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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Umiak</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umiak" title="Umiak – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Umiak" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koneb%C3%A5d" title="Konebåd – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Konebåd" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umiak" title="Umiak – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Umiak" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umiak" title="Umiak – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Umiak" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oumiak" title="Oumiak – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Oumiak" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%EB%AF%B8%EC%95%85" title="우미악 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="우미악" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umiaq" title="Umiaq – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Umiaq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umiak" title="Umiak – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Umiak" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Умиак – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Умиак" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umiak" title="Umiak – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Umiak" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umiak" title="Umiak – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Umiak" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koneb%C3%A5t" title="Konebåt – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Konebåt" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koneb%C3%A5t" title="Konebåt – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Konebåt" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umiak" title="Umiak – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Umiak" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Умиак – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Умиак" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umiakki" title="Umiakki – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Umiakki" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umiak" title="Umiak – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Umiak" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Уміак – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Уміак" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q685559#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Umiak" title="View the 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Skin-covered boat</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the traditional northern skin-covered boat. For the ice-strengthened bulk carrier, see <a href="/wiki/Umiak_I" title="Umiak I">Umiak I</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Umiaq_skin_boat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Umiaq_skin_boat.jpg/250px-Umiaq_skin_boat.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Umiaq_skin_boat.jpg/330px-Umiaq_skin_boat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Umiaq_skin_boat.jpg/500px-Umiaq_skin_boat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Umiak in Barrow, Alaska</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>umiak</b>, <b>umialak</b>, <b>umiaq</b>, <b>umiac</b>, <b>oomiac</b>, <b>oomiak</b>, <b>ongiuk</b>, or <b>anyak</b><sup id="cite_ref-dall_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dall-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a type of open skin <a href="/wiki/Boat" title="Boat">boat</a>, used by the <a href="/wiki/Yupik_peoples" title="Yupik peoples">Yupik</a> and <a href="/wiki/Inuit" title="Inuit">Inuit</a>, and was originally found in all coastal areas from <a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a> to <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-caen_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-caen-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gates2006_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gates2006-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> First used in <a href="/wiki/Thule_people" title="Thule people">Thule</a> times, it has traditionally been used in summer, for moving people and possessions to seasonal hunting grounds, and for hunting <a href="/wiki/Whale" title="Whale">whales</a> and <a href="/wiki/Walrus" title="Walrus">walrus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-caen_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-caen-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cmoc_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cmoc-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the umiak was usually propelled by oars (women) or paddles (men), sails—sometimes made from seal <a href="/wiki/Intestine" class="mw-redirect" title="Intestine">intestines</a>—were also used, and, in the 20th century, <a href="/wiki/Outboard_motor" title="Outboard motor">outboard motors</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cmoc_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cmoc-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Adney_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adney-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because the umiak has no keel, the sails cannot be used for <a href="/wiki/Tacking_(sailing)" title="Tacking (sailing)">tacking</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Petersen2003_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Petersen2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Size_and_construction">Size and construction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umiak&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Size and construction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Umiaq_wood_frame.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Umiaq_wood_frame.jpg/220px-Umiaq_wood_frame.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Umiaq_wood_frame.jpg/330px-Umiaq_wood_frame.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Umiaq_wood_frame.jpg/440px-Umiaq_wood_frame.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Umiak frame</figcaption></figure> <p>Like the <a href="/wiki/Kayak" title="Kayak">kayak</a>, the traditional umiak was made from a <a href="/wiki/Driftwood" title="Driftwood">driftwood</a> or <a href="/wiki/Baleen" title="Baleen">whalebone</a> frame pegged and lashed together, sometimes with antlers or ivory, over which walrus or <a href="/wiki/Bearded_seal" title="Bearded seal">bearded seal</a> skins are stretched.<sup id="cite_ref-DohertyDoherty2008_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DohertyDoherty2008-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oil, usually from seals, would be used to coat and waterproof the seams.<sup id="cite_ref-caen_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-caen-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-build_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-build-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A large umiak, 9.1 m (30 ft), would require that about seven skins be sewn together, stretched over the frame and allowed to dry.<sup id="cite_ref-exam_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exam-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Modern versions are essentially identical, with the exception of the use of metal bolts and screws. </p><p>The open umiak is significantly larger than the enclosed kayak, which was built to carry one or two men while hunting. Normally 9 or 10 m (30 or 33 ft), the umiak could be anywhere from 6 to 10 m (20 to 33 ft) long and 1.5 to 2 m (5 to 7 ft) wide.<sup id="cite_ref-caen_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-caen-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-exam_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exam-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Hans_Egede" title="Hans Egede">Hans Egede</a>, a Norwegian-Danish Lutheran missionary to Greenland in 1721, stated that he had seen umiaks 18 m (60 ft) long.<sup id="cite_ref-Adney_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adney-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although an umiak could carry up to 15 passengers, its light weight and lack of a keel allows it to be carried over the <a href="/wiki/Drift_ice" title="Drift ice">drift</a> or <a href="/wiki/Fast_ice" title="Fast ice">shore ice</a> to the open water by a few people.<sup id="cite_ref-exam_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exam-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-woman_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-woman-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Petersen2003_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Petersen2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A modern company which trains people to hand make umiaks says that a 7.3 m (24 ft) boat weighs about 68 kg (150 lb) compared to 340 kg (750 lb) for a modern vessel.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_usage">Modern usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umiak&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Modern usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hopson_Whaling_Crew.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Hopson_Whaling_Crew.jpg/250px-Hopson_Whaling_Crew.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Hopson_Whaling_Crew.jpg/330px-Hopson_Whaling_Crew.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Hopson_Whaling_Crew.jpg/500px-Hopson_Whaling_Crew.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="479" /></a><figcaption>An expedition in Alaska</figcaption></figure> <p>Although the usage of the umiak and the kayak has died out in most areas of the <a href="/wiki/Arctic" title="Arctic">Arctic</a> it is still very much a part of life in the Yupik and <a href="/wiki/Inupiat_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Inupiat people">Inupiat</a> <a href="/wiki/Aboriginal_whaling" title="Aboriginal whaling">whaling villages</a> of Alaska. The boat must be hauled on a sled pulled by <a href="/wiki/Snowmobile" title="Snowmobile">snowmobile</a> over very rough trails cut through the ice ridges to locations where there are open leads in the <a href="/wiki/Arctic_ice_pack" title="Arctic ice pack">ice pack</a>, where it is used to catch whales. </p><p>The skin cover on an umiak will last for two or three years, as does an <a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">aluminum</a> boat used in the same way; however, replacing the skin on an umiak is much easier than repairing an aluminum boat. Additionally, the <a href="/wiki/Bowhead_whale" title="Bowhead whale">bowhead whale</a> is sensitive to the metallic noise from aluminum boats, and tend to move away under the ice, to avoid them.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Utqia%C4%A1vik,_Alaska" class="mw-redirect" title="Utqiaġvik, Alaska">Utqiaġvik, Alaska</a>, the process for replacing the skin of an umiak begins when the ice moves away from the shores of the <a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</a> in July. At their first summer access to the ocean, whaling crews hunt for <i>oogruk</i>, the bearded seal, for suitable skins. The skins are packed into seal oil and allowed to ferment while they are stored until March. At that time the skins are scraped free of hair, sewn together with a waterproof stitch, and then stretched over the wooden frame and tied into place using the sinew from <a href="/wiki/Reindeer" title="Reindeer">caribou</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gates2006_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gates2006-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With a new skin on the frame, the umiak is placed out in the wind and cold, to dry. In May when the bowhead whales migrate eastward past <a href="/wiki/Point_Barrow" title="Point Barrow">Point Barrow</a>, umiak skin boats are hauled on sleds pulled by snowmobiles out onto the ice. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umiak&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gravyr_-_Sj%C3%B6historiska_museet_-_SB_1486.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Gravyr_-_Sj%C3%B6historiska_museet_-_SB_1486.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Gravyr_-_Sj%C3%B6historiska_museet_-_SB_1486.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Gravyr_-_Sj%C3%B6historiska_museet_-_SB_1486.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Gravyr_-_Sj%C3%B6historiska_museet_-_SB_1486.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Gravyr_-_Sj%C3%B6historiska_museet_-_SB_1486.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Gravyr_-_Sj%C3%B6historiska_museet_-_SB_1486.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3669" data-file-height="2456" /></a><figcaption>Umiaks being used for transport in <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a> in the summer of 1875, with kayaks travelling alongside.</figcaption></figure> <p>Although it is sometimes called a "woman's boat",<sup id="cite_ref-woman_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-woman-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kaalund1983_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kaalund1983-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> modern Inuit dictionaries such as <i><a href="/wiki/Kangiryuarmiut" title="Kangiryuarmiut">Kangiryuarmiut</a> Uqauhingita Numiktittitdjutingit</i> by <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Lowe" title="Ronald Lowe">Ronald Lowe</a>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Inuinnaqtun" title="Inuinnaqtun">Inuinnaqtun</a> English Dictionary</i>, and <i>Asuilaak <a href="/wiki/Inuktitut" title="Inuktitut">Inuktitut</a> Living Dictionary</i> translate umiak as boat, traditional skin boat, or any type of boat.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Eastern Arctic, where the umiak was rarely used for hunting, it was used mainly as summer transport for women and children, while men travelled by kayak, and thus was known as a "woman's boat".<sup id="cite_ref-exam_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exam-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umiak&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sea_kayak" title="Sea kayak">Sea kayak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baidarka" class="mw-redirect" title="Baidarka">Baidarka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_August_Graah" title="Wilhelm August Graah">Wilhelm August Graah</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umiak&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-dall-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dall_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5Sx6AAAAMAAJ&dq=anyak+skin+boat&pg=PA563">Dall, p. 563</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-caen-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-caen_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-caen_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-caen_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-caen_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/umiak">Umiak</a> at the Canadian Encyclopedia</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gates2006-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gates2006_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gates2006_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNancy_Gates2006" class="citation book cs1">Nancy Gates (November 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=g_0sbbGO69gC&pg=PA216"><i>The Alaska Almanac: Facts about Alaska</i></a>. Graphic Arts Center Publishing Co. pp. 216–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88240-652-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88240-652-7"><bdi>978-0-88240-652-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Alaska+Almanac%3A+Facts+about+Alaska&rft.pages=216-&rft.pub=Graphic+Arts+Center+Publishing+Co.&rft.date=2006-11&rft.isbn=978-0-88240-652-7&rft.au=Nancy+Gates&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dg_0sbbGO69gC%26pg%3DPA216&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmiak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cmoc-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cmoc_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cmoc_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.civilization.ca/cmc/exhibitions/aborig/watercraft/wau01eng.shtml">Umiaks</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Museum_of_Civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Museum of Civilization">Canadian Museum of Civilization</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Adney-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Adney_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Adney_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1adokGCe08oC&dq=umiak+construction&pg=PA190">Adney & Chappelle p.190</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1adokGCe08oC&dq=umiak+construction&pg=PA190">Adney & Chappelle p.179</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Petersen2003-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Petersen2003_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Petersen2003_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPetersen2003" class="citation book cs1">Petersen, Robert (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=68xkC6Q9OVoC&pg=PA48"><i>Settlements, Kinship and Hunting Grounds in Traditional Greenland</i></a>. Museum Tusculanum Press. p. 48. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-87-635-1261-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-87-635-1261-9"><bdi>978-87-635-1261-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Settlements%2C+Kinship+and+Hunting+Grounds+in+Traditional+Greenland&rft.pages=48&rft.pub=Museum+Tusculanum+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-87-635-1261-9&rft.aulast=Petersen&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D68xkC6Q9OVoC%26pg%3DPA48&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmiak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DohertyDoherty2008-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DohertyDoherty2008_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCraig_A._DohertyKatherine_M._Doherty2008" class="citation book cs1">Craig A. Doherty; Katherine M. Doherty (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FWPWzyDELnYC&pg=PA35"><i>Arctic Peoples</i></a>. Infobase Publishing. pp. 35–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-5970-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8160-5970-6"><bdi>978-0-8160-5970-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Arctic+Peoples&rft.pages=35-&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-5970-6&rft.au=Craig+A.+Doherty&rft.au=Katherine+M.+Doherty&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFWPWzyDELnYC%26pg%3DPA35&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmiak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-build-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-build_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.civilization.ca/cmc/exhibitions/aborig/watercraft/wau02eng.shtml">Umiak Construction</a>, Museum of Civilization website</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-exam-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-exam_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exam_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exam_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exam_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.civilization.ca/cmc/exhibitions/aborig/watercraft/wau03eng.shtml">Examples of Umiaks</a>, Museum of Civilization website</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-woman-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-woman_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-woman_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.athropolis.com/arctic-facts/fact-umiak.htm">The Women's Boat</a> at athropolis.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.skinboats.org/skinboats/Umiak.html">The Umiak</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101129124522/http://skinboats.org/skinboats/Umiak.html">Archived</a> 2010-11-29 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at Skinboat School</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kaalund1983-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kaalund1983_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBodil_Kaalund1983" class="citation book cs1">Bodil Kaalund (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uvDyTuJ9zZkC&pg=PA100"><i>The Art of Greenland: Sculpture, Crafts, Painting</i></a>. University of California Press. pp. 100–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-04840-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-04840-9"><bdi>978-0-520-04840-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Art+of+Greenland%3A+Sculpture%2C+Crafts%2C+Painting&rft.pages=100-&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=978-0-520-04840-9&rft.au=Bodil+Kaalund&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuvDyTuJ9zZkC%26pg%3DPA100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmiak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLowe1983" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Lowe" title="Ronald Lowe">Lowe, Ronald</a> (1983). "English-Kangiryuarmiutun". <i>Kangiryuarmiut Uqauhingita Numiktittitdjutingit</i> [<i>Basic Kangiryuarmiut Eskimo Dictionary</i>]. p. 191. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9691597-0-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-9691597-0-6"><bdi>0-9691597-0-6</bdi></a>. <q>boat umiaq</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=English-Kangiryuarmiutun&rft.btitle=Kangiryuarmiut+Uqauhingita+Numiktittitdjutingit&rft.pages=191&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0-9691597-0-6&rft.aulast=Lowe&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmiak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOhokakKadlunHarnum" class="citation book cs1">Ohokak, Gwen; Kadlun, Mago; Harnum, Betty. <i>Inuinnaqtun English Dictionary</i>. Revision Mabel Ekvana Angulalik and Frank Analok. Kitikmeot Heritage Society (<a href="/wiki/Nunavut_Arctic_College" title="Nunavut Arctic College">Nunavut Arctic College</a>). pp. 97 & 114. <q>umiaq boat, boat umiaq</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inuinnaqtun+English+Dictionary&rft.pages=97+%26+114&rft.pub=Kitikmeot+Heritage+Society+%28Nunavut+Arctic+College%29&rft.aulast=Ohokak&rft.aufirst=Gwen&rft.au=Kadlun%2C+Mago&rft.au=Harnum%2C+Betty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmiak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.livingdictionary.com/index.jsp;jsessionid=2069072906BB4089ACFF5412FE950712">Asuilaak Inuktitut Living Dictionary</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umiak&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="dall" class="citation book cs1">Dall, William Healey (1870). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/alaskaanditsres01dallgoog"><i>Alaska and Its Resources</i></a>. Boston: Lee and Shepard. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/alaskaanditsres01dallgoog/page/n575">503</a>. <q>anyak skin boat.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alaska+and+Its+Resources&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=503&rft.pub=Lee+and+Shepard&rft.date=1870&rft.aulast=Dall&rft.aufirst=William+Healey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Falaskaanditsres01dallgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmiak" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAdneyChappelle2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tappan_Adney" title="Tappan Adney">Adney, Edwin Tappan</a>; Chappelle, Howard I. (2007-10-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1adokGCe08oC&q=umiak+construction&pg=PA174">"Chapter 7 Arctic Skin Boats"</a>. <i>Bark Canoes and Skin Boats of North America</i>. Skyhorse Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60239-071-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60239-071-3"><bdi>978-1-60239-071-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+7+Arctic+Skin+Boats&rft.btitle=Bark+Canoes+and+Skin+Boats+of+North+America&rft.pub=Skyhorse+Publishing&rft.date=2007-10-01&rft.isbn=978-1-60239-071-3&rft.aulast=Adney&rft.aufirst=Edwin+Tappan&rft.au=Chappelle%2C+Howard+I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1adokGCe08oC%26q%3Dumiak%2Bconstruction%26pg%3DPA174&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmiak" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umiak&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Umiaks" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Umiaks">Umiaks</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.skinboats.com/">Skin Boat School</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sss407.org/">Kent Sea Scouts Umiak Project</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnr.state.ak.us/acmp/District/Tables/NorthSlope/AEWC_Comments_NSBCMP_FINAL.pdf">Alaska Eskimo Whaling Commission</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catbirdproductions.ca">Documentary film Umiaq Skin Boat by Jobie Weetaluktuk</a></li></ul> <div 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title="Inuit culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_astronomy" title="Inuit astronomy">Astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_cuisine" title="Inuit cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_languages" title="Inuit languages">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_grammar" title="Inuit grammar">Grammar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_phonology" title="Inuit phonology">Phonology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Inuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Inuit">Proto-Inuit language</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_music" title="Inuit music">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_throat_singing" title="Inuit throat singing">Throat singing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_religion" title="Inuit religion">Religion</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Inuit_conf_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Map showing the members of the Inuit Circumpolar Conference." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Inuit_conf_map.png/250px-Inuit_conf_map.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Inuit_conf_map.png/330px-Inuit_conf_map.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFDD99;width:1%;line-height:1.3em;background:#FFDD99"><a href="/wiki/Material_culture" title="Material culture">Material</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Material_culture" title="Material culture">culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;background:#FFDD99"><a href="/wiki/Inuit_art" title="Inuit art">Art</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_doll" title="Inuit doll">Dolls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuksuk" title="Inuksuk">Inuksuk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;background:#FFDD99"><a href="/wiki/Inuit_clothing" title="Inuit clothing">Clothing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Inuit_clothing" title="History of Inuit clothing">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Research_on_Inuit_clothing" title="Research on Inuit clothing">Research</a></li> <li>Types <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Atik%C5%82uk" class="mw-redirect" title="Atikłuk">Atikłuk</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amauti" title="Amauti">Amauti</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kamleika" title="Kamleika">Kamleika</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mukluk" title="Mukluk">Mukluk</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parka" title="Parka">Parka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_goggles" title="Snow goggles">Snow goggles</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tuilik" title="Tuilik">Tuilik</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;background:#FFDD99">Tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_weapons" title="Inuit weapons">Weapons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harpoon" title="Harpoon">Unaaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toggling_harpoon" title="Toggling harpoon">Sakku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakivak" title="Kakivak">Kakivak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_knife" title="Snow knife">Pana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knife" title="Knife">Savik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulu" title="Ulu">Ulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kudlik" class="mw-redirect" title="Kudlik">Qulliq</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;background:#FFDD99"><a href="/wiki/Transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation">Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ammassalik_wooden_maps" title="Ammassalik wooden maps">Ammassalik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_goggles" title="Snow goggles">Iggaak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuksuk" title="Inuksuk">Inuksuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayak" title="Kayak">Qajaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sled_dog" title="Sled dog">Sled dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowmobile" title="Snowmobile">Snowmobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowshoe" title="Snowshoe">Snowshoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qamutiik" title="Qamutiik">Qamutiik</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Umiak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFDD99;width:1%;line-height:1.3em;background:#FFDD99">Homelands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;background:#FFDD99"><a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/I%C3%B1upiat" title="Iñupiat">Iñupiat Nunaat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yup%27ik" title="Yup'ik">Nunavut (Alaska)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alutiiq" title="Alutiiq">Nunarpet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;background:#FFDD99"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_Nunangat" title="Inuit Nunangat">Inuit Nunangat ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᑦ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inuvialuit_Settlement_Region" title="Inuvialuit Settlement Region">Inuvialuit Nunangit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunavut" title="Nunavut">Nunavut ᓄᓇᕗᑦ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunavik" title="Nunavik">Nunavik ᓄᓇᕕᒃ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunatsiavut" title="Nunatsiavut">Nunatsiavut</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;background:#FFDD99"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Denmark">Denmark</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greenlandic_Inuit" title="Greenlandic Inuit">Nunaat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inughuit" title="Inughuit">Inughuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaallit" title="Kalaallit">Kalaallit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunumiit" title="Tunumiit">Tunumiit</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Greenlandic_people_in_Denmark" title="Greenlandic people in Denmark">Denmark</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFDD99;width:1%;line-height:1.3em;background:#FFDD99">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;background:#FFDD99">Global</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_Circumpolar_Council" title="Inuit Circumpolar Council">Inuit Circumpolar Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;background:#FFDD99">Alaska</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Native_corporation" title="Alaska Native corporation">Alaska Native corporation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Slope_Regional_Corporation" title="Arctic Slope Regional Corporation">Arctic Slope Regional Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calista_Corporation" title="Calista Corporation">Calista Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bering_Straits_Native_Corporation" title="Bering Straits Native Corporation">Bering Straits Native Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Inlet_Region,_Inc." title="Cook Inlet Region, Inc.">Cook Inlet Region, Inc.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NANA_Regional_Corporation" title="NANA Regional Corporation">NANA Regional Corporation</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;background:#FFDD99">Canada</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_Tapiriit_Kanatami" title="Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami">Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Makivik_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Makivik Corporation">Makivik Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunatsiavut" title="Nunatsiavut">Nunatsiavut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunavut_Tunngavik_Incorporated" title="Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated">Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #FFDD99;width:1%;line-height:1.3em;background:#FFDD99">Notable people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_Inuit" title="List of American Inuit">American Inuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_Inuit" title="List of Canadian Inuit">Canadian Inuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greenlandic_Inuit" title="List of Greenlandic Inuit">Greenlandic Inuit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background: #FFDD99"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Inuit" title="Category:Inuit">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Canoeing_and_kayaking550" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Canoeing_and_kayaking" title="Template:Canoeing and kayaking"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Canoeing_and_kayaking" title="Template talk:Canoeing and kayaking"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Canoeing_and_kayaking" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Canoeing and kayaking"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Canoeing_and_kayaking550" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Canoeing" title="Canoeing">Canoeing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kayaking" title="Kayaking">kayaking</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main disciplines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_sprint" title="Canoe sprint">Canoe sprint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_slalom" title="Canoe slalom">Canoe slalom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_marathon" title="Canoe marathon">Canoe marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_polo" title="Canoe polo">Canoe polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildwater_canoeing" title="Wildwater canoeing">Wildwater canoeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_sailing" title="Canoe sailing">Canoe sailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_freestyle" title="Canoe freestyle">Canoe freestyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paracanoe" title="Paracanoe">Paracanoe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Olympics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canoeing_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Canoeing at the Summer Olympics">Summer Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympic_medalists_in_canoeing_(men)" title="List of Olympic medalists in canoeing (men)">Male medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympic_medalists_in_canoeing_(women)" title="List of Olympic medalists in canoeing (women)">Female medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympic_venues_in_canoeing" title="List of Olympic venues in canoeing">Venues</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other disciplines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Creeking" title="Creeking">Creeking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_boat" title="Dragon boat">Dragon boating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nouka_Baich" title="Nouka Baich">Nouka Baich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddleboarding" title="Paddleboarding">Paddleboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surf_ski" title="Surf ski">Surf skiing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surf_kayaking" title="Surf kayaking">Surf kayaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_boating" title="Snow boating">Snow boating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squirt_boating" title="Squirt boating">Squirt boating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standup_paddleboarding" title="Standup paddleboarding">Standup paddleboarding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/International_Canoe_Federation" title="International Canoe Federation">ICF</a> championships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ICF_Canoe_Sprint_World_Championships" title="ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships">Sprint</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Sprint_World_Championships_medalists_in_men%27s_Canadian" title="List of ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in men's Canadian">Men's Canadian medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Sprint_World_Championships_medalists_in_women%27s_Canadian" title="List of ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in women's Canadian">Women's Canadian medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Sprint_World_Championships_medalists_in_men%27s_kayak" title="List of ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in men's kayak">Men's kayak medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Sprint_World_Championships_medalists_in_women%27s_kayak" title="List of ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in women's kayak">Women's kayak medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Sprint_World_Championships_medalists_in_paracanoe" title="List of ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships medalists in paracanoe">Paracanoe medalists</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICF_Canoe_Slalom_World_Championships" title="ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships">Slalom</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Slalom_World_Championships_medalists_in_men%27s_canoe" title="List of ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships medalists in men's canoe">Men's canoe medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Slalom_World_Championships_medalists_in_women%27s_canoe" title="List of ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships medalists in women's canoe">Women's canoe medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Slalom_World_Championships_medalists_in_men%27s_kayak" title="List of ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships medalists in men's kayak">Men's kayak medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Slalom_World_Championships_medalists_in_women%27s_kayak" title="List of ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships medalists in women's kayak">Women's kayak medalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ICF_Canoe_Slalom_World_Championships_medalists_in_mixed_canoe" title="List of ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships medalists in mixed canoe">Mixed canoe medalists</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICF_World_Junior_and_U23_Canoe_Slalom_Championships" title="ICF World Junior and U23 Canoe Slalom Championships">Slalom Junior & U23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICF_Canoe_Marathon_World_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="ICF Canoe Marathon World Championship">Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICF_Canoe_Ocean_Racing_World_Championships" title="ICF Canoe Ocean Racing World Championships">Ocean Racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildwater_Canoeing_World_Championships" title="Wildwater Canoeing World Championships">Wildwater canoeing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Recreation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Small-craft_sailing" title="Small-craft sailing">Small-craft sailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitewater_canoeing" title="Whitewater canoeing">Whitewater canoeing</a> / <a href="/wiki/Whitewater_kayaking" title="Whitewater kayaking">kayaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_kayak" title="Sea kayak">Sea kayaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_camping" title="Canoe camping">Canoe camping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayak_fishing" title="Kayak fishing">Kayak fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_and_kayak_diving" title="Canoe and kayak diving">Canoe and kayak diving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongola_racing" title="Dongola racing">Dongola racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_orienteering" title="Canoe orienteering">Canoe orienteering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_livery" title="Canoe livery">Canoe livery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern boats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canoe" title="Canoe">Canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayak" title="Kayak">Kayak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concrete_canoe" title="Concrete canoe">Concrete canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flyak" title="Flyak">Flyak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folding_kayak" title="Folding kayak">Folding kayak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Canoe" title="International Canoe">International Canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malia_(canoe)" title="Malia (canoe)">Malia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recreational_kayak" title="Recreational kayak">Recreational kayak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprint_canoe" title="Sprint canoe">Sprint canoe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traditional boats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleutian_kayak" title="Aleutian kayak">Aleutian kayak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayuco" title="Cayuco">Cayuco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chundan_vallam" title="Chundan vallam">Chundan vallam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dugout_canoe" title="Dugout canoe">Dugout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fur_brigade" title="Fur brigade">Fur brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outrigger_canoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Outrigger canoe">Outrigger canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Northwest_canoes" title="Pacific Northwest canoes">Pacific Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabaska" title="Rabaska">Rabaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturgeon-nosed_canoe" title="Sturgeon-nosed canoe">Sturgeon-nosed canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taimen_(kayak)" title="Taimen (kayak)">Taimen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Umiak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waka_(canoe)" title="Waka (canoe)">Waka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_canoe" title="War canoe">War canoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_boat_(racing)" title="Swan boat (racing)">Swan boat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Kayaking_techniques" title="Category:Kayaking techniques">Techniques</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_paddle_strokes" title="Canoe paddle strokes">Canoe paddle strokes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskimo_Rescue" class="mw-redirect" title="Eskimo Rescue">Eskimo Rescue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayak_roll" title="Kayak roll">Kayak roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portage" title="Portage">Portage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Canoeing_and_kayaking_equipment" title="Category:Canoeing and kayaking equipment">Equipment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albano_buoy_system" title="Albano buoy system">Albano buoy system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outrigger" title="Outrigger">Outrigger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddle" title="Paddle">Paddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddle_float" title="Paddle float">Paddle float</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddle_leash" title="Paddle leash">Paddle leash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royalex" title="Royalex">Royalex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_sock" title="Sea sock">Sea sock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spray_deck" title="Spray deck">Spray deck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuilik" title="Tuilik">Tuilik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_whitewater" title="Artificial whitewater">Artificial whitewater</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Canoeing_and_kayaking_venues" title="Category:Canoeing and kayaking venues">Canoeing and kayaking venues</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Competitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_world_records_in_canoeing" class="mw-redirect" title="List of world records in canoeing">List of world records in canoeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adirondack_Canoe_Classic" title="Adirondack Canoe Classic">Adirondack Canoe Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Au_Sable_River_Canoe_Marathon" title="Au Sable River Canoe Marathon">Au Sable River Canoe Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devizes_to_Westminster_International_Canoe_Marathon" title="Devizes to Westminster International Canoe Marathon">Devizes to Westminster International Canoe Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dusi_Canoe_Marathon" title="Dusi Canoe Marathon">Dusi Canoe Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawkesbury_Canoe_Classic" title="Hawkesbury Canoe Classic">Hawkesbury Canoe Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massive_Murray_Paddle" title="Massive Murray Paddle">Massive Murray Paddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Student_Rodeo" title="National Student Rodeo">National Student Rodeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thameside_Series" title="Thameside Series">Thameside Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterside_Series" title="Waterside Series">Waterside Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverland_Paddling_Marathon" title="Riverland Paddling Marathon">Riverland Paddling Marathon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Festivals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_International_Dragon_Boat_Festival" title="Canadian International Dragon Boat Festival">Canadian International Dragon Boat Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duanwu_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Duanwu Festival">Duanwu Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Dragon_Boat_Festival_in_New_York" title="Hong Kong Dragon Boat Festival in New York">Hong Kong Dragon Boat Festival in New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Dragon_Boat_Festival" title="Houston Dragon Boat Festival">Houston Dragon Boat Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lethbridge_Dragon_Boat_Festival" title="Lethbridge Dragon Boat Festival">Lethbridge Dragon Boat Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Dragon_Boat_Festival" title="Ottawa Dragon Boat Festival">Ottawa Dragon Boat Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_International_Dragon_Boat_Race_Festival" title="Toronto International Dragon Boat Race Festival">Toronto International Dragon Boat Race Festival</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Canoeing_organizations" title="Category:Canoeing organizations">Governing bodies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Canoe_Association" title="European Canoe Association">European Canoe Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Canoe_Association" title="American Canoe Association">American Canoe Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddle_Australia" title="Paddle Australia">Paddle Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddle_UK" title="Paddle UK">Paddle UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Dragon_Boat_Racing_Association" title="British Dragon Boat Racing Association">British Dragon Boat Racing Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_Kayak_Canada" title="Canoe Kayak Canada">Canoe Kayak Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe_Wales" title="Canoe Wales">Canoe Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Canoe_Federation" title="Croatian Canoe Federation">Croatian Canoe Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Canoe_Association" title="Israel Canoe Association">Israel Canoe Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Canoe_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Canoe Association">Scottish Canoe Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Canoe_Federation" title="Portuguese Canoe Federation">Portuguese Canoe Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Canoeing_organizations" title="Category:Canoeing organizations">Other organisations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Canoe_Museum" title="Canadian Canoe Museum">Canadian Canoe Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Dragon_Boat_Federation" title="International Dragon Boat Federation">International Dragon Boat Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Alexander_Mackenzie_Canada_Sea-to-Sea_Bicentennial_Expeditions" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Alexander Mackenzie Canada Sea-to-Sea Bicentennial Expeditions">Sir Alexander Mackenzie Canada Sea-to-Sea Bicentennial Expeditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivers_Access_Campaign" title="Rivers Access Campaign">UK Rivers Access Campaign</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Canoeing_mass_media" title="Category:Canoeing mass media">Media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chasse-galerie" title="Chasse-galerie">La Chasse-galerie</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paddle-to-the-Sea" title="Paddle-to-the-Sea">Paddle-to-the-Sea</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Paddle_to_the_Sea" title="Paddle to the Sea">film</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rise_and_Fall_of_the_Great_Lakes" title="The Rise and Fall of the Great Lakes">The Rise and Fall of the Great Lakes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Waterwalker" title="Waterwalker">Waterwalker</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/20px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/40px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_canoeing_and_kayaking" title="Outline of canoeing and kayaking">Outline</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox417" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: Artists <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685559#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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