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name="s" id="s" class="form-control" placeholder="Search" /> <span class="input-group-btn"> <button class="btn btn-danger" type="submit">Search</button> </span> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div id="et-main-area"> <section id="block-views-blockheader-slider" class="block-views-page"> <div class="block-views-blockheader"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="fixed-element field field--name-field-paragraph"> <div class="view-row"> <div class="paragraph-view-type-banner flex"> <div class="bgr-image-header"> <img src="https://www.reactionbiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/ReactionBiology_BANNER_biophysics_BLUE_large_VERSION_2-7a_0.png" alt="Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)"> </div> <div class="container center"> <div class="field field--name-field-headline-big field--type-string field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item">Biophysical Assays</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div id="main-content"> <div id="block-proquinase-breadcrumbs" class="color-scheme-turquoise block block-system block-system-breadcrumb-block"> <div class="container"> <nav class="breadcrumb" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="system-breadcrumb"> <ol> <li><a href="https://www.reactionbiology.com">Home</a></li> <li>Services</li><li><a href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/services/biophysical-assays">Biophysical Assays</a></li> <li>Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR)</li> </ol> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="view-container view-simple-page-conent"> <div class="container"> <article id="post-3222" class="post-3222 page type-page status-publish hentry" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope=""> <div class="entry-content entry-content-servises "> <h1>Surface Plasmon Resonance Assay Services for Drug Discovery</h1> <div class="text-mit-bild-text"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__items"> <p>Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) is a highly sensitive technique for accurate analysis of the interactions of two biomolecules with respect to binding kinetics and affinity as well as binding specificity.</p> <p>To perform SPR assays, Reaction Biology is equipped with two state-of-the-art Biacore 8K and two 8K+ instruments with high-throughput compound screening capability and extraordinary detection sensitivity. We perform high-throughput fragment screening, kinetics and affinity determination, binding specificity profiling and antibody characterization, etc.</p> <p>Reaction Biology provides project-tailored solutions to assure the highest chance of success in biomolecular interaction research using SPR services by using a broad biophysics knowledge base and excellent instrument coverage.</p> <ul> <li>The SPR binding assay is suitable to advance any analyte including fragments, antibodies, peptides, nucleic acids against any target class including enzymes and non-active proteins</li> <li>SARS-CoV-2 S protein and ACE2 receptor binding assay is available here</li> <li>Deliverables: association rate constant kon, dissociation rate constant koff, binding affinity KD</li> </ul> <p>Our experts have extensive expertise in analyzing and resolving surface plasmon resonance challenges with ‘difficult to test’ proteins. The assay is carried out at Malvern, Pennsylvania, in the United States and performed on a first-come, first-serve basis.</p> </div> <div class="contact-buttons"> <div class="color-scheme-turquoise block block-block-content block-block-content9594f627-1f8b-4f13-b65e-979c19e399c0"> <a href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/contact/contact-us"> <div class="field field--name-field-icon field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.reactionbiology.com/wp-content/themes/Divi-child/images/icons-email.svg" alt="E-Mail" title="E-Mail" typeof="foaf:Image"> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-text field--type-string field--label-hidden field__items"> Contact an expert </div> </a> </div> <div class="color-scheme-turquoise block block-block-content block-block-contentc2ce2ae7-66e6-4f1b-87fb-ded5e6bcfb90"> <a class="newsletter-icon-box" href="#"> <div class="field field--name-field-icon field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.reactionbiology.com/wp-content/themes/Divi-child/images/icons-newsletter.svg" alt="Subscribe to Newsletter" title="Subscribe to Newsletter" typeof="foaf:Image"> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-text field--type-string field--label-hidden field__items"> Subscribe to our newsletter </div> </a> </div> <div class="color-scheme-turquoise block block-block-content block-block-content427638f8-6c52-46af-9064-2fe39ae6579d"> <a href="/#conferences"> <div class="field field--name-field-icon field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.reactionbiology.com/wp-content/themes/Divi-child/images/icons-meeting.svg" alt="Meet us at your next conference" title="Meet us at your next conference" typeof="foaf:Image"> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-text field--type-string field--label-hidden field__items"> Meet us at your next conference </div> </a> </div> <div class="color-scheme-turquoise block block-block-content block-block-contentff27f1d7-2f17-4dd2-ad72-3ef66b6982de"> <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#7c430f091e16191f0841355c0b1d12085c08135c0f141d0e195c0814150f5c2e191d1f081513125c3e151310131b055c101512175c0b1508145c0513095a1d110c471e131805411408080c0f4653530b0b0b520e191d1f081513121e151310131b05521f1311530f190e0a151f190f531e15130c14050f151f1d10511d0f0f1d050f530f090e1a1d1f19510c101d0f111312510e190f13121d121f19510f0c0e"> <div class="field field--name-field-icon field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.reactionbiology.com/wp-content/themes/Divi-child/images/icons-share.svg" alt="Share" title="Share" typeof="foaf:Image"> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-text field--type-string field--label-hidden field__items"> Share </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div id="_anchor" class="paragraph weiss black paragraph--type--paragraph-container paragraph--view-mode--default"><div id="ba-id" class="paragraph text-right images-1 headline-right contact-buttons- paragraph--type--text-with-image paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="container center"><div class="text-wrapper"><h3>SPR Binding Assay Principle</h3> <div class="text-mit-bild-text"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__items"> <p>SPR analysis is an optical method measuring changes in the mass of biomolecules immobilized on a metal film. Upon binding an analyte, the refractive index of the metal film changes, resulting in a changed reflection angle of light (the surface plasmon resonance phenomenon). SPR binding assays are widely used in drug discovery, from fragment screening through analyte ranking and in-depth kinetic characterization.</p> </div> </div> <div class="text-mit-bild-bild field field--name-field-images field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="text-mit-bild-bild-rahmen"> <div class="field__item"> <p><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="size-full wp-image-1415 alignleft" src="https://www.reactionbiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/SPR.png" alt="surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay principle light beam reflects on glass prism and shift in reflection angle is produced by molecules binding to the surface" width="800" height="478" /></p> <div class="caption">surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay principle light beam reflects on glass prism and shift in reflection angle is produced by molecules binding to the surface</div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div></div><div id="ba-id2" class="paragraph table-search excel-export paragraph--type--table-one paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="container center"><h2>List of Surface Plasmon Resonance Assays</h2> <div class="field field--name-field-table-one field--type-tablefield field--label-hidden field__item"> <div id="tablefield-wrapper-paragraph-2493-field_table_one-0" class="tablefield-wrapper"> <div id="tablefield-paragraph-2493-field_table_one-0_wrapper" class="dataTables_wrapper no-footer"> <table id="tablefield-paragraph-2493-field_table_one-0" class="tablefield dataTable no-footer dtr-inline" role="grid" data-striping="1" aria-describedby="tablefield-paragraph-2493-field_table_one-0_info"> <thead> <tr role="row"> <th class="row_0 col_0 all control sorting_asc" tabindex="0" colspan="1" rowspan="1" aria-controls="tablefield-paragraph-2493-field_table_one-0" aria-sort="ascending" aria-label="Target: activate to sort column descending">Target</th> <th class="row_0 col_1 min-fablet sorting" tabindex="0" colspan="1" rowspan="1" aria-controls="tablefield-paragraph-2493-field_table_one-0" aria-label="HGNC Symbol: activate to sort column ascending">HGNC Symbol</th> <th class="row_0 col_2 min-fablet sorting" tabindex="0" colspan="1" rowspan="1" aria-controls="tablefield-paragraph-2493-field_table_one-0" aria-label="Synonyms: activate to sort column ascending">Synonyms</th> <th class="row_0 col_3 min-tablet sorting" tabindex="0" colspan="1" rowspan="1" aria-controls="tablefield-paragraph-2493-field_table_one-0" aria-label="Data: activate to sort column ascending">Data</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr class="odd" role="row"> <td class="row_1 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">ACE2</td> <td class="row_1 col_1 min-fablet">ACE2</td> <td class="row_1 col_2 min-fablet">Angiotensin I converting enzyme 2</td> <td class="row_1 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/ace2_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="even" role="row"> <td class="row_2 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">B-cell lymphoma-2</td> <td class="row_2 col_1 min-fablet">BCL2</td> <td class="row_2 col_2 min-fablet">BCL-2</td> <td class="row_2 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/bcl-2_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="odd" role="row"> <td class="row_3 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">Bcl-2-like protein 1 isoform L</td> <td class="row_3 col_1 min-fablet">BCL2L1</td> <td class="row_3 col_2 min-fablet">BCL-XL</td> <td class="row_3 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/bcl_xl_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="even" role="row"> <td class="row_30 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">Bcl-2-like protein 2</td> <td class="row_30 col_1 min-fablet">BCL2L2</td> <td class="row_30 col_2 min-fablet">BCLW, KIAA0271</td> <td class="row_30 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/bcl-w_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="odd" role="row"> <td class="row_4 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">BRD2-1</td> <td class="row_4 col_1 min-fablet">BRD2</td> <td class="row_4 col_2 min-fablet">O27.1.1, Really interesting new gene 3 protein</td> <td class="row_4 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/brd2-1_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="even" role="row"> <td class="row_5 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">BRD2-2</td> <td class="row_5 col_1 min-fablet">BRD2</td> <td class="row_5 col_2 min-fablet">O27.1.1, Really interesting new gene 3 protein</td> <td class="row_5 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/brd2-2_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="odd" role="row"> <td class="row_6 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">BRD3-1</td> <td class="row_6 col_1 min-fablet">BRD3</td> <td class="row_6 col_2 min-fablet">RING3-like protein</td> <td class="row_6 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/brd3-1_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="even" role="row"> <td class="row_7 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">BRD3-2</td> <td class="row_7 col_1 min-fablet">BRD3</td> <td class="row_7 col_2 min-fablet">RING3-like protein</td> <td class="row_7 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/brd3-2_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="odd" role="row"> <td class="row_8 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">BRD4-1</td> <td class="row_8 col_1 min-fablet">BRD4</td> <td class="row_8 col_2 min-fablet">Bromodomain containing 4, domain 1</td> <td class="row_8 col_3 pdf min-tablet"><a class="pdf" href="/sites/default/files/Images/Content/Biophysical_Assay/BRD4-1.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="even" role="row"> <td class="row_9 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">BRD4-2</td> <td class="row_9 col_1 min-fablet">BRD4</td> <td class="row_9 col_2 min-fablet">Bromodomain containing 4, domain 2</td> <td class="row_9 col_3 pdf min-tablet"><a class="pdf" href="/sites/default/files/Images/Content/Biophysical_Assay/BRD4-2.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="odd" role="row"> <td class="row_10 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">BRDT-1</td> <td class="row_10 col_1 min-fablet">BRDT</td> <td class="row_10 col_2 min-fablet">Cancer/testis antigen 9, RING3-like protein</td> <td class="row_10 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/brdt-1_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="even" role="row"> <td class="row_11 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">Cereblon CULT Domain</td> <td class="row_11 col_1 min-fablet">CRBN</td> <td class="row_11 col_2 min-fablet">MRT2, MRT2A</td> <td class="row_11 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/cereblon_short_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="odd" role="row"> <td class="row_12 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">cGAS</td> <td class="row_12 col_1 min-fablet">CGAS</td> <td class="row_12 col_2 min-fablet">Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase, fragment</td> <td class="row_12 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/full_length_cgas_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="even" role="row"> <td class="row_13 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">cGAS (aa 157-522)</td> <td class="row_13 col_1 min-fablet">CGAS</td> <td class="row_13 col_2 min-fablet">Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase, fragment</td> <td class="row_13 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/truncated_cgas_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="odd" role="row"> <td class="row_14 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">CREB-binding protein</td> <td class="row_14 col_1 min-fablet">CREBBP</td> <td class="row_14 col_2 min-fablet">Histone lysine acetyltransferase CREBBP, Protein-lysine acetyltransferase CREBBP</td> <td class="row_14 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/crebbp_bromodomain_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="even" role="row"> <td class="row_15 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">EGFR: wildtype (aa 671-998)</td> <td class="row_15 col_1 min-fablet">EGFR</td> <td class="row_15 col_2 min-fablet">Epidermal growth factor receptor, Proto-oncogene c-ErbB-1, Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-1</td> <td class="row_15 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/wildtype_egfr_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="odd" role="row"> <td class="row_16 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">G9a</td> <td class="row_16 col_1 min-fablet">EHMT2</td> <td class="row_16 col_2 min-fablet">Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EHMT2, Euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2, HLA-B-associated transcript 8, Histone H3-K9 methyltransferase 3 (H3-K9-HMTase 3), Lysine N-methyltransferase 1C</td> <td class="row_16 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/g9a_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="even" role="row"> <td class="row_17 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">H-Ras</td> <td class="row_17 col_1 min-fablet">HRAS</td> <td class="row_17 col_2 min-fablet">HRAS, HRAS1</td> <td class="row_17 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/hras_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="odd" role="row"> <td class="row_18 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">Histone acetyltransferase p300</td> <td class="row_18 col_1 min-fablet">EP300</td> <td class="row_18 col_2 min-fablet">EP300, p300</td> <td class="row_18 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/ep300_bromodomain_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="even" role="row"> <td class="row_31 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SETD2</td> <td class="row_31 col_1 min-fablet">SETD2</td> <td class="row_31 col_2 min-fablet">SET2</td> <td class="row_31 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/setd2_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="odd" role="row"> <td class="row_19 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">K-Ras</td> <td class="row_19 col_1 min-fablet">KRAS</td> <td class="row_19 col_2 min-fablet">C-K-RAS, CFC2, K-RAS2A, K-RAS2B, K-RAS4A, K-RAS4B, KI-RAS, KRAS1, KRAS2, NS, NS3, RASK2</td> <td class="row_19 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/kras_spr_ras_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="even" role="row"> <td class="row_20 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1</td> <td class="row_20 col_1 min-fablet">MAPK1</td> <td class="row_20 col_2 min-fablet">MAPK1, ERT1, ERK2, MAPK 2</td> <td class="row_20 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/mapk1_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="odd" role="row"> <td class="row_21 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">N-Ras</td> <td class="row_21 col_1 min-fablet">NRAS</td> <td class="row_21 col_2 min-fablet">NRAS, NRAS1</td> <td class="row_21 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/nras_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="even" role="row"> <td class="row_22 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">NSD2-SET</td> <td class="row_22 col_1 min-fablet">NSD2</td> <td class="row_22 col_2 min-fablet">SET domain of NSD2</td> <td class="row_22 col_3 pdf min-tablet"><a class="pdf" href="/sites/default/files/Images/Content/Biophysical_Assay/NSD2-SET.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="odd" role="row"> <td class="row_29 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase</td> <td class="row_29 col_1 min-fablet">PARG</td> <td class="row_29 col_2 min-fablet">hPARG111</td> <td class="row_29 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/parg_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="even" role="row"> <td class="row_28 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">PRMT1</td> <td class="row_28 col_1 min-fablet">PRMT1</td> <td class="row_28 col_2 min-fablet">Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1</td> <td class="row_28 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/prmt1_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="odd" role="row"> <td class="row_23 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">PRMT5/MEP50</td> <td class="row_23 col_1 min-fablet">PRMT5/ WDR77 complex</td> <td class="row_23 col_2 min-fablet">Protein arginine methyltransferase 5, WD repeat domain 77</td> <td class="row_23 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/prmt5_mep50_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="even" role="row"> <td class="row_24 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">SARS-CoV-2 S protein – ACE2 interaction</td> <td class="row_24 col_1 min-fablet">n.a.</td> <td class="row_24 col_2 min-fablet">Spike glycoprotein, receptor binding domain; Angiotensin I converting enzyme 2</td> <td class="row_24 col_3 link min-tablet"><a class="link" href="/services/target-specific-assays/covid-19-related-assays/sars-cov-2-s-protein-and-ace2-binding-assay/">S protein webpage</a></td> </tr> <tr class="odd" role="row"> <td class="row_25 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">SHP2</td> <td class="row_25 col_1 min-fablet">PTPN11</td> <td class="row_25 col_2 min-fablet">Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 11, Protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1D (PTP-1D), Protein-tyrosine phosphatase 2C (PTP-2C), SH-PTP2, SH-PTP3</td> <td class="row_25 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/shp2_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="even" role="row"> <td class="row_26 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">SMARCA2b</td> <td class="row_26 col_1 min-fablet">SMARCA2</td> <td class="row_26 col_2 min-fablet">BAF190B, BRM, SNF2L2</td> <td class="row_26 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/smarca2b_bromodomain_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr class="odd" role="row"> <td class="row_27 col_0 all control sorting_1" tabindex="0">SOS1</td> <td class="row_27 col_1 min-fablet">SOS1</td> <td class="row_27 col_2 min-fablet">SOS Ras/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1, son of sevenless homolog 1</td> <td class="row_27 col_3 datasheet min-tablet"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/sos1_spr_ras_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'Cyclophilin A'}">Cyclophilin A</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'PPIA'}">PPIA</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'Peptidylprolyl isomerase A'}">Peptidylprolyl isomerase A</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'data sheet'}"><a class="datasheet" href="/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/Cyclophilin.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'GNMT '}">GNMT</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'GNMT'}">GNMT</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':' Glycine N-methyltransferase'}">Glycine N-methyltransferase</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'data sheet'}"><a class="datasheet" href="/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/GNMT-SPR.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'HNMT'}">HNMT</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'HNMT '}">HNMT</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'Histamine N-methyltransferase'}">Histamine N-methyltransferase</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'data sheet'}"><a class="datasheet" href="/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/HNMT-SPR.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'INMT '}">INMT</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'INMT '}">INMT</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'Indolethylamine N-methyltransferase'}">Indolethylamine N-methyltransferase</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'data sheet'}"><a class="datasheet" href="/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/INMT-SPR.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'NNMT '}">NNMT</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'NNMT '}">NNMT</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase'}">Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'data sheet'}"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/nnmt-spr-assay-service-2/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'PNMT '}">PNMT</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'PNMT '}">PNMT</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase'}">Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'data sheet'}"><a class="datasheet" href="/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/PNMT-SPR.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'TPMT '}">TPMT</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'TPMT '}">TPMT</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'Thiopurine S-methyltransferase'}">Thiopurine S-methyltransferase</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'data sheet'}"><a class="datasheet" href="/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/TPMT-SPR.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'VHL/EloB/EloC'}">VHL/EloB/EloC</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'VHL/ELOB/ELOC '}">VHL/ELOB/ELOC</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor/Elongin B/Elongin C'}">von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor/Elongin B/Elongin C</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'data sheet'}"><a class="datasheet" href="/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/VHL-SPR.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'FCGRT'}">FCGRT</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'FCGRT '}">FCGRT</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'Fc gamma receptor and transporter; FcgammaRn; FcRn'}">Fc gamma receptor and transporter; FcgammaRn; FcRn</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'data sheet'}"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/fcgrt-human_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'FCGR1A'}">FCGR1A</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'FCGR1A '}">FCGR1A</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'Fc gamma receptor Ia; CD64; CD64A; FcgammaRI; FcgammaRIa; FCG1; FCGR1'}">Fc gamma receptor Ia; CD64; CD64A; FcgammaRI; FcgammaRIa; FCG1; FCGR1</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'data sheet'}"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/fcgr1a-human_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'FCGR3A'}">FCGR3A</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'FCGR3A '}">FCGR3A</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'Fc gamma receptor IIIa; CD16; CD16a; FcgammaRIIIa; FcGRIII'}">Fc gamma receptor IIIa; CD16; CD16a; FcgammaRIIIa; FcGRIII</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'data sheet'}"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/fcgr3a-human_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'FCGR3B'}">FCGR3B</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'FCGR3B '}">FCGR3B</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'Fc gamma receptor IIIb; CD16; CD16b; FcgammaRIIIb; FcRIIIb'}">Fc gamma receptor IIIb; CD16; CD16b; FcgammaRIIIb; FcRIIIb</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'data sheet'}"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/fcgr3b-human_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'FCGR2B'}">FCGR2B</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'FCGR2B '}">FCGR2B</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'Fc gamma receptor Iib; CD32; CD32B; FcgammaRIIb; FcGRIIB'}">Fc gamma receptor Iib; CD32; CD32B; FcgammaRIIb; FcGRIIB</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'data sheet'}"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/fcgr2b-human_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'FCGR2A'}">FCGR2A</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'FCGR2A '}">FCGR2A</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'Fc gamma receptor IIa; CD32; CD32A; IGFR2; CDw32; Fc-gamma-RIIa; FcgammaRIIa'}">Fc gamma receptor IIa; CD32; CD32A; IGFR2; CDw32; Fc-gamma-RIIa; FcgammaRIIa</td> <td data-sheets-value="{'1':2,'2':'data sheet'}"><a class="datasheet overlay" href="https://www.reactionbiology.com/datasheet/fcgr2a-human_spr_malvern" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Data sheet</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div></div><div id="ba-id3" class="paragraph paragraph--type--tab-container paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="container center"><h2>Additional Information for SPR Binding Assays</h2> <div class="tab-container"><ul class="tab-navigation"><li class="tab-active" data-id="#tab-ba-id331">Kinetics analysis</li><li data-id="#tab-ba-id332">Example: Co-factor anaylsis</li><li data-id="#tab-ba-id333">Example: Binding affinity</li><li data-id="#tab-ba-id334">Screening Details</li><li data-id="#tab-ba-id335">Assay Development</li></ul><div class="field field--name-field-paragraph field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"><div id="tab-ba-id331" class="tab-content-active paragraph paragraph--type--tab-text-with-image paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__items">Kinetics analysis</div><div class="tab-content"><div class="tab-content-wrapper"><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__items"><p><img decoding="async" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1418" src="https://www.reactionbiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/200123_Mehdi_graph_SPR-01-1.png" alt="Surface plasmon resonance kinetic chart" width="334" /></p> <p><strong>Kinetic profile of an analyte-target binding reaction.</strong></p> <p>SPR detects changes in the refractive index at the surface of a sensor chip as a result of molecular mass changes of a target upon binding of the analyte. The target is immobilized to the surface of the sensor chip. During the association phase, the analyte flows over the surface, and binding to the target is monitored. The flow then switches to the running buffer, and the dissociation of the analyte from the target is monitored.</p> </div></div></div></div><div id="tab-ba-id332" class=" paragraph paragraph--type--tab-text-with-image paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__items">Example: Co-factor anaylsis</div><div class="tab-content"><div class="tab-content-wrapper"><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__items"><p><img decoding="async" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1418" src="https://www.reactionbiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/co-factor-analysis-SPR-plus-drug-name.png" alt="example of substrate or co-factor analysis with spr" width="690" /></p> <p><strong>Example of a co-factor analysis by SPR.</strong></p> <p>In this example study, we investigated a substrate competitive inhibitor that binds to its target enzyme, PRMT5/MEP50, only in the presence of SAM or SAM analogs such as MTA and SAH. No dose-dependent responses were observed for analyte binding to apoprotein (left figure). The binding to the MTA-bound target is relatively weak (KD~20µM) with fast kinetics (on/off). The binding affinity increased by ~10-fold for the SAH-bound target (KD~2µM). While the on-rates are similar for the MTA- and SAH-bound conditions, the off-rates are approximately 100X slower. The highest affinity (KD~3nM) and slowest off-rate (100x less than SAH-bound) was observed for analyte binding to the SAM-bound target. Single-cycle kinetics, that do not require a return to baseline in between doses, was used due to the slow off-rate observed for this condition. A slower off-rate indicates longer occupancy of the analyte on the target.<br /> The analyte was tested with 7 concentrations depicted in different colors.</p> </div></div></div></div><div id="tab-ba-id333" class=" paragraph paragraph--type--tab-text-with-image paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__items">Example: Binding affinity</div><div class="tab-content"><div class="tab-content-wrapper"><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__items"><p><img decoding="async" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1418" src="https://www.reactionbiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/BRD4_data.png" alt="surface plasmon resonance compound screening for binding affinity determination" width="690" /></p> <p><strong>Example of binding affinity determination of an inhibitor to two bromodomains.</strong></p> <p>The BD1 or BD2 domain of BRD4 were immobilized to the sensor chip surface. The analyte was applied to the chip surface in increasing concentrations approaching saturation.</p> <p>Right graph: The relative response at equilibrium for each dose was plotted against the analyte concentration to determine the equilibrium dissociation constant, KD. The analyte is 10-times more selective for BD2 than for BD1.</p> </div></div></div></div><div id="tab-ba-id334" class=" paragraph paragraph--type--tab-text-with-image paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__items">Screening Details</div><div class="tab-content"><div class="tab-content-wrapper"><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__items"><p><strong>Instruments:</strong> Reaction Biology is equipped with two state-of-the-art Biacore 8K units and one 8K+ unit allowing high-throughput screening with 8 channels (4600 compounds per day) with high sensitivity.</p> <p><strong>Turnaround time:</strong> We strive for a 2 week development time for assays with a new target for screening and 2 weeks for the screening with an established assay. Projects are performed on a first-come-first-serve basis.</p> <p><strong>Screening location:</strong> The assay is performed in Malvern, PA, USA.</p> <p><strong>Sample requirements:</strong> The target can be provided by the client, be one of our off-the-shelf proteins, or be custom-made to the requirements of the client and assay. A purity of 90% or more is recommended.<br /> Please see our <a style="text-decoration: underline!important;" href="/faq">FAQ</a> for shipping instructions.</p> </div></div></div></div><div id="tab-ba-id335" class=" paragraph paragraph--type--tab-text-with-image paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__items">Assay Development</div><div class="tab-content"><div class="tab-content-wrapper"><div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__items"><p><strong>Example Surface Plasmon Resonance workflow of a customized analyte-target binding study:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Sensor chip preparation: Attaching the target to the sensorchip</li> <li>Assay validation: Testing the behavior of the target on the sensor chip</li> <li>Assay reproducibility: Testing if the optimized conditions are reproducible</li> <li>Protein activity and stability on the sensor chip</li> <li>Analyte testing <ul style="list-style: circle;"> <li>The binding of the test analyte(s) is measured</li> <li>For kinetics/affinity determination either a 10 concentration multi-cycle or 5 concentration single-cycle measurement will be used (dependent upon the off-rates and regeneration conditions)</li> <li>For screening studies, a single concentration measurement can be used for analyte ranking</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="ba-id4" class="paragraph text-top-left images-0 contact-buttons- paragraph--type--text-with-image paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="container center"><h2>Application</h2> <div class="text-mit-bild-text"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__items"> <table> <thead> <tr> <th colspan="2"><strong>SPR – a versatile tool to address many challenges</strong></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Target is not an enzyme or unknown substrate</td> <td>SPR measures the direct binding between analyte and target which is why the target does not need to be an enzyme and no substrate is needed.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Co-factor/competition studies</td> <td>The impact of various co-factors on analyte-target interaction can be tested.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Fragment-based screening</td> <td>Low molecular mass fragment compounds (100–300 Da) tend to demonstrate low binding affinity; thus, the compounds require screening at a high concentration. This is better tolerated in the SPR platform than in many biochemical assays.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Antibody screening/<br /> characterization</td> <td>SPR can be used for antibody affinity determination, determination of kinetic parameters, epitope mapping, binding specificity, and cross-reactivity.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>SAR studies</td> <td>The kinetics of drug binding and unbinding, especially the residence time, play a crucial role in a drug’s in vivo efficacy. SPR can rank the kinetic selectivity of drug analogs for the selection of the best drug candidates.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>High-information content</td> <td>Combining kinetic information with affinity and potency data early in the drug discovery process ensures that promising compounds are not being discarded.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Elimination of promiscuous binders</td> <td>Promiscuous binders, which appear as false positives in biochemical inhibitor assays, can be identified by SPR when used as the secondary screening technology.</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Plasma protein binding</td> <td>SPR-based assays are sensitive high-throughout options to accurately measure plasma protein binding of analytes.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> </div> </div> </div></div><div id="ba-id5" class="paragraph paragraph--type--related-resources-container paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="container center"><h2>Related Resources</h2><div class="field--name-field-paragraph related-resources-reference-wrapper"><div class="paragraph--type--related-resource node--type-related-resource"><div class="related-resource-wrapper"><div class="field--name-field-image"><div class="field field--name-field-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"><img src="https://www.reactionbiology.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/ReactionBiology_SPR_Poster_0.png" alt="Probing PRMT5 inhibitors with distinct binding modes using surface plasmon resonance" title="Probing PRMT5 inhibitors with distinct binding modes using surface plasmon resonance" typeof="foaf:Image" class="image-style-large"></div></div><div class="related-resource-text"> <div class="field--name-field-resource-category"> Poster </div> <div class="field--name-field-title"> <span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden"> Probing PRMT5 inhibitors with distinct binding modes using surface plasmon resonance </span> </div> <div class="field--name-field-download"> <span 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