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aria-label="පුද්ගලික මෙවලම්"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_si.wikipedia.org&uselang=si" class=""><span>පරිත්‍යාග</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8_%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%A7&returnto=%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB+%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0+%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA" title="ඔබ ගිණුමක් තනා පිවිසෙන්නේ නම් මැනවි; කෙසේ වුවත්, එය අනිවාර්ය නොවේ." class=""><span>ගිණුමක් තනන්න</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%BA&returnto=%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB+%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0+%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA" title="අඩවියට පිවිසීමට ඔබව දිරිගැන්වේ. එහෙත් පිවිසීම අනිවාර්ය නොවේ. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>පිවිසෙන්න</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="පුද්ගලික මෙවලම්" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">පුද්ගලික මෙවලම්</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_si.wikipedia.org&uselang=si"><span>පරිත්‍යාග</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B8_%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%A7&returnto=%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB+%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0+%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA" title="ඔබ ගිණුමක් තනා පිවිසෙන්නේ නම් මැනවි; කෙසේ වුවත්, එය අනිවාර්ය නොවේ."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ගිණුමක් තනන්න</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%BA&returnto=%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB+%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0+%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA" title="අඩවියට පිවිසීමට ඔබව දිරිගැන්වේ. එහෙත් පිවිසීම අනිවාර්ය නොවේ. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>පිවිසෙන්න</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%94:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BA" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>දායකත්වයන්</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%82:%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%A0%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A1%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="මෙම අන්තර්ජාල ලිපිනයෙන් කර ඇති සංස්කරණයන් පිළිබඳ සාකච්ඡාව [n]" accesskey="n"><span>සාකච්ඡාව</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-භූ_විද්‍යාව_හා_දේශගුණය" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#භූ_විද්‍යාව_හා_දේශගුණය"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>භූ විද්‍යාව හා දේශගුණය</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-භූ_විද්‍යාව_හා_දේශගුණය-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-මහාද්වීප_හා_රටවල්_ලැයිස්තුව" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#මහාද්වීප_හා_රටවල්_ලැයිස්තුව"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>මහාද්වීප හා රටවල් ලැයිස්තුව</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-මහාද්වීප_හා_රටවල්_ලැයිස්තුව-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle මහාද්වීප හා රටවල් ලැයිස්තුව subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-මහාද්වීප_හා_රටවල්_ලැයිස්තුව-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-මහාද්වීප" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#මහාද්වීප"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>මහාද්වීප</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-මහාද්වීප-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ආශ්‍රිත" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ආශ්‍රිත"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>ආශ්‍රිත</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ආශ්‍රිත-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">උත්තර අර්ධ ගෝලය</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 109 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-109" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">109 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noordelike_Halfrond" title="Noordelike Halfrond – අෆ්‍රිකාන්ස්" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Noordelike Halfrond" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="අෆ්‍රිකාන්ස්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nor%C3%B0erne_healftrendel" title="Norðerne healftrendel – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Norðerne healftrendel" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A" title="نصف الأرض الشمالي – අරාබි" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نصف الأرض الشمالي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="අරාබි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A9%DC%AB%DC%AC%DC%90_%DC%93%DC%AA%DC%92%DC%9D%DC%9D%DC%AC%DC%90_%DC%95%DC%90%DC%AA%DC%A5%DC%90" title="ܩܫܬܐ ܓܪܒܝܝܬܐ ܕܐܪܥܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܩܫܬܐ ܓܪܒܝܝܬܐ ܕܐܪܥܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B5_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%AF_%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B6" title="نص شمالي د لأرض – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="نص شمالي د لأرض" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemisferiu_norte" title="Hemisferiu norte – ඇස්ටියුරියන්" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Hemisferiu norte" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="ඇස්ටියුරියන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eimal_yar%C4%B1mk%C3%BCr%C9%99si" title="Şimal yarımkürəsi – අසර්බයිජාන්" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şimal yarımkürəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="අසර්බයිජාන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A6%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87" title="قوزئی یاریم کوره – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قوزئی یاریم کوره" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amihanan_na_Emisperyo" title="Amihanan na Emisperyo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Amihanan na Emisperyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80%E2%80%99%D0%B5" title="Паўночнае паўшар’е – බෙලරුසියානු" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Паўночнае паўшар’е" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="බෙලරුසියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80%E2%80%99%D0%B5" title="Паўночнае паўшар’е – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Паўночнае паўшар’е" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Северно полукълбо – බල්ගේරියානු" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Северно полукълбо" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="බල්ගේරියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7" title="উত্তর গোলার্ধ – බෙංගාලි" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উত্তর গোলার্ধ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="බෙංගාලි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hantervoul_norzh" title="Hantervoul norzh – බ්‍රේටොන්" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Hantervoul norzh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="බ්‍රේටොන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjeverna_hemisfera" title="Sjeverna hemisfera – බොස්නියානු" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sjeverna hemisfera" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="බොස්නියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemisferi_nord" title="Hemisferi nord – කැටලන්" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hemisferi nord" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="කැටලන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemisferio_Norte" title="Hemisferio Norte – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Hemisferio Norte" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amihanang_Pikas" title="Amihanang Pikas – සෙබුඅනො" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Amihanang Pikas" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="සෙබුඅනො" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%95%DA%AF%DB%86%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1" title="نیوەگۆی باکوور – සොරානි කුර්දිෂ්" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="نیوەگۆی باکوور" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="සොරානි කුර්දිෂ්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severn%C3%AD_polokoule" title="Severní polokoule – චෙක්" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Severní polokoule" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="චෙක්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%D1%83%D1%80%C3%A7%C4%95%D1%80_%C3%A7%D1%83%D1%80%D1%87%C4%83%D0%BC%C4%83%D1%80%C4%95" title="Çурçĕр çурчăмăрĕ – චවේෂ්" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Çурçĕр çурчăмăрĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="චවේෂ්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemisffer_y_Gogledd" title="Hemisffer y Gogledd – වෙල්ෂ්" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Hemisffer y Gogledd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="වෙල්ෂ්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordlige_halvkugle" title="Nordlige halvkugle – ඩැනිශ්" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nordlige halvkugle" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ඩැනිශ්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordhalbkugel" title="Nordhalbkugel – ජර්මන්" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nordhalbkugel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ජර්මන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%AF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Βόρειο ημισφαίριο – ග්‍රීක" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βόρειο ημισφαίριο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ග්‍රීක" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere – ඉංග්‍රීසි" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Northern Hemisphere" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ඉංග්‍රීසි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norda_duonglobo" title="Norda duonglobo – එස්පැරන්ටෝ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Norda duonglobo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="එස්පැරන්ටෝ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemisferio_norte" title="Hemisferio norte – ස්පාඤ්ඤ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hemisferio norte" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ස්පාඤ්ඤ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B5hjapoolkera" title="Põhjapoolkera – එස්තෝනියානු" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Põhjapoolkera" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="එස්තෝනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipar_hemisferio" title="Ipar hemisferio – බාස්ක්" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ipar hemisferio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="බාස්ක්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%87_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C" title="نیم‌کره شمالی – පර්සියානු" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیم‌کره شمالی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="පර්සියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohjoinen_pallonpuolisko" title="Pohjoinen pallonpuolisko – ෆින්ලන්ත" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pohjoinen pallonpuolisko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ෆින්ලන්ත" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9misph%C3%A8re_nord" title="Hémisphère nord – ප්‍රංශ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hémisphère nord" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ප්‍රංශ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuurdhualewkuugel" title="Nuurdhualewkuugel – උතුරු ෆ්‍රිසියානු" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Nuurdhualewkuugel" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="උතුරු ෆ්‍රිසියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noardlik_healr%C3%BBn" title="Noardlik healrûn – බටහිර ෆ්‍රිසියානු" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Noardlik healrûn" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="බටහිර ෆ්‍රිසියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_leathsf%C3%A9ar_thuaidh" title="An leathsféar thuaidh – අයර්ලන්ත" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An leathsféar thuaidh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="අයර්ලන්ත" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemisferio_norte" title="Hemisferio norte – ගැලීසියානු" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Hemisferio norte" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ගැලීසියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pet-pan-khi%C3%B9" title="Pet-pan-khiù – හකා චයිනිස්" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Pet-pan-khiù" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="හකා චයිනිස්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%A6%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99" title="חצי הכדור הצפוני – හීබෲ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חצי הכדור הצפוני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="හීබෲ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7" title="उत्तरी गोलार्ध – හින්දි" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उत्तरी गोलार्ध" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="හින්දි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjeverna_polutka" title="Sjeverna polutka – කෝඒෂියානු" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sjeverna polutka" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="කෝඒෂියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89szaki_f%C3%A9lg%C3%B6mb" title="Északi félgömb – හන්ගේරියානු" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Északi félgömb" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="හන්ගේරියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A4" title="Հյուսիսային կիսագունդ – ආර්මේනියානු" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հյուսիսային կիսագունդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ආර්මේනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belahan_Bumi_utara" title="Belahan Bumi utara – ඉන්දුනීසියානු" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Belahan Bumi utara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ඉන්දුනීසියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akin-amianan_a_Hemisperio" title="Akin-amianan a Hemisperio – ඉලොකො" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Akin-amianan a Hemisperio" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ඉලොකො" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80" title="ГӀинбухен ахбур – ඉන්ගුෂ්" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="ГӀинбухен ахбур" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ඉන්ගුෂ්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nor%C3%B0urhvel" title="Norðurhvel – අයිස්ලන්ත" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Norðurhvel" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="අයිස්ලන්ත" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emisfero_boreale" title="Emisfero boreale – ඉතාලි" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Emisfero boreale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ඉතාලි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%8D%8A%E7%90%83" title="北半球 – ජපන්" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="北半球" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ජපන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A9%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D" title="ჩრდილოეთი ნახევარსფერო – ජෝර්ජියානු" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჩრდილოეთი ნახევარსფერო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ජෝර්ජියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D2%AF%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Солтүстік жарты шар – කසාඛ්" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Солтүстік жарты шар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="කසාඛ්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%89%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%B0_%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A7" title="ಉತ್ತರ ಗೋಲಾರ್ಧ – කණ්ණඩ" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಉತ್ತರ ಗೋಲಾರ್ಧ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="කණ්ණඩ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%81%EB%B0%98%EA%B5%AC" title="북반구 – කොරියානු" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="북반구" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="කොරියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B1" title="Шимал джарымтоб – කරන්චි-බාකර්" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Шимал джарымтоб" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="කරන්චි-බාකර්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%AEvkada_Bakur" title="Nîvkada Bakur – කුර්දි" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Nîvkada Bakur" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="කුර්දි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D2%AF%D0%BA_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Түндүк жарым шар – කිර්ගිස්" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Түндүк жарым шар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="කිර්ගිස්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemisphaerium_boreale" title="Hemisphaerium boreale – ලතින්" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hemisphaerium boreale" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ලතින්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordhallefkugel" title="Nordhallefkugel – ලක්සැම්බර්ග්" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Nordhallefkugel" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="ලක්සැම්බර්ග්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0iaur%C4%97s_pusrutulis" title="Šiaurės pusrutulis – ලිතුවේනියානු" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šiaurės pusrutulis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ලිතුවේනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zieme%C4%BCu_puslode" title="Ziemeļu puslode – ලැට්වියානු" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ziemeļu puslode" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ලැට්වියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7" title="उत्तरी गोलार्द्ध – මයිතිලි" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="उत्तरी गोलार्द्ध" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="මයිතිලි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D3%B1%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Йӱдвел полушарий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Йӱдвел полушарий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Северна полутопка – මැසිඩෝනියානු" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Северна полутопка" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="මැසිඩෝනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%82" title="ഉത്തരാർദ്ധഗോളം – මලයාලම්" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഉത്തരാർദ്ധഗോളം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="මලයාලම්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7" title="उत्तर गोलार्ध – මරාති" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="उत्तर गोलार्ध" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="මරාති" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemisfera_Utara" title="Hemisfera Utara – මැලේ" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hemisfera Utara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="මැලේ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%99%E1%80%B9%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B6%E1%80%B8%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="မြောက်ကမ္ဘာလုံးခြမ်း – බුරුම" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မြောက်ကမ္ဘာလုံးခြမ်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="බුරුම" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noordelik_halfroend" title="Noordelik halfroend – පහළ සැක්සන්" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Noordelik halfroend" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="පහළ සැක්සන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7" title="उत्तरी गोलार्ध – නේපාල" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="उत्तरी गोलार्ध" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="නේපාල" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noordelijk_halfrond" title="Noordelijk halfrond – ලන්දේසි" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Noordelijk halfrond" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ලන්දේසි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_nordlege_halvkula" title="Den nordlege halvkula – නෝර්වීජියානු නයිනෝර්ස්ක්" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Den nordlege halvkula" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="නෝර්වීජියානු නයිනෝර්ස්ක්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_nordlige_halvkule" title="Den nordlige halvkule – නෝර්වීජියානු බොක්මල්" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den nordlige halvkule" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="නෝර්වීජියානු බොක්මල්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%89%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਉੱਤਰੀ ਅਰਧਗੋਲ਼ਾ – පන්ජාබි" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਉੱਤਰੀ ਅਰਧਗੋਲ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="පන්ජාබි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3%C5%82kula_p%C3%B3%C5%82nocna" title="Półkula północna – පෝලන්ත" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Półkula północna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="පෝලන්ත" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%81_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%81" title="شمالی نصف کرہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شمالی نصف کرہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemisf%C3%A9rio_norte" title="Hemisfério norte – පෘතුගීසි" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hemisfério norte" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="පෘතුගීසි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emisfera_nordic%C4%83" title="Emisfera nordică – රොමේනියානු" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Emisfera nordică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="රොමේනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Северное полушарие – රුසියානු" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Северное полушарие" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="රුසියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Северна півкуля – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Северна півкуля" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%83_%D1%8D%D2%A5%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B9" title="Хотугу эҥэлэй – සඛා" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Хотугу эҥэлэй" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="සඛා" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emisf%C3%A8riu_norte" title="Emisfèriu norte – සාර්ඩිනිඅන්" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Emisfèriu norte" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="සාර්ඩිනිඅන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjeverna_hemisfera" title="Sjeverna hemisfera – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sjeverna hemisfera" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Northern Hemisphere" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severn%C3%A1_pologu%C4%BEa" title="Severná pologuľa – ස්ලෝවැක්" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Severná pologuľa" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="ස්ලෝවැක්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severna_polobla" title="Severna polobla – ස්ලෝවේනියානු" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Severna polobla" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="ස්ලෝවේනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemisfera_veriore" title="Hemisfera veriore – ඇල්බේනියානු" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hemisfera veriore" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="ඇල්බේනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Северна хемисфера – සර්බියානු" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Северна хемисфера" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="සර්බියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebahan_kal%C3%A9r" title="Lebahan kalér – සන්ඩනීසියානු" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Lebahan kalér" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="සන්ඩනීසියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norra_halvklotet" title="Norra halvklotet – ස්වීඩන්" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Norra halvklotet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ස්වීඩන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nusutufe_ya_kaskazini" title="Nusutufe ya kaskazini – ස්වාහිලි" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Nusutufe ya kaskazini" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="ස්වාහිලි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/saamisan_nu_pankiw_nu_kitakitay" title="saamisan nu pankiw nu kitakitay – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="saamisan nu pankiw nu kitakitay" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="வடக்கு அரைக்கோளம் – දෙමළ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வடக்கு அரைக்கோளம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="දෙමළ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%89%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B3%E0%B0%82" title="ఉత్తరార్ధగోళం – තෙළිඟු" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఉత్తరార్ధగోళం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="තෙළිඟු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="ซีกโลกเหนือ – තායි" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซีกโลกเหนือ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="තායි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilagang_Hilihid" title="Hilagang Hilihid – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Hilagang Hilihid" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuzey_yar%C4%B1mk%C3%BCre" title="Kuzey yarımküre – තුර්කි" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kuzey yarımküre" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="තුර්කි" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BA_%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Төньяк ярымшар – ටාටර්" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Төньяк ярымшар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="ටාටර්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Північна півкуля – යුක්රේනියානු" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Північна півкуля" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="යුක්රේනියානු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%81_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%81" title="شمالی نصف کرہ – උර්දු" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شمالی نصف کرہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="උර්දු" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shimoliy_yarimshar" title="Shimoliy yarimshar – උස්බෙක්" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Shimoliy yarimshar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="උස්බෙක්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BA%AFc_B%C3%A1n_c%E1%BA%A7u" title="Bắc Bán cầu – වියට්නාම්" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bắc Bán cầu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="වියට්නාම්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dimeye_Bole_bijhrece" title="Dimeye Bole bijhrece – වෑලූන්" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Dimeye Bole bijhrece" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="වෑලූන්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amihanan_nga_Hemisferyo" title="Amihanan nga Hemisferyo – වොරෙය්" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Amihanan nga Hemisferyo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="වොරෙය්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%8D%8A%E7%90%83" title="北半球 – වූ චයිනිස්" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="北半球" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="වූ චයිනිස්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94_%E1%83%92%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D" title="ოორუე გვერდოსფერო – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ოორუე გვერდოსფერო" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangiuz_Baihbaek" title="Bangiuz Baihbaek – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Bangiuz Baihbaek" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%8D%8A%E7%90%83" title="北半球 – චීන" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="北半球" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="චීන" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pak_P%C3%B2a%E2%81%BF-ki%C3%BB" title="Pak Pòaⁿ-kiû – මින් නන් චයිනිස්" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pak Pòaⁿ-kiû" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="මින් නන් චයිනිස්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%8D%8A%E7%90%83" title="北半球 – කැන්ටොනීස්" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="北半球" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="කැන්ටොනීස්" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q39061#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="අන්තර්භාෂාමය සබැඳි සංස්කරණය කරන්න" class="wbc-editpage">සබැඳි සංස්කරණය කරන්න</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="නාම අවකාශ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0_%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA" title="අන්තර්ගත පිටුව නරඹන්න [c]" accesskey="c"><span>පිටුව</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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data-file-height="443" /></a><figcaption>උත්තර අර්ධ ගෝලය කහ පැහැයෙන් දීප්තිමත්ව වර්ණ ගන්වා ඇත.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%80:Northern_Hemisphere_LamAz.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Northern_Hemisphere_LamAz.png/220px-Northern_Hemisphere_LamAz.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Northern_Hemisphere_LamAz.png/330px-Northern_Hemisphere_LamAz.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Northern_Hemisphere_LamAz.png/440px-Northern_Hemisphere_LamAz.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>උත්තර අර්ධ ගෝලය උත්තර ධ්‍රැවය ඉහලින් සිට පෙනෙන අයුරු.</figcaption></figure> <p>සමකයට උතුරින් පිහිටි පෘථිවියේ භාගය උත්තර අර්ධ ගෝලයයි. එසේම මෙය කබෝල සමකයට උතුරින් පිහිටමින් කබෝල අර්ධ ගෝලය ද අයත් කරගනී. පෘථිවියේ උත්තර අර්ධ ගෝලයට අයත් භූමියේ පෘථිවිය මත වෙසෙන ජනගහනයෙන් බහුතරය එනම් 90% ක් පමණ දක්නට ඇත. </p><p><br /> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="භූ_විද්‍යාව_හා_දේශගුණය"><span id=".E0.B6.B7.E0.B7.96_.E0.B7.80.E0.B7.92.E0.B6.AF.E0.B7.8A.E2.80.8D.E0.B6.BA.E0.B7.8F.E0.B7.80_.E0.B7.84.E0.B7.8F_.E0.B6.AF.E0.B7.9A.E0.B7.81.E0.B6.9C.E0.B7.94.E0.B6.AB.E0.B6.BA"></span>භූ විද්‍යාව හා දේශගුණය</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0_%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA&action=edit&section=1" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: භූ විද්‍යාව හා දේශගුණය"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>පෘථිවි අක්ෂයේ ආනතිය නිසා ශීත සෘතුව ශීත සූර්යය නිවෘත්තියේ (දෙසැම්බර් 22) සිට වසන්ත විෂුවය (මාර්තු 20) දක්වා පවතින අතර ගිම්හානය ගිම්හාන සූර්යය නිවෘත්තිය (ජුනි 21) සිට සරත් විෂුවය (සැප්තැම්බර් 21) දක්වා පවතී. </p><p>ආක්ටික් වෘත්තයට උතුරින් පිහිටි ප්‍රදේශය ආක්ටික් ප්‍රදේශයයි. එහිදී දේශගුණය ලාක්ෂණික වන්නේ ශීත සෘතුවලින් හා ශීත ගිම්හාන සෘතු වලිනි. වර්ෂණය හිම ආකාරවලින් පමණක් සිදු වේ. හිරු කිසිදා නොබසින ගිම්හානයන් මෙන්ම හිරු කිසිදා නොපායන ශීත සෘතූන් ද ආක්ටික් ප්‍රදේශය අත්විදී මෙම කාලවලදී ආක්ටික් වෘත්තය මත පිහිටි ප්‍රදේශවලට එක් දිනක සිට උත්තර ධ්‍රැවයේ ප්‍රදේශවලට මාස කිහිපයක් දක්වා වශයෙන් විචලනය වේ. </p><p>ආක්ටික් වෘත්තය හා කර්කටක නිවර්තනය අතර උත්තර උෂ්ණත්ව කලාපය පවතී. මෙම කලාපවල ගිම්හානය හා ශීත සෘතුවේ වෙනස්වීම් සාමාන්‍යයෙන් සෞම්‍ය වේ. ආන්තික උෂ්ණ හෝ ශීත දේශගුණ නොමැත. නමුත් උෂ්ණත්ව දේශගුණයේදී ඉතා අවිනිශ්චිත කාලගුණයන් දැරිය හැකිය. </p><p>ඝර්මකලාපීය ප්‍රදේශවල (කර්කටක නිවර්තනයේ සිට සමකය දක්වා) වසර පුරා උණුසුමක් පවතින අතර ගිම්හාන මාස තුළදී වැසි සමයක් අත්වීඳීමට නැඹුරුවක් පවතී. එමෙන්ම ශීත කාලය තුළ දී වියළි කාලයක් අත්වීඳීමට ද නැඹුරුවක් ඇත. </p><p>Corilis ආචරණය නිසා උත්තර අර්ධ ගෝලය තුළදී කුණාටු සහ ඝර්ම කලාපීය චණ්ඩ මාරුත වාමාවර්තව භ්‍රමණය වේ. මීට පරස්පර ලෙස දක්ෂිණ අර්ධ ගෝලය තුළදී කුණාටු සහ චණ්ඩමාරුත දක්ෂිණාවර්තව භ්‍රමණය වේ. භූ තැටියක සෙවනැල්ල උත්තර අර්ධ ගෝලයකදී දක්ෂිණාවර්තව චලනය වන අතර දක්ෂිණ අර්ධ ගෝලය තුළදී ඊට ප්‍රතිවිරුද්ධ වේ. දිවා කාලය තුළදී දකුණට බර පිහිටුමකට සිට උපරිම නැගීම දැක්වීමට හිරු නැඹුරු වේ. නමුත් දක්ෂිණ අර්ධ ගෝලය තුළදී මෙහි පරස්පරය සිදු වේ. (එය සමකයේ දිශාවට නැඹුරු වේ.) අර්ධ ගෝල දෙකෙහිදීම හිරු නැගෙනහිරින් පායා බටහිරින් බැස යයි. දක්ෂිණ අර්ධ ගෝලයේදී දර්ශනයට සාපේක්ෂව උත්තර අර්ධ ගෝලයේදී චන්ද්‍රයා උඩු යටිකුරු වී දිස්වේ. තාරකාවල දර්ශනය ද වෙනස්ය. උත්තර ධ්‍රැවය ක්ෂීරපථයේ මන්දාකිණි මධ්‍යයෙන් ඉවතට යොමු වී තිබේ. මේ අනුව උත්තර අර්ධ ගෝලයේ නිරීක්ෂකයෙකුට දක්ෂිණ අර්ධ ගෝලයට සාපේක්ෂව දීප්තිමත් බවින් අඩු තාරකා දැක ගැනීමට සිදු වේ. ඒනිසා ගැඹුරු අවකාශීය ආකාශ නිරීක්ෂණයන්ට උත්තරාර්ධ ගෝලය වඩාත් උචිත වන්නේ ක්ෂීරපථයේ දීප්තිය නිසාවෙනි. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="මහාද්වීප_හා_රටවල්_ලැයිස්තුව"><span id=".E0.B6.B8.E0.B7.84.E0.B7.8F.E0.B6.AF.E0.B7.8A.E0.B7.80.E0.B7.93.E0.B6.B4_.E0.B7.84.E0.B7.8F_.E0.B6.BB.E0.B6.A7.E0.B7.80.E0.B6.BD.E0.B7.8A_.E0.B6.BD.E0.B7.90.E0.B6.BA.E0.B7.92.E0.B7.83.E0.B7.8A.E0.B6.AD.E0.B7.94.E0.B7.80"></span>මහාද්වීප හා රටවල් ලැයිස්තුව</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0_%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA&action=edit&section=2" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: මහාද්වීප හා රටවල් ලැයිස්තුව"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="මහාද්වීප"><span id=".E0.B6.B8.E0.B7.84.E0.B7.8F.E0.B6.AF.E0.B7.8A.E0.B7.80.E0.B7.93.E0.B6.B4"></span>මහාද්වීප</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0_%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA&action=edit&section=3" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: මහාද්වීප"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>සමස්ත යුරෝපය</li> <li>සමස්ත උතුරු ඇමරිකාව</li> <li>ආසියාව මුළුමනින්ම පාහේ</li> <li>දකුණු ඇමරිකාවෙන් කුඩා කොටසක්, ඇමෙසන් නදියෙහි මෝයට උතුරෙන්</li> <li>අප්‍රිකාවෙන් 2/3 පමණ, කොන්ගෝ නදියේ චාපයට උතුරින්</li></ul> <p><br /> <b>සම්පූර්ණයෙන්ම උත්තර අර්ධ ගෝලයේ පිහිටන රටවල්</b> </p> <ul><li>ප්‍රංශ ගයනාව</li> <li>ගයනාව</li> <li>සුරිනාම්</li> <li>වෙනිසියුලාව</li> <li>කොලොම්බියාව</li></ul> <p><b>පාර්ශ්විකව උත්තර අර්ධ ගෝලයේ පිහිටන රටවල්</b> </p> <ul><li>බ්‍රසීලය</li> <li>ඉක්වදෝරය</li> <li>ඔසනියාව</li></ul> <p>ප්‍රාථමික වශයෙන් උත්තර අර්ධගෝලයේ පිහිටන රටවල් </p> <ul><li>මාෂල් දිවයින්</li> <li>මයික්‍රොනීසියාව</li> <li>පලාවු</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ආශ්‍රිත"><span id=".E0.B6.86.E0.B7.81.E0.B7.8A.E2.80.8D.E0.B6.BB.E0.B7.92.E0.B6.AD"></span>ආශ්‍රිත</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0_%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA&action=edit&section=4" title="ඡේදය සංස්කරණය: ආශ්‍රිත"><span>සංස්කරණය</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" 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