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dispersion technique</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: solid dispersion technique"> <meta name="keywords" content="solid dispersion technique"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="solid dispersion technique"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 9078</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: solid dispersion technique</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9078</span> Solubility Enhancement of Poorly Soluble Anticancer Drug, Docetaxel Using a Novel Polymer, Soluplus via Solid Dispersion Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adinarayana%20Gorajana">Adinarayana Gorajana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Venkata%20Srikanth%20Meka"> Venkata Srikanth Meka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjay%20Garg"> Sanjay Garg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lim%20Sue%20May"> Lim Sue May</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was designed to evaluate and enhance the solubility of poorly soluble drug, docetaxel through solid dispersion (SD) technique prepared using freeze drying method. Docetaxel solid dispersions were formulated with Soluplus in different weight ratios. Freeze drying method was used to prepare the solid dispersions. Solubility of the solid dispersions were evaluated respectively and the optimized of drug-solubilizers ratio systems were characterized with different analytical methods like Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to confirm the formation of complexes between drug and solubilizers. The solubility data revealed an overall improvement in solubility for all SD formulations. The ternary combination 1:5:2 gave the highest increase in solubility that is approximately 3 folds from the pure drug, suggesting the optimum drug-solubilizers ratio system. This data corresponds with the DSC and SEM analyses, which demonstrates presence of drug in amorphous state and the dispersion in the solubilizers in molecular level. The solubility of the poorly soluble drug, docetaxel was enhanced through preparation of solid dispersion formulations employing freeze drying method. Solid dispersion with multiple carrier system shows better solubility compared to single carrier system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=docetaxel" title="docetaxel">docetaxel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freeze%20drying" title=" freeze drying"> freeze drying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soluplus" title=" soluplus"> soluplus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20dispersion%20technique" title=" solid dispersion technique"> solid dispersion technique</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17833/solubility-enhancement-of-poorly-soluble-anticancer-drug-docetaxel-using-a-novel-polymer-soluplus-via-solid-dispersion-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9077</span> Enhancement of 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Solubility via Solid Dispersion Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamer%20M.%20Shehata">Tamer M. Shehata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heba%20S.%20Elsewedy"> Heba S. Elsewedy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mashel%20Al%20Dosary"> Mashel Al Dosary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaa%20Elshehry"> Alaa Elshehry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20A.%20Khedr"> Mohamed A. Khedr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maged%20E.%20Mohamed"> Maged E. Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) is a well-known herbicide widely used as a weed killer. Recently, 2,4-D was rediscovered as a new anti-inflammatory agent through in silico as well as in-vivo experiments. However, poor solubility of 2,4-D could represent a problems during pharmaceutical development in addition to lower bioavailability. Solid dispersion (SD) refers to a group of solid products consisting of at least two different components, usually a hydrophobic drug and hydrophilic matrix. It is well known technique for enhancing drug solubility. Therefore, selecting SD as a tool for enhancing 2,4-D could be of great interest to the formulator. Method: In our project, several polymers were investigated (such as PEG, HPMC, citric acid and others) in addition to drug polymer ratios and its effect on solubility. Evaluation of drug polymer interaction was investigated through both Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Finally, in-vivo evaluation was performed for the best selected preparation through inflammatory response of rat induce hind paw. Results: Results indicated that, citric acid 2,4-D and in ratio of 0.75 : 1 showed modified the dissolution profile of the drug. The FTIR resltes indicated no significant chemical interaction, however DSC showed shifting of the drug melting point. Finally, Carragenan induced rat hind paw edema showed significant reduction of the drug solid dispersion in comparison to the pure drug, indicating rapid and complete absorption of the drug in solid dispersion form. Conclusion: Solid dispersion technology can be utilized efficiently to enhance the solubility of 2,4-D. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20dispersion" title="solid dispersion">solid dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2" title=" 2"> 2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=4-D%20solubility" title="4-D solubility">4-D solubility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carragenan%20induced%20edema" title=" carragenan induced edema"> carragenan induced edema</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41335/enhancement-of-2-4-dichlorophenoxyacetic-acid-solubility-via-solid-dispersion-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41335.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">453</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9076</span> Formulation and Evaluation of Solid Dispersion of an Anti-Epileptic Drug Carbamazepine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharmin%20Akhter">Sharmin Akhter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Salahuddin"> M. Salahuddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sukalyan%20Kumar%20Kundu"> Sukalyan Kumar Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Fahim%20Kadir"> Mohammad Fahim Kadir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Relatively insoluble candidate drug like carbamazepine (CBZ) often exhibit incomplete or erratic absorption; and hence wide consideration is given to improve aqueous solubility of such compound. Solid dispersions were formulated with an aim of improving aqueous solubility, oral bioavailability and the rate of dissolution of Carbamazepine using different hydrophyllic polymer like Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 6000, Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 4000, kollidon 30, HPMC 6 cps, poloxamer 407 and povidone k 30. Solid dispersions were prepared with different drug to polymer weight ratio by the solvent evaporation method where methanol was used as solvent. Drug-polymer physical mixtures were also prepared to compare the rate of dissolution. Effects of different polymer were studied for solid dispersion formulation as well as physical mixtures. These formulations were characterized in the solid state by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Solid state characterization indicated CBZ was present as fine particles and entrapped in carrier matrix of PEG 6000 and PVP K30 solid dispersions. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic studies showed the stability of CBZ and absence of well-defined drug-polymer interactions. In contrast to the very slow dissolution rate of pure CBZ, dispersions of drug in polymers considerably improved the dissolution rate. This can be attributed to increased wettability and dispersibility, as well as decreased crystallinity and increase in amorphous fraction of drug. Solid dispersion formulations containing PEG 6000 and Povidone K 30 showed maximum drug release within one hour at the ratio of 1:1:1. Even physical mixtures of CBZ prepared with both carriers also showed better dissolution profiles than those of pure CBZ. In conclusions, solid dispersions could be a promising delivery of CBZ with improved oral bioavailability and immediate release profiles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbamazepine" title="carbamazepine">carbamazepine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FTIR" title=" FTIR"> FTIR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kollidon%2030" title=" kollidon 30"> kollidon 30</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HPMC%206%20CPS" title=" HPMC 6 CPS"> HPMC 6 CPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PEG%206000" title=" PEG 6000"> PEG 6000</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PEG%204000" title=" PEG 4000"> PEG 4000</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poloxamer%20407" title=" poloxamer 407"> poloxamer 407</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20solubility" title=" water solubility"> water solubility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=povidone%20k%2030" title=" povidone k 30"> povidone k 30</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM" title=" SEM"> SEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20dispersion" title=" solid dispersion "> solid dispersion </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58552/formulation-and-evaluation-of-solid-dispersion-of-an-anti-epileptic-drug-carbamazepine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58552.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9075</span> Designing a Dispersion Flattened Single Mode PCF for E-Band to U-Band with Less Effective Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shabbir%20Chowdhury">Shabbir Chowdhury</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A signal is broadened when it is gone through a channel, this phenomenon is known as dispersion. And dispersion is different for different wavelength. So bandwidth become limited. Research have tried to design an optical fiber with flattened dispersion to use more bandwidth and also for wavelength division multiplexing. In this paper, a single mode photonic crystal fiber with a flattened dispersion and less effective area has been proposed where silica is used as fiber materials. The effective dispersion varies from -1.996 to 0.1783 [ps/(nm-km)] for enter E-band to U-band. This fiber will take only 3.048 [micrometer^2] (for 1.75 micrometer wavelength). Silica is being used as the fiber material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photonic%20crystal%20fiber" title="photonic crystal fiber">photonic crystal fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion" title=" dispersion"> dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bandwidth" title=" bandwidth"> bandwidth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromatic%20dispersion" title=" chromatic dispersion"> chromatic dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20dispersion" title=" effective dispersion"> effective dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion%20compensation" title=" dispersion compensation"> dispersion compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20area" title=" effective area"> effective area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20refractive%20index" title=" effective refractive index"> effective refractive index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51092/designing-a-dispersion-flattened-single-mode-pcf-for-e-band-to-u-band-with-less-effective-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51092.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9074</span> Solid Dispersions of Cefixime Using β-Cyclodextrin: Characterization and in vitro Evaluation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nagasamy%20Venkatesh%20Dhandapani">Nagasamy Venkatesh Dhandapani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amged%20Awad%20El-Gied"> Amged Awad El-Gied</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cefixime, a BCS class II drug, is insoluble in water but freely soluble in acetone and in alcohol. The aqueous solubility of cefixime in water is poor and exhibits exceptionally slow and intrinsic dissolution rate. In the present study, cefixime and β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) solid dispersions were prepared with a view to study the effect and influence of β-CD on the solubility and dissolution rate of this poorly aqueous soluble drug. Phase solubility profile revealed that the solubility of cefixime was increased in the presence of β-CD and was classified as A<sub>L</sub>-type. Effect of variable, such as drug:carrier ratio, was studied. Physical characterization of the solid dispersion was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). These studies revealed that a distinct loss of drug crystallinity in the solid molecular dispersions is ostensibly accounting for enhancement of dissolution rate in distilled water. The drug release from the prepared solid dispersion exhibited a first order kinetics. Solid dispersions of cefixime showed a 6.77 times fold increase in dissolution rate over the pure drug. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%CE%B2-cyclodextrin" title="β-cyclodextrin">β-cyclodextrin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cefixime" title=" cefixime"> cefixime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissolution" title=" dissolution"> dissolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kneading%20method" title=" Kneading method"> Kneading method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20dispersions" title=" solid dispersions"> solid dispersions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=release%20kinetics" title=" release kinetics"> release kinetics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58364/solid-dispersions-of-cefixime-using-v-cyclodextrin-characterization-and-in-vitro-evaluation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58364.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">316</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9073</span> Simulation and Experimental of Solid Mixing of Free Flowing Material Using Solid Works in V-Blender</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amina%20Bouhaouche">Amina Bouhaouche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zineb%20Kaoua"> Zineb Kaoua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lila%20Lahreche"> Lila Lahreche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sid%20Ali%20Kaoua"> Sid Ali Kaoua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamel%20Daoud"> Kamel Daoud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study is to present a novel approach for analyzing the solid dispersion and mixing performance by a numerical simulation method using solid works software of a monodisperse particles for a large span of time reached 20 minutes. To assure the viability of a numerical simulation, an experimental study of a binary mixture of monodiperse particles taken as free flowing material in a V blender was developed on the basis of relative standard deviation curves, and the arrangement of the particles in the vessel. The experimental results were discussed and compared to the numerical simulation results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-cohesive%20material" title="non-cohesive material">non-cohesive material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20mixing" title=" solid mixing"> solid mixing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20works" title=" solid works"> solid works</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=v-blender" title=" v-blender"> v-blender</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38632/simulation-and-experimental-of-solid-mixing-of-free-flowing-material-using-solid-works-in-v-blender" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38632.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9072</span> Thixomixing as Novel Method for Fabrication Aluminum Composite with Carbon and Alumina Fibers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ebrahim%20Akbarzadeh">Ebrahim Akbarzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Josep%20A.%20Picas%20Barrachina"> Josep A. Picas Barrachina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maite%20Baile%20Puig"> Maite Baile Puig</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study focuses on a novel method for dispersion and distribution of reinforcement under high intensive shear stress to produce metal composites. The polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based short carbon fiber (Csf) and Nextel 610 alumina fiber were dispersed under high intensive shearing at mushy zone in semi-solid of A356 by a novel method. The bundles and clusters were embedded by infiltration of slurry into the clusters, thus leading to a uniform microstructure. The fibers were embedded homogenously into the aluminum around 576-580°C with around 46% of solid fraction. Other experiments at 615°C and 568°C which are contained 0% and 90% solid respectively were not successful for dispersion and infiltration of aluminum into bundles of Csf. The alumina fiber has been cracked by high shearing load. The morphologies and crystalline phase were evaluated by SEM and XRD. The adopted thixo-process effectively improved the adherence and distribution of Csf into Al that can be developed to produce various composites by thixomixing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum" title="aluminum">aluminum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20fiber" title=" carbon fiber"> carbon fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alumina%20fiber" title=" alumina fiber"> alumina fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thixomixing" title=" thixomixing"> thixomixing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title=" adhesion"> adhesion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22998/thixomixing-as-novel-method-for-fabrication-aluminum-composite-with-carbon-and-alumina-fibers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">557</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9071</span> Chitosan-Aluminum Monostearate Dispersion as Fabricating Liquid for Constructing Controlled Drug Release Matrix</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kotchamon%20Yodkhum">Kotchamon Yodkhum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thawatchai%20Phaechamud"> Thawatchai Phaechamud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydrophobic chitosan-based materials have been developed as controlled drug delivery system. This study was aimed to prepare and evaluate chitosan-aluminum monostearate composite dispersion (CLA) as fabricating liquid for construct a hydrophobic, controlled-release solid drug delivery matrix. This work was attempted to blend hydrophobic substance, aluminum monostearate (AMS), with chitosan in acidic aqueous medium without using any surfactants or grafting reaction, and high temperature during mixing that are normally performed when preparing hydrophobic chitosan system. Lactic acid solution (2%w/v) was employed as chitosan solvent. CLA dispersion was prepared by dispersing different amounts of AMS (1-20% w/w) in chitosan solution (4% w/w) with continuous agitation using magnetic stirrer for 24 h. Effect of AMS amount on physicochemical properties of the dispersion such as viscosity, rheology and particle size was evaluated. Morphology of chitosan-AMS complex (dispersant) was observed under inverted microscope and atomic force microscope. Stability of CLA dispersions was evaluated after preparation within 48 h. CLA dispersions containing AMS less than 5 % w/w exhibited rheological behavior as Newtonian while that containing higher AMS amount exhibited as pseudoplastic. Particle size of the dispersant was significantly smaller when AMS amount was increased up to 5% w/w and was not different between the higher AMS amount system. Morphology of the dispersant under inverted microscope displayed irregular shape and their size exhibited the same trend with particle size measurement. Observation of the dispersion stability revealed that phase separation occurred faster in the system containing higher AMS amount which indicated lower stability of the system. However, the dispersions were homogeneous and stable more than 12 hours after preparation that enough for fabrication process. The prepared dispersions had ability to be fabricated as a porous matrix via lyophilization technique. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chitosan" title="chitosan">chitosan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum%20monostearate" title=" aluminum monostearate"> aluminum monostearate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion" title=" dispersion"> dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=controlled-release" title=" controlled-release"> controlled-release</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12349/chitosan-aluminum-monostearate-dispersion-as-fabricating-liquid-for-constructing-controlled-drug-release-matrix" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12349.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9070</span> Evaluation of the Adsorption Adaptability of Activated Carbon Using Dispersion Force</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masao%20Fujisawa">Masao Fujisawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hirohito%20Ikeda"> Hirohito Ikeda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomonori%20Ohata"> Tomonori Ohata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miho%20Yukawa"> Miho Yukawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hatsumi%20Aki"> Hatsumi Aki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takayoshi%20Kimura"> Takayoshi Kimura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We attempted to predict adsorption coefficients by utilizing dispersion energies. We performed liquid-phase free energy calculations based on gas-phase geometries of organic compounds using the DFT and studied the relationship between the adsorption of organic compounds by activated carbon and dispersion energies of the organic compounds. A linear correlation between absorption coefficients and dispersion energies was observed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activated%20carbon" title="activated carbon">activated carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prediction" title=" prediction"> prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion%20energy" title=" dispersion energy"> dispersion energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50573/evaluation-of-the-adsorption-adaptability-of-activated-carbon-using-dispersion-force" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50573.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9069</span> Characterization of the Dispersion Phenomenon in an Optical Biosensor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=An-Shik%20Yang">An-Shik Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chin-Ting%20Kuo"> Chin-Ting Kuo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yung-Chun%20Yang"> Yung-Chun Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Hsin%20Hsieh"> Wen-Hsin Hsieh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chiang-Ho%20Cheng"> Chiang-Ho Cheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Optical biosensors have become a powerful detection and analysis tool for wide-ranging applications in biomedical research, pharmaceuticals and environmental monitoring. This study carried out the computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based simulations to explore the dispersion phenomenon in the microchannel of a optical biosensor. The predicted time sequences of concentration contours were utilized to better understand the dispersion development occurred in different geometric shapes of microchannels. The simulation results showed the surface concentrations at the sensing probe (with the best performance of a grating coupler) in respect of time to appraise the dispersion effect and therefore identify the design configurations resulting in minimum dispersion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD%20simulations" title="CFD simulations">CFD simulations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion" title=" dispersion"> dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microfluidic" title=" microfluidic"> microfluidic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20waveguide%20sensors" title=" optical waveguide sensors"> optical waveguide sensors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24715/characterization-of-the-dispersion-phenomenon-in-an-optical-biosensor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24715.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">545</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9068</span> Modeling and Computational Validation of Dispersion Curves of Guide Waves in a Pipe Using ANSYS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Perdomo">A. Perdomo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20R.%20Bacca"> J. R. Bacca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Q.%20E.%20Jabid"> Q. E. Jabid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, technological and investigative progress has been achieved in the area of monitoring of equipment and installation as a result of a deeper understanding of physical phenomenon associated with the non-destructive tests (NDT). The modal analysis proposes an efficient solution to determine the dispersion curves of an arbitrary waveguide cross-sectional. Dispersion curves are essential in the discontinuity localization based on guided waves. In this work, an isotropic hollow cylinder is dynamically analyzed in ANSYS to obtain resonant frequencies and mode shapes all of them associated with the dispersion curves. The numerical results provide the relation between frequency and wavelength which is the foundation of the dispersion curves. Results of the simulation process are validated with the software GUIGW. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ansys%20APDL" title="ansys APDL">ansys APDL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion%20curves" title=" dispersion curves"> dispersion curves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guide%20waves" title=" guide waves"> guide waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modal%20analysis" title=" modal analysis"> modal analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108272/modeling-and-computational-validation-of-dispersion-curves-of-guide-waves-in-a-pipe-using-ansys" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108272.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9067</span> Quantification of Dispersion Effects in Arterial Spin Labelling Perfusion MRI</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rutej%20R.%20Mehta">Rutej R. Mehta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20A.%20Chappell"> Michael A. Chappell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Arterial spin labelling (ASL) is an increasingly popular perfusion MRI technique, in which arterial blood water is magnetically labelled in the neck before flowing into the brain, providing a non-invasive measure of cerebral blood flow (CBF). The accuracy of ASL CBF measurements, however, is hampered by dispersion effects; the distortion of the ASL labelled bolus during its transit through the vasculature. In spite of this, the current recommended implementation of ASL – the white paper (Alsop et al., MRM, 73.1 (2015): 102-116) – does not account for dispersion, which leads to the introduction of errors in CBF. Given that the transport time from the labelling region to the tissue – the arterial transit time (ATT) – depends on the region of the brain and the condition of the patient, it is likely that these errors will also vary with the ATT. In this study, various dispersion models are assessed in comparison with the white paper (WP) formula for CBF quantification, enabling the errors introduced by the WP to be quantified. Additionally, this study examines the relationship between the errors associated with the WP and the ATT – and how this is influenced by dispersion. Methods: Data were simulated using the standard model for pseudo-continuous ASL, along with various dispersion models, and then quantified using the formula in the WP. The ATT was varied from 0.5s-1.3s, and the errors associated with noise artefacts were computed in order to define the concept of significant error. The instantaneous slope of the error was also computed as an indicator of the sensitivity of the error with fluctuations in ATT. Finally, a regression analysis was performed to obtain the mean error against ATT. Results: An error of 20.9% was found to be comparable to that introduced by typical measurement noise. The WP formula was shown to introduce errors exceeding 20.9% for ATTs beyond 1.25s even when dispersion effects were ignored. Using a Gaussian dispersion model, a mean error of 16% was introduced by using the WP, and a dispersion threshold of σ=0.6 was determined, beyond which the error was found to increase considerably with ATT. The mean error ranged from 44.5% to 73.5% when other physiologically plausible dispersion models were implemented, and the instantaneous slope varied from 35 to 75 as dispersion levels were varied. Conclusion: It has been shown that the WP quantification formula holds only within an ATT window of 0.5 to 1.25s, and that this window gets narrower as dispersion occurs. Provided that the dispersion levels fall below the threshold evaluated in this study, however, the WP can measure CBF with reasonable accuracy if dispersion is correctly modelled by the Gaussian model. However, substantial errors were observed with other common models for dispersion with dispersion levels similar to those that have been observed in literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arterial%20spin%20labelling" title="arterial spin labelling">arterial spin labelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion" title=" dispersion"> dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MRI" title=" MRI"> MRI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perfusion" title=" perfusion"> perfusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29742/quantification-of-dispersion-effects-in-arterial-spin-labelling-perfusion-mri" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29742.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9066</span> Synthesis of Dispersion-Compensating Triangular Lattice Index-Guiding Photonic Crystal Fibers Using the Directed Tabu Search Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Karim">F. Karim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, triangular lattice index-guiding photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are synthesized to compensate the chromatic dispersion of a single mode fiber (SMF-28) for an 80 km optical link operating at 1.55 µm, by using the directed tabu search algorithm. Hole-to-hole distance, circular air-hole diameter, solid-core diameter, ring number and PCF length parameters are optimized for this purpose. Three Synthesized PCFs with different physical parameters are compared in terms of their objective functions values, residual dispersions and compensation ratios. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triangular%20lattice%20index-guiding%20photonic%20crystal%20fiber" title="triangular lattice index-guiding photonic crystal fiber">triangular lattice index-guiding photonic crystal fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion%20compensation" title=" dispersion compensation"> dispersion compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=directed%20tabu%20search" title=" directed tabu search"> directed tabu search</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthesis" title=" synthesis"> synthesis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39125/synthesis-of-dispersion-compensating-triangular-lattice-index-guiding-photonic-crystal-fibers-using-the-directed-tabu-search-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39125.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9065</span> Effect of Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Chemical Reactions on Peristaltic Flow of a Jeffrey Fluid in an Asymmetric Channel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Ravi%20Kiran">G. Ravi Kiran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Radhakrishnamacharya"> G. Radhakrishnamacharya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the dispersion of a solute in the peristaltic flow of a Jeffrey fluid in the presence of both homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions has been discussed. The average effective dispersion coefficient has been found using Taylor's limiting condition under long wavelength approximation. It is observed that the average dispersion coefficient increases with amplitude ratio which implies that dispersion is more in the presence of peristalsis. The average effective dispersion coefficient increases with Jeffrey parameter in the cases of both homogeneous and combined homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions. Further, dispersion decreases with a phase difference, homogeneous reaction rate parameters, and heterogeneous reaction rate parameter. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peristalsis" title="peristalsis">peristalsis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion" title=" dispersion"> dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20reaction" title=" chemical reaction"> chemical reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeffrey%20fluid" title=" Jeffrey fluid"> Jeffrey fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asymmetric%20channel" title=" asymmetric channel"> asymmetric channel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18706/effect-of-homogeneous-and-heterogeneous-chemical-reactions-on-peristaltic-flow-of-a-jeffrey-fluid-in-an-asymmetric-channel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18706.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">586</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9064</span> Burnback Analysis of Star Grain Using Level-Set Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Yasin">Ali Yasin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Kamran"> Ali Kamran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Safdar"> Muhammad Safdar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to reduce the hefty cost involved in terms of time and project cost, the development and application of advanced numerical tools to address the burn-back analysis problem in solid rocket motor design and development is the need of time. Several advanced numerical schemes have been developed in recent times, but their usage in the design of propellant grain of solid rocket motors is very rare. In this paper, an advanced numerical technique named the Level-Set method has been utilized for the burn-back analysis of star grain to study the effect of geometrical parameters on ballistic performance indicators such as solid loading, neutrality, and sliver percentage. In the level set technique, simple finite difference methods may fail quickly and require more sophisticated non-oscillatory schemes for feasible long-time simulation. For internal ballistic calculations, a simplified equilibrium pressure method is utilized. Preliminary results of the operative conditions, for all the combustion time, of star grain burn-back using level set techniques are compared with published results using CAD technique to test the developed numerical model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20rocket%20motor" title="solid rocket motor">solid rocket motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20ballistic" title=" internal ballistic"> internal ballistic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level-set%20technique" title=" level-set technique"> level-set technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=star%20grain" title=" star grain"> star grain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156519/burnback-analysis-of-star-grain-using-level-set-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156519.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9063</span> Influence of Chirp of High-Speed Laser Diodes and Fiber Dispersion on Performance of Non-Amplified 40-Gbps Optical Fiber Links</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Bakry">Ahmed Bakry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustafa%20Ahmed"> Moustafa Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We model and simulate the combined effect of fiber dispersion and frequency chirp of a directly modulated high-speed laser diode on the figures of merit of a non-amplified 40-Gbps optical fiber link. We consider both the return to zero (RZ) and non-return to zero (NRZ) patterns of the pseudorandom modulation bits. The performance of the fiber communication system is assessed by the fiber-length limitation due to the fiber dispersion. We study the influence of replacing standard single-mode fibers by non-zero dispersion-shifted fibers on the maximum fiber length and evaluate the associated power penalty. We introduce new dispersion tolerances for 1-dB power penalty of the RZ and NRZ 40-Gbps optical fiber links. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bit%20error%20rate" title="bit error rate">bit error rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion" title=" dispersion"> dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20chirp" title=" frequency chirp"> frequency chirp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20communications" title=" fiber communications"> fiber communications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiconductor%20laser" title=" semiconductor laser"> semiconductor laser</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10587/influence-of-chirp-of-high-speed-laser-diodes-and-fiber-dispersion-on-performance-of-non-amplified-40-gbps-optical-fiber-links" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10587.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">641</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9062</span> Effects of Dispersion on Peristaltic Flow of a Micropolar Fluid Through a Porous Medium with Wall Effects in the Presence of Slip</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Ravi%20Kiran">G. Ravi Kiran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Radhakrishnamacharya"> G. Radhakrishnamacharya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the effects of slip boundary condition and wall properties on the dispersion of a solute matter in peristaltic flow of an incompressible micropolar fluid through a porous medium. Long wavelength approximation, Taylor's limiting condition and dynamic boundary conditions at the flexible walls are used to obtain the average effective dispersion coefficient in the presence of combined homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions. The effects of various pertinent parameters on the effective dispersion coefficient are discussed. It is observed that peristalsis enhances dispersion. It also increases with micropolar parameter, cross viscosity coefficient, Darcy number, slip parameter and wall parameters. Further, dispersion decreases with homogenous chemical reaction rate and heterogeneous chemical reaction rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20reaction" title="chemical reaction">chemical reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion" title=" dispersion"> dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peristalsis" title=" peristalsis"> peristalsis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slip%20condition" title=" slip condition"> slip condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wall%20properties" title=" wall properties"> wall properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24925/effects-of-dispersion-on-peristaltic-flow-of-a-micropolar-fluid-through-a-porous-medium-with-wall-effects-in-the-presence-of-slip" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24925.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">466</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9061</span> Replacing an Old PFN System with a Solid State Modulator without Changing the Klystron Transformer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Klas%20Elmquist">Klas Elmquist</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anders%20Larsson"> Anders Larsson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Until the year 2000, almost all short pulse modulators in the accelerator world were made with the pulse forming network (PFN) technique. The pulse forming network systems have since then been replaced with solid state modulators that have better efficiency, better stability, and lower cost of ownership, and they are much smaller. In this paper, it is shown that it is possible to replace a pulse forming network system with a solid-state system without changing the klystron tank and the klystron transformer. The solid-state modulator uses semiconductors switching at 1 kV level. A first pulse transformer transforms the voltage up to 10 kV. The 10 kV pulse is finally fed into the original transformer that is placed under the klystron. A flatness of 0.8 percent and stability of 100 PPM is achieved. The test is done with a CPI 8262 type of klystron. It is also shown that it is possible to run such a system with long cables between the transformers. When using this technique, it will be possible to keep original sub-systems like filament systems, vacuum systems, focusing solenoid systems, and cooling systems for the klystron. This will substantially reduce the cost of an upgrade and prolong the life of the klystron system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modulator" title="modulator">modulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid-state" title=" solid-state"> solid-state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PFN-system" title=" PFN-system"> PFN-system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyratron" title=" thyratron"> thyratron</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158666/replacing-an-old-pfn-system-with-a-solid-state-modulator-without-changing-the-klystron-transformer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158666.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9060</span> Investigation of Stoneley Waves in Multilayered Plates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bing%20Li">Bing Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tong%20Lu"> Tong Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Qiang"> Lei Qiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Stoneley waves are interface waves that propagate at the interface between two solid media. In this study, the dispersion characteristics and wave structures of Stoneley waves in elastic multilayered plates are displayed and investigated. With a perspective of bulk wave, a reasonable assumption of the potential function forms of the expansion wave and shear wave in nth layer medium is adopted, and the characteristic equation of Stoneley waves in a three-layered plate is given in a determinant form. The dispersion curves and wave structures are solved and presented in both numerical and simulation results. It is observed that two Stoneley wave modes exist in a three-layered plate, that conspicuous dispersion occurs on low frequency band, that the velocity of each Stoneley wave mode approaches the corresponding Stoneley wave velocity at interface between two half infinite spaces. The wave structures reveal that the in-plane displacement of Stoneley waves are relatively high at interfaces, which shows great potential for interface defects detection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristic%20equation" title="characteristic equation">characteristic equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interface%20waves" title=" interface waves"> interface waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potential%20function" title=" potential function"> potential function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stoneley%20waves" title=" Stoneley waves"> Stoneley waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wave%20structure" title=" wave structure"> wave structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45214/investigation-of-stoneley-waves-in-multilayered-plates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45214.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9059</span> An Improvement of a Dynamic Model of the Secondary Sedimentation Tank and Field Validation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahir%20Bakiri">Zahir Bakiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saci%20Nacefa"> Saci Nacefa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper a comparison in made between two models, with and without dispersion term, and focused on the characterization of the movement of the sludge blanket in the secondary sedimentation tank using the solid flux theory and the velocity settling. This allowed us develop a one-dimensional models, with and without dispersion based on a thorough experimental study carried out in situ and the application of online data which are the mass load flow, transfer concentration, and influent characteristic. On the other hand, in the proposed model, the new settling velocity law (double-exponential function) used is based on the Vesilind function. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title="wastewater">wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activated%20sludge" title=" activated sludge"> activated sludge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sedimentation" title=" sedimentation"> sedimentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=settling%20velocity" title=" settling velocity"> settling velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=settling%20models" title=" settling models"> settling models</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23073/an-improvement-of-a-dynamic-model-of-the-secondary-sedimentation-tank-and-field-validation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23073.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9058</span> Ultra-Low Chromatic Dispersion, Low Confinement Loss, and Low Nonlinear Effects Index-Guiding Photonic Crystal Fiber </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Olyaee">S. Olyaee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Seifouri"> M. Seifouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Nikoosohbat"> A. Nikoosohbat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Shams%20Esfand%20Abadi"> M. Shams Esfand Abadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCFs) can be used in optical communications as transmission lines. For this reason, the PCFs with low confinement loss, low chromatic dispersion, and low nonlinear effects are highly suitable transmission media. In this paper, we introduce a new design of index-guiding photonic crystal fiber (IG-PCF) with ultra-low chromatic dispersion, low nonlinearity effects, and low confinement loss. Relatively low dispersion is achieved in the wavelength range of 1200 to 1600 nm using the proposed design. According to the new structure of IG-PCF presented in this study, the chromatic dispersion slope is -30(ps/km.nm) and the confinement loss reaches below 10-7 dB/km. While in the wavelength range mentioned above at the same time an effective area of more than 50.2μm2 is obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20communication%20systems" title="optical communication systems">optical communication systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=index-guiding" title=" index-guiding"> index-guiding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion" title=" dispersion"> dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confinement%20loss" title=" confinement loss"> confinement loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photonic%20crystal%20fiber" title=" photonic crystal fiber"> photonic crystal fiber</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20500/ultra-low-chromatic-dispersion-low-confinement-loss-and-low-nonlinear-effects-index-guiding-photonic-crystal-fiber" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20500.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">609</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9057</span> Specific Emitter Identification Based on Refined Composite Multiscale Dispersion Entropy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaoying%20Guo">Shaoying Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanyun%20Xu"> Yanyun Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meng%20Zhang"> Meng Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weiqing%20Huang"> Weiqing Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The wireless communication network is developing rapidly, thus the wireless security becomes more and more important. Specific emitter identification (SEI) is an vital part of wireless communication security as a technique to identify the unique transmitters. In this paper, a SEI method based on multiscale dispersion entropy (MDE) and refined composite multiscale dispersion entropy (RCMDE) is proposed. The algorithms of MDE and RCMDE are used to extract features for identification of five wireless devices and cross-validation support vector machine (CV-SVM) is used as the classifier. The experimental results show that the total identification accuracy is 99.3%, even at low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) of 5dB, which proves that MDE and RCMDE can describe the communication signal series well. In addition, compared with other methods, the proposed method is effective and provides better accuracy and stability for SEI. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-validation%20support%20vector%20machine" title="cross-validation support vector machine">cross-validation support vector machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refined%20com-%20posite%20multiscale%20dispersion%20entropy" title=" refined com- posite multiscale dispersion entropy"> refined com- posite multiscale dispersion entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20emitter%20identification" title=" specific emitter identification"> specific emitter identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transient%20signal" title=" transient signal"> transient signal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wireless%20communication%20device" title=" wireless communication device"> wireless communication device</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105514/specific-emitter-identification-based-on-refined-composite-multiscale-dispersion-entropy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105514.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9056</span> Effects of Variable Properties and Double Dispersion on Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Mixed Convection in a Power-Law Fluid Saturated Non-Darcy Porous Medium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pranitha%20Janapatla">Pranitha Janapatla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Venkata%20Suman%20Gontla"> Venkata Suman Gontla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present paper investigates the effects of MHD, double dispersion and variable properties on mixed convection flow from a vertical surface in a power-law fluid saturated non-Darcy porous medium. The governing non-linear partial differential equations are reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations by using a special form of Lie group transformations viz. scaling group of transformations. These ordinary differential equations are solved numerically by using Shooting technique. The influence of relevant parameters on the non-dimensional velocity, temperature, concentration for pseudo-plastic fluid, Newtonian and dilatant fluid are discussed and displayed graphically. The behavior of heat and mass transfer coefficients are shown in tabular form. Comparisons with the published works are performed and are found to be in very good agreement. From this analysis, it is observed that an increase in variable viscosity causes to decrease in velocity profile and increase the temperature and concentration distributions. It is also concluded that increase in the solutal dispersion decreases the velocity and concentration but raises the temperature profile. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power-law%20fluid" title="power-law fluid">power-law fluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20dispersion" title=" thermal dispersion"> thermal dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solutal%20dispersion" title=" solutal dispersion"> solutal dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variable%20viscosity" title=" variable viscosity"> variable viscosity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54707/effects-of-variable-properties-and-double-dispersion-on-magnetohydrodynamic-mhd-mixed-convection-in-a-power-law-fluid-saturated-non-darcy-porous-medium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54707.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">231</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9055</span> CFD Modeling of Pollutant Dispersion in a Free Surface Flow</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonia%20Ben%20Hamza">Sonia Ben Hamza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabra%20Habli"> Sabra Habli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nejla%20Mahjoub%20Said"> Nejla Mahjoub Said</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Herv%C3%A9%20Bournot"> Hervé Bournot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georges%20Le%20Palec"> Georges Le Palec</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, we determine the turbulent dynamic structure of pollutant dispersion in two-phase free surface flow. The numerical simulation was performed using ANSYS Fluent. The flow study is three-dimensional, unsteady and isothermal. The study area has been endowed with a rectangular obstacle to analyze its influence on the hydrodynamic variables and progression of the pollutant. The numerical results show that the hydrodynamic model provides prediction of the dispersion of a pollutant in an open channel flow and reproduces the recirculation and trapping the pollutant downstream near the obstacle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFD" title="CFD">CFD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20surface" title=" free surface"> free surface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polluant%20dispersion" title=" polluant dispersion"> polluant dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbulent%20flows" title=" turbulent flows"> turbulent flows</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30237/cfd-modeling-of-pollutant-dispersion-in-a-free-surface-flow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30237.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">545</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9054</span> Study of Motion of Impurity Ions in Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) from View Point of Microstructure of Polymer Solid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuichi%20Anada">Yuichi Anada</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electrical properties of polymer solid is characterized by dielectric relaxation phenomenon. Complex permittivity shows a high dependence on frequency of external stimulation in the broad frequency range from 0.1mHz to 10GHz. The complex-permittivity dispersion gives us a lot of useful information about the molecular motion of polymers and the structure of polymer aggregates. However, the large dispersion of permittivity at low frequencies due to DC conduction of impurity ions often covers the dielectric relaxation in polymer solid. In experimental investigation, many researchers have tried to remove the DC conduction experimentally or analytically for a long time. On the other hand, our laboratory chose another way of research for this problem from the point of view of a reversal in thinking. The way of our research is to use the impurity ions in the DC conduction as a probe to detect the motion of polymer molecules and to investigate the structure of polymer aggregates. In addition to the complex permittivity, the electric modulus and the conductivity relaxation time are strong tools for investigating the ionic motion in DC conduction. In a non-crystalline part of melt-crystallized polymers, free spaces with inhomogeneous size exist between crystallites. As the impurity ions exist in the non-crystalline part and move through these inhomogeneous free spaces, the motion of ions reflects the microstructure of non-crystalline part. The ionic motion of impurity ions in poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is investigated in this study. Frequency dependence of the loss permittivity of PVDF shows a characteristic of the direct current (DC) conduction below 1 kHz of frequency at 435 K. The electric modulus-frequency curve shows a characteristic of the dispersion with the single conductivity relaxation time. Namely, it is the Debye-type dispersion. The conductivity relaxation time analyzed from this curve is 0.00003 s at 435 K. From the plot of conductivity relaxation time of PVDF together with the other polymers against permittivity, it was found that there are two group of polymers; one of the group is characterized by small conductivity relaxation time and large permittivity, and another is characterized by large conductivity relaxation time and small permittivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conductivity%20relaxation%20time" title="conductivity relaxation time">conductivity relaxation time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20modulus" title=" electric modulus"> electric modulus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ionic%20motion" title=" ionic motion"> ionic motion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permittivity" title=" permittivity"> permittivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poly%28vinylidene%20fluoride%29" title=" poly(vinylidene fluoride)"> poly(vinylidene fluoride)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DC%20conduction" title=" DC conduction"> DC conduction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87232/study-of-motion-of-impurity-ions-in-polyvinylidene-fluoride-from-view-point-of-microstructure-of-polymer-solid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87232.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9053</span> Population Size Estimation Based on the GPD</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Anan">O. Anan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20B%C3%B6hning"> D. Böhning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Maruotti"> A. Maruotti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of the study is to estimate the elusive target population size under a truncated count model that accounts for heterogeneity. The purposed estimator is based on the generalized Poisson distribution (GPD), which extends the Poisson distribution by adding a dispersion parameter. Thus, it becomes an useful model for capture-recapture data where concurrent events are not homogeneous. In addition, it can account for over-dispersion and under-dispersion. The ratios of neighboring frequency counts are used as a tool for investigating the validity of whether generalized Poisson or Poisson distribution. Since capture-recapture approaches do not provide the zero counts, the estimated parameters can be achieved by modifying the EM-algorithm technique for the zero-truncated generalized Poisson distribution. The properties and the comparative performance of proposed estimator were investigated through simulation studies. Furthermore, some empirical examples are represented insights on the behavior of the estimators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capture" title="capture">capture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recapture%20methods" title=" recapture methods"> recapture methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ratio%20plot" title=" ratio plot"> ratio plot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterogeneous%20population" title=" heterogeneous population"> heterogeneous population</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero-truncated%20count" title=" zero-truncated count"> zero-truncated count</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37160/population-size-estimation-based-on-the-gpd" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37160.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9052</span> Model of Cosserat Continuum Dispersion in a Half-Space with a Scatterer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francisco%20Velez">Francisco Velez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20David%20Gomez"> Juan David Gomez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dispersion effects on the Scattering for a semicircular canyon in a micropolar continuum are analyzed, by using a computational finite element scheme. The presence of microrotational waves and the dispersive SV waves affects the propagation of elastic waves. Here, a contrast with the classic model is presented, and the dependence with the micropolar parameters is studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scattering" title="scattering">scattering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semicircular%20canyon" title=" semicircular canyon"> semicircular canyon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wave%20dispersion" title=" wave dispersion"> wave dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micropolar%20medium" title=" micropolar medium"> micropolar medium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM%20modeling" title=" FEM modeling"> FEM modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11667/model-of-cosserat-continuum-dispersion-in-a-half-space-with-a-scatterer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11667.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">543</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9051</span> Pd Supported on Activated Carbon: Effect of Support Texture on the Dispersion of Pd</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%20Sun%20Kim">Ji Sun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jae%20Ho%20Baek"> Jae Ho Baek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyeong%20Ho%20Kim"> Kyeong Ho Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ji%20Hae%20Ha"> Ji Hae Ha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seong%20Soo%20Hong"> Seong Soo Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung-Wook%20Park"> Jung-Wook Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Man%20Sig%20Lee"> Man Sig Lee </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Carbon supported palladium catalysts have been used in many industrial reactions, especially for hydrogenation in the fine chemical industry. Porous carbons had been widely used as catalyst supports due to its higher surface area and larger pore volume. The specific surface area, pore structure and surface chemical functional groups of porous carbon affects metal dispersion and particle size. In this paper, we confirm the effect of support texture on the dispersion of Pd. Pd catalyst supported on activated carbon having various specific surface area were characterized by BET, XRD and FE-TEM. Catalyst activity and dispersion of prepared catalyst were evaluated on the basis of the CO adsorption capacity by CO-chemisorption. As concluding remark to this part of our study, let us note that specific area of carbon play important role on the synthesis of Pd/C catalyst/. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon" title="carbon">carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion" title=" dispersion"> dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pd%2FC" title=" Pd/C"> Pd/C</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20are" title=" specific are"> specific are</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=support" title=" support"> support</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40084/pd-supported-on-activated-carbon-effect-of-support-texture-on-the-dispersion-of-pd" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40084.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">352</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9050</span> Study of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-P-Dioxins and Dibenzofurans Dispersion in the Environment of a Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%B3mez%20R.%20Marta">Gómez R. Marta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mart%C3%ADn%20M.%20Jes%C3%BAs%20Mar%C3%ADa"> Martín M. Jesús María</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The general aim of this paper identifies the areas of highest concentration of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) around the incinerator through the use of dispersion models. Atmospheric dispersion models are useful tools for estimating and prevent the impact of emissions from a particular source in air quality. These models allow considering different factors that influence in air pollution: source characteristics, the topography of the receiving environment and weather conditions to predict the pollutants concentration. The PCDD/Fs, after its emission into the atmosphere, are deposited on water or land, near or far from emission source depending on the size of the associated particles and climatology. In this way, they are transferred and mobilized through environmental compartments. The modelling of PCDD/Fs was carried out with following tools: Atmospheric Dispersion Model Software (ADMS) and Surfer. ADMS is a dispersion model Gaussian plume, used to model the impact of air quality industrial facilities. And Surfer is a program of surfaces which is used to represent the dispersion of pollutants on a map. For the modelling of emissions, ADMS software requires the following input parameters: characterization of emission sources (source type, height, diameter, the temperature of the release, flow rate, etc.) meteorological and topographical data (coordinate system), mainly. The study area was set at 5 Km around the incinerator and the first population center nearest to focus PCDD/Fs emission is about 2.5 Km, approximately. Data were collected during one year (2013) both PCDD/Fs emissions of the incinerator as meteorology in the study area. The study has been carried out during period's average that legislation establishes, that is to say, the output parameters are taking into account the current legislation. Once all data required by software ADMS, described previously, are entered, and in order to make the representation of the spatial distribution of PCDD/Fs concentration and the areas affecting them, the modelling was proceeded. In general, the dispersion plume is in the direction of the predominant winds (Southwest and Northeast). Total levels of PCDD/Fs usually found in air samples, are from <2 pg/m3 for remote rural areas, from 2-15 pg/m3 in urban areas and from 15-200 pg/m3 for areas near to important sources, as can be an incinerator. The results of dispersion maps show that maximum concentrations are the order of 10-8 ng/m3, well below the values considered for areas close to an incinerator, as in this case. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atmospheric%20dispersion" title="atmospheric dispersion">atmospheric dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dioxin" title=" dioxin"> dioxin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furan" title=" furan"> furan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incinerator" title=" incinerator"> incinerator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56836/study-of-polychlorinated-dibenzo-p-dioxins-and-dibenzofurans-dispersion-in-the-environment-of-a-municipal-solid-waste-incinerator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56836.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">216</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9049</span> Assessment of Air Pollutant Dispersion and Soil Contamination: The Critical Role of MATLAB Modeling in Evaluating Emissions from the Covanta Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Facility</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jadon%20Matthiasa">Jadon Matthiasa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cindy%20Donga"> Cindy Donga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Al%20Jibouria"> Ali Al Jibouria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsin%20Kuo"> Hsin Kuo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The environmental impact of emissions from the Covanta Waste-to-Energy facility in Burnaby, BC, was comprehensively evaluated, focusing on the dispersion of air pollutants and the subsequent assessment of heavy metal contamination in surrounding soils. A Gaussian Plume Model, implemented in MATLAB, was utilized to simulate the dispersion of key pollutants to understand their atmospheric behaviour and potential deposition patterns. The MATLAB code developed for this study enhanced the accuracy of pollutant concentration predictions and provided capabilities for visualizing pollutant dispersion in 3D plots. Furthermore, the code could predict the maximum concentration of pollutants at ground level, eliminating the need to use the Ranchoux model for predictions. Complementing the modelling approach, empirical soil sampling and analysis were conducted to evaluate heavy metal concentrations in the vicinity of the facility. This integrated methodology underscored the importance of computational modelling in air pollution assessment and highlighted the necessity of soil analysis to obtain a holistic understanding of environmental impacts. The findings emphasized the effectiveness of current emissions controls while advocating for ongoing monitoring to safeguard public health and environmental integrity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20emissions" title="air emissions">air emissions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaussian%20Plume%20Model" title=" Gaussian Plume Model"> Gaussian Plume Model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MATLAB" title=" MATLAB"> MATLAB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20contamination" title=" soil contamination"> soil contamination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20pollution%20monitoring" title=" air pollution monitoring"> air pollution monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste-to-energy" title=" waste-to-energy"> waste-to-energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollutant%20dispersion%20visualization" title=" pollutant dispersion visualization"> pollutant dispersion visualization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal%20analysis" title=" heavy metal analysis"> heavy metal analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20impact%20assessment" title=" environmental impact assessment"> environmental impact assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emission%20control%20effectiveness" title=" emission control effectiveness"> emission control effectiveness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192268/assessment-of-air-pollutant-dispersion-and-soil-contamination-the-critical-role-of-matlab-modeling-in-evaluating-emissions-from-the-covanta-municipal-solid-waste-incineration-facility" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192268.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">16</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20dispersion%20technique&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20dispersion%20technique&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20dispersion%20technique&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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