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cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Epidemiology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Epidemiology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ethnic_and_socioeconomic_disparities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnic_and_socioeconomic_disparities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Ethnic and socioeconomic disparities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnic_and_socioeconomic_disparities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Society_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Society_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Society and culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Society_and_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Society and culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Society_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Research</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" 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Available in 41 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-41" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">41 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AB%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A9" title="ثعلبة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ثعلبة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocaql%C4%B1_dazl%C4%B1q" title="Ocaqlı dazlıq – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ocaqlı dazlıq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%84%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DA%86%D9%84_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82" title="اوجاقلی دازلیق/اوجاقلی کچل لیق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اوجاقلی دازلیق/اوجاقلی کچل لیق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE" title="এলোপেসিয়া এরিয়াটা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এলোপেসিয়া এরিয়াটা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alop%C3%A8cia_areata" title="Alopècia areata – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Alopècia areata" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alopecia_areata" title="Alopecia areata – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Alopecia areata" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alopecia_areata" title="Alopecia areata – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Alopecia areata" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alopecia_areata" title="Alopecia areata – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Alopecia areata" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alopecia_areata" title="Alopecia areata – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alopecia areata" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makula_kalveco" title="Makula kalveco – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Makula kalveco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alopezia_areata" title="Alopezia areata – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alopezia areata" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C" title="طاسی منطقه‌ای – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="طاسی منطقه‌ای" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelade_(m%C3%A9decine)" title="Pelade (médecine) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pelade (médecine)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%90%ED%98%95_%ED%83%88%EB%AA%A8%EC%A6%9D" title="원형 탈모증 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="원형 탈모증" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%BB%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A1%D5%A9%D5%A1%D6%83%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Օջախային մազաթափություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օջախային մազաթափություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE" title="अलोपेसिया अरीटा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अलोपेसिया अरीटा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alopesi" title="Alopesi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Alopesi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alopecia_areata" title="Alopecia areata – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Alopecia areata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%97%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA" title="קרחת אזורית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קרחת אזורית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDidininis_nuplikimas" title="Židininis nuplikimas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Židininis nuplikimas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foltos_hajhull%C3%A1s" title="Foltos hajhullás – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Foltos hajhullás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Косопад – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Косопад" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88" title="चाई – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="चाई" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alopecia_areata" title="Alopecia areata – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Alopecia areata" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alopecia_areata" title="Alopecia areata – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Alopecia areata" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%86%E5%BD%A2%E8%84%B1%E6%AF%9B%E7%97%87" title="円形脱毛症 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="円形脱毛症" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alopecia_areata" title="Alopecia areata – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Alopecia areata" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%86%E0%AC%B2%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%86_%E0%AC%8F%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%86%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%BE" title="ଆଲୋପେସିଆ ଏରିଆଟା – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଆଲୋପେସିଆ ଏରିଆଟା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%90%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86_%E0%A8%90%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BE" title="ਐਲੋਪੀਸੀਆ ਐਰੀਆਟਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਐਲੋਪੀਸੀਆ ਐਰੀਆਟਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81ysienie_plackowate" title="Łysienie plackowate – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Łysienie plackowate" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alopecia_areata" title="Alopecia areata – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alopecia areata" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Очаговая алопеция – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Очаговая алопеция" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alopecia_Areata" title="Alopecia Areata – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Alopecia Areata" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%DA%98_%DA%95%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%95%D9%88%DB%95%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%86%DB%95%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="قژ ڕووتانەوەی ناوچەیی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="قژ ڕووتانەوەی ناوچەیی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4lvikalju" title="Pälvikalju – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pälvikalju" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alopecia_areata" title="Alopecia areata – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Alopecia areata" data-language-autonym="Svenska" 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Medical condition</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Medical condition</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ccc">Alopecia areata</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data">Alopecia Celsi, vitiligo capitis, Jonston's alopecia<sup id="cite_ref-NORD2004_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NORD2004-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Allopecia_areata.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Allopecia_areata.JPG/220px-Allopecia_areata.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Allopecia_areata.JPG/330px-Allopecia_areata.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Allopecia_areata.JPG/440px-Allopecia_areata.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="1224" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Alopecia areata seen on the back of the scalp</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pronunciation</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="/ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy'">ʃ</span></span>(<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>)<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span>,<br />also <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span></span>-,<span class="wrap"> </span>-<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>-,<span class="wrap"> </span>-<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Medical_specialty" title="Medical specialty">Specialty</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dermatology" title="Dermatology">Dermatology</a> <a href="/wiki/Immunology" title="Immunology">Immunology</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Signs_and_symptoms" title="Signs and symptoms">Symptoms</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Areas of <a href="/wiki/Hair_loss" title="Hair loss">hair loss</a>, usually on the scalp<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Usual onset</th><td class="infobox-data">Childhood<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Causes</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Autoimmune_disease" title="Autoimmune disease">Autoimmune</a><sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Risk_factor" title="Risk factor">Risk factors</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Family history, <a href="/wiki/Female_sex" class="mw-redirect" title="Female sex">female sex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis">rheumatoid arthritis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Diabetes mellitus type 1">type 1 diabetes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Celiac_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Celiac disease">celiac disease</a><sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-HordinskyJunqueira2015_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HordinskyJunqueira2015-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-occurrence_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-occurrence-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Differential_diagnosis" title="Differential diagnosis">Differential diagnosis</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Trichotillomania" title="Trichotillomania">Trichotillomania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alopecia_mucinosa" title="Alopecia mucinosa">alopecia mucinosa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Postpartum_alopecia" class="mw-redirect" title="Postpartum alopecia">postpartum alopecia</a><sup id="cite_ref-NORD2004_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NORD2004-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Treatment</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sunscreen" title="Sunscreen">Sunscreen</a>, head coverings to protect from sun and cold<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Medication" title="Medication">Medication</a></th><td class="infobox-data">topical <a href="/wiki/Minoxidil" title="Minoxidil">minoxidil</a><sup id="cite_ref-Freire2019_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Freire2019-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Triamcinolone" title="Triamcinolone">triamcinolone</a> injections<sup id="cite_ref-Yee2020JAAD_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yee2020JAAD-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Prognosis" title="Prognosis">Prognosis</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Does not affect <a href="/wiki/Life_expectancy" title="Life expectancy">life expectancy</a><sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NORD2004_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NORD2004-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Frequency</th><td class="infobox-data">~2% (US)<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236303919">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}</style> <p><b>Alopecia areata</b> (<b>AA</b>), also known as <b>spot baldness</b>, is a condition in which <a href="/wiki/Hair_loss" title="Hair loss">hair is lost</a> from some or all areas of the body.<sup id="cite_ref-Erjavec_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Erjavec-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NORD2004_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NORD2004-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It often results in a few <a href="/wiki/Baldness" class="mw-redirect" title="Baldness">bald spots</a> on the scalp, each about the size of a coin.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Psychological_stress" title="Psychological stress">Psychological stress</a> and illness are possible factors in bringing on alopecia areata in individuals at risk, but in most cases there is no obvious trigger.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> People are generally otherwise healthy.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a few cases, all the hair on the scalp is lost (<i><a href="/wiki/Alopecia_totalis" title="Alopecia totalis">alopecia totalis</a></i>), or all body hair is lost (<i><a href="/wiki/Alopecia_universalis" title="Alopecia universalis">alopecia universalis</a></i>). Hair loss can be permanent, or temporary.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NORD2004_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NORD2004-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alopecia areata is believed to be an <a href="/wiki/Autoimmune_disease" title="Autoimmune disease">autoimmune disease</a> resulting from a breach in the <a href="/wiki/Immune_privilege" title="Immune privilege">immune privilege</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Hair_follicle" title="Hair follicle">hair follicles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Erjavec_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Erjavec-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BJD2018_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BJD2018-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Risk factors include a family history of the condition.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among <a href="/wiki/Identical_twins" class="mw-redirect" title="Identical twins">identical twins</a>, if one is affected, the other has about a 50% chance of also being affected.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The underlying mechanism involves failure by the body to recognize its own cells, with subsequent immune-mediated destruction of the <a href="/wiki/Hair_follicle" title="Hair follicle">hair follicle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>No cure for the condition is known.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some treatments, particularly <a href="/wiki/Triamcinolone" title="Triamcinolone">triamcinolone</a> injections and 5% <a href="/wiki/Minoxidil" title="Minoxidil">minoxidil</a> topical creams,<sup id="cite_ref-Yee2020JAAD_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yee2020JAAD-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Freire2019_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Freire2019-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are effective in speeding hair regrowth.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NORD2004_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NORD2004-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sunscreen" title="Sunscreen">Sunscreen</a>, head coverings to protect from cold and sun, and <a href="/wiki/Glasses" title="Glasses">glasses</a>, if the <a href="/wiki/Eyelashes" class="mw-redirect" title="Eyelashes">eyelashes</a> are missing, are also recommended.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In more than 50% of cases of sudden-onset localized "patchy" disease, hair regrows within a year.<sup id="cite_ref-Paggioli2022_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paggioli2022-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Alkhalifah2010_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alkhalifah2010-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In patients with only one or two patches, this one-year recovery will occur in up to 80%.<sup id="cite_ref-Spano2015_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spano2015-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mounsey2009_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mounsey2009-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, many people will have more than one episode over the course of a lifetime.<sup id="cite_ref-Alkhalifah2010_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alkhalifah2010-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In many patients, hair loss and regrowth occurs simultaneously over the course of several years.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among those in whom all body hair is lost, fewer than 10% recover.<sup id="cite_ref-Bei2018_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bei2018-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>About 0.15% of people are affected at any one time, and 2% of people are affected at some point in time.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bei2018_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bei2018-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Onset is usually in childhood.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Females are affected at higher rates than males.<sup id="cite_ref-occurrence_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-occurrence-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Signs_and_symptoms">Signs and symptoms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alopecia_areata&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Signs and symptoms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alopecia_areata.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Alopecia_areata.jpg/220px-Alopecia_areata.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Alopecia_areata.jpg/330px-Alopecia_areata.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Alopecia_areata.jpg/440px-Alopecia_areata.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2338" data-file-height="1487" /></a><figcaption>Alopecia areata</figcaption></figure> <p>Typical first symptoms of alopecia areata are small bald patches. The underlying skin is unscarred and looks superficially normal. Although these patches can take many shapes, they are usually round or oval.<sup id="cite_ref-Fitz2_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fitz2-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alopecia areata most often affects the scalp and beard, but may occur on any part of the body with hair.<sup id="cite_ref-merck_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merck-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Different areas of the skin may exhibit hair loss and regrowth at the same time. The disease may also go into remission for a time, or may be permanent. It is common in children.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The area of hair loss may <a href="/wiki/Paresthesia" title="Paresthesia">tingle</a> or be mildly painful.<sup id="cite_ref-aocd_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aocd-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hair tends to fall out over a short period of time, with the loss commonly occurring more on one side of the scalp than the other.<sup id="cite_ref-draelos_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-draelos-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Exclamation point hairs, narrower along the length of the strand closer to the base, producing a characteristic "exclamation point" appearance, are often present.<sup id="cite_ref-draelos_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-draelos-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These hairs are very short (3–4 mm), and can be seen surrounding the bald patches.<sup id="cite_ref-Mounsey2009_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mounsey2009-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When healthy hair is pulled out, at most a few should come out, and ripped hair should not be distributed evenly across the tugged portion of the scalp. In cases of alopecia areata, hair tends to pull out more easily along the edge of the patch where the follicles are already being attacked by the body's immune system than away from the patch where they are still healthy.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nails may have pitting or <a href="/wiki/Trachyonychia" class="mw-redirect" title="Trachyonychia">trachyonychia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-merck_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merck-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Onychoptosis defluvium, also known as alopecia unguium, is casting off the nail seen in association with alopecia areata.<sup id="cite_ref-Fitz2003_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fitz2003-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 660">: 660 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Causes">Causes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alopecia_areata&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Causes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alopecia_areata.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Alopecia_areata.svg/250px-Alopecia_areata.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Alopecia_areata.svg/330px-Alopecia_areata.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Alopecia_areata.svg/500px-Alopecia_areata.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="210" /></a><figcaption>In alopecia areata, a hair follicle is attacked by the immune system. T-cells swarm the roots, killing the follicle. This causes the hair to fall out and parts of the head to become bald.</figcaption></figure> <p>Alopecia areata is thought to be a systemic autoimmune disorder in which the body attacks its own anagen <a href="/wiki/Hair_follicle" title="Hair follicle">hair follicles</a> and suppresses or stops hair growth.<sup id="cite_ref-draelos_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-draelos-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, <a href="/wiki/T_cell" title="T cell">T cell</a> <a href="/wiki/Lymphocytes" class="mw-redirect" title="Lymphocytes">lymphocytes</a> cluster around affected follicles, causing inflammation and subsequent hair loss. Hair follicles in a normal state are thought to be kept secure from the immune system, a phenomenon called immune privilege. A breach in this immune privilege state is considered as the cause of alopecia areata.<sup id="cite_ref-BJD2018_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BJD2018-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A few cases of babies being born with <a href="/wiki/Congenital" class="mw-redirect" title="Congenital">congenital</a> alopecia areata have been reported.<sup id="cite_ref-LenanePope2005_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LenanePope2005-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is recognized as a type 1 inflammatory disease.<sup id="cite_ref-Fukuyama_Ito_Ohyama_2021_pp._19–36_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fukuyama_Ito_Ohyama_2021_pp._19–36-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alopecia areata is not <a href="/wiki/Infectious_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Infectious disease">contagious</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-draelos_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-draelos-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It occurs more frequently in people who have affected family members, suggesting <a href="/wiki/Heredity" title="Heredity">heredity</a> may be a factor.<sup id="cite_ref-draelos_22-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-draelos-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Strong evidence of genetic association with increased risk for alopecia areata was found by studying families with two or more affected members. This study identified at least four regions in the genome that are likely to contain these genes.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, alopecia areata shares genetic risk factors with other autoimmune diseases, including <a href="/wiki/Rheumatoid_arthritis" title="Rheumatoid arthritis">rheumatoid arthritis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus_type_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Diabetes mellitus type 1">type 1 diabetes</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Celiac_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Celiac disease">celiac disease</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HordinskyJunqueira2015_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HordinskyJunqueira2015-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It may be the only manifestation of celiac disease.<sup id="cite_ref-CaproniBonciolini2012_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CaproniBonciolini2012-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TackVerbeek2010_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TackVerbeek2010-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lifestyle factors such as smoking, sleep quality, and obesity may also contribute to the onset and progression of alopecia areata.<sup id="cite_ref-Sánchez-Pellicer_1860_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sánchez-Pellicer_1860-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Studies indicate that smokers have a higher risk of developing the condition, potentially due to tobacco-induced <a href="/wiki/T_helper_17_cell" title="T helper 17 cell">Th17-mediated inflammation</a> in hair follicles.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While some research suggests a link between <a href="/wiki/Sleep_disorder" title="Sleep disorder">sleep disorders</a> and alopecia areata, findings remain inconclusive.<sup id="cite_ref-Sánchez-Pellicer_1860_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sánchez-Pellicer_1860-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, since sleep disturbances impact immune function, they may play a role in disease pathogenesis.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, obesity is associated with an increased risk of alopecia areata, likely due to <a href="/wiki/Adipokine" title="Adipokine">adipokine</a> dysregulation, which promotes chronic low-grade inflammation and alters immune response, as seen in other inflammatory skin conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Endogenous <a href="/wiki/Retinoid" title="Retinoid">retinoids</a> metabolic defect is a key part of the pathogenesis of the alopecia areata.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, a genome-wide association study was completed that identified 129 single nucleotide polymorphisms that were associated with alopecia areata. The genes that were identified include those involved in controlling the activation and proliferation of regulatory T cells, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4, interleukin-2, interleukin-2 receptor A, and Eos (also known as Ikaros family zinc finger 4), as well as the human leukocyte antigen. The study also identified two genes, <i>PRDX5</i> and <i>STX17</i>, that are expressed in the hair follicle.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is emerging evidence suggesting a possible link between AA and vaccinations, including influenza, zoster, and <a href="/wiki/Human_papillomavirus_infection" title="Human papillomavirus infection">human papillomavirus (HPV)</a> vaccines.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One possible explanation is that vaccinations could trigger immune system activation, which has been observed to exacerbate preexisting autoimmune or autoinflammatory conditions in at-risk populations.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A small study observed hair loss exacerbation in three patients following COVID-19 <a href="/wiki/MRNA_vaccine" title="MRNA vaccine">mRNA vaccinations</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pfizer%E2%80%93BioNTech_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine">Pfizer-BioNTech</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moderna_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Moderna COVID-19 vaccine">Moderna</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-COVID-19_vaccination_related_exacer_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-COVID-19_vaccination_related_exacer-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These patients, who were younger on average (30.6 years) compared to unaffected individuals (37.2 years), experienced worsening hair loss within two weeks post-vaccination.<sup id="cite_ref-COVID-19_vaccination_related_exacer_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-COVID-19_vaccination_related_exacer-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similar cases have been reported with the <a href="/wiki/Oxford%E2%80%93AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine">AstraZeneca</a> and <a href="/wiki/Janssen_COVID-19_vaccine" title="Janssen COVID-19 vaccine">Johnson & Johnson</a> COVID-19 vaccines.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, AA flares have also been linked to <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">SARS-CoV-2 infection</a>, either as an exacerbation of preexisting disease or a new diagnosis.<sup id="cite_ref-COVID-19_vaccination_related_exacer_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-COVID-19_vaccination_related_exacer-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the study's non-vaccinated AA cohort, the only observed case of hair loss worsening occurred after a COVID-19 infection.<sup id="cite_ref-COVID-19_vaccination_related_exacer_40-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-COVID-19_vaccination_related_exacer-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While causality remains unclear, these findings emphasize the need for further research into the relationship between vaccinations and AA progression. </p><p>A psychodermatological connection is noted with impairment in psychiatric comorbidities including mental well-being, self esteem and mental disorders acting as pathogenic triggers for alopecia areata.<sup id="cite_ref-Strazzulla_Wang_Avila_Lo_Sicco_2018_pp._1–12_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strazzulla_Wang_Avila_Lo_Sicco_2018_pp._1–12-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lee_Lee_Lee_Lee_2019_pp._466–477.e16_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lee_Lee_Lee_Lee_2019_pp._466–477.e16-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Torales_Castaldelli-Maia_Ventriglio_Almirón-Santacruz_2021_pp._2318–2323_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Torales_Castaldelli-Maia_Ventriglio_Almirón-Santacruz_2021_pp._2318–2323-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Minokawa_Sawada_Nakamura_2022_p=1038_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Minokawa_Sawada_Nakamura_2022_p=1038-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diagnosis">Diagnosis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alopecia_areata&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Diagnosis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alopecia areata is usually diagnosed based on clinical features. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Trichoscopy" title="Trichoscopy">Trichoscopy</a> may aid in establishing the diagnosis. In alopecia areata, trichoscopy shows regularly distributed "yellow dots" (<a href="/wiki/Hyperkeratotic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperkeratotic">hyperkeratotic</a> plugs), small exclamation-mark hairs, and "black dots" (destroyed hairs in the hair follicle opening).<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Oftentimes, however, discrete areas of hair loss surrounded by exclamation mark hairs is sufficient for clinical diagnosis of alopecia areata. Sometimes, reddening of the skin, <a href="/wiki/Erythema" title="Erythema">erythema</a>, may also be present in the balding area.<sup id="cite_ref-Bei2018_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bei2018-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A biopsy is rarely needed to make the diagnosis or aid in the management of alopecia areata. <a href="/wiki/Histologic" class="mw-redirect" title="Histologic">Histologic</a> findings may include peribulbar <a href="/wiki/Lymphocytic" class="mw-redirect" title="Lymphocytic">lymphocytic</a> infiltration resembling a "swarm of bees", a shift in the <a href="/wiki/Anagen" class="mw-redirect" title="Anagen">anagen</a>-to-telogen ratio towards telogen, and dilated follicular infundibulae.<sup id="cite_ref-HordinskyJunqueira2015_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HordinskyJunqueira2015-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other helpful findings can include pigment incontinence in the <a href="/wiki/Hair_bulb" class="mw-redirect" title="Hair bulb">hair bulb</a> and follicular stelae. Occasionally, in inactive alopecia areata, no inflammatory infiltrates are found.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Classification">Classification</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alopecia_areata&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fox_Plate_V.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Fox_Plate_V.jpg/220px-Fox_Plate_V.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Fox_Plate_V.jpg/330px-Fox_Plate_V.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Fox_Plate_V.jpg/440px-Fox_Plate_V.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2045" data-file-height="2557" /></a><figcaption>Varying degrees of alopecia areata, along with alopecia totalis</figcaption></figure> <p>Commonly, alopecia areata involves hair loss in one or more round spots on the scalp.<sup id="cite_ref-draelos_22-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-draelos-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lookingbill_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lookingbill-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Hair may also be lost more diffusely over the whole scalp, in which case the condition is called diffuse alopecia areata.<sup id="cite_ref-draelos_22-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-draelos-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Alopecia areata monolocularis describes baldness in only one spot. It may occur anywhere on the head.</li> <li>Alopecia areata multilocularis refers to multiple areas of hair loss.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ophiasis" title="Ophiasis">Ophiasis</a> refers to hair loss in the shape of a wave at the circumference of the head.</li> <li>The disease may be limited only to the beard, in which case it is called alopecia areata barbae.<sup id="cite_ref-draelos_22-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-draelos-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>If the person loses all the hair on the scalp, the disease is then called <a href="/wiki/Alopecia_areata_totalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Alopecia areata totalis">alopecia areata totalis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>If all body hair, including <a href="/wiki/Pubic_hair" title="Pubic hair">pubic hair</a>, is lost, the diagnosis then becomes <a href="/wiki/Alopecia_areata_universalis" class="mw-redirect" title="Alopecia areata universalis">alopecia areata universalis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NIH2016_7-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIH2016-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Alopecia areata totalis and universalis are rare.<sup id="cite_ref-WebMD_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WebMD-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Treatment">Treatment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alopecia_areata&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Treatment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The objective assessment of treatment efficacy is very difficult and spontaneous remission is unpredictable, but if the affected area is patchy, the hair may regrow spontaneously in many cases.<sup id="cite_ref-Shapiro2013_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shapiro2013-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> None of the existing therapeutic options are curative or preventive.<sup id="cite_ref-Shapiro2013_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shapiro2013-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 2020 systematic review showed greater than 50% hair regrowth in 80.9% of patients treated with 5 mg/mL <a href="/wiki/Triamcinolone" title="Triamcinolone">triamcinolone</a> injections.<sup id="cite_ref-Yee2020JAAD_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yee2020JAAD-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Cochrane_collaboration" class="mw-redirect" title="Cochrane collaboration">Cochrane</a>-style systematic review published in 2019 showed 5% topical <a href="/wiki/Minoxidil" title="Minoxidil">minoxidil</a> was more than eight times more associated with >50% hair regrowth at 6 months compared to placebo.<sup id="cite_ref-Freire2019_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Freire2019-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In cases of severe hair loss, limited success has been achieved by using the <a href="/wiki/Corticosteroid" title="Corticosteroid">corticosteroid</a> medications <a href="/wiki/Clobetasol" title="Clobetasol">clobetasol</a> or <a href="/wiki/Fluocinonide" title="Fluocinonide">fluocinonide</a> as an injection or cream. Application of corticosteroid creams to the affected skin is less effective and takes longer to produce results. Steroid injections are commonly used in sites where the areas of hair loss on the head are small or especially where eyebrow hair has been lost. Whether they are effective is uncertain.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Some other medications that have been used are <a href="/wiki/Minoxidil" title="Minoxidil">minoxidil</a>, Elocon (mometasone) ointment (steroid cream), irritants (<a href="/wiki/Anthralin" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthralin">anthralin</a> or topical <a href="/wiki/Coal_tar" title="Coal tar">coal tar</a>), and topical immunotherapy <a href="/wiki/Ciclosporin" title="Ciclosporin">ciclosporin</a>, sometimes in different combinations. Topical corticosteroids frequently fail to enter the skin deeply enough to affect the hair bulbs, which are the treatment target,<sup id="cite_ref-merck_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merck-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and small lesions typically also regrow spontaneously. Oral corticosteroids may decrease the hair loss, but only for the period during which they are taken, and these medications can cause serious <a href="/wiki/Adverse_effect_(medicine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Adverse effect (medicine)">side effects</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-merck_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merck-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No one treatment is effective in all cases, and some individuals may show no response to any treatment.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For more severe cases, studies have shown promising results with the individual use of the immunosuppressant methotrexate or adjunct use with corticosteroids.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When alopecia areata is associated with <a href="/wiki/Celiac_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Celiac disease">celiac disease</a>, treatment with a <a href="/wiki/Gluten-free_diet" title="Gluten-free diet">gluten-free diet</a> allows for complete and permanent regrowth of scalp and other body hair in many people, but in others, remissions and recurrences are seen.<sup id="cite_ref-CaproniBonciolini2012_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CaproniBonciolini2012-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This improvement is probably due to the normalization of the <a href="/wiki/Immune_response" title="Immune response">immune response</a> as a result of <a href="/wiki/Gluten" title="Gluten">gluten</a> withdrawal from the diet.<sup id="cite_ref-CaproniBonciolini2012_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CaproniBonciolini2012-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2022, the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA) authorized <a href="/wiki/Baricitinib" title="Baricitinib">baricitinib</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Janus_kinase_inhibitor" title="Janus kinase inhibitor">Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor</a>, for the treatment of severe alopecia areata.<sup id="cite_ref-Lilly_PR_20220613_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lilly_PR_20220613-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ritlecitinib" title="Ritlecitinib">Ritlecitinib</a> (Litfulo) was approved for medical use in the United States in June 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Fecal_matter_transplant_(F.M.T)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fecal matter transplant (F.M.T)">Fecal matter transplants</a> (FMT) have been shown to reverse AA and support hair growth, with long lasting results, even going as far as growing additional hair on arms and face while grey hairs even regained colour. This supports the idea of a connection between gut microbiota having a part in hair loss.<sup id="cite_ref-Barquero-Orias_2021_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barquero-Orias_2021-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hair transplantation may be an alternative for patients with chronic local alopecia areata. The fact that the disease is autoimmune and progresses with relapses is one of the biggest question marks before surgery. There have been case reports in the literature since the early 2000s. However, in an article published long-term follow-up; It is reported that the hair transplanted to the eyebrow area falls out again due to the recurrence of the disease.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A similar situation was not mentioned in previous studies on this subject. Perhaps the long-term follow-ups of other studies were not sufficient. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Deuruxolitinib" title="Deuruxolitinib">Deuruxolitinib</a> (Leqselvi) was approved for medical use in the United States in July 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prognosis">Prognosis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alopecia_areata&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Prognosis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In most cases that begin with a small number of patches of hair loss, hair grows back after a few months to a year.<sup id="cite_ref-aocd_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aocd-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In cases with a greater number of patches, hair can either grow back or progress to alopecia areata totalis or, in rare cases, alopecia areata universalis.<sup id="cite_ref-aocd_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aocd-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>No loss of body function occurs, and the effects of alopecia areata are psychological (loss of self-image due to hair loss), although these can be severe. Loss of hair also means the scalp burns more easily in the sun. Patients may also have aberrant nail formation because <a href="/wiki/Keratin" title="Keratin">keratin</a> forms both hair and nails.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Hair may grow back and then fall out again later. This may not indicate a recurrence of the condition, but rather a natural cycle of growth-and-shedding from a relatively synchronised start; such a pattern will fade over time. Episodes of alopecia areata before puberty predispose to chronic recurrence of the condition.<sup id="cite_ref-merck_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merck-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alopecia can be the cause of psychological <a href="/wiki/Stress_(medicine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stress (medicine)">stress</a>. Because hair loss can lead to significant changes in appearance, individuals with it may experience <a href="/wiki/Social_anxiety" title="Social anxiety">social phobia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anxiety" title="Anxiety">anxiety</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Depression_(mood)" title="Depression (mood)">depression</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HuntMcHale2005_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HuntMcHale2005-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Epidemiology">Epidemiology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alopecia_areata&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Epidemiology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The condition affects 0.1%–0.2% of the population, with a lifetime risk of 1%-2%,<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is more common in females.<sup id="cite_ref-occurrence_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-occurrence-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alopecia areata occurs in people who are otherwise healthy and have no other skin disorders.<sup id="cite_ref-merck_20-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merck-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initial presentation most commonly occurs in the early childhood, late <a href="/wiki/Teenage" class="mw-redirect" title="Teenage">teenage</a> years, or young adulthood, but can happen at any ages.<sup id="cite_ref-draelos_22-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-draelos-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Patients also tend to have a slightly higher incidence of conditions related to the immune system, such as <a href="/wiki/Asthma" title="Asthma">asthma</a>, allergies, <a href="/wiki/Atopy" title="Atopy">atopic</a> dermatitis, and <a href="/wiki/Hypothyroidism" title="Hypothyroidism">hypothyroidism</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnic_and_socioeconomic_disparities">Ethnic and socioeconomic disparities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alopecia_areata&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Ethnic and socioeconomic disparities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The prevalence and impact of AA vary across different ethnic groups and socioeconomic backgrounds.<sup id="cite_ref-Thompson_924–935_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thompson_924–935-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Studies indicate that people of <a href="/wiki/Asian_people" title="Asian people">Asian descent</a> have the highest risk, with nearly 6 cases per 100 people, compared to fewer than 2 cases per 100 people among White individuals.<sup id="cite_ref-Thompson_924–935_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thompson_924–935-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> People living in urban or economically disadvantaged areas face a higher likelihood of developing AA.<sup id="cite_ref-Thompson_924–935_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thompson_924–935-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The effects of the condition also differ by ethnicity: individuals of Black descent with AA are more likely to experience <a href="/wiki/Anxiety_disorder" title="Anxiety disorder">anxiety</a> and require medical leave from work.<sup id="cite_ref-Thompson_924–935_59-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thompson_924–935-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These findings suggest that genetic, environmental, and social factors may influence both the likelihood of developing AA and its broader personal and professional impact.<sup id="cite_ref-Thompson_924–935_59-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thompson_924–935-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Society_and_culture">Society and culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alopecia_areata&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Society and culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term "alopecia", used by physicians dating back to <a href="/wiki/Hippocrates" title="Hippocrates">Hippocrates</a>, originates from the <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> word for fox, "alopex", and was so-named due to fur loss seen in fox mange. "Areata" is derived from the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> word, "area", meaning a vacant space or patch.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alopecia areata and alopecia barbae have been identified by some as the biblical <span title="Hebrew-language romanization"><i lang="he-Latn">nethek</i></span> condition that is part of the greater <span title="Hebrew-language romanization"><i lang="he-Latn">tzaraath</i></span> family of skin disorders; the said disorders are purported to being discussed in the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Leviticus" title="Book of Leviticus">Book of Leviticus</a>, chapter 13.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alopecia_areata&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NASCAR driver <a href="/wiki/Joey_Logano" title="Joey Logano">Joey Logano</a>, obstacle athlete Kevin Bull,<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> politicians <a href="/wiki/Peter_Dutton" title="Peter Dutton">Peter Dutton</a><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Ayanna_Pressley" title="Ayanna Pressley">Ayanna Pressley</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/K-pop" title="K-pop">K-pop</a> singer <a href="/wiki/Peniel_Shin" title="Peniel Shin">Peniel Shin</a> of <a href="/wiki/BtoB_(band)" title="BtoB (band)">BtoB</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> actors <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Reeve" title="Christopher Reeve">Christopher Reeve</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Groopman2003_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Groopman2003-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Carrigan_(actor)" title="Anthony Carrigan (actor)">Anthony Carrigan</a><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Alan_Fletcher_(actor)" title="Alan Fletcher (actor)">Alan Fletcher</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and actresses <a href="/wiki/Jada_Pinkett_Smith" title="Jada Pinkett Smith">Jada Pinkett Smith</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/May_Calamawy" title="May Calamawy">May Calamawy</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Lili_Reinhart" title="Lili Reinhart">Lili Reinhart</a><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> all have some form of alopecia areata. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research">Research</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alopecia_areata&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many medications are being studied.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, preliminary findings showing that oral <a href="/wiki/Ruxolitinib" title="Ruxolitinib">ruxolitinib</a>, a drug approved by the US <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA) for bone marrow disorder <a href="/wiki/Myelofibrosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Myelofibrosis">myelofibrosis</a>, restored hair growth in three individuals with long-standing and severe disease.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2020, the US FDA granted <a href="/wiki/Breakthrough_therapy" title="Breakthrough therapy">breakthrough therapy</a> designation to <a href="/wiki/Baricitinib" title="Baricitinib">baricitinib</a> for the systematic treatment of alopecia areata<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and granted approval in June 2022,<sup id="cite_ref-Lilly_PR_20220613_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lilly_PR_20220613-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a 32% efficacy rate for people with 50% hair loss reaching 80% scalp coverage in 36 weeks.<sup id="cite_ref-FDA_PR_20220613_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FDA_PR_20220613-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It acts as an <a href="/wiki/Janus_kinase_inhibitor" title="Janus kinase inhibitor">inhibitor of janus kinase</a> (JAK), blocking the subtypes <a href="/wiki/JAK1" class="mw-redirect" title="JAK1">JAK1</a> and <a href="/wiki/JAK2" class="mw-redirect" title="JAK2">JAK2</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CHMP_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CHMP-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alopecia_areata&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NORD2004-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NORD2004_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NORD2004_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NORD2004_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NORD2004_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NORD2004_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NORD2004_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/alopecia-areata/">"Alopecia Areata - NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)"</a>. <i>NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders)</i>. 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170221044421/https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/alopecia-areata/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NORD+%28National+Organization+for+Rare+Disorders%29&rft.atitle=Alopecia+Areata+-+NORD+%28National+Organization+for+Rare+Disorders%29&rft.date=2004&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frarediseases.org%2Frare-diseases%2Falopecia-areata%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlopecia+areata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1">"alopecia". <i>The Chambers Dictionary</i> (9th ed.). Chambers. 2003. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-550-10105-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-550-10105-5"><bdi>0-550-10105-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=alopecia&rft.btitle=The+Chambers+Dictionary&rft.edition=9th&rft.pub=Chambers&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-550-10105-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlopecia+areata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1">"alopecia". <i>Collins English Dictionary</i> (13th ed.). HarperCollins. 2018. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-008-28437-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-008-28437-4"><bdi>978-0-008-28437-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=alopecia&rft.btitle=Collins+English+Dictionary&rft.edition=13th&rft.pub=HarperCollins&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-0-008-28437-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlopecia+areata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/alopecia">"Definition of alopecia"</a>. <i>Dictionary.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220328230916/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/alopecia">Archived</a> from the original on 28 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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"Alopecia areata". <i>International Journal of Dermatology</i>. <b>46</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">121–</span>131. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-4632.2007.03193.x">10.1111/j.1365-4632.2007.03193.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17269961">17269961</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:57279630">57279630</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Dermatology&rft.atitle=Alopecia+areata&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E121-%3C%2Fspan%3E131&rft.date=2007-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A57279630%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17269961&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1365-4632.2007.03193.x&rft.aulast=Wasserman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.au=Guzman-Sanchez%2C+DA&rft.au=Scott%2C+K&rft.au=McMichael%2C+A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlopecia+areata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fitz2003-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fitz2003_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFreedbergEisenWolffAusten2003" class="citation book cs1">Freedberg IM, Eisen AZ, Wolff K, Austen KF, Goldsmith LA, Katz S (2003). <i>Fitzpatrick's dermatology in general medicine</i> (6th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill, Medical Pub. Division. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-07-138076-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-07-138076-0"><bdi>0-07-138076-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fitzpatrick%27s+dermatology+in+general+medicine&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=6th&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill%2C+Medical+Pub.+Division&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-07-138076-0&rft.aulast=Freedberg&rft.aufirst=IM&rft.au=Eisen%2C+AZ&rft.au=Wolff%2C+K&rft.au=Austen%2C+KF&rft.au=Goldsmith%2C+LA&rft.au=Katz%2C+S&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlopecia+areata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LenanePope2005-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LenanePope2005_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLenanePopeKrafchik2005" class="citation journal cs1">Lenane P, Pope E, Krafchik B (February 2005). "Congenital alopecia areata". <i>Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology</i> (Case Reports. Review). <b>52</b> (2 Suppl 1): <span class="nowrap">8–</span>11. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaad.2004.06.024">10.1016/j.jaad.2004.06.024</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15692503">15692503</a>. <q>We believe AA should be classified not only as an acquired, but also a congenital form of nonscarring hair loss. It may well be more common than is thought because of lack of recognition</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Academy+of+Dermatology&rft.atitle=Congenital+alopecia+areata&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2+Suppl+1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E8-%3C%2Fspan%3E11&rft.date=2005-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jaad.2004.06.024&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15692503&rft.aulast=Lenane&rft.aufirst=P&rft.au=Pope%2C+E&rft.au=Krafchik%2C+B&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlopecia+areata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fukuyama_Ito_Ohyama_2021_pp._19–36-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fukuyama_Ito_Ohyama_2021_pp._19–36_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFukuyamaItoOhyama2022" class="citation journal cs1">Fukuyama M, Ito T, Ohyama M (January 2022). 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Eli Lilly and Company. 16 March 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200317170907/https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/lilly-receives-fda-breakthrough-therapy-designation-for-baricitinib-for-the-treatment-of-alopecia-areata-301024437.html">Archived</a> from the original on 17 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2020</span> – via PR Newswire.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lilly+Receives+FDA+Breakthrough+Therapy+Designation+for+Baricitinib+for+the+Treatment+of+Alopecia+Areata&rft.pub=Eli+Lilly+and+Company&rft.date=2020-03-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.prnewswire.com%2Fnews-releases%2Flilly-receives-fda-breakthrough-therapy-designation-for-baricitinib-for-the-treatment-of-alopecia-areata-301024437.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlopecia+areata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FDA_PR_20220613-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FDA_PR_20220613_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-systemic-treatment-alopecia-areata">"FDA Approves First Systemic Treatment for Alopecia Areata"</a>. <i>U.S. <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA)</i> (Press release). 13 June 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220614051142/https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-systemic-treatment-alopecia-areata">Archived</a> from the original on 14 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FDA+Approves+First+Systemic+Treatment+for+Alopecia+Areata&rft.date=2022-06-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fda.gov%2Fnews-events%2Fpress-announcements%2Ffda-approves-first-systemic-treatment-alopecia-areata&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlopecia+areata" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CHMP-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CHMP_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/Summary_of_opinion_-_Initial_authorisation/human/004085/WC500218183.pdf">"Summary of opinion for Olumiant"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/European_Medicines_Agency" title="European Medicines Agency">European Medicines Agency</a> (EMA). 15 December 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180315212105/http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/Summary_of_opinion_-_Initial_authorisation/human/004085/WC500218183.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 15 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Summary+of+opinion+for+Olumiant&rft.pub=European+Medicines+Agency+%28EMA%29&rft.date=2016-12-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ema.europa.eu%2Fdocs%2Fen_GB%2Fdocument_library%2FSummary_of_opinion_-_Initial_authorisation%2Fhuman%2F004085%2FWC500218183.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlopecia+areata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alopecia_areata&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox32" style="width:100%; margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 0;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EAECF0;color:black;">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div style="position:relative; float:right; font-size:0.8em;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5075435" class="extiw" title="d:Q5075435">D</a></div><div class="hlist" style="text-align:left;"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Statistical_Classification_of_Diseases_and_Related_Health_Problems" class="mw-redirect" title="International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/ICD-10" title="ICD-10">10</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/L63">L63</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Statistical_Classification_of_Diseases_and_Related_Health_Problems" class="mw-redirect" title="International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/List_of_ICD-9_codes" title="List of ICD-9 codes">9-CM</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=704.01">704.01</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Online_Mendelian_Inheritance_in_Man" title="Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man">OMIM</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://omim.org/entry/104000">104000</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D000506">D000506</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Diseases_Database" title="Diseases Database">DiseasesDB</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diseasesdatabase.com/ddb430.htm">430</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EAECF0;color:black;">External resources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist" style="text-align:left;"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/MedlinePlus" title="MedlinePlus">MedlinePlus</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001450.htm">001450</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/EMedicine" title="EMedicine">eMedicine</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://emedicine.medscape.com/derm/14-overview">derm/14</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Human_hair235" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Human_hair" title="Template:Human hair"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Human_hair" title="Template talk:Human hair"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Human_hair" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Human hair"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Human_hair235" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hair" title="Hair">Human hair</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">by type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lanugo" title="Lanugo">Lanugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_hair" title="Body hair">Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terminal_hair" title="Terminal hair">Terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vellus_hair" title="Vellus hair">Vellus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">by location</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Body_hair" title="Body hair">Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ear_hair" title="Ear hair">Ear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasal_hair" title="Nasal hair">Nose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eyebrow" title="Eyebrow">Eyebrow</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unibrow" title="Unibrow">unibrow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eyelash" title="Eyelash">Eyelash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underarm_hair" title="Underarm hair">Underarm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chest_hair" title="Chest hair">Chest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdominal_hair" title="Abdominal hair">Abdominal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pubic_hair" title="Pubic hair">Pubic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leg_hair" title="Leg hair">Leg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Head <a href="/wiki/Hairstyle" title="Hairstyle">hairstyles</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_hairstyles" title="List of hairstyles">list of hairstyles</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro" title="Afro">Afro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro_puffs" title="Afro puffs">Afro puffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asymmetric_cut" title="Asymmetric cut">Asymmetric cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_loss" title="Hair loss">Bald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangs_(hair)" title="Bangs (hair)">Bangs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beehive_(hairstyle)" title="Beehive (hairstyle)">Beehive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_hair" title="Big hair">Big hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_hair" title="Long hair">Blowout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_cut" title="Bob cut">Bob cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouffant" title="Bouffant">Bouffant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowl_cut" title="Bowl cut">Bowl cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braid_(hairstyle)" title="Braid (hairstyle)">Braid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broccoli_haircut" title="Broccoli haircut">Broccoli haircut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brush_cut" title="Brush cut">Brush, butch, burr cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bun_(hairstyle)" title="Bun (hairstyle)">Bun</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bun_(hairstyle)" title="Bun (hairstyle)">odango</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunches" class="mw-redirect" title="Bunches">Bunches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regular_haircut" title="Regular haircut">Businessman cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butterfly_haircut" title="Butterfly haircut">Butterfly haircut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buzz_cut" title="Buzz cut">Buzz cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesar_cut" title="Caesar cut">Caesar cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chignon_(hairstyle)" title="Chignon (hairstyle)">Chignon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chonmage" title="Chonmage">Chonmage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comb_over" title="Comb over">Comb over</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conk" title="Conk">Conk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornrows" title="Cornrows">Cornrows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crew_cut" title="Crew cut">Crew cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crochet_braids" title="Crochet braids">Crochet braids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croydon_facelift" title="Croydon facelift">Croydon facelift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curly_hair" class="mw-redirect" title="Curly hair">Curly hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtained_hair" title="Curtained hair">Curtained hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czupryna" title="Czupryna">Czupryna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devilock" title="Devilock">Devilock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dido_flip" title="Dido flip">Dido flip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_perm" title="Digital perm">Digital perm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreadlocks" title="Dreadlocks">Dreadlocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ducktail" title="Ducktail">Ducktail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_cut" title="Edgar cut">Edgar cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eton_crop" title="Eton crop">Eton crop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_hair_integrations" title="Artificial hair integrations">Extensions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohawk_hairstyle" title="Mohawk hairstyle">Fauxhawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feathered_hair" title="Feathered hair">Feathered hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finger_wave" title="Finger wave">Finger wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flattop" title="Flattop">Flattop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontange" title="Fontange">Fontange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_braid" title="French braid">French braid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_twist_(hairstyle)" title="French twist (hairstyle)">French twist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fringe_(hair)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fringe (hair)">Fringe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frosted_tips" title="Frosted tips">Frosted tips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_crimping" title="Hair crimping">Hair crimping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_twists" title="Hair twists">Hair twists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_and_tight" title="High and tight">High and tight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hime_cut" title="Hime cut">Hime cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_Christian_hairstyles" title="Historical Christian hairstyles">Historical Christian hairstyles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hi-top_fade" title="Hi-top fade">Hi-top fade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Induction_cut" title="Induction cut">Induction cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivy_League_(haircut)" title="Ivy League (haircut)">Ivy League, Harvard, Princeton cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hairstyles_of_Japanese_women" title="Hairstyles of Japanese women">Japanese women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewfro" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewfro">Jewfro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_look" title="Jesus look">Jesus look</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jheri_curl" title="Jheri curl">Jheri curl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinky_hair" title="Kinky hair">Kinky hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiss_curl" title="Kiss curl">Kiss curl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laid_edges" title="Laid edges">Laid edges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Layered_hair" title="Layered hair">Layered hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_spikes" title="Liberty spikes">Liberty spikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_hair" title="Long hair">Long hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lob_(haircut)" title="Lob (haircut)">Lob cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovelock_(hair)" title="Lovelock (hair)">Lovelock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcelling" title="Marcelling">Marcelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wings_(haircut)" title="Wings (haircut)">Mod cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohawk_hairstyle" title="Mohawk hairstyle">Mohawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mullet_(haircut)" title="Mullet (haircut)">Mullet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hairstyles_in_the_1950s" title="Hairstyles in the 1950s">1950s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hairstyles_in_the_1980s" title="Hairstyles in the 1980s">1980s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pageboy" title="Pageboy">Pageboy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Part_(haircut)" class="mw-redirect" title="Part (haircut)">Part</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Payot" title="Payot">Payot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pigtail" title="Pigtail">Pigtail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixie_cut" title="Pixie cut">Pixie cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompadour_(hairstyle)" title="Pompadour (hairstyle)">Pompadour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponytail" title="Ponytail">Ponytail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punch_perm" title="Punch perm">Punch perm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regular_haircut" title="Regular haircut">Professional cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queue_(hairstyle)" title="Queue (hairstyle)">Queue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quiff" title="Quiff">Quiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rattail_(hairstyle)" title="Rattail (hairstyle)">Rattail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razor_cut" class="mw-redirect" title="Razor cut">Razor cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regular_haircut" title="Regular haircut">Regular haircut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ringlet_(haircut)" title="Ringlet (haircut)">Ringlets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shag_(haircut)" title="Shag (haircut)">Shag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shape-up" title="Shape-up">Shape-up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shikha_(hairstyle)" title="Shikha (hairstyle)">Shikha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimada_(hairstyle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shimada (hairstyle)">Shimada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regular_haircut" title="Regular haircut">Short back and sides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brush_cut" title="Brush cut">Short brush cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_hair" title="Short hair">Short hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_spikes" title="Liberty spikes">Spiky hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_hair" class="mw-redirect" title="Straight hair">Straight hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regular_haircut" title="Regular haircut">Standard haircut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Step_cutting" title="Step cutting">Step cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surfer_hair" title="Surfer hair">Surfer hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regular_haircut" title="Regular haircut">Taper cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_fade" title="Temple fade">Temple fade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titus_cut" title="Titus cut">Titus cut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonsure" title="Tonsure">Tonsure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Updo" class="mw-redirect" title="Updo">Updo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undercut_(hairstyle)" title="Undercut (hairstyle)">Undercut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_rolls" title="Victory rolls">Victory rolls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waves_(hairstyle)" title="Waves (hairstyle)">Waves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Widow%27s_peak" title="Widow's peak">Widow's peak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wings_(haircut)" title="Wings (haircut)">Wings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Facial_hair" title="Facial hair">Facial hair</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_facial_hairstyles" title="List of facial hairstyles">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beard" title="Beard">Beard</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinstrap_beard" title="Chinstrap beard">Chinstrap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goatee" title="Goatee">Goatee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ned_Kelly_beard" title="Ned Kelly beard">Ned Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenandoah_(beard)" title="Shenandoah (beard)">Shenandoah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soul_patch" title="Soul patch">Soul patch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Dyke_beard" title="Van Dyke beard">Van Dyke</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moustache" title="Moustache">Moustache</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fu_Manchu_moustache" title="Fu Manchu moustache">Fu Manchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handlebar_moustache" title="Handlebar moustache">handlebar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horseshoe_moustache" title="Horseshoe moustache">horseshoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencil_moustache" title="Pencil moustache">pencil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toothbrush_moustache" title="Toothbrush moustache">toothbrush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walrus_moustache" title="Walrus moustache">walrus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Designer_stubble" title="Designer stubble">Designer stubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sideburns" title="Sideburns">Sideburns</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hair subtraction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">cosmetic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hair_removal" title="Hair removal">Removal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waxing" title="Waxing">waxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Threading_(epilation)" title="Threading (epilation)">threading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plucking_(hair_removal)" title="Plucking (hair removal)">plucking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_depilatory" title="Chemical depilatory">chemical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrology" title="Electrology">electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_hair_removal" title="Laser hair removal">laser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intense_pulsed_light" title="Intense pulsed light">IPL</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaving" title="Shaving">Shaving</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Head_shaving" title="Head shaving">head</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leg_shaving" title="Leg shaving">leg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaving_cream" title="Shaving cream">cream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaving_brush" title="Shaving brush">brush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaving_soap" title="Shaving soap">soap</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razor" title="Razor">Razor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electric_shaver" title="Electric shaver">electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safety_razor" title="Safety razor">safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_razor" title="Straight razor">straight</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">disorders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hair_loss" title="Hair loss">Alopecia</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">areata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alopecia_totalis" title="Alopecia totalis">totalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alopecia_universalis" title="Alopecia universalis">universalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frictional_alopecia" title="Frictional alopecia">Frictional alopecia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattern_hair_loss" title="Pattern hair loss">Pattern hair loss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypertrichosis" title="Hypertrichosis">Hypertrichosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Management_of_hair_loss" title="Management of hair loss">Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichophilia" class="mw-redirect" title="Trichophilia">Trichophilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichotillomania" title="Trichotillomania">Trichotillomania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pogonophobia" title="Pogonophobia">Pogonophobia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Haircare products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hairbrush" title="Hairbrush">Brush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_clay" title="Hair clay">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_clipper" title="Hair clipper">Clipper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comb" title="Comb">Comb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_conditioner" title="Hair conditioner">Conditioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_dryer" title="Hair dryer">Dryer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_gel" title="Hair gel">Gel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hairstyling_product" title="Hairstyling product">Hairstyling products</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_comb" title="Hot comb">Hot comb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_iron" title="Hair iron">Iron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_mousse" title="Hair mousse">Mousse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomade" title="Pomade">Pomade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relaxer" title="Relaxer">Relaxer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_roller" title="Hair roller">Rollers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shampoo" title="Shampoo">Shampoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_spray" title="Hair spray">Spray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_volumizer" title="Hair volumizer">Volumizer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_wax" title="Hair wax">Wax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_texture_powder" title="Hair texture powder">Hair texture powder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Haircare techniques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backcombing" title="Backcombing">Backcombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_coloring" title="Hair coloring">Hair coloring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_crimping" title="Hair crimping">Crimping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curly_Girl_Method" title="Curly Girl Method">Curly Girl Method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_cutting" class="mw-redirect" title="Hair cutting">Hair cutting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perm_(hairstyle)" title="Perm (hairstyle)">Perm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shampoo_and_set" title="Shampoo and set">Shampoo and set</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_straightening" title="Hair straightening">Straightening</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Health and medical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greying_of_hair" title="Greying of hair">Greying of hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_follicle" title="Hair follicle">Hair follicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_hair_growth" title="Human hair growth">Hair growth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichology" title="Trichology">Trichology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Walker_Hair_Typing_System" title="Andre Walker Hair Typing System">Andre Walker Hair Typing System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beard_and_haircut_laws_by_country" title="Beard and haircut laws by country">Beard and haircut laws by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bearded_lady" title="Bearded lady">Bearded lady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barber" title="Barber">Barber</a> (<a href="/wiki/Barber%27s_pole" title="Barber's pole">pole</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eponymous_hairstyle" title="Eponymous hairstyle">Eponymous hairstyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frizz" title="Frizz">Frizz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_hair" class="mw-redirect" title="Good hair">Good hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hairdresser" title="Hairdresser">Hairdresser</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hairdressers" title="List of hairdressers">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_fetishism" title="Hair fetishism">Hair fetishism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wig" title="Wig">Wig</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Diseases_of_the_skin_and_appendages_by_morphology95" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Diseases_of_the_skin_and_appendages_by_morphology" title="Template:Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Diseases_of_the_skin_and_appendages_by_morphology" title="Template talk:Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Diseases_of_the_skin_and_appendages_by_morphology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Diseases_of_the_skin_and_appendages_by_morphology95" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Growths</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Epidermis" title="Epidermis">Epidermal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wart" title="Wart">Wart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callus" title="Callus">Callus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seborrheic_keratosis" title="Seborrheic keratosis">Seborrheic keratosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skin_tag" title="Skin tag">Acrochordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molluscum_contagiosum" title="Molluscum contagiosum">Molluscum contagiosum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actinic_keratosis" title="Actinic keratosis">Actinic keratosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squamous-cell_carcinoma" title="Squamous-cell carcinoma">Squamous-cell carcinoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basal-cell_carcinoma" title="Basal-cell carcinoma">Basal-cell carcinoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merkel-cell_carcinoma" title="Merkel-cell carcinoma">Merkel-cell carcinoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevus_sebaceous" title="Nevus sebaceous">Nevus sebaceous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichoepithelioma" title="Trichoepithelioma">Trichoepithelioma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pigmented</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freckle" title="Freckle">Freckles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lentigo" title="Lentigo">Lentigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melasma" title="Melasma">Melasma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevus" title="Nevus">Nevus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanoma" title="Melanoma">Melanoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postinflammatory_hyperpigmentation" title="Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation">Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dermis" title="Dermis">Dermal</a> and<br />subcutaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epidermoid_cyst" title="Epidermoid cyst">Epidermal inclusion cyst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemangioma" title="Hemangioma">Hemangioma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benign_fibrous_histiocytoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Benign fibrous histiocytoma">Dermatofibroma (benign fibrous histiocytoma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keloid" title="Keloid">Keloid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipoma" title="Lipoma">Lipoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neurofibroma" title="Neurofibroma">Neurofibroma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xanthoma" title="Xanthoma">Xanthoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaposi%27s_sarcoma" title="Kaposi's sarcoma">Kaposi's sarcoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infantile_digital_fibromatosis" title="Infantile digital fibromatosis">Infantile digital fibromatosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granular_cell_tumor" title="Granular cell tumor">Granular cell tumor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leiomyoma" title="Leiomyoma">Leiomyoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lymphangioma_circumscriptum" title="Lymphangioma circumscriptum">Lymphangioma circumscriptum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myxoid_cyst" title="Myxoid cyst">Myxoid cyst</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rash" title="Rash">Rashes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">With<br /> epidermal<br /> involvement</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eczematous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contact_dermatitis" title="Contact dermatitis">Contact dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atopic_dermatitis" title="Atopic dermatitis">Atopic dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seborrhoeic_dermatitis" title="Seborrhoeic dermatitis">Seborrheic dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stasis_dermatitis" title="Stasis dermatitis">Stasis dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_simplex_chronicus" title="Lichen simplex chronicus">Lichen simplex chronicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darier%27s_disease" title="Darier's disease">Darier's disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glucagonoma_syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Glucagonoma syndrome">Glucagonoma syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langerhans_cell_histiocytosis" title="Langerhans cell histiocytosis">Langerhans cell histiocytosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_sclerosus" title="Lichen sclerosus">Lichen sclerosus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemphigus" title="Pemphigus">Pemphigus foliaceus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiskott%E2%80%93Aldrich_syndrome" title="Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome">Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zinc_deficiency" title="Zinc deficiency">Zinc deficiency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scale_(dermatology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scale (dermatology)">Scaling</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psoriasis" title="Psoriasis">Psoriasis</a></li> <li>Tinea (<a href="/wiki/Tinea_corporis" title="Tinea corporis">Corporis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_cruris" title="Tinea cruris">Cruris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athlete%27s_foot" title="Athlete's foot">Pedis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_manuum" title="Tinea manuum">Manuum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_faciei" title="Tinea faciei">Faciei</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pityriasis_rosea" title="Pityriasis rosea">Pityriasis rosea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syphilis" title="Syphilis">Secondary syphilis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycosis_fungoides" title="Mycosis fungoides">Mycosis fungoides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systemic_lupus_erythematosus" class="mw-redirect" title="Systemic lupus erythematosus">Systemic lupus erythematosus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pityriasis_rubra_pilaris" title="Pityriasis rubra pilaris">Pityriasis rubra pilaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parapsoriasis" title="Parapsoriasis">Parapsoriasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichthyosis" title="Ichthyosis">Ichthyosis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Blister" title="Blister">Blistering</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herpes" title="Herpes">Herpes simplex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herpes_zoster" class="mw-redirect" title="Herpes zoster">Herpes zoster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chickenpox" title="Chickenpox">Varicella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impetigo" title="Impetigo">Bullous impetigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contact_dermatitis" title="Contact dermatitis">Acute contact dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemphigus_vulgaris" title="Pemphigus vulgaris">Pemphigus vulgaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullous_pemphigoid" title="Bullous pemphigoid">Bullous pemphigoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dermatitis_herpetiformis" title="Dermatitis herpetiformis">Dermatitis herpetiformis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porphyria_cutanea_tarda" title="Porphyria cutanea tarda">Porphyria cutanea tarda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epidermolysis_bullosa_simplex" title="Epidermolysis bullosa simplex">Epidermolysis bullosa simplex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Papule" title="Papule">Papular</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scabies" title="Scabies">Scabies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insect_bites_and_stings" class="mw-redirect" title="Insect bites and stings">Insect bite reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_planus" title="Lichen planus">Lichen planus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miliaria" title="Miliaria">Miliaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keratosis_pilaris" title="Keratosis pilaris">Keratosis pilaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_spinulosus" title="Lichen spinulosus">Lichen spinulosus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transient_acantholytic_dermatosis" title="Transient acantholytic dermatosis">Transient acantholytic dermatosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_nitidus" title="Lichen nitidus">Lichen nitidus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pityriasis_lichenoides_et_varioliformis_acuta" title="Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta">Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pustule" class="mw-redirect" title="Pustule">Pustular</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acne_vulgaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Acne vulgaris">Acne vulgaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosacea" title="Rosacea">Rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folliculitis" title="Folliculitis">Folliculitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impetigo" title="Impetigo">Impetigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candidiasis" title="Candidiasis">Candidiasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neisseria_gonorrhoeae" title="Neisseria gonorrhoeae">Gonococcemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dermatophyte" title="Dermatophyte">Dermatophyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coccidioidomycosis" title="Coccidioidomycosis">Coccidioidomycosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcorneal_pustular_dermatosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Subcorneal pustular dermatosis">Subcorneal pustular dermatosis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hypopigmented</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_versicolor" title="Tinea versicolor">Tinea versicolor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitiligo" title="Vitiligo">Vitiligo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pityriasis_alba" title="Pityriasis alba">Pityriasis alba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuberous_sclerosis" title="Tuberous sclerosis">Tuberous sclerosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idiopathic_guttate_hypomelanosis" title="Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis">Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leprosy" title="Leprosy">Leprosy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycosis_fungoides" title="Mycosis fungoides">Hypopigmented mycosis fungoides</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Without<br /> epidermal<br /> involvement</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Red12" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Red</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Blanchable<br /> <a href="/wiki/Erythema" title="Erythema">Erythema</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Generalized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drug_eruption" title="Drug eruption">Drug eruptions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exanthem" title="Exanthem">Viral exanthems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythema_toxicum_neonatorum" title="Erythema toxicum neonatorum">Toxic erythema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systemic_lupus_erythematosus" class="mw-redirect" title="Systemic lupus erythematosus">Systemic lupus erythematosus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Localized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cellulitis" title="Cellulitis">Cellulitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abscess" title="Abscess">Abscess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boil" title="Boil">Boil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythema_nodosum" title="Erythema nodosum">Erythema nodosum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carcinoid_syndrome" title="Carcinoid syndrome">Carcinoid syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fixed_drug_eruption" class="mw-redirect" title="Fixed drug eruption">Fixed drug eruption</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urticaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Urticaria">Urticaria</a></li> <li>Erythema (<a href="/wiki/Erythema_multiforme" title="Erythema multiforme">Multiforme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythema_chronicum_migrans" class="mw-redirect" title="Erythema chronicum migrans">Migrans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythema_gyratum_repens" title="Erythema gyratum repens">Gyratum repens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythema_annulare_centrifugum" title="Erythema annulare centrifugum">Annulare centrifugum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythema_ab_igne" title="Erythema ab igne">Ab igne</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nonblanchable<br /> Purpura</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Macular</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thrombocytopenic_purpura" title="Thrombocytopenic purpura">Thrombocytopenic purpura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_purpura" title="Solar purpura">Actinic/solar purpura</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Papular</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disseminated_intravascular_coagulation" title="Disseminated intravascular coagulation">Disseminated intravascular coagulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasculitis" title="Vasculitis">Vasculitis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indurated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scleroderma" title="Scleroderma">Scleroderma</a>/<a href="/wiki/Morphea" title="Morphea">morphea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granuloma_annulare" title="Granuloma annulare">Granuloma annulare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_sclerosus" title="Lichen sclerosus">Lichen sclerosis et atrophicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necrobiosis_lipoidica" title="Necrobiosis lipoidica">Necrobiosis lipoidica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous<br /> disorders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ulcer_(dermatology)" title="Ulcer (dermatology)">Ulcers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hair</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Telogen_effluvium" title="Telogen effluvium">Telogen effluvium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Androgenic_alopecia" class="mw-redirect" title="Androgenic alopecia">Androgenic alopecia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alopecia areata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systemic_lupus_erythematosus" class="mw-redirect" title="Systemic lupus erythematosus">Systemic lupus erythematosus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinea_capitis" title="Tinea capitis">Tinea capitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loose_anagen_syndrome" title="Loose anagen syndrome">Loose anagen syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_planopilaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Lichen planopilaris">Lichen planopilaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folliculitis_decalvans" title="Folliculitis decalvans">Folliculitis decalvans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudofolliculitis_barbae" title="Pseudofolliculitis barbae">Acne keloidalis nuchae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nail_(anatomy)" title="Nail (anatomy)">Nail</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Onychomycosis" title="Onychomycosis">Onychomycosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psoriasis" title="Psoriasis">Psoriasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paronychia" title="Paronychia">Paronychia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrown_nail" title="Ingrown nail">Ingrown nail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mucous_membrane" title="Mucous membrane">Mucous<br /> membrane</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphthous_stomatitis" title="Aphthous stomatitis">Aphthous stomatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oral_candidiasis" title="Oral candidiasis">Oral candidiasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_planus" title="Lichen planus">Lichen planus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leukoplakia" title="Leukoplakia">Leukoplakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemphigus" title="Pemphigus">Pemphigus vulgaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mucous_membrane_pemphigoid" title="Mucous membrane pemphigoid">Mucous membrane pemphigoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicatricial_pemphigoid" class="mw-redirect" title="Cicatricial pemphigoid">Cicatricial pemphigoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herpesviridae" title="Herpesviridae">Herpesvirus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coxsackievirus" title="Coxsackievirus">Coxsackievirus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syphilis" title="Syphilis">Syphilis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Histoplasmosis" title="Histoplasmosis">Systemic histoplasmosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squamous-cell_carcinoma" title="Squamous-cell carcinoma">Squamous-cell carcinoma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Disorders_of_skin_appendages114" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Disorders_of_skin_appendages" title="Template:Disorders of skin appendages"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Disorders_of_skin_appendages" title="Template talk:Disorders of skin appendages"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Disorders_of_skin_appendages" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Disorders of skin appendages"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Disorders_of_skin_appendages114" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Disorders of <a href="/wiki/Skin_appendage" title="Skin appendage">skin appendages</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nail_disease" title="Nail disease">Nail</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>thickness: <a href="/wiki/Onychogryphosis" title="Onychogryphosis">Onychogryphosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychauxis" title="Onychauxis">Onychauxis</a></li></ul> <ul><li>color: <a href="/wiki/Beau%27s_lines" title="Beau's lines">Beau's lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_nail_syndrome" title="Yellow nail syndrome">Yellow nail syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leukonychia" title="Leukonychia">Leukonychia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_nails" title="Blue nails">Azure lunula</a></li></ul> <ul><li>shape: <a href="/wiki/Koilonychia" title="Koilonychia">Koilonychia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nail_clubbing" title="Nail clubbing">Nail clubbing</a></li></ul> <ul><li>behavior: <a href="/wiki/Onychotillomania" title="Onychotillomania">Onychotillomania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychophagia" class="mw-redirect" title="Onychophagia">Onychophagia</a></li></ul> <ul><li>other: <a href="/wiki/Ingrown_nail" title="Ingrown nail">Ingrown nail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anonychia" title="Anonychia">Anonychia</a></li></ul> <ul><li>ungrouped: <a href="/wiki/Paronychia" title="Paronychia">Paronychia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acute_paronychia" class="mw-redirect" title="Acute paronychia">Acute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronic_paronychia" class="mw-redirect" title="Chronic paronychia">Chronic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chevron_nail" title="Chevron nail">Chevron nail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congenital_onychodysplasia_of_the_index_fingers" title="Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers">Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_nails" class="mw-redirect" title="Green nails">Green nails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Half_and_half_nail" title="Half and half nail">Half and half nails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangnail" title="Hangnail">Hangnail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hapalonychia" title="Hapalonychia">Hapalonychia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook_nail" title="Hook nail">Hook nail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingrown_nail" title="Ingrown nail">Ingrown nail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_planus_of_the_nails" class="mw-redirect" title="Lichen planus of the nails">Lichen planus of the nails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longitudinal_erythronychia" title="Longitudinal erythronychia">Longitudinal erythronychia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malalignment_of_the_nail_plate" title="Malalignment of the nail plate">Malalignment of the nail plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Median_nail_dystrophy" title="Median nail dystrophy">Median nail dystrophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mees%27_lines" title="Mees' lines">Mees' lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanonychia" title="Melanonychia">Melanonychia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muehrcke%27s_lines" class="mw-redirect" title="Muehrcke's lines">Muehrcke's lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nail%E2%80%93patella_syndrome" title="Nail–patella syndrome">Nail–patella syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychoatrophy" title="Onychoatrophy">Onychoatrophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onycholysis" title="Onycholysis">Onycholysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychomadesis" title="Onychomadesis">Onychomadesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychomatricoma" title="Onychomatricoma">Onychomatricoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychomycosis" title="Onychomycosis">Onychomycosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychophosis" title="Onychophosis">Onychophosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychoptosis_defluvium" class="mw-redirect" title="Onychoptosis defluvium">Onychoptosis defluvium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychorrhexis" title="Onychorrhexis">Onychorrhexis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onychoschizia" title="Onychoschizia">Onychoschizia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platonychia" title="Platonychia">Platonychia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pincer_nail" title="Pincer nail">Pincer nails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plummer%27s_nail" class="mw-redirect" title="Plummer's nail">Plummer's nail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psoriatic_nails" class="mw-redirect" title="Psoriatic nails">Psoriatic nails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pterygium_inversum_unguis" title="Pterygium inversum unguis">Pterygium inversum unguis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pterygium_unguis" title="Pterygium unguis">Pterygium unguis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purpura_of_the_nail_bed" class="mw-redirect" title="Purpura of the nail bed">Purpura of the nail bed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racquet_nail" title="Racquet nail">Racquet nail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_lunulae" title="Red lunulae">Red lunulae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_nail_syndrome" title="Shell nail syndrome">Shell nail syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splinter_hemorrhage" title="Splinter hemorrhage">Splinter hemorrhage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotted_lunulae" title="Spotted lunulae">Spotted lunulae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staining_of_the_nail_plate" title="Staining of the nail plate">Staining of the nail plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subungual_hematoma" title="Subungual hematoma">Subungual hematoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry%27s_nails" title="Terry's nails">Terry's nails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-nail_dystrophy" class="mw-redirect" title="Twenty-nail dystrophy">Twenty-nail dystrophy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hair_disease" title="Hair disease">Hair</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hair_loss" title="Hair loss">Hair loss</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Baldness" class="mw-redirect" title="Baldness">Baldness</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Noncicatricial_alopecia" class="mw-redirect" title="Noncicatricial alopecia">noncicatricial alopecia</a>:</i> <a href="/wiki/Hair_loss" title="Hair loss">Alopecia</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">areata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alopecia_totalis" title="Alopecia totalis">totalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alopecia_universalis" title="Alopecia universalis">universalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ophiasis" title="Ophiasis">Ophiasis</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Androgenic_alopecia" class="mw-redirect" title="Androgenic alopecia">Androgenic alopecia</a> (male-pattern baldness)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypotrichosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypotrichosis">Hypotrichosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telogen_effluvium" title="Telogen effluvium">Telogen effluvium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traction_alopecia" title="Traction alopecia">Traction alopecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_planopilaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Lichen planopilaris">Lichen planopilaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichorrhexis_nodosa" title="Trichorrhexis nodosa">Trichorrhexis nodosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alopecia_neoplastica" title="Alopecia neoplastica">Alopecia neoplastica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anagen_effluvium" title="Anagen effluvium">Anagen effluvium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alopecia_mucinosa" title="Alopecia mucinosa">Alopecia mucinosa</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cicatricial_alopecia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cicatricial alopecia">cicatricial alopecia</a>:</i> <a href="/wiki/Pseudopelade_of_Brocq" title="Pseudopelade of Brocq">Pseudopelade of Brocq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_centrifugal_cicatricial_alopecia" title="Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia">Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressure_alopecia" title="Pressure alopecia">Pressure alopecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traumatic_alopecia" title="Traumatic alopecia">Traumatic alopecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumor_alopecia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tumor alopecia">Tumor alopecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_comb_alopecia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot comb alopecia">Hot comb alopecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissecting_cellulitis_of_the_scalp" title="Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp">Dissecting cellulitis of the scalp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham-Little_syndrome" title="Graham-Little syndrome">Graham-Little syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folliculitis_decalvans" title="Folliculitis decalvans">Folliculitis decalvans</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>ungrouped:</i> <a href="/wiki/Triangular_alopecia" title="Triangular alopecia">Triangular alopecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontal_fibrosing_alopecia" title="Frontal fibrosing alopecia">Frontal fibrosing alopecia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Unna_hereditary_hypotrichosis" title="Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis">Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hypertrichosis" title="Hypertrichosis">Hypertrichosis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hirsutism" title="Hirsutism">Hirsutism</a></li> <li>Acquired <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Localized_acquired_hypertrichosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Localized acquired hypertrichosis">localised</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acquired_generalized_hypertrichosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Acquired generalized hypertrichosis">generalised</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patterned_acquired_hypertrichosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Patterned acquired hypertrichosis">patterned</a></li></ul></li> <li>Congenital <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Generalized_congenital_hypertrichosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Generalized congenital hypertrichosis">generalised</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Localized_congenital_hypertrichosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Localized congenital hypertrichosis">localised</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-linked_hypertrichosis" title="X-linked hypertrichosis">X-linked</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prepubertal_hypertrichosis" title="Prepubertal hypertrichosis">Prepubertal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevoid_hypertrichosis" title="Nevoid hypertrichosis">Nevoid hypertrichosis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Acneiform_eruption" title="Acneiform eruption">Acneiform<br />eruption</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Acneiform_eruption" title="Acneiform eruption">Acne</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acne_vulgaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Acne vulgaris">Acne vulgaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_conglobata" title="Acne conglobata">Acne conglobata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_miliaris_necrotica" title="Acne miliaris necrotica">Acne miliaris necrotica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_acne" title="Tropical acne">Tropical acne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infantile_acne" title="Infantile acne">Infantile acne</a>/<a href="/wiki/Neonatal_acne" title="Neonatal acne">Neonatal acne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excoriated_acne" title="Excoriated acne">Excoriated acne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_fulminans" title="Acne fulminans">Acne fulminans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_medicamentosa" title="Acne medicamentosa">Acne medicamentosa</a> (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Steroid_acne" title="Steroid acne">steroid acne</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halogen_acne" title="Halogen acne">Halogen acne</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iododerma" title="Iododerma">Iododerma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bromoderma" title="Bromoderma">Bromoderma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chloracne" title="Chloracne">Chloracne</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_acne" title="Oil acne">Oil acne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tar_acne" title="Tar acne">Tar acne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_cosmetica" title="Acne cosmetica">Acne cosmetica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupational_acne" title="Occupational acne">Occupational acne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_aestivalis" title="Acne aestivalis">Acne aestivalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_keloidalis_nuchae" title="Acne keloidalis nuchae">Acne keloidalis nuchae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_mechanica" title="Acne mechanica">Acne mechanica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_with_facial_edema" title="Acne with facial edema">Acne with facial edema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomade_acne" title="Pomade acne">Pomade acne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acne_necrotica" title="Acne necrotica">Acne necrotica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackhead" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackhead">Blackhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lupus_miliaris_disseminatus_faciei" title="Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei">Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rosacea" title="Rosacea">Rosacea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perioral_dermatitis" title="Perioral dermatitis">Perioral dermatitis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Granulomatous_perioral_dermatitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Granulomatous perioral dermatitis">Granulomatous perioral dermatitis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phymatous_rosacea" class="mw-redirect" title="Phymatous rosacea">Phymatous rosacea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rhinophyma" title="Rhinophyma">Rhinophyma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blepharophyma" title="Blepharophyma">Blepharophyma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnathophyma" title="Gnathophyma">Gnathophyma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metophyma" title="Metophyma">Metophyma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otophyma" title="Otophyma">Otophyma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papulopustular_rosacea" class="mw-redirect" title="Papulopustular rosacea">Papulopustular rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lupoid_rosacea" class="mw-redirect" title="Lupoid rosacea">Lupoid rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythrotelangiectatic_rosacea" class="mw-redirect" title="Erythrotelangiectatic rosacea">Erythrotelangiectatic rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glandular_rosacea" class="mw-redirect" title="Glandular rosacea">Glandular rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gram-negative_rosacea" title="Gram-negative rosacea">Gram-negative rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steroid_rosacea" title="Steroid rosacea">Steroid rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocular_rosacea" title="Ocular rosacea">Ocular rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persistent_edema_of_rosacea" title="Persistent edema of rosacea">Persistent edema of rosacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosacea_conglobata" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosacea conglobata">Rosacea conglobata</a></li> <li><i>variants</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Periorificial_dermatitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Periorificial dermatitis">Periorificial dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyoderma_faciale" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyoderma faciale">Pyoderma faciale</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ungrouped</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Granulomatous_facial_dermatitis" title="Granulomatous facial dermatitis">Granulomatous facial dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idiopathic_facial_aseptic_granuloma" title="Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma">Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periorbital_dermatitis" title="Periorbital dermatitis">Periorbital dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAPHO_syndrome" title="SAPHO syndrome">SAPHO syndrome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Follicular <a href="/wiki/Cyst" title="Cyst">cysts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Sebaceous_cyst" title="Sebaceous cyst">Sebaceous cyst</a>" <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epidermoid_cyst" title="Epidermoid cyst">Epidermoid cyst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichilemmal_cyst" title="Trichilemmal cyst">Trichilemmal cyst</a></li></ul></li> <li>Steatocystoma <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Steatocystoma_simplex" title="Steatocystoma simplex">simplex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steatocystoma_multiplex" title="Steatocystoma multiplex">multiplex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milium_(dermatology)" title="Milium (dermatology)">Milia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Inflammation" title="Inflammation">Inflammation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Folliculitis" title="Folliculitis">Folliculitis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Folliculitis_nares_perforans" class="mw-redirect" title="Folliculitis nares perforans">Folliculitis nares perforans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tufted_folliculitis" title="Tufted folliculitis">Tufted folliculitis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudofolliculitis_barbae" title="Pseudofolliculitis barbae">Pseudofolliculitis barbae</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hidradenitis" title="Hidradenitis">Hidradenitis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hidradenitis_suppurativa" title="Hidradenitis suppurativa">Hidradenitis suppurativa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recurrent_palmoplantar_hidradenitis" title="Recurrent palmoplantar hidradenitis">Recurrent palmoplantar hidradenitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutrophilic_eccrine_hidradenitis" title="Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis">Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ungrouped</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acrokeratosis_paraneoplastica_of_Bazex" class="mw-redirect" title="Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex">Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acroosteolysis" title="Acroosteolysis">Acroosteolysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bubble_hair_deformity" title="Bubble hair deformity">Bubble hair deformity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disseminate_and_recurrent_infundibulofolliculitis" title="Disseminate and recurrent infundibulofolliculitis">Disseminate and recurrent infundibulofolliculitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erosive_pustular_dermatosis_of_the_scalp" title="Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp">Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythromelanosis_follicularis_faciei_et_colli" title="Erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli">Erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_casts" title="Hair casts">Hair casts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_follicle_nevus" title="Hair follicle nevus">Hair follicle nevus</a></li> <li>Intermittent hair–follicle dystrophy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keratosis_pilaris_atropicans" class="mw-redirect" title="Keratosis pilaris atropicans">Keratosis pilaris atropicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinking_hair" title="Kinking hair">Kinking hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koenen%27s_tumor" title="Koenen's tumor">Koenen's tumor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_planopilaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Lichen planopilaris">Lichen planopilaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_spinulosus" title="Lichen spinulosus">Lichen spinulosus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loose_anagen_syndrome" title="Loose anagen syndrome">Loose anagen syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menkes_kinky_hair_syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Menkes kinky hair syndrome">Menkes kinky hair syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monilethrix" title="Monilethrix">Monilethrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parakeratosis_pustulosa" title="Parakeratosis pustulosa">Parakeratosis pustulosa</a></li> <li>Pili (<a href="/wiki/Pili_annulati" title="Pili annulati">Pili annulati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pili_bifurcati" title="Pili bifurcati">Pili bifurcati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pili_multigemini" title="Pili multigemini">Pili multigemini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pili_pseudoannulati" class="mw-redirect" title="Pili pseudoannulati">Pili pseudoannulati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pili_torti" title="Pili torti">Pili torti</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pityriasis_amiantacea" title="Pityriasis amiantacea">Pityriasis amiantacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plica_neuropathica" title="Plica neuropathica">Plica neuropathica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poliosis" title="Poliosis">Poliosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubinstein%E2%80%93Taybi_syndrome" title="Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome">Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setleis_syndrome" title="Setleis syndrome">Setleis syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traumatic_anserine_folliculosis" title="Traumatic anserine folliculosis">Traumatic anserine folliculosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichomegaly" title="Trichomegaly">Trichomegaly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichomycosis_axillaris" title="Trichomycosis axillaris">Trichomycosis axillaris</a></li> <li>Trichorrhexis (<a href="/wiki/Trichorrhexis_invaginata" title="Trichorrhexis invaginata">Trichorrhexis invaginata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichorrhexis_nodosa" title="Trichorrhexis nodosa">Trichorrhexis nodosa</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trichostasis_spinulosa" title="Trichostasis spinulosa">Trichostasis spinulosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncombable_hair_syndrome" title="Uncombable hair syndrome">Uncombable hair syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woolly_hair_nevus" title="Woolly hair nevus">Woolly hair nevus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sweat_gland_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Sweat gland disease">Sweat<br />glands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eccrine_sweat_gland" title="Eccrine sweat gland">Eccrine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miliaria" title="Miliaria">Miliaria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colloid_milium" class="mw-redirect" title="Colloid milium">Colloid milium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miliaria_crystalline" class="mw-redirect" title="Miliaria crystalline">Miliaria crystalline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miliaria_profunda" class="mw-redirect" title="Miliaria profunda">Miliaria profunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miliaria_pustulosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Miliaria pustulosa">Miliaria pustulosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miliaria_rubra" class="mw-redirect" title="Miliaria rubra">Miliaria rubra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occlusion_miliaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Occlusion miliaria">Occlusion miliaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmiliarial_hypohidrosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Postmiliarial hypohidrosis">Postmiliarial hypohidrosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granulosis_rubra_nasi" title="Granulosis rubra nasi">Granulosis rubra nasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross%27_syndrome" title="Ross' syndrome">Ross' syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperhidrosis" title="Hyperhidrosis">Hyperhidrosis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Generalized_hyperhidrosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Generalized hyperhidrosis">Generalized</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustatory_hyperhidrosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustatory hyperhidrosis">Gustatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmoplantar_hyperhidrosis" title="Palmoplantar hyperhidrosis">Palmoplantar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypohidrosis" title="Hypohidrosis">Hypohidrosis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anhidrosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Anhidrosis">Anhidrosis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apocrine" title="Apocrine">Apocrine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Body_odor" title="Body odor">Body odor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chromhidrosis" title="Chromhidrosis">Chromhidrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox%E2%80%93Fordyce_disease" title="Fox–Fordyce disease">Fox–Fordyce disease</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sebaceous_gland" title="Sebaceous gland">Sebaceous</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sebaceous_hyperplasia" title="Sebaceous hyperplasia">Sebaceous hyperplasia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 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