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class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-裴垍" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#裴垍"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>裴垍</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-裴垍-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-李吉甫" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#李吉甫"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>李吉甫</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-李吉甫-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-李籓" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#李籓"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>李籓</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-李籓-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-權德輿" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#權德輿"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>權德輿</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-權德輿-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-【論】" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#【論】"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>【論】</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-【論】-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">舊唐書/卷148</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="这篇条目只存在于此语言中。添加其他语言的条目" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">添加语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span><span class="wb-langlinks-add wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q85505289#sitelinks-wikisource" title="添加跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">添加链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7148" title="查看内容页面[c]" accesskey="c"><span>作品</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7148&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="有关内容页面的讨论（页面不存在）[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7148" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7148" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7148" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" 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data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button 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mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7148&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7148" title="所有链接至本页面的wiki页面列表[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7148" rel="nofollow" title="链自本页的页面的最近更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=zh" title="上传文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="所有特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7148&oldid=1526100" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7148&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8%2F%E5%8D%B7148&id=1526100&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E8%2588%258A%25E5%2594%2590%25E6%259B%25B8%2F%25E5%258D%25B7148"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li 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accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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</p><p>元和初，召入翰林為學士，轉考功郎中、知制誥，尋遷中書舍人。李吉甫自翰林承旨拜平章事，詔將下之夕，感出涕。謂垍曰：「吉甫自尚書郎流落遠地，十余年方歸，便入禁署，今才滿歲，後進人物，罕所接識。宰相之職，宜選擢賢俊，今則懵然莫知能否。卿多精鑒，今之才傑，為我言之。」垍取筆疏其名氏，得三十餘人。數月之內，選用略盡，當時翕然稱吉甫有得人之稱。三年，詔舉賢良，時有皇甫湜對策，其言激切；牛僧孺、李宗閔亦苦詆時政。考官楊於陵、韋貫之升三子之策皆上第，垍居中覆視，無所同異。及為貴幸泣訴，請罪於上，憲宗不得已，出於陵、貫之官，罷垍翰林學士，除戶部侍郎。然憲宗知垍好直，信任彌厚。 </p><p>其年秋，李吉甫出鎮淮南，遂以垍代為中書侍郎、同平章事。明年，加集賢院大學士、監修國史。垍奏：「集賢御書院，請準《六典》，登朝官五品已上為學士，六品已下為直學士；自非登朝官，不問品秩，並為校理；其餘名目一切勒停。史館請登朝官入館者，並為修撰；非登朝官，並為直史館。仍永為常式。」皆從之。 </p><p>元和五年，中風病。憲宗甚嗟惜，中使旁午致問，至於藥膳進退，皆令疏陳。疾益痼，罷為兵部尚書，仍進階銀青。明年，改太子賓客。卒，廢朝，賻禮有加，贈太子少傅。 </p><p>初，垍在翰林承旨，屬憲宗初平吳、蜀，勵精思理，機密之務，一以關垍。垍小心敬慎，甚稱中旨。及作相之後，懇請旌別淑慝，杜絕蹊徑，齊整法度，考課吏理，皆蒙垂意聽納。吐突承璀自春宮侍憲宗，恩顧莫二。承璀承間欲有所關說，憲宗憚垍，誡勿復言，在禁中常以官呼垍而不名。楊於陵為嶺南節度使，與監軍許遂振不和，遂振誣奏於陵，憲宗令追與慢官。垍曰：「以遂振故罪一籓臣，不可。」請授吏部侍郎。嚴綬在太原，其政事一出監軍李輔光，綬但拱手而已，垍具奏其事，請以李鄘代之。 </p><p>王士真死，其子承宗以河北故事請代父為帥。憲宗意速於太平，且頻蕩寇孽，謂其地可取。吐突承璀恃恩，謀撓垍權，遂伺君意，請自征討。盧從史陰苞逆節，內與承宗相結約，而外請興師，以圖厚利。垍一一陳其不可，且言：「武俊有大功於朝，前授李師道而後奪承宗，是賞罰不一，無以沮勸天下。」逗留半歲，憲宗不決，承璀之策竟行。及師臨賊境，從史果攜貳，承璀數督戰，從史益驕倨反覆，官軍病之。時王師久暴露無功，上意亦怠。 </p><p>後從史遣其衙門將王翊元入奏，垍延與語，微動其心，且喻以為臣之節，翊元因吐誠言從史惡稔可圖之狀。垍遣再往，比復還，遂得其大將烏重胤等要領。垍因從容啟言：「從史暴戾，有無君之心。今聞其視承璀如嬰孩，往來神策壁壘間，益自恃不嚴，是天亡之時也。若不因其機而致之，後雖興師，未可以歲月破也。」憲宗初愕然，熟思其計，方許之。垍因請密其謀，憲宗曰：「此唯李絳、梁守謙知之。」時絳承旨翰林，守謙掌密命。後承璀竟擒從史，平上黨，其年秋班師。垍以「承璀首唱用兵，今還無功，陛下縱念舊勞，不能加顯戮，亦請貶黜以謝天下」。遂罷承璀兵柄。 </p><p>先是，天下百姓輸賦於州府：一曰上供，二曰送使，三曰留州。建中初定兩稅，時貸重錢輕；是後貨輕錢重，齊人所出，固已倍其初征。而其留州送使，所在長吏又降省估使就實估，以自封殖而重賦於人。及垍為相，奏請：「天下留州、送使物，一切令依省估。其所在觀察使，仍以其所蒞之郡租賦自給；若不足，然後征於支郡。」其諸州送使額，悉變為上供，故江淮稍息肩。 </p><p>垍雖年少，驟居相位，而器局峻整，有法度，雖大僚前輩，其造請不敢幹以私。諫官言時政得失，舊事，操權者多不悅其舉職。垍在中書，有獨孤郁、李正辭、嚴休復自拾遺轉補闕，及參謝之際，垍廷語之曰：「獨孤與李二補闕，孜孜獻納，今之遷轉，可謂酬勞愧矣。嚴補闕官業，或異於斯，昨者進擬，不無疑緩。」休復悚恧而退。垍在翰林，舉李絳、崔群同掌密命；及在相位，用韋貫之、裴度知制誥，擢李夷簡為御史中丞，其後繼踵入相，鹹著名跡。其余量材賦職，皆葉人望，選任之精，前後莫及。議者謂垍作相，才與時會，知無不為，於時朝無幸人，百度浸理；而再周遘疾，以至休謝，公論惜之。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading1"><h1 id="李吉甫"><span id=".E6.9D.8E.E5.90.89.E7.94.AB"></span>李吉甫</h1><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7148&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：李吉甫"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>李吉甫，字弘憲，趙郡人。父棲筠，代宗朝為御史大夫，名重於時，國史有傳。吉甫少好學，能屬文。年二十七，為太常博士，該洽多聞，尤精國朝故實，沿革折衷，時多稱之。遷屯田員外郎，博士如故，改駕部員外。宰臣李泌、竇參推重其才，接遇頗厚。及陸贄為相，出為明州員外長史；久之遇赦，起為忠州刺史。時贄已謫在忠州，議者謂吉甫必逞憾於贄，重構其罪；及吉甫到部，與贄甚歡，未嘗以宿嫌介意。六年不徙官，以疾罷免。尋授柳州刺史，遷饒州。先是，州城以頻喪四牧，廢而不居，物怪變異，郡人信驗；吉甫至，發城門管鑰，剪荊榛而居之，後人乃安。 </p><p>憲宗嗣位，征拜考功郎中、知制誥。既至闕下，旋召入翰林為學士，轉中書舍人，賜紫。憲宗初即位，中書小吏滑渙與知樞密中使劉光琦暱善，頗竊朝權，吉甫請去之。劉闢反，帝命誅討之；計未決，吉甫密贊其謀，兼請廣征江淮之師，由三峽路入，以分蜀寇之力。事皆允從，由是甚見親信。二年春，杜黃裳出鎮，擢吉甫為中書侍郎、平章事。吉甫性聰敏，詳練物務，自員外郎出官，留滯江淮十五餘年，備詳閭裏疾苦。及是為相，患方鎮貪恣，乃上言使屬郡刺史得自為政。敘進群材，甚有美稱。 </p><p>三年秋，裴均為僕射、判度支，交結權幸，欲求宰相。先是，制策試直言極諫科，其中有譏刺時政，忤犯權幸者，因此均黨揚言皆執政教指，冀以搖動吉甫，賴諫官李約、獨孤郁、李正辭、蕭俛密疏陳奏，帝意乃解。吉甫早歲知獎羊士諤，擢為監察御史；又司封員外郎呂溫有詞藝，吉甫亦眷接之。竇群亦與羊、呂善。群初拜御史中丞，奏請士諤為侍御史，溫為郎中、知雜事。吉甫怒其不先關白，而所請又有超資者，持之數日不行，因而有隙。群遂伺得日者陳克明出入吉甫家，密捕以聞；憲宗詰之，無奸狀。吉甫以裴垍久在翰林，憲宗親信，必當大用，遂密薦垍代己，因自圖出鎮。其年九月，拜檢校兵部尚書，兼中書侍郎、平章事，充淮南節度使，上御通化門樓餞之。在揚州，每有朝廷得失，軍國利害，皆密疏論列。又於高郵縣築堤為塘，溉田數千頃，人受其惠。 </p><p>五年冬，裴垍病免。明年正月，授吉甫金紫光祿大夫、中書侍郎、平章事、集賢殿大學士、監修國史、上柱國、趙國公。及再入相，請減省職員並諸色出身胥吏等，及量定中外官俸料，時以為當。京城諸僧有以莊磑免稅者，吉甫奏曰：「錢米所征，素有定額，寬緇徒有餘之力，配貧下無告之民，必不可許。」憲宗乃止。又請歸普潤軍於涇原。 </p><p>七年，京兆尹元義方奏：「永昌公主準禮令起祠堂，請其制度。」初，貞元中，義陽、義章二公主咸於墓所造祠堂一百二十間，費錢數萬；及永昌之制，上令義方減舊制之半。吉甫奏曰：「伏以永昌公主，稚年夭枉，舉代同悲，況於聖情，固所鐘念。然陛下猶減制造之半，示折衷之規，昭儉訓人，實越今古。臣以祠堂之設，禮典無文，德宗皇帝恩出一時，事因習俗，當時人間不無竊議。昔漢章帝時，欲為光武原陵、明帝顯節陵，各起邑屋，東平王蒼上疏言其不可。——東平王即光武之愛子，明帝之愛弟。賢王之心，豈惜費於父兄哉！誠以非禮之事，人君所當慎也。今者，依義陽公主起祠堂，臣恐不如量置墓戶，以充守奉。」翌日，上謂吉甫曰：「卿昨所奏罷祠堂事，深愜朕心。朕初疑其冗費，緣未知故實，是以量減。覽卿所陳，方知無據。然朕不欲破二十戶百姓，當揀官戶委之。」吉甫拜賀。上曰：「卿，此豈是難事！有關朕身，不便於時者，茍聞之則改，此豈足多耶！卿但勤匡正，無謂朕不能行也。」 </p><p>七年七月，上御延英，顧謂吉甫曰：「朕近日畋遊悉廢，唯喜讀書。昨於《代宗實錄》中，見其時綱紀未振，朝廷多事，亦有所鑒誡。向後見卿先人事跡，深可嘉嘆。」吉甫降階跪奏曰：「臣先父伏事代宗，盡心盡節，迫於流運，不待聖時，臣之血誠，常所追恨。陛下耽悅文史，聽覽日新，見臣先父忠於前朝，著在實錄，今日特賜褒揚，先父雖在九泉，如睹白日。」因俯伏流涕，上慰諭之。 </p><p>八年十月，上御延英殿，問時政記記何事。時吉甫監修國史，先對曰：「是宰相記天子事以授史官之實錄也。古者，右史記言，今起居舍人是；左史記事，今起居郎是。永徽中，宰相姚璹監修國史，慮造膝之言，或不可聞，因請隨奏對而記於仗下，以授於史官，今時政記是也。」上曰：「間或不修，何也？」曰：「面奉德音，未及施行，總謂機密，故不可書以送史官；其間有謀議出於臣下者，又不可自書以付史官；及已行者，制令昭然，天下皆得聞知，即史官之記，不待書以授也。且臣觀時政記者，姚璹修之於長壽，及璹罷而事寢；賈耽、齊抗修之於貞元，及耽、抗罷而事廢。然則關時政化者，不虛美，不隱惡，謂之良史也。」 </p><p>是月，回紇部落南過磧，取西城柳谷路討吐蕃。西城防禦使周懷義表至，朝廷大恐，以為回紇聲言討吐蕃，意是入寇。吉甫奏曰：「回紇入寇，且當漸絕和事，不應便來犯邊，但須設備，不足為慮。」因請自夏州至天德，復置廢館一十一所，以通緩急。又請發夏州騎士五百人，營於經略故城，應援驛使，兼護党項。九年，請於經略故城置宥州。六胡州以在靈鹽界，開元中廢六州。曰：「國家舊置宥州，以寬宥為名，領諸降戶。天寶末，宥州寄理於經略軍，蓋以地居其中，可以總統蕃部，北以應接天德，南援夏州。今經略遙隸靈武，又不置軍鎮，非舊制也。」憲宗從其奏，復置宥州，詔曰：「天寶中宥州寄理於經略軍，寶應已來，因循遂廢。由是昆夷屢擾，党項靡依，蕃部之人，撫懷莫及。朕方弘遠略，思復舊規，宜於經略軍置宥州，仍為上州，於郭下置延恩縣，為上縣，屬夏綏銀觀察使。」 </p><p>淮西節度使吳少陽卒，其子元濟請襲父位。吉甫以為淮西內地，不同河朔，且四境無黨援，國家常宿數十萬兵以為守禦，宜因時而取之。頗葉上旨，始為經度淮西之謀。 </p><p>元和九年冬，暴病卒，年五十七。憲宗傷悼久之，遣中使臨吊；常贈之外，內出絹五百匹以恤其家，再贈司空。吉甫初為相，頗洽時情，及淮南再徵，中外延望風采。秉政之後，視聽時有所蔽，人心疑憚之。時負公望者慮為吉甫所忌，多避畏。憲宗潛知其事，未周歲，遂擢用李絳，大與絳不協；而絳性剛評，訐於上前，互有爭論，人多直絳。然性畏慎，雖其不悅者，亦無所傷。服物食味，必極珍美，而不殖財產，京師一宅之外，無他第墅，公論以此重之。有司謚曰敬憲；及會議，度支郎中張仲方駁之，以為太優。憲宗怒，貶仲方，賜吉甫謚曰忠懿。 </p><p>吉甫嘗討論《易象》異義，附於一行集註之下；及綴錄東漢、魏、晉、周、隋故事，訖其成敗損益大端，目為《六代略》，凡三十卷。分天下諸鎮，紀其山川險易故事，各寫其圖於篇首，為五十四卷，號為《元和郡國圖》。又與史官等錄當時戶賦兵籍，號為《國計簿》，凡十卷。纂《六典》諸職為《百司舉要》一卷。皆奏上之，行於代。子德修、德裕。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading1"><h1 id="李籓"><span id=".E6.9D.8E.E7.B1.93"></span>李籓</h1><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7148&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：李籓"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>李籓，字叔翰，趙郡人。曾祖至遠，天後時李昭德薦為天官侍郎，不詣昭德謝恩，時昭德怒，奏黜為壁州刺史。祖畬，開元時為考功郎中，事母孝謹，母卒，不勝喪死。至遠、畬皆以誌行名重一時。父承，為湖南觀察使，亦有名。 </p><p>籓少恬淡修檢，雅容儀，好學。父卒，家富於財，親族吊者，有挈去不禁，愈務散施，不數年而貧。年四十余未仕，讀書揚州，困於自給，妻子怨尤之，晏如也。杜亞居守東都，以故人子署為從事。洛中盜發，有誣牙將令狐運者，亞信之，拷掠竟罪。籓知其冤，爭之不從，遂辭出。後獲真盜宋瞿曇，籓益知名。 </p><p>張建封在徐州，辟為從事，居幕中，謙謙未嘗論細微。杜兼為濠州刺史，帶使職，建封病革，兼疾驅到府，陰有冀望。籓與同列省建封，出而泣語兼曰：「僕射公奄忽如此，公宜在州防遏，今棄州此來，欲何也？宜疾去！不若此，當奏聞。」兼錯愕不虞，遂徑歸。建封死，兼悔所誌不就，怨籓甚。既歸揚州，兼因誣奏籓建封死時搖動軍中。德宗大怒，密詔杜佑殺之。佑素重籓，懷詔旬日不忍發，因引籓論釋氏，曰：「因報之事，信有之否？」籓曰：「信然。」曰：「審如此，君宜遇事無恐。」因出詔。籓覽之，無動色，曰：「某與兼信為報也。」佑曰：「慎勿出口，吾已密論，持百口保君矣。」德宗得佑解，怒不釋，亟追籓赴闕。及召見，望其儀形，曰：「此豈作惡事人耶！」乃釋然，除秘書郎。 </p><p>王紹持權，邀籓一相見即用，終不就。王仲舒、韋成季、呂洞輩為郎官，朋黨輝赫，日會聚歌酒，慕籓名，強致同會，籓不得已一至。仲舒輩好為訛語俳戲，後召籓，堅不去，曰：「吾與仲舒輩終日，不曉所與言何也。」後果敗。遷主客員外郎，尋換右司。時順宗冊廣陵王淳為皇太子，兵部尚書王純請改名紹，時議非之，皆云：「皇太子亦人臣也，東宮之臣改之宜也，非其屬而改之，諂也。如純輩豈為以禮事上耶！」籓謂人曰：「歷代故事，皆自不識大體之臣而失之，因不可復正，無足怪也。」及太子即位，憲宗是也。宰相改郡縣名以避上名，唯監察御史韋淳不改。既而有詔以陸淳為給事中，改名質；淳不得已改名貫之，議者嘉之。 </p><p>籓尋改吏部員外郎。元和初，遷吏部郎中，掌曹事，為使所蔽，濫用官闕，黜為著作郎。轉國子司業，遷給事中。制敕有不可，遂於黃敕後批之。吏曰：「宜別連白紙。」籓曰：「別以白紙，是文狀，豈曰批敕耶！」裴垍言於帝，以為有宰相器，屬鄭絪罷免，遂拜籓門下侍郎、同平章事。籓性忠藎，事無不言，上重之，以為無隱。 </p><p>四年冬，顧謂宰臣曰：「前代帝王理天下，或家給人足，或國貧下困，其故何也？」籓對曰：「古人云：『儉以足用。』蓋足用系於儉約。誠使人君不貴珠玉，唯務耕桑，則人無淫巧，俗自敦本，百姓既足，君孰與不足！自然帑藏充羨，稼穡豐登。若人君竭民力，貴異物，上行下效，風俗日奢，去本務末，衣食益乏，則百姓不足！君孰與足！自然國貧家困，盜賊乘隙而作矣！今陛下永鑒前古，思躋富庶，躬尚勤儉，自當理平。伏願以知之為非艱，保之為急務，宮室輿馬，衣服器玩，必務損之又損，示人變風，則天下幸甚。」帝曰：「儉約之事，是我誠心；貧富之由，如卿所說。唯當上下相勖，以保此道，似有逾濫，極言箴規，此固深期於卿等也。」籓等拜賀而退。 </p><p>帝又問曰：「禳災祈福之說，其事信否？」籓對曰：「臣竊觀自古聖達，皆不禱祠。故楚昭王有疾，卜者謂河為祟，昭王以河不在楚，非所獲罪，孔子以為知天道。仲尼病，子路請禱，仲尼以為神道助順，系於所行，己既全德，無愧屋漏。故答子路云：『丘之禱久矣。』《書》云：『惠迪吉，從逆兇。』言順道則吉，從逆則兇。《詩》云：『自求多福。』則禍福之來，鹹應行事，若茍為非道，則何福可求？是以漢文帝每有祭祀，使有司敬而不祈，其見超然，可謂盛德。若使神明無知，則安能降福；必其有知，則私己求媚之事，君子尚不可悅也，況於明神乎！由此言之，則履信思順，自天祐之，茍異於此，實難致福。故堯、舜之德，唯在修己以安百姓。管仲云：『義於人者和於神。』蓋以人為神主，故但務安人而已。虢公求神，以致危亡，王莽妄祈，以速漢兵，古今明誡，書傳所紀。伏望陛下每以漢文、孔子之意為準，則百福具臻。」帝深嘉之。 </p><p>時河東節度使王鍔用錢數千萬賂遺權幸，求兼宰相。籓與權德輿在中書，有密旨曰：「王鍔可兼宰相，宜即擬來。」籓遂以筆塗「兼相」字，卻奏上云：「不可。」德輿失色曰：「縱不可，宜別作奏，豈可以筆塗詔耶！」曰：「勢迫矣！出今日，便不可止。日又暮，何暇別作奏！」事果寢。李吉甫自揚州再入相，數日，罷籓為詹事。後數月，上思籓，召對，復有所論列。元和六年，出為華州刺史、兼御史大夫。未行卒，年五十八，贈戶部尚書。籓為相材能不及裴垍，孤峻頗後韋貫之，然人物清規，亦其流也。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading1"><h1 id="權德輿"><span id=".E6.AC.8A.E5.BE.B7.E8.BC.BF"></span>權德輿</h1><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7148&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：權德輿"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>權德輿，字載之，天水略陽人。父臯，字士繇，後秦尚書翼之後。少以進士補貝州臨清尉。安祿山以幽州長史充河北按察使，假其才名，表為薊縣尉，署從事。臯陰察祿山有異志，畏其猜虐，不可以潔退，欲潛去，又慮禍及老母。天寶十四年，祿山使臯獻戎俘，自京師回，過福昌。福昌尉仲謨，臯從父妹婿也，密以計約之。比至河陽，詐以疾亟召謨，謨至，臯示已喑，瞪謨而瞑。謨乃勉哀而哭，手自含襲，既逸臯而葬其棺，人無知者。從吏以詔書還，臯母初不知，聞臯之死，慟哭傷行路。祿山不疑其詐死，許其母歸。臯時微服匿跡，候母於淇門；既得侍其母，乃奉母晝夜南去，及渡江，祿山已反矣。由是名聞天下。淮南采訪使高適表臯試大理評事，充判官。屬永王璘亂，多劫士大夫以自從，臯懼見迫，又變名易服以免。玄宗在蜀，聞而嘉之，除監察御史。會丁母喪，因家洪州。時南北隔絕，或逾歲不聞詔命。有中使奉宣至洪州，經時未復，過有求取，州縣苦之。時有王遘為南昌令，將執按之，因見臯白其事；臯不言，久之，垂涕曰：「方今何由可致一敕使，而遽有此言。」因掩涕而起，遘遽拜謝之。浙西節度使顏真卿表臯為行軍司馬，詔征為起居舍人，又以疾辭。嘗曰：「本自全吾誌，豈受此之名耶！」李季卿為江淮黜陟使，奏臯節行，改著作郎，復不起。兩京蹂於胡騎，士君子多以家渡江東，知名之士如李華、柳識兄弟者，皆仰臯之德而友善之。大歷三年，卒於家，年四十六。元和中謚曰貞孝。 </p><p>初，臯卒，韓洄、王定為服朋友之喪，李華為其墓表，以為分天下善惡，一人而已。前贈秘書監，至是因子德輿為相，立家廟。至元和十二年，復贈太子太保。 </p><p>德輿生四歲，能屬詩；七歲居父喪，以孝聞；十五為文數百篇，編為《童蒙集》十卷，名聲日大。韓洄黜陟河南，辟為從事，試秘書省校書郎。貞元初，復為江西觀察使李兼判官，再遷監察御史。府罷，杜佑、裴胄皆奏請，二表同日至京。德宗雅聞其名，徵為太常博士，轉左補闕。八年，關東大水，上疏請降詔恤隱，遂命奚陟等四人使。 </p><p>裴延齡以巧幸判度支，九年，自司農少卿除戶部侍郎，仍判度支。德輿上疏曰： </p><p>臣伏以爵人於朝，與眾共之，況經費之司，安危所系。延齡頃自權判，逮今間歲，不稱之聲，日甚於初。群情眾口，喧於朝市，不敢悉煩聖聽，今謹略舉所聞。多雲以常賦正額支用未盡者，便為剩利，以為己功。又重破官錢買常平先所收市雜物，遂以再給估價，用充別貯利錢。又雲邊上諸軍皆至懸闕，自今春已來，並不支糧。伏以疆場之事，所虞非細，誠聖謨前定，終事切有司。陛下必以延齡孤貞獨立，為時所抑，醜正有黨，結此流言，何不以新收剩利，征其本末，為分析條奏？又擇朝賢信臣，與中使一人巡覆邊軍，察其資儲有無虛實。倘延齡受任已來，精心勤力，每事省約，別收羨余，於正數各有區分，邊軍儲蓄，實猶可支，身自斂怨，為國惜費；自宜更示優獎，以洗群疑，明書厥勞，昭示天下。如或言者非謬，罔上實多，豈以邦國重務，委之非據！臣職在諫曹，合采群議，正拜已來，今已旬日，道路云云，無不言此。豈京師士庶之眾，愚智之多，合而為黨，共有仇嫉。陛下亦宜稍回聖鑒，俯察群心。況臣之事君，如子事父；今當聖明不諱之代，若猶愛身隱情，是不忠不孝，莫大之罪。敢瀝肝血，伏待刑書。 </p><p>十年，遷起居舍人。歲中，兼知制誥。轉駕部員外郎、司勛郎中，職如舊。遷中書舍人。是時，德宗親覽庶政，重難除授，凡命於朝，多補自禦劄。始，德輿知制誥，給事有徐岱，舍人有高郢；居數歲，岱卒，郢知禮部貢舉，獨德輿直禁垣，數旬始歸。嘗上疏請除兩省宮，德宗曰：「非不知卿之勞苦，禁掖清切，須得如卿者，所以久難其人。」德輿居西掖八年，其間獨掌者數歲。貞元十七年冬，以本官知禮部貢舉。來年，真拜侍郎，凡三歲掌貢士，至今號為得人。轉戶部侍郎。元和初，歷兵部、吏部侍郎，坐郎吏誤用官闕，改太子賓客，復為兵部侍郎，遷太常卿。 </p><p>五年冬，宰相裴垍寢疾，德輿拜禮部尚書、平章事，與李籓同作相。河中節度王鍔來朝，貴幸多譽鍔者，上將加平章事，李籓堅執以為不可。德輿繼奏曰：「夫平章事，非序進而得，國朝方鎮帶宰相者，蓋有大忠大勛。大歷已來，又有跋扈難制者，不得已而與之。今王鍔無大忠勛，又非姑息之時，欲假此名，實恐不可！」上從之。 </p><p>運糧使董溪、于臯謨盜用官錢，詔流嶺南。行至湖外，密令中使皆殺之。他日，德輿上疏曰： </p><p>竊以董溪等，當陛下憂山東用兵時，領糧料供軍重務，聖心委付，不比尋常；敢負恩私，恣其贓犯，使之萬死，不足塞責。弘寬大之典，流竄太輕，陛下合改正罪名，兼責臣等疏略。但詔令已下，四方聞知，不書明刑，有此處分，竊觀眾情，有所未喻。伏自陛下臨禦已來，每事以誠，實與天地合德，與四時同符，萬方之人，沐浴皇澤。至如於、董所犯，合正典章，明下詔書，與眾同棄，即人各懼法，人各謹身。 </p><p>臣誠知其罪不容誅，又是已過之事，不合論辯，上煩聖聰。伏以陛下聖德聖姿，度越前古，頃所下一詔，舉一事，皆合理本，皆順人心。伏慮他時更有此比，但要有司窮鞫，審定罪名，或致之極法，或使自盡，罰一勸百，孰不甘心！巍巍聖朝，事體非細，臣每於延英奏對，退思陛下求理之言，生逢盛明，感涕自賀。況以愚滯樸訥，聖鑒所知，伏惟恕臣迂疏，察臣丹懇。 </p><p>及李吉甫自淮南詔徵，未一年，上又繼用李絳。時上求理方切，軍國無大小，一付中書。吉甫、絳議政頗有異同，或於上前論事，形於言色；其有詣於理者，德輿亦不能為發明，時人以此譏之。竟以循默而罷，復守本官。尋以檢校吏部尚書為東都留守，後拜太常卿，改刑部尚書。先是，許孟容、蔣乂等奉詔刪定格敕。孟容等尋改他官，乂獨成三十卷，表獻之，留中不出。德輿請下刑部，與侍郎劉伯芻等考定，復為三十卷奏上。十一年，復以檢校吏部尚書出鎮興元。十三年八月，有疾，詔許歸闕，道卒，年六十。贈左僕射，謚曰文。 </p><p>德輿自貞元至元和三十年間，羽儀朝行，性直亮寬恕，動作語言，一無外飾，蘊藉風流，為時稱向。於述作特盛，《六經》百氏，遊泳漸漬，其文雅正而弘博，王侯將相洎當時名人薨歿，以銘紀為請者什八九，時人以為宗匠焉。尤嗜讀書，無寸景暫倦，有文集五十卷，行於代。子璩，中書舍人。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading1"><h1 id="【論】"><span id=".E3.80.90.E8.AB.96.E3.80.91"></span>【論】</h1><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%8A%E5%94%90%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7148&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：【論】"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>史臣曰：裴垍精鑒默識，舉賢任能，啟沃帝心，弼諧王道。如崔群、裴度、韋貫之輩，鹹登將相，皆垍之薦達。立言立事，知無不為。吉甫該洽典經，詳練故實，仗裴垍之抽擢，致朝倫之式序。吉甫知垍之能別髦彥，垍知吉甫之善任賢良，相須而成，不忌不克。叔翰修身慎行，力學承家，批制敕有夕郎之風，塗御書見宰執之器；而乃輕財散施，天爵是期，偉哉，自待之意也！德輿孝悌力學，髫齔有聞，疏延齡恣行巧佞，論臯謨不書明刑，三十年羽儀朝行，實臯之余慶所鐘。此四子者，所謂經緯之臣，又何慚於王佐矣！ </p><p>贊曰：二李秉鈞，信為名臣。甫柔而黨，籓俊而純。裴公鑒裁，朝無屈人。權之藻思，文質彬彬。 </p> <table class="ws-noexport noprint" width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border:1px solid var(--border-color-content-added,#a3d3ff); background-color: var(--background-color-progressive-subtle,#eaf3ff); width:100%; margin-bottom:0px; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20%" align="left">　 </td> <td> </td> <td width="50%" align="center"><a href="#top">↑返回頂部</a> 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