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<span>Definition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fisica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fisica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Fisica</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fisica-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Fisica subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Fisica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Undes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Undes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Undes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Undes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rapiditá" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rapiditá"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Rapiditá</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rapiditá-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nivelle_de_sonic_pression" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nivelle_de_sonic_pression"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Nivelle de sonic pression</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nivelle_de_sonic_pression-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Perception</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Perception-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Perception subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Perception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Altesse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altesse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Altesse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altesse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Duration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Duration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Duration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Duration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fortesse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fortesse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Fortesse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fortesse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Timbre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Timbre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Timbre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Timbre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Textura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Textura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Textura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Textura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spacial_location" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spacial_location"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Spacial location</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spacial_location-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ultrason" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ultrason"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ultrason</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ultrason-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrason" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrason"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Infrason</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infrason-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vide_anc" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vide_anc"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Vide anc</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vide_anc-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Referenties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contenetes" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Son</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 150 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-150" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">150 lingues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klank" title="Klank – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Klank" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schall" title="Schall – swiss-aleman" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Schall" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="swiss-aleman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%B5%E1%88%9D%E1%8C%BD" title="ድምጽ – amharesi" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ድምጽ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soniu" title="Soniu – aragonesi" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Soniu" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sw%C4%93g" title="Swēg – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Swēg" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%AA" title="صوت – arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صوت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A9%DC%A0%DC%90_(%DC%A8%DC%98%DC%AC%DC%90)" title="ܩܠܐ (ܨܘܬܐ) – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܩܠܐ (ܨܘܬܐ)" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%AA" title="صوت – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="صوت" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%AA" title="صوت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="صوت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6" title="শব্দ – assamesi" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="শব্দ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Son%C3%ADu" title="Soníu – asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Soníu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C9%99s" title="Səs – azerbaidjanesi" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Səs" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidjanesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B3" title="سس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Тауыш – bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Тауыш" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schoi" title="Schoi – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Schoi" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garsos" title="Garsos – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Garsos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanog" title="Tanog – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tanog" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Гук – bieloruss" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гук" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bieloruss" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Гук – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гук" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Звук – bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Звук" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6" title="শব্দ – bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="শব্দ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B2%E0%BC%8B" title="སྒྲ་ – tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྒྲ་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvuk" title="Zvuk – bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Zvuk" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%8F%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Абяан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Абяан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/So" title="So – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="So" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%86%DA%AF" title="دەنگ – central kurd" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەنگ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="central kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvuk" title="Zvuk – tchec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zvuk" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%C4%83" title="Сасă – chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сасă" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sain_(ffiseg)" title="Sain (ffiseg) – vallesi" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sain (ffiseg)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="vallesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyd" title="Lyd – danesi" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Lyd" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schall" title="Schall – german" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schall" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="german" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veng" title="Veng – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Veng" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%89%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Ήχος – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ήχος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound" title="Sound – anglesi" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sound" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sono" title="Sono – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonido" title="Sonido – hispan" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sonido" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heli" title="Heli – estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Heli" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soinu" title="Soinu – basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Soinu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Son" title="Son – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Son" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="صدا – persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="صدا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84%C3%A4ni" title="Ääni – finn" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ääni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hel%C3%BC" title="Helü – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Helü" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rorogo" title="Rorogo – fidjian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Rorogo" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fidjian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Son_(physique)" title="Son (physique) – francesi" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Son (physique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gel%C3%BC%C3%BCt" title="Gelüüt – nord-frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Gelüüt" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nord-frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BBd" title="Lûd – west-frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Lûd" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="west-frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuaim" title="Fuaim – irlandesi" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fuaim" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%81%B2%E6%B0%A3" title="聲氣 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="聲氣" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Son_(fyzik)" title="Son (fyzik) – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Son (fyzik)" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Son" title="Son – galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Son" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pu" title="Pu – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Pu" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avaz" title="Avaz – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Avaz" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauti" title="Sauti – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Sauti" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A2ng-y%C3%AEm" title="Sâng-yîm – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sâng-yîm" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C" title="קול – hebreic" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קול" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF" title="ध्वनि – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ध्वनि" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awaaj" title="Awaaj – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Awaaj" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvuk" title="Zvuk – croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zvuk" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Son_(fizik)" title="Son (fizik) – haitian creol" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Son (fizik)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitian creol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hang" title="Hang – hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hang" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%81%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B6" title="Ձայն – armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ձայն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%81%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B6" title="Ձայն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ձայն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sono" title="Sono – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Sono" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunyi" title="Bunyi – indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bunyi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni" title="Uni – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Uni" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sono" title="Sono – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sono" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hlj%C3%B3%C3%B0" title="Hljóð – islandesi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hljóð" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suono" title="Suono – italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Suono" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9F%B3" title="音 – japanesi" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="音" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song" title="Song – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Song" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/sance" title="sance – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="sance" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uni" title="Uni – javan" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Uni" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ბგერა – georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბგერა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1khwom" title="A̱khwom – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱khwom" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%81" title="Дыбыс – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Дыбыс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A6" title="ಶಬ್ದ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಶಬ್ದ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EB%A6%AC" title="소리 – korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="소리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deng" title="Deng – kurdesi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Deng" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonus_(physica)" title="Sonus (physica) – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sonus (physica)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geluid" title="Geluid – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Geluid" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garsas" title="Garsas – lituan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Garsas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ska%C5%86a" title="Skaņa – lettonian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Skaņa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Вайгялькс – mokshan" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Вайгялькс" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokshan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feo_(fizika)" title="Feo (fizika) – malgachic" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Feo (fizika)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgachic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunyi" title="Bunyi – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bunyi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Звук – macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Звук" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%82" title="ശബ്ദം – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ശബ്ദം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D1%83" title="Дуу – mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Дуу" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C_(%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80)" title="आवाज (ध्वनी) – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आवाज (ध्वनी)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunyi" title="Bunyi – malayesi" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bunyi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonido" title="Sonido – mirandesi" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Sonido" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9E%E1%80%B6" title="အသံ – birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အသံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Эне – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Эне" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF" title="ध्वनि – nepalesi" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ध्वनि" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%83" title="सः – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सः" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geluid" title="Geluid – hollandesi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Geluid" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollandesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyd" title="Lyd – neo-norvegian" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Lyd" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="neo-norvegian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyd" title="Lyd – norvegian, bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lyd" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegian, bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Son" title="Son – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Son" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagalee" title="Sagalee – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Sagalee" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B6%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A6_(%E0%AC%A7%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%B1%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%BF)" title="ଶବ୍ଦ (ଧ୍ୱନି) – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଶବ୍ଦ (ଧ୍ୱନି)" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A7%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80" title="ਧੁਨੀ – pandjabic" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਧੁਨੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandjabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BAwi%C4%99k" title="Dźwięk – polonesi" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dźwięk" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Son" title="Son – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Son" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="آواز – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آواز" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%DA%96" title="غږ – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="غږ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Som" title="Som – portugalesi" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Som" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruqyay" title="Ruqyay – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Ruqyay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunet" title="Sunet – rumanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sunet" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rsk mw-list-item"><a href="https://rsk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Звук – Pannonian Rusyn" lang="rsk" hreflang="rsk" data-title="Звук" data-language-autonym="Руски" data-language-local-name="Pannonian Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Руски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Звук – russ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Звук" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Звук – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Звук" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%83" title="शब्दः – sanscrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="शब्दः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanscrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%80%D2%95%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Дорҕоон – yakutan" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Дорҕоон" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="yakutan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B0%E1%B1%AE" title="ᱥᱟᱰᱮ – santalesi" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱟᱰᱮ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santalesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soond" title="Soond – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Soond" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="آواز – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="آواز" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvuk" title="Zvuk – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Zvuk" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%81%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%BA" title="ශබ්දය – sinhalesi" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ශබ්දය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="sinhalesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound" title="Sound – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sound" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvuk" title="Zvuk – slovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zvuk" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zvok" title="Zvok – slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Zvok" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tingulli" title="Tingulli – albanesi" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Tingulli" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Звук – serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Звук" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sora" title="Sora – sundan" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Sora" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ljud" title="Ljud – sved" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ljud" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sved" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauti" title="Sauti – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sauti" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klang" title="Klang – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Klang" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF" title="ஒலி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஒலி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF" title="ధ్వని – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ధ్వని" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87" title="เสียง – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เสียง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunog" title="Tunog – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Tunog" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ses" title="Ses – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ses" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mpfumawulo" title="Mpfumawulo – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Mpfumawulo" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chongo" title="Chongo – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Chongo" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BD_(%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Үн (Физика) – tuvan" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Үн (Физика)" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Звук – ukrainan" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Звук" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2" title="آواز – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آواز" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tovush" title="Tovush – uzbec" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Tovush" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B3n" title="Són – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Són" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulund" title="Kulund – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kulund" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%82m_thanh" title="Âm thanh – vietnamesi" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Âm thanh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tingog" title="Tingog – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tingog" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A3%B0%E9%9F%B3" title="声音 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="声音" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%92" title="קלאנג – yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קלאנג" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geluud" title="Geluud – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Geluud" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A3%B0%E9%9F%B3" title="声音 – chinesi" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="声音" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sia%E2%81%BF-im" title="Siaⁿ-im – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Siaⁿ-im" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%81%B2" title="聲 – cantonesi" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="聲" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umsindo" title="Umsindo – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Umsindo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11461#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redacter interlingual ligamentes" class="wbc-editpage">Redacter ligamentes</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spacies nominal"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Son" title="Vider li articul [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Articul</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussion:Son&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion pri li articul. 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id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&printable=yes" title="Printabil version de ti-ci págine [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printabil version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In altri projectes </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sound" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11461" title="Ligament a conexet articul del depositoria de data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-topicon-Vorlage_Lesenswert" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="noprint"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bon_articul" title="Ti articul es un bon Articul"><img alt="Ti articul es un bon Articul" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Quality_images_logo.svg/25px-Quality_images_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Quality_images_logo.svg/38px-Quality_images_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Quality_images_logo.svg/50px-Quality_images_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="164" data-file-height="142" /></a></span></div></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ie" dir="ltr"><div style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 1em; overflow:hidden;"> <table class="notice noprint toc" id="{{{id}}}" style="background: {{{backgroundcolor}}}; border-color: {{{bordercolor}}}; width: 100%; color:var(--color-base, #202122)"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color: {{{color}}}; width: 5px"> </td> <td style="width: 18px"> </td> <td><i><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Quality_images_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Quality_images_logo.svg/25px-Quality_images_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Quality_images_logo.svg/38px-Quality_images_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Quality_images_logo.svg/50px-Quality_images_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="164" data-file-height="142" /></a></span> <big>Li articul <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Son</a></b> es desde li <b>22-im de septembre 2023</b> un bon articul.</big> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bon_articul" title="Wikipedia:Bon articul">Omni bon Articules</a></i> </td> <td style="width: 10px"> </td> <td style="background-color: {{{color}}}; width: 5px"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thoth08BigasDrumEvansChalmette.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Thoth08BigasDrumEvansChalmette.jpg/300px-Thoth08BigasDrumEvansChalmette.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Thoth08BigasDrumEvansChalmette.jpg/450px-Thoth08BigasDrumEvansChalmette.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Thoth08BigasDrumEvansChalmette.jpg/600px-Thoth08BigasDrumEvansChalmette.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="2816" /></a><figcaption>Un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tambur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tambur (págine ne existe)">tambur</a> fa son usant un vibrant <a href="/w/index.php?title=Membrane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Membrane (págine ne existe)">membrane</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Fisica" title="Fisica">fisica</a>, <b>son</b> es un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vibration&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vibration (págine ne existe)">vibration</a> que propaga quam un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Acustic_unde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acustic unde (págine ne existe)">acustic unde</a>, per un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmissional_medie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transmissional medie (págine ne existe)">transmissional medie</a> quam un <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liquide" title="Liquide">liquide</a>, o <a href="/wiki/Solide" title="Solide">solide</a>. In human <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fisiologie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fisiologie (págine ne existe)">fisiologie</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Psicologie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psicologie (págine ne existe)">psicologie</a>, son es li <i>reception</i> de tal undes e lor <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perception&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perception (págine ne existe)">perception</a></i> per li <a href="/wiki/Cerebre" title="Cerebre">cerebre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sol sonic undes que have <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frequentie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frequentie (págine ne existe)">frequenties</a> inter circa 20 Hz e 20 kHz, li range de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Audial_frequentie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Audial frequentie (págine ne existe)">audial frequentie</a>, educte un auditori percept in homes. In aere a atmosferic pression, tis representa sonic undes con <a href="/w/index.php?title=Longore_de_unde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Longore de unde (págine ne existe)">longores</a> de 17 metres a 1.7 cm. Son undes super 20 <a href="/w/index.php?title=KHz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KHz (págine ne existe)">kHz</a> es nominat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultrason&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ultrason (págine ne existe)">ultrason</a> e ne es audibil to homes. Sonic undes sub 20 Hz es nominat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Infrason&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Infrason (págine ne existe)">infrason</a>. Diferent species de animales have variant <a href="/w/index.php?title=Audial_range&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Audial range (págine ne existe)">audial ranges</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Acustica">Acustica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redacter section: Acustica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Acustica"><span>redacter fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acustica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acustica (págine ne existe)">Acustica</a> es li interdisciplinari <a href="/wiki/Scientie" title="Scientie">scientie</a> que studia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecanic_unde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mecanic unde (págine ne existe)">mecanic undes</a> in gases, liquides, e solides, includente <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vibration&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vibration (págine ne existe)">vibration</a>, son, ultrason, e infrason. </p><p>Aplications de acustica es trovat in presc omni areas de modern societé, subdisciplines include <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aeroacustica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aeroacustica (págine ne existe)">aeroacustica</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Audial_signale_formation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Audial signale formation (págine ne existe)">audial signale formation</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Architectural_acustica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Architectural acustica (págine ne existe)">architectural acustica</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bioacustica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bioacustica (págine ne existe)">bioacustica</a>, electro-acustica, vicinal <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brue (págine ne existe)">brue</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musical_acustica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musical acustica (págine ne existe)">musical acustica</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruic_control&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bruic control (págine ne existe)">bruic control</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Psichoacustica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psichoacustica (págine ne existe)">psichoacustica</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parlada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parlada (págine ne existe)">parlada</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultrason&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ultrason (págine ne existe)">ultrason</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Subaquatic_acustica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Subaquatic acustica (págine ne existe)">subaquatic acustica</a>, e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vibration&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vibration (págine ne existe)">vibration</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition">Definition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redacter section: Definition" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Definition"><span>redacter fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Son es definat quam "(a) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oscillation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oscillation (págine ne existe)">Oscillation</a> in pression, tension, particulal deplazzement, particulal velocitá, etc., propagat in un medie con intern forties (p.ex., elastic o viscosi), o li superposition de tal propagat oscillation. (b) Auditori sensationes evocat per li oscillation descrit in (a)."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Son posse esser videt quam un undic motion in aere o altri elastic medies. In ti casu, son es un stimul. Son anc posse esser videt como un excitation del audial mecanisme que resulta in li perception de son. In ti casu, son es un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sensu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sensu (págine ne existe)">sensation</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fisica">Fisica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redacter section: Fisica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Fisica"><span>redacter fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Son posse propagar tra un medie quam aere, aqua, e solides quam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Longitudinal_unde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Longitudinal unde (págine ne existe)">longitudinal undes</a> e anc quam un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transversal_unde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transversal unde (págine ne existe)">transversal unde</a> in un <a href="/wiki/Solide" title="Solide">solide</a>. Li sonic undes es generat per un sonic fonte, quam li vibrant <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diafragma_(acustica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diafragma (acustica) (págine ne existe)">diafragma</a> de un electronic parlator. Li sonic font crea vibrationes in li circumdant medie. Durante que li fonte continua vibrar li medie, li vibrationes propaga ex li fonte al <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rapidit%C3%A1_de_son&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rapiditá de son (págine ne existe)">rapiditá de son</a>, talmen formar li sonic unde. A un regulat distantie fro li fonte, li <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pressio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pressio (págine ne existe)">pressio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Velocit%C3%A1" title="Velocitá">velocitá</a>, e deplazzement del medie varia per témpor. A un instante de témpor, li pression, velocitá, e deplazzement varia in spacie. Nota que li particules del medie ne propaga con li sonic unde. Durante propagation, undes posse esser <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflection_(fisica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reflection (fisica) (págine ne existe)">reflectet</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Refraction&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Refraction (págine ne existe)">refractet</a>, o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Atenuation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atenuation (págine ne existe)">atenuat</a> per li medie.<sup id="cite_ref-JHU_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JHU-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sonic propagation es afectet generalmen per tri conditiones: </p> <ul><li>Un complex relation inter li <a href="/w/index.php?title=Densit%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Densitá (págine ne existe)">densitá</a> e pression del medie. Ti relation, afectet per temperatura, determina li rapiditá de son intra li medie.</li> <li>Motion del medie self. Si li medie es movent, ti movement mey cresce o decresce li absolut rapiditá del sonic unde, dependent sur li direction del movement. Por exemple, son movent tra vente va haver su rapiditá de propagation cresce per li ventic rapiditá si li son e vente move in li sam direction. Si li son e vente move in contrari directiones, li rapiditá del sonic unde va decrescer per li rapiditá del vente.</li> <li>Li viscositá del medie. Li <a href="/w/index.php?title=Viscosit%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viscositá (págine ne existe)">viscositá</a> determina li rate a quel li son es atenuat. Por multi medies, quam aere o aqua, atenuation causat per viscositá es negligibil.</li></ul> <p>Quande son move tra un medie que ne have constant fisic proprietas, it posse esser refractet (o disperset o focat).<sup id="cite_ref-JHU_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JHU-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Li mecanic vibrationes que posse esser interpretat quam son posse propaga tra omni <a href="/wiki/Statu_de_materie" title="Statu de materie">formes de materie</a>: gases, liquides, solides, e <a href="/wiki/Plasma_(fisica)" title="Plasma (fisica)">plasmas</a>. Li materie que suporta li son es nominat li <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transmission_medie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transmission medie (págine ne existe)">medie</a>. Son ne posse propaga tra un <a href="/wiki/Vacuo" title="Vacuo">vacuo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Undes">Undes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redacter section: Undes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Undes"><span>redacter fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Son es transmisset per gases, plasma, e liquides quam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Longitudinal_unde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Longitudinal unde (págine ne existe)">longitudinal undes</a>, anc nominat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Compression_(fisic)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Compression (fisic) (págine ne existe)">compressional</a> undes. It besona un medie por propagar. In solides, tamen, son posse be transmisset quam ambi longitudinal undes e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transversal_unde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transversal unde (págine ne existe)">transversal undes</a>. Longitudinal son undes es undes of alternant deviationes de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pression&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pression (págine ne existe)">pression</a> del <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecanic_equilibrie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mecanic equilibrie (págine ne existe)">equilibrial</a> pression, que causa local regiones de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Compression_(physical)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Compression (physical) (págine ne existe)">compression</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rarefaction&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rarefaction (págine ne existe)">rarefaction</a>, ma <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transversal_unde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transversal unde (págine ne existe)">transversal undes</a> (in solides) es undes de alternant <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tension_tondemental&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tension tondemental (págine ne existe)">tension tondemental</a> a un rect angul al direction de propagation. </p><p>Son undes mey esser videt con parabolic spegules e objectes que fa son.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Li energie portat per un sonic unde oscilla inter li potential energie del extra <a href="/w/index.php?title=Compression_(physical)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Compression (physical) (págine ne existe)">compression</a> (in li casu de longitudinal undes) o lateral deplazzement <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deformation_axial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deformation axial (págine ne existe)">deformation axial</a> (in li casu de transversal undes) del materie, e li kinetic energie del deplazzemental velocita del particules del medie. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Elements_of_Sound_jpg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/The_Elements_of_Sound_jpg.jpg/220px-The_Elements_of_Sound_jpg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/The_Elements_of_Sound_jpg.jpg/330px-The_Elements_of_Sound_jpg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/The_Elements_of_Sound_jpg.jpg/440px-The_Elements_of_Sound_jpg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="424" /></a><figcaption>Un 'pression sur témpor' graf de a 20 ms registration del ton de un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Clarinette&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clarinette (págine ne existe)">clarinette</a> demonstra li du fundamental elementes de son: pression e témpor.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sine_waves_different_frequencies.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Sine_waves_different_frequencies.svg/220px-Sine_waves_different_frequencies.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Sine_waves_different_frequencies.svg/330px-Sine_waves_different_frequencies.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Sine_waves_different_frequencies.svg/440px-Sine_waves_different_frequencies.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="150" /></a><figcaption>Sones posse esser representat quam un mixtura de lor component <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinal_unde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinal unde (págine ne existe)">Sinusoidal undes</a> de diferent frequenties. Li fundic undes have plu alt frequenties quam tis super. Li horizontal axe representa témpor.</figcaption></figure> <p>Hay multi complexitas relatent al transmission de sones, al punctu de reception (p.ex., li oreles), son posse esser divider ad-in du simplic elementes: pression e témpor. Ti fundamental elementes forma li base de omni sonic undes. Ili posse esser usat de descrir, in absolut términos, omni sones noi audi. </p><p>Sonic <a href="/w/index.php?title=Unde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unde (págine ne existe)">undes</a> sovente es simplificat a un descrition in términos de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinal_unde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinal unde (págine ne existe)">sinusoidal</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planal_unces&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planal unces (págine ne existe)">planal uncess</a>, que es caracterisat per ti generic proprietas: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frequentie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frequentie (págine ne existe)">Frequentie</a>, o su inversi, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Longore_de_unde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Longore de unde (págine ne existe)">longore de unde</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amplore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amplore (págine ne existe)">Amplore</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonic_pression&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sonic pression (págine ne existe)">sonic pression</a>, o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonic_intensit%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sonic intensitá (págine ne existe)">intensitá</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rapidit%C3%A1_de_son&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rapiditá de son (págine ne existe)">Rapiditá de son</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Direction_(geometrie,_geografie)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Direction (geometrie, geografie) (págine ne existe)">Direction</a></li></ul> <p>Son que es perceptibil per homes have frequenties de circa 20 Hz a 20,000 Hz. In aere a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Standard_temperatura_e_pression&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Standard temperatura e pression (págine ne existe)">standard temperatura e pression</a>, li corespondent longores de son undes rangea de 17 metres a 17 millimetres. Quelcvez rapiditá e direction es combinat as un <a href="/wiki/Velocit%C3%A1" title="Velocitá">velocitá</a>; undic numere e direction es combinat quam un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Undic_vectore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Undic vectore (págine ne existe)">undic vectore</a>. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transversal_undes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transversal undes (págine ne existe)">Transversal undess</a> have li additional proprietá, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polarisation_(undes)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polarisation (undes) (págine ne existe)">polarisation</a></i>, e ne es un trate de sonic undes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rapiditá"><span id="Rapidit.C3.A1"></span>Rapiditá</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redacter section: Rapiditá" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Rapiditá"><span>redacter fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FA-18_Hornet_breaking_sound_barrier_(7_July_1999)_-_filtered.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/FA-18_Hornet_breaking_sound_barrier_%287_July_1999%29_-_filtered.jpg/250px-FA-18_Hornet_breaking_sound_barrier_%287_July_1999%29_-_filtered.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/FA-18_Hornet_breaking_sound_barrier_%287_July_1999%29_-_filtered.jpg/330px-FA-18_Hornet_breaking_sound_barrier_%287_July_1999%29_-_filtered.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/FA-18_Hornet_breaking_sound_barrier_%287_July_1999%29_-_filtered.jpg/500px-FA-18_Hornet_breaking_sound_barrier_%287_July_1999%29_-_filtered.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>U.S. Flotte <a href="/w/index.php?title=F/A-18_Hornet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F/A-18 Hornet (págine ne existe)">F/A-18</a> aproxima se li rapiditá de son. Li blanc nimbe es format per condensat guttetas de aqua causat per un cade in li pression circum li aeroplane.<sup id="cite_ref-nasa_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasa-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Li rapiditá de son depende sur li medie tra quel undes propaga, e it es un fundamental proprietá del materiale. Li prim significant eforti del mesuration del rapiditá de son esset fat per <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a>. Il credet li rapiditá de son in un particulari substantie es egal al radica quadratic del pression actent sur it dividet per su densitá: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c={\sqrt {\frac {p}{\rho }}}.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>c</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mfrac> <mi>p</mi> <mi>ρ</mi> </mfrac> </msqrt> </mrow> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c={\sqrt {\frac {p}{\rho }}}.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1a07457de3f68d8624464d94b60bbbbb9a5f17cc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.838ex; width:9.114ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c={\sqrt {\frac {p}{\rho }}}.}" /></span></dd></dl> <p>To esset monstrat esser incorect subsequentmen, e li francesi matematico <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre-Simon_Laplace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre-Simon Laplace (págine ne existe)">Laplace</a> corectet li formul per deducte que li fenomeno de sonic propagation ne es isotermal, quam Newton pensat, ma <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transformation_adiabatic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transformation adiabatic (págine ne existe)">adiabatic</a>. Il addit altri factore al equation — <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proportion_de_capacit%C3%A1_termic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proportion de capacitá termic (págine ne existe)"><i>gamma</i></a>—e multiplica <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {\gamma }}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mi>γ</mi> </msqrt> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt {\gamma }}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7a6b1d2df90a99119a720bc58364442839fb7425" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.171ex; width:3.198ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {\gamma }}}" /></span> per <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {p/\rho }}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi>ρ</mi> </msqrt> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt {p/\rho }}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/3e213920a70e7b9878a5ba40ef443c044006bab9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:5.858ex; height:4.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\sqrt {p/\rho }}}" /></span>, talmen obtener li equation: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c={\sqrt {\gamma \cdot p/\rho }}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>c</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mi>γ</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi>ρ</mi> </msqrt> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c={\sqrt {\gamma \cdot p/\rho }}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/77a6d43c0f3de4ee131a0fc1a0a7c0984692c677" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:12.904ex; height:4.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c={\sqrt {\gamma \cdot p/\rho }}}" /></span>. Pro que <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle K=\gamma \cdot p}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>K</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>γ</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mi>p</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle K=\gamma \cdot p}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e00522891b3d5da685e0806ded0b94e775c448cd" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:9.275ex; height:2.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle K=\gamma \cdot p}" /></span>, li final equation deveni <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c={\sqrt {K/\rho }}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>c</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mi>ρ</mi> </msqrt> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c={\sqrt {K/\rho }}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/9e2d7ce02ca3ae69204b70c149beec25f5c8aee0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:10.859ex; height:4.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c={\sqrt {K/\rho }}}" /></span>, quel anc es savet quam li Newton–Laplace equation. In ti equation, <i>K</i> es li elastic module de compressibilitá, <i>c</i> es li rapiditá de son, e <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \rho }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>ρ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \rho }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1f7d439671d1289b6a816e6af7a304be40608d64" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:1.202ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \rho }" /></span> es li densitá. Talmen, li rapiditá de son es proportational al <a href="/w/index.php?title=Radica_quadratic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radica quadratic (págine ne existe)">radica quadratic</a> del <a href="/w/index.php?title=Module_de_compressibilit%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Module de compressibilitá (págine ne existe)">module de compressibilitá</a> del medie dividet per su densitá. </p><p>Ti proprietas fisic e li rapiditá de son changea con circumdant conditiones. Por exemple, li rapiditá de son in gases depende sur temperatura. In 20 C aere al nivelle del mare, li rapiditá de son es proxim 343 m/s. In plu densi substanties, rapiditá es anc plu grand. In dulci aqua, li rapiditá de son es circa 1482 m/s, ma in <a href="/wiki/Stal" title="Stal">stal</a>, it es 5960 m/s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nivelle_de_sonic_pression">Nivelle de sonic pression</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redacter section: Nivelle de sonic pression" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Nivelle de sonic pression"><span>redacter fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonic_pression&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sonic pression (págine ne existe)">Sonic pression</a></i> es li diferentie, in un dat medie, inter li medial local pression e li pression in li sonic unde. Un quadrat de ti diferentie es usualmen mediat sur témpor e/o spacie, e un radica quadratic de to da un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Medio_quadratic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medio quadratic (págine ne existe)">medio quadratic</a>. Pro que li human orel posse detecter sones de un larg range de amplores, sonic pression sovente es mesurat quam un nivelle sur un logaritmic scale de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Decibel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Decibel (págine ne existe)">decibeles</a>. Li <i>nivelle de sonic pression</i> (SPL) or <i>L</i><sub>p</sub> es definit quam </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle L_{\mathrm {p} }=10\,\log _{10}\left({\frac {{p}^{2}}{{p_{\mathrm {ref} }}^{2}}}\right)=20\,\log _{10}\left({\frac {p}{p_{\mathrm {ref} }}}\right){\mbox{ dB}}\,}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>10</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace> <msub> <mi>log</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>10</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>⁡</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">f</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>20</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace> <msub> <mi>log</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>10</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>⁡</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mi>p</mi> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">f</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext> dB</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle L_{\mathrm {p} }=10\,\log _{10}\left({\frac {{p}^{2}}{{p_{\mathrm {ref} }}^{2}}}\right)=20\,\log _{10}\left({\frac {p}{p_{\mathrm {ref} }}}\right){\mbox{ dB}}\,}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/433869a733dc250e0f1eed343b89fbd4ba0798d0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:45.071ex; height:6.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle L_{\mathrm {p} }=10\,\log _{10}\left({\frac {{p}^{2}}{{p_{\mathrm {ref} }}^{2}}}\right)=20\,\log _{10}\left({\frac {p}{p_{\mathrm {ref} }}}\right){\mbox{ dB}}\,}" /></span></dd></dl> <dl><dd>u <i>p</i> es li <a href="/w/index.php?title=Medio_quadratic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medio quadratic (págine ne existe)">medio quadratic</a> del sonic pression e <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p_{\mathrm {ref} }}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">f</mi> </mrow> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p_{\mathrm {ref} }}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/56ae2d6d00469bc21c0c0b2737f61aef7377d3e9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:3.477ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p_{\mathrm {ref} }}" /></span> es un <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Referential_sonic_pression&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Referential sonic pression (págine ne existe)">referential sonic pression</a></i>.</dd></dl> <p>Comunmen usat referential son pressiones, definit in li standard <a href="/w/index.php?title=American_National_Standards_Institute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American National Standards Institute (págine ne existe)">ANSI</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=ANSI_S1.1-1994&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ANSI S1.1-1994 (págine ne existe)">S1.1-1994</a>, es 20 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Micropascal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Micropascal (págine ne existe)">µPa</a> in aere e 1 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Micropascal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Micropascal (págine ne existe)">µPa</a> in aqua. Sin un specificat referentie de sonic pression, un valore expresset in decibeles ne posse representar un nivelle de sonic pression. </p><p>Pro que li human orel ne have un constant <a href="/w/index.php?title=Responsivit%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Responsivitá (págine ne existe)">spectral response</a>, sonic pressiones sovente es scalat per <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frequentie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frequentie (págine ne existe)">frequentie</a> por que li mesurat nivelle egala li nivelles perceptet plu proximen. Li <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Electrotechnic_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Electrotechnic Commission (págine ne existe)">International Electrotechnic Commission</a> (IEC) ha definit pluri schemas de scalante. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perception">Perception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redacter section: Perception" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Perception"><span>redacter fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Un distint usu del termino <i>son</i> de su usu in fisica es que de fisiologie e psichologie, u <i>son</i> refere al perception per li cerebre. Li campe de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Psichoacustica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psichoacustica (págine ne existe)">psichoacustica</a> es dedicat a tal studies. </p><p>Li fisic reception de son in un audint organisme es limitat a un range de frequenties. Homes normalmen audi sonic frequenties inter circa 20 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hertz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hertz (págine ne existe)">Hz</a> e 20,000 Hz (20 <a href="/w/index.php?title=KHz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KHz (págine ne existe)">kHz</a>), e li plu alt limite decresce con age.<sup id="cite_ref-Olson1967_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Olson1967-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avise:Rp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avise:Rp (págine ne existe)">Avise:Rp</a> Quelcvez <i>son</i> significa solmen ti vibrationes con <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frequenties&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frequenties (págine ne existe)">frequenties</a> que es intra li <a href="/w/index.php?title=Audial_range&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Audial range (págine ne existe)">audial range</a> por homes<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> o it mey relater a un particulari animale. Altri species have diferent audial ranges. Por exemple, canes posse percepter vibrationes plu alt quam 20 kHz. </p><p>Quam un signale perceptet per un del majori <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sensu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sensu (págine ne existe)">sensus</a>, son es usat per multi species por <a href="/w/index.php?title=Defensiv_mecanisme_(biologie)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Defensiv mecanisme (biologie) (págine ne existe)">detecter dangere</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Navigation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Navigation (págine ne existe)">navigation</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Predation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predation (págine ne existe)">predation</a>, e comunication. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brue&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brue (págine ne existe)">Brue</a> es un termino sovente usat de significa un indesirat son. In scientie e tecnologie, brue es un indesirat componente que obscura li desirat signale. Tamen, in sonic perception, brue sovente posse esser usat de identicar li fonte of un son e es un important componente del perception de timbre. </p><p>Hay, historicmen, six experimentalmen separabil medies per quel sonic undes es analisat. Ili es: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Altesse_(musica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Altesse (musica) (págine ne existe)">altesse</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Duration_(musica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Duration (musica) (págine ne existe)">duration</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fortesse_(acustica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fortesse (acustica) (págine ne existe)">fortesse</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Timbre_(musica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timbre (musica) (págine ne existe)">timbre</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Textura_(musica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Textura (musica) (págine ne existe)">sonic textura</a>, e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonic_localisation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sonic localisation (págine ne existe)">spatial location</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alcun de ti terminos have un definition standardisat (p.ex., in li ANSI Acustical Terminologie <a href="/w/index.php?title=ANSI/ASA_S1.1-2013&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ANSI/ASA S1.1-2013 (págine ne existe)">ANSI/ASA S1.1-2013</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Altesse">Altesse</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redacter section: Altesse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Altesse"><span>redacter fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pitch_perception.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Pitch_perception.png/250px-Pitch_perception.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Pitch_perception.png/330px-Pitch_perception.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Pitch_perception.png/500px-Pitch_perception.png 2x" data-file-width="616" data-file-height="351" /></a><figcaption>Figura 1. Perception de altesse</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Altesse_(musica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Altesse (musica) (págine ne existe)">altesse</a> es perceptet quam lu "bass" o "alt" de un son es e representa li ciclic, repetitiv natura del vibrationes que composi son. Por simplic sones, altesse es relat al frequentie del plu lenti vibration in li son (nominat li fundamental harmonic). In li casu de complex sones, perception de altess posse variar. Quelcvez individuales identica diferent altesses por li sam son, basat sur lor personal experientie de particulari sonic arangeamentes. Selection de un particulari altesse es determinat per pre-conscient examination de vibrationes, includent lor frequenties e li equilibrie inter les. Omni son es plazzat sur un continuo de altesse de bass a alt. Figura 1 monstra un exemple de reconossion de altesse. Durante li audition, chascun son es analisat por un arangeament repetint e li resultes es misset al auditori cortex quam un singul altesse de un certe altore (octave) e croma (nómine del note). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Duration">Duration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Redacter section: Duration" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Duration"><span>redacter fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Duration_perception.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Duration_perception.png/250px-Duration_perception.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Duration_perception.png/330px-Duration_perception.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Duration_perception.png/500px-Duration_perception.png 2x" data-file-width="757" data-file-height="336" /></a><figcaption>Figura 2. Perception de duration</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duration_(musica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Duration (musica) (págine ne existe)">Duration</a> es perceptat quam lu "long" o "brevi" de un son es e relate al signales de comense e finale fat per nerval responses al sones. Li duration de un son usualmen dura del punctu in témpor li son prim es observet til li son es identificat quam havent changet o cessat.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Quelcvez to ne es directmen relat al fisic duration de a son. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fortesse">Fortesse</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Redacter section: Fortesse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Fortesse"><span>redacter fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Loudness_perception_v5.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Loudness_perception_v5.gif/250px-Loudness_perception_v5.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Loudness_perception_v5.gif/330px-Loudness_perception_v5.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Loudness_perception_v5.gif/440px-Loudness_perception_v5.gif 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption>Figura 3. Perception de fortesse</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fortesse_(acustica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fortesse (acustica) (págine ne existe)">Fortesse</a> es perceptet quam qualmen "fort" or "piani" un son es e relate al tot númere de stimulationes del auditori nerve sur brevi ciclic témporal periodes. Por brevi durationes, un tre brevi son posse semblar plu piani quam un plu long son, benque ili have li sam nivelle de intensitá. Préter circa 200 ms, to ne es li casu, e li duration del son ne afecte li aparent fortesse del son. Figure 3 da un impression de qualmen fortessal information es addit sur un periode de circa 200 ms ante it es misset al auditori cortice. Plu fort signales fa un plu grand 'pussation' sur li membrane basilari e dunc stimula plu mult nerves, quel causa un plu vigorosi signale de fortesse. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Timbre">Timbre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Redacter section: Timbre" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Timbre"><span>redacter fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Timbre_perception.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Timbre_perception.png/220px-Timbre_perception.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Timbre_perception.png/330px-Timbre_perception.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Timbre_perception.png/440px-Timbre_perception.png 2x" data-file-width="734" data-file-height="570" /></a><figcaption>Figura 4. Perception de timbre</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timbre_(musica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timbre (musica) (págine ne existe)">Timbre</a> es perceptet quam li qualitá de diferent sones (p.ex., li ton de un musical instrument o li qualitá de un voce) e representa li pre-conscient distribution de un sonic identitá a un son (p.ex. “vi un hobóe!"). Ti identitá es basat sur information ganiat ex frequential transientes, bruesse, inconstantie, perceptet altesse, e li extension e intensitá del supertones in li son sur un témporal intervalle. Li maniere in quel un son changea in témpor (vide Figura 4) provide lu max del information por identification de timbre. Mem si un curt section del undal forme de chascun instrument apara tre simil, li diferenties de changes in témpor inter li clarinette e li piano es evident in ambi fortesse e harmonic contenete. Minu aparent es li diferent brues audit, quam aeral sibilationes por li clarinette e martellic colpes por li piano. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Textura">Textura</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Redacter section: Textura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Textura"><span>redacter fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Textura_(musica)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Textura (musica) (págine ne existe)">Sonic textura</a> relate al númere de fontes de son e li interaction inter les.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Li parol <i>textura</i>, in ti contextu, relate al separation cognitiv de objectes auditori.<sup id="cite_ref-Cariani,_P._2012_pp._351-390_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cariani,_P._2012_pp._351-390-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Musica" title="Musica">musica</a>, textura sovente refere al diferenties inter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Unison&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unison (págine ne existe)">unison</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polifonie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polifonie (págine ne existe)">polifonie</a>, e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Homofonie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Homofonie (págine ne existe)">homofonie</a>, ma it anc posse relate (por exemple) a un ocupat cafe; tal son forsan es un <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cacofonie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cacofonie (págine ne existe)">cacofonie</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spacial_location">Spacial location</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Redacter section: Spacial location" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Spacial location"><span>redacter fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Spatial location representa li cognitiv position de un son in un vicinal contextu, includente ambi horizontalmen e verticalmen, e li distantie del sonic fonte e li trates del sonic vicinité.<sup id="cite_ref-Cariani,_P._2012_pp._351-390_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cariani,_P._2012_pp._351-390-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ultrason">Ultrason</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Redacter section: Ultrason" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Ultrason"><span>redacter fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ultrasound_range_diagram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Ultrasound_range_diagram.svg/290px-Ultrasound_range_diagram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Ultrasound_range_diagram.svg/435px-Ultrasound_range_diagram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Ultrasound_range_diagram.svg/580px-Ultrasound_range_diagram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="481" data-file-height="114" /></a><figcaption>Aproximativ range de frequenties de ultrason.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultrason&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ultrason (págine ne existe)">Ultrason</a> es sonic undes con frequenties plu alt quam 20.000 Hz. Ultrason ne es diferent de audibil son in su fisic proprietas, ma it ne posse audit per homes. Ultrasonic devises opera con frequenties de 20 kHz til pluri gigahertz. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medical_ultrason&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medical ultrason (págine ne existe)">Medical ultrason</a> comunmen es usat por diagnoses e terapie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrason">Infrason</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Redacter section: Infrason" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Infrason"><span>redacter fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infrason&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Infrason (págine ne existe)">Infrason</a> es sonic undes con frequenties plu bass quam 20 Hz. Benque sones de tal bass frequentie es tro bass por homes de audir, balenes, elefantes, e alcun altri animales posse audir infrason e usa it de comunicar. It posse esser usat de detecter vulcanic eruptiones e es usat in alcun tipes de musica.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vide_anc">Vide anc</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Redacter section: Vide anc" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Vide anc"><span>redacter fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musical_instrument&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musical instrument (págine ne existe)">Musical instrument</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sonic_reproduction&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sonic reproduction (págine ne existe)">Sonic reproduction</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acustic_impedantie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acustic impedantie (págine ne existe)">Acustic impedantie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phon (págine ne existe)">Phon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sone (págine ne existe)">Sone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nivelle_de_sonic_intensit%C3%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nivelle de sonic intensitá (págine ne existe)">Nivelle de sonic intensitá</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acustic_teorie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acustic teorie (págine ne existe)">Acustic teorie</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musical_ton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musical ton (págine ne existe)">Musical ton</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Resonantie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resonantie (págine ne existe)">Resonantie</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenties">Referenties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Redacter section: Referenties" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Son&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Referenties"><span>redacter fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal"> (1969) <i>Fundamentals of Telephone Communication Systems</i>. Western Electrical Company, 2.1.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fundamentals+of+Telephone+Communication+Systems&rft.date=1969&rft.pub=Western+Electrical+Company&rft.pages=2.1"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Acoustical Society of America. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aip.org/pacs/pacs2010/individuals/pacs2010_regular_edition/reg_acoustics_appendix.htm">PACS 2010 Regular Edition—Acoustics Appendix</a>."</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ANSI/ASA_S1.1-2013&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ANSI/ASA S1.1-2013 (págine ne existe)">ANSI/ASA S1.1-2013</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JHU-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-JHU_4-0">4.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-JHU_4-1">4.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pages.jh.edu/~virtlab/ray/acoustic.htm">li Propagation of sound</a>."</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.qrg.northwestern.edu/projects/vss/docs/space-environment/1-es-there-son-in-space.html">is there sound in space?</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Avise:Webarchive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avise:Webarchive (págine ne existe)">Avise:Webarchive</a> Northwestern University.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://curious.astro.cornell.edu/about-us/150-people-in-astronomy/space-exploration-e-astronauts/general-questions/918-can-you-hear-sounds-in-space-beginner">can you hear sounds in space? (Beginner)</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Avise:Webarchive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avise:Webarchive (págine ne existe)">Avise:Webarchive</a>. Cornell University.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=px3oVGXr4mo">What Does Sound Look Like?</a>." <i>NPR</i>. YouTube.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nasa-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-nasa_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avise:Cite_APOD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avise:Cite APOD (págine ne existe)">Avise:Cite APOD</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Olson1967-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Olson1967_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal"> (1967) <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/musicphysicsengi0000olso">Music, Physics and Engineering</a></i>. Dover Publications, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/musicphysicsengi0000olso/page/249">249</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_libres/9780486217697" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9780486217697</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Music%2C+Physics+and+Engineering&rft.date=1967&rft.pub=Dover+Publications&rft.pages=%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmusicphysicsengi0000olso%2Fpage%2F249+249%5D&rft.isbn=9780486217697&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmusicphysicsengi0000olso"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" id="Reference-{{{last}}}-{{{year}}}"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bartleby.com/61/65/S0576500.html"><i>li American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language</i>.</a> 2000</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Burton, R.L. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=649996699786780;res=IELHSS">the elements of music: what are they, and who cares?</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Avise:Webarchive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avise:Webarchive (págine ne existe)">Avise:Webarchive</a> In J. Rosevear & S. Harding. (Eds.), ASME XXth National Conference proceedings. Paper presented at: Music: Educating for life: ASME XXth National Conference (pp. 22–28), Parkville, Victoria: li Australian Society for Music Education Inc.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" id="Reference-{{{last}}}-1998">:  <i>Auditory evoked potentials to abrupt pitch and timbre change of complex tones: electrophysiological evidence of streaming?</i>. In: <i>Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology</i>. 108, Nr. 2, 1998, S. 131–142</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avise:Cite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avise:Cite (págine ne existe)">Avise:Cite</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kamien, R. (1980). Music: an appreciation. New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 62</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cariani,_P._2012_pp._351-390-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cariani,_P._2012_pp._351-390_15-0">15.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Cariani,_P._2012_pp._351-390_15-1">15.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal"> (2012) "Toward a Theory of Information Processing in Auditory Cortex", <i>li Human Auditory Cortex</i>, Springer Handbook of Auditory Research <b>43</b>, 351–390. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_object_identifier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital object identifier (págine ne existe)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2314-0_13">10.1007/978-1-4614-2314-0_13</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_libres/9781461423133" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4614-2313-3</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=li+Human+Auditory+Cortex&rft.atitle=Toward+a+Theory+of+Information+Processing+in+Auditory+Cortex&rft.date=2012&rft.pages=351%E2%80%93390&rft.series=Springer+Handbook+of+Auditory+Research&rft.isbn=978-1-4614-2313-3&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2F978-1-4614-2314-0_13"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Levitin, D.J. (1999). Memory for musical attributes. In P.R. Cook (Ed.), Music, cognition, and computerized sound: an introduction to psychoacoustics (pp. 105–127). Cambridge, Massachusetts: li MIT press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" id="Reference-Leventhall-{{{year}}}">Geoff Leventhall:  <i>What es infrasound?</i>. In: <i>Progress in Biophysics e Molecular Biology</i>. 93, Nr. 1, 2007-01-01, S. 130–137</cite></span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Disponibil in "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Son&oldid=163716">https://ie.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Son&oldid=163716</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Pages_using_ISBN_magic_links&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Pages using ISBN magic links (págine ne existe)">Pages using ISBN magic links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Wikipedia:Bon_articul" title="Categorie:Wikipedia:Bon articul">Wikipedia:Bon articul</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Son&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Son (págine ne existe)">Son</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Audition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Audition (págine ne existe)">Audition</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Unde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Unde (págine ne existe)">Unde</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Categorie:Acustica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Categorie:Acustica (págine ne existe)">Acustica</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ti-ci págine esset redactet ultim vez li 1 februar 2025, clocca 16:44.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Textu es disponibil sub li <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Autorisation Creative Commons Atribution-Distribution in Conditiones de Egal Autorisation 4.0 Non-Adaptat</a>; conditiones additional posse aplicar. 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