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Yugoslavia Archives - Committee to Protect Journalists
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href="https://cpj.org/africa/democratic-republic-of-the-congo/" id="menu-link-18">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98908" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98908"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/djibouti/" id="menu-link-19">Djibouti</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98909" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98909"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/equatorial-guinea/" id="menu-link-20">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98910" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98910"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/eritrea/" id="menu-link-21">Eritrea</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98937" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98937"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/eswatini/" id="menu-link-22">Eswatini</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98911" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98911"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/ethiopia/" id="menu-link-23">Ethiopia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98912" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98912"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/gabon/" id="menu-link-24">Gabon</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98913" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98913"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/gambia/" id="menu-link-25">Gambia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98914" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98914"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/ghana/" id="menu-link-26">Ghana</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98915" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98915"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/guinea/" id="menu-link-27">Guinea</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98916" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98916"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/guinea-bissau/" id="menu-link-28">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98917" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98917"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/ivory-coast/" id="menu-link-29">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98918" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98918"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/kenya/" id="menu-link-30">Kenya</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98919" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98919"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/lesotho/" id="menu-link-31">Lesotho</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98920" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98920"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/liberia/" id="menu-link-32">Liberia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98921" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98921"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/madagascar/" id="menu-link-33">Madagascar</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98922" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98922"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/malawi/" id="menu-link-34">Malawi</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98923" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98923"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/mali/" id="menu-link-35">Mali</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98924" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98924"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/mauritius/" id="menu-link-36">Mauritius</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98925" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98925"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/mozambique/" id="menu-link-37">Mozambique</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98926" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98926"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/namibia/" id="menu-link-38">Namibia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98927" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98927"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/niger/" id="menu-link-39">Niger</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98928" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98928"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/nigeria/" id="menu-link-40">Nigeria</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98929" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98929"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/republic-of-congo/" id="menu-link-41">Republic of Congo</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98930" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98930"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/rwanda/" id="menu-link-42">Rwanda</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98931" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98931"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/senegal/" id="menu-link-43">Senegal</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98932" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98932"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/seychelles/" id="menu-link-44">Seychelles</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98933" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98933"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/sierra-leone/" id="menu-link-45">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98934" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98934"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/somalia/" id="menu-link-46">Somalia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98935" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98935"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/south-africa/" id="menu-link-47">South Africa</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98936" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98936"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/south-sudan/" id="menu-link-48">South Sudan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98938" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98938"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/tanzania/" id="menu-link-49">Tanzania</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98939" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98939"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/togo/" id="menu-link-50">Togo</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98940" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98940"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/uganda/" id="menu-link-51">Uganda</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98941" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98941"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/zambia/" id="menu-link-52">Zambia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98942" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98942"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/zimbabwe/" id="menu-link-53">Zimbabwe</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98943" class="menu-parent-link menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98943"><a href="https://cpj.org/africa/" id="menu-link-54">All Africa</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-98944" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98944"><a id="menu-link-55" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Americas</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-98945" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98945"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/antigua-and-barbuda/" id="menu-link-56">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98946" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98946"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/argentina/" id="menu-link-57">Argentina</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98947" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98947"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/bahamas/" id="menu-link-58">Bahamas</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98948" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98948"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/barbados/" id="menu-link-59">Barbados</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98949" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98949"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/belize/" id="menu-link-60">Belize</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98950" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98950"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/bolivia/" id="menu-link-61">Bolivia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98951" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98951"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/brazil/" id="menu-link-62">Brazil</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98952" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98952"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/canada/" id="menu-link-63">Canada</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98953" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98953"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/chile/" id="menu-link-64">Chile</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98955" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98955"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/colombia/" id="menu-link-65">Colombia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98956" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98956"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/costa-rica/" id="menu-link-66">Costa Rica</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98957" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98957"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/cuba/" id="menu-link-67">Cuba</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98958" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98958"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/dominican-republic/" id="menu-link-68">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98959" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98959"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/ecuador/" id="menu-link-69">Ecuador</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98960" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98960"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/el-salvador/" id="menu-link-70">El Salvador</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98961" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98961"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/guatemala/" id="menu-link-71">Guatemala</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98962" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98962"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/guyana/" id="menu-link-72">Guyana</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98963" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98963"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/haiti/" id="menu-link-73">Haiti</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98964" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98964"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/honduras/" id="menu-link-74">Honduras</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98965" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98965"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/jamaica/" id="menu-link-75">Jamaica</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98966" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98966"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/mexico/" id="menu-link-76">Mexico</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98967" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98967"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/nicaragua/" id="menu-link-77">Nicaragua</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98968" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98968"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/panama/" id="menu-link-78">Panama</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98969" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98969"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/paraguay/" id="menu-link-79">Paraguay</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98970" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98970"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/peru/" id="menu-link-80">Peru</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98971" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98971"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/st-vincent-and-the-grenadines/" id="menu-link-81">St. Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li id="menu-item-193107" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-193107"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/suriname/" id="menu-link-82">Suriname</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98972" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98972"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/trinidad-and-tobago/" id="menu-link-83">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98973" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98973"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/uruguay/" id="menu-link-84">Uruguay</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98974" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98974"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/usa/" id="menu-link-85">USA</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98975" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98975"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/venezuela/" id="menu-link-86">Venezuela</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98976" class="menu-parent-link menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98976"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/" id="menu-link-87">All Americas</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-98977" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98977"><a id="menu-link-88" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Asia</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-98978" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98978"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/afghanistan/" id="menu-link-89">Afghanistan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98979" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98979"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/australia/" id="menu-link-90">Australia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98980" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98980"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/bangladesh/" id="menu-link-91">Bangladesh</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98981" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98981"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/brunei/" id="menu-link-92">Brunei</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98982" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98982"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/cambodia/" id="menu-link-93">Cambodia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98983" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98983"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/china/" id="menu-link-94">China</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98984" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98984"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/east-timor/" id="menu-link-95">East Timor</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98985" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98985"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/fiji/" id="menu-link-96">Fiji</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98986" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98986"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/french-polynesia/" id="menu-link-97">French Polynesia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98987" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98987"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/india/" id="menu-link-98">India</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98988" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98988"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/indonesia/" id="menu-link-99">Indonesia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98989" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98989"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/japan/" id="menu-link-100">Japan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98990" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98990"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/laos/" id="menu-link-101">Laos</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98991" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98991"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/malaysia/" id="menu-link-102">Malaysia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98992" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98992"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/maldives/" id="menu-link-103">Maldives</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98993" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98993"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/mongolia/" id="menu-link-104">Mongolia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98994" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98994"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/myanmar/" id="menu-link-105">Myanmar</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98995" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98995"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/nauru/" id="menu-link-106">Nauru</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98996" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98996"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/nepal/" id="menu-link-107">Nepal</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98997" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98997"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/new-zealand/" id="menu-link-108">New Zealand</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98998" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98998"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/north-korea/" id="menu-link-109">North Korea</a></li> <li id="menu-item-98999" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98999"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/pakistan/" id="menu-link-110">Pakistan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99000" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99000"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/papua-new-guinea/" id="menu-link-111">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99001" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99001"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/philippines/" id="menu-link-112">Philippines</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99002" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99002"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/singapore/" id="menu-link-113">Singapore</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99003" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99003"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/solomon-islands/" id="menu-link-114">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99004" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99004"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/south-korea/" id="menu-link-115">South Korea</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99005" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99005"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/sri-lanka/" id="menu-link-116">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99006" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99006"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/taiwan/" id="menu-link-117">Taiwan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99007" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99007"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/thailand/" id="menu-link-118">Thailand</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99008" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99008"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/tonga/" id="menu-link-119">Tonga</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99009" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99009"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/vietnam/" id="menu-link-120">Vietnam</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99010" class="menu-parent-link menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99010"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/" id="menu-link-121">All Asia</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-99011" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent menu-item-has-children menu-item-99011"><a id="menu-link-122" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Europe & Central Asia</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-99012" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99012"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/albania/" id="menu-link-123">Albania</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99013" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99013"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/armenia/" id="menu-link-124">Armenia</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99014" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99014"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/austria/" id="menu-link-125">Austria</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99015" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99015"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/azerbaijan/" id="menu-link-126">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99016" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99016"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/belarus/" id="menu-link-127">Belarus</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99017" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99017"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/belgium/" id="menu-link-128">Belgium</a></li> <li id="menu-item-99018" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99018"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/bosnia/" 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href="https://cpj.org/americas/paraguay/" id="menu-link-302">Paraguay</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98970"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/peru/" id="menu-link-303">Peru</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98971"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/st-vincent-and-the-grenadines/" id="menu-link-304">St. Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-193107"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/suriname/" id="menu-link-305">Suriname</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98972"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/trinidad-and-tobago/" id="menu-link-306">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98973"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/uruguay/" id="menu-link-307">Uruguay</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98974"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/usa/" id="menu-link-308">USA</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98975"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/venezuela/" id="menu-link-309">Venezuela</a></li> <li class="menu-parent-link menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98976"><a href="https://cpj.org/americas/" id="menu-link-310">All Americas</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98977"><a id="menu-link-311" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Asia</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98978"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/afghanistan/" id="menu-link-312">Afghanistan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98979"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/australia/" id="menu-link-313">Australia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98980"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/bangladesh/" id="menu-link-314">Bangladesh</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98981"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/brunei/" id="menu-link-315">Brunei</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98982"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/cambodia/" id="menu-link-316">Cambodia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98983"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/china/" id="menu-link-317">China</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98984"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/east-timor/" id="menu-link-318">East Timor</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98985"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/fiji/" id="menu-link-319">Fiji</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98986"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/french-polynesia/" id="menu-link-320">French Polynesia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98987"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/india/" id="menu-link-321">India</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98988"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/indonesia/" id="menu-link-322">Indonesia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98989"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/japan/" id="menu-link-323">Japan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98990"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/laos/" id="menu-link-324">Laos</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98991"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/malaysia/" id="menu-link-325">Malaysia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98992"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/maldives/" id="menu-link-326">Maldives</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98993"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/mongolia/" id="menu-link-327">Mongolia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98994"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/myanmar/" id="menu-link-328">Myanmar</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98995"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/nauru/" id="menu-link-329">Nauru</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98996"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/nepal/" id="menu-link-330">Nepal</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98997"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/new-zealand/" id="menu-link-331">New Zealand</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98998"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/north-korea/" id="menu-link-332">North Korea</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-98999"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/pakistan/" id="menu-link-333">Pakistan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99000"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/papua-new-guinea/" id="menu-link-334">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99001"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/philippines/" id="menu-link-335">Philippines</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99002"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/singapore/" id="menu-link-336">Singapore</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99003"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/solomon-islands/" id="menu-link-337">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99004"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/south-korea/" id="menu-link-338">South Korea</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99005"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/sri-lanka/" id="menu-link-339">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99006"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/taiwan/" id="menu-link-340">Taiwan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99007"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/thailand/" id="menu-link-341">Thailand</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99008"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/tonga/" id="menu-link-342">Tonga</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99009"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/vietnam/" id="menu-link-343">Vietnam</a></li> <li class="menu-parent-link menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99010"><a href="https://cpj.org/asia/" id="menu-link-344">All Asia</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent menu-item-has-children menu-item-99011"><a id="menu-link-345" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom current-menu-ancestor current-menu-parent menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Europe & Central Asia</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99012"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/albania/" id="menu-link-346">Albania</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99013"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/armenia/" id="menu-link-347">Armenia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99014"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/austria/" id="menu-link-348">Austria</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99015"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/azerbaijan/" id="menu-link-349">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99016"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/belarus/" id="menu-link-350">Belarus</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99017"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/belgium/" id="menu-link-351">Belgium</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99018"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/bosnia/" id="menu-link-352">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99019"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/bulgaria/" id="menu-link-353">Bulgaria</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99020"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/chechnya/" id="menu-link-354">Chechnya</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99021"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/croatia/" id="menu-link-355">Croatia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99022"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/cyprus/" id="menu-link-356">Cyprus</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99023"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/czech-republic/" id="menu-link-357">Czech Republic</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99024"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/denmark/" id="menu-link-358">Denmark</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99025"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/finland/" id="menu-link-359">Finland</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99026"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/france/" id="menu-link-360">France</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99027"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/georgia/" id="menu-link-361">Georgia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99028"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/germany/" id="menu-link-362">Germany</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99029"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/greece/" id="menu-link-363">Greece</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99030"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/hungary/" id="menu-link-364">Hungary</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99031"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/ireland/" id="menu-link-365">Ireland</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99032"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/italy/" id="menu-link-366">Italy</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99033"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/kazakhstan/" id="menu-link-367">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99034"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/kosovo/" id="menu-link-368">Kosovo</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99035"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/kyrgyzstan/" id="menu-link-369">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99036"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/latvia/" id="menu-link-370">Latvia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99037"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/lithuania/" id="menu-link-371">Lithuania</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99038"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/luxembourg/" id="menu-link-372">Luxembourg</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99039"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/macedonia/" id="menu-link-373">Macedonia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99040"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/malta/" id="menu-link-374">Malta</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99041"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/moldova/" id="menu-link-375">Moldova</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99042"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/montenegro/" id="menu-link-376">Montenegro</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99043"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/netherlands/" id="menu-link-377">Netherlands</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99044"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/north-macedonia/" id="menu-link-378">North Macedonia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99045"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/norway/" id="menu-link-379">Norway</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99046"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/poland/" id="menu-link-380">Poland</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99047"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/portugal/" id="menu-link-381">Portugal</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99048"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/romania/" id="menu-link-382">Romania</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99049"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/russia/" id="menu-link-383">Russia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99050"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/serbia/" id="menu-link-384">Serbia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99051"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/slovakia/" id="menu-link-385">Slovakia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99052"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/slovenia/" id="menu-link-386">Slovenia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99053"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/south-ossetia/" id="menu-link-387">South Ossetia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99054"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/spain/" id="menu-link-388">Spain</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99055"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/sweden/" id="menu-link-389">Sweden</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99056"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/switzerland/" id="menu-link-390">Switzerland</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99057"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/tajikistan/" id="menu-link-391">Tajikistan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99058"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/turkey/" id="menu-link-392">Turkey</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99059"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/turkmenistan/" id="menu-link-393">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99060"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/uk/" id="menu-link-394">UK</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99061"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/ukraine/" id="menu-link-395">Ukraine</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99062"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/uzbekistan/" id="menu-link-396">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99063"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/vatican-city/" id="menu-link-397">Vatican City</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location current-menu-item menu-item-99064"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/" aria-current="page" id="menu-link-398">Yugoslavia</a></li> <li class="menu-parent-link menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location current-location-ancestor current-location-parent menu-item-99065"><a href="https://cpj.org/europe/" id="menu-link-399">All Europe & Central Asia</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-99066"><a id="menu-link-400" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Middle East & North Africa</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99067"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/algeria/" id="menu-link-401">Algeria</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99068"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/bahrain/" id="menu-link-402">Bahrain</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99070"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/egypt/" id="menu-link-403">Egypt</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99071"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/iran/" id="menu-link-404">Iran</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99072"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/iraq/" id="menu-link-405">Iraq</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99073"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/israel-and-the-occupied-palestinian-territory/" id="menu-link-406">Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territory</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99074"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/jordan/" id="menu-link-407">Jordan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99075"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/kuwait/" id="menu-link-408">Kuwait</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99076"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/lebanon/" id="menu-link-409">Lebanon</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99077"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/libya/" id="menu-link-410">Libya</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99078"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/mauritania/" id="menu-link-411">Mauritania</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99079"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/morocco/" id="menu-link-412">Morocco</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99080"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/oman/" id="menu-link-413">Oman</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99081"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/qatar/" id="menu-link-414">Qatar</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99082"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/saudi-arabia/" id="menu-link-415">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99083"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/sudan/" id="menu-link-416">Sudan</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99084"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/syria/" id="menu-link-417">Syria</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99085"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/tunisia/" id="menu-link-418">Tunisia</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99086"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/uae/" id="menu-link-419">UAE</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99087"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/yemen/" id="menu-link-420">Yemen</a></li> <li class="menu-parent-link menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-location menu-item-99088"><a href="https://cpj.org/mideast/" id="menu-link-421">All Middle East & North Africa</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98869"><a id="menu-link-422" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Data</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-98870"><a id="menu-link-423" class=" menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Journalists Killed</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-98871"><a href="/data/killed/" id="menu-link-424">Killed in 2025</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom 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documents by Year: </label> <select id="year-nav" onchange="document.location.href=this.options[this.selectedIndex].value;" tabindex="-1" class="form-control btn-full" size="1"> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/2023/'> 2023 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/2007/'> 2007 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/2006/'> 2006 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/2005/'> 2005 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/2004/'> 2004 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/2003/'> 2003 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/2002/'> 2002 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/2001/'> 2001 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/2000/'> 2000 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/1999/'> 1999 </option> </select> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row cpj--inline-cols"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div id="327593" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview "> <div class="cpj--module--header"> <a href="https://cpj.org/features-and-analysis/" id="cpj--module--category--entryid327593" class="btn btn-primary cpj--module--category btn-lg">Features & Analysis</a> </div> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2023/10/faces-of-impunity-across-the-world/" class="cpj--module--link" title="Faces of impunity across the world"></a> <h3>Faces of impunity across the world</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2023-10-31T09:50:00-04:00">October 31, 2023 9:50 AM EDT</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>CPJ’s 2023 Global Impunity Index lists the top 12 countries where the murderers of journalists go free. But impunity knows no borders. The mosaic below shows the faces of slain journalists around the world. Beneath each journalist’s photo is the location of their death. Click the images for more details about these unsolved cases. (Photo grid by Geoff McGhee)</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2023/10/faces-of-impunity-across-the-world/">Read More ›</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div id="7153" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview "> <div class="cpj--module--header"> <a href="https://cpj.org/attacks/" id="cpj--module--category--entryid7153" class="btn btn-primary cpj--module--category btn-lg">Attacks On The Press</a> </div> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2007/02/attacks-on-the-press-2006-snapshotsattacks-develop-4/" class="cpj--module--link" title="Attacks on the Press 2006: Europe Snapshots"></a> <h3>Attacks on the Press 2006: Europe Snapshots</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2007-02-05T11:33:58-05:00">February 5, 2007 11:33 AM EST</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>Attacks & Developments Throughout the Region</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2007/02/attacks-on-the-press-2006-snapshotsattacks-develop-4/">Read More ›</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div id="7070" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview "> <div class="cpj--module--header"> <a href="https://cpj.org/attacks/" id="cpj--module--category--entryid7070" class="btn btn-primary cpj--module--category btn-lg">Attacks On The Press</a> </div> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2007/02/attacks-on-the-press-2007-snapshotsattacks-develop-7/" class="cpj--module--link" title="Attacks on the Press 2006: Europe and Central Asia Snapshots"></a> <h3>Attacks on the Press 2006: Europe and Central Asia Snapshots</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2007-02-05T10:08:00-05:00">February 5, 2007 10:08 AM EST</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>Armenia Germany/Poland Poland Bosnia Italy Portugal Bulgaria Lithuania Romania Croatia Macedonia Serbia Cyprus Moldova Switzerland Denmark Netherlands ARMENIA • On May 25, authorities denied independent television station A1+ a broadcasting license for the 12th time. According to press reports, the National Commission on Television and Radio justified the rejection by saying that competitors submitted stronger…</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2007/02/attacks-on-the-press-2007-snapshotsattacks-develop-7/">Read More ›</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div id="9956" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview "> <div class="cpj--module--header"> </div> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2006/07/update-7-14-06/" class="cpj--module--link" title="CPJ Update"></a> <h3>CPJ Update</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2006-07-14T00:00:00-04:00">July 14, 2006 12:00 AM EDT</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>CPJ Update July 14, 2006 News from the Committee to Protect Journalists Return to front page | See previous Updates</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2006/07/update-7-14-06/">Read More ›</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div id="7343" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview "> <div class="cpj--module--header"> <a href="https://cpj.org/attacks/" id="cpj--module--category--entryid7343" class="btn btn-primary cpj--module--category btn-lg">Attacks On The Press</a> </div> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2005/03/attacks-on-the-press-2004-preface/" class="cpj--module--link" title="Attacks on the Press in 2004: Preface by Tom Brokaw"></a> <h3>Attacks on the Press in 2004: Preface by Tom Brokaw</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2005-03-14T11:59:00-05:00">March 14, 2005 11:59 AM EST</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>Remember 1989? The collapse of the Soviet Union and the rise of democracy and democratic institutions in the old Communist bloc, including Mother Russia, inspired a new generation of journalists in places where a free press had been a state crime. Other journalists in other places, such as Central and South America, Southeast Asia, and…</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2005/03/attacks-on-the-press-2004-preface/">Read More ›</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div id="7326" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview "> <div class="cpj--module--header"> <a href="https://cpj.org/attacks/" id="cpj--module--category--entryid7326" class="btn btn-primary cpj--module--category btn-lg">Attacks On The Press</a> </div> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2005/03/attacks-on-the-press-2004-overview-4/" class="cpj--module--link" title="Attacks on the Press 2004: Europe and Central Asia Analysis"></a> <h3>Attacks on the Press 2004: Europe and Central Asia Analysis</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2005-03-14T11:54:00-05:00">March 14, 2005 11:54 AM EST</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>Overview by Alex Lupis Authoriatarian rulers strengthened their hold on power in many former Soviet republics in 2004. Their secretive, centralized governments aggressively suppressed all forms of independent activity, from journalism and human rights monitoring to religious activism and political opposition.</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2005/03/attacks-on-the-press-2004-overview-4/">Read More ›</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div id="889" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview "> <div class="cpj--module--header"> </div> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2004/12/the-toll-1995-2004/" class="cpj--module--link" title="Journalists Killed in the Last Ten Years"></a> <h3>Journalists Killed in the Last Ten Years</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2004-12-31T15:42:30-05:00">December 31, 2004 3:42 PM EST</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>The Toll: 1995-2004 Each year in January, the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) publishes a list of journalists killed in the line of duty around the world. This list has become the most widely cited press freedom statistic and is often seen as a barometer of the state of global press freedom. While the correlation…</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2004/12/the-toll-1995-2004/">Read More ›</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div id="10091" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview "> <div class="cpj--module--header"> </div> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2004/12/murder-by-mediawhy-the-rwandan-genocide-tribunal-w/" class="cpj--module--link" title="Murder by MediaWhy the Rwandan genocide tribunal went too far."></a> <h3>Murder by MediaWhy the Rwandan genocide tribunal went too far.</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2004-12-13T17:42:31-05:00">December 13, 2004 5:42 PM EST</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>Murder by MediaWhy the Rwandan genocide tribunal went too far. By Joel Simon Slate</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2004/12/murder-by-mediawhy-the-rwandan-genocide-tribunal-w/">Read More ›</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div id="8876" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview "> <div class="cpj--module--header"> <a href="https://cpj.org/reports/" id="cpj--module--category--entryid8876" class="btn btn-primary cpj--module--category btn-lg">Reports</a> </div> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/reports/2004/05/the-press-and-the-war-on-terrorism/" class="cpj--module--link" title="The Press and the War on Terrorism: New Dangers and New Restrictions"></a> <h3>The Press and the War on Terrorism: New Dangers and New Restrictions</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2004-05-05T00:00:00-04:00">May 5, 2004 12:00 AM EDT</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>Edited transcript of remarks, 5/5/04 Carnegie Council Conversation (Merrill House, New York City).</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/reports/2004/05/the-press-and-the-war-on-terrorism/">Read More ›</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div id="7629" class="cpj--module cpj--module--article-preview "> <div class="cpj--module--header"> </div> <div class="cpj--module--content"> <a href="https://cpj.org/2003/03/attacks-on-the-press-2002-the-hague/" class="cpj--module--link" title="Attacks on the Press 2002: The Hague"></a> <h3>Attacks on the Press 2002: The Hague</h3> <p class="cpj--module--content--timestamp"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2003-03-31T12:06:30-05:00">March 31, 2003 12:06 PM EST</time></p> <div class="article--preview"><p>December 11 Jonathan C. Randal, The Washington Post The U.N. International War Crimes Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia in The Hague (ICTY) ruled to limit compelled testimony from war correspondents. The decision, announced at the tribunal’s Appeals Chamber, came in response to the appeal by former Washington Post reporter Jonathan C. Randal, who had been…</p> </div> <p><a href="https://cpj.org/2003/03/attacks-on-the-press-2002-the-hague/">Read More ›</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- /.row --> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div class="archive-navigation"> <a href="https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/page/2/" class="more-category-news" > More documents on Yugoslavia › </a> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-6"> <div class="archive-list "> <span class="form-inline"> <label for="year-nav" class="text-muted"> Yugoslavia documents by Year: </label> <select id="year-nav" onchange="document.location.href=this.options[this.selectedIndex].value;" tabindex="-1" class="form-control btn-full" size="1"> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/2023/'> 2023 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/2007/'> 2007 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/2006/'> 2006 </option> <option value='https://cpj.org/europe/yugoslavia/2005/'> 2005 </option> <option 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