CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <title>Ballotpedia's Top 15 Ballot Measures and Trends to Watch, 2024 - Ballotpedia</title> <script>document.documentElement.className="client-js";RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"60fc6766c1bfb902f7bde2d6","wgCSPNonce":false,"wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Ballotpedia's_Top_15_Ballot_Measures_and_Trends_to_Watch,_2024","wgTitle":"Ballotpedia's Top 15 Ballot Measures and Trends to Watch, 2024","wgCurRevisionId":10128589,"wgRevisionId":10128589,"wgArticleId":1396876,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Past ballot measure year-end analyses"],"wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Ballotpedia's_Top_15_Ballot_Measures_and_Trends_to_Watch,_2024","wgRelevantArticleId": 1396876,"wgIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgMediaViewerOnClick":false,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":false};RLSTATE={"site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.ballotpediabootstrap.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.BPmap","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.ballotpediabootstrap.bootstrap.scripts","skins.ballotpediabootstrap.tooltips","ext.SimpleTooltip","mmv.head","mmv.bootstrap.autostart","ext.DoubleDropdown","ext.SingleDropdown","ext.FrontPageRSS","ext.PredictIt","ext.APIWidget","skins.ballotpediabootstrap.scripts"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.implement("user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"});});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/wiki/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cskins.ballotpediabootstrap.styles&only=styles&skin=ballotpediabootstrap"/> <script async="" src="/wiki/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=ballotpediabootstrap"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/wiki/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=ballotpediabootstrap"/> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.39.6"/> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"/> <meta name="description" content="Ballotpedia: The Encyclopedia of American Politics"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1000"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"/> <meta name="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"/> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"/> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"/> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@ballotpedia"/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Ballotpedia's Top 15 Ballot Measures and Trends to Watch, 2024 - Ballotpedia"/> <link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico"/> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/wiki/opensearch_desc.php" title="Ballotpedia (en)"/> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/api.php?action=rsd"/> <link rel="license" href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Ballotpedia Atom feed" href="/wiki/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ballotpedia.org/Ballotpedia%27s_Top_15_Ballot_Measures_and_Trends_to_Watch,_2024"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="data:text/css;charset=UTF-8;base64,I3RhcC1wcm9tbyBhIHtjb2xvcjojZjBhMjM2O30="/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="data:text/css;charset=UTF-8;base64,I3NvY2lhbC1zaGFyZS1idXR0b25zIHtkaXNwbGF5Om5vbmU7fQ=="/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Ballotpedia"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Ballotpedia's Top 15 Ballot Measures and Trends to Watch, 2024"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://ballotpedia.org/Ballotpedia%27s_Top_15_Ballot_Measures_and_Trends_to_Watch,_2024"/>  <script type="text/javascript"> var bp_env = "LIVE"; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> function imgError(image) { if ( image.src.includes("https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api/storage/uploads/thumbs/") ) { image.onerror = ""; //var new_src = image.src.replace("https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api/storage/uploads/thumbs/", "https://api.ballotpedia.org/v3/thumbnail/"); //image.src = new_src; } return true; } </script> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Libre+Franklin:ital,wght@0,200;0,300;0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;0,800;0,900;1,200;1,300;1,400;1,500;1,600;1,700;1,800;1,900&family=Open+Sans:ital,wght@0,200;0,400;0,600;0,800;1,200;1,400;1,600;1,800&display=swap" rel="stylesheet"> <script type="text/javascript">!function(t,o,e){e=t.createElement(o),t=t.getElementsByTagName(o)[0],e.async=1,e.src="https://resonantbrush.com/v2/0/fesblzozuRJjzHOf_VUD5C1xGS4NlcUiO5VCnQgEPI1ISxgUs3JntMnY9dAPUFAYqZJXR0cCujx",t.parentNode.insertBefore(e,t)}(document,"script"),function(t,o){t[o]=t[o]||function(){(t[o].q=t[o].q||[]).push(arguments)}}(document,window,"script","admiral");!function(t,e,n,a){function o(t){try{return t=localStorage.getItem("v4ac1eiZr0"),t&&t.split(",")[4]>0}catch(e){}return!1}function r(){var a=o();if(a){var r=t[e].pubads();typeof r.setTargeting===n&&r.setTargeting("admiral-engaged","true")}}a=t[e]=t[e]||{},a.cmd=a.cmd||[],typeof a.pubads===n?r():typeof a.cmd.unshift===n?a.cmd.unshift(r):a.cmd.push(r)}(window,"googletag","function");</script> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRFQ44Z');</script> <script id="headerbidder" type="text/javascript" src="//a.publir.com/platform/1375.js"></script><script>var googletag = googletag || {};googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || [];</script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://cadmus.script.ac/dmvhk981ozp8w/script.js'></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/SB-promo-header.css"> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Ballotpedia_s_Top_15_Ballot_Measures_and_Trends_to_Watch_2024 rootpage-Ballotpedia_s_Top_15_Ballot_Measures_and_Trends_to_Watch_2024 skin-ballotpediabootstrap action-view">  <script> document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", async function(event) { let trackingCategories = ['Election policy tracking', 'Redistricting tracking', 'Donor disclosure tracking', 'Current governors', 'Current member, U.S. House', 'Current member, U.S. Senate', 'ESG page views', 'Federalism tracking', 'UI tracking', 'State ballots, 2021', 'State ballots, 2022', 'TASP GA', 'Education policy tracking', 'Criminal justice policy tracking', 'UL profile', 'UL overview', 'Work requirement page views', 'REINS page views', 'DOE page views', 'TSP2023', 'TSP2023school', 'School district election breakoffs']; let lis = document.querySelectorAll("#catlinks li"); let allCategories = ''; for (let i = 0; i < lis.length; i++) { if (trackingCategories.includes(lis[i].textContent)) { allCategories = allCategories + lis[i].textContent + '|'; } } allCategories = allCategories.slice(0, -1); if (allCategories) { ga('send', 'event', 'Page Category View', 'Page Category', allCategories, { nonInteraction: true }); } if ((allCategories && allCategories.includes("Republican Party")) || (allCategories && allCategories.includes("Democratic Party"))) { ga('send', 'event', 'Non-tracking category', 'Page URL', `${allCategories} - ${window.location.pathname}`, { nonInteraction: true }); } }); </script> <div id="modal-email" class="modal fade" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" aria-label="Press escape to close" data-dismiss="modal">×</button> <h4 class="modal-title">Sign up to receive Ballotpedia's daily newsletter</h4> </div> <div id="right-container" style="margin: 4%;"> <form class="form" id="whatcounts-form" name="whatcounts-form-skin" action="javascript:void(0)" onsubmit="submitForm(event)"> <input type="hidden" name="list_ids" id="list_ids" value="18" /> <input type="hidden" name="cmd" value="subscribe" /> <input type="hidden" name="goto" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="errors_to" value="" /> <input type="hidden" id="format_mime" name="format" value="mime" /> <input type="hidden" id="custom_source" name="custom_source" value="site_skin" /> <p class="form-field email pd-text required required-custom"> <label class="field-label" for="email">Email *</label> <input type="text" name="email" id="email" value="" class="text" size="30" maxlength="255"> </p> <p class="form-field first_name pd-text"> <label class="field-label" for="first_name">First Name</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="first_name" value="" class="text" size="30" maxlength="40"> </p> <div class="text-center"> <div id="recaptcha-service" class="g-recaptcha" style="display: inline-block" data-callback="recaptchaCallback" data-sitekey="6LdtdxgUAAAAAPd0NqIuHMYS_GQReTlIbayVJ_qn"></div> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?hl=en"></script> <p id="showSkinCaptchaMessage">Please complete the Captcha above</p> </div> <p class="submit"> <input type="submit" value="Subscribe" style="text-shadow:none !important;background:#334aab !important;color:white !important;"> </p> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <script> window.recaptchaCallback = undefined; var captcha = false; document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { window.recaptchaCallback = function recaptchaCallback(response) { let formData = new FormData(); formData.append('g-recaptcha-response', response); fetch("https://ballotpedia.org/recaptcha.php", { body: formData, method: "POST" }).then(function(res) { return res.text(); }).then(function(data) { if (data) { captcha = true; } }); } }); function submitForm(e) { if (!captcha) { e.preventDefault(); document.getElementById('showSkinCaptchaMessage').style.display = 'block'; } else { $.post("https://ballotpedia.org/whatcounts_subscribe.php", { email: $('#email').val(), first: $('#first_name').val(), last: $('#last_name').val(), list_ids: $('#list_ids').val() }, function(result) { setTimeout(function() { window.location = 'https://ballotpedia.org/Thank_you'; }, 1000); }); } } </script>    <div id="modal-facebook" class="modal fade" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" aria-label="Press escape to close" data-dismiss="modal">×</button> <h4 class="modal-title">Ballotpedia on Facebook</h4> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <p><a class="btn-block btn-lg btn-primary" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fballotpedia.org%2FBallotpedia%27s_Top_15_Ballot_Measures_and_Trends_to_Watch,_2024"><span class="fa fa-facebook"></span>   Share this page</a><br /></p> <p><a class="btn-block btn-lg btn-primary" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/Ballotpedia/"><span class="fa fa-facebook"></span>   Follow Ballotpedia</a><br /></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="modal-twitter" class="modal fade" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" aria-label="Press escape to close" data-dismiss="modal">×</button> <h4 class="modal-title">Ballotpedia on Twitter</h4> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <p><a class="btn-block btn-lg btn-info" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/home?status=https%3A%2F%2Fballotpedia.org%2FBallotpedia%27s_Top_15_Ballot_Measures_and_Trends_to_Watch,_2024"><span class="fa fa-twitter"></span>   Share this page</a><br /></p> <p><a class="btn-block btn-lg btn-info" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/Ballotpedia/"><span class="fa fa-twitter"></span>   Follow Ballotpedia</a><br /></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="bp-header" class="affix"> <div id="bp-header-mid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row header-blue-row"> <a href="#" class="bp-header-email-toggle" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-email"><button class="header-btn-mobile hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg">Subscribe</button></a> <a href="#" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-twitter"><i class="fa fa-twitter header-icon-mobile hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <a href="#" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-facebook"><i class="fa fa-facebook header-icon-mobile hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>  <a href="https://donate.ballotpedia.org" target="_blank"><button class="header-btn-mobile hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg">Donate</button></a> </div>  <div class="row vcenter main-header-row">  <div class="col-xs-1 hidden-lg"> <a href="#" id="bp-header-nav-toggle"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-menu-hamburger"></span></a> </div> <div class="col-xs-10 col-lg-12"> <div class="row vcenter"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-3 col-md-2 col-lg-3 text-center hidden-xs"> <a href="#" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-twitter"><i class="fa fa-twitter header-icon" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <a href="#" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-facebook"><i class="fa fa-facebook header-icon" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>  <a href="#" class="bp-header-email-toggle hidden-lg" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-email"><button class="header-subscribe-btn">Subscribe</button></a> <a href="#" class="bp-header-email-toggle hidden-xs hidden-sm hidden-md" style="margin-left: 30px" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-email"><button class="header-subscribe-btn">Subscribe</button></a> </div>  <div class="col-xs-2 center-block hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg"> <a href="/"><img style="width: 50px; vertical-align: unset" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/images/bp-logo-sm.svg" alt="Ballotpedia Logo" title="The Encyclopedia of American Politics"></a> </div>  <div class="col-xs-10 col-sm-6 col-md-8 col-lg-6">  <a class="center-block hidden-xs" id="bp-header-logo-desktop" href="/"> <img src="/wiki/skins/BallotpediaBootstrap/images/bp-logo.svg" alt="Ballotpedia Logo" title="The Encyclopedia of American Politics"> </a>  <div id="bp-header-search"> <form action="/wiki/index.php" id="searchform"> <div class="form-group"> <button type="submit" class="bp-header-search-go btn-link"><span class="fa fa-search"></span></button> <input id="searchInput" class="search-query" type="search" accesskey="f" title="Special:Search" placeholder="Search the Encyclopedia of American Politics." name="search" value=""> <input class="searchButton btn hidden" type="submit" name="go" title="Go to a page with this exact name if it exists" id="mw-searchButton" value="Go"/> </div> </form></div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-3 col-md-2 col-lg-3 text-center hidden-xs"> <a href="https://donate.ballotpedia.org" target="_blank"><button class="header-donate-btn">Donate</button></a> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="col-xs-1 hidden-lg toc-mobile"> <a href="#" id="bp-header-toc-toggle"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-list"></span></a> </div>  </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-page-base"></div> <div id="mw-head-base"></div> <a id="top"></a>  <div id="contentwrapper" class="user-loggedout not-editable container with-navbar with-navbar-fixed">  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1548351491831-0' style="text-align:center;" class="ad header-ad"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1548351491831-0'); }); </script> </div> <div id="div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3053" class="publirAds"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(event) { if (event.slot.getSlotElementId() == "div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3053") { googletag.display("div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3053"); } }); }); </script> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-offset-0 col-md-12" role="main"> <div class="mw-body" id="content"> <div id="mw-js-message" style="display:none;" ></div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading page-header" lang="en"><span dir="auto"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ballotpedia's Top 15 Ballot Measures and Trends to Watch, 2024</span></span></h1>  <div id="bodyContent"> <div id="siteSub">From Ballotpedia</div> <div id="contentSub" ></div> <div id="jump-to-nav" class="mw-jump"> Jump to: <a href="#mw-navigation">navigation</a>, <a href="#p-search">search</a> </div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-parser-output"><center><div class="nomobile"> <div class="portal-masthead"> <div class="floatleft"><a href="/Elections" title="Elections"><img alt="Ballotpedia-Elections-Portal-Masthead-Image-icons.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/6/62/Ballotpedia-Elections-Portal-Masthead-Image-icons.png" decoding="async" width="956" height="141" data-file-width="956" data-file-height="141" /></a></div> </div></div></center> <center><div class="bp-dropdown-menu"> <ul><li>Presidential election <ul><li><a href="/Presidential_candidates,_2024" title="Presidential candidates, 2024">Presidential candidates</a></li></ul></li> <li>Congress elections <ul><li><a href="/United_States_Congress_elections,_2024" title="United States Congress elections, 2024">U.S. Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_Senate_elections,_2024" title="United States Senate elections, 2024">U.S. Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2024" title="United States House of Representatives elections, 2024">U.S. House</a></li> <li><a href="/Special_elections_to_the_118th_United_States_Congress_(2023-2024)" title="Special elections to the 118th United States Congress (2023-2024)">Congressional special elections</a></li></ul></li> <li>State elections <ul><li><a href="/2024_ballot_measures" title="2024 ballot measures">Ballot measures</a></li> <li><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2024" title="State executive official elections, 2024">State executives</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2024" title="State legislative elections, 2024">State legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_special_elections,_2024" title="State legislative special elections, 2024">State legislature special elections</a></li> <li><a href="/State_supreme_court_elections,_2024" title="State supreme court elections, 2024">State supreme courts</a></li> <li><a href="/State_intermediate_appellate_court_elections,_2024" title="State intermediate appellate court elections, 2024">Intermediate appellate courts</a></li></ul></li> <li>Local elections <ul><li><a href="/Local_ballot_measure_elections_in_2024" title="Local ballot measure elections in 2024">Ballot measures</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2024" title="United States municipal elections, 2024">Municipal government</a></li> <li><a href="/School_board_elections,_2024" title="School board elections, 2024">School boards</a></li> <li><a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2024" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2024">Trial courts</a></li> <li><a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2024" title="Political recall efforts, 2024">Political recalls</a></li></ul></li> <li>Voter information <ul><li><a href="/Sample_Ballot_Lookup" title="Sample Ballot Lookup">Sample ballot</a></li> <li><a href="/Elections_calendar" title="Elections calendar">Election calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024" title="Election results, 2024">Election results</a></li> <li><a href="/State_Poll_Opening_and_Closing_Times_(2024)" title="State Poll Opening and Closing Times (2024)">Poll opening and closing times</a></li> <li><a href="/Voting_policies_in_the_United_States" title="Voting policies in the United States">Voting policies</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></center> <table class="infobox" style="width:22%; background:#F6F6F6; font-size:100%; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 2px 5px #A0A0A0; float:right; padding:5px; margin:5px; text-align: left;"> <tbody><tr><th style="background-color: #2B2B2B; padding-top: 0.25em; padding-bottom: 0.25em; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 2px 5px #A0A0A0; color:white; font-size:130%; text-align: center;"><a href="/2024_ballot_measures" title="2024 ballot measures"><span style="color:white;">2024 U.S. state<br />ballot measures</span></a></th></tr> <tr><td style="padding-top: 10px;" colspan="2"><div style="float:right; margin-top: 0.0em; margin-bottom:3px; box-shadow: 0px 2px 5px lightgray; background-color: white; padding: 0.25em 0.5em 0.25em 0.5em; font-size: 110%; border:0px;"><b><a href="/2025_ballot_measures" title="2025 ballot measures">2025</a></b> <span style="font-size: larger;font-weight: bold;">»</span></div> <div style="float:left; margin-top: 0.0em; box-shadow: 0px 2px 5px lightgray; margin-bottom:3px; background-color: white; padding: 0.25em 0.5em 0.25em 0.5em; font-size: 110%; border:0px;"><span style="font-size: larger;font-weight: bold;">«</span> <b><a href="/2023_ballot_measures" title="2023 ballot measures">2023</a></b> </div> </td></tr> <tr><td style="padding-top: 9px; padding-bottom: 10px; text-align: center;"><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/2024_ballot_measures" title="2024 ballot measures"><img alt="BallotMeasureFinal badge.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/6/6d/BallotMeasureFinal_badge.png/200px-BallotMeasureFinal_badge.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="191" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/6/6d/BallotMeasureFinal_badge.png/300px-BallotMeasureFinal_badge.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/6/6d/BallotMeasureFinal_badge.png/400px-BallotMeasureFinal_badge.png 2x" data-file-width="792" data-file-height="756" /></a></div></div></td></tr> <tr><td style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 2px 5px lightgray; padding: 0.25em 0em 0.25em .7em; font-size:110%;"> <b><a href="/2024_ballot_measures" title="2024 ballot measures">Overview</a></b></td></tr> <tr><td style="padding-left: 4.2em;"><a href="/Ballot_Measure_Scorecard,_2024" title="Ballot Measure Scorecard, 2024">Scorecard</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="padding-left: 4.2em;"><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Tuesday_Count_for_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Tuesday Count for 2024">Tuesday Count</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="padding-left: 4.2em;"><a href="/Ballot_measure_petition_deadlines_and_requirements,_2024" title="Ballot measure petition deadlines and requirements, 2024">Deadlines</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="padding-left: 4.2em;"><a href="/Ballot_measure_petition_deadlines_and_requirements,_2024" title="Ballot measure petition deadlines and requirements, 2024">Requirements</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="padding-left: 4.2em;"><a href="/List_of_ballot_measure_lawsuits_in_2024" title="List of ballot measure lawsuits in 2024">Lawsuits</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="padding-left: 4.2em;"><a href="/Ballot_measure_readability_scores,_2024" title="Ballot measure readability scores, 2024">Readability</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="padding-left: 4.2em;"><a href="/Official_voter_guides_to_2024_statewide_ballot_measures" title="Official voter guides to 2024 statewide ballot measures">Voter guides</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="padding-left: 4.2em;"><a href="/2024_ballot_measure_election_results" title="2024 ballot measure election results">Election results</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 2px 5px lightgray; padding: 0.25em 0em 0.25em .7em; font-size:110%;"> <b>Campaigns</b></td></tr> <tr><td style="padding-left: 4.2em;"><a href="/2024_ballot_measure_polls" title="2024 ballot measure polls">Polls</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="padding-left: 4.2em;"><a href="/2024_ballot_measure_media_endorsements" title="2024 ballot measure media endorsements">Media editorials</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="padding-left: 4.2em;"><a href="/Ballot_initiatives_filed_for_the_2024_ballot" title="Ballot initiatives filed for the 2024 ballot">Filed initiatives</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 2px 5px lightgray; padding: 0.25em 0em 0.25em .7em; font-size:110%;"> <b><a href="/Ballot_measure_campaign_finance,_2024" title="Ballot measure campaign finance, 2024">Finances</a></b></td></tr> <tr><td style="padding-left: 4.2em;"><a href="/Ballot_measure_campaign_finance,_2024" title="Ballot measure campaign finance, 2024">Contributions</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="padding-left: 4.2em;"><a href="/Ballot_measure_signature_costs,_2024" title="Ballot measure signature costs, 2024">Signature costs</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 2px 5px lightgray; padding: 0.25em 0em 0.25em .7em; font-size:100%;"> <i><b><a href="/State_Ballot_Measure_Monthly" title="State Ballot Measure Monthly">Ballot Measure Monthly</a></b></i></td></tr> <tr><td style="background-color: white; border: 0px; box-shadow: 0px 2px 5px lightgray; padding: 0.25em 0em 0.25em .7em; font-size:100%;"> <b><a href="/Ballot_measure_petition_deadlines_and_requirements,_2024" title="Ballot measure petition deadlines and requirements, 2024">Signature requirements</a></b></td></tr><tr><td><div style="margin-top:1%; margin-bottom:1%;padding:1px;font-size:95%; text-align:center;"><div id="tap-promo" style="font-weight:bold;">Have you subscribed yet?</div> <p>Join the hundreds of thousands of readers trusting Ballotpedia to keep them up to date with the latest political news. Sign up for the Daily Brew. <br /><i><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Daily_Brew" title="Ballotpedia's Daily Brew">Click here to learn more</a></i>. </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><big><i><b>October 19, 2024</b></i></big> </p><p>Voters in 41 states will decide on 146 statewide ballot measures at the general election on <a href="/2024_ballot_measures" title="2024 ballot measures">November 5</a>. This year's ballot measures address issues like <a href="/History_of_abortion_ballot_measures" title="History of abortion ballot measures">abortion</a>, <a href="/History_of_ranked-choice_voting_(RCV)_ballot_measures" title="History of ranked-choice voting (RCV) ballot measures">ranked-choice voting</a>, non-citizen voting, criminal justice, wages, and drug-use policies. </p><p>Earlier in 2024, voters in five states decided on nine ballot measures. Voters approved five and rejected four of these measures. On December 7, voters in one state, Louisiana, will decide on four ballot measures. Overall, 159 statewide ballot measures are certified for the ballot in 41 states in 2024. To see statewide ballot measures on the ballot in 2024, click <a href="/2024_ballot_measures" title="2024 ballot measures">here</a>. </p><p>We've compiled a list of 15 ballot measures and trends to watch on Nov. 5, 2024. Click on the following links to read more about each ballot measure. The list order is based on topics or similar issues. </p> <ul><li><a href="#Florida_Amendment_4"><b>Florida Amendment 4</b></a>: Right to Abortion Initiative</li> <li><a href="#Southwestern_Swing_States:_Arizona_and_Nevada"><b>Southwestern Swing States, Arizona and Nevada</b></a>: Right to Abortion Initiatives</li> <li><a href="#Competing_Initiatives:_Nebraska_Initiative_434_and_439"><b>Nebraska Initiative 434 and 439</b></a>: Competing Abortion Initiatives</li> <li><a href="#Cities:_Amarillo_and_San_Francisco"><b>Amarillo, Texas, and San Francisco, California</b></a>: Local Abortion Measures</li> <li><a href="#Alaska_Ballot_Measure_2:_Repeal_Top-Four_RCV_Initiative"><b>Alaska Ballot Measure 2</b></a>: Repeal Top-Four RCV Initiative</li> <li><a href="#Top-Four_and_Top-Five_RCV:_Colorado,_Idaho,_and_Nevada"><b>Colorado, Idaho, and Nevada RCV</b></a>: Top-Four and Top-Five RCV Initiatives</li> <li><a href="#Competing_Amendments:_Arizona_Propositions_133_and_140"><b>Arizona Propositions 133 and 140</b></a>: Competing Electoral Systems Amendments</li> <li><a href="#Washington,_D.C._Initiative_83"><b>Washington, D.C. Initiative 83</b></a>: RCV Initiative</li> <li><a href="#Eight_States_to_Vote_on_Non-Citizen_Voting_Bans"><b>Eight States</b></a>: Non-Citizen Voting Ban Amendments</li> <li><a href="#Ohio_Issue_1"><b>Ohio Issue 1</b></a>: Redistricting Commission Initiative</li> <li><a href="#California_Proposition_36"><b>California Proposition 36</b></a>: Drug and Theft Crime Penalties Initiative</li> <li><a href="#Florida_Amendment_3"><b>Florida Amendment 3</b></a>: Marijuana Legalization Initiative</li> <li><a href="#Washington_Initiatives_2066_and_2117"><b>Washington Initiatives 2066 and 2117</b></a>: Energy Policy Initiatives</li> <li><a href="#Constitutions_and_School_Choice:_Colorado_and_Kentucky"><b>Colorado and Kentucky</b></a>: School Choice Amendments</li> <li><a href="#Nebraska_Referendum_435"><b>Nebraska Referendum 435</b></a>: Private School Education Scholarships Referendum</li></ul> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Abortion"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Abortion</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Florida_Amendment_4"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Florida Amendment 4</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Southwestern_Swing_States:_Arizona_and_Nevada"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Southwestern Swing States: Arizona and Nevada</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Competing_Initiatives:_Nebraska_Initiative_434_and_439"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Competing Initiatives: Nebraska Initiative 434 and 439</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Cities:_Amarillo_and_San_Francisco"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Cities: Amarillo and San Francisco</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Electoral_systems"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Electoral systems</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Alaska_Ballot_Measure_2:_Repeal_Top-Four_RCV_Initiative"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Alaska Ballot Measure 2: Repeal Top-Four RCV Initiative</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Top-Four_and_Top-Five_RCV:_Colorado,_Idaho,_and_Nevada"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Top-Four and Top-Five RCV: Colorado, Idaho, and Nevada</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Competing_Amendments:_Arizona_Propositions_133_and_140"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Competing Amendments: Arizona Propositions 133 and 140</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Washington,_D.C._Initiative_83"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">Washington, D.C. Initiative 83</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#Citizenship"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Citizenship</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Eight_States_to_Vote_on_Non-Citizen_Voting_Bans"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Eight States to Vote on Non-Citizen Voting Bans</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Redistricting"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Redistricting</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Ohio_Issue_1"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Ohio Issue 1</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#Criminal_Justice"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Criminal Justice</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="#California_Proposition_36"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">California Proposition 36</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#Marijuana"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Marijuana</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="#Florida_Amendment_3"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">Florida Amendment 3</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="#Energy"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Energy</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><a href="#Washington_Initiatives_2066_and_2117"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">Washington Initiatives 2066 and 2117</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="#Education"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Education</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22"><a href="#Constitutions_and_School_Choice:_Colorado_and_Kentucky"><span class="tocnumber">8.1</span> <span class="toctext">Constitutions and School Choice: Colorado and Kentucky</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23"><a href="#Nebraska_Referendum_435"><span class="tocnumber">8.2</span> <span class="toctext">Nebraska Referendum 435</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="#Election_coverage_by_state"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Election coverage by state</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="#Election_resources"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Election resources</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26"><a href="#Footnotes"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Footnotes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Abortion">Abortion</span></h2> <p><a href="/History_of_abortion_ballot_measures" title="History of abortion ballot measures">Abortion</a> has been a topic for statewide ballot measures since the 1970s. However, in 2022, following <i><a href="/Dobbs_v._Jackson_Women%E2%80%99s_Health_Organization" title="Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization">Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization</a></i>, a then-record number of abortion-related measures were on the ballot, including three from campaigns that described themselves as pro-choice or pro-reproductive rights. In 2023, voters in Ohio approved <a href="/Ohio_Issue_1,_Right_to_Make_Reproductive_Decisions_Including_Abortion_Initiative_(2023)" title="Ohio Issue 1, Right to Make Reproductive Decisions Including Abortion Initiative (2023)">Issue 1</a>. </p><p>On November 5, 2024, voters decided on 11 abortion-related ballot measures—the most on record for a single year. Ten would provide for state constitutional rights to abortion: <a href="/Arizona_Proposition_139,_Right_to_Abortion_Initiative_(2024)" title="Arizona Proposition 139, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)">Arizona</a>, <a href="/Colorado_Amendment_79,_Right_to_Abortion_and_Health_Insurance_Coverage_Initiative_(2024)" title="Colorado Amendment 79, Right to Abortion and Health Insurance Coverage Initiative (2024)">Colorado</a>, <a href="/Florida_Amendment_4,_Right_to_Abortion_Initiative_(2024)" title="Florida Amendment 4, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)">Florida</a>, <a href="/Maryland_Question_1,_Right_to_Reproductive_Freedom_Amendment_(2024)" title="Maryland Question 1, Right to Reproductive Freedom Amendment (2024)">Maryland</a>, <a href="/Missouri_Amendment_3,_Right_to_Reproductive_Freedom_Initiative_(2024)" title="Missouri Amendment 3, Right to Reproductive Freedom Initiative (2024)">Missouri</a>, <a href="/Montana_CI-128,_Right_to_Abortion_Initiative_(2024)" title="Montana CI-128, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)">Montana</a>, <a href="/Nebraska_Right_to_Abortion_Initiative_(2024)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebraska Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)">Nebraska</a>, <a href="/New_York_Equal_Protection_of_Law_Amendment_(2024)" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Equal Protection of Law Amendment (2024)">New York</a>, <a href="/Nevada_Question_6,_Right_to_Abortion_Initiative_(2024)" title="Nevada Question 6, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)">Nevada</a>, and <a href="/South_Dakota_Constitutional_Amendment_G,_Right_to_Abortion_Initiative_(2024)" title="South Dakota Constitutional Amendment G, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)">South Dakota</a>. One, in <a href="/Nebraska_Prohibit_Abortions_After_the_First_Trimester_Amendment_(2024)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebraska Prohibit Abortions After the First Trimester Amendment (2024)">Nebraska</a>, would limit the timeframe for when an abortion can be performed. </p><p>Both Vice President <a href="/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a> (D) and former President <a href="/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> (R) commented on the ballot measure trend. Harris said, “Since <i>Roe</i> was overturned, every time reproductive freedom has been on the ballot, the people of America voted for freedom. From <a href="/Kansas_No_State_Constitutional_Right_to_Abortion_and_Legislative_Power_to_Regulate_Abortion_Amendment_(August_2022)" title="Kansas No State Constitutional Right to Abortion and Legislative Power to Regulate Abortion Amendment (August 2022)">Kansas</a> to <a href="/California_Proposition_1,_Right_to_Reproductive_Freedom_Amendment_(2022)" title="California Proposition 1, Right to Reproductive Freedom Amendment (2022)">California</a> to <a href="/Kentucky_Constitutional_Amendment_2,_No_Right_to_Abortion_in_Constitution_Amendment_(2022)" title="Kentucky Constitutional Amendment 2, No Right to Abortion in Constitution Amendment (2022)">Kentucky</a>, in <a href="/Michigan_Proposal_3,_Right_to_Reproductive_Freedom_Initiative_(2022)" title="Michigan Proposal 3, Right to Reproductive Freedom Initiative (2022)">Michigan</a>, <a href="/Montana_LR-131,_Medical_Care_Requirements_for_Born-Alive_Infants_Measure_(2022)" title="Montana LR-131, Medical Care Requirements for Born-Alive Infants Measure (2022)">Montana</a>, <a href="/Vermont_Proposal_5,_Right_to_Personal_Reproductive_Autonomy_Amendment_(2022)" title="Vermont Proposal 5, Right to Personal Reproductive Autonomy Amendment (2022)">Vermont</a>, and <a href="/Ohio_Issue_1,_Right_to_Make_Reproductive_Decisions_Including_Abortion_Initiative_(2023)" title="Ohio Issue 1, Right to Make Reproductive Decisions Including Abortion Initiative (2023)">Ohio</a>, the people of America voted for freedom.”<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup> Harris endorsed several of the right-to-abortion ballot initiatives in 2024. Trump said, "But the people of <a href="/Ohio_Issue_1,_Right_to_Make_Reproductive_Decisions_Including_Abortion_Initiative_(2023)" title="Ohio Issue 1, Right to Make Reproductive Decisions Including Abortion Initiative (2023)">Ohio</a> decided. The people of <a href="/Kansas_No_State_Constitutional_Right_to_Abortion_and_Legislative_Power_to_Regulate_Abortion_Amendment_(August_2022)" title="Kansas No State Constitutional Right to Abortion and Legislative Power to Regulate Abortion Amendment (August 2022)">Kansas</a> decided. The people are now deciding, and it's taken it off the shoulders of the federal government. Always, they wanted it to be decided by the states, and <i>Roe v. Wade</i> didn't do that. It put it into the federal government. So, now, states are voting on it."<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup> Trump, a resident of Florida, said he will vote "no" on <a href="/Florida_Amendment_4,_Right_to_Abortion_Initiative_(2024)" title="Florida Amendment 4, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)">Florida Amendment 4</a>, which would provide for a state constitutional right to abortion.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Florida_Amendment_4">Florida Amendment 4</span></h4> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Florida_Amendment_4,_Right_to_Abortion_Initiative_(2024)" title="Florida Amendment 4, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)">Florida Amendment 4, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><a href="/Florida_Amendment_4,_Right_to_Abortion_Initiative_(2024)" title="Florida Amendment 4, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)">Florida Amendment 4</a> will be among the most-watched ballot measures on Nov. 5, including among other abortion-related ballot measures, for a few reasons: </p> <ul><li>Florida has the largest population among the states considering abortion-related measures.</li> <li>The state has trended more Republican, at least in the previous two presidential elections.</li> <li>Florida requires a 60% vote to approve constitutional amendments, which is a higher threshold compared to other states deciding on abortion measures on Nov. 5.</li></ul> <p>Amendment 4 would add the following language to the <a href="/Article_I,_Florida_Constitution" title="Article I, Florida Constitution">Florida Constitution’s Declaration of Rights</a>: “… no law shall prohibit, penalize, delay, or restrict abortion before viability or when necessary to protect the patient’s health, as determined by the patient’s healthcare provider.” Amendment 4 would maintain the <a href="/Florida_Amendment_1,_Parental_Notification_of_Abortion_Measure_(2004)" title="Florida Amendment 1, Parental Notification of Abortion Measure (2004)">current constitutional provision</a> that permits a law requiring parents to be notified before a minor can receive an abortion. </p><p>Florida has a six-week abortion ban, which went into effect on May 1, 2024. </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Southwestern_Swing_States:_Arizona_and_Nevada">Southwestern Swing States: Arizona and Nevada</span></h4> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Arizona_Proposition_139,_Right_to_Abortion_Initiative_(2024)" title="Arizona Proposition 139, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)">Arizona Proposition 139, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)</a></i></dd> <dd><i>See also: <a href="/Nevada_Question_6,_Right_to_Abortion_Initiative_(2024)" title="Nevada Question 6, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)">Nevada Question 6, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>The <a href="/Democratic_Congressional_Campaign_Committee" title="Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee">Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee</a> (<a href="/Democratic_Congressional_Campaign_Committee" title="Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee">DCCC</a>) issued a memo saying the ballot measures guarantee "that reproductive freedom will remain a driving issue for voters this November," and that "House Republicans’ extremism will cost them in states with abortion ballot initiatives."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup> </p><p>Nathaniel Rakich, senior editor and elections analyst at FiveThirtyEight, described this idea: "Proponents of this theory often make the 'reverse coattails' argument: that abortion-rights ballot measures increase turnout among liberal voters, who will vote for Democratic candidates elsewhere on the ballot while they're at it." He also said, "[T]he data on whether these abortion-rights ballot measures goosed turnout is inconclusive."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup> </p><p>James Blair, the political director for <a href="/Donald_Trump_presidential_campaign,_2024" title="Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2024">Trump's 2024 campaign</a>, said, "In many ways, the ballot initiatives, one could argue, are favorable to Republicans because it allows a voter to exercise their judgments on abortion policy and their state on the one hand while exercising judgment on who should serve as president [on the other]."<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup> </p><p>Of the 10 states voting on abortion-related ballot measures on Nov. 5, the two states with the closest results in the last presidential election were in the Southwest: Arizona and Nevada. Both of these states also have <a href="/United_States_Senate_elections,_2024#Battlegrounds" title="United States Senate elections, 2024">battleground U.S. Senate elections</a>, as well as <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2024#Battleground_list" title="United States House of Representatives elections, 2024">battleground U.S. House elections</a>. </p><p><a href="/Arizona_Proposition_139,_Right_to_Abortion_Initiative_(2024)" title="Arizona Proposition 139, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)">Arizona Proposition 139</a> and <a href="/Nevada_Question_6,_Right_to_Abortion_Initiative_(2024)" title="Nevada Question 6, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)">Nevada Question 6</a> would both provide for a <i>fundamental right to abortion</i> in their respective state constitutions. Both would allow the states to prohibit or otherwise restrict abortion after fetal viability, except when certain healthcare professionals determine that an abortion is needed to protect the life or health of the pregnant woman. </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Competing_Initiatives:_Nebraska_Initiative_434_and_439">Competing Initiatives: Nebraska Initiative 434 and 439</span></h4> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Nebraska_Initiative_434,_Prohibit_Abortions_After_the_First_Trimester_Amendment_(2024)" title="Nebraska Initiative 434, Prohibit Abortions After the First Trimester Amendment (2024)">Nebraska Initiative 434, Prohibit Abortions After the First Trimester Amendment (2024)</a></i></dd> <dd><i>See also: <a href="/Nebraska_Initiative_439,_Right_to_Abortion_Initiative_(2024)" title="Nebraska Initiative 439, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)">Nebraska Initiative 439, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Voters in Nebraska will decide on <a href="/Superseding_initiative" title="Superseding initiative">competing ballot measures</a> on abortion. <a href="/Nebraska_Initiative_434,_Prohibit_Abortions_After_the_First_Trimester_Amendment_(2024)" title="Nebraska Initiative 434, Prohibit Abortions After the First Trimester Amendment (2024)">Initiative 434</a> would prohibit abortions after the first trimester, except for medical emergencies or cases related to rape or incest. <a href="/Nebraska_Initiative_439,_Right_to_Abortion_Initiative_(2024)" title="Nebraska Initiative 439, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)">Initiative 439</a> would establish a "fundamental right to abortion until fetal viability, or when needed to protect the life or health of the pregnant patient." </p><p>Could voters approve both ballot initiatives? Polling indicates that both have support of around 45%, with around 15% undecided.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup> In Nebraska, when two conflicting measures are approved, the measure with the most affirmative votes supersedes the other one at points of conflict. </p><p>Secretary of State <a href="/Bob_Evnen" title="Bob Evnen">Bob Evnen</a> (R) said, "[T]his November general election ballot will host two ballot measures that appear in direct conflict with each other, which could be the first time this has happened in Nebraska’s history." He said Gov. <a href="/Jim_Pillen" title="Jim Pillen">Jim Pillen</a> (R) would be responsible for determining whether there is a conflict per state law.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup> </p><p>The competing measures are also significant because this is the <a href="/History_of_abortion_ballot_measures" title="History of abortion ballot measures">first time</a> voters anywhere will decide on conflicting abortion-related ballot measures on the same ballot. </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Cities:_Amarillo_and_San_Francisco">Cities: Amarillo and San Francisco</span></h4> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Amarillo,_Texas,_Proposition_A,_Local_Abortion_Policies_Initiative_(November_2024)" title="Amarillo, Texas, Proposition A, Local Abortion Policies Initiative (November 2024)">Amarillo, Texas, Proposition A, Local Abortion Policies Initiative (November 2024)</a></i></dd> <dd><i>See also: <a href="/San_Francisco,_California,_Proposition_O,_Local_Reproductive_Healthcare_Including_Abortion_Policies_Initiative_(2024)" title="San Francisco, California, Proposition O, Local Reproductive Healthcare Including Abortion Policies Initiative (2024)">San Francisco, California, Proposition O, Local Reproductive Healthcare Including Abortion Policies Initiative (2024)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Abortion isn't just an issue for state ballot measures. Voters in at least two cities, Amarillo, Texas, and San Francisco, California, will decide on abortion-related local ballot initiatives on Nov. 5. Both address an issue that the state ballot measures do not: Can governments penalize individuals leaving jurisdictions where abortions are illegal or restricted to obtain abortions elsewhere? </p><p>In Amarillo, voters will decide on <a href="/Amarillo,_Texas,_Proposition_A,_Local_Abortion_Policies_Initiative_(November_2024)" title="Amarillo, Texas, Proposition A, Local Abortion Policies Initiative (November 2024)">Proposition A</a>, which would prohibit residents from receiving abortions outside Amarillo and prohibit people from transporting residents to locations outside Amarillo to receive abortions. In San Francisco, on the other hand, voters will decide on <a href="/San_Francisco,_California,_Proposition_O,_Local_Reproductive_Healthcare_Including_Abortion_Policies_Initiative_(2024)" title="San Francisco, California, Proposition O, Local Reproductive Healthcare Including Abortion Policies Initiative (2024)">Proposition O</a>, which would prohibit officials and employees from sharing information with out-of-state or federal law enforcement about state-legal abortions, decisions to have abortions, and other matters. </p><p>Amarillo Proposition A would also establish the jurisdiction as a <i>Sanctuary City for the Unborn</i>; declare that abortion is illegal in Amarillo, with exceptions to save the pregnant woman's life; provide that abortion-inducing drugs are unlawful contraband; designate organizations that use mail to send items intended for abortions as criminal organizations and prohibit them from operating in Amarillo; and provide that private persons have standing to bring civil actions against persons who violate or intend to violate Proposition A. </p><p>San Francisco Proposition O would also declare that San Francisco shall not "investigate or prosecute a person for having accessed or provided reproductive health care" or "assist or cooperate with such an investigation or prosecution," excluding cases involving "the use of coercion or force against the pregnant person" or "criminal negligence that harmed the health of the pregnant person;" establish the Reproductive Freedom Fund, which would receive private donations, including grants, gifts, and bequests, and distribute the funds to support "access to abortions and emergency contraception in San Francisco;" and create a new service class called Reproductive Health Clinics that are permitted throughout San Francisco, excluding certain residential areas. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Electoral_systems">Electoral systems</span></h2> <p>The ballot initiative has played a <a href="/History_of_ranked-choice_voting_(RCV)_ballot_measures" title="History of ranked-choice voting (RCV) ballot measures">prominent role</a> in proposing changes to state and local <a href="/Electoral_system" title="Electoral system">electoral systems</a> across the United States. In 2024, voters will decide on a record number of statewide ballot measures on <a href="/Ranked-choice_voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranked-choice voting">ranked-choice voting</a> (RCV)—<a href="/Alaska_Ballot_Measure_2,_Repeal_Top-Four_Ranked-Choice_Voting_Initiative_(2024)" title="Alaska Ballot Measure 2, Repeal Top-Four Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (2024)">Alaska</a>, <a href="/Colorado_Top-Four_Ranked-Choice_Voting_Initiative_(2024)" class="mw-redirect" title="Colorado Top-Four Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (2024)">Colorado</a>, <a href="/Idaho_Top-Four_Ranked-Choice_Voting_Initiative_(2024)" class="mw-redirect" title="Idaho Top-Four Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (2024)">Idaho</a>, <a href="/Missouri_Amendment_7,_Require_Citizenship_to_Vote_and_Prohibit_Ranked-Choice_Voting_Amendment_(2024)" title="Missouri Amendment 7, Require Citizenship to Vote and Prohibit Ranked-Choice Voting Amendment (2024)">Missouri</a>, <a href="/Nevada_Top-Five_Ranked-Choice_Voting_Initiative_(2024)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nevada Top-Five Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (2024)">Nevada</a>, and <a href="/Oregon_Ranked-Choice_Voting_for_Federal_and_State_Elections_Measure_(2024)" class="mw-redirect" title="Oregon Ranked-Choice Voting for Federal and State Elections Measure (2024)">Oregon</a>. There are other electoral system changes on the ballot, including competing measures in <a href="/Arizona_2024_ballot_measures" title="Arizona 2024 ballot measures">Arizona</a>, two measures in <a href="/Montana_2024_ballot_measures" title="Montana 2024 ballot measures">Montana</a>, and a top-two primaries initiative in <a href="/South_Dakota_Constitutional_Amendment_H,_Top-Two_Primary_Elections_Initiative_(2024)" title="South Dakota Constitutional Amendment H, Top-Two Primary Elections Initiative (2024)">South Dakota</a>. </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Alaska_Ballot_Measure_2:_Repeal_Top-Four_RCV_Initiative">Alaska Ballot Measure 2: Repeal Top-Four RCV Initiative</span></h4> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Alaska_Ballot_Measure_2,_Repeal_Top-Four_Ranked-Choice_Voting_Initiative_(2024)" title="Alaska Ballot Measure 2, Repeal Top-Four Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (2024)">Alaska Ballot Measure 2, Repeal Top-Four Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (2024)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>While other citizen-initiated ballot measures would enact RCV, <a href="/Alaska_Ballot_Measure_2,_Repeal_Top-Four_Ranked-Choice_Voting_Initiative_(2024)" title="Alaska Ballot Measure 2, Repeal Top-Four Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (2024)">Alaska Ballot Measure 2</a> would repeal the state's top-four ranked-choice voting system, which was approved in <a href="/Alaska_Ballot_Measure_2,_Top-Four_Ranked-Choice_Voting_and_Campaign_Finance_Laws_Initiative_(2020)" title="Alaska Ballot Measure 2, Top-Four Ranked-Choice Voting and Campaign Finance Laws Initiative (2020)">2020</a>. Alaska is the first state to vote on repealing RCV, although <a href="/History_of_ranked-choice_voting_(RCV)_ballot_measures#List_of_local_ballot_measures_by_topic" title="History of ranked-choice voting (RCV) ballot measures">several localities</a> have adopted and then later voted on repealing the system. </p><p>In Alaska, all candidates appear on a single primary ballot regardless of their party affiliation, and the top four vote-getters advance to the general election. Then, in the general election, RCV is used to rank the four candidates. </p><p>Ballot Measure 2 would revert the state's electoral system to partisan primaries and general elections in which the candidate who receives the most votes wins the election. </p><p>In Alaska, top-four RCV was first utilized in 2022, when <a href="/Mary_Peltola" title="Mary Peltola">Mary Peltola</a> (D) defeated <a href="/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin">Sarah Palin</a> (R) in a <a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_special_election_in_Alaska,_2022" title="United States House of Representatives special election in Alaska, 2022">special election</a>. Phillip Izon, director of Alaskans for Honest Elections, which initiated the repeal proposal, said his grandfather found the electoral system difficult to understand in 2022. He said that was one factor that motivated his effort. Izon said, "He voted for just one person. And so if he doesn’t understand this, then there’s probably a lot of other people that didn’t understand it."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup> Rodger Painter, a former journalist and legislative staffer, said, "Like many other Alaskans, I was initially skeptical of RCV, but I now am fully onboard. The election of the first Native Alaskan, and first woman, to represent Alaska in Congress was a deciding moment. Rep. Mary Peltola came out of nowhere and it’s only because of RCV. RCV has already helped Alaskans elect more moderate legislators and will do more to change the face of politics in Alaska if the petition to repeal it is rejected."<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span id="Top-Four_and_Top-Five_RCV:_Colorado.2C_Idaho.2C_and_Nevada"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Top-Four_and_Top-Five_RCV:_Colorado,_Idaho,_and_Nevada">Top-Four and Top-Five RCV: Colorado, Idaho, and Nevada</span></h4> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Colorado_Proposition_131,_Top-Four_Ranked-Choice_Voting_Initiative_(2024)" title="Colorado Proposition 131, Top-Four Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (2024)">Colorado Proposition 131, Top-Four Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (2024)</a></i></dd> <dd><i>See also: <a href="/Idaho_Proposition_1,_Top-Four_Ranked-Choice_Voting_Initiative_(2024)" title="Idaho Proposition 1, Top-Four Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (2024)">Idaho Proposition 1, Top-Four Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (2024)</a></i></dd> <dd><i>See also: <a href="/Nevada_Question_3,_Top-Five_Ranked-Choice_Voting_Initiative_(2024)" title="Nevada Question 3, Top-Five Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (2024)">Nevada Question 3, Top-Five Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (2024)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Voters in Colorado, Idaho, and Nevada will decide on ballot initiatives combining top-four or top-five primaries and ranked-choice voting general elections. </p><p>Primaries would look similar in the three states but differ in terms of the number of candidates that advance to the general elections. Candidates would be listed on the same ballot regardless of the candidate's partisan affiliation. Voters would choose one candidate. In Colorado and Idaho, the <a href="/Top-four_primary" title="Top-four primary">four candidates</a> who received the most votes would advance to the general election. In Nevada, the <a href="/Final-five_voting" title="Final-five voting">five candidates</a> who received the most votes would advance to the general election. </p><p>Voters would then use ranked-choice voting in general elections to rank the four or five candidates that advanced from the primaries. The system that combines top-five primaries and RCV general elections, such as what is proposed in Nevada, is sometimes called <i><a href="/Final-five_voting" title="Final-five voting">final-five voting</a></i>. </p><p>Nevada is also unique amongst the initiative-and-referendum states in that citizen-initiated constitutional amendments must be approved twice. Voters approved Question 3 in 2022, with 52.94% voting to approve the initiative. </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Competing_Amendments:_Arizona_Propositions_133_and_140">Competing Amendments: Arizona Propositions 133 and 140</span></h4> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Arizona_Proposition_133,_Require_Partisan_Primaries_and_Prohibit_Primaries_Where_Candidates_Compete_Regardless_of_Party_Affiliation_Amendment_(2024)" title="Arizona Proposition 133, Require Partisan Primaries and Prohibit Primaries Where Candidates Compete Regardless of Party Affiliation Amendment (2024)">Arizona Proposition 133, Require Partisan Primaries and Prohibit Primaries Where Candidates Compete Regardless of Party Affiliation Amendment (2024)</a></i></dd> <dd><i>See also: <a href="/Arizona_Proposition_140,_Single_Primary_for_All_Candidates_and_Possible_RCV_General_Election_Initiative_(2024)" title="Arizona Proposition 140, Single Primary for All Candidates and Possible RCV General Election Initiative (2024)">Arizona Proposition 140, Single Primary for All Candidates and Possible RCV General Election Initiative (2024)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Voters in Arizona will decide on two constitutional amendments related to electoral systems—<a href="/Arizona_Proposition_133,_Require_Partisan_Primaries_and_Prohibit_Primaries_Where_Candidates_Compete_Regardless_of_Party_Affiliation_Amendment_(2024)" title="Arizona Proposition 133, Require Partisan Primaries and Prohibit Primaries Where Candidates Compete Regardless of Party Affiliation Amendment (2024)">Proposition 133</a> and <a href="/Arizona_Proposition_140,_Single_Primary_for_All_Candidates_and_Possible_RCV_General_Election_Initiative_(2024)" title="Arizona Proposition 140, Single Primary for All Candidates and Possible RCV General Election Initiative (2024)">Proposition 140</a>. Republicans in the <a href="/Arizona_State_Legislature" title="Arizona State Legislature">Arizona State Legislature</a> voted to place Proposition 133 on the ballot, while Proposition 140 is a citizen-initiated ballot measure from the Make Elections Fair PAC. </p><p>Proposition 133 would add the existing system of partisan primaries to the Arizona Constitution. Proposition 140 would require primaries in which candidates, regardless of partisan affiliation, appear on a single ballot and a certain number advance to the general election, such as <a href="/Top-two_primary" title="Top-two primary">top-two</a> or <a href="/Top-four_primary" title="Top-four primary">top-four primaries</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup> These two systems contradict. In Arizona, when two ballot measures of the same type (both are constitutional amendments) contradict and both pass, the measure that receives the most votes would supersede the other at points of conflict. However, determining those points of conflict could require the courts. Barry Markson, a legal analyst for <i>KTAR</i>, said, "It definitely could result in litigation, and I wouldn’t be surprised if it did. My expectation would be that the now-losing proposition would say that although part of the referendum was in conflict with the other, not the entire thing was. They may try to have part of their initiative stay."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup> </p><p>Proposition 140 would prohibit using public funds to administer partisan primaries at the federal, state, and local levels, except for presidential preference primaries that allow independents to participate. The ballot initiative would also extend beyond primaries to general election systems. The ballot initiative would require the use of ranked-choice voting in general elections when three or more candidates advance from the primaries (for one-winner general elections). </p> <h4><span id="Washington.2C_D.C._Initiative_83"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Washington,_D.C._Initiative_83">Washington, D.C. Initiative 83</span></h4> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Washington,_D.C.,_Initiative_83,_Ranked-Choice_Voting_Initiative_(November_2024)" title="Washington, D.C., Initiative 83, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2024)">Washington, D.C., Initiative 83, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2024)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>RCV is also an issue on local ballots. From 1965 to 2023, there were at least 74 local ballot measures related to RCV. In 2024, voters in five cities will decide on RCV, including adopting RCV in <a href="/Richmond,_California,_Measure_L,_Ranked-Choice_Voting_Measure_(November_2024)" title="Richmond, California, Measure L, Ranked-Choice Voting Measure (November 2024)">Richmond, California</a>, and <a href="/Oak_Park,_Illinois,_Ranked-Choice_Voting_for_Village_President_and_Board_of_Trustees_Initiative_(November_2024)" title="Oak Park, Illinois, Ranked-Choice Voting for Village President and Board of Trustees Initiative (November 2024)">Oak Park, Illinois</a>, a non-binding measure on RCV in <a href="/Peoria_Township,_Illinois,_Ranked-Choice_Voting_Advisory_Question_(November_2024)" title="Peoria Township, Illinois, Ranked-Choice Voting Advisory Question (November 2024)">Peoria Township, Illinois</a>, and a measure to repeal RCV in <a href="/Bloomington,_Minnesota,_Question_1,_Repeal_of_Ranked-Choice_Voting_Initiative_(November_2024)" title="Bloomington, Minnesota, Question 1, Repeal of Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2024)">Bloomington, Minnesota</a>. The largest jurisdiction to vote on ranked-choice voting on Nov. 5 is the nation's capital, Washington, D.C. </p><p><a href="/Washington,_D.C.,_Initiative_83,_Ranked-Choice_Voting_Initiative_(November_2024)" title="Washington, D.C., Initiative 83, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative (November 2024)">Washington, D.C., Initiative 83</a> would establish ranked-choice voting for elections in Washington, D.C., beginning in 2026. Voters would be permitted to rank up to 5 candidates, including a write-in candidate. RCV would be used in federal elections, including the presidential election, and municipal elections. </p><p>The ballot initiative would also change the district's primaries from being <a href="/Closed_primary" title="Closed primary">closed</a> to <a href="/Semi-closed_primary" title="Semi-closed primary">semi-closed</a>, meaning that unaffiliated voters would be allowed to vote in a political party's primary election. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Citizenship">Citizenship</span></h2> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Eight_States_to_Vote_on_Non-Citizen_Voting_Bans">Eight States to Vote on Non-Citizen Voting Bans</span></h4> <p>Bans on <a href="/Laws_permitting_noncitizens_to_vote_in_the_United_States" title="Laws permitting noncitizens to vote in the United States">noncitizen voting</a> at the state level have become more frequent since 2018. Voters in six states approved ballot measures banning noncitizen voting from 2018 to 2022. In 2024, eight state legislatures referred constitutional amendments to the ballot to prohibit the state or local governments from allowing non-citizen voting. The eight states are <a href="/Idaho_Citizenship_Requirement_for_Voting_Amendment_(2024)" class="mw-redirect" title="Idaho Citizenship Requirement for Voting Amendment (2024)">Idaho</a>, <a href="/Iowa_Require_Citizenship_to_Vote_in_Elections_and_Allow_17-Year-Olds_to_Vote_in_Primaries_Amendment_(2024)" class="mw-redirect" title="Iowa Require Citizenship to Vote in Elections and Allow 17-Year-Olds to Vote in Primaries Amendment (2024)">Iowa</a>, <a href="/Kentucky_Citizenship_Requirement_for_Voting_Amendment_(2024)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kentucky Citizenship Requirement for Voting Amendment (2024)">Kentucky</a>, <a href="/Missouri_Voting_Citizenship_Requirement_and_Prohibiting_Ranked_Choice_Voting_Amendment_(2024)" class="mw-redirect" title="Missouri Voting Citizenship Requirement and Prohibiting Ranked Choice Voting Amendment (2024)">Missouri</a>, <a href="/North_Carolina_Citizenship_Requirement_for_Voting_Amendment_(2024)" title="North Carolina Citizenship Requirement for Voting Amendment (2024)">North Carolina</a>, <a href="/Oklahoma_Citizenship_Requirement_for_Voting_Amendment_(2024)" class="mw-redirect" title="Oklahoma Citizenship Requirement for Voting Amendment (2024)">Oklahoma</a>, <a href="/South_Carolina_Citizenship_Requirement_for_Voting_Amendment_(2024)" title="South Carolina Citizenship Requirement for Voting Amendment (2024)">South Carolina</a>, and <a href="/Wisconsin_Citizenship_Voting_Requirement_Amendment_(2024)" title="Wisconsin Citizenship Voting Requirement Amendment (2024)">Wisconsin</a>. </p><p>As of 2024, municipalities in California, Maryland, and Vermont, along with Washington, D.C., allowed noncitizens to vote in some local elections. In November, voters in <a href="/Santa_Ana,_California,_Measure_DD,_Noncitizen_Voting_in_Municipal_Elections_Amendment_(November_2024)" title="Santa Ana, California, Measure DD, Noncitizen Voting in Municipal Elections Amendment (November 2024)">Santa Ana, California</a>, decided on a <a href="/Santa_Ana,_California,_Measure_DD,_Noncitizen_Voting_in_Municipal_Elections_Amendment_(November_2024)" title="Santa Ana, California, Measure DD, Noncitizen Voting in Municipal Elections Amendment (November 2024)">ballot measure</a> to allow noncitizens to vote in municipal elections. </p><p>Jack Tomczak, Vice President of Americans for Citizen Voting, which supports the ballot measures, said, "We, and legislators who sponsor these, are getting ahead of fixing a problem that maybe has not reared its head as much in these states. It’s not like it’s happening everywhere and it must be stopped immediately. But preemption is not a bad thing." Jonathan Diaz, Director of Voting Advocacy for the Campaign Legal Center, said, "These proposed constitutional amendments are aimed really at two things: preventing local governments in those states from allowing non-U.S. citizens to vote in local elections, and advancing this false narrative that non-U.S. citizens are somehow participating in U.S. elections in large numbers, which is totally unsupported by any evidence or facts."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Redistricting">Redistricting</span></h2> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Ohio_Issue_1">Ohio Issue 1</span></h4> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Ohio_Issue_1,_Establish_the_Citizens_Redistricting_Commission_Initiative_(2024)" title="Ohio Issue 1, Establish the Citizens Redistricting Commission Initiative (2024)">Ohio Issue 1, Establish the Citizens Redistricting Commission Initiative (2024)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Voters in Ohio will address one ballot measure on November 5—<a href="/Ohio_Issue_1,_Establish_the_Citizens_Redistricting_Commission_Initiative_(2024)" title="Ohio Issue 1, Establish the Citizens Redistricting Commission Initiative (2024)">Issue 1</a>, a citizen-initiated constitutional amendment to change the <a href="/Redistricting_in_Ohio" title="Redistricting in Ohio">state's redistricting process</a> for congressional and state legislative districts. </p><p>The ballot initiative would create a new 15-member <a href="/Redistricting_commissions" title="Redistricting commissions">non-politician commission</a>, named the Ohio Citizens Redistricting Commission (CRC), which would be responsible for developing and adopting redistricting plans. The CRC would have 15 members: five Republicans, five Democrats, and five individuals who are independents or members of other political parties.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup> </p><p>The CRC would replace the Ohio Redistricting Commission, a seven-member <a href="/Redistricting_commissions" title="Redistricting commissions">politician commission</a> established in <a href="/Ohio_Issue_1,_Redistricting_Commission_Amendment_(2015)" title="Ohio Issue 1, Redistricting Commission Amendment (2015)">2015</a> for state legislative districts, and the multi-step process established for congressional districts in <a href="/Ohio_Issue_1,_Congressional_Redistricting_Procedures_Amendment_(May_2018)" title="Ohio Issue 1, Congressional Redistricting Procedures Amendment (May 2018)">2018</a>. </p><p>Issue 1 would require “the statewide proportion of districts… that favors each political party shall correspond closely to the statewide partisan preferences of the voters of Ohio.” </p><p>Currently, the Ohio Constitution includes language about favoring or disfavoring political parties and statewide partisan preferences. However, there is disagreement regarding whether these provisions are intended as binding requirements or as aspirational guidelines, as noted in a legal motion from Senate President <a href="/Matt_Huffman" title="Matt Huffman">Matt Huffman</a> (R) and former House Speaker <a href="/Bob_Cupp" title="Bob Cupp">Bob Cupp</a> (R).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></sup> Issue 1 would provide a method for determining partisan preferences in redistricting, which you can learn more about <a href="/Ohio_Issue_1,_Establish_the_Citizens_Redistricting_Commission_Initiative_(2024)#Measure_design" title="Ohio Issue 1, Establish the Citizens Redistricting Commission Initiative (2024)">here</a>. </p><p>Andrew Tobias, the chief political reporter for Cleveland.com/<i>The Plain Dealer</i>, said, "The change likely will threaten, or at least make more competitive, some of the 10 Ohio congressional districts that range from solidly Republican to safe Republican, measured by past election results."<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup> Heading into November, Ohio has 15 congressional districts, of which Republicans hold 10 and Democrats hold five. </p><p>Citizens Not Politicians, the political action committee (PAC) behind Issue 1, has received funding from the <a href="/Sixteen_Thirty_Fund" title="Sixteen Thirty Fund">Sixteen Thirty Fund</a>, the American Civil Liberties Union, and Article IV, among other organizations. The opposition PAC, Ohio Works, was established after the most recent campaign finance deadline, which means financial information is not yet available. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Criminal_Justice">Criminal Justice</span></h2> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="California_Proposition_36">California Proposition 36</span></h4> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/California_Proposition_36,_Drug_and_Theft_Crime_Penalties_and_Treatment-Mandated_Felonies_Initiative_(2024)" title="California Proposition 36, Drug and Theft Crime Penalties and Treatment-Mandated Felonies Initiative (2024)">California Proposition 36, Drug and Theft Crime Penalties and Treatment-Mandated Felonies Initiative (2024)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><a href="/California_Proposition_36,_Drug_and_Theft_Crime_Penalties_and_Treatment-Mandated_Felonies_Initiative_(2024)" title="California Proposition 36, Drug and Theft Crime Penalties and Treatment-Mandated Felonies Initiative (2024)">California Proposition 36</a> would make several changes to 2014's <a href="/California_Proposition_47,_Reduced_Penalties_for_Some_Crimes_Initiative_(2014)" title="California Proposition 47, Reduced Penalties for Some Crimes Initiative (2014)">Proposition 47</a>, which reduced penalties for certain crimes—such as theft and shoplifting of goods valued at no more than $950 and certain drug possession offenses—for those without prior convictions for murder, rape, certain sex offenses, or certain gun crimes. The effect of Proposition 47 on criminal activities in succeeding years is a <a href="/California_Proposition_47,_Reduced_Penalties_for_Some_Crimes_Initiative_(2014)#Aftermath" title="California Proposition 47, Reduced Penalties for Some Crimes Initiative (2014)">topic of debate</a> in California. </p><p>Proposition 36 would change those policies, such as charging theft and shoplifting, including when the goods are valued at less than $950, as felonies when the person has two or more prior theft-related convictions. People convicted of these crimes could face prison sentences of up to three years, instead of the current six-month limit. Sentences could also be adjusted based on the value of the stolen property. The ballot initiative would increase penalties for certain drug offenses and add fentanyl to the list of drugs that lead to felony charges when possessed with a loaded firearm. </p><p>The ballot initiative would create a new offense called <i>treatment-mandated felonies</i> for individuals with two or more prior drug convictions who are found in possession of fentanyl, heroin, cocaine, or methamphetamine. If the individual agrees not to contest the charge, they would be referred to treatment following an evaluation for substance use and mental health. Those who successfully complete treatment would have their felony dismissed. However, individuals who fail to complete treatment would be required to serve up to three years in state prison. As of 2024, state law classified the possession of illegal drugs as a misdemeanor. </p><p>Los Angeles County Supervisor <a href="/Kathryn_Barger" title="Kathryn Barger">Kathryn Barger</a> (R) said, "This truly is targeted toward the people that have been doing the smash and grabs and individuals that are repeat offenders, that have used the provision of 47 as a loophole and understand how to manipulate the system."<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup> Gov. <a href="/Gavin_Newsom" title="Gavin Newsom">Gavin Newsom</a> (D), who supported Proposition 47 in 2014, said, "[Proposition 36] has nothing to do with retail theft. That initiative is about going back to the 1980s and the War on Drugs."<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Marijuana">Marijuana</span></h2> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Florida_Amendment_3">Florida Amendment 3</span></h4> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Florida_Amendment_3,_Marijuana_Legalization_Initiative_(2024)" title="Florida Amendment 3, Marijuana Legalization Initiative (2024)">Florida Amendment 3, Marijuana Legalization Initiative (2024)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Marijuana has been a recurring trend for ballot measures since at least 2010, though there were a few before then. From 2010 to 2023, there were 24 ballot measures to legalize the recreational or personal use of marijuana. In 2024, three states will decide on marijuana legalization ballot measures: <a href="/Florida_Amendment_3,_Marijuana_Legalization_Initiative_(2024)" title="Florida Amendment 3, Marijuana Legalization Initiative (2024)">Florida</a>, <a href="/North_Dakota_Marijuana_Legalization_Initiative_(2024)" class="mw-redirect" title="North Dakota Marijuana Legalization Initiative (2024)">North Dakota</a>, and <a href="/South_Dakota_Initiated_Measure_29,_Marijuana_Legalization_Initiative_(2024)" title="South Dakota Initiated Measure 29, Marijuana Legalization Initiative (2024)">South Dakota</a>. </p><p>In Florida, <a href="/Florida_Amendment_3,_Marijuana_Legalization_Initiative_(2024)" title="Florida Amendment 3, Marijuana Legalization Initiative (2024)">Amendment 3</a> is one of the most expensive ballot measure campaigns this year and, between supporters and opponents, the most expensive marijuana-related ballot measure election on record. The most expensive marijuana legalization ballot measure, before 2024, was <a href="/California_Proposition_64,_Marijuana_Legalization_(2016)" title="California Proposition 64, Marijuana Legalization (2016)">California's Proposition 64</a>, which voters approved in 2016. Proposition 64 saw $27.14 million in contributions, including $25.07 million from supporters and $2.08 million from opponents. As of October 14, Florida Amendment 3 saw $121.67 million between supporters and opponents. Supporters of Amendment 3, led by the Smart & Safe Florida PAC, received $101.38 million. Opponents, led by the Keep Florida Clean PAC, received $20.91 million. </p><p>Amendment 3 would legalize recreational marijuana, including the possession of up to three ounces of marijuana. Existing Medical Marijuana Treatment Centers would be authorized to sell marijuana for personal use. </p><p>The Florida Democratic Party and former President <a href="/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> (R) endorsed Amendment 3, while the Florida Republican Party and Gov. <a href="/Ron_DeSantis" title="Ron DeSantis">Ron DeSantis</a> (R) oppose the proposal. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Energy">Energy</span></h2> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Washington_Initiatives_2066_and_2117">Washington Initiatives 2066 and 2117</span></h4> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Washington_Initiative_2066,_Natural_Gas_Policies_Measure_(2024)" title="Washington Initiative 2066, Natural Gas Policies Measure (2024)">Washington Initiative 2066, Natural Gas Policies Measure (2024)</a></i></dd> <dd><i>See also: <a href="/Washington_Initiative_2117,_Prohibit_Carbon_Tax_Credit_Trading_and_Repeal_Carbon_Cap-and-Invest_Program_Measure_(2024)" title="Washington Initiative 2117, Prohibit Carbon Tax Credit Trading and Repeal Carbon Cap-and-Invest Program Measure (2024)">Washington Initiative 2117, Prohibit Carbon Tax Credit Trading and Repeal Carbon Cap-and-Invest Program Measure (2024)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Voters in Washington will decide on two ballot initiatives related to the state's energy policies, including natural gas regulations and carbon tax credit trading programs, also known as cap-and-trade or cap-and-tax. Both have the support of the <a href="/Let%27s_Go_Washington_PAC_(2024)" title="Let's Go Washington PAC (2024)">Let's Go Washington PAC</a>. Brian Heywood, CEO of Taiyo Pacific Partners, founded the PAC and is the committee's largest donor. </p><p><a href="/Washington_Initiative_2066,_Natural_Gas_Policies_Measure_(2024)" title="Washington Initiative 2066, Natural Gas Policies Measure (2024)">Initiative 2066</a> would prohibit state and local governments from restricting access to natural gas, among other provisions. <a href="/Washington_Initiative_2117,_Prohibit_Carbon_Tax_Credit_Trading_and_Repeal_Carbon_Cap-and-Invest_Program_Measure_(2024)" title="Washington Initiative 2117, Prohibit Carbon Tax Credit Trading and Repeal Carbon Cap-and-Invest Program Measure (2024)">Initiative 2117</a> would repeal the 2021 Washington Climate Commitment Act (CCA), a state law that provides for a cap-and-invest program designed to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 95% by 2050. The program limits the state's total carbon emissions. Businesses emitting over 25,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide must purchase allowances to cover their permitted greenhouse gas emissions. Initiative 2117 would also prohibit the state from enacting similar programs. </p><p>Washington Senate Minority Leader <a href="/John_Braun" title="John Braun">John Braun</a> (R-20), who supports the initiatives, said, "[T]he bill targeting natural gas likely would never have existed if it wasn’t for the cap-and-tax law. They are cut from the same cloth. For that reason, the passage of both I-2117 and I-2066 would give Washington lawmakers incentive to think more about household budgets and less about appeasing special interests and billionaire donors when considering future carbon-related policies."<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a></sup> </p><p>Gov. <a href="/Jay_Inslee" title="Jay Inslee">Jay Inslee</a> (D) stated, "This initiative [Initiative 2117] — this defective, deceptive, dangerous initiative — only guarantees one thing, and that's more pollution."<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></sup> He also said, "We don't want a message from Washington State going to the rest of the political class of members of Congress and legislators to think this was potentially rejected. So, this is a very important national fight that we're having here in Washington State."<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Education">Education</span></h2> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Constitutions_and_School_Choice:_Colorado_and_Kentucky">Constitutions and School Choice: Colorado and Kentucky</span></h4> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Colorado_Amendment_80,_Constitutional_Right_to_School_Choice_Initiative_(2024)" title="Colorado Amendment 80, Constitutional Right to School Choice Initiative (2024)">Colorado Amendment 80, Constitutional Right to School Choice Initiative (2024)</a></i></dd> <dd><i>See also: <a href="/Kentucky_Constitutional_Amendment_2,_Allow_State_Funding_for_Non-Public_Education_Amendment_(2024)" title="Kentucky Constitutional Amendment 2, Allow State Funding for Non-Public Education Amendment (2024)">Kentucky Constitutional Amendment 2, Allow State Funding for Non-Public Education Amendment (2024)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Supporters of <a href="/School_choice_in_the_United_States" title="School choice in the United States"><i>school choice</i> programs</a>, defined as policies that provide families with taxpayer funding for private education or homeschooling, are seeking to expand these policies through constitutional amendments in two states, Colorado and Kentucky. </p><p><a href="/Colorado_Amendment_80,_Constitutional_Right_to_School_Choice_Initiative_(2024)" title="Colorado Amendment 80, Constitutional Right to School Choice Initiative (2024)">Colorado Amendment 80</a> would add a new section to the Colorado Constitution stating that "Each K-12 child has the right to school choice," defined as "neighborhood, charter, private, and home schools, open enrollment options, and future innovations in education." The ballot initiative would also provide that "parents have the right to direct the education of their children" and "all children have the right to equal opportunity to access a quality education." </p><p><a href="/Kentucky_Constitutional_Amendment_2,_Allow_State_Funding_for_Non-Public_Education_Amendment_(2024)" title="Kentucky Constitutional Amendment 2, Allow State Funding for Non-Public Education Amendment (2024)">Kentucky Amendment 2</a> would provide that <a href="/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">General Assembly</a> can "provide financial support for the education of students outside the system of common schools." The legislature voted to place the amendment on the ballot following several court rulings. In 2022, the Kentucky Supreme Court ruled against a program offering tax credits to individuals or businesses that donate to nonprofits providing scholarships for private school students.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a></sup> In 2023, a circuit court judge found that charter school funding legislation violated the Kentucky Constitution.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></sup> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Nebraska_Referendum_435">Nebraska Referendum 435</span></h4> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Nebraska_Referendum_435,_Private_Education_Scholarship_Program_Referendum_(2024)" title="Nebraska Referendum 435, Private Education Scholarship Program Referendum (2024)">Nebraska Referendum 435, Private Education Scholarship Program Referendum (2024)</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><a href="/Nebraska_Referendum_435,_Private_Education_Scholarship_Program_Referendum_(2024)" title="Nebraska Referendum 435, Private Education Scholarship Program Referendum (2024)">Nebraska Referendum 435</a> would repeal legislation that allocates $10 million each year for a scholarship program for eligible students to cover costs to attend accredited private schools. That legislation would provide that the average scholarship amount awarded per student must not exceed 75% of the statewide average general fund operating formula per student. </p><p>Support Our Schools, the campaign behind Referendum 435, earlier qualified another referendum against a bill establishing a nonrefundable tax credit for donations to scholarship-granting organizations for private school scholarships. However, the legislature repealed the bill, leaving no legislation to overturn, and that referendum was removed from the ballot. The legislature then passed the private school scholarship bill. Jenni Benson, president of the Nebraska State Education Association, said the repeal-and-replace vote was a "cowardly and cynical attempt to deny Nebraskans their right to vote."<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a></sup> Sen. <a href="/Lou_Ann_Linehan" title="Lou Ann Linehan">Lou Ann Linehan</a> (R-39), who sponsored both bills, said, "We took it from 25 million to 10 with no escalator, and it’s no longer a tax credit. That’s what they said the problem was. ... we listened, and we adjusted to what they said was problematic."<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></sup> </p><p>Since 2000, there have been at least three veto referendums against school choice policies—<a href="/Arizona_Proposition_305,_Expansion_of_Empowerment_Scholarship_Accounts_Referendum_(2018)" title="Arizona Proposition 305, Expansion of Empowerment Scholarship Accounts Referendum (2018)">Arizona Proposition 305</a> (2018), <a href="/Utah_School_Vouchers,_Referendum_1_(2007)" title="Utah School Vouchers, Referendum 1 (2007)">Utah Referendum 1</a> (2007), and <a href="/Washington_Referendum_55,_Charter_School_Authorization_Measure_(2004)" title="Washington Referendum 55, Charter School Authorization Measure (2004)">Washington Referendum 55</a> (2004). Voters repealed the legislation in each case. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Election_coverage_by_state">Election coverage by state</span></h2> <p><i>Click your state on the map below to navigate to relevant election information.<br />See also: <a href="/Elections_by_state_and_year" title="Elections by state and year">Elections by state and year</a>.</i> </p> <div class="select-state"> <div class="mobile-only bp-map-dropdown"><select name="state" style="width:auto; border:1px solid #CCC;" onchange="dest='http://ballotpedia.org/STATE_elections,_2024'; if($(this).val()!='') document.location = dest.replace('STATE', $(this).val().replace(' ', '_'));"><option value="">Choose your state...</option><option value="Alabama">Alabama</option><option value="Alaska">Alaska</option><option value="Arizona">Arizona</option><option value="Arkansas">Arkansas</option><option value="California">California</option><option value="Colorado">Colorado</option><option value="Connecticut">Connecticut</option><option value="Delaware">Delaware</option><option value="Florida">Florida</option><option value="Georgia">Georgia</option><option value="Hawaii">Hawaii</option><option value="Idaho">Idaho</option><option value="Illinois">Illinois</option><option value="Indiana">Indiana</option><option value="Iowa">Iowa</option><option value="Kansas">Kansas</option><option value="Kentucky">Kentucky</option><option value="Louisiana">Louisiana</option><option value="Maine">Maine</option><option value="Maryland">Maryland</option><option value="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</option><option value="Michigan">Michigan</option><option value="Minnesota">Minnesota</option><option value="Mississippi">Mississippi</option><option value="Missouri">Missouri</option><option value="Montana">Montana</option><option value="Nebraska">Nebraska</option><option value="Nevada">Nevada</option><option value="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</option><option value="New Jersey">New Jersey</option><option value="New Mexico">New Mexico</option><option value="New York">New York</option><option value="North Carolina">North Carolina</option><option value="North Dakota">North Dakota</option><option value="Ohio">Ohio</option><option value="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</option><option value="Oregon">Oregon</option><option value="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</option><option value="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</option><option value="South Carolina">South Carolina</option><option value="South Dakota">South Dakota</option><option value="Tennessee">Tennessee</option><option value="Texas">Texas</option><option value="Utah">Utah</option><option value="Vermont">Vermont</option><option value="Virginia">Virginia</option><option value="Washington">Washington</option><option value="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</option><option value="West Virginia">West Virginia</option><option value="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</option><option value="Wyoming">Wyoming</option></select></div><div class="nomobile bp-full-map"><div id="hover-state"></div><div id="bp-map-url-mask" style="display:none!important;">http://ballotpedia.org/STATE_elections,_2024</div><div id="bp-map" style="max-width:500px;;height:350px;; overflow:hidden;"></div></div><style>@media screen and (max-width: 768px) { .bp-map-dropdown { display: block; margin-top: 20px } .bp-full-map {display: none } } </style> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Election_resources">Election resources</span></h2> <div style="padding:1.2em 2.4em;max-width:900px;margin-right:auto;margin-left:auto;"><div style="-moz-column-width:200px; -webkit-column-width:200px; column-width:200px;" class="mobile-columns"> <ul><li><b><a href="/Sample_Ballot_Lookup" title="Sample Ballot Lookup">Sample ballot lookup</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/Election_results" class="mw-redirect" title="Election results">Election results</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/Elections_calendar" title="Elections calendar">Elections calendar</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/Elections_by_state_and_year" title="Elections by state and year">Elections by state and year</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/State_Poll_Opening_and_Closing_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="State Poll Opening and Closing Times">Poll opening and closing times</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/State_by_State_Voter_ID_Laws" class="mw-redirect" title="State by State Voter ID Laws">State voter ID laws</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/Early_voting" title="Early voting">Early voting</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/Absentee_voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Absentee voting">Absentee voting</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/Online_voter_registration_in_the_50_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Online voter registration in the 50 states">Online voter registration</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/Ballot_access_for_major_and_minor_party_candidates" title="Ballot access for major and minor party candidates">Ballot access for major and minor party candidates</a></b></li></ul> </div></div> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1548351761485-0"><script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display("div-gpt-ad-1548351761485-0"); });</script></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Footnotes">Footnotes</span></h2> <p> <script type="text/javascript"> if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; </script> </p> <div class="references-small"><div class="mobile-columns"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/article/2024/may/09/florida-abortion-democrats-voting"><i>The Guardian</i>, "Abortion rights activists worry about Democrats piggybacking on the cause: ‘This is not a ploy'," May 9, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://rollcall.com/factbase/trump/transcript/donald-trump-interview-sean-hannity-fox-news-june-5-2024/"><i>Roll Call</i>, "Interview: Sean Hannity Interviews Donald Trump on Fox News - June 5, 2024," June 5, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trump-opposes-floridas-amendment-4-which-offers-unfettered-abortion-access-its-radical"><i>Fox News</i>, "Trump opposes Florida's Amendment 4, which offers unfettered abortion access: 'It's radical'," August 30, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2024/08/29/g-s1-20187/trump-abortion-amendment-4-florida-ivf-funding-reproductive-rights"><i>NPR</i>, "'I'll be voting no.' Trump clarifies his stance on the abortion amendment in Florida," August 30, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://dccc.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/4.5.2024-Memo-Abortion-Ballot-Initiatives.pdf"><i>Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee</i>, "Interested Parties Memorandum: House Republicans’ Extremism Will Cost Them in States With Abortion Ballot Initiatives," April 5, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/538/abortion-rights-ballot-measures-democrats/story?id=112114926"><i>ABC News</i>, "Abortion-rights ballot measures may not help Democrats as much as they think," July 30, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2024/10/04/inside-trump-campaigns-ground-game/"><i>Washington Post</i>, "Inside the Trump campaign’s ground game," October 4, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1jySvitJYMHZnf21NG3Ri9Zv6r5vPvf4J/view"><i>Emerson Polling</i>, "Kansas, Iowa, Missouri & Nebraska Polls," accessed October 11, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://sos.nebraska.gov/sites/default/files/doc/news-releases/Secretary%20of%20State%20certifies%20two%20abortion-related%20petitions.pdf"><i>Nebraska Secretary of State</i>, "Secretary of State certifies two abortion-related petitions for general election ballot," August 23, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://thefulcrum.us/electoral-reforms/ballot-measures-2024"><i>The Fulcrum</i>, "Voters may change elections, not just decide them, in the fall," May 16, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://prospect.org/politics/2024-06-21-ranked-choice-voting-draws-bipartisan-ire/"><i>The American Prospect</i>, "Ranked-Choice Voting Draws Bipartisan Ire," June 21, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Arizona State Legislature would need to pass a bill to determine the number of candidates that advance from primaries to general elections. Legislators would have until November 1, 2025, to pass the legislation. Should that not occur before the deadline, the Arizona Secretary of State would determine the number. Legislators could change the number after that, but not for six years.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ktar.com/story/5608199/arizona-proposition-133-proposition-140/"><i>KTAR</i>, "Proposition 133 and Proposition 140 will shape the future of elections in Arizona," September 26, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2024-election/gop-noncitzen-voting-ballot-measures-rcna170803"><i>NBC News</i>, "GOP efforts to crack down on noncitizen voting extend to state ballot measures," September 14, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Note</i>: The commission would have 15 members: five from the political party whose candidate for governor received the most votes in the last election (<i>First Major Party</i>), five from the party whose candidate received the second most votes (<i>Second Major Party</i>), and five individuals who are not affiliated with either of these parties (<i>Independents</i>). As of 2024, the two major parties were the Republican Party and the Democratic Party, which had been the case since 1867.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.brennancenter.org/sites/default/files/2021-10/10062021%20Opposition%20and%20Objections%20to%20Motion%20to%20Compel%20Expedited%20Discovery%20of%20Senate%20President%20Matt%20Huffman%20and%20Speaker%20Robert%20R.%20Cupp.pdf"><i>Ohio Supreme Court</i>, "Ohio Organizing Collaborative v. Ohio Redistricting Commission," October 6, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ohiocapitaljournal.com/2023/10/20/countering-ohio-redistricting-challenge-commission-members-discredit-anti-gerrymandering-arguments/"><i>Ohio Capital Journal</i>, "Countering Ohio redistricting challenge, commission members discredit anti-gerrymandering arguments," October 20, 2023</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.statenews.org/government-politics/2023-09-20/ohio-republicans-resolve-leadership-spat-over-redistricting-commission-panel-will-meet-wednesday"><i>Statehouse News Bureau</i>, "Ohio Republicans resolve leadership spat over redistricting commission. Panel will meet Wednesday," September 20, 2023</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/Article_XI,_Ohio_Constitution#Section_6" title="Article XI, Ohio Constitution">Article XI, Section 6(A)(B)</a>: "The Ohio redistricting commission shall attempt to draw a general assembly district plan that meets all of the following standards: (A) No general assembly district plan shall be drawn primarily to favor or disfavor a political party. (B) The statewide proportion of districts whose voters, based on statewide state and federal partisan general election results during the last ten years, favor each political party shall correspond closely to the statewide preferences of the voters of Ohio."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/Article_XIX,_Ohio_Constitution#Section_1" title="Article XIX, Ohio Constitution">Article XIX, Section 1(C)(3)(a)</a>: "The general assembly shall not pass a plan that unduly favors or disfavors a political party or its incumbents."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.cleveland.com/news/2024/08/gov-mike-dewine-us-house-speaker-mike-johnson-to-headline-fundraiser-for-anti-redistricting-amendment.html"><i>Cleveland.com</i>, "Gov. Mike DeWine, U.S. House speaker Mike Johnson to headline fundraiser for anti-redistricting amendment campaign," August 24, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://cronkitenews.azpbs.org/2024/09/30/californias-prop-36-sparks-debate-criminal-justice-reform/"><i>Cronkite News</i>, "California’s Prop. 36, which would again toughen criminal penalties, sparks debate," September 30, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/news/2024/09/16/newsom-california-proposition-36-00179189"><i>Politico</i>, "California Democrats try to change the subject from shoplifting to drugs," September 16, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.chronline.com/stories/john-braun-protect-energy-choice-stop-a-natural-gas-ban-by-approving-i-2066,363476"><i>The Chronicle</i>, "John Braun: Protect energy choice, stop a natural gas ban by approving I-2066," October 11, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.axios.com/local/seattle/2024/09/16/jay-inslee-cap-trade-law-climate"><i>Axios</i>, "Inslee fights repeal of his signature cap-and-trade law," September 16, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.volts.wtf/p/washington-governor-jay-inslee-on"><i>Volts</i>, "Washington Governor Jay Inslee on his last big climate fight," June 14, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/education-kentucky-941dfb681aa1222005f8408923a8f9f7"><i>Associated Press</i>, "Kentucky Supreme Court strikes down school choice provisions," December 15, 2022</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/kentucky-charter-schools-5fcc2ae1638bfc373ca331571c885003"><i>Associated Press</i>, "Kentucky judge strikes down charter schools funding measure," December 11, 2023</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://nebraskaexaminer.com/briefs/pillen-approves-nebraskas-newest-school-choice-law-as-opponents-weigh-next-steps/"><i>Nebraska Examiner</i>, "Pillen approves Nebraska’s newest ‘school choice’ law as opponents weigh next steps," April 24, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2024/07/03/nebraska-school-vouchers-debate/74000620007/"><i>USA Today</i>, "Nebraska experiences déjà vu during ongoing battle over school choice," July 3, 2024</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div></div> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";background:#bbccee;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ;background:#bbccee;;border:none;;"><a href="/Template:Analysis_HNT_2024" title="Template:Analysis HNT 2024"><span title="View this template" style=";background:#bbccee;;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Template:Analysis_HNT_2024&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;background:#bbccee;;border:none;;" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><big><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Election_Analysis_Hub,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2024">2024 Election Analysis</a></big></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>General Analysis</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Mid-Year_Recall_Report_(2024)" title="Ballotpedia's Mid-Year Recall Report (2024)">Ballotpedia's Mid-Year Recall Report (2024)</a> • <a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Ballotpedia%27s_2024_Recall_Analysis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ballotpedia's 2024 Recall Analysis (page does not exist)">Ballotpedia's 2024 Recall Analysis</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Top_15_Elections_to_Watch,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Top 15 Elections to Watch, 2024">Ballotpedia's Top 15 Elections to Watch, 2024</a> • <a href="/Candidates_with_the_same_last_names,_2024" title="Candidates with the same last names, 2024">Candidates with the same last names, 2024</a> • <a href="/Rematches_in_2024_general_elections" title="Rematches in 2024 general elections">Rematches in 2024 general elections</a> • Third-party candidates who won more than the margin of victory • <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Results_of_elected_officials_seeking_other_offices" title="Election results, 2024: Results of elected officials seeking other offices">Results of elected officials seeking other offices</a> • <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Incumbent_win_rates_by_state" title="Election results, 2024: Incumbent win rates by state">Incumbent win rates by state</a> • Uncontested races by state • <a href="/Candidates_with_the_same_last_names,_2024" title="Candidates with the same last names, 2024">Candidates with the same last names, 2024</a> • <a href="/Analysis_of_uncontested_elections,_2024" title="Analysis of uncontested elections, 2024">Analysis of uncontested elections, 2024</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia_election_previews,_2024" title="Ballotpedia election previews, 2024">Ballotpedia election previews, 2024</a> • <a href="/Races_decided_by_10_votes_or_fewer" class="mw-redirect" title="Races decided by 10 votes or fewer">Races decided by 10 votes or fewer</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>Federal elections</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">Congressional Competitiveness Report • <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_New_members_elected_to_Congress" title="Election results, 2024: New members elected to Congress">New members elected to Congress</a> • <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Comparison_of_state_delegations_to_the_118th_and_119th_Congresses" title="Election results, 2024: Comparison of state delegations to the 118th and 119th Congresses">Comparison of state delegations to the 118th and 119th Congresses</a> • <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Congressional_elections_decided_by_10_percentage_points_or_fewer" title="Election results, 2024: Congressional elections decided by 10 percentage points or fewer">Congressional elections decided by 10 percentage points or fewer</a> • Third-party candidates who won more than the margin of victory • <a href="/List_of_U.S._Congress_incumbents_who_are_not_running_for_re-election_in_2024" title="List of U.S. Congress incumbents who are not running for re-election in 2024">Incumbents who did not run for re-election</a> • <a href="/U.S._House_elections_without_a_Democratic_or_Republican_candidate,_2024" title="U.S. House elections without a Democratic or Republican candidate, 2024">U.S. House elections without a Democratic or Republican candidate</a> • <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Results_of_elected_officials_seeking_other_offices" title="Election results, 2024: Results of elected officials seeking other offices">Results of elected officials seeking other offices</a> • <a href="/U.S._House_districts_represented_by_a_Democrat_in_2024_and_won_by_Donald_Trump_in_2020" title="U.S. House districts represented by a Democrat in 2024 and won by Donald Trump in 2020">U.S. House districts represented by a Democrat in 2024 and won by Donald Trump in 2020</a> • <a href="/U.S._House_districts_represented_by_a_Republican_in_2024_and_won_by_Joe_Biden_in_2020" title="U.S. House districts represented by a Republican in 2024 and won by Joe Biden in 2020">U.S. House districts represented by a Republican in 2024 and won by Joe Biden in 2020</a> • <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Wave_elections" title="Election results, 2024: Wave elections">Wave election analysis</a> • <a href="/Party_committee_fundraising,_2023-2024" title="Party committee fundraising, 2023-2024">Party committee fundraising</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>State legislatures</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Annual_State_Legislative_Competitiveness_Report:_Vol._14,_2024" title="Annual State Legislative Competitiveness Report: Vol. 14, 2024">Competitiveness report</a> • <a href="/Impact_of_term_limits_on_state_legislative_elections_in_2024" title="Impact of term limits on state legislative elections in 2024">Impact of term limits on state legislative elections in 2024</a> • <a href="/Incumbents_defeated_in_state_legislative_elections,_2024" title="Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections, 2024">Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections, 2024</a> • <a href="/Contested_state_legislative_primaries,_2024" title="Contested state legislative primaries, 2024">Contested state legislative primaries, 2024</a> • Primary election competitiveness in state government, 2024 • <a href="/State_legislative_incumbents_without_general_election_challengers,_2024" title="State legislative incumbents without general election challengers, 2024">State legislative incumbents without general election challengers, 2024</a> • <a href="/Major_party_competition_in_state_legislative_elections,_2024" title="Major party competition in state legislative elections, 2024">Major party competition in state legislative elections, 2024</a> • <a href="/Open_seats_in_state_legislative_elections,_2024" title="Open seats in state legislative elections, 2024">Open seats in state legislative elections, 2024</a> • <a href="/State_legislative_incumbents_in_contested_primaries,_2024" title="State legislative incumbents in contested primaries, 2024">State legislative incumbents in contested primaries, 2024</a> • <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_veto-proof_majorities" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative veto-proof majorities">State legislative veto-proof majorities</a> • <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_races_decided_by_fewer_than_100_votes" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative races decided by fewer than 100 votes">State legislative races decided by fewer than 100 votes</a> • <a href="/Margin_of_victory_analysis_for_the_2024_state_legislative_elections" title="Margin of victory analysis for the 2024 state legislative elections">Margin of victory analysis for the 2024 state legislative elections</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>State executives</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Annual_State_Executive_Competitiveness_Report,_2024" title="Annual State Executive Competitiveness Report, 2024">Competitiveness report</a> • States with two or more statewide offices up for election in 2024 • <a href="/Trifecta_vulnerability_in_the_2024_elections" title="Trifecta vulnerability in the 2024 elections">Trifecta vulnerability in the 2024 elections</a> • <a href="/Impact_of_term_limits_on_state_executive_elections_in_2024" title="Impact of term limits on state executive elections in 2024">Impact of term limits on state executive elections in 2024</a> • Number of Democratic and Republican candidates on the ballot for state offices, 2024 • <a href="/Veto-proof_state_legislatures_and_opposing_party_governors_in_the_2024_elections" title="Veto-proof state legislatures and opposing party governors in the 2024 elections">Veto-proof state legislatures and opposing party governors in the 2024 elections</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>Ballot measures</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Ballotpedia%27s_top_10_ballot_measures_to_watch,_2024&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ballotpedia's top 10 ballot measures to watch, 2024 (page does not exist)">Ballotpedia's top 10 ballot measures to watch, 2024</a> • <a href="/Ballot_measure_readability_scores,_2024" title="Ballot measure readability scores, 2024">Ballot measure readability scores, 2024</a> • <a href="/Ballot_measure_signature_costs,_2024" title="Ballot measure signature costs, 2024">Ballot measure signature costs, 2024</a> • <a href="/Ballot_measure_campaign_finance,_2024" title="Ballot measure campaign finance, 2024">Ballot measure campaign finance, 2024</a> • Analysis of the 2024 local ballot measures in the largest U.S. cities and state capitals</div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>Local</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Partisanship_in_United_States_municipal_elections_(2024)" title="Partisanship in United States municipal elections (2024)">Partisanship in United States municipal elections (2024)</a> • <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Partisan_balance_of_mayors_of_the_100_largest_cities_by_population" title="Election results, 2024: Partisan balance of mayors of the 100 largest cities by population">Partisan balance of mayors of the 100 largest cities by population</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div></div> <div class="printfooter"> Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Ballotpedia%27s_Top_15_Ballot_Measures_and_Trends_to_Watch,_2024&oldid=10128589">https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Ballotpedia%27s_Top_15_Ballot_Measures_and_Trends_to_Watch,_2024&oldid=10128589</a>" </div> <div id="catlinks-container" style="display:none"><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/Category:Past_ballot_measure_year-end_analyses" title="Category:Past ballot measure year-end analyses">Past ballot measure year-end analyses</a></li></ul></div></div></div> <div class="visualClear"></div> </div>  </div> </div> </div> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1548351407491-0'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1548351407491-0'); }); </script> </div> <div id="div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3054" class="publirAds"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(event) { if (event.slot.getSlotElementId() == "div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3054") { googletag.display("div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3054"); } }); }); </script> </div> <div class="visualClear"></div> <div class="row" id="footer-links"> <div style="text-align:center; font-size:16px; color:#666; width: 100%;"> <p>Ballotpedia features 556,139 encyclopedic articles written and curated by our professional staff of editors, writers, and researchers. Click here to <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.happyfox.com/new">contact our editorial staff or report an error</a>. For media inquiries, <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="mailto:media@ballotpedia.org">contact us here</a>. Please <a href="/Support" title="Support">donate here</a> to support our continued expansion. </p> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Information_about_voting">Information about voting</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Voter_Toolkit" title="Ballotpedia's Voter Toolkit">Your 2024 Election Toolkit</a></li> <li><a href="/Sample_Ballot_Lookup" title="Sample Ballot Lookup">What's on my ballot?</a></li> <li><a href="/Where_do_I_vote" title="Where do I vote">Where do I vote?</a></li> <li><a href="/Online_voter_registration_in_the_50_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Online voter registration in the 50 states">How do I register to vote?</a></li> <li><a href="/Absentee_voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Absentee voting">How do I request a ballot?</a></li> <li><a href="/Elections_calendar" title="Elections calendar">When do I vote?</a></li> <li><a href="/State_Poll_Opening_and_Closing_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="State Poll Opening and Closing Times">When are polls open?</a></li> <li><a href="/Who_represents_me" title="Who represents me">Who Represents Me?</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2024_Elections">2024 Elections</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Presidential_election,_2024" title="Presidential election, 2024">2024 Presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/Presidential_candidates,_2024" title="Presidential candidates, 2024">2024 Presidential candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_Congress_elections,_2024" title="United States Congress elections, 2024">2024 Congressional elections</a></li> <li><a href="/2024_ballot_measures" title="2024 ballot measures">2024 Ballot measures</a></li> <li><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2024" title="State executive official elections, 2024">2024 State executive elections</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2024" title="State legislative elections, 2024">2024 State legislative elections</a></li> <li><a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2024" title="State judicial elections, 2024">2024 State judge elections</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2024" title="United States municipal elections, 2024">2024 Local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/School_board_elections,_2024" title="School board elections, 2024">2024 School board elections</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2024_Election_analysis">2024 Election analysis</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Election_Analysis_Hub,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2024">2024 elections analysis hub</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Pivot_Counties_in_the_2024_presidential_election" title="Election results, 2024: Pivot Counties in the 2024 presidential election">Pivot Counties in the 2024 presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_New_members_elected_to_Congress" title="Election results, 2024: New members elected to Congress">New members elected to Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/Incumbents_defeated_in_state_legislative_elections,_2024" title="Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections, 2024">Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_seats_that_changed_party_control" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative seats that changed party control">State legislative seats that changed party control</a></li> <li><a href="/2024_ballot_measures#Trends_in_2024" title="2024 ballot measures">Ballot measure trends in 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Analysis_of_voter_turnout_in_the_2024_general_election" title="Election results, 2024: Analysis of voter turnout in the 2024 general election">2024 general election voter turnout</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Wave_elections" title="Election results, 2024: Wave elections">Wave elections in 2024</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2025_Elections">2025 Elections</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Gubernatorial_elections,_2025" title="Gubernatorial elections, 2025">Governors</a></li> <li><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2025" title="State executive official elections, 2025">State executives</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2025" title="State legislative elections, 2025">State legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/2025_ballot_measures" title="2025 ballot measures">Ballot measures</a></li> <li><a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2025" title="State judicial elections, 2025">State judges</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2025" title="United States municipal elections, 2025">Municipal officials</a></li> <li><a href="/School_board_elections,_2025" title="School board elections, 2025">School boards</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Trending">Trending</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Election_results,_2024" title="Election results, 2024">2024 Election results</a></li> <li><a href="/Presidential_election,_2024" title="Presidential election, 2024">2024 Presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/Presidential_candidates,_2024" title="Presidential candidates, 2024">2024 Presidential candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Analysis_of_voter_turnout_in_the_2024_general_election" title="Election results, 2024: Analysis of voter turnout in the 2024 general election">2024 general election voter turnout</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ballotpedia's top 15 ballot measures and trends to watch in 2024</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://news.ballotpedia.org/">Ballotpedia News</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Public_Policy">Public Policy</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Administrative_State_Index" title="Administrative State Index">Administrative state</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_criminal_justice_policy" title="Index of articles about criminal justice policy">Criminal justice policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_education_policy" title="Index of articles about education policy">Education policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)" title="Index of articles about environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_federalism" title="Index of articles about federalism">Federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_unemployment_insurance" title="Index of articles about unemployment insurance">Unemployment insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_work_requirements" title="Index of articles about work requirements">Work requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/Public_Policy" title="Public Policy">Policy in the states</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Information_for_candidates">Information for candidates</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Survey" title="Survey">Ballotpedia's Candidate Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballot_access_for_major_and_minor_party_candidates" title="Ballot access for major and minor party candidates">How do I run for office?</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Candidate_Connection" title="Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection">How do I update a page?</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results" class="mw-redirect" title="Election results">Election results</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSddoUjxvy5yEyoKoltTe6-B_j668rbBsbcf7UDJI8cOgG2FBA/viewform">Send us candidate contact info</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Get_Engaged">Get Engaged</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Support" title="Support">Donate to Ballotpedia</a></li> <li><a href="/Contact_us" title="Contact us">Contact us</a></li> <li><a href="/Report_an_error" title="Report an error">Report an error</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Events" title="Ballotpedia:Events">Events</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia_Email_Updates" title="Ballotpedia Email Updates">Newsletters</a></li> <li><a href="/On_the_Ballot" title="On the Ballot">Ballotpedia Podcast</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Job_opportunities" title="Ballotpedia:Job opportunities">Careers</a></li> <li><a href="/Support:Volunteer" title="Support:Volunteer">Volunteer</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Ad_policy" title="Ballotpedia:Ad policy">Ad Policy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.bonfire.com/store/ballotpedia/">Ballotpedia Boutique</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Services">Services</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/News_and_events" title="News and events">Media inquiries</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Buy_Political_Data" title="Ballotpedia:Buy Political Data">Data sales</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Buy_Political_Data" title="Ballotpedia:Buy Political Data">API</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Premium_Research_Services" title="Ballotpedia:Premium Research Services">Premium Research Services</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Additional_analysis">Additional analysis</span></h3> <ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://legislation.ballotpedia.org/elections/home">Election legislation tracking</a></li> <li><a href="/State_government_trifectas" title="State government trifectas">State Trifectas</a></li> <li><a href="/State_government_triplexes" title="State government triplexes">State Triplexes</a></li> <li><a href="/Status_of_redistricting_after_the_2020_census" title="Status of redistricting after the 2020 census">Redistricting</a></li> <li><a href="/Pivot_Counties:_The_counties_that_voted_Obama-Obama-Trump_from_2008-2016" title="Pivot Counties: The counties that voted Obama-Obama-Trump from 2008-2016">Pivot Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia_Courts:_State_Partisanship" title="Ballotpedia Courts: State Partisanship">State Supreme Court Partisanship</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Polling_Indexes" title="Ballotpedia's Polling Indexes">Polling indexes</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> </div> </div> </div>   <div class="sidebar-wrapper sidebar-left-wrapper" id="sidebar-left"> <div id="navtitle" class="navtitle"> <h2><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-menu-hamburger"></span> SITE NAVIGATION</h2> </div> <ul><li><a href="/Election_results,_2024" title="Election results, 2024">2024 Election results hub</a></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Election_Analysis_Hub,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2024">Ballotpedia's 2024 elections analysis</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Pivot_Counties_in_the_2024_presidential_election" title="Election results, 2024: Pivot Counties in the 2024 presidential election">Pivot Counties in the 2024 presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_New_members_elected_to_Congress" title="Election results, 2024: New members elected to Congress">New members elected to Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Comparison_of_state_delegations_to_the_118th_and_119th_Congresses" title="Election results, 2024: Comparison of state delegations to the 118th and 119th Congresses">Comparison of state delegations to the 118th and 119th Congresses</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Congressional_margin_of_victory_analysis" title="Election results, 2024: Congressional margin of victory analysis">Congressional margin of victory analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Congressional_elections_decided_by_10_percentage_points_or_fewer" title="Election results, 2024: Congressional elections decided by 10 percentage points or fewer">Congressional elections decided by 10 percentage points or fewer</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_veto-proof_majorities" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative veto-proof majorities">State legislative veto-proof majorities</a></li> <li><a href="/Incumbents_defeated_in_state_legislative_elections,_2024" title="Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections, 2024">Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Margin_of_victory_analysis_for_the_2024_state_legislative_elections" title="Margin of victory analysis for the 2024 state legislative elections">State legislative margin of victory analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_seats_that_changed_party_control" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative seats that changed party control">State legislative seats that changed party control</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_races_decided_by_fewer_than_100_votes" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative races decided by fewer than 100 votes">State legislative races decided by fewer than 100 votes</a></li> <li><a href="/2024_ballot_measures#Trends_in_2024" title="2024 ballot measures">Ballot measure trends in 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Analysis_of_voter_turnout_in_the_2024_general_election" title="Election results, 2024: Analysis of voter turnout in the 2024 general election">Analysis of voter turnout in the 2024 general election</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Wave_elections" title="Election results, 2024: Wave elections">Wave elections in 2024</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Elections" title="Elections">2024 Elections</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Presidential_election,_2024" title="Presidential election, 2024">2024 Presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/Presidential_candidates,_2024" title="Presidential candidates, 2024">2024 Presidential candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_Congress_elections,_2024" title="United States Congress elections, 2024">2024 Congressional elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Special_elections_to_the_118th_United_States_Congress_(2023-2024)" title="Special elections to the 118th United States Congress (2023-2024)">Special Congressional elections (2023-2024)</a></li> <li><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2024" title="State executive official elections, 2024">2024 State executive elections</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2024" title="State legislative elections, 2024">2024 State legislative elections</a></li> <li><a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2024" title="State judicial elections, 2024">2024 State judge elections</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2024" title="United States municipal elections, 2024">2024 Local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/2024_ballot_measures" title="2024 ballot measures">2024 Ballot measures</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Top_15_Elections_to_Watch,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Top 15 Elections to Watch, 2024">Ballotpedia's top 15 elections to watch in 2024</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ballotpedia's top 15 ballot measures to watch in 2024</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Main_page" class="mw-redirect" title="Main page">2025 Elections</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Elections_calendar" title="Elections calendar">Upcoming elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Statewide_primary_elections_calendar" title="Statewide primary elections calendar">2025 Statewide primary dates</a></li> <li><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2025" title="State executive official elections, 2025">2025 State executive elections</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2025" title="State legislative elections, 2025">2025 State legislative elections</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2025" title="United States municipal elections, 2025">2025 Local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/2025_ballot_measures" title="2025 ballot measures">2025 Ballot measures</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Joe_Biden_presidential_administration" title="Joe Biden presidential administration">The Biden administration</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Joe_Biden%27s_Cabinet" title="Joe Biden's Cabinet">Cabinet officials</a></li> <li><a href="/Joe_Biden%27s_executive_orders_and_actions" title="Joe Biden's executive orders and actions">Executive orders and actions</a></li> <li><a href="/Joe_Biden_presidential_administration#Key_legislation" title="Joe Biden presidential administration">Key legislation</a></li> <li><a href="/Federal_judges_nominated_by_Joe_Biden" title="Federal judges nominated by Joe Biden">Judicial nominations</a></li> <li><a href="/Joe_Biden_presidential_transition#White_House_senior_staff" title="Joe Biden presidential transition">White House senior staff</a></li> <li><a href="/Joe_Biden:_Vetoed_legislation" title="Joe Biden: Vetoed legislation">Vetoes</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Federal_Politics" title="Federal Politics">Government</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Executive_Branch" title="Executive Branch">U.S. President</a></li> <li><a href="/Legislative_Branch" title="Legislative Branch">U.S. Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballot_Measures_overview" title="Ballot Measures overview">Ballot measures</a></li> <li><a href="/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">U.S. Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_federal_courts" title="United States federal courts">Federal courts</a></li> <li><a href="/States#State_governments" title="States">State government</a></li> <li><a href="/Municipal_Government" title="Municipal Government">Municipal government</a></li> <li><a href="/School_Boards_and_School_Board_Elections" title="School Boards and School Board Elections">School boards</a></li> <li><a href="/Recall_overview" title="Recall overview">Recalls</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/Public_Policy" title="Public Policy">Public Policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/Administrative_State_Index" title="Administrative State Index">Administrative state</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_criminal_justice_policy" title="Index of articles about criminal justice policy">Criminal justice policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_education_policy" title="Index of articles about education policy">Education policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)" title="Index of articles about environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_federalism" title="Index of articles about federalism">Federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_unemployment_insurance" title="Index of articles about unemployment insurance">Unemployment insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_work_requirements" title="Index of articles about work requirements">Work requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/Public_Policy" title="Public Policy">Policy in the states</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Ballotpedia:About" title="Ballotpedia:About">More...</a></span> <ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Sample_ballot&Source=sidebar">Ballotpedia's Sample Ballot</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%E2%80%99s_Voter_Toolkit" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballotpedia’s Voter Toolkit">Ballotpedia's 2024 Voter Toolkit</a></li> <li><a href="/Survey" title="Survey">Ballotpedia's Candidate Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/Status_of_redistricting_after_the_2020_census" title="Status of redistricting after the 2020 census">Redistricting</a></li> <li><a href="/State_government_trifectas" title="State government trifectas">Trifectas</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_Policy" title="Election Policy">Election policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballot_Access" title="Ballot Access">Running for office</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://legislation.ballotpedia.org/elections/home">Election legislation tracking</a></li> <li><a href="/On_the_Ballot" title="On the Ballot">Ballotpedia's weekly podcast</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Ballotpedia:About" title="Ballotpedia:About">About us</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Ballotpedia:About" title="Ballotpedia:About">About Ballotpedia</a></li> <li><a href="/Support" title="Support">Donate</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_editorial_independence_policy" title="Ballotpedia's editorial independence policy">Editorial independence</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Index_of_Contents" title="Ballotpedia:Index of Contents">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Job_opportunities" title="Ballotpedia:Job opportunities">Job opportunities</a></li> <li><a href="/News_and_events" title="News and events">News and events</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Staff" title="Ballotpedia:Staff">Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/Support:Volunteer" title="Support:Volunteer">Volunteer</a></li></ul></li</ul> </div>   <div class="sidebar-wrapper sidebar-right-wrapper" id="sidebar-right"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1548352229745-0' style='height:600px; width:160px;position: -webkit-sticky; /* Safari */ position: sticky; top: 0;'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1548352229745-0'); }); </script> </div> </div>   <div id="footer" role="contentinfo" class="footer container footer-sticky" > <ul id="footer-places"><li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="/Ballotpedia:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li><li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/Ballotpedia:About">About Ballotpedia</a></li><li id="footer-places-disclaimer"><a href="/Ballotpedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li></ul><ul id="footer-custom"><li class="dropup"><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Ballotpedia%27s+Top+15+Ballot+Measures+and+Trends+to+Watch%2C+2024" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o">Login</a></li></ul><div style="clear:both"></div> </div>   <script>!function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod ? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments) : n.queue.push(arguments)}; if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version="2.0"; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window,document,"script","https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js" ); fbq("init", "360312574466105"); fbq("track", "PageView"); </script> <noscript><img height="1" width="1" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=360312574466105&ev=PageView&noscript=1"/></noscript>   <script> !function(e,t,n,s,u,a){e.twq||(s=e.twq=function(){s.exe?s.exe.apply(s,arguments):s.queue.push(arguments); },s.version='1.1',s.queue=[],u=t.createElement(n),u.async=!0,u.src='//static.ads-twitter.com/uwt.js', a=t.getElementsByTagName(n)[0],a.parentNode.insertBefore(u,a))}(window,document,'script'); // Insert Twitter Pixel ID and Standard Event data below twq('init','o2jx2'); twq('track','PageView'); </script>  <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.140","walltime":"0.151","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1140,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":29877,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":17401,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":10,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":100},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":19138,"limit":5000000},"timingprofile":["100.00% 52.692 1 -total"," 23.73% 12.502 1 Template:Reflist"," 21.64% 11.405 1 Template:Analysis_HNT_2024"," 17.99% 9.480 1 Template:Navbox"," 13.13% 6.918 1 Template:2024_SBM_VNT"," 5.63% 2.964 1 Template:Tnavbar"," 5.09% 2.682 1 Template:Tap_promo_2"," 4.49% 2.365 1 Template:Ballotpedia_Elections_Portal_Masthead"," 4.41% 2.322 3 Template:Greener"," 4.37% 2.305 1 Template:Election_portal_resources"]},"cachereport":{"timestamp":"20241125034757","ttl":900,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script>     <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-7416006-3', 'auto'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script> <script src="https://ssl.google-analytics.com/ga.js"></script>   <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-GC6ZZT3P70"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-GC6ZZT3P70'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript"> var _qevents = _qevents || []; (function() { var elem = document.createElement('script'); elem.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://secure" : "http://edge") + ".quantserve.com/quant.js"; elem.async = true; elem.type = "text/javascript"; var scpt = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; scpt.parentNode.insertBefore(elem, scpt); })(); _qevents.push({ qacct:"p-Lx8vcgWv5twR2" }); </script> <noscript> <div style="display:none;"> <img src="//pixel.quantserve.com/pixel/p-Lx8vcgWv5twR2.gif" border="0" height="1" width="1" alt="Quantcast"/> </div> </noscript>   <script type="text/javascript"> _atrk_opts = { atrk_acct:"3N+Vi1a4ZP00iC", domain:"ballotpedia.org",dynamic: true}; (function() { var as = document.createElement('script'); as.type = 'text/javascript'; as.async = true; as.src = "https://d31qbv1cthcecs.cloudfront.net/atrk.js"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(as, s); })(); </script> <noscript><img src="https://d5nxst8fruw4z.cloudfront.net/atrk.gif?account=3N+Vi1a4ZP00iC" style="display:none" height="1" width="1" alt="" /></noscript>  <script type="text/javascript"> piAId = '482201'; piCId = '4426'; piHostname = 'pi.pardot.com'; (function() { function async_load(){ if ( window.location.href != "https://ballotpedia.org/Main_Page" && window.location.href != "https://ballotpedia.org/Election_results,_2018" ) { var s = document.createElement('script'); s.type = 'text/javascript'; s.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://pi' : 'http://cdn') + '.pardot.com/pd.js'; var c = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; c.parentNode.insertBefore(s, c); } } if(window.attachEvent) { window.attachEvent('onload', async_load); } else { window.addEventListener('load', async_load, false); } })(); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://fkrkkmxsqeb5bj9r.s3.amazonaws.com/1375.js"></script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgBackendResponseTime":287});});</script> </body> </html>