd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hejaz" title="Kingdom of Hejaz">Kingdom of Hejaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unification_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Unification of Saudi Arabia">Unification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_history_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Modern history of Saudi Arabia">Modern history</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Emblem of Saudi Arabia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia_%282%29.svg/100px-Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia_%282%29.svg/150px-Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia_%282%29.svg/200px-Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="567" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Geography of Saudi Arabia">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Borders_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Template:Borders of Saudi Arabia">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of cities and towns in Saudi Arabia">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Climate of Saudi Arabia">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of earthquakes in Saudi Arabia">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governorates_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of governorates of Saudi Arabia">Governorates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of mountains in Saudi Arabia">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Provinces of Saudi Arabia">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wadis_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of wadis of Saudi Arabia">Wadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Wildlife of Saudi Arabia">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Politics of Saudi Arabia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegiance_Council" title="Allegiance Council">Allegiance Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Council of Ministers of Saudi Arabia">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consultative_Assembly_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia">Consultative Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custodian_of_the_Two_Holy_Mosques" title="Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques">Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Foreign relations of Saudi Arabia">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="King of Saudi Arabia">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Prince_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia">Crown Prince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mabahith" title="Mabahith">Mabahith (secret police)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Council_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="National Security Council (Saudi Arabia)">National Security Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_program_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Nuclear program of Saudi Arabia">Nuclear program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia">Prime Minister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2.95em;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Legal_system_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Legal system of Saudi Arabia">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basic_Law_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Basic Law of Saudi Arabia">Basic Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Capital punishment in Saudi Arabia">Capital punishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Elections in Saudi Arabia">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Freedom of religion in Saudi Arabia">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Human rights in Saudi Arabia">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Saudi Arabia">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Rape in Saudi Arabia">Rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Women's rights in Saudi Arabia">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Judiciary of Saudi Arabia">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_the_Promotion_of_Virtue_and_the_Prevention_of_Vice_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (Saudi Arabia)">Mutaween (religious police)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_passport" title="Saudi passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Visa policy of Saudi Arabia">Visa policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Saudi Arabia">Military</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_Army" title="Saudi Arabian Army">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Saudi_Navy" title="Royal Saudi Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Saudi_Air_Force" title="Royal Saudi Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Saudi_Air_Defense" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Saudi Air Defense">Air Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Saudi_Strategic_Missile_Force" title="Royal Saudi Strategic Missile Force">Strategic Missile Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_National_Guard" title="Saudi Arabian National Guard">National Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_General_Staff" title="Chairman of the General Staff">Chairman of the General Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Staff_Presidency" title="General Staff Presidency">General Staff Presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Intelligence_Presidency" title="General Intelligence Presidency">General Intelligence Presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_military_ranks" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabian military ranks">Military ranks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Economy of Saudi Arabia">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Agriculture in Saudi Arabia">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of companies of Saudi Arabia">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Market_Authority_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Capital Market Authority (Saudi Arabia)">Capital Market Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Economic_and_Development_Affairs_(Saudi_Arabia)" title="Council of Economic and Development Affairs (Saudi Arabia)">Council of Economic and Development Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Energy in Saudi Arabia">Energy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oil_reserves_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Oil reserves in Saudi Arabia">Oil reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_oil_industry_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="History of the oil industry in Saudi Arabia">History of the oil industry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_workers_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Foreign workers in Saudi Arabia">Foreign workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irrigation_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Irrigation in Saudi Arabia">Irrigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPEC" title="OPEC">OPEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_riyal" title="Saudi riyal">Riyal (currency)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Central_Bank" title="Saudi Central Bank">Saudi Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Economic_Council_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Supreme Economic Council of Saudi Arabia">Supreme Economic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tadawul" class="mw-redirect" title="Tadawul">Tadawul (stock exchange)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Telecommunications in Saudi Arabia">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Tourism in Saudi Arabia">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Transport in Saudi Arabia">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Rail transport in Saudi Arabia">rail</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Category:Society of Saudi Arabia">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Abortion in Saudi Arabia">Abortion</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Crime in Saudi Arabia">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Demographics of Saudi Arabia">Demographics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Youth_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Youth in Saudi Arabia">youth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_and_racial_discrimination_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Social and racial discrimination in Saudi Arabia">Discrimination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Education in Saudi Arabia">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Libraries_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Libraries in Saudi Arabia">libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="List of universities and colleges in Saudi Arabia">universities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Health care in Saudi Arabia">Health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Human trafficking in Saudi Arabia">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obesity_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Obesity in Saudi Arabia">Obesity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygamy_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Polygamy in Saudi Arabia">Polygamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Prostitution in Saudi Arabia">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Terrorism in Saudi Arabia">Terrorism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Response_of_Saudi_Arabia_to_ISIL" class="mw-redirect" title="Response of Saudi Arabia to ISIL">response to ISIL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Water supply and sanitation in Saudi Arabia">Water supply and sanitation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Culture of Saudi Arabia">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_art" title="Saudi Arabian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_arts_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Visual arts in Saudi Arabia">Visual arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Cinema of Saudi Arabia">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_cuisine" title="Saudi Arabian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Saudi Arabia">Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Television in Saudi Arabia">television</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Music of Saudi Arabia">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Public holidays in Saudi Arabia">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Religion in Saudi Arabia">Religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Islam in Saudi Arabia">Islam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Sport in Saudi Arabia">Sport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Football_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Football in Saudi Arabia">football</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Theatre in Saudi Arabia">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Heritage in Saudi Arabia">Heritage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="National symbols of Saudi Arabia">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Anthem_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="National Anthem of Saudi Arabia">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardah" title="Ardah">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Emblem of Saudi Arabia">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Flag of Saudi Arabia">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahada" title="Shahada">Motto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" 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