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Varför och hur firar vi?" /><meta name="description" content="Inlägg om islam skrivna av Mattias Axelsson" /> <style type="text/css" id="custom-background-css"> body.custom-background { background-color: #FFFFFF; } </style> <style type="text/css" id="custom-colors-css"> body.custom-colors #page, body.custom-background.custom-background-image-empty #page { background-image: url(https://s2.wp.com/wp-content/themes/pub/sundance/images/bg.jpg) repeat 0 0; } body { background-color: #FFFFFF;} </style> </head> <body class="archive category category-islam category-420 custom-background customizer-styles-applied group-blog custom-background-image-empty jetpack-reblog-enabled custom-colors"> <div id="page" class="hfeed site"> <header id="masthead" class="site-header" role="banner"> <div class="masthead-inner clear-fix"> <hgroup> <h1 class="site-title"><a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/" title="Högtider och traditioner" rel="home">Högtider och traditioner</a></h1> <h2 class="site-description">Om svenska och andra högtider och traditioner. 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Den <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2016/05/21/vad-ar-skillnaden-mellan-den-kristna-kalendern-och-den-muslimska-kalendern/">muslimska kalendern är en <strong>månkalender</strong></a>. Ett år i den muslimska kalendern är också tolv månader, men där är varje månad reglerad just av månens varv runt jorden. En månad blir således 29 eller 30 dagar och ett år blir 353 , 354 eller 355 dagar.</p> <p>För de allra flesta muslimer är det också den faktiska månen (och inte som med den <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2013/03/04/vad-ar-paskfullmanen-och-nar-kan-man-se-den/">kristna påsken, en kalendarisk måne</a>) som avgör när en månad övergår i en annan. <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2023/02/01/nar-borjar-ramadan-i-sverige-2023/">Ramadan 2023</a> började torsdag 23 mars, nio dagar tidigare än året innan eftersom det var då nymånen blev synlig.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/1_644109f345d81.jpg"><img data-attachment-id="13164" data-permalink="https://svenskahogtider.com/2023/04/21/nar-eid-al-fitr-i-sverige-2023/1_644109f345d81/#main" data-orig-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/1_644109f345d81.jpg" data-orig-size="820,540" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="1_644109f345d81" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/1_644109f345d81.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/1_644109f345d81.jpg?w=652" width="820" height="540" src="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/1_644109f345d81.jpg?w=820" alt="" class="wp-image-13164" srcset="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/1_644109f345d81.jpg 820w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/1_644109f345d81.jpg?w=150 150w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/1_644109f345d81.jpg?w=300 300w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/1_644109f345d81.jpg?w=768 768w" sizes="(max-width: 820px) 100vw, 820px" /></a></figure> <p>Aljazeera rapporterade i slutet av april att:</p> <blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow"> <p>A new moon was sighted on Thursday evening after Maghrib prayers in Saudi Arabia, meaning that Eid celebrations there will begin on Friday, April 21.</p> </blockquote> <p>Så den sista dagen som de flesta muslimer fastar är torsdag 20 april och sedan börjar festen <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2008/09/30/vad-betyder-eid-al-fitr/">Eid al-Fitr</a> nästföljande fredag.</p> <p><em>Skrivet av <a href="http://www.mattias-axelsson.se/">Mattias Axelsson</a>, gymnasielärare i religion, historia och samhällskunskap. (2023-04-21)</em></p> <p><strong>Källor</strong>:</p> <p><a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/4/18/when-is-eid-al-fitr-2023">When is Eid al-Fitr 2023?</a> aljazeera.com 2023-04-18</p> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="cat-links"> Publicerat i <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/category/islam/" rel="category tag">islam</a> </span> <span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="tag-links">Märkt <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/eid-al-fitr/" rel="tag">eid al fitr</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/islam/" rel="tag">islam</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/muslimska-hogtider/" rel="tag">muslimska högtider</a></span><span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="comments-link"><a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2023/04/21/nar-eid-al-fitr-i-sverige-2023/#comments">1 kommentar</a></span> <span class="sep"> | </span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-12653" class="post-12653 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-islam tag-islam tag-muslimsk-kalender tag-muslimska-hogtider tag-ramadan"> <header class="entry-header"> <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/author/svenskavanor/" title="Visa alla inlägg av Mattias Axelsson"> <img alt='' src='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/4b835c62955b10b7d2c82de5959af8e2a1a127a750e5acea15aa71fa848389d4?s=45&d=identicon&r=G' srcset='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/4b835c62955b10b7d2c82de5959af8e2a1a127a750e5acea15aa71fa848389d4?s=45&d=identicon&r=G 1x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/4b835c62955b10b7d2c82de5959af8e2a1a127a750e5acea15aa71fa848389d4?s=68&d=identicon&r=G 1.5x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/4b835c62955b10b7d2c82de5959af8e2a1a127a750e5acea15aa71fa848389d4?s=90&d=identicon&r=G 2x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/4b835c62955b10b7d2c82de5959af8e2a1a127a750e5acea15aa71fa848389d4?s=135&d=identicon&r=G 3x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/4b835c62955b10b7d2c82de5959af8e2a1a127a750e5acea15aa71fa848389d4?s=180&d=identicon&r=G 4x' class='avatar avatar-45' height='45' width='45' loading='lazy' decoding='async' /> </a> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2023/02/01/nar-borjar-ramadan-i-sverige-2023/" rel="bookmark">När börjar ramadan i Sverige 2023?</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2023/02/01/nar-borjar-ramadan-i-sverige-2023/" title="10:34 f m" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2023-02-01T10:34:43-01:00" pubdate>1 februari , 2023</time></a><span class="byline"> av <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://svenskahogtider.com/author/svenskavanor/" title="Visa alla inlägg av Mattias Axelsson" rel="author">Mattias Axelsson</a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <p><strong><em>Kort svar: </em></strong><em>Den muslimska fastemånaden ramadan påbörjas torsdag 23 mars, nio dagar tidigare än året innan.</em></p> <p>Ramadan är en av islams tolv månader. Det som gör ramadan till en särskilt viktig månad är att en av de fem pelarna inom islam innebär att man ska fasta under månaden ramadan. </p> <p>Den <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2016/05/21/vad-ar-skillnaden-mellan-den-kristna-kalendern-och-den-muslimska-kalendern/">muslimska kalendern skiljer sig från den gregorianska kalendern</a> är att den senare utgår från att ett år är samma som jordens bana runt solen och är 365 dagar, medan den muslimska utgår från att en månad är samma som månens bana runt jorden och därmed är en månad 29/30 dagar och ett år 354 dagar. Detta gör att det skiljer cirka tio dagar mellan dem.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/article_topimage_islam.jpg"><img data-attachment-id="12659" data-permalink="https://svenskahogtider.com/2023/02/01/nar-borjar-ramadan-i-sverige-2023/article_topimage_islam/#main" data-orig-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/article_topimage_islam.jpg" data-orig-size="1544,586" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1584449068","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="article_topimage_islam" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/article_topimage_islam.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/article_topimage_islam.jpg?w=652" width="1024" height="388" src="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/article_topimage_islam.jpg?w=1024" alt="" class="wp-image-12659" srcset="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/article_topimage_islam.jpg?w=1022 1022w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/article_topimage_islam.jpg?w=150 150w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/article_topimage_islam.jpg?w=300 300w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/article_topimage_islam.jpg?w=768 768w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/article_topimage_islam.jpg 1544w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></a></figure> <p>En faktor som ytterligare komplicerar bestämmandet av datum för ramadans start är att en muslimsk månad börjar först när nymånen faktiskt är synlig. Hur detta sker rent praktiskt varierar från land till land och mellan olika traditioner.</p> <p>I Saudiarabien är det Högsta Domstolen som beslutar när ramadan börjar och de bygger sitt beslut på när nymånen är synlig över landet. Många av världens muslimer följer detta beslut. </p> <p>På <em>Göteborgs moskés </em>hemsidan skriver man att ramadan 2023 börjar torsdag 23 mars, även Sveriges Imamråd anger detta datum som starten för Ramadan i Sverige.</p> <p><em>Skrivet av <a href="http://www.mattias-axelsson.se/">Mattias Axelsson</a>, gymnasielärare i religion, historia och samhällskunskap. (2022-02-01)</em></p> <p><strong>Källor: </strong></p> <p><a href="https://goteborgsmoske.se/bonetider/bonetider2023.pdf">Göteborgs moské (2023-02-01)</a></p> <p><a href="https://www.islamiskaforbundet.se/pressmeddelande-fran-sveriges-imamrad-angaende-ramadan-2023/">Islamiska Förbundet pressmeddelande</a></p> <p><a href="https://aladhan.com/ramadan-prayer-times/2023/Stockholm/Sweden">Ramadan prayer times</a></p> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="cat-links"> Publicerat i <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/category/islam/" rel="category tag">islam</a> </span> <span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="tag-links">Märkt <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/islam/" rel="tag">islam</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/muslimsk-kalender/" rel="tag">muslimsk kalender</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/muslimska-hogtider/" rel="tag">muslimska högtider</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/ramadan/" rel="tag">ramadan</a></span><span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="comments-link"><a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2023/02/01/nar-borjar-ramadan-i-sverige-2023/#respond">Lämna en kommentar</a></span> <span class="sep"> | </span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-6526" class="post-6526 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-islam category-ramadan tag-islam tag-muslimska-hogtider tag-ramadan"> <header class="entry-header"> <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/author/maxelson/" title="Visa alla inlägg av Mattias Axelsson"> <img alt='' src='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=45&d=identicon&r=G' srcset='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=45&d=identicon&r=G 1x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=68&d=identicon&r=G 1.5x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=90&d=identicon&r=G 2x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=135&d=identicon&r=G 3x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=180&d=identicon&r=G 4x' class='avatar avatar-45' height='45' width='45' loading='lazy' decoding='async' /> </a> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2019/04/25/nar-borjar-ramadan-2019-i-sverige/" rel="bookmark">När börjar ramadan 2019 i Sverige?</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2019/04/25/nar-borjar-ramadan-2019-i-sverige/" title="6:12 f m" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2019-04-25T06:12:04-01:00" pubdate>25 april , 2019</time></a><span class="byline"> av <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://svenskahogtider.com/author/maxelson/" title="Visa alla inlägg av Mattias Axelsson" rel="author">Mattias Axelsson</a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <p><em><strong>Kort svar: </strong>Ramadan 2019 i Sverige börjar (troligen) på kvällen den 5 maj och håller på till 4 juni.</em></p> <p>Att fasta innebär att man avstår från mat och/eller dryck under en period. Fasta finns på olika sätt i olika religioner – ex. <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2014/02/15/nar-borjar-paskfastan/">påskfastan</a> i kristendomen och <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2018/03/23/nar-infaller-muslimska-hogtider-2018-i-sverige/">Ramadan</a> i islam.</p> <p>Ramadan är den nionde månaden i den muslimska kalendern. Eftersom den muslimska kalendern är en månkalender så flyttar sig månaderna (och därmed Ramadan) c.a. 11 dagar gentemot den gregorianska (som vi använder i bl.a. Sverige). Om <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2016/05/20/nar-borjar-ramadan-i-sverige-2016/">Ramadan 2016 började 6 juni</a> så betyder det att <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2017/06/19/nar-ar-eid-al-fitr-i-sverige-2017/">Ramadan 2017</a> började 26 maj och <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2018/05/15/nar-borjar-ramadan-2018-i-sverige/">Ramadan 2018 började 15 maj</a>.</p> <p><img data-attachment-id="5368" data-permalink="https://svenskahogtider.com/2017/06/19/nar-ar-eid-al-fitr-i-sverige-2017/islamic_center_of_america/#main" data-orig-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg" data-orig-size="1200,803" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="Islamic_Center_of_America" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg?w=652" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-5368" src="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg" alt="Islamic_Center_of_America" width="1200" height="803" srcset="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg 1200w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg?w=150&h=100 150w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg?w=300&h=201 300w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg?w=768&h=514 768w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg?w=1024&h=685 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /></p> <p>En sak som komplicerar saken ytterligare är att de flesta muslimer i världen utgår ifrån att det är den astronomiska nymånen som ska siktas för att en ny månad ska anses ha börjat, inte den <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2007/04/02/varfor-ar-det-alltid-fullmane-runt-pask/">kalendariska som kristna påskfirare</a> använder.</p> <p>Eftersom det ibland kan vara svårt att se nymånen i Sverige på sommaren brukar många muslimer utgå ifrån när nymånen siktas i Mecka. Ramadan 2019 förväntas börja 6 maj, men eftersom det muslimska dygnet börjar vid solnedgång så blir det i praktiken på kvällen 5 maj (alltså samma dag som mexikaner i <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2019/05/01/varfor-firas-cinco-de-mayo/">USA firar <em>Cinco de Mayo</em></a>).</p> <p><em>Skrivet av <a href="http://www.mattias-axelsson.se/">Mattias Axelsson</a>, gymnasielärare i religion, historia och samhällskunskap. (2019-04-25)</em></p> <p><strong>Källor:</strong></p> <p>”<a href="https://www.al-habib.info/islamic-calendar/ummulqura/islamic-calendar-ummulqura-2019-ce.htm">Islamic calender</a>”</p> <p>Hjärpe, Jan (2013) <em> 99 frågor om islam : och något färre svar </em>Leopard Förlag</p> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="cat-links"> Publicerat i <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/category/islam/" rel="category tag">islam</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/category/ramadan/" rel="category tag">ramadan</a> </span> <span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="tag-links">Märkt <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/islam/" rel="tag">islam</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/muslimska-hogtider/" rel="tag">muslimska högtider</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/ramadan/" rel="tag">ramadan</a></span><span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="comments-link"><a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2019/04/25/nar-borjar-ramadan-2019-i-sverige/#respond">Lämna en kommentar</a></span> <span class="sep"> | </span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-5981" class="post-5981 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-eid-al-fitr category-islam tag-eid-al-fitr tag-eid-al-fitr-2018 tag-islam tag-muslimska-hogtider"> <header class="entry-header"> <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/author/maxelson/" title="Visa alla inlägg av Mattias Axelsson"> <img alt='' src='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=45&d=identicon&r=G' srcset='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=45&d=identicon&r=G 1x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=68&d=identicon&r=G 1.5x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=90&d=identicon&r=G 2x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=135&d=identicon&r=G 3x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=180&d=identicon&r=G 4x' class='avatar avatar-45' height='45' width='45' loading='lazy' decoding='async' /> </a> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2018/06/09/nar-ar-eid-al-fitr-2018/" rel="bookmark">När är eid al-fitr i Sverige 2018?</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2018/06/09/nar-ar-eid-al-fitr-2018/" title="4:05 e m" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2018-06-09T16:05:57-01:00" pubdate>9 juni , 2018</time></a><span class="byline"> av <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://svenskahogtider.com/author/maxelson/" title="Visa alla inlägg av Mattias Axelsson" rel="author">Mattias Axelsson</a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <p><em><strong>Kort svar: </strong>Eid al-fitr 2018 börjar i Sverige på kvällen den 14 juni.</em></p> <p>Eid al-fitr betyder <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2008/09/30/vad-betyder-eid-al-fitr/">översatt till svenska ”fastebrytandets fest”</a> och eid al-fitr firas när <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2018/05/15/nar-borjar-ramadan-2018-i-sverige/">fastemånaden Ramadan</a> är slut. Eftersom den <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2016/05/21/vad-ar-skillnaden-mellan-den-kristna-kalendern-och-den-muslimska-kalendern/">muslimska kalendern (i de flesta fall) följer den astronomiska månen</a> så bestäms olika högtidsdagar utifrån när månen faktiskt syns. Hur detta sker rent praktiskt varierar från land till land och mellan olika traditioner.</p> <p><img data-attachment-id="5368" data-permalink="https://svenskahogtider.com/2017/06/19/nar-ar-eid-al-fitr-i-sverige-2017/islamic_center_of_america/#main" data-orig-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg" data-orig-size="1200,803" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="Islamic_Center_of_America" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg?w=652" loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-large wp-image-5368" src="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg?w=652" alt="" width="652" height="436" srcset="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg?w=652 652w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg?w=150 150w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg?w=300 300w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg?w=768 768w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg?w=1024 1024w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/islamic_center_of_america.jpg 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 652px) 100vw, 652px" /></p> <p>En månad i den muslimska kalendern och en månad i den gregorianska kalendern (den som används i bl.a. Sverige) är inte samma sak. En muslimsk månad följer månens faser (från nymåne till nymåne) – och därför är 29,5 dagar – medan en kristen månad inte har någon koppling till månen – och kan vara 28, 30 eller 31 dagar. Därför <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2008/09/30/varfor-ar-eid-al-fitr-olika-dagar-varje-ar/">flyttar sig de muslimska månaderna (och även festerna)</a> i förhållande till den gregorianska kalendern. Så här skriver <a href="http://www.arabnews.com/node/1316906/saudi-arabia"><em>Arab News </em>om Eid i Saudiarabien</a>:</p> <blockquote><p>The exact start date of Eid has yet to be officially announced, but an astronomer in Sharjah said this week that it will likely begin on Friday, June 15.</p></blockquote> <p>Ytterligare en sak som komplicerar datumet är att olika församlingar kan fira på olika dagar. Så här skriver <a href="http://www.ibtimes.com/eid-al-fitr-2015-date-why-some-muslims-celebrate-end-ramadan-different-days-2007994"><em>International Buisness Time</em> (min översättning)</a>:</p> <blockquote><p>Men för icke-muslimer, kan firandet verkar egendomligt på ett sätt: Alla muslimer världen över firar inte högtiden på samma dag. I år [2015, min anmärkning] , startar Eid på fredagen för en del muslimer , medan andra kommer fasta ytterligare en dag och fira Eid på lördagen.</p></blockquote> <p>Eid al-fitr 2018 beräknas börja fredagen den 15 juni. Dock räknar man dygnets början kvällen innan vilket betyder att svenska muslimer (troligen) börjar fira Eid al-fitr på kvällen den 14 juni.</p> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="cat-links"> Publicerat i <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/category/eid-al-fitr/" rel="category tag">eid al fitr</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/category/islam/" rel="category tag">islam</a> </span> <span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="tag-links">Märkt <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/eid-al-fitr/" rel="tag">eid al fitr</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/eid-al-fitr-2018/" rel="tag">eid al fitr 2018</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/islam/" rel="tag">islam</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/muslimska-hogtider/" rel="tag">muslimska högtider</a></span><span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="comments-link"><a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2018/06/09/nar-ar-eid-al-fitr-2018/#respond">Lämna en kommentar</a></span> <span class="sep"> | </span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-5935" class="post-5935 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-islam category-ramadan tag-islam tag-muslimska-hogtider tag-ramadan tag-ramadan-2018"> <header class="entry-header"> <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/author/maxelson/" title="Visa alla inlägg av Mattias Axelsson"> <img alt='' src='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=45&d=identicon&r=G' srcset='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=45&d=identicon&r=G 1x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=68&d=identicon&r=G 1.5x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=90&d=identicon&r=G 2x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=135&d=identicon&r=G 3x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=180&d=identicon&r=G 4x' class='avatar avatar-45' height='45' width='45' loading='lazy' decoding='async' /> </a> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2018/05/15/nar-borjar-ramadan-2018-i-sverige/" rel="bookmark">När börjar ramadan 2018 i Sverige?</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2018/05/15/nar-borjar-ramadan-2018-i-sverige/" title="6:01 f m" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2018-05-15T06:01:31-01:00" pubdate>15 maj , 2018</time></a><span class="byline"> av <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://svenskahogtider.com/author/maxelson/" title="Visa alla inlägg av Mattias Axelsson" rel="author">Mattias Axelsson</a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <p><em><strong>Kort svar: </strong>Ramadan (den muslimska fastemånaden) börjar 16 maj* i Sverige.</em></p> <p>Att fasta innebär att man avstår från mat och/eller dryck under en period. Fasta finns på olika sätt i olika religioner – ex. <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2014/02/15/nar-borjar-paskfastan/">påskfastan</a> i kristendomen och <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2018/03/23/nar-infaller-muslimska-hogtider-2018-i-sverige/">Ramadan</a> i islam.</p> <p><img data-attachment-id="5936" data-permalink="https://svenskahogtider.com/2018/05/15/nar-borjar-ramadan-2018-i-sverige/ramadan-3380068_1280/#main" data-orig-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/ramadan-3380068_1280.jpg" data-orig-size="1280,655" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ramadan-3380068_1280" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/ramadan-3380068_1280.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/ramadan-3380068_1280.jpg?w=652" loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-5936" src="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/ramadan-3380068_1280.jpg" alt="ramadan-3380068_1280.jpg" width="1280" height="655" srcset="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/ramadan-3380068_1280.jpg 1280w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/ramadan-3380068_1280.jpg?w=150&h=77 150w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/ramadan-3380068_1280.jpg?w=300&h=154 300w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/ramadan-3380068_1280.jpg?w=768&h=393 768w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/ramadan-3380068_1280.jpg?w=1024&h=524 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px" /></p> <p>Ramadan är den nionde av den muslimska kalenderns tolv månader. Den <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2016/05/21/vad-ar-skillnaden-mellan-den-kristna-kalendern-och-den-muslimska-kalendern/">muslimska kalendern</a> bygger (till skillnad från den kristna) på att <strong>en månad är lika lång som den tid det tar för månen att röra sig ett varv runt jorden</strong> (29,5 dygn). Ett muslimskt år är tolv månmånader – alltså 354 dagar. I Koranen (9:36) står det:</p> <blockquote><p>Antalet månader är tolv enligt Guds dekret – vilket Han fastställde den dag då Han skapade himlarna och jorden. Av dem är fyra helgade; detta är [Guds] evigt sanna lag. Vanhelga därför inte dessa [månader] till skada för er själva.</p></blockquote> <p>Eftersom den muslimska och den kristna (gregorianska) kalendern skiljer sig åt så flyttar sig de muslimska månaderna successivt med elva dagar varje år. Om <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2016/05/20/nar-borjar-ramadan-i-sverige-2016/">Ramadan 2016 började 6 juni</a> så betyder det att Ramadan 2017 började 26 maj. Detta betyder också att Ramadan 2018 startar på kvällen tisdag den 15 maj.</p> <p>En sak som dock komplicerar saken något är att de flesta muslimer i världen utgår ifrån att det är den astronomiska nymånen som ska siktas för att en ny månad ska anses ha börjat. Så här skriver t.ex. de islamrättsliga <a href="http://www.islamguiden.com/arkiv/Uttalande-Ramadan-2018-svenska.pdf">råden tillhörande ”Förenade sunnitiska moskéer och samfund i Sverige”</a>:</p> <blockquote><p>Astronomin och dess metoder var ju kända hos en del araber och även av andra nationer. Men trots det ansåg Profeten, må frid och välsignelse vara över honom, att fastan ska påbörjas antingen vid månens nytändning eller när Shaaban hade fullbordats med sina 30 dagar. Denna praxis tillämpades i syfte att dels underlätta för muslimer, och dels att förena och undvika osämjor muslimerna emellan. Vid tvist så är det siktandet av nymånen som avgör när fastemånaden börjar och slutar och inte de astronomiska beräkningarna.</p></blockquote> <p>Eftersom det ibland kan vara svårt att se nymånen i Sverige på sommaren brukar många muslimer utgå ifrån när nymånen siktas i Mecka.</p> <p>Ramadan tar slut den <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2018/06/09/nar-ar-eid-al-fitr-2018/">15 juni (eller egentligen på kvällen den 14) och då börjar eid al-fitr 2018</a>.</p> <p>* Eftersom det muslimska dygnet börjar vid solnedgången så startar firandet på kvällen innan nämnda datum</p> <p><em>Skrivet av <a href="http://www.mattias-axelsson.se/">Mattias Axelsson</a>, gymnasielärare i religion, historia och samhällskunskap. (2018-05-15)</em></p> <p><strong>Källor:</strong></p> <p>”<a href="https://www.al-habib.info/islamic-calendar/ummulqura/islamic-calendar-ummulqura-2018-ce.htm">Islamic calender</a>”</p> <p>Hjärpe, Jan (2013) <em> 99 frågor om islam : och något färre svar </em>Leopard Förlag</p> <p> </p> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="cat-links"> Publicerat i <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/category/islam/" rel="category tag">islam</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/category/ramadan/" rel="category tag">ramadan</a> </span> <span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="tag-links">Märkt <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/islam/" rel="tag">islam</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/muslimska-hogtider/" rel="tag">muslimska högtider</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/ramadan/" rel="tag">ramadan</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/ramadan-2018/" rel="tag">ramadan 2018</a></span><span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="comments-link"><a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2018/05/15/nar-borjar-ramadan-2018-i-sverige/#respond">Lämna en kommentar</a></span> <span class="sep"> | </span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-5858" class="post-5858 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-eid-al-adha category-eid-al-fitr category-islam tag-ashura tag-eid-al-adha tag-eid-al-adha-2018 tag-eid-al-fitr tag-eid-al-fitr-2018 tag-islam tag-muslimska-hogtider tag-profetens-fodelsedag"> <header class="entry-header"> <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/author/maxelson/" title="Visa alla inlägg av Mattias Axelsson"> <img alt='' src='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=45&d=identicon&r=G' srcset='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=45&d=identicon&r=G 1x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=68&d=identicon&r=G 1.5x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=90&d=identicon&r=G 2x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=135&d=identicon&r=G 3x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=180&d=identicon&r=G 4x' class='avatar avatar-45' height='45' width='45' loading='lazy' decoding='async' /> </a> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2018/03/23/nar-infaller-muslimska-hogtider-2018-i-sverige/" rel="bookmark">När infaller muslimska högtider 2018 i Sverige?</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2018/03/23/nar-infaller-muslimska-hogtider-2018-i-sverige/" title="8:31 f m" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2018-03-23T08:31:17-01:00" pubdate>23 mars , 2018</time></a><span class="byline"> av <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://svenskahogtider.com/author/maxelson/" title="Visa alla inlägg av Mattias Axelsson" rel="author">Mattias Axelsson</a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <p><em><strong>Kort svar: </strong>De två stora högtiderna som alla världens muslimer firar – eid al-fitr och eid al-adha – infaller 2018 fredag 15 juni respektive onsdag 22 augusti. Tänk dock på att det muslimska dygnet börjar kvällen före.</em></p> <p>Den muslimska kalendern – som bestämmer när de muslimska högtiderna infaller – bygger på <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2016/05/21/vad-ar-skillnaden-mellan-den-kristna-kalendern-och-den-muslimska-kalendern/">att en månad är lika lång som den tid det tar för månen att gå från nymåne till nymåne</a> (29,5 dygn). Ett muslimskt år är tolv månmånader. I Koranen (9:36) står det:</p> <blockquote><p>Antalet månader är tolv enligt Guds dekret – vilket Han fastställde den dag då Han skapade himlarna och jorden. Av dem är fyra helgade; detta är [Guds] evigt sanna lag. Vanhelga därför inte dessa [månader] till skada för er själva.</p></blockquote> <p>Den muslimska kalendern har alltså också tolv månader (mest känd är <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2018/05/15/nar-borjar-ramadan-2018-i-sverige/">förmodligen fastemånaden ramadan</a>) men efter som de är kortare då blir det muslimska året också kortare – 354 eller 355 dagar. Detta gör att de muslimska högtiderna (ex.<a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2008/09/30/vad-betyder-eid-al-fitr/"> eid al-fitr</a> och <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2016/09/09/nar-ar-eid-al-adha-2016/">eid al-adha</a>) är på olika <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2008/09/30/varfor-ar-eid-al-fitr-olika-dagar-varje-ar/">datum i den svenska kalendern från år till år</a>.</p> <p>Det finns en rad olika lokala fester och olika trosinriktningar inom islam har egna högtider som man firar. Men Jan Hjärpe skriver:</p> <blockquote><p>Det två stora muslimska högtider är <em>id al-adha, </em>offerhögtiden, och <em>id al-fitr,</em> fastebrytandets fest. Dessa fester firas av de flesta muslimer i världen och även mer sekulariserade muslimer brukar delta.</p></blockquote> <h3>När är eid al-fitr 2018?</h3> <p>Eid al-fitr betyder <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2008/09/30/vad-betyder-eid-al-fitr/">översatt till svenska ”fastebrytandets fest”</a> och eid al-fitr firas när <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2018/05/15/nar-borjar-ramadan-2018-i-sverige/">fastemånaden Ramadan</a> är slut. Eftersom den muslimska kalendern (i de flesta fall) följer den astronomiska månen så bestäms firandet av dagar när den astroomiska fullmånen är synlig. Ytterligare en sak som komplicerar datumet är att olika församlingar kan fira på olika dagar. Så här skriver <a href="http://www.ibtimes.com/eid-al-fitr-2015-date-why-some-muslims-celebrate-end-ramadan-different-days-2007994"><em>International Buisness Time</em> (min översättning)</a>:</p> <blockquote><p>Men för icke-muslimer, kan firandet verkar egendomligt på ett sätt: Alla muslimer världen över firar inte högtiden på samma dag. I år [2015, min anmärkning] , startar Eid på fredagen för en del muslimer , medan andra kommer fasta ytterligare en dag och fira Eid på lördagen.</p></blockquote> <p><a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2018/06/09/nar-ar-eid-al-fitr-2018/">Eid al-fitr 2018 beräknas börja fredagen den 15 juni</a>.</p> <p><img data-attachment-id="5861" data-permalink="https://svenskahogtider.com/2018/03/23/nar-infaller-muslimska-hogtider-2018-i-sverige/iranians_holding_eid_al-fitr_prayer_in_lavizan_imamzadeh_shrine_tehran_iran/#main" data-orig-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/iranians_holding_eid_al-fitr_prayer_in_lavizan_imamzadeh_shrine_tehran_iran.jpg" data-orig-size="800,557" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="Iranians_holding_Eid_al-Fitr_prayer_in_Lavizan_Imamzadeh_shrine,_Tehran,_Iran" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/iranians_holding_eid_al-fitr_prayer_in_lavizan_imamzadeh_shrine_tehran_iran.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/iranians_holding_eid_al-fitr_prayer_in_lavizan_imamzadeh_shrine_tehran_iran.jpg?w=652" loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-5861" src="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/iranians_holding_eid_al-fitr_prayer_in_lavizan_imamzadeh_shrine_tehran_iran.jpg" alt="Iranians_holding_Eid_al-Fitr_prayer_in_Lavizan_Imamzadeh_shrine,_Tehran,_Iran.jpg" width="800" height="557" srcset="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/iranians_holding_eid_al-fitr_prayer_in_lavizan_imamzadeh_shrine_tehran_iran.jpg 800w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/iranians_holding_eid_al-fitr_prayer_in_lavizan_imamzadeh_shrine_tehran_iran.jpg?w=150&h=104 150w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/iranians_holding_eid_al-fitr_prayer_in_lavizan_imamzadeh_shrine_tehran_iran.jpg?w=300&h=209 300w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/iranians_holding_eid_al-fitr_prayer_in_lavizan_imamzadeh_shrine_tehran_iran.jpg?w=768&h=535 768w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /></p> <h3>När är eid al-adha?</h3> <p>Eid al-adha är den andra av två muslimska högtider som firas av muslimer över hela värden. Eid al-adha firas till minne av en central händelse i alla de abrahamitiska religionerna – när patriarken Abraham är på väg att offra sin son med i sista stund stoppas av Gud. Denna berättelse återfinns både i Bibeln och Koranen.</p> <p>Eid al-adha infaller den tionde dagen i månaden dhu-l-hijja. År 2018 beräknas eid al-adha börja onsdag 22 augusti.</p> <p><img data-attachment-id="4950" data-permalink="https://svenskahogtider.com/2016/09/09/nar-ar-eid-al-adha-2016/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b/#main" data-orig-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg" data-orig-size="1024,683" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="6887392973_0520eb6fef_b" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg?w=652" loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-large wp-image-4950" src="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg?w=652&h=435" alt="6887392973_0520eb6fef_b" width="652" height="435" srcset="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg?w=652&h=435 652w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg?w=150&h=100 150w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg?w=300&h=200 300w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg?w=768&h=512 768w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 652px) 100vw, 652px" /></p> <h3>När är profetens födelsedag?</h3> <p>Den populäraste högtider efter de både eid-festerna är troligen profeten Muhammeds födelsedag (Mawlid eller Maulid). Så här skriver Hjärpe:</p> <blockquote><p>Firandet av Muhammeds födelsedag i en större och mer festlig omfattning tros ha sitt ursprung i Egypten under det ismailitisk-shiitiska fatimidiska kalifatet (969-1171) och att bruket under de följande århundraden kom att spridas i större delen av den muslimska världen.</p></blockquote> <p>År 2018 tros profetens födelsedag infalla onsdag 22 november</p> <h3>När är Ashura?</h3> <p>Den mindre av de två stora inriktningarna – shia – firar också ashura. Ashura är en av de viktigaste högtiderna för shiamuslimer och det man högtidlighåller är minnet av imam Husayns martyrdöd vid Karbala år 680. Ashura infaller den tionde dagen i månaden muharam, men man inleder högtiden redan den förste i månaden. Varje kväll samlas man för särskilda böner och sorgesånger.</p> <p><a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2018/09/20/nar-borjar-ashura-2018-i-sverige/">Ashura 2018 beräknas infalla torsdag 20 september</a>.</p> <h3>Förslag på att förändra kalendern</h3> <p>Att muslimer runt om i världen firar högtider på olika datum är naturligtvis ett problem. Därför bestämdes på <a href="http://www.fiqhcouncil.org/node/72"><em>International Hijri Calendar Unity Congress </em>i Istanbul att man ska arbeta för en enhetlig kalender</a>.</p> <blockquote><p>In today’s world individuals, state, public and private organizations need a standard calendar that is accepted by all those concerned to be able to make future plans. It is not realistic in a global world to use a calendar that differs from country to country and even from region to region and to expect plans to be made according to this calendar. Thus it is an absolute necessity that a systematic calendar is prepared that helps Muslims plan their social and religious lives and keeps in mind their sensitivities.</p></blockquote> <p>P.S. Eftersom det muslimska dygnet börjar vid solnedgången så startar firandet på kvällen innan nämnda datum D.S.</p> <p><em>Skrivet av <a href="http://www.mattias-axelsson.se/">Mattias Axelsson</a>, gymnasielärare i religion, historia och samhällskunskap. (2018-03-23)</em></p> <p><strong>Källor:</strong></p> <p>”<a href="https://www.al-habib.info/islamic-calendar/ummulqura/islamic-calendar-ummulqura-2018-ce.htm">Islamic calender</a>”</p> <p>Hjärpe, Jan (2013) <em> 99 frågor om islam : och något färre svar </em>Leopard Förlag</p> <p> </p> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="cat-links"> Publicerat i <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/category/eid-al-adha/" rel="category tag">eid al adha</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/category/eid-al-fitr/" rel="category tag">eid al fitr</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/category/islam/" rel="category tag">islam</a> </span> <span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="tag-links">Märkt <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/ashura/" rel="tag">ashura</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/eid-al-adha/" rel="tag">eid al adha</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/eid-al-adha-2018/" rel="tag">eid al adha 2018</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/eid-al-fitr/" rel="tag">eid al fitr</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/eid-al-fitr-2018/" rel="tag">eid al fitr 2018</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/islam/" rel="tag">islam</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/muslimska-hogtider/" rel="tag">muslimska högtider</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/profetens-fodelsedag/" rel="tag">profetens födelsedag</a></span><span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="comments-link"><a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2018/03/23/nar-infaller-muslimska-hogtider-2018-i-sverige/#respond">Lämna en kommentar</a></span> <span class="sep"> | </span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-4994" class="post-4994 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-islam tag-eid-al-adha tag-eid-al-fitr tag-islam tag-muslimska-hogtider"> <header class="entry-header"> <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/author/maxelson/" title="Visa alla inlägg av Mattias Axelsson"> <img alt='' src='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=45&d=identicon&r=G' srcset='https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=45&d=identicon&r=G 1x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=68&d=identicon&r=G 1.5x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=90&d=identicon&r=G 2x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=135&d=identicon&r=G 3x, https://1.gravatar.com/avatar/acf212aaad80d1df83b6f89d5f804b3286d092e06b15d99fcdd205c17a577540?s=180&d=identicon&r=G 4x' class='avatar avatar-45' height='45' width='45' loading='lazy' decoding='async' /> </a> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2016/10/20/nar-infaller-muslimska-hogtider/" rel="bookmark">När infaller muslimska högtider 2017?</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/2016/10/20/nar-infaller-muslimska-hogtider/" title="5:00 e m" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2016-10-20T17:00:09-01:00" pubdate>20 oktober , 2016</time></a><span class="byline"> av <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://svenskahogtider.com/author/maxelson/" title="Visa alla inlägg av Mattias Axelsson" rel="author">Mattias Axelsson</a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <p><em><strong>Kort svar: </strong>De två stora högtiderna som alla världens muslimer firar – eid al-fitr och eid al-adha – infaller 2017 den 25 juni respektive den 1 september. </em></p> <p>Den muslimska kalendern – som bestämmer när de muslimska högtiderna infaller – bygger på <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2016/05/21/vad-ar-skillnaden-mellan-den-kristna-kalendern-och-den-muslimska-kalendern/">att en månad är lika lång som den tid det tar för månen att gå från nymåne till nymåne</a> (29,5 dygn). Ett muslimskt år är tolv månmånader. I Koranen (9:36) står det:</p> <blockquote><p>Antalet månader är tolv enligt Guds dekret – vilket Han fastställde den dag då Han skapade himlarna och jorden. Av dem är fyra helgade; detta är [Guds] evigt sanna lag. Vanhelga därför inte dessa [månader] till skada för er själva.</p></blockquote> <p>Den muslimska kalendern har alltså också tolv månader (mest känd är <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2016/05/20/nar-borjar-ramadan-i-sverige-2016/">förmodligen fastemånaden ramadan</a>) men efter som de är kortare då blir det muslimska året också kortare – 354 eller 355 dagar. Detta gör att de muslimska högtiderna (ex.<a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2008/09/30/vad-betyder-eid-al-fitr/"> eid al-fitr</a> och <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2016/09/09/nar-ar-eid-al-adha-2016/">eid al-adha</a>) är på olika <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2008/09/30/varfor-ar-eid-al-fitr-olika-dagar-varje-ar/">datum i den svenska kalendern från år till år</a>.</p> <p><img data-attachment-id="4823" data-permalink="https://svenskahogtider.com/2016/05/20/nar-borjar-ramadan-i-sverige-2016/priere_de_tarawih_dans_la_grande_mosquee_de_kairouan-_ramadan_2012/#main" data-orig-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pric3a8re_de_tarawih_dans_la_grande_mosquc3a9e_de_kairouan-_ramadan_2012.jpg" data-orig-size="3872,2592" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"3.5","credit":"","camera":"NIKON D40X","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1342995199","copyright":"","focal_length":"18","iso":"400","shutter_speed":"0.066666666666667","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="Prière_de_Tarawih_dans_la_Grande_Mosquée_de_Kairouan._Ramadan_2012" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pric3a8re_de_tarawih_dans_la_grande_mosquc3a9e_de_kairouan-_ramadan_2012.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pric3a8re_de_tarawih_dans_la_grande_mosquc3a9e_de_kairouan-_ramadan_2012.jpg?w=652" loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-large wp-image-4823" src="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pric3a8re_de_tarawih_dans_la_grande_mosquc3a9e_de_kairouan-_ramadan_2012.jpg?w=652" alt="By Zied Nsir - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=28654874" width="652" height="436" srcset="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pric3a8re_de_tarawih_dans_la_grande_mosquc3a9e_de_kairouan-_ramadan_2012.jpg?w=652 652w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pric3a8re_de_tarawih_dans_la_grande_mosquc3a9e_de_kairouan-_ramadan_2012.jpg?w=1304 1304w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pric3a8re_de_tarawih_dans_la_grande_mosquc3a9e_de_kairouan-_ramadan_2012.jpg?w=150 150w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pric3a8re_de_tarawih_dans_la_grande_mosquc3a9e_de_kairouan-_ramadan_2012.jpg?w=300 300w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pric3a8re_de_tarawih_dans_la_grande_mosquc3a9e_de_kairouan-_ramadan_2012.jpg?w=768 768w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/pric3a8re_de_tarawih_dans_la_grande_mosquc3a9e_de_kairouan-_ramadan_2012.jpg?w=1024 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 652px) 100vw, 652px" /></p> <p>Det finns en rad olika lokala fester och olika trosinriktningar inom islam har egna högtider som man firar. Men Jan Hjärpe skriver:</p> <blockquote><p>Det två stora muslimska högtider är <em>id al-adha, </em>offerhögtiden, och <em>id al-fitr,</em> fastebrytandets fest. Dessa fester firas av de flesta muslimer i världen och även mer sekulariserade muslimer brukar delta.</p></blockquote> <h3>När är eid al-fitr?</h3> <p>Eid Al-Fitr är en fest i tre dagar som firas <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2014/06/22/nar-borjar-ramadan-i-sverige/">när månaden Ramadan</a> är slut. Eid är det arabiska ordet för ”fest”, men kan även betyda ”återkommande”. Fitr är ungefär det arabiska ordet för ”fastebrytande” – alltså <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2008/09/30/vad-betyder-eid-al-fitr/">betyder eid al-Fitr ”fastebrytandets fest”</a>.</p> <p>Ytterligare en sak som komplicerar datumet är att olika församlingar kan fira på olika dagar. Så här skriver <a href="http://www.ibtimes.com/eid-al-fitr-2015-date-why-some-muslims-celebrate-end-ramadan-different-days-2007994"><em>International Buisness Time</em> (min översättning)</a>:</p> <blockquote><p>Men för icke-muslimer, kan firandet verkar egendomligt på ett sätt: Alla muslimer världen över firar inte högtiden på samma dag. I år [2015, min anmärkning] , startar Eid på fredagen för en del muslimer , medan andra kommer fasta ytterligare en dag och fira Eid på lördagen.</p></blockquote> <p><a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2017/06/19/nar-ar-eid-al-fitr-i-sverige-2017/">Eid al-Fitr 2017 beräknas starta 25 juni</a>, men detta kan som sagt ändras beroende på månen.</p> <h3>När är eid al-adha?</h3> <p>Eid al-adha är den andra av två muslimska högtider som firas av muslimer över hela värden. Eid al-adha firas till minne av en central händelse i alla de abrahamitiska religionerna – när patriarken Abraham är på väg att offra sin son med i sista stund stoppas av Gud. Denna berättelse återfinns både i Bibeln och Koranen.</p> <p>Eid al-adha infaller den tionde dagen i månaden dhu-l-hijja. År <a href="https://hogtider.wordpress.com/2017/08/26/nar-infaller-eid-al-adha-i-sverige-2017/">2017 beräknas detta vara den 1 september</a>.</p> <p><img data-attachment-id="4950" data-permalink="https://svenskahogtider.com/2016/09/09/nar-ar-eid-al-adha-2016/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b/#main" data-orig-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg" data-orig-size="1024,683" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="6887392973_0520eb6fef_b" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg?w=652" loading="lazy" class="alignnone size-large wp-image-4950" src="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg?w=652" alt="6887392973_0520eb6fef_b" width="652" height="435" srcset="https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg?w=652 652w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg?w=150 150w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg?w=300 300w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg?w=768 768w, https://svenskahogtider.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/6887392973_0520eb6fef_b.jpg 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 652px) 100vw, 652px" /></p> <h3>När är profetens födelsedag?</h3> <p>Den populäraste högtider efter de både eid-festerna är troligen profeten Muhammeds födelsedag (Mawlid eller Maulid). Så här skriver Hjärpe:</p> <blockquote><p>Firandet av Muhammeds födelsedag i en större och mer festlig omfattning tros ha sitt ursprung i Egypten under det ismailitisk-shiitiska fatimidiska kalifatet (969-1171) och att bruket under de följande århundraden kom att spridas i större delen av den muslimska världen.</p></blockquote> <p>År 2017 tros profetens födelsedag infall den 1 december.</p> <h3>När är Ashura?</h3> <p>Den mindre av de två stora inriktningarna – shia – firar också ashura. Ashura är en av de viktigaste högtiderna för shiamuslimer och det man högtidlighåller är minnet av imam Husayns martyrdöd vid Karbala år 680. Ashura infaller den tionde dagen i månaden muharam, men man inleder högtiden redan den förste i månaden. Varje kväll samlas man för särskilda böner och sorgesånger.</p> <p>Ashura 2017 beräknas infall den 1 oktober.</p> <h3>Förslag på att förändra kalendern</h3> <p>Att muslimer runt om i världen firar högtider på olika datum är naturligtvis ett problem. Därför bestämdes på <a href="http://www.fiqhcouncil.org/node/72"><em>International Hijri Calendar Unity Congress </em>i Istanbul att man ska arbeta för en enhetlig kalender</a>.</p> <blockquote><p>In today’s world individuals, state, public and private organizations need a standard calendar that is accepted by all those concerned to be able to make future plans. It is not realistic in a global world to use a calendar that differs from country to country and even from region to region and to expect plans to be made according to this calendar. Thus it is an absolute necessity that a systematic calendar is prepared that helps Muslims plan their social and religious lives and keeps in mind their sensitivities.</p></blockquote> <p>P.S. Eftersom det muslimska dygnet börjar vid solnedgången så startar firandet på kvällen innan nämnda datum D.S.</p> <p><em>Skrivet av <a href="http://www.mattias-axelsson.se/">Mattias Axelsson</a>, gymnasielärare i religion, historia och samhällskunskap. (2016-10-20, uppdaterad 2017-08-26)</em></p> <p><strong>Källor:</strong></p> <p>”<a href="http://www.al-habib.info/islamic-calendar/ummulqura/islamic-calendar-ummulqura-2017-ce.htm">Islamic calender</a>”</p> <p>Hjärpe, Jan (2013) <em> 99 frågor om islam : och något färre svar </em>Leopard Förlag</p> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="cat-links"> Publicerat i <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/category/islam/" rel="category tag">islam</a> </span> <span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="tag-links">Märkt <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/eid-al-adha/" rel="tag">eid al adha</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/eid-al-fitr/" rel="tag">eid al fitr</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/islam/" rel="tag">islam</a>, <a href="https://svenskahogtider.com/tag/muslimska-hogtider/" rel="tag">muslimska högtider</a></span><span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="comments-link"><a 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