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foundation of landscape ecology. The spatial resolution (pixel size) of remotely sensed land cover products has improved since the introduction of landscape ecology in the United States. Because patterns depend on spatial resolution, emerging improvements in the spatial resolution of land cover may lead to new insights about the scaling of landscape patterns. Objective We compared forest fragmentation measures derived from very high resolution (1 m 2) data with the same measures derived from the commonly used (30 m 9-30 m; 900 m 2) Landsat-based data. Methods We applied area-density scaling to binary (forest; non-forest) maps for both sources to derive source-specific estimates of dominant (density C 60%), interior (C 90%), and intact (100%) forest. Results Switching from low-to high-resolution data produced statistical and geographic shifts in forest spatial patterns. Forest and non-forest features that were ''invisible'' at low resolution but identifiable at high resolution resulted in higher estimates of dominant and interior forest but lower estimates of intact forest from the high-resolution source. Overall, the high-resolution data detected more forest that was more contagiously distributed even at larger spatial scales. Conclusion We anticipate that improvements in the spatial resolution of remotely sensed land cover products will advance landscape ecology through reinterpretations of patterns and scaling, by fostering new landscape pattern measurements, and by testing new spatial pattern-ecological process hypotheses.","publication_name":"Landscape Ecology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"78979407"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Influence of high-resolution data on the assessment of forest fragmentation","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [103482588]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 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data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/68540288/Influence_of_high_resolution_data_on_the_assessment_of_forest_fragmentation" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="9391138" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9391138/Forest_Fragmentation_of_the_Conterminous_United_States_Assessing_Forest_Intactness_through_Road_Density_and_Spatial_Characteristics">Forest Fragmentation of the Conterminous United States: Assessing Forest Intactness through Road Density and Spatial Characteristics</a><div 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class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/9391138/Forest_Fragmentation_of_the_Conterminous_United_States_Assessing_Forest_Intactness_through_Road_Density_and_Spatial_Characteristics"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="3389602" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3389602/Forest_fragmentation_in_Loudoun_County_Virginia_USA_evaluated_with_multitemporal_Landsat_imagery">Forest fragmentation in Loudoun County, Virginia, USA evaluated with multitemporal Landsat imagery</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3945175" href="https://miami.academia.edu/DouglasFuller">Douglas Fuller</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Landscape Ecology, 2001</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">In order to study forest fragmentation in the Virginia, USA Piedmont, a series of Landsat images from 1973, 1987, and 1999 covering a rapidly developing area (Loudoun County) was used to classify forest from non-forest. The classified images were analyzed using a geographic information system (GIS) to determine the spatial and temporal patterns of fragmentation, and to relate these patterns to infrared radiance provided by Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) band 6. The analysis was concentrated on eleven major watersheds of Loudoun County. The relationship between urbanized area per watershed and mean fragment size showed a strong negative decay form (r 2=0.757, p<0.0001). Analysis of four landscape metrics showed increasing fragmentation of forest cover, particularly from 1987 to 1999, as well as an increase in forest edge and shape complexity. Of the landscape metrics used, the perimeter-to-area (P/A) ratio showed the strongest relationship with mean radiance of forest patches. In addition, there was a negative, linear relationship between distance from major roads and band 6 radiance of forested pixels. 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href="https://www.academia.edu/3389602/Forest_fragmentation_in_Loudoun_County_Virginia_USA_evaluated_with_multitemporal_Landsat_imagery"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="22632865" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22632865/Temporal_change_in_forest_fragmentation_at_multiple_scales">Temporal change in forest fragmentation at multiple scales</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="44209482" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JamesWickham">James J Wickham</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Landscape Ecology, 2007</p><div 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Such maps are useful in understanding wildlife populations and habitat, forest biodiversity, and forest productivity. They may be important in ecological monitoring programs at multiple spatial and temporal scales, and could include assessment of structural aspects of the landscape, such as forest or habitat fragmentation. Quantification and measurement of landscape structure depend on the definition of landscape classes or patches, defined on the basis of more or less homogeneous elements, which differ in some measurable way from neighbouring patches. In this paper, we review some of the issues, and provide examples using satellite remote sensing data, in the quantification of landscape structure in two Canadian forests. The link between landscape structure and biodiversity is provided through the emergence of...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Quantification of landscape change from satellite remote sensing","attachmentId":96643525,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/94086718/Quantification_of_landscape_change_from_satellite_remote_sensing","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/94086718/Quantification_of_landscape_change_from_satellite_remote_sensing"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="16943003" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16943003/Quantifying_scaling_effects_on_satellite_derived_forest_area_estimates_for_the_conterminous_USA">Quantifying scaling effects on satellite‐derived forest area estimates for the conterminous USA</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="36444189" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarkDucey">Mark Ducey</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Remote Sensing, 2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Quantifying scaling effects on satellite‐derived forest area estimates for the conterminous USA","attachmentId":39269380,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/16943003/Quantifying_scaling_effects_on_satellite_derived_forest_area_estimates_for_the_conterminous_USA","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/16943003/Quantifying_scaling_effects_on_satellite_derived_forest_area_estimates_for_the_conterminous_USA"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="3718575" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3718575/National_assessments_of_forest_fragmentation_in_the_US">National assessments of forest fragmentation in the US</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1373104" href="https://sc.academia.edu/JohnKupfer">John Kupfer</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Global Environmental Change-human and Policy Dimensions, 2006</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Because of the linkages among ecological pattern, function and process, policy makers and land managers have increasingly sought measures of landscape pattern that may be used to quantify and monitor changes in forest cover associated with forest fragmentation at national or multinational scales. In this paper, I provide a brief overview of the processes and initiatives driving interest in national assessments of forest fragmentation (e.g., the Montréal Process) and review the results of recent assessments of landscape pattern (and by proxy, fragmentation) conducted at the US national level. Despite widespread recognition that spatial pattern and continuity of forests is important for biodiversity conservation, many international processes and conventions as well as most national forest assessments still focus solely on the extent of forest loss without concern for its spatial pattern, likely due to greater uncertainty over the ecological effects of fragmentation, questions associated with indicator selection, the ill-defined nature of “fragmentation” as an indicator, and confusion over scale and data issues. I thus conclude with a discussion of how experiences gained from recent US assessments may provide insights useful for addressing most or all of these issues when conducting similar assessments in other countries or globally.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"National assessments of forest fragmentation in the US","attachmentId":50163382,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/3718575/National_assessments_of_forest_fragmentation_in_the_US","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/3718575/National_assessments_of_forest_fragmentation_in_the_US"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="16563490" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16563490/Impact_of_scale_on_morphological_spatial_pattern_of_forest">Impact of scale on morphological spatial pattern of forest</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35860893" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CEstreguil">C. Estreguil</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Landscape Ecology, 2008</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Impact of scale on morphological spatial pattern of forest","attachmentId":42436921,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/16563490/Impact_of_scale_on_morphological_spatial_pattern_of_forest","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/16563490/Impact_of_scale_on_morphological_spatial_pattern_of_forest"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":78979407,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":78979407,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_78979407" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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data-author-id="37251810" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HongHe4">Hong He</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Environmental Management, 2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Integration of Satellite Imagery and Forest Inventory in Mapping Dominant and Associated Species at a Regional Scale","attachmentId":39539754,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17491891/Integration_of_Satellite_Imagery_and_Forest_Inventory_in_Mapping_Dominant_and_Associated_Species_at_a_Regional_Scale","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" 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data-author-id="38991780" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JonathanSmith79">Jonathan Smith</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Ecosystems, 2002</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Fragmentation of Continental United States Forests","attachmentId":40350606,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18956381/Fragmentation_of_Continental_United_States_Forests","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/18956381/Fragmentation_of_Continental_United_States_Forests"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span 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