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class="geo">41.0174; -91.9680</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parsons_Wildcats_football&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Parsons Wildcats football">Parsons Wildcats football</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Private college in Fairfield, Iowa, US</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Parsons College</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Parsons_College_Logo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/98/Parsons_College_Logo.jpg/200px-Parsons_College_Logo.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/98/Parsons_College_Logo.jpg/300px-Parsons_College_Logo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/98/Parsons_College_Logo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="316" data-file-height="316" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Parsons College seal</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Est Modus In Rebus</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Private_university" title="Private university">Private</a> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal arts">liberal arts</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1875, closed in 1973</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/University_president" class="mw-redirect" title="University president">President</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Millard G. Roberts, 1955–67</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Fairfield,_Iowa" title="Fairfield, Iowa">Fairfield</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="state"><a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="country-name">United States</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Campus</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rural_area" title="Rural area">Rural</a><br />272 acres (110.1 ha)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/School_colors" title="School colors">Colors</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:pink; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:green; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> Rose, Green and White</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Athletic_nickname" title="Athletic nickname">Nickname</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Wildcats</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data">North Central Association</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parsonscollegealumni.com/">Parsons College alumni web site</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Parsons College</b> was a <a href="/wiki/Private_university" title="Private university">private</a> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_arts_colleges_in_the_United_States" title="Liberal arts colleges in the United States">liberal arts college</a> located in <a href="/wiki/Fairfield,_Iowa" title="Fairfield, Iowa">Fairfield, Iowa</a>. The school was named for its wealthy benefactor, Lewis B. Parsons Sr., and was founded in 1875 with one building and 34 students. Over the years new buildings were constructed as enrollment expanded. The school lost its accreditation in 1948 but regained it two years later. In 1955 the school appointed Millard G. Roberts as its president and this began a period of rapid expansion with the student population rising as high as 5,000 by 1966. There was a turning point, however, in 1966 when <i><a href="/wiki/Life_(magazine)" title="Life (magazine)">Life</a></i> magazine published an article criticizing the college and its president. In the spring of 1967, the school lost its accreditation and Roberts was asked to resign as president. Although they regained their accreditation in the spring of 1970, enrollment had quickly declined and the college floundered with $14 million in debt and closed under bankruptcy in 1973. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parsons_College&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1875_to_1954">1875 to 1954</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parsons_College&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1875 to 1954"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Parsons College was named for Lewis B. Parsons Sr., a wealthy <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> merchant who died in 1855 and left much of his estate as an endowment for an institution of higher learning in Iowa. His sons, the executors of Parsons' estate, considered a number of possible locations for the school and 20 years later<sup id="cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iowa_Source-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> chose a tract of land just north of Fairfield.<sup id="cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FF_Ledger-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The residents of Fairfield promised $27,516 towards the college, and its committee paid W. H. Jordan $13,000 for Henn Mansion building and 20 acres of land.<sup id="cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iowa_Source-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ewing_Hall,_Parsons_College.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Ewing_Hall%2C_Parsons_College.jpg/250px-Ewing_Hall%2C_Parsons_College.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Ewing_Hall%2C_Parsons_College.jpg/375px-Ewing_Hall%2C_Parsons_College.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Ewing_Hall%2C_Parsons_College.jpg/500px-Ewing_Hall%2C_Parsons_College.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4643" data-file-height="3238" /></a><figcaption>Ewing Hall in 1934</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OB_Nelson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/63/OB_Nelson.jpg/170px-OB_Nelson.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/63/OB_Nelson.jpg/255px-OB_Nelson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/63/OB_Nelson.jpg/340px-OB_Nelson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="743" /></a><figcaption>O.B. (Oscar Bernard) Nelson, coach</figcaption></figure> <p>The college opened in 1875 with 34 students who attended classes in the brick home called <a href="/wiki/Henn_Mansion" title="Henn Mansion">"the Mansion"</a> that was built in 1857 by Congressman <a href="/wiki/Bernhart_Henn" title="Bernhart Henn">Bernhart Henn</a>. The faculty were three Presbyterian ministers and enrollment grew to 63 students by year end. Alexander G. Wilson was in charge of faculty and held the title of "rector." He also oversaw the college's preparatory department, which later became the Parsons Academy until its closure in 1917. A $7,000 chapel building was erected in 1876,<sup id="cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iowa_Source-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and John Armstrong succeeded Wilson and assumed the title of college president, until August 12, 1879, when he died suddenly. The third president was Thomas Davis Ewing, who served from 1880 to 1890; the Mansion was later renamed Ewing Hall in his honor.<sup id="cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FF_Ledger-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A west wing was added to the chapel in 1882 by Des Moines architects Bell & Hackney, and an east wing was added in 1890-91 with a $15,000 donation from W. R. Ankeny of Des Moines, for whom the chapel was renamed Ankeny Hall.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first football game played at Parsons was on September 16, 1893. Parsons won by a score of 70-0. This monumental win prompted the construction of Blum Stadium for the 1894 season. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1896 Daniel E. Jenkins became college president at the age of 30 and was the youngest of the 16 who held the title during the school's 98-year history. Ankeny Hall contained the chapel, the library, and the classrooms when it was destroyed by fire in August 1902, leaving the college with only two buildings: Henn Mansion and a newly constructed women's dormitory called Ballard Hall.<sup id="cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iowa_Source-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The college rebounded by raising funds from board members and other local residents for new construction.<sup id="cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iowa_Source-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FF_Ledger-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1903 Fairfield Hall and Foster Hall were completed and the Carnegie Library was opened in 1907 due in part to a donation from philanthropist <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Carnegie" title="Andrew Carnegie">Andrew Carnegie</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FF_Ledger-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These new buildings were in the Beaux Arts-style and were designed by Chicago architect <a href="/wiki/Henry_K._Holsman" title="Henry K. Holsman">Henry K. Holsman</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iowa_Source-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1908, college trustee Theodore Wells Barhydt donated $33,000 for a chapel, which was built in Norman Gothic style and designed by Holsman.<sup id="cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iowa_Source-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was completed in 1909 and named the Barhydt Memorial Chapel in honor of Barhydt's parents.<sup id="cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FF_Ledger-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chapel included $1,800 worth of art-glass windows.<sup id="cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iowa_Source-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Trustee Gymnasium opened in 1910<sup id="cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FF_Ledger-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and later an extension to the chapel called the Bible Building and later renamed Parsons Hall.<sup id="cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iowa_Source-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Enrollment steadily increased after World War I but declined during the World War II years, and in 1948 Parsons lost its accreditation. The college was strengthened by appointment of college President Tom E. Shearer in 1948, and it regained accreditation in 1950.<sup id="cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FF_Ledger-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1955_to_1973">1955 to 1973</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parsons_College&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1955 to 1973"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blum_Stadium_aerial_view_(Fairfield,_Iowa_-_1966).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Blum_Stadium_aerial_view_%28Fairfield%2C_Iowa_-_1966%29.jpg/220px-Blum_Stadium_aerial_view_%28Fairfield%2C_Iowa_-_1966%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Blum_Stadium_aerial_view_%28Fairfield%2C_Iowa_-_1966%29.jpg/330px-Blum_Stadium_aerial_view_%28Fairfield%2C_Iowa_-_1966%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Blum_Stadium_aerial_view_%28Fairfield%2C_Iowa_-_1966%29.jpg/440px-Blum_Stadium_aerial_view_%28Fairfield%2C_Iowa_-_1966%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1136" data-file-height="544" /></a><figcaption>Blum Stadium, October 22, 1966 vs. Delta State</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1955, the trustees appointed a <a href="/wiki/Presbyterian" class="mw-redirect" title="Presbyterian">Presbyterian</a> minister from New York City, Millard G. Roberts, as president of the 357-student college.<sup id="cite_ref-LA_Times_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LA_Times-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over the years, Roberts was both hailed and criticized for his flamboyant management style. His first objective was to increase enrollment, and for ten years Parsons College allegedly had the highest percentage of enrollment increase nationwide. When the number of students reached 1,000, new dormitories were built to keep up with the demand. </p><p>Roberts instituted the multi-pronged Parsons Plan. Features included: </p> <ul><li>Division of the year into three 4-month <a href="/wiki/Academic_term" title="Academic term">trimesters</a>. This gave students more time to delve deeply into their classes.</li> <li>Establishment of the Summer Fine Arts Festival. Each of the three trimesters carried equal academic weight, but the summer trimester included unique art, music, dance, and theater class and performance offerings not available at other times of the year. (Because each trimester carried equal academic weight, students who had to take a term off to work could do so during any term, thereby avoiding the competition for summer jobs.)</li> <li>Division of the student body into three cohorts. The top tier, comprising academic "stars", were offered full scholarships; the bottom two tiers, comprising average and below-average students who couldn't get into (or had flunked out of) other colleges, paid full tuition.</li> <li>The Tutorial system, whereby lectures were conducted by doctorate professors two or three times a week. On the other days of the week, students met with Masters-level tutors who conducted smaller discussion-oriented sessions; students thereby met five days a week.</li> <li>Admission was offered to marginal students right out of high school, who otherwise might not have been able to go to college, as well as to students who had flunked out of other colleges.</li></ul> <p>Among Roberts's innovations was the establishment of the trimester system, which made possible year-round use of the facility and allowed students to reduce the time needed to obtain a degree. He lowered admission requirements and Parsons became known as a school that gave students a second chance. He increased the student-teacher ratio, slashed the academic curriculum, and established recruiters around the country.<sup id="cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FF_Ledger-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1962, six professors filed a formal complaint against the college. The <a href="/wiki/North_Central_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="North Central Association">North Central Association</a> (NCA) conducted an investigation and put the college on probation in 1963. In 1964 student enrollment reached 2,500; the probation was lifted in 1965, and enrollment reached 5,000 students in 1966. Roberts reportedly raided other campuses for "strong faculty" by offering higher salaries and more benefits. By 1966 the college had the third highest-paid faculty in the nation. However, despite huge increases in enrollment, the college debt increased by an average of $100,000 per month during the 12 years that Roberts was president.<sup id="cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FF_Ledger-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1964_aerial.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/1964_aerial.jpg/220px-1964_aerial.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/1964_aerial.jpg/330px-1964_aerial.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/1964_aerial.jpg/440px-1964_aerial.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2405" data-file-height="2743" /></a><figcaption>Aerial View in 1964</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1966 <a href="/wiki/Life_(magazine)" title="Life (magazine)"><i>Life</i></a> magazine published an article criticizing Roberts and the college, calling him "The Wizard of Flunk Out U".<sup id="cite_ref-Life_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Life-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1966, a new football stadium, <a href="/wiki/Blum_Stadium" title="Blum Stadium">Blum Stadium</a> was dedicated. </p><p>In 1967 the NCA revoked the college's accreditation citing "administrative weakness" and a $14 million debt. Roberts responded with threats of a lawsuit, but the faculty voted 101 to 58 to remove Roberts from his position. In June 1967 the board of trustees asked for his resignation. William B. Munson became acting president for two months and was succeeded by Wayne E. Stamper, who served from 1967-1968.<sup id="cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FF_Ledger-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The school played its final season of football in 1970. Within a year enrollment had dropped to 2,000 students.<sup id="cite_ref-LA_Times_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LA_Times-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The school's enrollment plunged from 5,000 to 1,500, and though accreditation was regained in the spring of that year, the upheaval of the late 1960s had fatally undermined its reputation.<sup id="cite_ref-LA_Times_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LA_Times-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bubble_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bubble-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1973, Everett E. Hadley became acting president of the college.<sup id="cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FF_Ledger-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two innovative programs, "Foreign Language - Foreign Service Institute" and "Religious Service Community," attracted new students.<sup id="cite_ref-Bubble_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bubble-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, enrollment dropped to 925 students, the school went into bankruptcy and finally closed in 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-LA_Times_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LA_Times-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over the years Roberts had created satellite colleges that operated under the leadership of Parsons. They were <a href="/wiki/Lea_College" title="Lea College">Lea College</a> in Albert Lea, Minn., <a href="/wiki/John_J._Pershing_College" title="John J. Pershing College">John J. Pershing College</a> in Beatrice, Neb.; <a href="/wiki/Charles_City_College" title="Charles City College">Charles City College</a> in Charles City, Iowa; <a href="/wiki/College_of_Artesia" title="College of Artesia">College of Artesia</a> in Artesia, N.M.; <a href="/wiki/Hiram_Scott_College" title="Hiram Scott College">Hiram Scott College</a> in Scottsbluff, Neb.; and <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_College" title="Midwestern College">Midwestern College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Denison,_Iowa" title="Denison, Iowa">Denison, Iowa</a>. However, by 1973, all had fallen into bankruptcy.<sup id="cite_ref-LA_Times_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LA_Times-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 1974, the campus was purchased by <a href="/wiki/Maharishi_University_of_Management" class="mw-redirect" title="Maharishi University of Management">Maharishi International University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Engel_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Engel-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_alumni">Notable alumni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parsons_College&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notable alumni"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Andrews" title="William E. Andrews">William E. Andrews</a>, U.S. congressman from <a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Cochran" title="Ron Cochran">Ron Cochran</a>, network television anchor<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_T._Fischer" title="David T. Fischer">David T. Fischer</a>, former <a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_Morocco" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to Morocco">United States ambassador to Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rich_Folkers" title="Rich Folkers">Rich Folkers</a>, MLB pitcher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maruta_Gardner" title="Maruta Gardner">Maruta Gardner</a>, educator and community activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._Robert_Heller" title="H. Robert Heller">H. Robert Heller</a>, economist, banker, and Federal Reserve Board member<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Hennigan_(American_football)" title="Mike Hennigan (American football)">Mike Hennigan</a>, former <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">NFL</a> player and college football coach (<a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Tech_Golden_Eagles_football" title="Tennessee Tech Golden Eagles football">Tennessee Tech</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_M._Highsmith" title="Carol M. Highsmith">Carol M. Highsmith</a>, America's documentarian – America Collection in the Library of Congress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_L._Lawson" title="Richard L. Lawson">Richard L. Lawson</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a> general</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._Dickinson_Letts" title="F. Dickinson Letts">F. Dickinson Letts</a>, U.S. congressman (Iowa) and federal judge<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhine_McLin" title="Rhine McLin">Rhine McLin</a>, 54th mayor of <a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">Dayton, Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Paul_(politician)" title="Allen Paul (politician)">Allen E. Paul</a>, Indiana state senator, Republican representing District 27 from 1986 to 2014</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_R._Porter" title="Claude R. Porter">Claude R. Porter</a>, member of the <a href="/wiki/Iowa_General_Assembly" title="Iowa General Assembly">Iowa General Assembly</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney" title="United States Attorney">United States Attorney</a><sup id="cite_ref-isr_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isr-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Reinhoudt" title="Don Reinhoudt">Don Reinhoudt</a>, American powerlifter and strongman.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_P._Stiller" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert P. Stiller">Bob Stiller</a>, founder of Keurig Green Mountain coffee company now <a href="/wiki/Keurig_Dr_Pepper" title="Keurig Dr Pepper">Keurig Dr Pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcia_Wallace" title="Marcia Wallace">Marcia Wallace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emmy_award" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmy award">Emmy award</a>-winning actress (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Bob_Newhart_Show" title="The Bob Newhart Show">The Bob Newhart Show</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Simpsons" title="The Simpsons">The Simpsons</a></i>) and game show panelist</li></ul> <p><br /> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parsons_College&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Iowa_Source-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iowa_Source_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Goff, Rory and Rena (November 2012) Remembering Barhydt Chapel, Iowa Source, page F-1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FF_Ledger-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FF_Ledger_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gabbert, Dean (June 1, 1973) Life And Death Of A College, The Fairfield Ledger</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation 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a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140812094531/http://fairfieldiowahistory.com/maharishi-university-time-travel-to-parsons-college/">"Maharishi University time-travel to Parsons College"</a>. <i>fairfieldiowahistory.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fairfieldiowahistory.com/maharishi-university-time-travel-to-parsons-college/">the original</a> on 2014-08-12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fairfieldiowahistory.com&rft.atitle=Maharishi+University+time-travel+to+Parsons+College&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffairfieldiowahistory.com%2Fmaharishi-university-time-travel-to-parsons-college%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParsons+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LA_Times-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LA_Times_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LA_Times_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LA_Times_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LA_Times_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LA_Times_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nelson, Bryce (July 9, 1973) "The Death of a College -- Grand Idea That Failed", The Los Angeles Times</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Life-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Life_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrook1966" class="citation magazine cs1">Frook, John (June 1966). "The Wizard of Flunk-Out U". <i>Life</i>. Vol. 66, no. 20. pp. 77–82.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Life&rft.atitle=The+Wizard+of+Flunk-Out+U&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=20&rft.pages=77-82&rft.date=1966-06&rft.aulast=Frook&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParsons+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bubble-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bubble_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bubble_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoerner1970" class="citation book cs1">Koerner, James D. (1970) [June 1966]. <i>The Parsons Bubble: A Tale of Higher Education in America</i>. New York: Basic Books, Inc. pp. 178–213.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Parsons+Bubble%3A+A+Tale+of+Higher+Education+in+America&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=178-213&rft.pub=Basic+Books%2C+Inc.&rft.date=1970&rft.aulast=Koerner&rft.aufirst=James+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParsons+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mum.edu/about/history.html">Founding and History of MUM</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120721233151/http://www.mum.edu/about/history.html">Archived</a> 2012-07-21 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Maharishi University of Management web site, retrieved June 23, 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Engel-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Engel_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Engel, Allison <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/pss/40176850">"Maharishi International University mixes meditation and education"</a>, <i>Change</i> Vol 7 No 4 (May 1975) p. 19</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/07/26/obituaries/ron-cochran-81-television-anchor.html?pagewanted=print">obituary</a> <i>New York Times</i>, July 26, 1994</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.federalreservehistory.org/People/Detailview/46">Federal Reserve history</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/H/HennMi20.htm">"Mike Hennigan"</a>. Pro Football Reference dot com. 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mike+Hennigan&rft.pub=Pro+Football+Reference+dot+com&rft.date=2012&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pro-football-reference.com%2Fplayers%2FH%2FHennMi20.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParsons+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=L000258">"Letts, Fred Dickinson Biography"</a>. Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 27,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Letts%2C+Fred+Dickinson+Biography&rft.pub=Biographical+Directory+of+the+U.S.+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DL000258&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AParsons+College" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-isr-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-isr_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iagenweb.org/history/oir/27-28/183-185.htm">1927-28 Iowa Official Register</a>, pp. 183-85 (biographies of members of the Iowa State Board of Education).</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parsons_College&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100726080253/http://home.roadrunner.com/~gsteve/parsons.htm">Parsons College Directory</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parsonscollege.org">Parsons College.org</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://collegehistorygarden.blogspot.com/2014/12/iowa-colleges-that-have-closed-merged.html">Defunct Iowa Colleges</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/sc/archives/faq/faqcolleges/">Academic records for defunct Iowa colleges</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iagenweb.org/jefferson/ParsonsCollege/Parsons.html">The Rise and Fall of Parsons College</a></li></ul> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Parsons_College&params=41.0174_N_91.9680_W_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°01′03″N</span> <span class="longitude">91°58′05″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.0174°N 91.9680°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.0174; 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_Iowa#Defunct_institutions" title="List of colleges and universities in Iowa">Defunct colleges and universities in Iowa</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AIB_College_of_Business" title="AIB College of Business">AIB College of Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algona_College" title="Algona College">Algona College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashford_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashford University">Ashford University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_City_College" title="Charles City College">Charles City College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Des_Moines_University_(1865%E2%80%931929)" title="Des Moines University (1865–1929)">Des Moines University (1865–1929)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Park_College" title="Highland Park College">Highland Park College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leander_Clark_College" title="Leander Clark College">Leander Clark College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenox_College" title="Lenox College">Lenox College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marycrest_College_Historic_District" title="Marycrest College Historic District">Marycrest College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_College" title="Midwestern College">Midwestern College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottumwa_Heights_College" title="Ottumwa Heights College">Ottumwa Heights College</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Parsons College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sioux_Empire_College" title="Sioux Empire College">Sioux Empire College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabor_College_(Iowa)" title="Tabor College (Iowa)">Tabor College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westmar_University" title="Westmar University">Westmar University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vennard_College" title="Vennard College">Vennard College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parsons_College&oldid=1249475315#Athletics">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parsons_College&oldid=1249475315#Athletics</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Parsons_College" title="Category:Parsons College">Parsons College</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Demolished_buildings_and_structures_in_Iowa" title="Category:Demolished buildings and structures in Iowa">Demolished buildings and structures in Iowa</a></li><li><a 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