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href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-词源学" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#词源学"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>词源学</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-词源学-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-术语意涵" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#术语意涵"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>术语意涵</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-术语意涵-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相關條目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相關條目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>相關條目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相關條目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-註釋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#註釋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>註釋</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-註釋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">眾愚政治</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。50种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="حكومة الدهماء – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حكومة الدهماء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oclocracia" title="Oclocracia – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Oclocracia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxlokratiya" title="Oxlokratiya – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Oxlokratiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Ахлакратыя – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ахлакратыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Охлокрация – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Охлокрация" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="উচ্ছৃঙ্খল গণবিচার – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উচ্ছৃঙ্খল গণবিচার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oc%27hlokratiezh" title="Oc'hlokratiezh – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Oc'hlokratiezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oclocr%C3%A0cia" title="Oclocràcia – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Oclocràcia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ochlokracie" title="Ochlokracie – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ochlokracie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ochlokrati" title="Ochlokrati – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ochlokrati" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ochlokratie" title="Ochlokratie – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ochlokratie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%87%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Οχλοκρατία – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οχλοκρατία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mob_rule" title="Mob rule – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mob rule" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oclocracia" title="Oclocracia – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Oclocracia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohlokraatia" title="Ohlokraatia – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ohlokraatia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklokrazia" title="Oklokrazia – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Oklokrazia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="غوغاسالاری – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="غوغاسالاری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklokratia" title="Oklokratia – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Oklokratia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ochlocratie" title="Ochlocratie – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ochlocratie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oclocracia" title="Oclocracia – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Oclocracia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%99%D7%94" title="אוכלוקרטיה – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוכלוקרטיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohlokracija" title="Ohlokracija – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ohlokracija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ochlokr%C3%A1cia" title="Ochlokrácia – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ochlokrácia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%AD%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%AF%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Օխլոկրատիա – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օխլոկրատիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklokrasi" title="Oklokrasi – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Oklokrasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oclocrazia" title="Oclocrazia – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Oclocrazia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%86%E6%84%9A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="衆愚政治 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="衆愚政治" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ოხლოკრატია – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოხლოკრატია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Охлократия – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Охлократия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EC%9A%B0%EC%A0%95%EC%B9%98" title="중우정치 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="중우정치" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Охлократия – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Охлократия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Оклократија – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Оклократија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ochlocratie" title="Ochlocratie – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ochlocratie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklokrati" title="Oklokrati – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Oklokrati" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oclocracia" title="Oclocracia – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Oclocracia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ochlokracja" title="Ochlokracja – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ochlokracja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oclocracia" title="Oclocracia – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Oclocracia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohlocra%C8%9Bie" title="Ohlocrație – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ohlocrație" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Охлократия – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Охлократия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carca" title="Carca – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Carca" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohlokracija" title="Ohlokracija – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ohlokracija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mob_rule" title="Mob rule – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mob rule" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohlokracija" title="Ohlokracija – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ohlokracija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Охлократија – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Охлократија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B6bel" title="Pöbel – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pöbel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%8E%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88" title="กฎหมู่ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กฎหมู่" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklokrasya" title="Oklokrasya – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Oklokrasya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklokrasi" title="Oklokrasi – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Oklokrasi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Охлократія – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Охлократія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ოხლოკრატია – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ოხლოკრატია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:22.0em"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="Portal:政治">政治主題</a>的一部分</b></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#ccc; color: #000000; background: none; overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 2.5em; font-family: 'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.3; padding: 0; border-bottom: 2px solid #AAAAAA;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="民主">民主</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em; text-align:left; padding:0.2em 2em 0.2em;text-align:center;color: #000000; background: none; overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 1em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.65;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%8F%B2" title="民主史">民主史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E8%AE%BA" title="民主和平论">民主论</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddd;"> 古典形式</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em; text-align:left; padding:0.2em 2em 0.2em;text-align:center;color: #000000; background: none; overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 1em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.65;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%85%B8%E5%BC%8F%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="雅典式民主">雅典式民主</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E5%BC%8F%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="罗马式民主（页面不存在）">罗马式民主</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddd;"> 基本形式</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em; text-align:left; padding:0.2em 2em 0.2em;text-align:center;color: #000000; background: none; overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 1em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.65;"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:120%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="直接民主">直接民主</a></span><br /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="全民政治">全民政治</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%95%B0%E4%BA%BA%E6%9A%B4%E6%94%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="多数人暴政">多数人暴政</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%BD%E7%AD%BE%E5%BC%8F%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="抽签式民主">抽签式民主</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="电子民主">电子民主</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">暴民政治</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E8%AD%98%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="共識民主">共识民主</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="包容性民主" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Inclusive Democracy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%85%E5%AE%B9%E6%80%A7%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="包容性民主（页面不存在）">包容性民主</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclusive_Democracy" class="extiw" title="en:Inclusive Democracy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Inclusive Democracy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em; text-align:left; padding:0.2em 2em 0.2em;text-align:center;color: #000000; background: none; overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 1em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.65;"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:120%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%82%E4%B8%8E%E5%BC%8F%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="参与式民主">半直接民主</a></span><br /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%82%E4%B8%8E%E5%BC%8F%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="参与式民主">参与式民主</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%B1%82%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="基层民主">基层民主</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="经济民主" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economic democracy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="经济民主（页面不存在）">经济民主</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_democracy" class="extiw" title="en:Economic democracy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economic democracy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%A2%E6%A5%AD%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="產業民主">产业民主</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em; text-align:left; padding:0.2em 2em 0.2em;text-align:center;color: #000000; background: none; overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 1em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.65;"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:120%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%AD%B0%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="代議民主">间接民主</a></span><br /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%A4%B4%E6%94%BF%E4%BD%93" title="多头政体">多头政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E5%8B%95%E5%BC%8F%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="流動式民主">委任式民主</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E5%85%9A%E4%BC%98%E5%8A%BF%E5%88%B6" title="一党优势制">一党优势制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E5%85%9A%E5%88%B6%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="无党制民主">无党制民主</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%93%E6%94%BF" title="人民民主专政">人民民主专政</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6" title="自由民主制">自由民主制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E9%9B%86%E4%B8%AD%E5%88%B6" title="民主集中制">苏维埃民主</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E9%9B%86%E4%B8%AD%E5%88%B6" title="民主集中制">民主集中制</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em; text-align:left; padding:0.2em 2em 0.2em;text-align:center;color: #000000; background: none; overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 1em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.65;"> <ul><li><span style="font-size:120%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%9D%83%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="威权民主">威权民主</a></span><br /></li></ul> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E5%AF%BC%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="指导民主">指导式民主</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%81%E6%9D%83%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="极权民主">极权民主</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E7%9A%84%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="不自由的民主">不自由的民主</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddd;"> 其它形式</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em; text-align:left; padding:0.2em 2em 0.2em;text-align:center;color: #000000; background: none; overflow: hidden; page-break-after: avoid; font-size: 1em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 1.65;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%9D%83%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="主权民主">主权民主</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A9%E8%AD%B0%E5%BC%8F%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="審議式民主">审议式民主</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E8%BF%9B%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="激进民主主义">激进民主</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="社會民主主義">社会民主主义</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="宗教民主" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Religious democracy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宗教民主（页面不存在）">宗教民主</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_democracy" class="extiw" title="en:Religious democracy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Religious democracy</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="基督教民主主義">基督教民主主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="伊斯蘭民主主義">伊斯兰民主主义</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="预期民主" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Anticipatory democracy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A2%84%E6%9C%9F%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="预期民主（页面不存在）">预期民主</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticipatory_democracy" class="extiw" title="en:Anticipatory democracy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Anticipatory democracy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%9A%84%E7%A8%AE%E9%A1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="民主的種類">其他形式</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="background:#ddd;"> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Politics">政治主題頁</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Democracy" title="Template:Democracy"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Democracy" title="Template talk:Democracy"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Democracy" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Democracy"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84913072"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84913072"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84913072"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84913072"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="Portal:政治">政治主題</a>的一部分</b></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#ccc;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="政体形式列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of forms of government"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%BF%E4%BD%93%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="政体形式列表（页面不存在）">政体基本形式</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_forms_of_government" class="extiw" title="en:List of forms of government"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of forms of government</span></a></span>）</span></span></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddd;"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="社会权力基础" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="French and Raven's bases of power"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社会权力基础（页面不存在）">权力基础</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_and_Raven%27s_bases_of_power" class="extiw" title="en:French and Raven's bases of power"><span lang="en" dir="auto">French and Raven's bases of power</span></a></span>）</span></span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em; text-align:left;"> <table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="民主">民主政体</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><small><b>多数人的权力</b></small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%BD%E7%AD%BE%E5%BC%8F%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="抽签式民主">抽签民主政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="直接民主">直接民主政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6" title="自由民主制">自由民主政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%AD%B0%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="代議民主">代议民主政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="社會民主主義">社会民主政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6" title="社会主义民主制">社会主义民主政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E6%97%8F%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6" title="贵族民主制">貴族民主政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="民主制度分类">其他民主政体</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A1%E5%A4%B4%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="寡头政治">寡头政治</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><small><b>少数人的权力</b></small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E6%94%AF%E9%85%8D%E9%AB%94%E5%88%B6" title="無支配體制">无体制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E6%97%8F%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="贵族政治">贵族制政体</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="劳工统治" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ergatocracy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%B3%E5%B7%A5%E7%BB%9F%E6%B2%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="劳工统治（页面不存在）">劳工制政体</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ergatocracy" class="extiw" title="en:Ergatocracy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ergatocracy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E4%BA%BA%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="老人政治">老人制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8A%E7%9B%9C%E7%B5%B1%E6%B2%BB" title="竊盜統治">盗贼制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A4%E5%AE%98%E7%BB%9F%E6%B2%BB" title="判官统治">判官制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E6%AC%8A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="神權政治">宗教制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E6%99%BA%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A" title="心智政權">智主制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E9%BB%A8%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="政黨政治">政党制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%AC%8A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="金權政治">财阀制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E6%94%BF_(%E6%94%BF%E9%AB%94)" title="軍政 (政體)">军阀制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%93%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%9F%E6%B2%BB" title="专家统治">专家制政体</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%AC%E8%A3%81" title="独裁">独裁政治</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><small><b>一个人的权力</b></small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%93%E5%88%B6%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="专制主义">专制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%A8%E8%A3%81%E6%94%BF%E9%AB%94" title="獨裁政體">獨裁政體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E7%8D%A8%E8%A3%81" title="軍事獨裁">军事独裁政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%83%AD%E4%B8%BB" title="僭主">僭主政体</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="无政府主义">无政府主义</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><small><b>没有人的权力</b></small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E7%8B%80%E6%85%8B" title="無政府狀態">无政府政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E4%BA%BA%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E4%BD%93" title="自由人联合体">自由人政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83" title="無國家社會">无国家政体</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddd;"> 权力思想</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em; text-align:left;"> <table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="君主主義">君主制</a> 对 <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="共和主义">共和制</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><small><b>社会政治意识形态</b></small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%B0%88%E5%88%B6" title="君主專制">君主专制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E7%AB%8B%E5%AE%AA%E5%88%B6" title="君主立宪制">君主立宪政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83%E5%88%B6" title="委員會制">委员会制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%AE%B6" title="法家">法家制度政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%88%B6" title="议会共和制">议会共和政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%B6" title="总统制">总统共和政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%B6" title="半总统制">半总统制政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="社会主义国家">社会主义政体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="公司王国">金權政体</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%9D%83%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="威权主义">威权制</a> 对 <a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-disambig" title="自由意志主義">自由制</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><small><b>社会经济意识形态</b></small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="无政府主义">无政府主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="殖民主义">殖民主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="共产主义">共产主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%93%E5%88%B6%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="专制主义">专制主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="分产主义">分产主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%81%E5%BB%BA%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6_(%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2)" title="封建制度 (歐洲)">封建主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="社会主义">社会主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%B5%E6%AC%8A%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="極權主義">極權主義</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="部落主义" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tribalism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%A8%E8%90%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="部落主义（页面不存在）">部落主义</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribalism" class="extiw" title="en:Tribalism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tribalism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%B2%BB%E7%90%86" title="全球治理">全球</a> 对 <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E6%96%B9%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="地方政府">本地</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><small><b>地缘文化意识形态</b></small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E7%A4%BE" title="公社">公社</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E9%82%A6" title="城邦">城邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E9%97%B4%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="政府间组织">政府间组织</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" title="民族國家">民族政府</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="世界政府">世界政府</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="民族主义">民族主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="国际主义">国际主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="全球主義">全球主義</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddd;"> 权力结构</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding-top:0.2em; text-align:left;"> <table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center">单一主义</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E4%B8%80%E5%88%B6" title="单一制">单一制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="帝国">帝国制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%AA%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="親王國">封国制</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%9E%E5%B1%AC%E5%9C%8B" title="從屬國">从属主义</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E7%B9%AB%E9%82%A6" title="聯繫邦">聯繫邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%9E%E5%9C%B0" title="属地">属地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E9%A0%98" title="自治領">自治領</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E5%9B%BD" title="保护国">保护国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%80%E5%84%A1%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A" title="傀儡政權">傀儡国</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E8%8A%B1%E7%93%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="政治花瓶（页面不存在）">傀儡君主</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9B%BD" title="卫星国">卫星国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="自治殖民地">自治殖民地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E8%B2%A2" title="朝貢">朝贡国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%93%E5%86%B2%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="缓冲国">缓冲国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%84%E5%BA%B8%E5%9C%8B" title="附庸國">附庸國</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="副王领" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Viceroyalty"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%AF%E7%8E%8B%E9%A2%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="副王领（页面不存在）">副王领</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viceroyalty" class="extiw" title="en:Viceroyalty"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Viceroyalty</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%B0" title="領地">領地</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="联邦主义">联邦主义</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E8%81%94%E5%88%B6" title="邦联制">邦联制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E4%B8%8B%E6%94%BE" title="权力下放">权力下放制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%88%B6" title="联邦制">联邦制</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="超国家" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Superstate"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%85%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="超国家（页面不存在）">超国家制</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superstate" class="extiw" title="en:Superstate"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Superstate</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9_(%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82)" title="超國家主義 (國際關係)">超国家联盟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD" title="政合国">政合國</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B_(%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB)" title="权力 (国际关系)">国家权力</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%9C%8B" title="小國">小國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%9F%9F%E5%A4%A7%E5%9B%BD" title="地域大国">地域大国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%AD%89%E5%BC%B7%E5%9C%8B" title="中等強國">中等強國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9B%BD" title="大国">大国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%BA%A7%E5%A4%A7%E5%9B%BD" title="超级大国">超级大国</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="行政区划">行政区划</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%8B%E6%88%90%E5%9C%8B" title="構成國">構成國</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="自治共和國">自治共和國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%B8%E4%BE%AF%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="諸侯國">諸侯國</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%8B" title="公國">公國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A4%E5%88%B6%E5%9C%8B" title="令制國">令制國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8B%E9%95%BF%E5%9B%BD" title="酋长国">酋长国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="邦國">邦國</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%9E" title="州">州</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A1" title="郡">郡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%81" title="省">省</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6" class="mw-disambig" title="邦">邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="縣">縣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%82" title="市">市</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%85_(%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92)" title="厅 (行政区划)">廳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%89" class="mw-redirect" title="鄉">鄉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="鎮">鎮</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="區">區</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="自治區">自治區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%8D%80" class="mw-disambig" title="特區">特區</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%96%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="辖区">轄區</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="background:#ddd;"> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Politics">政治主題頁</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%94%BF%E4%BD%93%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F" title="Template:政体基本形式"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E6%94%BF%E4%BD%93%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F" title="Template talk:政体基本形式"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%94%BF%E4%BD%93%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:政体基本形式"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>众愚政治</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="英语">英语</a>：ochlocracy；mobocracy；<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A%E8%AF%AD" title="希腊语">希腊语</a>：ὀχλοκρατία；<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AF%AD" title="拉丁语">拉丁语</a>：ochlocratia），又譯<b>暴民政治</b>，指的是一群由<a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%B4%E6%B0%91" class="mw-disambig" title="暴民">暴民</a>，或通过对合法当局的<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%90%E5%9A%87" title="恐嚇">威嚇</a>和愚弄而形成的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A4%E7%9C%BE" title="群眾">群眾</a>來管理國家的政治狀態。 </p><p>此詞具贬义，用以來批評“多数主义”（Majoritarianism），詞義类近拉丁语「mobile vulgus」（意为「善变的人群」）；而<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E8%8D%A3%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="光荣革命">光荣革命</a>時期出現的「暴民」（英语：mob）一词，亦語源於該拉丁語詞彙。众愚政治在意义和用法上与现代的非正式术语“动员统治”同义，后者在18世纪作为口语新词出现。需要留意的是「众愚政治」與批评传统民主的「<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%95%B8%E4%BA%BA%E6%9A%B4%E6%94%BF" title="多數人暴政">多数人暴政</a>」類似但並不相同，前者中的群眾並不一定要是「多數人」。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="词源学"><span id=".E8.AF.8D.E6.BA.90.E5.AD.A6"></span>词源学</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%BE%E6%84%9A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：词源学"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>这个词最早被希腊化时期的政治家和历史学家<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%88%A9%E6%AF%94%E4%B9%8C%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="波利比乌斯">波利比乌斯</a>在其著作《<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2_(%E6%B3%A2%E5%88%A9%E6%AF%94%E7%83%8F%E6%96%AF)" title="歷史 (波利比烏斯)">历史</a>》中使用，用来描述一种“病态”的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E7%B2%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="民粹">大众统治</a>，与常态的正常运作的民主政体（democracy）相对应。<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 犹太教经典文献《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E6%9C%A8%E5%BE%B7" title="塔木德">塔木德</a>》中曾多次使用“ochlos”这个词（此处“ochlos”泛指从“暴徒”，“民众”到“武装警卫”的一切东西）。《塔木德》的评注书《<a href="/wiki/Rashi" class="mw-redirect" title="Rashi">Rashi</a>》中也有类似用法。 1584年，这个词从法语的“ochlocratie”被转写成英语。而这个法语词汇则源自古希腊语的“okhlokratia”，由 okhlos（意为“暴徒”）和 kratos（意为“规则，权力，力量”）构成。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="术语意涵"><span id=".E6.9C.AF.E8.AF.AD.E6.84.8F.E6.B6.B5"></span>术语意涵</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%BE%E6%84%9A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：术语意涵"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>古希腊<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="政治哲學">政治哲學</a>家認為，政治体制有三种“坏”形式：暴君制/僭主制、寡头制、暴民制/平民制，分别对应三种“好”政体：君主制、贵族制、民主制/共和制。（注：国内对六种政体名称的翻译较为混乱，可能会产生误解。）他们区分“好”、“坏”的方式，则根据政府形式，“好”是为整个社会的利益，“坏”是为一个团体或个人的私人利益而牺牲正义。 “ochlocrat”可以指支持或（盲目）拥护众愚政治的人。可作形容词，等于 ochlocratic 或 ochlocratical 。 </p><p><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83946278">.mw-parser-output .template-facttext{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color:inherit;margin:-.3em 0;padding:.3em 0}</style><mark class="template-facttext" title="需要提供文献来源">“暴民统治”的威胁来自于以下观点：民主政治应当立法保障<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%91%E6%95%B0%E7%BE%A4%E4%BD%93" title="少数群体">少数群体</a>或个人的利益，而暴民统治中，它们被短期煽动和道德恐慌所取代。</mark><sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="来源请求。">[來源請求]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相關條目"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C.E6.A2.9D.E7.9B.AE"></span>相關條目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%BE%E6%84%9A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：相關條目"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%95%B8%E4%BA%BA%E6%9A%B4%E6%94%BF" title="多數人暴政">多數人暴政</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%B4%E8%AB%B8%E7%BE%A4%E7%9C%BE" title="訴諸群眾">訴諸群眾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A4%E7%9C%BE%E5%B0%88%E6%94%BF" title="群眾專政">群眾專政</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E7%B2%B9%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="民粹主義">民粹主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="无政府主义">無政府主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%9E%E7%9C%BE%E6%95%88%E6%87%89" title="從眾效應">從眾效應</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%89%E9%BB%98%E7%9A%84%E8%9E%BA%E6%97%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="沉默的螺旋">沉默的螺旋</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="註釋"><span id=".E8.A8.BB.E9.87.8B"></span>註釋</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%BE%E6%84%9A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：註釋"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Plb.+6.4&fromdoc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0234">Polybius, Histories, book 6, The Rotation of Polities</a>. www.perseus.tufts.edu. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-06-05</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210225064741/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text.jsp?doc=Plb.+6.4&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0234">存档</a>于2021-02-25）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%9C%BE%E6%84%9A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB&rft.atitle=Polybius%2C+Histories%2C+book+6%2C+The+Rotation+of+Polities&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.perseus.tufts.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext.jsp%3Fdoc%3DPlb.%2B6.4%26fromdoc%3DPerseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0234&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%BE%E6%84%9A%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80540462">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erik_von_Kuehnelt-Leddihn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn（页面不存在）">Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn</a> (under <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudonym&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudonym（页面不存在）">pseudonym</a> Francis Stuart Campbell), <i>The Menace of the Herd</i>, The Bruce Publishing Company, Milwaukee, 1943.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E8%8B%8F%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%B8%95%E8%BF%AA%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%B0%94%E9%9F%A6%E6%96%AF" title="赫苏斯·帕迪利亚·加尔韦斯">Jesús Padilla Gálvez</a>, Democracy in Times of Ochlocracy, <i>Synthesis philosophica</i>, Vol. 32 No. 1, 2017, pp. 167–178.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://hrcak.srce.hr/190389">[1]</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20171224042438/http://hrcak.srce.hr/190389">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=ochlocracy&searchmode=none">EtymologyOnLine</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20170204152923/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=ochlocracy&searchmode=none">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=眾愚政治&oldid=83750800">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=眾愚政治&oldid=83750800</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" 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