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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p>A <b>virtual research environment</b> (<b>VRE</b>) or <b>virtual laboratory</b> is an online system helping <a href="/wiki/Academic_research" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic research">researchers</a> collaborate. Features usually include collaboration support (<a href="/wiki/Web_forums" class="mw-redirect" title="Web forums">Web forums</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wiki" title="Wiki">wikis</a>), document hosting, and some discipline-specific tools, such as <a href="/wiki/Data_analysis" title="Data analysis">data analysis</a>, visualisation, or simulation management. In some instances, publication management, and teaching tools such as presentations and slides may be included. VREs have become important in fields where research is primarily carried out in teams which span institutions and even countries: the ability to easily share information and research results is valuable. </p><p>The concept of the VRE was studied by UK funding agency <a href="/wiki/Jisc" title="Jisc">Jisc</a> in 2010<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which highlighted issues such as researcher involvement in VRE design, sustainability, and consideration of the project as primarily one of community building rather than technology. The report also noted synonyms such as "collaborative e-research community", "<a href="/wiki/Collaboratory" title="Collaboratory">collaboratory</a>" and "virtual research community". JISC funded development of a number of VREs under its "Virtual research environment programme" from 2004 to 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also launched a VRE Knowledge Base<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 2011 that serves as a catalogue of international VRE projects and key literature. </p><p>A paper on VREs was produced in 2011, in the context of the GRDI2020 EU Project.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It surveyed the state of the art, proposed a 10-year vision, discussed current challenges and concluded with recommendations for the evolution of the research field. The authors define VREs as "innovative, web-based, community-oriented, comprehensive, flexible, and secure working environments conceived to serve the needs of modern science". </p><p>In Australia, <a href="/wiki/E-Research" class="mw-redirect" title="E-Research">e-Research</a> body <a href="/w/index.php?title=NeCTAR&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NeCTAR (page does not exist)">NeCTAR</a> has funding for a "virtual laboratory" program to be allocated in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Recent experiences in developing <a href="/wiki/Science_gateway" title="Science gateway">Science Gateways</a> and Virtual Research Environments are discussed in.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CCPE_D4S_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CCPE_D4S-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Software">Software</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virtual_research_environment&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Software"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>VRE software may be built on a CMS platform (such as <a href="/wiki/HUBzero" title="HUBzero">HUBzero</a>), from a <a href="/wiki/Learning_management_system" title="Learning management system">learning management system</a> (such as Sakai<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) or through specific VRE frameworks that can be used as enabling technologies to develop and host different VREs (such as the <a href="/wiki/GCube_system" title="GCube system">gCube system</a> or Microsoft Virtual Research Environment Toolkits<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="As-a-Service">As-a-Service</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virtual_research_environment&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: As-a-Service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/D4Science" title="D4Science">D4Science</a> is promoting the development of Virtual Research Environments offered via the "<a href="/wiki/As_a_service" title="As a service">as a service</a>" delivery model.<sup id="cite_ref-FGCS_D4SOpenScience_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FGCS_D4SOpenScience-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-CCPE_D4S_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CCPE_D4S-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virtual_research_environment&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Science_gateway" title="Science gateway">Science gateway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer-supported_cooperative_work" title="Computer-supported cooperative work">Computer-supported cooperative work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_information_management_system" title="Laboratory information management system">Laboratory information management system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_learning_environment" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual learning environment">Virtual learning environment</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virtual_research_environment&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Carusi, A., & Reimer, T. (2010). Virtual Research Environment Collaborative Landscape Study.JISC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.jisc.ac.uk/media/documents/publications/vrelandscapereport.pdf">http://www.jisc.ac.uk/media/documents/publications/vrelandscapereport.pdf</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/vre.aspx">"Virtual research environments"</a>. <i>Jisc</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jisc&rft.atitle=Virtual+research+environments&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jisc.ac.uk%2Fwhatwedo%2Fprogrammes%2Fvre.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVirtual+research+environment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120928045325/http://misc.jisc.ac.uk/vre/">"VRE Knowledge Base | Virtual Research Environments"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://misc.jisc.ac.uk/vre/">the original</a> on 2012-09-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-10-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=VRE+Knowledge+Base+%26%23124%3B+Virtual+Research+Environments&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmisc.jisc.ac.uk%2Fvre%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVirtual+research+environment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">L. Candela (2011) Data Use - Virtual Research Environments. In Technological & Organisational Aspects of a Global Research Data Infrastructure - A View from Experts. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.grdi2020.eu/Pages/SelectedDocument.aspx?id_documento=eb0e8fea-c496-45b7-a0c5-831b90fe0045">http://www.grdi2020.eu/Pages/SelectedDocument.aspx?id_documento=eb0e8fea-c496-45b7-a0c5-831b90fe0045</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCandelaCastelliPagano2013" class="citation journal cs1">Candela, L.; Castelli, D.; Pagano, P. 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