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<div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Epsilon_Eridani_b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Epsilon_Eridani_b.jpg/220px-Epsilon_Eridani_b.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Epsilon_Eridani_b.jpg/330px-Epsilon_Eridani_b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Epsilon_Eridani_b.jpg/440px-Epsilon_Eridani_b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Artist's impression of a planet in a far-off system</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Exoplanet" title="Exoplanet">Planets outside</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a> have appeared in fiction since at least the 1850s, long before the first real ones were discovered in the 1990s. Most of these fictional planets do not differ significantly from the <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a>, and serve only as <a href="/wiki/Setting_(narrative)" title="Setting (narrative)">settings</a> for the narrative. The majority host <a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrials_in_fiction" title="Extraterrestrials in fiction">native lifeforms</a>, sometimes with humans integrated into the ecosystems. Fictional planets that are not <a href="/wiki/Earth_analog" title="Earth analog">Earth-like</a> vary in many different ways. They may have significantly stronger or weaker <a href="/wiki/Surface_gravity" title="Surface gravity">gravity on their surfaces</a>, or have a particularly hot or cold climate. Both <a href="/wiki/Desert_planet" title="Desert planet">desert planets</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ocean_planet" class="mw-redirect" title="Ocean planet">ocean planets</a> appear, as do planets with unusual chemical conditions. Various peculiar planetary shapes have been depicted, including <a href="/wiki/Flat_world" class="mw-redirect" title="Flat world">flattened</a>, cubic, and <a href="/wiki/Toroidal_planet" title="Toroidal planet">toroidal</a>. Some fictional planets exist in <a href="/wiki/Multiple-star_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiple-star system">multiple-star systems</a> where the orbital mechanics can lead to exotic day–night or <a href="/wiki/Season" title="Season">seasonal</a> cycles, while others <a href="/wiki/Rogue_planet" title="Rogue planet">do not orbit any star at all</a>. More fancifully, planets are occasionally portrayed as having <a href="/wiki/Sentience" title="Sentience">sentience</a>, though this is less common than stars receiving the same treatment or a planet's lifeforms having a collective consciousness. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_characteristics">General characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extrasolar_planets_in_fiction&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: General characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:475px; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>[S]ince information about extrasolar planets remains limited and incomplete, science fiction writers can freely imagine various sorts of alien worlds where their heroes might experience different sorts of adventures and encounter exotic <a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_life" title="Extraterrestrial life">aliens</a>. Indeed, one activity associated with <a href="/wiki/Hard_science_fiction" title="Hard science fiction">hard science fiction</a> is "<a href="/wiki/World_building" class="mw-redirect" title="World building">world building</a>," meticulously crafting bizarre planets that nonetheless accord with all scientific laws. </p> </blockquote> <p style="padding-bottom: 0;"><cite class="left-aligned" style=""><a href="/wiki/Gary_Westfahl" title="Gary Westfahl">Gary Westfahl</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Science_Fiction_Literature_through_History:_An_Encyclopedia" title="Science Fiction Literature through History: An Encyclopedia">Science Fiction Literature through History: An Encyclopedia</a></i> (2021), "Alien Worlds" entry<sup id="cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestfahlAlienWorlds-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></p> </div> <p>Most extrasolar planets in fiction are similar to <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a>—referred to in the <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek" title="Star Trek">Star Trek</a></i> franchise as <a href="/wiki/Class_M_planet" title="Class M planet">Class M planets</a>—and serve only as <a href="/wiki/Setting_(narrative)" title="Setting (narrative)">settings</a> for the narrative.<sup id="cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestfahlAlienWorlds-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MillerImaginaryExoplanets_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MillerImaginaryExoplanets-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One reason for this, writes <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_L._Gillett&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen L. Gillett (page does not exist)">Stephen L. Gillett</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q66665842#sitelinks-wikipedia" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q66665842"><span title=""Stephen L. Gillett" in other languages">Wikidata</span></a>]</span> in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Greenwood_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction_and_Fantasy" title="The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy">The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy</a></i>, is to enable <a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">satire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GreenwoodAlienWorlds_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GreenwoodAlienWorlds-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, there are also many fictional planets that differ significantly from Earth.<sup id="cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestfahlAlienWorlds-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MillerImaginaryExoplanets_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MillerImaginaryExoplanets-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GreenwoodAlienWorlds_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GreenwoodAlienWorlds-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Earth_analog" title="Earth analog">Earth-like planets</a> have become less common in fiction following the first detection of an <a href="/wiki/Exoplanet" title="Exoplanet">exoplanet</a> around a Sun-like star in 1995,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> reflecting the scarcity of such worlds among the thousands discovered since.<sup id="cite_ref-Cooper2024_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cooper2024-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The majority of extrasolar planets in fiction are inhabited by native species,<sup id="cite_ref-Puranen2024_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Puranen2024-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and humans are variously depicted as being integrated into or remaining apart from such alien ecosystems.<sup id="cite_ref-SFELifeOnOtherWorlds_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFELifeOnOtherWorlds-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some fictional planets are described as orbiting real stars;<sup id="cite_ref-MillerImaginaryExoplanets_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MillerImaginaryExoplanets-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WestfahlStars_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestfahlStars-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a 2024 article in the <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Science_Communication" class="mw-redirect" title="Journal of Science Communication">Journal of Science Communication</a></i> analysed a sample of 142 fictional exoplanets, of which nearly a third fulfilled this criterion, and found "an absence of influence of whether or not the planet setting is in a real star system on other worldbuilding characteristics".<sup id="cite_ref-Puranen2024_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Puranen2024-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exotic_shapes">Exotic shapes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extrasolar_planets_in_fiction&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Exotic shapes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Various exotic planetary shapes appear in fiction.<sup id="cite_ref-StanwayPeculiarPlanets_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayPeculiarPlanets-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Hal_Clement" title="Hal Clement">Hal Clement</a>'s 1953 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Mission_of_Gravity" title="Mission of Gravity">Mission of Gravity</a></i>, the planet <a href="/wiki/Mesklin" title="Mesklin">Mesklin</a>'s rapid rotation causes it to be shaped roughly like a flat disk and gravity is consequently about 200 times weaker at the equator than it is at the poles,<sup id="cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestfahlAlienWorlds-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StanwayPeculiarPlanets_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayPeculiarPlanets-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the moon <a href="/wiki/Jinx_(Known_Space)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jinx (Known Space)">Jinx</a> in <a href="/wiki/Larry_Niven" title="Larry Niven">Larry Niven</a>'s 1975 short story "<a href="/wiki/The_Borderland_of_Sol" title="The Borderland of Sol">The Borderland of Sol</a>" is instead stretched by <a href="/wiki/Tidal_force" title="Tidal force">tidal forces</a> from the planet it orbits rather than flattened, resulting in a <a href="/wiki/Prolate_spheroid" class="mw-redirect" title="Prolate spheroid">prolate spheroid</a> shape where the equator is covered by an atmosphere but the poles rise up above it.<sup id="cite_ref-May2023TidalForces_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-May2023TidalForces-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-VisualEncyclopediaExplorationAndColoniesTowardsTheStars_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VisualEncyclopediaExplorationAndColoniesTowardsTheStars-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another disk-shaped planet is the <a href="/wiki/Discworld_(world)" title="Discworld (world)">Discworld</a> of <a href="/wiki/Terry_Pratchett" title="Terry Pratchett">Terry Pratchett</a>'s 1983–2015 <a href="/wiki/Fantasy" title="Fantasy">fantasy</a> <a href="/wiki/Discworld" title="Discworld">book series of that name</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Flat_world" class="mw-redirect" title="Flat world">flat world</a> which is <a href="/wiki/World_Elephant" title="World Elephant">carried on the backs of elephants</a> that are in turn <a href="/wiki/World_Turtle" title="World Turtle">carried on the back of a turtle</a>, with the arrangement <a href="/wiki/Geocentrism" class="mw-redirect" title="Geocentrism">orbited by the world's sun</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestfahlAlienWorlds-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bizarro_World" title="Bizarro World">Bizarro World</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Superman" title="Superman">Superman</a></i> franchise is a <a href="/wiki/Cube" title="Cube">cubic</a> planet, rendered that shape by the actions of Superman.<sup id="cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestfahlAlienWorlds-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StanwayPeculiarPlanets_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayPeculiarPlanets-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Earth itself gets turned into a cube in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_H._Gross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henry H. Gross (page does not exist)">Henry H. Gross</a>'s 1987 short story "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cubeworld_(short_story)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cubeworld (short story) (page does not exist)">Cubeworld</a>", and an altogether artificial planet-sized cube is the setting of <a href="/wiki/G._David_Nordley" title="G. David Nordley">G. David Nordley</a>'s 2009 novel <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=To_Climb_a_Flat_Mountain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="To Climb a Flat Mountain (page does not exist)">To Climb a Flat Mountain</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-StanwayPeculiarPlanets_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayPeculiarPlanets-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Double_planet" title="Double planet">Double planets</a> close enough together to share an atmosphere through their <a href="/wiki/Roche_lobe" title="Roche lobe">Roche lobes</a> appear in <a href="/wiki/Homer_Eon_Flint" title="Homer Eon Flint">Homer Eon Flint</a>'s 1921 short story "<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Devolutionist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Devolutionist (page does not exist)">The Devolutionist</a>", <a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Forward" title="Robert L. Forward">Robert L. Forward</a>'s 1982 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Rocheworld" title="Rocheworld">Rocheworld</a></i> (<abbr title="also known as">a.k.a.</abbr> <i>The Flight of the Dragonfly</i>), <a href="/wiki/Bob_Shaw" title="Bob Shaw">Bob Shaw</a>'s 1986 novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Ragged_Astronauts" title="The Ragged Astronauts">The Ragged Astronauts</a></i>—which depicts an interplanetary <a href="/wiki/Hot_air_balloon" title="Hot air balloon">hot air balloon</a> expedition—and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Sheffield" title="Charles Sheffield">Charles Sheffield</a>'s 1990 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Summertide" title="Summertide">Summertide</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-GreenwoodAlienWorlds_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GreenwoodAlienWorlds-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StanwayPeculiarPlanets_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayPeculiarPlanets-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StablefordPlanet_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StablefordPlanet-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TheZoneTheCircleCitadels_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheZoneTheCircleCitadels-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A planet in the shape of a <a href="/wiki/Torus" title="Torus">torus</a> is the setting of Flint's 1921 short story "<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Emancipatrix&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Emancipatrix (page does not exist)">The Emancipatrix</a>", being the result of the <a href="/wiki/Protoplanetary_disk" title="Protoplanetary disk">protoplanetary disk</a> condensing so quickly that it did not coalesce into a spherical shape first; an artificial planet-sized torus also appears in <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_P._Boyd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John P. Boyd (page does not exist)">John P. Boyd</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q102276475#sitelinks-wikipedia" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q102276475"><span title=""John P. Boyd" in other languages">Wikidata</span></a>]</span>'s 1981 short story "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Moonbow_(short_story)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moonbow (short story) (page does not exist)">Moonbow</a>", while Niven wrote of a much larger toroidal <a href="/wiki/Megastructure" title="Megastructure">megastructure</a> in space in the 1970 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Ringworld" title="Ringworld">Ringworld</a></i> and a much smaller one in the 1973 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Protector_(novel)" title="Protector (novel)">Protector</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-StanwayPeculiarPlanets_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayPeculiarPlanets-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Arthur_C._Clarke" title="Arthur C. Clarke">Arthur C. Clarke</a>'s 1949 short story "<a href="/wiki/The_Wall_of_Darkness" class="mw-redirect" title="The Wall of Darkness">The Wall of Darkness</a>" is set on a planet bounded by a wall in the shape of an <a href="/wiki/Alice_handle" class="mw-redirect" title="Alice handle">Alice handle</a>, a kind of three-dimensional equivalent of a <a href="/wiki/M%C3%B6bius_strip" title="Möbius strip">Möbius strip</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestfahlAlienWorlds-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_multiple_star_systems">In multiple star systems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extrasolar_planets_in_fiction&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: In multiple star systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Planets_in_binary_star_systems_-_P-_and_S-type.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Planets_in_binary_star_systems_-_P-_and_S-type.svg/220px-Planets_in_binary_star_systems_-_P-_and_S-type.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Planets_in_binary_star_systems_-_P-_and_S-type.svg/330px-Planets_in_binary_star_systems_-_P-_and_S-type.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Planets_in_binary_star_systems_-_P-_and_S-type.svg/440px-Planets_in_binary_star_systems_-_P-_and_S-type.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="220" /></a><figcaption>Schematic diagram of the orbits in a binary star system. One planet is in a P-type, or <a href="/wiki/Circumbinary_planet" title="Circumbinary planet">circumbinary</a>, orbit around both stars. Another planet is in an S-type, or circumstellar, orbit around only one of the two stars. Circumbinary planets are sometimes nicknamed "<a href="/wiki/Tatooine" title="Tatooine">Tatooine</a> worlds" after the <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars</a></i> planet.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Planets in <a href="/wiki/Multiple_star_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiple star system">multiple star systems</a> have attracted attention from science fiction writers, especially in terms of <a href="/wiki/Habitability_of_binary_star_systems" title="Habitability of binary star systems">what kind of life would exist on planets with more than one sun</a> and how <a href="/wiki/Cyclic_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyclic history">history might be cyclical</a> as a result of the "long year" that occurs if the <a href="/wiki/Orbital_period" title="Orbital period">orbital period</a> around one of the stars is very lengthy.<sup id="cite_ref-StablefordPlanet_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StablefordPlanet-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SFEGreatYear_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFEGreatYear-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A particularly early example of this is <a href="/wiki/C._I._Defontenay" title="C. I. Defontenay">C. I. Defontenay</a>'s 1854 novel <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Star_ou_Psi_de_Cassiop%C3%A9e&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Star ou Psi de Cassiopée (page does not exist)">Star ou Psi de Cassiopée</a></i> (English title: <i>Star: Psi Cassiopeia</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-StablefordPlanet_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StablefordPlanet-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> described by <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_editor" class="mw-redirect" title="Science fiction editor">science fiction editor</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Pringle" title="David Pringle">David Pringle</a> as "the first detailed evocation of an alien solar system",<sup id="cite_ref-PringleSFInThe18thCentury_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PringleSFInThe18thCentury-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which depicts various <a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrial_life" title="Extraterrestrial life">alien species</a> inhabiting the planets orbiting the stars.<sup id="cite_ref-StablefordPlanet_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StablefordPlanet-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MarcovitzAliensInPopCulture_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MarcovitzAliensInPopCulture-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SFECIDefontenay_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFECIDefontenay-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AnatomyOfWonderStarPsiCassiopeia_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AnatomyOfWonderStarPsiCassiopeia-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Asimov" title="Isaac Asimov">Isaac Asimov</a>'s 1941 short story "<a href="/wiki/Nightfall_(Asimov_novelette_and_novel)" title="Nightfall (Asimov novelette and novel)">Nightfall</a>" portrays a planet which is in constant daylight from at least one of its six suns for millennia at a time before a single night of true darkness, which is a much-anticipated event,<sup id="cite_ref-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GreenwoodStars_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GreenwoodStars-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the 1963 <i><a href="/wiki/The_Twilight_Zone_(1959_TV_series)" title="The Twilight Zone (1959 TV series)">The Twilight Zone</a></i> episode "<a href="/wiki/On_Thursday_We_Leave_for_Home" title="On Thursday We Leave for Home">On Thursday We Leave for Home</a>" depicts a planet that is challenging for humans to inhabit due to the unending heat and light from a pair of suns,<sup id="cite_ref-BloomWeirdPlanets_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BloomWeirdPlanets-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Mark_Hodder" title="Mark Hodder">Mark Hodder</a>'s 2012 novel <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Red_Sun_Also_Rises&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A Red Sun Also Rises (page does not exist)">A Red Sun Also Rises</a></i> is set on a planet where a dim red sun rises at the same time as the planet's twin white suns set.<sup id="cite_ref-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hal Clement's 1957 novel <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cycle_of_Fire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cycle of Fire (page does not exist)">Cycle of Fire</a></i> depicts a planet in a binary star system where the <a href="/wiki/Season" title="Season">seasons</a> last for decades and different species dominate the hot and cold parts of the year,<sup id="cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestfahlAlienWorlds-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StablefordPlanet_15-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StablefordPlanet-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SFEGreatYear_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFEGreatYear-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Poul_Anderson" title="Poul Anderson">Poul Anderson</a>'s 1974 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Fire_Time" title="Fire Time">Fire Time</a></i> portrays a planet where the majority of the surface becomes uninhabitable approximately once a millennium when it makes a close approach to one of its stars and <a href="/wiki/Mass_migration" title="Mass migration">mass migration</a> of the native lifeforms ensues,<sup id="cite_ref-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Brian_Aldiss" title="Brian Aldiss">Brian Aldiss</a>'s 1982–1985 <i><a href="/wiki/Helliconia" title="Helliconia">Helliconia</a></i> trilogy is set on a planet where the orbital mechanics lead to century-long seasons and there are two distinct <a href="/wiki/Ecosystem" title="Ecosystem">ecosystems</a>—one adapted to the short period around the closer star and another adapted to the long year around the more distant one.<sup id="cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestfahlAlienWorlds-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GreenwoodAlienWorlds_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GreenwoodAlienWorlds-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky_19-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SFEGreatYear_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFEGreatYear-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A similar effect appears in Aldiss's 1977 short story "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Creatures_of_Apogee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Creatures of Apogee (page does not exist)">Creatures of Apogee</a>", albeit here as a result of a highly <a href="/wiki/Orbital_eccentricity" title="Orbital eccentricity">eccentric</a> orbit around a single star where the distance to the star thus varies greatly between the <a href="/wiki/Apsis" title="Apsis">nearest and farthest points in the orbit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-TheZoneTheCircleCitadels_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheZoneTheCircleCitadels-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1985 anthology <i><a href="/wiki/Medea:_Harlan%27s_World" title="Medea: Harlan's World">Medea: Harlan's World</a></i> is a collaborative effort between <a href="/wiki/Harlan_Ellison" title="Harlan Ellison">Harlan Ellison</a> and several other science fiction writers consisting of several stories <a href="/wiki/Shared_world" class="mw-redirect" title="Shared world">set on the same planet</a> in a multiple star system.<sup id="cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestfahlAlienWorlds-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StablefordPlanet_15-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StablefordPlanet-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2002 television series <i><a href="/wiki/Firefly_(TV_series)" title="Firefly (TV series)">Firefly</a></i> is set in a system of five stars each orbited by its own <a href="/wiki/Planetary_system" title="Planetary system">planetary system</a>, all close enough to each other to permit easy travel between the worlds.<sup id="cite_ref-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky_19-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rogue_planets">Rogue planets</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extrasolar_planets_in_fiction&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Rogue planets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Fictional_planets_of_the_Solar_System#Rogue_planets" title="Fictional planets of the Solar System">Fictional planets of the Solar System § Rogue planets</a></div> <p>Planets that do not orbit any star, known as <a href="/wiki/Rogue_planet" title="Rogue planet">rogue planets</a>, appear in several works.<sup id="cite_ref-StablefordPlanet_15-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StablefordPlanet-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StanwayRoguePlanets_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayRoguePlanets-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1977 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Dying_of_the_Light_(Martin_novel)" title="Dying of the Light (Martin novel)">Dying of the Light</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/George_R._R._Martin" title="George R. R. Martin">George R. R. Martin</a>, such a planet becomes a temporary <a href="/wiki/Tourist_destination" class="mw-redirect" title="Tourist destination">tourist destination</a> as it passes by a star before leaving the star's vicinity and becoming uninhabitable again.<sup id="cite_ref-StablefordPlanet_15-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StablefordPlanet-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NicollFarFromAnyStar_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NicollFarFromAnyStar-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hal Clement's 1974 short story "<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Logical_Life&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Logical Life (page does not exist)">The Logical Life</a>" explores what kind of life could exist on a planet without a star,<sup id="cite_ref-NicollFarFromAnyStar_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NicollFarFromAnyStar-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the 2002 <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_Enterprise" title="Star Trek: Enterprise">Star Trek: Enterprise</a></i> episode "<a href="/wiki/Rogue_Planet_(Star_Trek:_Enterprise)" title="Rogue Planet (Star Trek: Enterprise)">Rogue Planet</a>" depicts how the lifeforms on a world of perpetual night might be exploited by outsiders.<sup id="cite_ref-StanwayRoguePlanets_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayRoguePlanets-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Earth is threatened by impact with a rogue planet in the 1933 novel <i><a href="/wiki/When_Worlds_Collide" title="When Worlds Collide">When Worlds Collide</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Balmer" title="Edwin Balmer">Edwin Balmer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philip_Wylie" title="Philip Wylie">Philip Wylie</a> and <a href="/wiki/When_Worlds_Collide_(1951_film)" title="When Worlds Collide (1951 film)">its 1951 film adaptation</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-StanwayRoguePlanets_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayRoguePlanets-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and becomes a rogue planet itself in <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Leiber" title="Fritz Leiber">Fritz Leiber</a>'s 1951 short story "<a href="/wiki/A_Pail_of_Air" title="A Pail of Air">A Pail of Air</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-StanwayRoguePlanets_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayRoguePlanets-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NicollFarFromAnyStar_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NicollFarFromAnyStar-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A rogue planet on a collision course with a star-orbiting planet also appears in <a href="/wiki/Neil_R._Jones" title="Neil R. Jones">Neil R. Jones</a>'s 1934 short story "<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Sunless_World&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Sunless World (page does not exist)">The Sunless World</a>", though here the rogue planet is the inhabited one.<sup id="cite_ref-StablefordPlanet_15-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StablefordPlanet-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Physical_environment">Physical environment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extrasolar_planets_in_fiction&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Physical environment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chlorineplanet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Chlorineplanet.jpg/220px-Chlorineplanet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Chlorineplanet.jpg/330px-Chlorineplanet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Chlorineplanet.jpg/440px-Chlorineplanet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>Artist's impression of a <a href="/wiki/Chlorine_planet" class="mw-redirect" title="Chlorine planet">chlorine planet</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Portraying planets with conditions that differ significantly from Earth's in terms of physical environment has been a recurring practice since the middle of the 1900s.<sup id="cite_ref-GreenwoodAlienWorlds_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GreenwoodAlienWorlds-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of these stories imagine how indigenous lifeforms might be adapted to those conditions, with <a href="/wiki/Hal_Clement" title="Hal Clement">Hal Clement</a> and <a href="/wiki/Poul_Anderson" title="Poul Anderson">Poul Anderson</a> being particularly prolific exponents of this craft.<sup id="cite_ref-SFELifeOnOtherWorlds_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFELifeOnOtherWorlds-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-VisualEncyclopediaExplorationAndColoniesTowardsTheStars_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VisualEncyclopediaExplorationAndColoniesTowardsTheStars-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TheScienceInScienceFictionAlienAppearances_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheScienceInScienceFictionAlienAppearances-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The high gravity of Mesklin in Clement's <i>Mission of Gravity</i> thus results in its inhabitants having a centipede-like body structure,<sup id="cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestfahlAlienWorlds-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StanwayPeculiarPlanets_10-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayPeculiarPlanets-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TheScienceInScienceFictionAlienAppearances_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheScienceInScienceFictionAlienAppearances-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MammothPlanets_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MammothPlanets-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the low gravity yet dense atmosphere in Anderson's 1958 novel <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=War_of_the_Wing-Men&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="War of the Wing-Men (page does not exist)">War of the Wing-Men</a></i> (<abbr title="also known as">a.k.a.</abbr> <i>The Man Who Counts</i>) makes it possible for humanoid creatures to fly using their own wings.<sup id="cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestfahlAlienWorlds-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GreenwoodAlienWorlds_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GreenwoodAlienWorlds-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TheScienceInScienceFictionAlienAppearances_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheScienceInScienceFictionAlienAppearances-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="anchor" id="Desert_planets"></span><a href="/wiki/Desert_planet" title="Desert planet">Desert planets</a> are common; astrophysicist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Stanway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elizabeth Stanway (page does not exist)">Elizabeth Stanway</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q127710708#sitelinks-wikipedia" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q127710708"><span title=""Elizabeth Stanway" in other languages">Wikidata</span></a>]</span> posits that this is because the setting strikes the right balance between novelty and familiarity to most audiences, in addition to the relative inhospitality providing a survival aspect to the narrative.<sup id="cite_ref-StanwayDesertWorlds_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayDesertWorlds-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the most prominent examples thereof is <a href="/wiki/Arrakis" title="Arrakis">Arrakis</a> in <a href="/wiki/Frank_Herbert" title="Frank Herbert">Frank Herbert</a>'s 1965 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Dune_(novel)" title="Dune (novel)">Dune</a></i>, where the extreme scarcity of water influences all aspects of the planet's ecology and society.<sup id="cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestfahlAlienWorlds-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GreenwoodAlienWorlds_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GreenwoodAlienWorlds-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MammothPlanets_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MammothPlanets-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-StanwayDesertWorlds_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayDesertWorlds-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JohnstonExtremeWorlds_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JohnstonExtremeWorlds-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Less extreme desert conditions are found on the <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars</a></i> planet <a href="/wiki/Tatooine" title="Tatooine">Tatooine</a>, with more plentiful and varied lifeforms as a result.<sup id="cite_ref-StanwayDesertWorlds_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanwayDesertWorlds-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the other end of the spectrum are <a href="/wiki/Panthalassic_planet" class="mw-redirect" title="Panthalassic planet">planets covered entirely by water</a>, an early example of which appears in Neil R. Jones's 1933 short story "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Into_the_Hydrosphere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Into the Hydrosphere (page does not exist)">Into the Hydrosphere</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-StablefordPlanet_15-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StablefordPlanet-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TheScienceInScienceFictionAlienAppearances_32-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheScienceInScienceFictionAlienAppearances-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Joan_Slonczewski" title="Joan Slonczewski">Joan Slonczewski</a>'s 1986 novel <i><a href="/wiki/A_Door_into_Ocean" title="A Door into Ocean">A Door into Ocean</a></i> is a piece of <a href="/wiki/Feminist_science_fiction" title="Feminist science fiction">feminist science fiction</a> set on an ocean world with an all-female population,<sup id="cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestfahlAlienWorlds-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GreenwoodAlienWorlds_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GreenwoodAlienWorlds-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <a href="/wiki/Ursula_K._Le_Guin" title="Ursula K. Le Guin">Ursula K. Le Guin</a>'s 1969 novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Left_Hand_of_Darkness" title="The Left Hand of Darkness">The Left Hand of Darkness</a></i> is set on a <a href="/wiki/Ice_planet" title="Ice planet">frigid world of perpetual winter</a> where the inhabitants do not have a fixed sex.<sup id="cite_ref-JohnstonExtremeWorlds_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JohnstonExtremeWorlds-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JensenParadiseNot_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JensenParadiseNot-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CooperAmazingWorldsOfScienceFictionAndScienceFact_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CooperAmazingWorldsOfScienceFictionAndScienceFact-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the planets in the 2014 film <i><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_(film)" title="Interstellar (film)">Interstellar</a></i> is covered by a shallow ocean and orbits so closely around a <a href="/wiki/Black_hole" title="Black hole">black hole</a> that there are both tidal waves the height of mountains and extreme <a href="/wiki/Time_dilation" title="Time dilation">time dilation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-JensenParadiseNot_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JensenParadiseNot-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other fictional planets differ in their chemical rather than physical environment. <a href="/wiki/Chlorine_planet" class="mw-redirect" title="Chlorine planet">Chlorine planets</a> appear in Isaac Asimov's 1951 short story "<a href="/wiki/C-Chute" title="C-Chute">C-Chute</a>" and the 1976 <i><a href="/wiki/Space:_1999" title="Space: 1999">Space: 1999</a></i> episode "<a href="/wiki/The_AB_Chrysalis" class="mw-redirect" title="The AB Chrysalis">The AB Chrysalis</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-BloomWeirdPlanets_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BloomWeirdPlanets-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <a href="/wiki/C._J._Cherryh" title="C. J. Cherryh">C. J. Cherryh</a>'s 1988 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Cyteen" title="Cyteen">Cyteen</a></i> depicts a planet dominated by <a href="/wiki/Silicon-based_life" class="mw-redirect" title="Silicon-based life">silicon-based life</a> whose <a href="/wiki/Biochemistry" title="Biochemistry">biochemistry</a> creates byproducts extremely hazardous to human health.<sup id="cite_ref-NicollTrulyInhospitableFictionalPlanets_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NicollTrulyInhospitableFictionalPlanets-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Living">Living</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extrasolar_planets_in_fiction&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Living"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Stars_in_fiction#Sentient" title="Stars in fiction">Stars in fiction § Sentient</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sun_in_fiction#Sentient" title="Sun in fiction">Sun in fiction § Sentient</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Black_holes_in_fiction#Sentient" title="Black holes in fiction">Black holes in fiction § Sentient</a></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Sentient"></span>Planets themselves being portrayed as alive, while relatively rare (especially compared to stars receiving the same treatment), is a recurring theme.<sup id="cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestfahlAlienWorlds-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SFELivingWorlds_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFELivingWorlds-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sentient planets appear in <a href="/wiki/Ray_Bradbury" title="Ray Bradbury">Ray Bradbury</a>'s 1951 short story "<a href="/wiki/Here_There_Be_Tygers" title="Here There Be Tygers">Here There Be Tygers</a>", <a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Lem" title="Stanisław Lem">Stanisław Lem</a>'s 1961 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Solaris_(novel)" title="Solaris (novel)">Solaris</a></i>, and <a href="/wiki/Terry_Pratchett" title="Terry Pratchett">Terry Pratchett</a>'s 1976 novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dark_Side_of_the_Sun" title="The Dark Side of the Sun">The Dark Side of the Sun</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WestfahlAlienWorlds-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SFELivingWorlds_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFELivingWorlds-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ego_the_Living_Planet" title="Ego the Living Planet">Ego the Living Planet</a> is a recurring character in <a href="/wiki/Marvel_Comics" title="Marvel Comics">Marvel Comics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SFELivingWorlds_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFELivingWorlds-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The related concept known as the <a href="/wiki/Gaia_hypothesis" title="Gaia hypothesis">Gaia hypothesis</a>—an entire <a href="/wiki/Ecosphere_(planetary)" title="Ecosphere (planetary)">planetary ecosphere</a> functioning as a single organism, often but not always imbued with a planet-wide <a href="/wiki/Consciousness" title="Consciousness">consciousness</a>—is more common; examples include <a href="/wiki/Murray_Leinster" title="Murray Leinster">Murray Leinster</a>'s 1949 short story "<a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Lonely_Planet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Lonely Planet (page does not exist)">The Lonely Planet</a>", Isaac Asimov's 1982 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Foundation%27s_Edge" title="Foundation's Edge">Foundation's Edge</a></i>, and the 2009 film <i><a href="/wiki/Avatar_(2009_film)" title="Avatar (2009 film)">Avatar</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-SFELivingWorlds_39-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFELivingWorlds-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BloomIntelligentPlanets_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BloomIntelligentPlanets-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List">List</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extrasolar_planets_in_fiction&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: List"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following are fictional extrasolar planets with stand-alone Wikipedia articles. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Planet </th> <th>Source </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Abeir-Toril" title="Abeir-Toril">Abeir-Toril</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Dungeons_%26_Dragons" title="Dungeons & Dragons">Dungeons & Dragons</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alderaan" title="Alderaan">Alderaan</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Apokolips" title="Apokolips">Apokolips</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arrakis" title="Arrakis">Arrakis</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Dune_(franchise)" title="Dune (franchise)">Dune</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bizarro_World" title="Bizarro World">Bizarro World</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Coruscant" title="Coruscant">Coruscant</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dagobah" title="Dagobah">Dagobah</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Darkover" title="Darkover">Darkover</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Darkover_series" title="Darkover series">Darkover</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Discworld_(world)" title="Discworld (world)">Discworld</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Discworld" title="Discworld">Discworld</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ego_the_Living_Planet" title="Ego the Living Planet">Ego the Living Planet</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Marvel_Comics" title="Marvel Comics">Marvel Comics</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hoth" title="Hoth">Hoth</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jakku" title="Jakku">Jakku</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/World_of_A_Song_of_Ice_and_Fire" title="World of A Song of Ice and Fire">The Known World</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/A_Song_of_Ice_and_Fire" title="A Song of Ice and Fire">A Song of Ice and Fire</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Krypton_(comics)" title="Krypton (comics)">Krypton</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Superman" title="Superman">Superman</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mesklin" title="Mesklin">Mesklin</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Mission_of_Gravity" title="Mission of Gravity">Mission of Gravity</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mogo" title="Mogo">Mogo</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mongo_(fictional_planet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mongo (fictional planet)">Mongo</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Flash_Gordon" title="Flash Gordon">Flash Gordon</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mystara" title="Mystara">Mystara</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Dungeons_%26_Dragons" title="Dungeons & Dragons">Dungeons & Dragons</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Naboo" title="Naboo">Naboo</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Riverworld" title="Riverworld">Riverworld</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/To_Your_Scattered_Bodies_Go" title="To Your Scattered Bodies Go">To Your Scattered Bodies Go</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tatooine" title="Tatooine">Tatooine</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars</a></i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extrasolar_planets_in_fiction&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size noresize" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><img alt="A photomontage of the eight planets and the Moon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/220px-Solar_system.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/330px-Solar_system.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/440px-Solar_system.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="5600" usemap="#ImageMap_239055dbda40f215" resource="/wiki/File:Solar_system.jpg" /></span><map name="ImageMap_239055dbda40f215"><area href="/wiki/Neptune_in_fiction" shape="circle" coords="61,230,32" alt="Neptune in fiction" title="Neptune in fiction" /><area href="/wiki/Uranus_in_fiction" shape="circle" coords="105,220,26" alt="Uranus in fiction" title="Uranus in fiction" /><area href="/wiki/Saturn_in_fiction" shape="circle" coords="141,194,30" alt="Saturn in fiction" title="Saturn in fiction" /><area href="/wiki/Jupiter_in_fiction" shape="circle" coords="169,141,39" alt="Jupiter in fiction" title="Jupiter in fiction" /><area href="/wiki/Mars_in_fiction" shape="circle" coords="147,87,22" alt="Mars in fiction" title="Mars in fiction" /><area href="/wiki/Earth_in_science_fiction" shape="circle" coords="116,56,25" alt="Earth in science fiction" title="Earth in science fiction" /><area href="/wiki/Moon_in_science_fiction" shape="circle" coords="155,29,14" alt="Moon in science fiction" title="Moon in science fiction" /><area href="/wiki/Venus_in_fiction" shape="circle" coords="77,38,23" alt="Venus in fiction" title="Venus in fiction" /><area href="/wiki/Mercury_in_fiction" shape="circle" coords="48,26,16" alt="Mercury in fiction" title="Mercury in fiction" /></map><figcaption>Clicking on a planet leads to the article about its depiction in fiction.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stars_in_fiction" title="Stars in fiction">Stars in fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_planets_of_the_Solar_System" title="Fictional planets of the Solar System">Fictional planets of the Solar System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Star_Wars_planets_and_moons" title="List of Star Wars planets and moons">List of <i>Star Wars</i> planets and moons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tralfamadore" title="Tralfamadore">Tralfamadore</a> – Fictional planet variants in Kurt Vonnegut works</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extrasolar_planets_in_fiction&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Planets had already been found orbiting <a href="/wiki/Pulsar" title="Pulsar">pulsars</a> in 1992, but this is considered less significant and "1995 is widely accepted in the scientific community as the year exoplanets were discovered".<sup id="cite_ref-Puranen2024_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Puranen2024-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extrasolar_planets_in_fiction&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-WestfahlAlienWorlds-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WestfahlAlienWorlds_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWestfahl2021" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gary_Westfahl" title="Gary Westfahl">Westfahl, Gary</a> (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WETPEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA107">"Alien Worlds"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Science_Fiction_Literature_through_History:_An_Encyclopedia" title="Science Fiction Literature through History: An Encyclopedia">Science Fiction Literature through History: An Encyclopedia</a></i>. ABC-CLIO. pp. 107–110. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4408-6617-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4408-6617-3"><bdi>978-1-4408-6617-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Alien+Worlds&rft.btitle=Science+Fiction+Literature+through+History%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=107-110&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-1-4408-6617-3&rft.aulast=Westfahl&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWETPEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MillerImaginaryExoplanets-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MillerImaginaryExoplanets_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MillerImaginaryExoplanets_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MillerImaginaryExoplanets_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiller2011" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ron_Miller_(artist_and_author)" title="Ron Miller (artist and author)">Miller, Ron</a> (2011-11-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reactormag.com/imaginary-exoplanets/">"Imaginary Exoplanets"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reactor_(magazine)" title="Reactor (magazine)">Reactor</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240423114957/https://reactormag.com/imaginary-exoplanets/">Archived</a> from the original on 2024-04-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reactor&rft.atitle=Imaginary+Exoplanets&rft.date=2011-11-18&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freactormag.com%2Fimaginary-exoplanets%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GreenwoodAlienWorlds-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GreenwoodAlienWorlds_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GreenwoodAlienWorlds_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GreenwoodAlienWorlds_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GreenwoodAlienWorlds_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GreenwoodAlienWorlds_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GreenwoodAlienWorlds_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GreenwoodAlienWorlds_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GreenwoodAlienWorlds_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGillett2005" class="citation book cs1">Gillett, Stephen L. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/greenwoodencyclo0000unse_k2b9/page/12/mode/2up">"Alien Worlds"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Gary_Westfahl" title="Gary Westfahl">Westfahl, Gary</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Greenwood_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction_and_Fantasy:_Themes,_Works,_and_Wonders" class="mw-redirect" title="The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy: Themes, Works, and Wonders">The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy: Themes, Works, and Wonders</a></i>. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 12–14. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-32951-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-32951-7"><bdi>978-0-313-32951-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Alien+Worlds&rft.btitle=The+Greenwood+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction+and+Fantasy%3A+Themes%2C+Works%2C+and+Wonders&rft.pages=12-14&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-313-32951-7&rft.aulast=Gillett&rft.aufirst=Stephen+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgreenwoodencyclo0000unse_k2b9%2Fpage%2F12%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Puranen2024-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Puranen2024_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Puranen2024_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Puranen2024_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPuranenFinerHellingSmith2024" class="citation journal cs1">Puranen, Emma Johanna; Finer, Emily; Helling, Christiane; Smith, V. 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Taylor & Francis. pp. 374–376. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-97460-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-97460-8"><bdi>978-0-415-97460-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Planet&rft.btitle=Science+Fact+and+Science+Fiction%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=374-376&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-415-97460-8&rft.aulast=Stableford&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuefwmdROKTAC%26pg%3DPA374&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheZoneTheCircleCitadels-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TheZoneTheCircleCitadels_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheZoneTheCircleCitadels_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBailey1997–1998" class="citation magazine cs1">Bailey, K. V. (Winter 1997–1998). Lee, Tony (ed.). "The Circle Citadels: Other Solar Systems in Science Fiction". <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Zone_(magazine)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Zone (magazine) (page does not exist)">The Zone</a></i>. No. 6. pp. 32–34. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1351-5217">1351-5217</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Zone&rft.atitle=The+Circle+Citadels%3A+Other+Solar+Systems+in+Science+Fiction&rft.ssn=winter&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=32-34&rft.date=1997%2F1998&rft.issn=1351-5217&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=K.+V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWestfahl2018" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gary_Westfahl" title="Gary Westfahl">Westfahl, Gary</a> (2018). "Alien Encounters". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5LlpswEACAAJ"><i>Arthur C. Clarke</i></a>. Modern Masters of Science Fiction. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. p. 95. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-252-04193-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-252-04193-8"><bdi>978-0-252-04193-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Alien+Encounters&rft.btitle=Arthur+C.+Clarke&rft.place=Urbana&rft.series=Modern+Masters+of+Science+Fiction&rft.pages=95&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-0-252-04193-8&rft.aulast=Westfahl&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5LlpswEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist" style="display:inline;"><ul style="display:inline;"><li style="margin-bottom:.5em; display:block;;display:inline; margin:0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaufman2020" class="citation web cs1">Kaufman, Mark (2020-01-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/news/tatooine-worlds/">"Tatooine Worlds"</a>. <i>Astrobiology at NASA: Life in the Universe</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230811125933/https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/news/tatooine-worlds/">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-08-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Sutter">Sutter, Paul</a> (2020-03-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.space.com/how-common-are-tatooine-alien-planets.html">"How common are Tatooine worlds?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Space.com" title="Space.com">Space.com</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231208111858/https://www.space.com/how-common-are-tatooine-alien-planets.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-12-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Space.com&rft.atitle=How+common+are+Tatooine+worlds%3F&rft.date=2020-03-16&rft.aulast=Sutter&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.space.com%2Fhow-common-are-tatooine-alien-planets.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></li><li style="margin-bottom:.5em; display:block;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaker2023" class="citation web cs1">Baker, Harry (2023-06-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.livescience.com/space/planets/astronomers-discover-2nd-ever-tatooine-star-system-with-multiple-planets-orbiting-multiple-suns">"Astronomers discover 2nd-ever 'Tatooine' star system with multiple planets orbiting multiple suns"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Live_Science" title="Live Science">Live Science</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231207171325/https://www.livescience.com/space/planets/astronomers-discover-2nd-ever-tatooine-star-system-with-multiple-planets-orbiting-multiple-suns">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-12-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Live+Science&rft.atitle=Astronomers+discover+2nd-ever+%27Tatooine%27+star+system+with+multiple+planets+orbiting+multiple+suns&rft.date=2023-06-13&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.livescience.com%2Fspace%2Fplanets%2Fastronomers-discover-2nd-ever-tatooine-star-system-with-multiple-planets-orbiting-multiple-suns&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky_19-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-StanwayAllTheSunsInTheSky_19-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStanway2021" class="citation web cs1">Stanway, Elizabeth (2021-09-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/physics/research/astro/people/stanway/sciencefiction/cosmicstories/all_the_suns">"All the Suns in the Sky"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Warwick_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Warwick University">Warwick University</a></i>. Cosmic Stories Blog. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230531040855/https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/physics/research/astro/people/stanway/sciencefiction/cosmicstories/all_the_suns">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-05-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Warwick+University&rft.atitle=All+the+Suns+in+the+Sky&rft.date=2021-09-19&rft.aulast=Stanway&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwarwick.ac.uk%2Ffac%2Fsci%2Fphysics%2Fresearch%2Fastro%2Fpeople%2Fstanway%2Fsciencefiction%2Fcosmicstories%2Fall_the_suns&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SFEGreatYear-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SFEGreatYear_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SFEGreatYear_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SFEGreatYear_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLangford2023" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Langford" title="David Langford">Langford, David</a> (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/great_year">"Great Year"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/John_Clute" title="John Clute">Clute, John</a>; <a href="/wiki/David_Langford" title="David Langford">Langford, David</a>; <a href="/wiki/Graham_Sleight" title="Graham Sleight">Sleight, Graham</a> (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction" title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction">The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</a></i> (4th ed.)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Great+Year&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.edition=4th&rft.date=2023&rft.aulast=Langford&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsf-encyclopedia.com%2Fentry%2Fgreat_year&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PringleSFInThe18thCentury-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PringleSFInThe18thCentury_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPringle1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Pringle" title="David Pringle">Pringle, David</a>, ed. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ultimateencyclop0000unse_a8c7/page/16/mode/2up">"SF in the 18th Century"</a>. <i>The Ultimate Encyclopedia of Science Fiction: The Definitive Illustrated Guide</i>. Carlton. p. 16. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85868-188-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-85868-188-X"><bdi>1-85868-188-X</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/38373691">38373691</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=SF+in+the+18th+Century&rft.btitle=The+Ultimate+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction%3A+The+Definitive+Illustrated+Guide&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=Carlton&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F38373691&rft.isbn=1-85868-188-X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fultimateencyclop0000unse_a8c7%2Fpage%2F16%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MarcovitzAliensInPopCulture-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MarcovitzAliensInPopCulture_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarcovitz2011" class="citation book cs1">Marcovitz, Hal (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4-fOCbkNSBwC&pg=PA12">"Chapter One: The Aliens Arrive"</a>. <i>Aliens in Pop Culture</i>. Extraterrestrial Life. Capstone. pp. 11–12. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60152-365-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60152-365-5"><bdi>978-1-60152-365-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+One%3A+The+Aliens+Arrive&rft.btitle=Aliens+in+Pop+Culture&rft.series=Extraterrestrial+Life&rft.pages=11-12&rft.pub=Capstone&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-60152-365-5&rft.aulast=Marcovitz&rft.aufirst=Hal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4-fOCbkNSBwC%26pg%3DPA12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SFECIDefontenay-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SFECIDefontenay_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCluteNicholls2022" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Clute" title="John Clute">Clute, John</a>; <a href="/wiki/Peter_Nicholls_(writer)" title="Peter Nicholls (writer)">Nicholls, Peter</a> (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/defontenay_c_i">"Defontenay, C I"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Defontenay%2C+C+I&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.edition=4th&rft.date=2022&rft.aulast=Clute&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Nicholls%2C+Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsf-encyclopedia.com%2Fentry%2Fdefontenay_c_i&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AnatomyOfWonderStarPsiCassiopeia-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AnatomyOfWonderStarPsiCassiopeia_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStableford2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Stableford" title="Brian Stableford">Stableford, Brian</a> (2004) [1976]. "Star (Psi Cassiopeia)". In <a href="/wiki/Neil_Barron" title="Neil Barron">Barron, Neil</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Anatomy_of_Wonder" title="Anatomy of Wonder">Anatomy of Wonder</a>: A Critical Guide to Science Fiction</i> (5th ed.). Westport, Connecticut: Libraries unlimited. p. 179. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59158-171-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59158-171-0"><bdi>978-1-59158-171-0</bdi></a>. <q>A pioneering account of life in the vicinity of Star, a world in a solar system that has three principal suns and a miniature sun that orbits Star along with four satellite planets. The multicolored light from these various sources has kaleidoscopic effects on the surface of Star, which is inhabited by variously sized humanoids whose history—involving forced migrations to its inhabited neighbors—is elaborately described.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Star+%28Psi+Cassiopeia%29&rft.btitle=Anatomy+of+Wonder%3A+A+Critical+Guide+to+Science+Fiction&rft.place=Westport%2C+Connecticut&rft.pages=179&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=Libraries+unlimited&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-59158-171-0&rft.aulast=Stableford&rft.aufirst=Brian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GreenwoodStars-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GreenwoodStars_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKinney2005" class="citation book cs1">McKinney, Richard L. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/greenwoodencyclo0002unse_f3t4/page/751/mode/2up">"Stars"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Gary_Westfahl" title="Gary Westfahl">Westfahl, Gary</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Greenwood_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction_and_Fantasy:_Themes,_Works,_and_Wonders" class="mw-redirect" title="The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy: Themes, Works, and Wonders">The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy: Themes, Works, and Wonders</a></i>. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 751–753. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-32952-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-32952-4"><bdi>978-0-313-32952-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Stars&rft.btitle=The+Greenwood+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction+and+Fantasy%3A+Themes%2C+Works%2C+and+Wonders&rft.pages=751-753&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-313-32952-4&rft.aulast=McKinney&rft.aufirst=Richard+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgreenwoodencyclo0002unse_f3t4%2Fpage%2F751%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCluteEdwards2024" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Clute" title="John Clute">Clute, John</a>; <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Edwards" title="Malcolm Edwards">Edwards, Malcolm</a> (2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/asimov_isaac">"Asimov, Isaac"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/John_Clute" title="John Clute">Clute, John</a>; <a href="/wiki/David_Langford" title="David Langford">Langford, David</a>; <a href="/wiki/Graham_Sleight" title="Graham Sleight">Sleight, Graham</a> (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction" title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction">The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</a></i> (4th ed.)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Asimov%2C+Isaac&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.edition=4th&rft.date=2024&rft.aulast=Clute&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Edwards%2C+Malcolm&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsf-encyclopedia.com%2Fentry%2Fasimov_isaac&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BloomWeirdPlanets-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BloomWeirdPlanets_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BloomWeirdPlanets_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBloom2016" class="citation book cs1">Bloom, Steven D. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8NbIDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA55">"Weird Planets"</a>. <i>The Physics and Astronomy of Science Fiction: Understanding Interstellar Travel, Teleportation, Time Travel, Alien Life and Other Genre Fixtures</i>. McFarland. pp. 55–57. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-7053-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-7053-2"><bdi>978-0-7864-7053-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Weird+Planets&rft.btitle=The+Physics+and+Astronomy+of+Science+Fiction%3A+Understanding+Interstellar+Travel%2C+Teleportation%2C+Time+Travel%2C+Alien+Life+and+Other+Genre+Fixtures&rft.pages=55-57&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-7053-2&rft.aulast=Bloom&rft.aufirst=Steven+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8NbIDAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClutePringle2024" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Clute" title="John Clute">Clute, John</a>; <a href="/wiki/David_Pringle" title="David Pringle">Pringle, David</a> (2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/aldiss_brian_w">"Aldiss, Brian W"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/John_Clute" title="John Clute">Clute, John</a>; <a href="/wiki/David_Langford" title="David Langford">Langford, David</a>; <a href="/wiki/Graham_Sleight" title="Graham Sleight">Sleight, Graham</a> (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction" title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction">The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</a></i> (4th ed.)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Aldiss%2C+Brian+W&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.edition=4th&rft.date=2024&rft.aulast=Clute&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Pringle%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsf-encyclopedia.com%2Fentry%2Faldiss_brian_w&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-StanwayRoguePlanets-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-StanwayRoguePlanets_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-StanwayRoguePlanets_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-StanwayRoguePlanets_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-StanwayRoguePlanets_29-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStanway2022" class="citation web cs1">Stanway, Elizabeth (2022-03-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/physics/research/astro/people/stanway/sciencefiction/cosmicstories/rogue_planets">"Rogue Planets"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Warwick_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Warwick University">Warwick University</a></i>. Cosmic Stories Blog. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230330111420/https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/physics/research/astro/people/stanway/sciencefiction/cosmicstories/rogue_planets/">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-03-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Warwick+University&rft.atitle=Rogue+Planets&rft.date=2022-03-20&rft.aulast=Stanway&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwarwick.ac.uk%2Ffac%2Fsci%2Fphysics%2Fresearch%2Fastro%2Fpeople%2Fstanway%2Fsciencefiction%2Fcosmicstories%2Frogue_planets&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NicollFarFromAnyStar-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NicollFarFromAnyStar_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NicollFarFromAnyStar_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NicollFarFromAnyStar_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicoll2020" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Nicoll" title="James Nicoll">Nicoll, James Davis</a> (2020-04-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reactormag.com/far-from-any-star-five-stories-about-rogue-worlds/">"Far From Any Star: Five Stories About Rogue Worlds"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reactor_(magazine)" title="Reactor (magazine)">Reactor</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240416212524/https://reactormag.com/far-from-any-star-five-stories-about-rogue-worlds/">Archived</a> from the original on 2024-04-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reactor&rft.atitle=Far+From+Any+Star%3A+Five+Stories+About+Rogue+Worlds&rft.date=2020-04-30&rft.aulast=Nicoll&rft.aufirst=James+Davis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freactormag.com%2Ffar-from-any-star-five-stories-about-rogue-worlds%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBleilerBleiler1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/E._F._Bleiler" title="E. F. Bleiler">Bleiler, Everett Franklin</a>; <a href="/wiki/Richard_Bleiler" title="Richard Bleiler">Bleiler, Richard</a> (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PbMdeizaCNcC&pg=PA197">"Jones, Neil R[onald] (1908–1999)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Science-fiction:_The_Gernsback_Years_:_a_Complete_Coverage_of_the_Genre_Magazines_..._from_1926_Through_1936" class="mw-redirect" title="Science-fiction: The Gernsback Years : a Complete Coverage of the Genre Magazines ... from 1926 Through 1936">Science-fiction: The Gernsback Years : a Complete Coverage of the Genre Magazines ... from 1926 Through 1936</a></i>. Kent State University Press. p. 197. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87338-604-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87338-604-3"><bdi>978-0-87338-604-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Jones%2C+Neil+R%5Bonald%5D+%281908%E2%80%931999%29&rft.btitle=Science-fiction%3A+The+Gernsback+Years+%3A+a+Complete+Coverage+of+the+Genre+Magazines+...+from+1926+Through+1936&rft.pages=197&rft.pub=Kent+State+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-87338-604-3&rft.aulast=Bleiler&rft.aufirst=Everett+Franklin&rft.au=Bleiler%2C+Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPbMdeizaCNcC%26pg%3DPA197&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TheScienceInScienceFictionAlienAppearances-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TheScienceInScienceFictionAlienAppearances_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheScienceInScienceFictionAlienAppearances_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheScienceInScienceFictionAlienAppearances_32-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TheScienceInScienceFictionAlienAppearances_32-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStableford1983" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Stableford" title="Brian Stableford">Stableford, Brian</a> (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/scienceinscience00nich/page/56/mode/2up">"Alien appearances"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Peter_Nicholls_(writer)" title="Peter Nicholls (writer)">Nicholls, Peter</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Science_in_Science_Fiction" title="The Science in Science Fiction">The Science in Science Fiction</a></i>. New York: Knopf. pp. 56–57. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-394-53010-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-394-53010-1"><bdi>0-394-53010-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/8689657">8689657</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Alien+appearances&rft.btitle=The+Science+in+Science+Fiction&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=56-57&rft.pub=Knopf&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F8689657&rft.isbn=0-394-53010-1&rft.aulast=Stableford&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fscienceinscience00nich%2Fpage%2F56%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MammothPlanets-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MammothPlanets_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MammothPlanets_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMann2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_Mann_(writer)" title="George Mann (writer)">Mann, George</a> (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mammothencyclope00mann/page/499/mode/2up">"Planets"</a>. <i>The Mammoth Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</i>. Carroll & Graf Publishers. p. 499. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7867-0887-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7867-0887-1"><bdi>978-0-7867-0887-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Planets&rft.btitle=The+Mammoth+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.pages=499&rft.pub=Carroll+%26+Graf+Publishers&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-7867-0887-1&rft.aulast=Mann&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmammothencyclope00mann%2Fpage%2F499%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-StanwayDesertWorlds-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-StanwayDesertWorlds_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-StanwayDesertWorlds_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-StanwayDesertWorlds_34-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStanway2023" class="citation web cs1">Stanway, Elizabeth (2023-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/physics/research/astro/people/stanway/sciencefiction/cosmicstories/desert_worlds/">"Desert Worlds"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Warwick_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Warwick University">Warwick University</a></i>. Cosmic Stories Blog. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240325194809/https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/physics/research/astro/people/stanway/sciencefiction/cosmicstories/desert_worlds/">Archived</a> from the original on 2024-03-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Warwick+University&rft.atitle=Desert+Worlds&rft.date=2023-01-01&rft.aulast=Stanway&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwarwick.ac.uk%2Ffac%2Fsci%2Fphysics%2Fresearch%2Fastro%2Fpeople%2Fstanway%2Fsciencefiction%2Fcosmicstories%2Fdesert_worlds%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JohnstonExtremeWorlds-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JohnstonExtremeWorlds_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JohnstonExtremeWorlds_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnston2017" class="citation web cs1">Johnston, Michael (2017-07-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reactormag.com/five-books-about-extreme-worlds/">"Five Books About Extreme Worlds"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reactor_(magazine)" title="Reactor (magazine)">Reactor</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240416213806/https://reactormag.com/five-books-about-extreme-worlds/">Archived</a> from the original on 2024-04-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reactor&rft.atitle=Five+Books+About+Extreme+Worlds&rft.date=2017-07-24&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freactormag.com%2Ffive-books-about-extreme-worlds%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JensenParadiseNot-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JensenParadiseNot_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JensenParadiseNot_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJensen2018" class="citation web cs1">Jensen, Kelly (2018-08-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reactormag.com/paradise-not-five-inhospitable-planets/">"Paradise Not: Five Inhospitable Planets"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reactor_(magazine)" title="Reactor (magazine)">Reactor</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240416213720/https://reactormag.com/paradise-not-five-inhospitable-planets/">Archived</a> from the original on 2024-04-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reactor&rft.atitle=Paradise+Not%3A+Five+Inhospitable+Planets&rft.date=2018-08-14&rft.aulast=Jensen&rft.aufirst=Kelly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freactormag.com%2Fparadise-not-five-inhospitable-planets%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CooperAmazingWorldsOfScienceFictionAndScienceFact-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CooperAmazingWorldsOfScienceFictionAndScienceFact_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooper2020" class="citation web cs1">Cooper, Keith (2020-04-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reactormag.com/amazing-worlds-of-science-fiction-and-science-fact/">"Amazing Worlds of Science Fiction and Science Fact"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reactor_(magazine)" title="Reactor (magazine)">Reactor</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240423114906/https://reactormag.com/amazing-worlds-of-science-fiction-and-science-fact/">Archived</a> from the original on 2024-04-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reactor&rft.atitle=Amazing+Worlds+of+Science+Fiction+and+Science+Fact&rft.date=2020-04-09&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Keith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freactormag.com%2Famazing-worlds-of-science-fiction-and-science-fact%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NicollTrulyInhospitableFictionalPlanets-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NicollTrulyInhospitableFictionalPlanets_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicoll2020" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Nicoll" title="James Nicoll">Nicoll, James Davis</a> (2020-05-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reactormag.com/five-truly-inhospitable-fictional-planets/">"Five Truly Inhospitable Fictional Planets"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reactor_(magazine)" title="Reactor (magazine)">Reactor</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240423123819/https://reactormag.com/five-truly-inhospitable-fictional-planets/">Archived</a> from the original on 2024-04-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reactor&rft.atitle=Five+Truly+Inhospitable+Fictional+Planets&rft.date=2020-05-08&rft.aulast=Nicoll&rft.aufirst=James+Davis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freactormag.com%2Ffive-truly-inhospitable-fictional-planets%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SFELivingWorlds-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SFELivingWorlds_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SFELivingWorlds_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SFELivingWorlds_39-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SFELivingWorlds_39-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStablefordLangford2022" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Stableford" title="Brian Stableford">Stableford, Brian</a>; <a href="/wiki/David_Langford" title="David Langford">Langford, David</a> (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/living_worlds">"Living Worlds"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/John_Clute" title="John Clute">Clute, John</a>; <a href="/wiki/David_Langford" title="David Langford">Langford, David</a>; <a href="/wiki/Graham_Sleight" title="Graham Sleight">Sleight, Graham</a> (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction" title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction">The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</a></i> (4th ed.)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Living+Worlds&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.edition=4th&rft.date=2022&rft.aulast=Stableford&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.au=Langford%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsf-encyclopedia.com%2Fentry%2Fliving_worlds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLangford2018" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Langford" title="David Langford">Langford, David</a> (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/gaia">"Gaia"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/John_Clute" title="John Clute">Clute, John</a>; <a href="/wiki/David_Langford" title="David Langford">Langford, David</a>; <a href="/wiki/Graham_Sleight" title="Graham Sleight">Sleight, Graham</a> (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction" title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction">The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</a></i> (4th ed.)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Gaia&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Science+Fiction&rft.edition=4th&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Langford&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsf-encyclopedia.com%2Fentry%2Fgaia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BloomIntelligentPlanets-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BloomIntelligentPlanets_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBloom2016" class="citation book cs1">Bloom, Steven D. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8NbIDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA198">"Intelligent Planets"</a>. <i>The Physics and Astronomy of Science Fiction: Understanding Interstellar Travel, Teleportation, Time Travel, Alien Life and Other Genre Fixtures</i>. McFarland. pp. 198–199. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-7053-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-7053-2"><bdi>978-0-7864-7053-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Intelligent+Planets&rft.btitle=The+Physics+and+Astronomy+of+Science+Fiction%3A+Understanding+Interstellar+Travel%2C+Teleportation%2C+Time+Travel%2C+Alien+Life+and+Other+Genre+Fixtures&rft.pages=198-199&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-7053-2&rft.aulast=Bloom&rft.aufirst=Steven+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8NbIDAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA198&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Extrasolar_planets_in_fiction&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFraknoi2024" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Fraknoi" title="Andrew Fraknoi">Fraknoi, Andrew</a> (January 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://astrosociety.org/file_download/inline/7b5edc23-7a89-46c1-a6b3-33a30ed4c876">"Science Fiction Stories with Good Astronomy & Physics: A Topical Index"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_Society_of_the_Pacific" title="Astronomical Society of the Pacific">Astronomical Society of the Pacific</a></i> (7.3 ed.). p. 6. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240210011957/https://astrosociety.org/file_download/inline/7b5edc23-7a89-46c1-a6b3-33a30ed4c876">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2024-02-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Astronomical+Society+of+the+Pacific&rft.atitle=Science+Fiction+Stories+with+Good+Astronomy+%26+Physics%3A+A+Topical+Index&rft.pages=6&rft.date=2024-01&rft.aulast=Fraknoi&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fastrosociety.org%2Ffile_download%2Finline%2F7b5edc23-7a89-46c1-a6b3-33a30ed4c876&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AExtrasolar+planets+in+fiction" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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fiction"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Astronomical_locations_in_fiction" title="Template talk:Astronomical locations in fiction"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Astronomical_locations_in_fiction" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Astronomical locations in fiction"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Astronomical_locations_in_fiction" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Astronomical locations in fiction</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Solar System</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Planets" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Planets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_in_fiction" title="Mercury in fiction">Mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_in_fiction" title="Venus in fiction">Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_in_science_fiction" title="Earth in science fiction">Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_in_fiction" title="Mars in fiction">Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_in_fiction" title="Jupiter in fiction">Jupiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_in_fiction" title="Saturn in fiction">Saturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uranus_in_fiction" title="Uranus in fiction">Uranus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neptune_in_fiction" title="Neptune in fiction">Neptune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_planets_of_the_Solar_System" title="Fictional planets of the Solar System">Fictional planets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Other_bodies" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun_in_fiction" title="Sun in fiction">Sun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_in_science_fiction" title="Moon in science fiction">Moon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_appearances_of_the_Moon_in_fiction" title="List of appearances of the Moon in fiction">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroids_in_fiction" title="Asteroids in fiction">Asteroids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comets_in_fiction" title="Comets in fiction">Comets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pluto_in_fiction" title="Pluto in fiction">Pluto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saturnx.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Saturn"><img alt="Saturn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Saturnx.png/75px-Saturnx.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Saturnx.png/113px-Saturnx.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Saturnx.png/150px-Saturnx.png 2x" data-file-width="1449" data-file-height="949" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Extrasolar planets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stars_in_fiction" title="Stars in fiction">Stars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_holes_in_fiction" title="Black holes in fiction">Black holes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutron_stars_in_fiction" title="Neutron stars in fiction">Neutron stars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernovae_in_fiction" title="Supernovae in fiction">Supernovae</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Science_fiction" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Science_fiction" title="Template:Science fiction"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Science_fiction" title="Template talk:Science fiction"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Science_fiction" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Science fiction"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Science_fiction" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">Science fiction</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_science_fiction" title="Outline of science fiction">Outline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science-fiction_authors" title="List of science-fiction authors">Authors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Definitions_of_science_fiction" title="Definitions of science fiction">Definitions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthropological_science_fiction" title="Anthropological science fiction">Anthropological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_science_fiction" title="Hard science fiction">Hard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_romance" title="Scientific romance">Scientific romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft_science_fiction" title="Soft science fiction">Soft</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Science_Fiction" title="Golden Age of Science Fiction">Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_science_fiction" title="History of science fiction">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Wave_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="New Wave science fiction">New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_science_fiction" title="Timeline of science fiction">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subgenres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apocalyptic_and_post-apocalyptic_fiction" title="Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction">Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_comedy" title="Science fiction comedy">Comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_sitcoms" class="mw-redirect" title="List of science fiction sitcoms">Sitcoms</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_science_fiction" title="Feminist science fiction">Feminist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grimdark" title="Grimdark">Grimdark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inner_space_(science_fiction)" title="Inner space (science fiction)">Inner space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha">Mecha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mecha_anime_and_manga" title="Mecha anime and manga">Anime and manga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundane_science_fiction" title="Mundane science fiction">Mundane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_warfare_in_science_fiction" title="Space warfare in science fiction">Space warfare</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_science_fiction" title="Military science fiction">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_opera" title="Space opera">Space opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Western" title="Space Western">Space Western</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_universes_in_fiction" title="Parallel universes in fiction">Parallel universes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isekai" title="Isekai">Isekai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fantasy" title="Science fantasy">Science fantasy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dying_Earth_(genre)" title="Dying Earth (genre)">Dying Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_romance" title="Planetary romance">Planetary romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superhero_fiction" title="Superhero fiction">Superhero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword_and_planet" class="mw-redirect" title="Sword and planet">Sword and planet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_science_fiction" title="Social science fiction">Social</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_fiction" title="Climate fiction">Climate fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_science_fiction" title="Christian science fiction">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_science_fiction" title="Libertarian science fiction">Libertarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_and_dystopian_fiction" title="Utopian and dystopian fiction">Utopian and dystopian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tech_noir" title="Tech noir">Tech noir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spy-Fi_(subgenre)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spy-Fi (subgenre)">Spy-Fi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techno-thriller" title="Techno-thriller">Techno-thriller</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusatsu" title="Tokusatsu">Tokusatsu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaiju" title="Kaiju">Kaiju</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_underwater_science_fiction_works" title="List of underwater science fiction works">Underwater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cyberpunk_derivatives" title="Cyberpunk derivatives">Cyberpunk derivatives</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyberpunk" title="Cyberpunk">Cyberpunk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cyberpunk" title="Japanese cyberpunk">Japanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biopunk" title="Biopunk">Biopunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieselpunk" title="Dieselpunk">Dieselpunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanopunk" title="Nanopunk">Nanopunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solarpunk" title="Solarpunk">Solarpunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steampunk" title="Steampunk">Steampunk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_convention" title="Science fiction convention">Conventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_fandom" title="Science fiction fandom">Fandom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science-fiction_fanzine" title="Science-fiction fanzine">Fanzines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Speculative_Fiction_Database" title="Internet Speculative Fiction Database">ISFDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_libraries_and_museums" title="Science fiction libraries and museums">Libraries and museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMP_Museum#Science_Fiction_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="EMP Museum">Science Fiction Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_studies" title="Science fiction studies">Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_speculative_fiction" title="Women in speculative fiction">Women in SF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worldcon" title="Worldcon">Worldcon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_science_fiction" title="Australian science fiction">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_science_fiction" title="Bengali science fiction">Bengali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_science_fiction" title="Brazilian science fiction">Brazilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_science_fiction" title="Canadian science fiction">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_science_fiction" title="Chilean science fiction">Chilean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_science_fiction" title="Chinese science fiction">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_science_fiction" title="Croatian science fiction">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_science_fiction_and_fantasy" class="mw-redirect" title="Czech science fiction and fantasy">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_science_fiction" title="Estonian science fiction">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_science_fiction" title="French science fiction">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_science_fiction" title="Hungarian science fiction">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_science_fiction" title="Japanese science fiction">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_science_fiction" title="Norwegian science fiction">Norwegian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_and_fantasy_in_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Science fiction and fantasy in Poland">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_science_fiction" title="Romanian science fiction">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_science_fiction_and_fantasy" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian science fiction and fantasy">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_science_fiction" title="Serbian science fiction">Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_science_fiction" title="Spanish science fiction">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_science_fiction" title="Yugoslav science fiction">Yugoslav</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Awards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cinematic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Verne_Awards" title="Jules Verne Awards">Jules Verne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn_Awards" title="Saturn Awards">Saturn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literary, art,<br />and audio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astounding_Award_for_Best_New_Writer" title="Astounding Award for Best New Writer">Astounding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurealis_Award" title="Aurealis Award">Aurealis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BSFA_Award" title="BSFA Award">BSFA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Campbell_Memorial_Award_for_Best_Science_Fiction_Novel" title="John W. Campbell Memorial Award for Best Science Fiction Novel">Campbell Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesley_Awards" title="Chesley Awards">Chesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_C._Clarke_Award" title="Arthur C. Clarke Award">Clarke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compton_Crook_Award" title="Compton Crook Award">Crook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutscher_Science_Fiction_Preis" title="Deutscher Science Fiction Preis">Deutscher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_K._Dick_Award" title="Philip K. Dick Award">Dick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ditmar_Award" title="Ditmar Award">Ditmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endeavour_Award" title="Endeavour Award">Endeavor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FantLab%27s_Book_of_the_Year_Award" title="FantLab's Book of the Year Award">FantLab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_Award_(China)" title="Galaxy Award (China)">Galaxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Gaughan_Award" title="Jack Gaughan Award">Gaughan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geffen_Award" title="Geffen Award">Geffen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Duck_Award" title="Golden Duck Award">Golden Duck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damon_Knight_Memorial_Grand_Master_Award" title="Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award">Grand Master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_prix_de_l%27Imaginaire" title="Grand prix de l'Imaginaire">Grand Prix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Harland_Prize" title="Paul Harland Prize">Harland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Heinlein_Award" title="Robert A. Heinlein Award">Heinlein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premio_Ignotus" title="Premio Ignotus">Ignotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitschies" title="Kitschies">Kitschies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Lambda_Literary_Awards_winners_and_nominees_for_science_fiction,_fantasy_and_horror" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Lambda Literary Awards winners and nominees for science fiction, fantasy and horror">Lambda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurd_La%C3%9Fwitz_Award" title="Kurd Laßwitz Award">Laßwitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locus_Award" title="Locus Award">Locus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nautilus_Award" title="Nautilus Award">Nautilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebula_Award" title="Nebula Award">Nebula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nommo_Awards" title="Nommo Awards">Nommo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Norton_Award" title="Andre Norton Award">Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsec_Awards" title="Parsec Awards">Parsec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prometheus_Award" title="Prometheus Award">Prometheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhysling_Award" title="Rhysling Award">Rhysling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SFERA_Award" title="SFERA Award">SFERA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidewise_Award_for_Alternate_History" title="Sidewise Award for Alternate History">Sidewise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_E._Smith_Memorial_Award" title="Edward E. Smith Memorial Award">Skylark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Sturgeon_Award" title="Theodore Sturgeon Award">Sturgeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunburst_Award" title="Sunburst Award">Sunburst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A4htivaeltaja_Award" title="Tähtivaeltaja Award">Tähtivaeltaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TBD_Science_Fiction_Story_Award" title="TBD Science Fiction Story Award">TBD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Tiptree_Jr._Award" class="mw-redirect" title="James Tiptree Jr. Award">Tiptree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prix_Apollo_Award" title="Prix Apollo Award">Tour-Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_Fiction_%26_Fantasy_Translation_Awards" title="Science Fiction & Fantasy Translation Awards">Translation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urania_Award" title="Urania Award">Urania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Julius_Vogel_Award" title="Sir Julius Vogel Award">Vogel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Writers_of_the_Future" class="mw-redirect" title="Writers of the Future">Writers and Illustrators of the Future</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janusz_A._Zajdel_Award" title="Janusz A. Zajdel Award">Zajdel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multimedia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aurora_Awards" title="Aurora Awards">Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandler_Award" title="Chandler Award">Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_Awards" title="Dragon Awards">Dragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award" title="Hugo Award">Hugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seiun_Award" title="Seiun Award">Seiun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaylactic_Spectrum_Awards" title="Gaylactic Spectrum Awards">Spectrum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">Film</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_science_fiction_films" title="History of science fiction films">Film history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_science_fiction_films" title="Lists of science fiction films">Films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_films_in_India" title="Science fiction films in India">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_science_fiction" title="Japanese science fiction">Japanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_anime" title="List of science fiction anime">Anime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusatsu" title="Tokusatsu">Tokusatsu</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_comics" title="Science fiction comics">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_magazine" title="Science fiction magazine">Magazines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_novels" title="List of science fiction novels">Novels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_publishers" title="List of science fiction publishers">Publishers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_short_stories" title="List of science fiction short stories">Short stories</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_opera" title="Science fiction opera">Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_theatre" title="Science fiction theatre">Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_on_television" title="Science fiction on television">Television</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_television_programs" title="List of science fiction television programs">List of TV shows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_science_fiction_television" title="Australian science fiction television">Australasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_television_science_fiction" title="British television science fiction">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_science_fiction_television" title="Canadian science fiction television">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_on_television#Continental_European_science_fiction_series" title="Science fiction on television">European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_science_fiction" title="Japanese science fiction">Japanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_anime" title="List of science fiction anime">Anime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusatsu" title="Tokusatsu">Live-action</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._television_science_fiction" title="U.S. television science fiction">U.S.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_themes" title="List of science fiction themes">Themes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Space_architecture" title="Space architecture">Architectural</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_colonization" title="Space colonization">Colonization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyson_sphere" title="Dyson sphere">Dyson sphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matrioshka_brain" title="Matrioshka brain">Matrioshka brain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_stations_and_habitats_in_fiction" title="Space stations and habitats in fiction">Space stations and habitats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellar_engine" title="Stellar engine">Stellar engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terraforming_in_popular_culture" title="Terraforming in popular culture">Terraforming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Biology_in_fiction" title="Biology in fiction">Biological</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biological_warfare_in_popular_culture" title="Biological warfare in popular culture">Biological warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_being" title="Energy being">Energy being</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_in_fiction" title="Evolution in fiction">Evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraterrestrials_in_fiction" title="Extraterrestrials in fiction">Extraterrestrials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_fictional_extraterrestrials" title="Lists of fictional extraterrestrials">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_in_speculative_fiction" title="Gender in speculative fiction">Gender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_engineering_in_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic engineering in science fiction">Genetic engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invisibility_in_fiction" title="Invisibility in fiction">Invisibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanotechnology_in_fiction" title="Nanotechnology in fiction">Nanotechnology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organ_transplantation_in_fiction" title="Organ transplantation in fiction">Organ transplantation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasites_in_fiction" title="Parasites in fiction">Parasites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosthetics_in_fiction" title="Prosthetics in fiction">Prosthetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_sexuality_in_speculative_fiction" title="Sex and sexuality in speculative fiction">Sex and sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbiosis_in_fiction" title="Symbiosis in fiction">Symbiosis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Physical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ansible" title="Ansible">Ansible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_holes_in_fiction" title="Black holes in fiction">Black holes</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Extrasolar planets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Force_field_(technology)" title="Force field (technology)">Force field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperspace" title="Hyperspace">Hyperspace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inertialess_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Inertialess drive">Inertialess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiverse" title="Multiverse">Multiverse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_universes_in_fiction" title="Parallel universes in fiction">Parallel universes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portable_hole" title="Portable hole">Portable hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_travel_in_science_fiction" title="Space travel in science fiction">Space travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stargate_(device)" title="Stargate (device)">Stargate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stars_in_fiction" title="Stars in fiction">Stars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teleportation_in_fiction" title="Teleportation in fiction">Teleportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_travel_in_fiction" title="Time travel in fiction">Time travel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Time_viewer" title="Time viewer">Viewer</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warp_drive" title="Warp drive">Warp drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wormholes_in_fiction" title="Wormholes in fiction">Wormhole</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Psychological</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Group_mind_(science_fiction)" title="Group mind (science fiction)">Group mind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mind_uploading_in_fiction" title="Mind uploading in fiction">Mind uploading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psionics" title="Psionics">Psionics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simulated_consciousness_in_fiction" title="Simulated consciousness in fiction">Simulated consciousness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Social</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africanfuturism" title="Africanfuturism">Africanfuturism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrofuturism" title="Afrofuturism">Afrofuturism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alien_invasion" title="Alien invasion">Alien invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alien_language" title="Alien language">Alien language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_astronauts_in_popular_culture" title="Ancient astronauts in popular culture">Ancient astronauts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_science_fiction" title="Black science fiction">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evil_corporation" title="Evil corporation">Evil corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_contact_(science_fiction)" title="First contact (science fiction)">First contact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankenstein_complex" title="Frankenstein complex">Frankenstein complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galactic_empire" title="Galactic empire">Galactic empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_themes_in_speculative_fiction" title="LGBT themes in speculative fiction">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Message_from_space_(science_fiction)" title="Message from space (science fiction)">Message from space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transhumanism_in_fiction" title="Transhumanism in fiction">Transhumanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uplift_(science_fiction)" title="Uplift (science fiction)">Uplift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenoarchaeology" title="Xenoarchaeology">Xenoarchaeology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technological</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_in_fiction" title="Artificial intelligence in fiction">Artificial intelligence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AI_takeover_in_popular_culture" title="AI takeover in popular culture">AI takeover</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_engineering" title="Astronomical engineering">Astroengineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holography_in_fiction" title="Holography in fiction">Holography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_robots_and_androids" title="List of fictional robots and androids">Robots</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cyborgs_in_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyborgs in fiction">Cyborgs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-replicating_machines_in_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-replicating machines in fiction">Self-replicating machines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simulated_reality" title="Simulated reality">Simulated reality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_spacecraft" title="List of fictional spacecraft">Spacecraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tachyons_in_fiction" title="Tachyons in fiction">Tachyons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weapons_in_science_fiction" title="Weapons in science fiction">Weapons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_science_fiction" title="Christian science fiction">Christian science fiction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternate_history" title="Alternate history">Alternate history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy" title="Fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_fictional_astronauts" title="Lists of fictional astronauts">Fictional astronauts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Fictional technology">Fictional technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_history" title="Future history">Future history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_fiction" title="Horror fiction">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic realism">Magic realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Science_Fiction" title="Museum of Science Fiction">Museum of Science Fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubber_science" title="Rubber science">Rubber science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_studies" title="Science and technology studies">Science and technology studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sense_of_wonder" title="Sense of wonder">Sense of wonder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speculative_fiction" title="Speculative fiction">Speculative fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernatural_fiction" title="Supernatural fiction">Supernatural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology_and_society" title="Technology and society">Technology and society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weird_fiction" title="Weird fiction">Weird</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td 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