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<div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <p>The <b>Metonic cycle</b> or <b>enneadecaeteris</b> (from <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">ἐννεακαιδεκαετηρίς</span>, from ἐννεακαίδεκα, "nineteen") is a period of almost exactly 19 years after which the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lunar_phases?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunar phases">lunar phases</a> recur at the same time of the year. The recurrence is not perfect, and by precise observation the Metonic cycle defined as 235 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Synodic_month?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Synodic month">synodic months</a> is just 2 hours, 4 minutes and 58 seconds longer than 19 <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tropical_year?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tropical year">tropical years</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Meton_of_Athens?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Meton of Athens">Meton of Athens</a>, in the 5th century BC, judged the cycle to be a whole number of days, 6,940.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Using these whole numbers facilitates the construction of a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lunisolar_calendar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lunisolar calendar">lunisolar calendar</a>.</p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:CLM_14456_70v71r.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/CLM_14456_70v71r.jpg/320px-CLM_14456_70v71r.jpg" decoding="async" width="320" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/CLM_14456_70v71r.jpg/480px-CLM_14456_70v71r.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/CLM_14456_70v71r.jpg/640px-CLM_14456_70v71r.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1546"></a> <figcaption> Depiction of the 19 years of the Metonic cycle as a wheel, with the Julian date of the Easter New Moon, from a 9th-century computistic manuscript made in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/St._Emmeram%27s_Abbey?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Emmeram's Abbey">St. Emmeram's Abbey</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Codex_latinus_monacensis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Codex latinus monacensis">Clm</a> 14456, fol. 71r) </figcaption> </figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Christmas_full_moons_1711-2300.gif?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Christmas_full_moons_1711-2300.gif/220px-Christmas_full_moons_1711-2300.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Christmas_full_moons_1711-2300.gif/330px-Christmas_full_moons_1711-2300.gif 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Christmas_full_moons_1711-2300.gif/440px-Christmas_full_moons_1711-2300.gif 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="459"></a> <figcaption> For example, by the 19-year Metonic cycle, the full moon repeats on or near <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Christmas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Christmas">Christmas</a> between 1711 and 2300.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A small horizontal <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Libration?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Libration">libration</a> is visible comparing their appearances. A red color shows full moons that are also <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lunar_eclipse?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lunar eclipse">lunar eclipses</a>. </figcaption> </figure> <p>A tropical year (about 365.24 days) is longer than 12 lunar months (about 354.36 days) and shorter than 13 of them (about 383.90 days). In a <b>Metonic calendar</b> (a type of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lunisolar_calendar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lunisolar calendar">lunisolar calendar</a>), there are twelve years of 12 lunar months and seven years of 13 lunar months.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Application_in_traditional_calendars"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Application in traditional calendars</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Hebrew_calendar"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Hebrew calendar</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Polynesia"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Polynesia</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Tidal_Epoch"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Tidal Epoch</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Mathematical_basis"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Mathematical basis</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#References"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Application_in_traditional_calendars">Application in traditional calendars</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Metonic_cycle&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Application in traditional calendars" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>In the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Babylonian_calendar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Babylonian calendar">Babylonian</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hebrew_calendar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lunisolar_calendar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lunisolar calendar">lunisolar calendars</a>, the years 3, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, and 19 are the long (13-month) years of the Metonic cycle. This cycle forms the basis of the Greek and Hebrew calendars. A 19-year cycle is used for the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Computus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Computus">computation of the date of Easter</a> each year.</p> <p>The Babylonians applied the 19-year cycle from the late sixth century BC.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>According to <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Livy?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Livy">Livy</a>, the second king of Rome, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Numa_Pompilius?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Numa Pompilius">Numa Pompilius</a> (reigned 715–673 BC), inserted <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Intercalation_(timekeeping)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Intercalation (timekeeping)">intercalary</a> months in such a way that "in the twentieth year the days should fall in with the same position of the sun from which they had started".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As "the twentieth year" takes place nineteen years after "the first year", this seems to indicate that the Metonic cycle was applied to Numa's calendar.</p> <p><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a> reports that <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Apollo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> is said to have visited the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hyperborea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hyperborea">Hyperboreans</a> once every 19 years.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>The Metonic cycle has been implemented in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Antikythera_mechanism?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Antikythera mechanism">Antikythera mechanism</a> which offers unexpected evidence for the popularity of the calendar based on it.<sup id="cite_ref-freeth-08_7-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-freeth-08-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>The (19-year) Metonic cycle is a <b>lunisolar</b> cycle, as is the (76-year) <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Callippic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Callippic cycle">Callippic cycle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENothaft2012168_8-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTENothaft2012168-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An important example of an application of the Metonic cycle in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Julian_calendar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a> is the 19-year <b>lunar</b> cycle insofar as provided with a Metonic structure.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthyBreen200317_9-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthyBreen200317-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the following century, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Callippus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Callippus">Callippus</a> developed the Callippic cycle of four 19-year periods for a 76-year cycle with a mean year of exactly 365.25 days.</p> <p>Around AD 260 the Alexandrian <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Computus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Computus">computist</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Anatolius_of_Laodicea?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Anatolius of Laodicea">Anatolius</a>, who became bishop of Laodicea in AD 268, was the first to devise a method for determining the date of Easter Sunday.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeclercq200065–66_10-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeclercq200065%E2%80%9366-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it was some later, somewhat different, version of the Metonic 19-year lunar cycle which, as the basic structure of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dionysius_Exiguus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dionysius Exiguus">Dionysius Exiguus</a>' and also of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bede?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bede">Bede</a>'s Easter table, would ultimately prevail throughout <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Christendom?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Christendom">Christendom</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeclercq200066_11-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeclercq200066-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at least until in the year 1582, when the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gregorian_calendar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a> was introduced.</p> <p>The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Coligny_calendar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Coligny calendar">Coligny calendar</a> is a Celtic lunisolar calendar using the Metonic cycle. The bronze plaque on which it was found dates from c. AD 200, but the internal evidence points to the calendar itself being several centuries older, created in the Iron Age.</p> <p>The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Runic_calendar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Runic calendar">Runic calendar</a> is a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perpetual_calendar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Perpetual calendar">perpetual calendar</a> based on the 19-year-long Metonic cycle. It is also known as a Rune staff or Runic Almanac. This calendar does not rely on knowledge of the duration of the tropical year or of the occurrence of leap years. It is set at the beginning of each year by observing the first full moon after the winter solstice. The oldest one known, and the only one from the Middle Ages, is the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Nyk%C3%B6ping_staff&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Nyköping staff (page does not exist)">Nyköping staff</a>, which is believed to date from the 13th century.</p> <p>The <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%27%C3%AD_calendar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahá'í calendar">Bahá'í calendar</a>, established during the middle of the 19th century, is also based on cycles of 19 solar years.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Hebrew_calendar">Hebrew calendar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Metonic_cycle&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Hebrew calendar" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>A <b>Small Maḥzor</b> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hebrew_language?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a> מחזור, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="he-Latn-fonipa"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:IPA/Hebrew?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:IPA/Hebrew">[maχˈzor]</a></span>, meaning "cycle") is a 19-year cycle in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lunisolar_calendar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lunisolar calendar">lunisolar calendar</a> system used by the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jewish_people?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish people">Jewish people</a>. It is similar to, but slightly different in usage from, the Greek Metonic cycle (being based on a month of <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac">29<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">13753</span>⁄<span class="den">25920</span></span> days, giving a cycle of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac">6939<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3575</span>⁄<span class="den">5184</span></span> ≈ 6939.69 days<sup id="cite_ref-Tondering_12-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Tondering-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), and likely derived from or alongside the much earlier <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Babylonian_calendar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Babylonian calendar">Babylonian</a> calendar.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Polynesia">Polynesia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Metonic_cycle&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Polynesia" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>It is possible that the Polynesian kilo-hoku (astronomers) discovered the Metonic cycle in the same way Meton had, by trying to make the month fit the year.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohnson2001238_14-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohnson2001238-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Tidal_Epoch">Tidal Epoch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Metonic_cycle&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Tidal Epoch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Sea level calculations also depend on the Metonic cycle.</p> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/publications/Understanding_Sea_Level_Change.pdf">https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/publications/Understanding_Sea_Level_Change.pdf</a></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Mathematical_basis">Mathematical basis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Metonic_cycle&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Mathematical basis" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>The Metonic cycle is the most accurate cycle of time (in a timespan of less than 100 years) for synchronizing the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tropical_year?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tropical year">tropical year</a> and the lunar month (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Synodic_month?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Synodic month">synodic month</a>), when the method of synchronizing is the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Intercalation_(timekeeping)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Intercalation (timekeeping)">intercalation</a> of a thirteenth lunar month in a calendar year from time to time.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERichards199894–96_15-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTERichards199894%E2%80%9396-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The traditional lunar year of 12 synodic months is about 354 days, approximately eleven days short of the solar year. Thus, every 2 to 3 years there is a discrepancy of 22 to 33 days, or a full synodic month. For example, if the winter solstice and the new moon coincide, it takes 19 tropical years for the coincidence to recur. The mathematical logic is this:</p> <ul> <li>A tropical year lasts 365.2422 days.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEglossary2022s.v._year,_tropical_16-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTEglossary2022s.v._year,_tropical-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <dl> <dd> a span of 19 tropical years (365.2422 × 19) lasts 6,939.602 days </dd> </dl></li> </ul> <p>That duration is almost the same as 235 synodic months:</p> <ul> <li>A synodic month lasts 29.53059 days.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERichards2013587_17-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-FOOTNOTERichards2013587-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <dl> <dd> a span of 235 synodic months (29.53059 × 235) lasts 6,939.689 days </dd> </dl></li> </ul> <p>Thus the algorithm is correct to 0.087 days (2 hours, 5 minutes and 16 seconds).</p> <p>For a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lunisolar_calendar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lunisolar calendar">lunisolar calendar</a> to 'catch up' to this discrepancy and thus maintain seasonal consistency, seven <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Intercalation_(timekeeping)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Intercalation (timekeeping)">intercalary months</a> are added (one at a time), at intervals of every 2–3 years during the course of 19 solar years. Thus twelve of those years have 12 lunar months and seven have 13 months.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Metonic_cycle&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Octaeteris?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Octaeteris">Octaeteris</a> (8-year cycle of antiquity)</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Callippic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Callippic cycle">Callippic cycle</a> (76-year cycle from 330 BC)</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hipparchic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hipparchic cycle">Hipparchic cycle</a> (304-year cycle from 2nd century BC)</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saros_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Saros cycle">Saros cycle</a> of eclipses</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Attic_calendar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Attic calendar">Attic</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Byzantine_calendar?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine calendar</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Julian_day?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Julian day">Julian day</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Date_of_Easter?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Date of Easter">Date of Easter</a> ("the Computus")</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Metonic_cycle&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/rare-full-moon-on-christmas-day">"Rare Full Moon on Christmas Day"</a>. <i>NASA</i>. 17 December 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20231108031712/https://www.nasa.gov/solar-system/rare-full-moon-on-christmas-day/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NASA&rft.atitle=Rare+Full+Moon+on+Christmas+Day&rft.date=2015-12-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Ffeature%2Fgoddard%2Frare-full-moon-on-christmas-day&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetonic+cycle" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkilling2015" class="citation news cs1">Skilling, Tom (20 December 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/weather/ct-wea-1221-asktom-20151220-column.html">"Ask Tom: How unusual is a full moon on Christmas Day?"</a>. <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chicago_Tribune?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222054149/http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/weather/ct-wea-1221-asktom-20151220-column.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 December 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Ask+Tom%3A+How+unusual+is+a+full+moon+on+Christmas+Day%3F&rft.date=2015-12-20&rft.aulast=Skilling&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2Fnews%2Fweather%2Fct-wea-1221-asktom-20151220-column.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetonic+cycle" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><sup>needs citation</sup></span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://webspace.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/babylon/babycal.htm">"The Babylonian Calendar"</a>. <i>Mathematical Institute</i>. Utrecht University. July 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20230902103953/https://webspace.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/babylon/babycal.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mathematical+Institute&rft.atitle=The+Babylonian+Calendar&rft.date=2021-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwebspace.science.uu.nl%2F~gent0113%2Fbabylon%2Fbabycal.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetonic+cycle" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Livy, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ab_Urbe_Condita?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Ab Urbe Condita">Ab Urbe Condita</a>, I, XIX, 6.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Diodorus Siculus, <i>Bibl. Hist.</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/diodorusofsicily02dioduoft/page/40/mode/2up">II.47</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-freeth-08-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-freeth-08_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreethJonesSteeleBitsakis2008" class="citation journal cs1">Freeth, Tony; Jones, Alexander; Steele, John M.; Bitsakis, Yanis (31 July 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.antikythera-mechanism.gr/system/files/Antikythera_Nature2008_submitted.pdf">"Calendars with Olympiad display and eclipse prediction on the Antikythera Mechanism"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Nature</i>. <b>454</b> (7204): 614–7. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008Natur.454..614F">2008Natur.454..614F</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Doi_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://doi.org/10.1038%252Fnature07130">10.1038/nature07130</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18668103">18668103</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:4400693">4400693</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Calendars+with+Olympiad+display+and+eclipse+prediction+on+the+Antikythera+Mechanism&rft.volume=454&rft.issue=7204&rft.pages=614-7&rft.date=2008-07-31&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature07130&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A4400693%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18668103&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2008Natur.454..614F&rft.aulast=Freeth&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft.au=Jones%2C+Alexander&rft.au=Steele%2C+John+M.&rft.au=Bitsakis%2C+Yanis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.antikythera-mechanism.gr%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2FAntikythera_Nature2008_submitted.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetonic+cycle" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENothaft2012168-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENothaft2012168_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFNothaft2012">Nothaft 2012</a>, p. 168.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCarthyBreen200317-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCarthyBreen200317_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFMcCarthyBreen2003">McCarthy & Breen 2003</a>, p. 17.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeclercq200065–66-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeclercq200065%E2%80%9366_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFDeclercq2000">Declercq 2000</a>, pp. 65–66.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeclercq200066-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeclercq200066_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFDeclercq2000">Declercq 2000</a>, p. 66.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-Tondering-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Tondering_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The month is 29.5 days and 793 "parts", where a part is 1/18 of a minute. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTønderingTøndering" class="citation web cs1">Tøndering, Trine; Tøndering, Claus. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.tondering.dk/claus/cal/hebrew.php%23newmoon">"Calendar FAQ: the Hebrew calendar: New moon"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Calendar+FAQ%3A+the+Hebrew+calendar%3A+New+moon&rft.aulast=T%C3%B8ndering&rft.aufirst=Trine&rft.au=T%C3%B8ndering%2C+Claus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tondering.dk%2Fclaus%2Fcal%2Fhebrew.php%23newmoon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetonic+cycle" class="Z3988"></span> This comes to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac">29<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">13753</span>⁄<span class="den">25920</span></span> days. Multiplying this by 235 gives the length of the cycle.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Jewish-religious-year">"Jewish religious year | Cycle, Holidays, & Facts | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=Jewish+religious+year+%7C+Cycle%2C+Holidays%2C+%26+Facts+%7C+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FJewish-religious-year&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetonic+cycle" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJohnson2001238-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJohnson2001238_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFJohnson2001">Johnson 2001</a>, p. 238.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERichards199894–96-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERichards199894%E2%80%9396_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFRichards1998">Richards (1998)</a>, pp. 94–96.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEglossary2022s.v._year,_tropical-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEglossary2022s.v._year,_tropical_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFglossary2022">glossary (2022)</a>, s.v. year, tropical.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERichards2013587-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERichards2013587_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Metonic_cycle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#CITEREFRichards2013">Richards (2013)</a>, p. 587.</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Metonic_cycle&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <ul> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeclercq2000" class="citation book cs1">Declercq, Georges (2000). <i>Anno Domini: The Origins of the Christian Era</i>. Turnhout. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782503510507?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/9782503510507"><bdi>9782503510507</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anno+Domini%3A+The+Origins+of+the+Christian+Era&rft.pub=Turnhout&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9782503510507&rft.aulast=Declercq&rft.aufirst=Georges&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetonic+cycle" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFglossary2022" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021173505/http://asa.hmnao.com/SecM/Glossary.html">"Glossary"</a>. <i>The Astronomical Almanac Online!</i>. Washington, DC: United States Naval Observatory. 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://asa.hmnao.com/SecM/Glossary.html">the original</a> on 21 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Astronomical+Almanac+Online%21&rft.atitle=Glossary&rft.date=2022&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fasa.hmnao.com%2FSecM%2FGlossary.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetonic+cycle" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHannah2005" class="citation book cs1">Hannah, Robert (2005). <i>Greek & Roman Calendars: Construction of Time in the Classical World</i>. London: Duckworth.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Greek+%26+Roman+Calendars%3A+Construction+of+Time+in+the+Classical+World&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Duckworth&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Hannah&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetonic+cycle" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2001" class="citation book cs1">Johnson, Rubellite Kawena (2001). <i>Essays in Hawaiian Literature Part 1 Origin Myths and Migration traditions</i>. author.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Essays+in+Hawaiian+Literature+Part+1+Origin+Myths+and+Migration+traditions&rft.pub=author&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Rubellite+Kawena&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetonic+cycle" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCarthyBreen2003" class="citation book cs1">McCarthy, Daniel P.; Breen, Aidan (2003). <i>The ante-Nicene Christian Pasch | </i>De ratione paschali:<i> The Paschal tract of Anatolius, bishop of Laodicea</i>. Dublin: Four Courts Press. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781851826971?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/9781851826971"><bdi>9781851826971</bdi></a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/367715096">367715096</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+ante-Nicene+Christian+Pasch+%7C+De+ratione+paschali%3A+The+Paschal+tract+of+Anatolius%2C+bishop+of+Laodicea&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pub=Four+Courts+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F367715096&rft.isbn=9781851826971&rft.aulast=McCarthy&rft.aufirst=Daniel+P.&rft.au=Breen%2C+Aidan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetonic+cycle" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNothaft2012" class="citation book cs1">Nothaft, C Philipp E. (2012). <i>Dating the Passion: The Life of Jesus and the Emergence of Scientific Chronology (200–1600</i>. Leiden: BRILL. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004212190?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/9789004212190"><bdi>9789004212190</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dating+the+Passion%3A+The+Life+of+Jesus+and+the+Emergence+of+Scientific+Chronology+%28200%26ndash%3B1600&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9789004212190&rft.aulast=Nothaft&rft.aufirst=C+Philipp+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetonic+cycle" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichards1998" class="citation book cs1">Richards, E. G. (1998). <i>Mapping Time: The Calendar and its History</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0192862051?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-0192862051"><bdi>978-0192862051</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mapping+Time%3A+The+Calendar+and+its+History&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0192862051&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.aufirst=E.+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetonic+cycle" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichards2013" class="citation book cs1">Richards, E. G. (2013). "Calendars". In Urban, Sean E.; Seidelmann, P. Kenneth (eds.). <i>Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical Almanac</i> (3rd ed.). Mill Valley, CA: University Science Books. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-891389-85-6?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-891389-85-6"><bdi>978-1-891389-85-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Calendars&rft.btitle=Explanatory+Supplement+to+the+Astronomical+Almanac&rft.place=Mill+Valley%2C+CA&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=University+Science+Books&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-891389-85-6&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.aufirst=E.+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetonic+cycle" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatkins1954" class="citation book cs1">Watkins, Harold (1954). <i>Time Counts: The Story of the Calendars</i>. New York: Philosophical Library.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Time+Counts%3A+The+Story+of+the+Calendars&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Philosophical+Library&rft.date=1954&rft.aulast=Watkins&rft.aufirst=Harold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMetonic+cycle" class="Z3988"></span></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Metonic_cycle&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon 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title="Метонаў цыкл – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Метонаў цыкл" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%2587%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD_%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D1%258A%25D0%25BB" title="Метоничен цикъл – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Метоничен цикъл" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicle_met%25C3%25B2nic" title="Cicle metònic – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cicle metònic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meton-Zyklus" title="Meton-Zyklus – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Meton-Zyklus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%25A3%25CE%25B5%25CE%25BB%25CE%25B7%25CE%25BD%25CE%25B9%25CE%25B1%25CE%25BA%25CF%258C%25CF%2582_%25CE%25BA%25CF%258D%25CE%25BA%25CE%25BB%25CE%25BF%25CF%2582" title="Σεληνιακός κύκλος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σεληνιακός κύκλος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciclo_met%25C3%25B3nico" title="Ciclo metónico – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ciclo metónico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AF%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D9%2587_%25D9%2585%25D8%25AA%25D9%2588%25D9%2586%25DB%258C" title="دوره متونی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دوره متونی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycle_m%25C3%25A9tonique" title="Cycle métonique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cycle métonique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciclo_met%25C3%25B3nico" title="Ciclo metónico – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ciclo metónico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EB%25A9%2594%25ED%2586%25A4_%25EC%25A3%25BC%25EA%25B8%25B0" title="메톤 주기 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="메톤 주기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%2584%25D5%25A5%25D5%25BF%25D5%25B8%25D5%25B6%25D5%25AB_%25D6%2581%25D5%25AB%25D5%25AF%25D5%25AC" title="Մետոնի ցիկլ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մետոնի ցիկլ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okirikiri_Metonic" title="Okirikiri Metonic – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Okirikiri Metonic" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siklus_metonik" title="Siklus metonik – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Siklus metonik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciclo_metonico" title="Ciclo metonico – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ciclo metonico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%259E%25D7%2597%25D7%2596%25D7%2595%25D7%25A8_%25D7%259E%25D7%2598%25D7%2595%25D7%25A0%25D7%2599" title="מחזור מטוני – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מחזור מטוני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%259B%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A2%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25A1_%25E1%2583%25AA%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2599%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%2598" title="მეტონის ციკლი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მეტონის ციკლი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Met%25C3%25B3n-ciklus" title="Metón-ciklus – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Metón-ciklus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsingerin%2527_i_Met%25C3%25B4na" title="Tsingerin' i Metôna – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tsingerin' i Metôna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclus_van_Meton" title="Cyclus van Meton – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cyclus van Meton" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2583%25A1%25E3%2583%2588%25E3%2583%25B3%25E5%2591%25A8%25E6%259C%259F" title="メトン周期 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="メトン周期" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meton-syklus" title="Meton-syklus – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Meton-syklus" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meton-syklus" title="Meton-syklus – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Meton-syklus" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cykl_Metona" title="Cykl Metona – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cykl Metona" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciclo_met%25C3%25B3nico" title="Ciclo metónico – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ciclo metónico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2_%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BB" title="Метонов цикл – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Метонов цикл" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalendari_i_Metonit" title="Kalendari i Metonit – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kalendari i Metonit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonic_cycle" title="Metonic cycle – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Metonic cycle" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Met%25C3%25B3nov_cyklus" title="Metónov cyklus – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Metónov cyklus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonski_ciklus" title="Metonski ciklus – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Metonski ciklus" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonin_jakso" title="Metonin jakso – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Metonin jakso" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metons_cykel" title="Metons cykel – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Metons cykel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%258F%25E0%25B8%2588%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2581%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25A1%25E0%25B8%2595%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%2599" title="วัฏจักรเมตอน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วัฏจักรเมตอน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meton_d%25C3%25B6ng%25C3%25BCs%25C3%25BC" title="Meton döngüsü – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Meton döngüsü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259C%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D1%2596%25D0%25B2_%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BB" title="Метонів цикл – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Метонів цикл" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chu_k%25E1%25BB%25B3_Meton" title="Chu kỳ Meton – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chu kỳ Meton" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E9%25BB%2598%25E5%2586%25AC%25E7%25AB%25A0" title="默冬章 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="默冬章" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist 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