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Tambah rencana untuk bahasa lain" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tambahkan bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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Jacobs]]<br />[[Ludwig Knorr]]<br />[[Oskar Piloty]]<br />[[Julius Tafel]]|known_for=Kajian [[gula]] & [[purin]]|prizes={{Plainlist| * [[Pingat Davy]] {{small|(1890)}} * ForMemRS {{small|(1899)}}<ref name=formemrs>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316060617/https://royalsociety.org/about-us/fellowship/fellows/ |archivedate=2015-03-16 |url=https://royalsociety.org/about-us/fellowship/fellows/ |publisher=[[Royal Society]] |location=London |title=Fellows of the Royal Society}}</ref> * [[Hadiah Nobel dalam Kimia]] {{small|(1902)}} * [[Hadiah Syarahan Faraday]] {{small|(1907)}} * [[Pingat Elliott Cresson]] {{small|(1913)}}}}}}'''Hermann Emil Louis Fischer''' [[Royal Society|FRS]] FRSE FCS (9 Oktober 1852 – 15 Julai 1919) merupakan seorang ahli kimia Jerman dan [[Senarai penerima Hadiah Nobel dalam Kimia|penerima]] [[Hadiah Nobel dalam Kimia]] pada 1902. Beliau menemui esterifikasi Fischer. Beliau juga membangunkan unjuran Fischer, cara simbol untuk melukis atom karbon asimetrik. Beliau tidak pernah menggunakan namanya yang pertama, dan dikenali sepanjang hidupnya hanya sebagai Emil Fischer.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Horst Kunz|year=2002|title=Emil Fischer – Unequalled Classicist, Master of Organic Chemistry Research, and Inspired Trailblazer of Biological Chemistry|journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition|volume=41|issue=23|pages=4439–4451|doi=10.1002/1521-3773(20021202)41:23<4439::AID-ANIE4439>3.0.CO;2-6|pmid=12458504}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lichtenthaler|first=F. W.|year=1992|title=Emil Fischers Beweis der Konfiguration von Zuckern: eine Würdigung nach hundert Jahren|journal=Angewandte Chemie|volume=104|issue=12|pages=1577–1593|doi=10.1002/ange.19921041204}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Forster|first=Martin Onslow|date=1920|title=Emil Fischer memorial lecture|journal=Journal of the Chemical Society, Transactions|volume=117|pages=1157–1201|doi=10.1039/CT9201701157}}</ref><ref>[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1902/fischer-bio.html Biography] Biography of Fischer from Nobelprize.org website</ref> == Tahun-tahun awal == Fischer dilahirkan di [[Euskirchen]], [[Cologne]], anak Laurenz Fischer, seorang [[ahli perniagaan]], dan isterinya Julie Poensgen. Selepas menamatkan pengajian, beliau ingin mengkaji [[sains semula jadi]], tetapi bapanya memaksa beliau untuk bekerja dalam perniagaan keluarga sehingga menentukan bahawa anaknya tidak sesuai. Fischer kemudian menghadiri Universiti Bonn pada tahun 1871, tetapi beralih ke Universiti Strasbourg pada tahun 1872. Beliau memperoleh [[kedoktoran]] pada tahun 1874 di bawah Adolf von Baeyer dengan kajiannya terhadap phthalein dan telah dilantik sebagai jawatan di universiti. == Penyelidikan == Fischer terkenal kerana kerjanya pada gula: antara kerja lain, sintesis organik D - (+) - [[glukosa]]<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Fischer|first=Emil|year=1890|title=Synthese des Traubenzuckers|journal=Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft|volume=23|pages=799–805|doi=10.1002/cber.189002301126}}</ref> dan purin (termasuk sintesis pertama [[kafein]]). Fischer juga berperanan dalam penemuan [[barbiturat]], satu kelas ubat penenang yang digunakan untuk insomnia, epilepsi, kegelisahan, dan anestesia. Bersama doktor Josef von Mering, beliau membantu melancarkan sedatif barbiturate pertama, barbantik, pada tahun 1904.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The History of Barbiturates|last=López-Muñoz|pmc=2424120|display-authors=etal}}Missing or empty <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#x7C;url=</code> ([[:en:Help:CS1 errors#cite_web_url|bantuan]]) [[Kategori:Halaman menggunakan petikan web tanpa URL]]</ref> == Rujukan == {{Reflist}} == Pautan luar == * [http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1902/fischer-lecture.html Nobel Lecture] ''Syntheses in the Purine and Sugar Group'' from Nobelprize.org website * [https://books.google.com/books?id=5OcIAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA238 Eminent Chemists of Our Time] By Benjamin Harrow pages 216–239, published 1920 by Von Nostrand Company at books.google.com. * [http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/tf6000053v/ Guide to the Emil Fischer Papers] at The Bancroft Library * [https://books.google.com/books?id=fraaVP7NeOEC&pg=PA149 Text-book of Physiological Chemistry in Thirty Lectures] by Emil Abderhalden, translated by William Thomas Hall and George Defren; published 1908 by Wiley Company, has many technical references to Fischer's work in Chemistry. * [https://books.google.com/books?id=j9YAAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA189 American Journal of Diseases of Children 1911] volume 2 by the American Medical Association also refers to Fischer's work. * [https://books.google.com/books?id=JvoIAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA708 An Introduction to the History of Medicine: With Medical Chronology] by Fielding Hudson Garrison, page 708 refers to Fischer and Merings discovery of the drugs veronal(1904) and proponal(1905), published 1921 by Saunders Company. * [https://books.google.com/books?id=8URLAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA438 1914 Year Book of the American Pharmaceutical Association], page 438 abstracts Fischer and Strauss's work on Phenol-Glucosides – Synthetic Production from Berlin d.D Chem. 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