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citizens</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: citizens"> <meta name="keywords" content="citizens"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="citizens"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 914</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: citizens</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">674</span> Education as a Factor Which Reduces Poverty</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20V.%20Fakhrutdinova">E. V. Fakhrutdinova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20S.%20Kolesnikova"> Y. S. Kolesnikova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20A.%20Karasik"> E. A. Karasik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20M.%20Zagidullina"> V. M. Zagidullina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Poverty as the social and economic phenomenon exists in any society and represents a many-sided problem. In this sense it is universal and for many centuries serves as a research objects for scientists. Special attention to a problem of poverty in Russia is caused, first of all, by the critical growth of inequality and by scales of expansion of poverty, considerable decrease in the level and quality of life of the population, decrease in availability of education during the period of reforming. The expansion of poverty on the working members of society, youth, which has to provide reproduction of the population is alarming. As poverty is the reason of weakening of national security of the country, degradation of the population, decline in the quality of the human capital, complication of a demographic situation, strengthening of social contradictions in society, so far as the reduction of poverty, so, the increase in production. Poverty: the characteristic of an economic situation of the individual or social group at which they can't satisfy certain minimum requirements necessary for life, preservations of working capacity and reproduction. Poverty became one of the critical factors expelling people from the system of the institutional interactions reducing social space in which their relations were building breaking their social identity. Complication of the problem of poverty in modern society happened due to penetration of the related relations into many spheres of life. It is known that negative consequences of poverty display not only at the personal level of the poor person, but also at the level of interpersonal social interactions, decline in the quality and level of development of the human capital, and also at social and economic system in general. We conducted a research on the influence of education on the change of poverty level of the population. We consider education as a resource for an increase of the income and social mobility. Dependence of the income of the population on the level of education, availability of education (level of education and quality of education) on the level of income of families is found. Differentiation of quality and number of educational services for children depending on the level of the income of families is revealed. Influence of a factor of poverty on the availability of education is also studied. We consider expenses on education as the limiter of access to education. We consider education as a factor of fixation and aggravation of a property inequality. In the solution of problems of poverty the defining condition is the state regulation of social and economic development by means of creation of the effective institutional environment. The state has to develop measures for an increase of availability of various services to all categories of citizens, in particular services of health care and education, especially for poor citizens enters. The special attention regarding an increase of availability of education services has to be paid to creation of system of social elevators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poverty" title="poverty">poverty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20capital" title=" human capital"> human capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25735/education-as-a-factor-which-reduces-poverty" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25735.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">673</span> Accountability Issues in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victoria%20Adikpe">Victoria Adikpe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ills of the Nigerian public sector have been identified at various fora to include lack of financial accountability and poor reporting of government performance. With the enthronement of democracy, citizens’ expectations from the government are drifting from the mere provision of public services to efficiency and accountability. One of the major challenges to achieving accountability in Nigeria is the capability of the cash basis of accounting to meet the reporting requirements of policies and programmes of the government. This paper discussed the growing trend in the debate about the adoption of private sector financial management processes in the public sector as part of the public sector reform programmes. The paper does not claim the ultimate superiority of accrual over cash accounting but shows how it will help to further strengthen the quality of government accounting and reporting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cash%20accounting" title="cash accounting">cash accounting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accrual%20accounting" title=" accrual accounting"> accrual accounting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accountability" title=" accountability"> accountability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reporting" title=" reporting"> reporting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33585/accountability-issues-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33585.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">672</span> Adult and Non Formal Education for the Attainment of Enterprenuerial Skills in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zulaiha%20Maluma%20Ahmad">Zulaiha Maluma Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper attempted to examine adult and non formal education for the attainment of entrepreneurial skills in empowering the citizens with entrepreneurial skills, for Nigeria’s socioeconomic development. This paper highlighted the meaning of education in the context of skill acquisition, entrepreneurial education, adult and non formal education. It also examined the objectives, issues and challenges as well as prospects of this type of education. It further discussed the role of adult and non formal education for the attainment of socioeconomic development of a growing nation like Nigeria. The paper equally proffered some recommendations and eventually concluded that adult and non formal education can indeed make self reliance, personal satisfaction and the attainment of entrepreneurial education for the socioeconomic development of any nation, possible. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurial%20education" title="entrepreneurial education">entrepreneurial education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adult%20education" title=" adult education"> adult education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non%20formal%20education%20skills" title=" non formal education skills"> non formal education skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24131/adult-and-non-formal-education-for-the-attainment-of-enterprenuerial-skills-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24131.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">596</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">671</span> State Coercion and Social Movements: Legacy of Authoritarian Regime</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun-Ji%20Choi">Hyun-Ji Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to examine the meaning of ‘state’ as a monopoly of violence, in regard with South Korean democratic transition. Since institutional democratization in 1987, it is conventionally known that governmental authority has exercised its power through law and police force, rather than inclusive or private violence. In other words, 1987 pro-democracy movement has been a critical juncture for a step towards democratic consolidation. However, state coercion may continually be exerted despite institutional specification by law in South Korean context. Explicit case would be amendment of ‘the Law on Assembly and Demonstration’ which determines citizens’ right to take collective action mostly against government actions. This paper investigates amendment process of the law along with social reality since 1987 until 2015 to see how effectively institutionalization has progressed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=democratic%20transition" title="democratic transition">democratic transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=historical%20institutionalism" title=" historical institutionalism"> historical institutionalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20coercion" title=" state coercion"> state coercion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20law%20on%20Assembly%20and%20Demonstration" title=" the law on Assembly and Demonstration"> the law on Assembly and Demonstration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84621/state-coercion-and-social-movements-legacy-of-authoritarian-regime" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84621.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">670</span> Assessment of Vocational Rehabilitation of Visually Impaired Persons in Poultry Farming at Blind Center, Ogbomoso</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Modupe%20C.%20Alasa">Modupe C. Alasa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the major parameters for ensuring a country’s economic growth and development is the extent to which the citizens are involved in agriculture. The general objective of this study is to determine the assessment of vocational rehabilitation of visually impaired persons in poultry farming at blind center, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. A total number of 70 students will be selected randomly through the use of structured questionnaire out of the total number of students which is 120. Data will be collected from the farmers’ personal characteristics and other specific objectives related to the work. The results will be analyzed with the use of simple statistical tools as frequency, percentage, means and standard deviations. Conclusion and recommendations will be suggested based on result findings of the study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title="assessment">assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impair" title=" impair"> impair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poultry" title=" poultry"> poultry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rehabilitation" title=" rehabilitation"> rehabilitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vocational" title=" vocational"> vocational</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68107/assessment-of-vocational-rehabilitation-of-visually-impaired-persons-in-poultry-farming-at-blind-center-ogbomoso" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68107.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">254</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">669</span> Development of People's Participation in Environmental Development in Pathumthani Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakapas%20Saengchai">Sakapas Saengchai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Study on the development of people's participation in environmental development was a qualitative research method. Data were collected by participant observation, in-depth interview and discussion group in Pathumthani province. The study indicated that 1) People should be aware of environmental information from government agencies. 2) People in the community should be able to brainstorm information, exchange information about community environment development. 3) People should have a role with community leaders. 4) People in the community should have a role to play in the implementation of projects and activities in the development of the environment and 5) citizens, community leaders, village committee have directed the development of the area. Maintaining a community environment with a shared decision. By emphasizing the process of participation, self-reliance, mutual help, and responsibility for one's own community. Community empowerment strengthens the sustainable spatial development of the environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=people" title="people">people</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=participation" title=" participation"> participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community" title=" community"> community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85948/development-of-peoples-participation-in-environmental-development-in-pathumthani-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85948.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">668</span> Inclusive Education of Roma Students from Socially Disadvantaged Background as a Determinant of Their Social Inclusion in the Slovak Republic </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Hor%C5%88%C3%A1k">L. Horňák</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the paper is to analyze a longstanding problem in Slovakia – the effective education of Roma students coming from socially disadvantaged backgrounds. Although it is a relatively small country, there are over 630 communities in the Slovak Republic. The efficiency of the projects was verified by interviews with participants; questionnaires; and direct observations. Evaluation reports which summarized and evaluated the outcomes of the projects only confirmed their success. Slovakia realizes that appropriate social inclusion of marginalized citizens coming from the Roma ethnic group can only be achieved through education based on equality of all students and acceptance of diversity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusive%20education" title="inclusive education">inclusive education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marginalized%20communities" title=" marginalized communities"> marginalized communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roma%20pupil" title=" Roma pupil"> Roma pupil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equity%20in%20education" title=" equity in education"> equity in education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socially%20disadvantaged%20backgrounds" title=" socially disadvantaged backgrounds"> socially disadvantaged backgrounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20inclusion" title=" social inclusion"> social inclusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40496/inclusive-education-of-roma-students-from-socially-disadvantaged-background-as-a-determinant-of-their-social-inclusion-in-the-slovak-republic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40496.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">667</span> Examining the Current Divisive State of American Political Discourse through the Lens of Peirce's Triadic Logical Structure and Pragmatist Metaphysics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nathan%20Garcia">Nathan Garcia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The polarizing dialogue of contemporary political America results from core philosophical differences. But these differences are beyond ideological and reach metaphysical distinction. Good intellectual historians have theorized that fundamental concepts such as freedom, God, and nature have been sterilized of their intellectual vigor. They are partially correct. 19th-century pragmatist Charles Sanders Peirce offers a penetrating philosophy which can yield greater insight into the contemporary political divide. Peirce argues that metaphysical and ethical issues are derivative of operational logic. His triadic logical structure and ensuing metaphysical principles constructed therefrom is contemporaneously applicable for three reasons. First, Peirce’s logic aptly scrutinizes the logical processes of liberal and conservative mindsets. Each group arrives at a cosmological root metaphor (abduction), resulting in a contemporary assessment (deduction), ultimately prompting attempts to verify the original abduction (induction). Peirce’s system demonstrates that liberal citizens develop a cosmological root metaphor in the concept of fairness (abduction), resulting in a contemporary assessment of, for example, underrepresented communities being unfairly preyed upon (deduction), thereby inciting anger toward traditional socio-political structures suspected of purposefully destabilizing minority communities (induction). Similarly, conservative citizens develop a cosmological root metaphor in the concept of freedom (abduction), resulting in a contemporary assessment of, for example, liberal citizens advocating an expansion of governmental powers (deduction), thereby inciting anger towards liberal communities suspected of attacking freedoms of ordinary Americans in a bid to empower their interests through the government (induction). The value of this triadic assessment is the categorization of distinct types of inferential logic by their purpose and boundaries. Only deductive claims can be concretely proven, while abductive claims are merely preliminary hypotheses, and inductive claims are accountable to interdisciplinary oversight. Liberals and conservative logical processes preclude constructive dialogue because of (a) an unshared abductive framework, and (b) misunderstanding the rules and responsibilities of their types of claims. Second, Peircean metaphysical principles offer a greater summary of the contemporaneously divisive political climate. His insights can weed through the partisan theorizing to unravel the underlying philosophical problems. Corrosive nominalistic and essentialistic presuppositions weaken the ability to share experiences and communicate effectively, both requisite for any promising constructive dialogue. Peirce’s pragmatist system can expose and evade fallacious thinking in pursuit of a refreshing alternative framework. Finally, Peirce’s metaphysical foundation enables a logically coherent, scientifically informed orthopraxis well-suited for American dialogue. His logical structure necessitates radically different anthropology conducive to shared experiences and dialogue within a dynamic, cultural continuum. Pierce’s fallibilism and sensitivity to religious sentiment successfully navigate between liberal and conservative values. In sum, he provides a normative paradigm for intranational dialogue that privileges individual experience and values morally defensible notions of freedom, God, and nature. Utilizing Peirce’s thought will yield fruitful analysis and offers a promising philosophical alternative for framing and engaging in contemporary American political discourse. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charles%20s.%20Peirce" title="Charles s. Peirce">Charles s. Peirce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=american%20politics" title=" american politics"> american politics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=logic" title=" logic"> logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pragmatism" title=" pragmatism"> pragmatism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110824/examining-the-current-divisive-state-of-american-political-discourse-through-the-lens-of-peirces-triadic-logical-structure-and-pragmatist-metaphysics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110824.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">666</span> Civic E-Participation in Central and Eastern Europe: A Comparative Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izabela%20Kapsa">Izabela Kapsa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Civic participation is an important aspect of democracy. The contemporary model of democracy is based on citizens' participation in political decision-making (deliberative democracy, participatory democracy). This participation takes many forms of activities like display of slogans and symbols, voting, social consultations, political demonstrations, membership in political parties or organizing civil disobedience. The countries of Central and Eastern Europe after 1989 are characterized by great social, economic and political diversity. Civil society is also part of the process of democratization. Civil society, funded by the rule of law, civil rights, such as freedom of speech and association and private ownership, was to play a central role in the development of liberal democracy. Among the many interpretations of concepts, defining the concept of contemporary democracy, one can assume that the terms civil society and democracy, although different in meaning, nowadays overlap. In the post-communist countries, the process of shaping and maturing societies took place in the context of a struggle with a state governed by undemocratic power. State fraud or repudiation of the institution is a representative state, which in the past was the only way to manifest and defend its identity, but after the breakthrough became one of the main obstacles to the development of civil society. In Central and Eastern Europe, there are many obstacles to the development of civil society, for example, the elimination of economic poverty, the implementation of educational campaigns, consciousness-related obstacles, the formation of social capital and the deficit of social activity. Obviously, civil society does not only entail an electoral turnout but a broader participation in the decision-making process, which is impossible without direct and participative democratic institutions. This article considers such broad forms of civic participation and their characteristics in Central and Eastern Europe. The paper is attempts to analyze the functioning of electronic forms of civic participation in Central and Eastern European states. This is not accompanied by a referendum or a referendum initiative, and other forms of political participation, such as public consultations, participative budgets, or e-Government. However, this paper will broadly present electronic administration tools, the application of which results from both legal regulations and increasingly common practice in state and city management. In the comparative analysis, the experiences of post-communist bloc countries will be summed up to indicate the challenges and possible goals for further development of this form of citizen participation in the political process. The author argues that for to function efficiently and effectively, states need to involve their citizens in the political decision-making process, especially with the use of electronic tools. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Central%20and%20Eastern%20Europe" title="Central and Eastern Europe">Central and Eastern Europe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-participation" title=" e-participation"> e-participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-government" title=" e-government"> e-government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-communism" title=" post-communism"> post-communism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87749/civic-e-participation-in-central-and-eastern-europe-a-comparative-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87749.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">665</span> God in Jesus, a Daimonion in Socrates and Their Respective Divine Communication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yip-Mei%20Loh">Yip-Mei Loh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Jesus and Socrates shared a remarkable gift; a channel of inner spiritual communication, to afford them truthful guidance in their respective religious discourse. Jesus is part of the Trinity; he is the Son, the Son of God. In mortal life he is the son of a carpenter. He called on all peoples to repent of their sins but fell foul of the authorities and was crucified. Socrates was an ancient Greek philosopher and the son of an artisan. His mission is to drive the Athenians to investigate truth, but he too incurs the displeasure of fellow citizens, to the extent of execution. The accusations made against them centre around, in Jesus’ case, proclaiming himself the Son of God, with the means to pardon, and in Socrates’, that a <em>daimonion</em>, an inner voice, speaks to him in his heart. Jesus talks with God directly through prayer, as the pneuma of God, i.e. to pneuma to <em>hagion</em>, or Holy Spirit, is with him. Socrates seems to enter what we would now think of as a trance-like condition, wherein he communicates with his inner <em>daimonion</em>, who directs him to take courage on the righteous path. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=daimonion" title="daimonion">daimonion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=God" title=" God"> God</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Holy%20Spirit" title=" Holy Spirit"> Holy Spirit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pneuma" title=" pneuma"> pneuma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=truth" title=" truth"> truth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80651/god-in-jesus-a-daimonion-in-socrates-and-their-respective-divine-communication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80651.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">664</span> Drivers of E-Participation: Case of Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Alrashedi">R. Alrashedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Persaud"> A. Persaud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study provides insights into the readiness of users to participate in e-government activities in Saudi Arabia. A user-centric model of e-participation is developed based on a review of the literature and empirically tested. The findings are based on an online survey of a sample of 200 hundred Saudi citizens and residents living in Saudi Arabia. The study found that trust of the government, attitude towards e-participation, e-participation through the use of social media, and social influence and social identity positively influence e-participation while perceived benefits of e-government is negatively related to e-participation. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence of the drivers of e-participation. The study also provides insights that could be used by policymakers to increase the level of e-participation in Saudi Arabia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-government" title="e-government">e-government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-participation" title=" e-participation"> e-participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title=" social media"> social media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust" title=" trust"> trust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20influence%20and%20social%20identity" title=" social influence and social identity"> social influence and social identity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13128/drivers-of-e-participation-case-of-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13128.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">462</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">663</span> Detentions in Kashmir: A Review of Impact of J&K PSA, 1978</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naseer%20Ahmad%20Bhat">Naseer Ahmad Bhat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Jammu and Kashmir Public Safety Act, 1978 provides for administrative detention in Jammu and Kashmir, a disputed region between India & Pakistan, since 1947. This paper shall critically analyse the working of PSA (Public Safety Act) in this J&K since 1978, since its inception. Detentions under this Act traverse between the security of the State and Liberty of citizens but over decades, has this Act served its purpose in Kashmir or not shall be analysed in this paper. J&K PSA is used to detain political workers, Over-Ground Workers and Stone Pelters who pose a direct threat to the ‘security of the State.’ Detentions under J&K PSA are a good measure in the hands of Security agencies to bring calm during periods of turmoil, but it has socio-economic consequences for detainees as well as families. This paper shall highlight the Socio-Economic impact of detentions under J&K PSA on individuals and families. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detentions" title="detentions">detentions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kashmir" title=" Kashmir"> Kashmir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20safety%20act" title=" public safety act"> public safety act</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liberty" title=" liberty"> liberty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141730/detentions-in-kashmir-a-review-of-impact-of-jk-psa-1978" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141730.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">662</span> A Framework for Organizational Architecture of Electronic City and Electronic Municipality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Zeynali%20Azim">Ali Zeynali Azim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mostfa%20Basiry"> Mostfa Basiry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samira%20Kafshi"> Samira Kafshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elnaz%20Behnoud"> Elnaz Behnoud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study provides a framework for enterprise architecture in electronic city is electronic municipality. Nowadays, information technology as an emerging phenomenon has a special place in the world. Development of information and communication technology causes many changes in various fields, including emerging e-cities, municipalities and citizens. However, e-city and e-municipality need essential enterprise architecture. In order to develop enterprise architecture of e-city and e-municipality, enterprise architecture maturity method should be applied. Therefore, one of the most important needs of organizations is to choose important activities according to limitations. The studies show that there is a close relationship between IT, enterprise architecture, e-city and e-municipality. This study aimed to clarify the concept of IT, enterprise architecture, electronic city and e-municipality and how they are related to each other. Is the existence of each of IT, enterprise architecture, electronic and electronic municipal requires each other? <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enterprise%20architecture" title="enterprise architecture">enterprise architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-city" title=" e-city"> e-city</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-municipality" title=" e-municipality"> e-municipality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-government" title=" e-government"> e-government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-citizen" title=" e-citizen"> e-citizen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service-oriented%20architecture" title=" service-oriented architecture"> service-oriented architecture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13947/a-framework-for-organizational-architecture-of-electronic-city-and-electronic-municipality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13947.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">534</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">661</span> Security Issues and Primary School Participation in Kenya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rose%20Mwanza">Rose Mwanza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates security factors influencing primary school pupils’ school participation in Kenya. Schools, communities and the Government all have roles to play in enhancing primary school pupil’s school participation. The effective security system of a country provides the necessary avenues to facilitate improved health services protection of children and allows free movement of the country’s citizens which leads to a conducive atmosphere for school participation. Kenya is a signatory to international commitments and conventions related to security such as the National Policy on Peace Building and Conflict Management, United Nations Development Assistance Framework and Key Security Unity, which enable primary school pupils to participate in education. The paper also looks at the strategies the Government of Kenya has put in place to ensure effective pupil school participation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnicity" title="ethnicity">ethnicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title=" social media"> social media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=participation%20in%20school" title=" participation in school"> participation in school</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poverty" title=" poverty"> poverty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terrorism" title=" terrorism"> terrorism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175481/security-issues-and-primary-school-participation-in-kenya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">660</span> The Use of Online Courses as a Tool for Teaching in Education for Youth and Adults</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elineuda%20Do%20Socorro%20Santos%20Pican%C3%A7o%20Sousa">Elineuda Do Socorro Santos Picanço Sousa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Kerlly%20Souza%20da%20Costa"> Ana Kerlly Souza da Costa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the analysis of the information society as a plural, inclusive and participatory society, where it is necessary to give all citizens, especially young people, the right skills in order to develop skills so that they can understand and use information through of contemporary technologies; well as carry out a critical analysis, using and producing information and all sorts of messages and / or informational language codes. This conviction inspired this article, whose aim is to present current trends in the use of technology in distance education applied as an alternative and / or supplement to classroom teaching for Youth and Adults, concepts and actions, seeking to contribute to its development in the state of Amapá and specifically, the Center for Professional of Amapá Teaching Professor Josinete Oliveira Barroso - CEPAJOB. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=youth%20and%20adults%20education" title="youth and adults education">youth and adults education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ead.%20Professional%20Education" title=" Ead. Professional Education"> Ead. Professional Education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20courses" title=" online courses"> online courses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CEPAJOB" title=" CEPAJOB"> CEPAJOB</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20907/the-use-of-online-courses-as-a-tool-for-teaching-in-education-for-youth-and-adults" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20907.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">642</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">659</span> 3D Printing Technology in Housing Projects Construction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20F.%20Haddad">Mohammed F. Haddad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20A.%20Albenayyan"> Mohammad A. Albenayyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Realistically, 3-D printing as a technology has not yet reached the required maturity level to handle construction housing projects for citizens on a country scale. However, potentially, it has all of the required elements for addressing this issue. There are two main high-level elements of this technology that need to be capitalized on in order for the technology to reach its full potential, technical and logistical. This paper aims to cover how 3-D printing can be a viable technical solution for housing projects and describe the impact of 3-D printing technical features on the logistical aspects of completing a housing project. Additionally, a perspective about 3-D printing in Saudi Arabia will be presented in order to give the reader an idea of where the kingdom stands in the deployment of this technology. Finally, a glimpse will be given regarding the potential utilization of this technology for space applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=large-scale%203-D%20printing" title="large-scale 3-D printing">large-scale 3-D printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=additive%20manufacturing" title=" additive manufacturing"> additive manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D-%20shape" title=" D- shape"> D- shape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contour%20crafting" title=" contour crafting"> contour crafting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148137/3d-printing-technology-in-housing-projects-construction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148137.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">658</span> Armed Forces Special Powers Act and Human Rights in Nagaland</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khrukulu%20Khusoh">Khrukulu Khusoh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The strategies and tactics used by governments throughout the world to counter terrorism and insurgency over the past few decades include the declaration of states of siege or martial law, enactment of anti-terrorist legislation and strengthening of judicial powers. Some of these measures taken have been more successful than the other, but some have proved counterproductive, alienating the public from the authorities and further polarizing an already fractured political environment. Such cases of alienation and polarization can be seen in the northeastern states of India. The Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act which was introduced to curb insurgency in the remote jungles of the far-flung areas has remained a telling tale of agony in the north east India. Grievous trauma to humans through encounter killings, custodial deaths, unwarranted torture, exploitation of women and children in several ways have been reported in Nagaland, Manipur and other northeastern states where the Indian army has been exercising powers under the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act. While terrorism and the insurgency are destructive of human rights, counter-terrorism does not necessarily restore and safeguard human rights. This special law has not proven effective particularly in dealing with terrorism and insurgency. The insurgency has persisted in the state of Nagaland even after sixty years notwithstanding the presence of a good number of special laws. There is a need to fight elements that threaten the security of a nation, but the methods chosen should be measured, otherwise the fight is lost. There has been no review on the effectiveness or failure of the act to realize its intended purpose. Nor was there any attempt on the part of the state to critically look at the violation of rights of innocent citizens by the state agencies. The Indian state keeps enacting laws, but none of these could be effectively applied as there was the absence of clarity of purpose. Therefore, every new law which has been enacted time and again to deal with security threats failed to bring any solution for the last six decades. The Indian state resorts to measures which are actually not giving anything in terms of strategic benefits but are short-term victories that might result in long-term tragedies. Therefore, right thinking citizens and human rights activists across the country feel that introduction of Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act was as much violation of human rights and its continuation is undesirable. What worried everyone is the arbitrary use, or rather misuse of power by the Indian armed forces particularly against the weaker sections of the society, including women. After having being subjected to indiscriminate abuse of that law, people of the north-east India have been demanding its revocation for a long time. The present paper attempts to critically examine the violation of human rights under Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act. It also attempts to bring out the impact of Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act on the Naga people. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=armed%20forces" title="armed forces">armed forces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insurgency" title=" insurgency"> insurgency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=special%20laws" title=" special laws"> special laws</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=violence" title=" violence"> violence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27596/armed-forces-special-powers-act-and-human-rights-in-nagaland" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27596.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">657</span> Modern Conditions and Tendencies of Development of Agro-Industrial Complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%D0%90.%20%D0%90.%20Yessekeyeva">А. А. Yessekeyeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%D0%90.%20S.%20Moldagaliyeva"> А. S. Moldagaliyeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20K.%20Shulanbekova"> G. K. Shulanbekova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this article is to describe challenges associated with enhancement of government control over agro industrial sector in order to maintain food security. The need for government control over agricultural industry stems from the fact that the State is accountable to its citizens for establishing their standard living conditions, food and other agricultural product supplies. Agro industrial sector is in a special position within the market place preventing its full and equal participation in an interdisciplinary competition. Low-profit agricultural industry that is dependent on the natural and strongly marked seasonal and cyclical production factors is more underdeveloped in terms of technology and relatively static industry as compared to the manufacturing industry. Therefore, agricultural industry development directly affects food security of the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20security" title="food security">food security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agro-industry" title=" agro-industry"> agro-industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazakhstan" title=" Kazakhstan"> Kazakhstan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20security" title=" food security"> food security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5332/modern-conditions-and-tendencies-of-development-of-agro-industrial-complex-of-the-republic-of-kazakhstan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5332.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">656</span> Labour Migration in Russia in the Context of Russia’s National Security Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20V.%20Dolzhikova">A. V. Dolzhikova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article deals with the problems of labour migration in the Russian Federation in the context of Russia's national security, provides the typology of migrants residing in the territory of the Russian Federation and analyzes the risk factors. The author considers the structure of migration flows and the terms of legal, economic and socio-cultural adaptation of migrants in the Russian Federation. In this connection, the status of the Russian migration legislation, the concept of the comprehensive exam in Russian as a foreign language, history of Russia and the basics of the Russian Federation legislation for foreign citizens which was introduced in Russia on January 1, 2015, are analyzed. The article discloses its role as the adaptation strategy and the factor of Russia's migration security. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comprehensive%20exam" title="comprehensive exam">comprehensive exam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20policy" title=" migration policy"> migration policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration%20legislation" title=" migration legislation"> migration legislation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Russia%27s%20national%20security" title=" Russia's national security"> Russia's national security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49836/labour-migration-in-russia-in-the-context-of-russias-national-security-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49836.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">655</span> Refugee to Settler: A Study on Rohingya Migration in Chattogram and Cox’s Bazar</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahadat%20Hossain">Shahadat Hossain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The United Nations (UN) declared Rohingya as the most oppressed nation in the world. The Rohingya's native place is Arakan, Myanmar, which is newly named Rakhine. The Rohingya have been forcibly migrated to Bangladesh, Malaysia, and other states for settlement for many years. Bangladesh has not been able to handle the pressure of Rohingya refugees, although it has been hosting Rohingya refugees for multiple decades. As a result, Rohingya refugees have been mixed with the local population. Some of the Rohingya people of Arakan already became citizens of Bangladesh after migrating to Bangladesh. The Rohingya have become Bangladeshis through intermarriage, kinship, labour, and business partnerships. Rohingya people preferred to settle in Bangladesh due to cultural, religious, and linguistic similarities. Some of the Rohingyas get an advantage also from the domestic political and voting equation of Bangladesh. This research tried to explore how the Rohingyas settled in Chattogram and Cox's Bazar and became one of the locals. The research sought to focus on their advantage, difficulties, and narrative. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohingya" title="Rohingya">Rohingya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refugee" title=" refugee"> refugee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bangladesh" title=" Bangladesh"> Bangladesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohingya%20settlement" title=" Rohingya settlement"> Rohingya settlement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165682/refugee-to-settler-a-study-on-rohingya-migration-in-chattogram-and-coxs-bazar" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165682.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">72</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">654</span> Evaluation Using a Bidirectional Microphone as a Pressure Pulse Wave Meter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shunsuke%20Fujiwara">Shunsuke Fujiwara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takashi%20Kaburagi"> Takashi Kaburagi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazuyuki%20Kobayashi"> Kazuyuki Kobayashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kajiro%20Watanabe"> Kajiro Watanabe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yosuke%20Kurihara"> Yosuke Kurihara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes a novel sensor device, a pressure pulse wave meter, which uses a bidirectional condenser microphone. The microphone work as a microphone as well as a sensor with high gain over a wide frequency range; they are also highly reliable and economical. Currently aging is becoming a serious social issue in Japan causing increased medical expenses in the country. Hence, it is important for elderly citizens to check health condition at home, and to care the health conditions through daily monitoring. Given this circumstances, we developed a novel pressure pulse wave meter based on a bidirectional condenser microphone. This novel pressure pulse wave meter device is used as a measuring instrument of health conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bidirectional%20microphone" title="bidirectional microphone">bidirectional microphone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20pulse%20wave%20meter" title=" pressure pulse wave meter"> pressure pulse wave meter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20condition" title=" health condition"> health condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=novel%20sensor%20device" title=" novel sensor device"> novel sensor device</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28575/evaluation-using-a-bidirectional-microphone-as-a-pressure-pulse-wave-meter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28575.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">552</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">653</span> The Display of Environmental Information to Promote Energy Saving Practices: Evidence from a Massive Behavioral Platform </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Lazzarini">T. Lazzarini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Imbiki"> M. Imbiki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20E.%20Sutter"> P. E. Sutter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Borragan"> G. Borragan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While several strategies, such as the development of more efficient appliances, the financing of insulation programs or the rolling out of smart meters represent promising tools to reduce future energy consumption, their implementation relies on people’s decisions-actions. Likewise, engaging with consumers to reshape their behavior has shown to be another important way to reduce energy usage. For these reasons, integrating the human factor in the energy transition has become a major objective for researchers and policymakers. Digital education programs based on tangible and gamified user interfaces have become a new tool with potential effects to reduce energy consumption4. The B2020 program, developed by the firm “Économie d’Énergie SAS”, proposes a digital platform to encourage pro-environmental behavior change among employees and citizens. The platform integrates 160 eco-behaviors to help saving energy and water and reducing waste and CO2 emissions. A total of 13,146 citizens have used the tool so far to declare the range of eco-behaviors they adopt in their daily lives. The present work seeks to build on this database to identify the potential impact of adopted energy-saving behaviors (n=62) to reduce the use of energy in buildings. To this end, behaviors were classified into three categories regarding the nature of its implementation (Eco-habits: e.g., turning-off the light, Eco-actions: e.g., installing low carbon technology such as led light-bulbs and Home-Refurbishments: e.g., such as wall-insulation or double-glazed energy efficient windows). General Linear Models (GLM) disclosed the existence of a significantly higher frequency of Eco-habits when compared to the number of home-refurbishments realized by the platform users. While this might be explained in part by the high financial costs that are associated with home renovation works, it also contrasts with the up to three times larger energy-savings that can be accomplished by these means. Furthermore, multiple regression models failed to disclose the expected relationship between energy-savings and frequency of adopted eco behaviors, suggesting that energy-related practices are not necessarily driven by the correspondent energy-savings. Finally, our results also suggested that people adopting more Eco-habits and Eco-actions were more likely to engage in Home-Refurbishments. Altogether, these results fit well with a growing body of scientific research, showing that energy-related practices do not necessarily maximize utility, as postulated by traditional economic models, and suggest that other variables might be triggering them. Promoting home refurbishments could benefit from the adoption of complementary energy-saving habits and actions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy-saving%20behavior" title="energy-saving behavior">energy-saving behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20performance" title=" human performance"> human performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavioral%20change" title=" behavioral change"> behavioral change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105472/the-display-of-environmental-information-to-promote-energy-saving-practices-evidence-from-a-massive-behavioral-platform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105472.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">200</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">652</span> Metaphors, Cognition, and Action: Conceptual Metaphor Analysis of President Akuffo-Addo’s Speeches in the COVID-19 Crisis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isaac%20Kwabena%20Adubofour">Isaac Kwabena Adubofour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20Serwaah%20Afreh"> Esther Serwaah Afreh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Political speeches are structured in ways that ensure that the ideology of the leader is communicated in ways that the opinions of the audience are influenced towards certain lines of action, and in crisis situations like the outbreak of a global pandemic, public opinion and action are influenced through speeches. The foregoing explains the presence of metaphors in presidential speeches. Crises require, among other things, that the thoughts, emotions, and actions of the population are controlled in dealing with the problems at hand. The primary question this study assesses is how the use of metaphors in crisis situations, like the COVID-19 pandemic, influences thought, determines the policies a government adopts, and influences the reactions of the people. The study focused on twenty-four (24) addresses of the President of Ghana, Nana Addo Danquah Akuffo-Addo, on the COVID-19 pandemic and his government’s efforts to manage the crisis. The nature and relevance of presidential speeches and the presence of metaphors in such speeches have been investigated. However, there is a paucity of research on the connection between the presence of metaphors in presidential speeches and their influence on thought and action. Especially within the crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is pertinent to investigate how the presence of metaphors in presidential addresses influences social thought and action. Thus, the current study sought to investigate the potential for metaphor use to influence thought and action on a national scale during the COVID crisis. The speeches were collected from the website of the presidency. The analysis was done using Metaphor Identification Process by the Praglejazz Group (2007) with conceptual metaphor theory (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980) as the theoretical foundation. The findings of the study show that the President’s adoption of war metaphors may not have been ideal since it triggered thoughts, policies, and social actions in line with war. For instance, the reference to health workers as heroes, heroines, and frontline workers praised the efforts of these workers over the efforts of the rest of the population, and that may have contributed to the apathy that arose among the citizens in dealing with the pandemic. This prioritization of the frontline workers explains why their taxes were forgiven for a considerable period. The government further absorbed utility bills of citizens during the pandemic. All these financial commitments may not have been advisable for a developing country like Ghana, but the authors argue that the actions may have been influenced by the metaphor that was adopted. Another finding that is explored is the problem of stigmatization in the country during the pandemic and its connection with the war metaphor. This investigation expands the research on metaphors, social thought and action, and crisis communication. Its contribution to metaphor use, thought, and action suggest its potential implication for education and other fields. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conceptual%20metaphor%20theory" title="conceptual metaphor theory">conceptual metaphor theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crisis%20communication" title=" crisis communication"> crisis communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=presidential%20addresses" title=" presidential addresses"> presidential addresses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20communication" title=" risk communication"> risk communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149612/metaphors-cognition-and-action-conceptual-metaphor-analysis-of-president-akuffo-addos-speeches-in-the-covid-19-crisis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149612.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">104</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">651</span> Social Reforms and the Welfare State in America after the New Deal (1945-1969)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aziza%20Tahar%20Djebbar">Aziza Tahar Djebbar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Throughout American history, many American presidents have tried to create new reforms to enhance the living conditions of the American citizens and promote their welfare. Among these reforms were those dealing with health care, education, as well as social security, which would facilitate accordingly the evolution of the American welfare state. After the New Deal, from 1945 to 1969, American presidents sought to carry out and enlarge the scope of the welfare state that emerged during the Roosevelt Administration by introducing new social reforms. Yet, there were some American presidents who succeeded, and there were some presidents who failed.The task of this research work is to depict the postwar period from 1945 to 1969. Some light will be shed on the main causes that led to the delay of many programs from 1945 to 1960. Further, the focus will be on the main factors that contributed to the reappearance of many social reforms and the dramatic expansion of the welfare state all along the 1960s. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20deal" title="new deal">new deal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=great%20society" title=" great society"> great society</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicaid" title=" medicaid"> medicaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicare" title=" medicare"> medicare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=war%20on%20poverty" title=" war on poverty"> war on poverty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20reforms" title=" social reforms"> social reforms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welfare%20reforms" title=" welfare reforms"> welfare reforms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13867/social-reforms-and-the-welfare-state-in-america-after-the-new-deal-1945-1969" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13867.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">458</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">650</span> A Survey on Protests Against Compulsory Hejab in Iran From Iranian Women’s Point of View After Mahsa Amini`S Death: A Grounded Theory Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shirin%20Arefi">Shirin Arefi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Iran, women and girls are treated as second class citizens and suffer from many discrimination and inequality such as compulsory Hejab, a phenomena which has required all women to wear the hijab head-covering since the 1979 Islamic revolution. Now, the crackdown of new government has caused a massive uproar in the country. The morality police also continue to curb the choices of women, and the latest unfortunate incidents accelerate the hardened rules. The author is going to survey the views and of women against compulsory Hejab and morality and chastity police arrests. The methodology is a qualitative one in which narratives of them are coded based on grounded theory and horizons of the process is explained by phenomenological research as well. The findings and results will show the current attitudes of women of Hejab and their reactions against morality police behaviors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compulsory%20hejab" title="compulsory hejab">compulsory hejab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morality%20police" title=" morality police"> morality police</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=people" title=" people"> people</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arrest" title=" arrest"> arrest</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161572/a-survey-on-protests-against-compulsory-hejab-in-iran-from-iranian-womens-point-of-view-after-mahsa-aminis-death-a-grounded-theory-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161572.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">649</span> Investigating Sustainable Neighborhood Development in Jahanshahr </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khashayar%20Kashani%20Jou">Khashayar Kashani Jou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilnaz%20Fathololoomi"> Ilnaz Fathololoomi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, access to sustainable development in cities is assumed as one of the most important goals of urban managers. In the meanwhile, neighborhood as the smallest unit of urban spatial organization has a substantial effect on urban sustainability. Hence, attention to and focus on this subject is highly important in urban development plans. The objective of this study is evaluation of the status of Jahanshahr Neighborhood in Karaj city based on sustainable neighborhood development indicators. This research has been applied based on documentary method and field surveys. Also, evaluating of Jahanshahr Neighborhood of Karaj shows that it has a high level in sustainability in physical and economical dimension while a low level in cultural and social dimension. For this purpose, this neighborhood as a semi-sustainable neighborhood must take measures for development of collective spaces and efficiency of utilizing the public neighborhood spaces via collaboration of citizens and officials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neighborhood" title="neighborhood">neighborhood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20neighborhood%20development" title=" sustainable neighborhood development"> sustainable neighborhood development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jahanshahr%20neighborhood" title=" Jahanshahr neighborhood"> Jahanshahr neighborhood</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12913/investigating-sustainable-neighborhood-development-in-jahanshahr" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12913.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">648</span> Proposed Model to Assess E-Government Readiness in Jordan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadeel%20Abdulatif">Hadeel Abdulatif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maha%20Alkhaffaf"> Maha Alkhaffaf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> E-government is the use of Information and Communication Technology to enrich the access to and delivery of government services to citizens, business partners and employees, Policy makers and regulatory bodies have to be cognizant of the degree of readiness of a populace in order to design and implement efficient e-government programs. This paper aims to provide a transparent situation analyses for the case of e-government official website in Jordan, it focuses on assessing e-government in Jordan; web site assessment by using international criteria for assessing e-government websites, However, the study analyses the environmental factor consisting of cultural and business environment factors. By reviewing the literature the researchers found that government's efforts towards e-government may vary according to the country's readiness and other key implementation factors which will lead to diverse e-government experience; thus, there is a need to study the impact of key factors to implement e-government in Jordan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-government" title="e-government">e-government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20factors" title=" environmental factors"> environmental factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=website%20assessment" title=" website assessment"> website assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=readiness" title=" readiness"> readiness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52473/proposed-model-to-assess-e-government-readiness-in-jordan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52473.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">293</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">647</span> Monitoring and Evaluation of Web-Services Quality and Medium-Term Impact on E-Government Agencies' Efficiency</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20F.%20Huseynov">A. F. Huseynov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20T.%20Mardanov"> N. T. Mardanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Y.%20Nakhchivanski"> J. Y. Nakhchivanski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This practical research is aimed to improve the management quality and efficiency of public administration agencies providing e-services. The monitoring system developed will provide continuous review of the websites compliance with the selected indicators, their evaluation based on the selected indicators and ranking of services according to the quality criteria. The responsible departments in the government agencies were surveyed; the questionnaire includes issues of management and feedback, e-services provided, and the application of information systems. By analyzing the main affecting factors and barriers, the recommendations will be given that lead to the relevant decisions to strengthen the state agencies competencies for the management and the provision of their services. Component 1. E-services monitoring system. Three separate monitoring activities are proposed to be executed in parallel: Continuous tracing of e-government sites using built-in web-monitoring program; this program generates several quantitative values which are basically related to the technical characteristics and the performance of websites. The expert assessment of e-government sites in accordance with the two general criteria. Criterion 1. Technical quality of the site. Criterion 2. Usability/accessibility (load, see, use). Each high-level criterion is in turn subdivided into several sub-criteria, such as: the fonts and the color of the background (Is it readable?), W3C coding standards, availability of the Robots.txt and the site map, the search engine, the feedback/contact and the security mechanisms. The on-line survey of the users/citizens – a small group of questions embedded in the e-service websites. The questionnaires comprise of the information concerning navigation, users’ experience with the website (whether it was positive or negative), etc. Automated monitoring of web-sites by its own could not capture the whole evaluation process, and should therefore be seen as a complement to expert’s manual web evaluations. All of the separate results were integrated to provide the complete evaluation picture. Component 2. Assessment of the agencies/departments efficiency in providing e-government services. - the relevant indicators to evaluate the efficiency and the effectiveness of e-services were identified; - the survey was conducted in all the governmental organizations (ministries, committees and agencies) that provide electronic services for the citizens or the businesses; - the quantitative and qualitative measures are covering the following sections of activities: e-governance, e-services, the feedback from the users, the information systems at the agencies’ disposal. Main results: 1. The software program and the set of indicators for internet sites evaluation has been developed and the results of pilot monitoring have been presented. 2. The evaluation of the (internal) efficiency of the e-government agencies based on the survey results with the practical recommendations related to the human potential, the information systems used and e-services provided. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-government" title="e-government">e-government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web-sites%20monitoring" title=" web-sites monitoring"> web-sites monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=survey" title=" survey"> survey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20efficiency" title=" internal efficiency"> internal efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38238/monitoring-and-evaluation-of-web-services-quality-and-medium-term-impact-on-e-government-agencies-efficiency" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38238.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">646</span> Work Life Balance Strategies and Retention of Medical Professionals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naseem%20M.%20Twaissi">Naseem M. Twaissi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Medical professionals play an important role in society, and in general, they care more about their patients than about their personal well-being. They need to take a professional approach to maintain a work-life balance. Through a collection of primary data from 1020 medical professionals and the application of relevant statistical tools, this paper explores the pressures on medical professionals with reference to their work-life balance. This study highlights how hospital management, in addition to economic reasons, needs to identify variables to enhance the work-life balance of medical professionals so that quality healthcare facilities may be provided to the citizens of Jordan. Results indicate that formulation and implementation of policies for enhancing work-life balance together with career and retention plans for medical professionals would enhance the performance of hospitals and the quality of health care in Jordan, leading to greater societal well-being. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work%20life%20balance" title="work life balance">work life balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20environment" title=" job environment"> job environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20satisfaction" title=" job satisfaction"> job satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employee%20well-being" title=" employee well-being"> employee well-being</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress" title=" stress"> stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospital%20industry" title=" hospital industry"> hospital industry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157303/work-life-balance-strategies-and-retention-of-medical-professionals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157303.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">645</span> Horizontal Dimension of Constitutional Social Rights</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monika%20Florczak-W%C4%85tor">Monika Florczak-Wątor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main purpose of this paper is to determine the applicability of the constitutional social rights in the so-called horizontal relations, i.e. the relations between private entities. Nowadays the constitutional rights are more and more often violated by private entities and not only by the state. The private entities interfere with the privacy of individuals, limit their freedom of expression or disturb their peaceful gatherings. International corporations subordinate individuals in a way which may limit their constitutional rights. These new realities determine the new role of the constitution in protecting human rights. The paper will aim at answering two important questions. Firstly, are the private entities obliged to respect the constitutional social rights of other private entities and can they be liable for violation of these rights? Secondly, how the constitutional social rights can receive horizontal effect? Answers to these questions will have a significant meaning for the popularization of the practice of applying the Constitution among the citizens as well as for the courts which settle disputes between them. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20rights" title="social rights">social rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=private%20relations" title=" private relations"> private relations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horizontality" title=" horizontality"> horizontality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constitutional%20rights" title=" constitutional rights"> constitutional rights</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14718/horizontal-dimension-of-constitutional-social-rights" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14718.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=citizens&page=8" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=citizens&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=citizens&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=citizens&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=citizens&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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